CA2030512A1

CA2030512A1 - Roof covering means

Info

Publication number: CA2030512A1
Application number: CA002030512A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Dieter Kramer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: TONWARENFABRIK LAUFEN AG
Priority date: 1989-04-14
Filing date: 1990-03-30
Publication date: 1990-10-15
Also published as: EP0392064B1; HU902946D0; HUT56914A; DD299328B5; CZ184590A3; BG60114B2; AU641385B2; DD299328A5; DE58904846D1; AU5334590A; WO1990012935A1; ATE91164T1; EP0392064A1

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Roof Covering Means A roof covering means permits an attractive and inexpensive passage through a roof, e.g. for ventilating the roof or penetrating the roof surface if, below the roof component and substantially parallel to its plane is provided an insert with a collecting area for collecting and draining away precipitation and contaminants which have entered through the opening, if the insert has at least one passage opening and if the latter is displaced laterally relative to and/or upwardly out of the collecting area.

Description

~`~ 2~3~2 Roof covering means The invention relates to a roof covering means with at least one opening, e.g. for roof ventilation or for a roo~ component having a pipe duct according to the preamble of the independent claim.

A means of the aforementioned type constructed as a ventilation brick is known from German Utility Model 87 09 514. The flat roo~ component is constructed as a central flange stone, which roughly centrally has a passage opening covered by a dormer window with a semicircular pro~ile. On the dormer window opening and in an extension of the casing thereof is provided an air grating with vertical ribs and an eaves-side, closed front face. For constructional reasons the ventilation brick, dormer window and air grating must be manufactured as individual parts and subsequently bonded together in one piece.
The dormer window-like covering and the bonded on air grating lead to a noticeable optical interruption in a roof surface. It is also readily apparent that different materials, particularly plastic are used for the air grating.

In addition, roofing tiles for pipe ducts are known. They are used for passing through the roo~ antennas, ventilation pipes and tie rods for gratings, ladders and steps. In the passage area a lead sleeve is usually mounted on the pipe so as to cover the opening edge and prevent any penetration of precipitation or rainfall into the underroof. Normally an individual adaptatlon of the sleeve to the roofing tile opening is necessary. Furthermore, under the stressing and loading of the pipe, e.g. in the case of wind or snow, the sealing action of the sleeve can gradually deteriorate, because said sleeve is not able to~compensate ~he relative movement between ~he pipe and the fixed roof component.
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The object of the invention is to provide a roof covering means of the a~orementioned type, which can be easily installed, but still ensures a reliable seal, whilst at the same time harmonically adapting - into the roof.
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i. ' : . ." ' ` ':` '''.,. '. :'`' ., ' ` ` ' ' '' ' ' ~: ',. : ` , 2~3~2 This object is achieved in that, below the roof component and substan-tially parallel to the roof surface thereof, is positioned an insert with a collecting area for collecting and draining off precipitation and contaminants entering through the opening, in that the insert has at least one passage opening and that the latter is la-terally and/or upwardly displaced relative to and out of the collecting area.
As a result of such a construction roof components are particularly air brick or tile, can be used which have a larger opening, because they no longer have to covered at the top to prevent the penetration of precipitation and contaminants. In order to ven-tilate an underroof with a predetermined volume or surface area, less air bricks are required than hitherto. In addition, within the roof structure it is scarcely possible to differentiate between the air bricks or tiles and the remaining bricks or tiles, because they essentially have no externally visible bulges. An externally visible combination of materials is avoided, because only the external roof component is visible and the insert cannot be seen from the outside.

Roof components with an opening for a pipe duct re~uire no technically complicated and individually matched sleeve. According to the invention, rainfall can pass through the roof component opening where, below the same, it strikes the collecting area of the insert and can be drained off from there. The water is either drained off to the roof part positioned further down or it can be supplied to a central drain or water collecting installation via duct and tube systems.

As in the critical area the pipe duct is no longer directly in contact with the roof component, pipe movements in the case of wind and snow loading can be compensated via the insert, which must have a less rigid construction and the external roof component. It is more part-icularly suitable ~or compensating these movements if it is made from plastic.

When the means is constructed for underroof or roof area ventilation, it is advantageous for a transverse rib to be positioned on the inser-t and at the eaves-side edge~of the~opening of the external roof component ' ' j - . . . , . . : :. . ~ :

2~3~L2 is extended over and beyond said opening and its free end is constructed as a break-away edge. As a result of this edge an airflow passing over the roof surface is broken away. The underpressure or vacuum formed leads to air being sucked out of the underroof.

The said transveræ rib should be positioned at a predetermined distance from the insert collecting area with the aid of stiffening ribs directed in the outflow direction, so that between the said ribs and the collecting area there is a passage opening for the collected rainfall directed towards the eaves. If the stiffening ribs are located on the sides of the opening, in the same way as the transverse rib with the break-away edge they prevent any sloping entry of rainfall into the collecting area, such as could in particular occur Witll strong winds. Therefore the rainfall is guided onto the collecting area and uncontrolled penetration of the roof space is prevented.

To further improve the stability and flexural rigidity of the insert, stiffening ribs are arranged in grid-like manner over the entire opening of the outer roof component at predetermined intervals and extend into the vicinity of said opening. This leads to the formation of a protected grating against the penetration of leaves, small animals, etc. The penetration of the stiffening ribs into the outer roof component opening ~ixes the insert in position relative to the roof component. This offers the advantage that there is no need to seperately fix the~insert to the battens or the like, so that when covering the roof the means can be fitted without an,y difficulty and as rapidly as a normal roof plate.

A particularly advantageous further development of the invention in conjunction with underroof ventilation comprises the opening being arranged~in the flow direction on the underside and substantially over the entire width o~ the outer roof componentj that the insert passage opening is upwardly displaced with respect to the opening and that the cross-section of the passage opening, the opening and the gsp between the roof component and the insert is substantially the same. This measure leads to a maximum air passage for a minimum 1 ~ ' , ~ '' .

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disturbance of the air flow. To ensure a reliable water disposal, it is appropriate to provide the insert along its two lateral edges with in each case an upwardly directed collar. The collar also serves to stiffen the edge of the insert.

It can also be appropriate to provide the insert within the passage opening with a transverse o~fset. This has the advantage of increasing the spacing and therefore the passage cross-section between the insert and the outer roof component. Moreover, in this way, the collecting area can be given a trough-shape and can be stiffened.

It is also advantageous to provide the eaves-side end of the insert, which is located within a roof structure on the next following roof component, with a dripping edge. It can also be appropriate to give an upwardly directed collar at least to the lower edge, but preferably to the two following lateral edges of the insert passage opening.
This ensures that e.g. in the case of a limited roof inclination, any dammed back precipitations cannot pass via the passage opening into the roof space.

For the fixing in position of the roof component it can also be advant-ageous to provide it at the bottom of its ridge -side end with a web for hanging in a batten.

If the means is to serve as a duct for a pipe, a good seal against penetration rainfall is obtained in that the passage opening of the insert is formed by a connecting piece, which is sufficiently long ~Por the passage opening to be sufficiently upwardly displaced with , .
respect to the collecting surface to prevent -the penetration of rain-fall from~the collecting area into the connecting piece. In a preferred construction a ventilating pipe with an edge engaging over the connecting piece can be mounted on the latter. This has the advantage of obviating the need for an additional sleeve.

Alternatively thereto it is particularly advantageous for there to be a pipe bend onto which is shaped the edge for mounting on the . :. ' ;

-. : . ,: . ~, :, : . :. , . .: ~ :: .. , - .: . . . : - , , . -connecting piece. As a result of a corresponding orientation o~
the bend the leg mounted on the connecting piece can have a substantially vertical orientation, so that a ventilating pipe can be mounted thereof, which is therefore precisely vertical. The bend can also serve as an adaptor with respect to the ventilating pipe cross-section. Here again a rainproof connection between the connecting piece and the bend can be obtained without using a seperate sleeve.

The insert is pre~erably made from plastic or metal.

The insert can be given a profiled cross-section to improve its stability and this in particular contributes to improving the rigidity. Increased rigidity can also be brought about by providing reinforcing ribs on the insert. The reinforcing ribs can run paraIlel to the flow direction and can also guide flowing away precipitation.

Advantageous further developments of the invention form the sub~ect matter of subclaims.

The invention is described in greater detail hereinafter relative to three non-limitative embodiments and the attached drawings, wherein show:

Fig.1 a longitudinal section through a means for ventilating a roof space.

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Fig.2 a perspective view of the insert o~ the means according to Fig.1.
' Fig.3 a longitudinal section through a first means for a pipe duct.

Fig.4 a longitudinal section through a second means for a pipe duct.
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The means illustrated by Fig.1 and which could also be reffarred to as a surface or area ventilator 9, comprises an outer roof component for installation on a sloping roof and constructed as an air brick , 2~3~2 , or tile 10. On its lower, eaves-side end within the brick or tile surface, the latter has an opening 12 extending as far as possible over the entire width of the tile 10 at right angles to the drawing plane. The opening 12 has a rectangular cross-section. On its ridge-side end the air tile 10 i9 hung by a projection lL~ on a batten 16 in the roof structure, whilst the eaves-side end 18 rests on the ridge-side end of the following roof tile 20. Below the air tile 10 is provided a plastic insert 8 forming a baffle plate, so as on the one hand to collect and drain off the precipitation or rainfall penetrating through the opening 12 and on the other ensure an airflow from the inside to the outside for ventilating the underroof 7.

At the ridge-side the insert 8 rests on the batten 16, the weight of the air tile 10 pressing on its from above. Its eaves-side end 25 rests on the adjacent roof tile 20 below, where it engages with a web-like, downwardly shaped dripping edge 6 into a groove on the roof tile 20.

Below the opening 12 of the air tile 10, the insert 8 has a closed collecting area 22, which collects penetrating rainfall and drains it off downwards onto the roof tile 20. Vertically projecting stiffening ribs 27 extending into the opening 12 and which are oriented in the flow direction are located in the collecting area 22. The eaves-side faces of the stifPening ribs 27 carry a transverse rib 26, which proje~cts over and beyond ehe edge of the open~ng 12. The edge projecting over the surface of the air tile 10 forms a sharp break-away edge 28. An air flow passing over the air tile 10 breaks-away from the edge 28 and consequently produces an underpressure or vacuum in the opening 12. The transverse rib 26 terminates at a predetermined distance above the collecting area 22, so that~an adequate discharge opening 2~ exists~in the outflow direction. In the reproduced~example ~the transverse rib 26 is given a rounded cross-section for aerodynamic reasons.

In the flow direction above the collecting area 22 the insert 8 is provided with a passage opening 30, which forms a connection to the , .

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underroof 7. A collar 31 passing round the edge o~ the passage opening 30 prevents precipitation entering through the opening 12 from passing into the underroor 7 through the passage opening 30, particularly in the case of a limited roof inclination. There is an aerodynamic rounding 5 on the edge of the passage opening 30.

The inse~ 8 extends essentially in one plane and parallel to the roor surface of the air tile 10 at a predetermined distance from its underside. This spacing is used for fixing the air passage cross-section 32, which corresponds to the cross-sectional surface both of the passage opening 30 and of the opening 12.

As is rurther illustrated by Fig.2, along its two longitudinal edges the insert 8 is in each case provided with upstands 33, which prevent the penetrating rainfall from passing over and beyond the longitudinal sides in the abutment area Or the particular tile into the underroor.
The perspective view also illustrates that the stiffening ribs 27 ~orm a protective grating to prevent the penetration Or leaves or the like into the opening 22. Due to its positive seating in the opening 12, it also ~ixes the insert 8 in positionally correct manner below the air tile 10.

In the second embodiment according to Fig.3 the means comprises a per~orated tile 40 ~ia which a pipe can be passed to the outside from the underroor 7. It is provided with a circular opening 42 located on the top Or a step-like part 41. Thus, taking account of a given roor slope, the opening 42 passes substantailly horizontally so as to permit a vertical passage Or the particular pipe. Below the opening 42 the insert 46 has a connecting piece 48, which in the preæent embodiment is extended over and beyond the surface Or the perforated tile 40. In this embodiment the edge o~ ehe connecting piece 48 forms the passage opening 43 o~ the insert 46, which is once again located above the collecting area 45 Or said insert 46.
RainfalI moving past the connecting piece 48 and through the opening 42 is collected by the collecting area 45 and drained downwards onto the next-following tile 47 Or the roor structure.
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' ^ 2~3~2 The insert 46 is p~ovided in the ridge direction above the connecting piece 48 with a longitudinal offset 49. At the ridge-side end o~
the insert 46 there is also a downwardly directed web 51, which engages behind a batten 53, so that the insert 46 is hung on said batten 53.

On the connecting piece 48 is mounted a pipe bend 50 with two legs 54,56, whose external diameter corresponds to the internal diameter of the connecting piece 48. One leg 54 is inserted in the connecting piece 58, whilst the other leg 56 projects freely upwards. By a corresponding rotation of the leg 54 about its longitudinal axis, the free leg 56 is vertically oriented. As a result o~ a 180 rotation with respect to the represented position, the free leg 56 can be adapted to a different roof slope. The slope angle between the two legs 54,56 is therefore so selected with respect to standard roof slopes, that generally a vertical orientation is possible. In the represented embodiment on the free leg 56 is engaged a ventilating pippe 44, as is used for room ventilation, roof ventilation, etc.
It is clear the ventilating pipe 44 can be mounted directly on the connecting piece 48 if, as a result Or the roof slope, a vertical orientation of said pipe 44 is possible. For this purpose the pipe 44 is provided with a socket 61.

One leg 54 is provided with an external, downwardly directed, cylin- -drical collar 58, which is positively mounted on the connecting piece ~edge. The collar 5~ constitutes a rainproof, non-slip connection by means of which the bend 50 is supported on the connecting piece 48. Following onto the collar 58, the cross-section of the bend 50 is reinforced into the base area of the free leg 56, so that a shoulder 60 is formed there on which engages the face of the ventil-ating pipe 44.

Fig.4 illustrates another variant of an insert 66. The perforated tile 40 coincides with that Or Fig.3, so that there is no need for a further description here. In much the same way as the tile-side part 41, on the eaves-side the connecting piece 68 is widened conically into the bearing area. In this way the base of connecting piece .
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2~3~L2 68 is widened, so tha-t it can receive a metal support 62, which is screwed onto a rib strip in the base area o~ the connecting piece 68. The support 62 comprises a cen-tral pipe receptacle 70 projecting into the connecting piece 48 and vertical ribs 72. It is also hung by means of an o~fset metal band 7ll on the batten 76.

In the pipe receptacle 70 is inserted a pipe 76, which in exemplified manner in Fig. 4 carries a snow collecting grating 78. ~lternatively thereto it can e.g. also carry an antenna or a grid.

The support opening is covered by a plastic sleeve 84, inverted over the connecting piece 68 with a wide edge 80. The insert 66 is provided at the ridge-side end with a recess 82, through which the metal band 74 engages with the roo~ strip 64. The insert 66 is hung on the latter on either side o~ the metal band 74.

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Claims

1. Means for covering a roof with a flat roof component having at least one opening, e.g. for roof ventilation or for a pipe duct, characterized in that below the roof component and substantially parallel to the roof surface of the roof component is provided an insert (8,46,66) with a collecting area (22,45) for collecting and draining away precipitation and contaminants which have entered through the opening (12,42), the insert (8,46,66) has at least one passage opening (30,43) and that the passage opening (30,43) is displaced laterally relative to and/or upwards out of the collecting area (22, 45).

2. Means according to claim 1, characterized in that on the insert (22) is placed a transverse rib (26), which at the eaves-side edge of the opening (12) of the outer roof component is passed out beyond said opening (12) and whose free edge is constructed as a break-away edge (28).

3. Means according to claim 2, characterized in that the transverse rib (26) is arranged with stiffening ribs (27) oriented in the outflow direction at a predetermined distance from the collecting area (22) of the insert (8), so that a discharge opening (29) directed in the eaves direction is positioned between the transverses rib (26) and the collecting area (8).

4. Means according to claim 3, characterized in that stiffening ribs (27) are arranged in grid-like manner at predetermined intervals over the entire opening (12) of the outer roof component and pass into the vicinity of the opening (12).

5. Means according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the flow direction the opening (12) is located on the underside and over substantially the entire width of the outer roof component, that the passage opening (30) of the insert (8) is upwardly displaced in the flow direction with respect to the opening (12) and that the cross-section of the passage opening (30), the opening (12) and a gap between the roof component and the insert (8) is substantially identical.

6. Means according to claim 1, characterized in that the passage opening of the insert (46,66) is formed by a connecting piece (48,68) and that the connecting piece (48,68) is sufficiently long that the passage opening (43) is adequately upwardly displaced relative to the collecting area (45) to prevent the penetration of rainfall from the collecting area (45) into the connecting piece (48,68).

7. Means according to claim 6, characterized in that a pipe bend (50) is provided onto which is shaped a collar (58) for engaging on the connecting piece (48).

8. Means according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that along its two lateral edges the insert (8,46,66) is in each case provided with an upwardly directed upstand (33).

9. Means according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on its eaves-side end the insert (8,46,66) has a dripping edge (6).

10. Means according to claim 6, characterized in that for reducing the cross-section of the passage opening (43) a sleeve (84) is engaged on the connecting piece (68).