CA2009170A1 - Expander roller for webs of paper and the like - Google Patents
Expander roller for webs of paper and the likeInfo
- Publication number
- CA2009170A1 CA2009170A1 CA002009170A CA2009170A CA2009170A1 CA 2009170 A1 CA2009170 A1 CA 2009170A1 CA 002009170 A CA002009170 A CA 002009170A CA 2009170 A CA2009170 A CA 2009170A CA 2009170 A1 CA2009170 A1 CA 2009170A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- external surface
- groove
- expander roller
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
- B65H23/02—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs transversely
- B65H23/022—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs transversely by tentering devices
- B65H23/025—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs transversely by tentering devices by rollers
- B65H23/0251—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs transversely by tentering devices by rollers with a straight axis
- B65H23/0256—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs transversely by tentering devices by rollers with a straight axis with opposed helicoidal windings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
- Winding Of Webs (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Unwinding Webs (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
An expander roller for running webs of paper, textile material or the like has a straight metallic or plastic core and an outer layer consisting of two helically convoluted strips of rubber or other elastomeric material. The two convoluted webs are mirror images of each other with reference to a plane which extends between them and is normal to the axis of the core. The external surface of the outer layer is profiled in that it is provided with grooves cut into or otherwise formed in the strips and forming helices as a result of convolution of the respective strips onto the core. Each helical groove is adjacent a deformable lip which defines a portion of the external surface of the outer layer and can yield in response to engagement with a running web. The strips are permanently or detachably bonded to the peripheral surface of the core.
An expander roller for running webs of paper, textile material or the like has a straight metallic or plastic core and an outer layer consisting of two helically convoluted strips of rubber or other elastomeric material. The two convoluted webs are mirror images of each other with reference to a plane which extends between them and is normal to the axis of the core. The external surface of the outer layer is profiled in that it is provided with grooves cut into or otherwise formed in the strips and forming helices as a result of convolution of the respective strips onto the core. Each helical groove is adjacent a deformable lip which defines a portion of the external surface of the outer layer and can yield in response to engagement with a running web. The strips are permanently or detachably bonded to the peripheral surface of the core.
Description
: ' ~:
The invention relates to expander rollers ~also called rotary stretcher~) for webs of paper, textile material, foil or the like.
- Expander rollers are used to treat webs of flexible material which are being paid out by supply rolls and/or during winding of webs onto takeup rolls.
v As a rule, an expander rolle:r has a core of metallic or other suitable material and an outer layer which has an external web~engaging surface designed to stretch the 10 adjacent portion of the running web in response to rotation of the core. The purpose of the expander roller is to preferably stretch the running web in a direction from the center toward both marginal portions in order to eliminate folds, creases and/or other irregularities or to prevent the development of such irregularities. Many types of webs, such as paper webs, webs of textile material, webs of metallic or plastic foil, webs of interlaced ~ibers (e.g., fleece) and the like cannot be processed at all if they develop 20 longitudinally extending and/or otherwise oriented fold lines, creases and/or other unevennesses. An expander roller applies to the adjacent portion of the running web forces acting in the axial direction of the core, or having components extending in such direction, to ensure that the width of the running web increases or tends to increase in order to eliminate creases, fold lines or similar irregularities (hereinafter called creases for short) or to prevent the development of creases while the web is being advanced from a preceding station to the - 30 next-following station.
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As a rule, the external sL~rface of the ou-ter layer of a conventional expander roller has one or more helical profiles, preferably two profiles which are mirror images of each other with reference to a plane extending between the two pro-files at right angles to the axis of the core. Thus, the lead or pitch of one of the profiles is that of a right-hand thread and the lead oE
the other profile is that oE a leEt-hand t.hread. Each profile tends to expand the ma-terial of a running web from the center toward the respective marginal portion.
It is also known to provide the outer layer of a standard expander roller with a single helical profile, such configuration of the external surface oE the outer layer also furnishes a desirable stretching or expanding action at right angles to the direction of advancement of the web.
In accordance with a heretofore known proposal, the helical profile or profiles are obtained by grinding or otherwise machining one or more helical grooves into the external surface of a one-piece outer layer which surrounds the core of the expander roller. The outer layer of-ten consists of rubber. Such expander rollers exhibit -the advantage that the outer layer produces a highly satisfactory expandinc3 or stretching action and that the core can be driven in a rather simple and inexpensive way in contrast to the cores of certain other ; conventional expander rollers which employ arcuate cores ; and arcuate outer layers, i.e., wherein transverse stretching of the running web is achieved as a result of training the web over a roller having a curved axis.
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A drawback o conventional straight expander rollers with outer layers of rubber or the likc is that the machining of proEiles into the external surfaces of the outer layers is a time-consuming and costly procedure. Moreover, the ~ersatility of such rollers is not entirely satisEactory, i.e., a particu:Lar roller is capable of stretching only a single web or a series of webs having a certain width, a certain thickness, a certain flexibility or being in contact with a predetermined percentage of the external surface of the outer layer. Therefore, it is necessary to store a substantial supply of discrete expander rollers in order to ensure that a proper roller will be availa~le when the treatment of webs of one type is completed and the machine or apparatus employing one or more expander rollers is to be set up for the processing of different types of webs.
It was further proposed to replace the one-piece outer layer of rubber or the like with an outer layer which consists of or contains a helically ~ convoluted strip or band. The exposed side of the convoluted band has a longitudinally extending protuberance which constitutes a helix and engages the running web of textile or other material in the course of a stretching operation. I'he protuberance further serves a~ a reinEorcing rib for the major portion of the strip or band which is convolutad onto the core of such expander roller. A drawback oE this proposal is that the making of a band or strip with a protuberance involves considerable expenses. Furthermore, the outwardly -- 4 ~
Z~J~3~ 0 projecting helical protuberance of -the convoluted strip or band is likely to damage or cleface a relatively thin and sensitive running web of paper, foil or the like.
Therefore, such expander ro:LIers failed to gain widespread acceptance in textile, paper making, paper processing and other industries where webs o~ paper or other flexible material must be convoluted onto or unwound from rolls or reels without the development of creases or for the express purpose of eliminating existing creases.
The invention is embodied in an expander roller which comprises a substantially cylindrical and preferably straight core having a peripheral surface, and an outer layer which surrounds the peripheral surface of the core and includes at least one helically convoluted strip (e.g., a strip of rubber or elastic plastic material). The outer layer has a substantially cylindrical external surface, and the external surface has a profile which is composed of at least one groove, particularly a helical groove. The outer layer can comprise two helically convoluted strips which are substantial mirror images of each other with reference to a plane extending between the two strips and is normal to the axis of the core.
Each strip has two lateral surfaces which extend from the external surface of the outer layer to the peripheral surface o~ the core and which preEerably converge toward each other in a direction toward the peripheral surface so that each strip has a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional outline. Each groove ~3~ ~7~
preferably extends Erom the external surface of the outer layer toward but short o-E the peripheral surface oE the core, and each strip preferably comprises at least one lip which is adjacent the respective groove and constitutes that portion of t:he respective strip which is disposed between the groove and the external surf'ace of the outer layer. Eacil strip has two internal surfaces which flank the respective groove. One in-ternal surface is adjacent the respective lip and makes an acute anyle with the external surface of the outer layer. Suc'h angle is preferably between 30 and 50 degrees. ~ach lip is deformable in response to enCJagement with a running web of paper, textile or other material which is to be expandecl or stretched as a re.sult of engagement with the external surface of the outer layer w'hile the core is being driven to rotate about its axis. Each lip is preferably spaced apart from the coxe, and each lip can include a rather pronounced edge adjacent the external surface of the outer layer.
Each groove can have a substantially triangular cross-sectional outline, and its width preferably decreases in a direction from t'he external surface of the outer layer toward the peripheral surface of the core.
The width of each groove at the external surface (as measured in the axial direction of the core) is or can be between 0.8 and 1.5 mm. The other internal surEace of each strip in the respective groove is preferably straight (as seen in a direction from the ex-ternal surface of the outer layer toward the peripheral surface of the core~. That portion of each lip which is adjacent 317(~
the external surface of t'he outer layer and includes the aEorementioned edge is or can be readil~ deformable, and t'he external surface can have a concave portion adjacent ; each lip. The concave portion oE the external surface extends radially outwardly beyond the main portion of such external surface (i.e., away from the axis of the core) through a distance of approximately 0.2 to 0.7 mm.
Such concave portion preferably slopes gradua]ly from the main portion of the external surface toward the edge of the respective lip.
I'he readily deformable portion of each lip is preferably movable toward and away from t'he ot'her internal surface of the respective strip when the lip oscillates while the expander roller is in actual use.
The two internal surfaces in each groove preferably make a small acute angle. The width or thickness of the outer layer in the radial direction of the core can be less, for example, much less, than -the diameter of the core.
For example, such width or thickness can be in the range of approximately 6 and 12 mm. Each groove can be machined into the respective strip, e.g., by partially slitting the strip with a knife or the like.
The profile of the external surface of the outer layer can be composed of a plurality oE parallel ; grooves. For example, each strip can be formed with two parallel helical grooves. The grooves of each strip are or can be at least substantially identical. If each ; strip has two grooves, the open side of one groove can be provided in one lateral surface of the respective strip ~' 30 adjacent the external surface of the outer layer, and the o ot'her groove extends from the extcrna:L surEace toward but short of the other lateral surface of the respective strip. The minimum distance between neighboring grooves of a strip can equal or appro~imate the distance of the second groove from the other lateral sur-face of the respective strip. The spacing between the open sides of the grooves of a strip at the external surface of the outer layer is preferably selected in dependency upon t'hc characteristlcs o-f t'he web or she~t whic'h is to be expandad by the improved roller. E'or example, the spacing between the open sides of the grooves in a .strip can be selected as a function of the thickness and/or flexibility of the web. Furthermore, the lead of each helically convoluted strip and of its groove or grooves as well as of its lip or lips can be selected as a function of characteristics of the material of the web which is to be stretched or expanded by the roller.
Furthermore, the lead of each helically convoluted strip can be selectec~ as a function of the diameter of the core.
The distance between the innermost portion of each groove and the peripheral surface of the core is or can be in the range of 2 to 6 mm. The distance between the lateral surfaces of each strip can be selected in dependency upon the number of grooves in the strip. For example, the distance will be 5 to 30 mm (preferably 5 to 10 mm) if the strip has a single groove and is preferably between 12 and 30 mm if the strip has several (for example, two) grooves.
As mentioned above, if the outer layer i5 -- S
The invention relates to expander rollers ~also called rotary stretcher~) for webs of paper, textile material, foil or the like.
- Expander rollers are used to treat webs of flexible material which are being paid out by supply rolls and/or during winding of webs onto takeup rolls.
v As a rule, an expander rolle:r has a core of metallic or other suitable material and an outer layer which has an external web~engaging surface designed to stretch the 10 adjacent portion of the running web in response to rotation of the core. The purpose of the expander roller is to preferably stretch the running web in a direction from the center toward both marginal portions in order to eliminate folds, creases and/or other irregularities or to prevent the development of such irregularities. Many types of webs, such as paper webs, webs of textile material, webs of metallic or plastic foil, webs of interlaced ~ibers (e.g., fleece) and the like cannot be processed at all if they develop 20 longitudinally extending and/or otherwise oriented fold lines, creases and/or other unevennesses. An expander roller applies to the adjacent portion of the running web forces acting in the axial direction of the core, or having components extending in such direction, to ensure that the width of the running web increases or tends to increase in order to eliminate creases, fold lines or similar irregularities (hereinafter called creases for short) or to prevent the development of creases while the web is being advanced from a preceding station to the - 30 next-following station.
:
;~ if~ 7~D
As a rule, the external sL~rface of the ou-ter layer of a conventional expander roller has one or more helical profiles, preferably two profiles which are mirror images of each other with reference to a plane extending between the two pro-files at right angles to the axis of the core. Thus, the lead or pitch of one of the profiles is that of a right-hand thread and the lead oE
the other profile is that oE a leEt-hand t.hread. Each profile tends to expand the ma-terial of a running web from the center toward the respective marginal portion.
It is also known to provide the outer layer of a standard expander roller with a single helical profile, such configuration of the external surface oE the outer layer also furnishes a desirable stretching or expanding action at right angles to the direction of advancement of the web.
In accordance with a heretofore known proposal, the helical profile or profiles are obtained by grinding or otherwise machining one or more helical grooves into the external surface of a one-piece outer layer which surrounds the core of the expander roller. The outer layer of-ten consists of rubber. Such expander rollers exhibit -the advantage that the outer layer produces a highly satisfactory expandinc3 or stretching action and that the core can be driven in a rather simple and inexpensive way in contrast to the cores of certain other ; conventional expander rollers which employ arcuate cores ; and arcuate outer layers, i.e., wherein transverse stretching of the running web is achieved as a result of training the web over a roller having a curved axis.
~?'r3~
: .
A drawback o conventional straight expander rollers with outer layers of rubber or the likc is that the machining of proEiles into the external surfaces of the outer layers is a time-consuming and costly procedure. Moreover, the ~ersatility of such rollers is not entirely satisEactory, i.e., a particu:Lar roller is capable of stretching only a single web or a series of webs having a certain width, a certain thickness, a certain flexibility or being in contact with a predetermined percentage of the external surface of the outer layer. Therefore, it is necessary to store a substantial supply of discrete expander rollers in order to ensure that a proper roller will be availa~le when the treatment of webs of one type is completed and the machine or apparatus employing one or more expander rollers is to be set up for the processing of different types of webs.
It was further proposed to replace the one-piece outer layer of rubber or the like with an outer layer which consists of or contains a helically ~ convoluted strip or band. The exposed side of the convoluted band has a longitudinally extending protuberance which constitutes a helix and engages the running web of textile or other material in the course of a stretching operation. I'he protuberance further serves a~ a reinEorcing rib for the major portion of the strip or band which is convolutad onto the core of such expander roller. A drawback oE this proposal is that the making of a band or strip with a protuberance involves considerable expenses. Furthermore, the outwardly -- 4 ~
Z~J~3~ 0 projecting helical protuberance of -the convoluted strip or band is likely to damage or cleface a relatively thin and sensitive running web of paper, foil or the like.
Therefore, such expander ro:LIers failed to gain widespread acceptance in textile, paper making, paper processing and other industries where webs o~ paper or other flexible material must be convoluted onto or unwound from rolls or reels without the development of creases or for the express purpose of eliminating existing creases.
The invention is embodied in an expander roller which comprises a substantially cylindrical and preferably straight core having a peripheral surface, and an outer layer which surrounds the peripheral surface of the core and includes at least one helically convoluted strip (e.g., a strip of rubber or elastic plastic material). The outer layer has a substantially cylindrical external surface, and the external surface has a profile which is composed of at least one groove, particularly a helical groove. The outer layer can comprise two helically convoluted strips which are substantial mirror images of each other with reference to a plane extending between the two strips and is normal to the axis of the core.
Each strip has two lateral surfaces which extend from the external surface of the outer layer to the peripheral surface o~ the core and which preEerably converge toward each other in a direction toward the peripheral surface so that each strip has a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional outline. Each groove ~3~ ~7~
preferably extends Erom the external surface of the outer layer toward but short o-E the peripheral surface oE the core, and each strip preferably comprises at least one lip which is adjacent the respective groove and constitutes that portion of t:he respective strip which is disposed between the groove and the external surf'ace of the outer layer. Eacil strip has two internal surfaces which flank the respective groove. One in-ternal surface is adjacent the respective lip and makes an acute anyle with the external surface of the outer layer. Suc'h angle is preferably between 30 and 50 degrees. ~ach lip is deformable in response to enCJagement with a running web of paper, textile or other material which is to be expandecl or stretched as a re.sult of engagement with the external surface of the outer layer w'hile the core is being driven to rotate about its axis. Each lip is preferably spaced apart from the coxe, and each lip can include a rather pronounced edge adjacent the external surface of the outer layer.
Each groove can have a substantially triangular cross-sectional outline, and its width preferably decreases in a direction from t'he external surface of the outer layer toward the peripheral surface of the core.
The width of each groove at the external surface (as measured in the axial direction of the core) is or can be between 0.8 and 1.5 mm. The other internal surEace of each strip in the respective groove is preferably straight (as seen in a direction from the ex-ternal surface of the outer layer toward the peripheral surface of the core~. That portion of each lip which is adjacent 317(~
the external surface of t'he outer layer and includes the aEorementioned edge is or can be readil~ deformable, and t'he external surface can have a concave portion adjacent ; each lip. The concave portion oE the external surface extends radially outwardly beyond the main portion of such external surface (i.e., away from the axis of the core) through a distance of approximately 0.2 to 0.7 mm.
Such concave portion preferably slopes gradua]ly from the main portion of the external surface toward the edge of the respective lip.
I'he readily deformable portion of each lip is preferably movable toward and away from t'he ot'her internal surface of the respective strip when the lip oscillates while the expander roller is in actual use.
The two internal surfaces in each groove preferably make a small acute angle. The width or thickness of the outer layer in the radial direction of the core can be less, for example, much less, than -the diameter of the core.
For example, such width or thickness can be in the range of approximately 6 and 12 mm. Each groove can be machined into the respective strip, e.g., by partially slitting the strip with a knife or the like.
The profile of the external surface of the outer layer can be composed of a plurality oE parallel ; grooves. For example, each strip can be formed with two parallel helical grooves. The grooves of each strip are or can be at least substantially identical. If each ; strip has two grooves, the open side of one groove can be provided in one lateral surface of the respective strip ~' 30 adjacent the external surface of the outer layer, and the o ot'her groove extends from the extcrna:L surEace toward but short of the other lateral surface of the respective strip. The minimum distance between neighboring grooves of a strip can equal or appro~imate the distance of the second groove from the other lateral sur-face of the respective strip. The spacing between the open sides of the grooves of a strip at the external surface of the outer layer is preferably selected in dependency upon t'hc characteristlcs o-f t'he web or she~t whic'h is to be expandad by the improved roller. E'or example, the spacing between the open sides of the grooves in a .strip can be selected as a function of the thickness and/or flexibility of the web. Furthermore, the lead of each helically convoluted strip and of its groove or grooves as well as of its lip or lips can be selected as a function of characteristics of the material of the web which is to be stretched or expanded by the roller.
Furthermore, the lead of each helically convoluted strip can be selectec~ as a function of the diameter of the core.
The distance between the innermost portion of each groove and the peripheral surface of the core is or can be in the range of 2 to 6 mm. The distance between the lateral surfaces of each strip can be selected in dependency upon the number of grooves in the strip. For example, the distance will be 5 to 30 mm (preferably 5 to 10 mm) if the strip has a single groove and is preferably between 12 and 30 mm if the strip has several (for example, two) grooves.
As mentioned above, if the outer layer i5 -- S
2~ J~7~) composed of two strips, such strips can be mirror images of each other. ~owever, it is equally possible to convolute two or more strips in the same direction and with the same lead 50 that t:he stri~s are disposed end to end. It is normall~ preferred to convolute the strips in such a way that the lead of one of the strips deviates from the lead of the other strip; for example, one of the leads is a right-hand lead and -the other lead is a left-hand lead.
- 10 ~ach strip can contain or can consist of rubber or other (e.g., plastic) elastomeric material. Means can be provided for bonding the strip or strips to the peripheral surface of the core.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic of the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The improved expander roller itself, however, both as to its construction and -the mode of making and using the same, together with additional features and advantages thereof, will be best understood upon perusal of the ~ollowing detailed description of certain presently preferred specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing.
FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a core and of two discrete strips which are partially convolu-ted onto the core;
E'IG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the assembled expander roller and a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of a running web, substantially as seen in the direction of arrows from the line II-II in FIG. 4;
FIG. 3 is an elevational view of the assembled ';
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expander roller and a transverse sectional view of a web;
~ 'IG. ~ is an enlarged fragmentary axial sectional view of the expancler roller and of a web which is in contact with the external surface o~ the outer layer of the roller;
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged fraymentary axial sectional view of the core and of one of a strip which is convoluted onto the peripheral surface of thc? core and - has a single groove; and E'IG. 6 is an elevational view of an expander roller in front of a web which 3.S being stretched by the profiled outer layer of the roller.
The improved expander roller comprises an . elongated rotary core 1 having a cylindrical peripheral .- surface 9, and an outer layer 2 composed of two helica:Lly convoluted strips 3. The lateral surfaces 10, 11 of each strip 3 are immediately adjacent each other or abut at 4 to form two helices which are mirror symmetrical to each other with reference to a plane extending at right angles to the axis of the core 1 and being disposed between the two strips. The ends 5, 6 of the core 1 are provided with smaller~diameter stubs 7, 8 which can be installed in bearings (not shown) forming part of the frame of a machine in which the improved expander roller is put to i~ use.
As can be seen in E'IG. 5, the lateral surfaces 10, 11 of each of the illustrated strip 3 converge slightly toward each other in a direction from the at least substantially cylindrical external surface 16 of the outer layer 2 toward the peripheral surface g oE the o core 1, and the inner side 12 of each strip 3 is honded to the adjacent portion of the externa] surface 9 by a suitable adhesive indicated by a legend. ~:ach of the strips 3 has a substan-tially trapezoidal outline ~6.
In accordance with a feature of the invention, each strip 3 is provided with at least one groove 15 which has a triangular cross-sectional outline (in undeEormed condition of the outer layer 2~ and extends from t'he external surface 16 toward but short of the peripheral surface 9, i.e., toward but short of the inner side 12 oE the respective strip. The c~rooves 15 impart to the external surface 16 oE the outer layer 3 a profile 14 whic'h induces a web 17 of textile, paper, foil or other material to expand, i.e., -to increase (or to tend to increase) its width and to thereby eliminate or at least render less pronounced any fold lines, creases and/or other irregularities which could affect the appearance and/or fuxt'her treatment of the web. ~ach groove 15 is adjacent a lip 45 which extends between an inner surface 57 of the respective strip 3 and the external surface 16 and has a rather pronounced helical edge 53 at the external surface 1~. Those portions of each lip 45 which are immediately adjacent the respective edge 53 are readily deformable and can be flexed toward and away from the second internal surface 55 in the respective groove 15. The angle 52 (FIG. 4) between the external surface 16 and the adjacent internal surface 57 (in undefor~ed condition of the outer layer 2) is a relatively small acute angle, e.g., an angle between 30 and 50 degrees. The magnitude of the angle 52 depends .~ i . . . .. . . ... .
Z~ 70 upon the extent of stretc'hiny oE the respective strip 3 durin~ winding onto the peripheral surface ~ of the core 1.
The reference character 54 denotes the length of the internal surface 57 in a direction ~rom the external surface 16 toward -the peripheral surface 9. 'I'he distance 30 between the deepmost point 63 of a groove 15 and t`he peripheral surface 12 depends on a number of factors but is yenerally between 2 and 6 mm. 'rhose portions (one shown at 59 in FIG. 5) of the external surface 16 of the outer layer 2 which are immediately adjacent the edges 53 oE the deformable lip5 45'have a concave outline and slope gently in a direction outwardly and away Erom the main or major portion of the externa]
surface 16 through a distance of preferably 0.2 to ;'' 0.7 mm. The portions 59 of t'he external surface 16 are moved toward the axis of the core 1 when the improved roller is in actual use, i.e., when the external surface 16 i5 en~aged by a running web 17. This can be seen in FIG. 4, as at 58, i~e., the concave portions 5~ of the external surface 16 become cylindrical and are coplanar with the adjacent portions of the major part of the surface 16.
The width of the open end of each groove 15 at the external sur-face 16 of the outer layer 2 in undeformed condition of this outer layer is preferably between 0.8 and 1.5 mm. The angle 62 (FIG. 4) between the internal surfaces 55 and 57 in each groove 15 is preferably a small or very small acute angle, e.g., an angle of less than 15 degrees. The internal surface 57 .:
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z~ o , and/or 55 are or can be straight (as seen in the direction from the external surface 16 toward the peripheral surface 9) in undeformed condition o~ the outer layer 2.
The e]asticity of the readily ~e~ormable portion of each lip ~5 in the region of the respective edge 53 is preferably suf~iciently pronounced to enable such readily deforlTIable portion to move back and ~orth toward and away from the respective internal surface 55 in actual use of the expander roller, i.e., when the external surface 16 is engaged by a running w~b 17 and the latter alternately deforms and releases successive increments of each lip ~5.
The aforediscussed distance 30 between the deepmost portion 63 of a groove 15 and the peripheral surface 9 of the core 1 is selected with a view to ensure that the respective strip 3 is not likely to break or crack between the deepmost portion 63 and its inner side 12 as a result of repeated flexing of the adjacent lip ~5 by the running web 17 in actual use oE the improved ~- expander roller.
The thickness 60 of the outer layer 2 (i.e., the distance between the peripheral surface 9 and the external surface 16) depends upon the elasticity of the material of the outer layer 2 and is preferably between approximately 6 and 12 mm.
The lead of convolutions 18 and 19 (FIG. 3) of the strips 3 depends upon the width oE such strips (i.e., on the distance 31 between the respective lateral surfaces 10 and 11). The lead of the convolutions 18 and "
.
]9 is less pronounced if each of the strips 3 is provided with a single groove 15. ~i'IG. 4 shows that each of the strips 3 can be provided with a plurality of grooves including the aforediscussed groove 15, a second groove 64 adjacent a lip 4~, and a third or median groove 115 adjacent a lip 145. The lead of a convoluted strip 3 which has several grooves is or can be more pronounced than that of a strip having a lesser number of grooves.
Each groove has an open side at the external surface 16, and the shortest distance between two neighboring grooves (15, 115 or 115, 64) in a strip 3 preferably equals or approximates the distance of the deepmost portion of the groove 64 from the adjacent lateral surface 10. Each groove lS of FIG. 4 is provided in the lateral surface 11 of the respective strip 3 adjacent the external surface 16 of the outer layer. The grooves of each strip 3 are parallel to each other and can have identical cross-sectional outlines in undeformed condition of the respective strip. The provision of two or more grooves enhances the elasticity of tha respective strip 3 in the region of the external surface 16 of the outer layer 2 which is composed of one, two or more helically convoluted strips. The mutual spacing 65 (E`IG. 4) of open sides of neighboring grooves in a strip 3 (and hence the distance of each groove 64 from the lateral surface 10 of the respective strip) depends upon certain parameters of the web 17, particularly on the flexibility and thickness of the web. The spacing 65 is less if the web 17 to be treated is thin and/or readily flexible.
The thickness and/or flexibility of the web 17 further ~¢~;9i,r3~
cletermines the lead of the convolutions 18, 19 which form the ou-ter layer 2.
The distance 31 between t`he lateral surfaces 10 and 11 of a strip 3 can be between 5 and 30 mm. If a strip 3 has two grooves, the distance 31 between its lateral surfaces 10 and 11 can be between 12 and 30 mm;
on the other hand, the width of a strip havin~ a sincJle groove (see E'IG. 5) need not exceed :L0 mm and preferably should not be less than 5 mm.
FIG. 3 shows that the convolutions 18 and 19 of one of the two strips 3 Eorm one half 35 and the convolutions of the other strip 3 together form the other half 36 o-f the outer layer 2. The symmetry plane between the two hales 35, 36 is normal to the axis of the core 1 and is or can be located midway between the two ends 5, 6 of the core. The lead of convolutions 18/ 19 in one of the halves 35, 36 is a left-hand lead and the other lead is a right-hand lead. This enhances the ability of the external surface 16 of the outer layer 2 to spread the - 20 runnin~ web 17 in the axial direction of the roller, namely from the center (where the two halves 35~ 36 abut) toward the respective ends 5, 6 of the core 1. The abutting ends of the two halves 35, 36 of the outer layer 2 are shown in FIG. 3, as at 37 and 38.
It is equally within the purview of the invention to employ an outer layer which consists of a single strip or of three or more strips. The lead of convolutions of two or more strips can be identical or different.
The material of each strip 3 i5 preferably , ~
, elastic. Such strips can be made of rubber or an elastomeric plastic material. As mentioned above, the inner sides 12 of the strips 3 are or can be bonded to the peripheral surface 9 of the core by resorting to a suitable adhesive. It is preferred to subject the peripheral surfaces 9 to a sllitable treatment which ensures reliable re-tention of one or more convoluted strips 3 on the core 1. For example, the peripheral surface 9 can be roughened by sand blasting or in any other suitable way preparatory to the application of one or more films of adhesive which i9 to bond the strip or strips 3 to the core 1. E~lowever, it is also possible to provide the core 1 with a very smooth (e.g., highly polished) peripheral surface 9 if the nature of the bond between the core and the outer layer 2 is such that the convolutions of the strip or strips 3 will properly adhere to a smooth surface.
The stretching or expanding action of the outer layer 2 depends on the hardness of its material. As a rule, the hardness of the material of the outer layer 2 is between 35 and 45 Shore.
The core 1 can be made of steel or another metallic material (e.g., aluminum or an aluminum alloy).
It is also possible to make the core 1 of a non-metallic material, e.g., hard rubber.
The method of making the improved roller is as follows: The number of grooves in each strip 3 is selected in dependency on the desired lead of the pro~iles 14 in the respective half of the external surface 16. The stubs 7, 8 of the core 1 are then 2~ 70 mounted in a machine (e.g., a lathe) which can rotate the core about its axis. The peripheral surface 9 is treated in the aforedescribed manner to ensure the establishment of a reliable bond between t'he core 1 and the inner side 12 of each s-trip 3. E'or example, the surface 9 can be sand blacted prior to the application oE one or more films of adhesive (e.g., by sprayiny or by means of one or more brushes). The exact composition of the adhesive will depend upon the finish of the surface 9 and on the nature of the material of the strip or strips 3 as well as on the desired quality of the 'bond between the core and the outer layer.
If the outer layer 2 is to be composed of a single strip 3, such strip i5 convoluted onto -the rotating core 1 starting at one of the ends 5, 6 and proceeding toward the other end. If the outer layer 2 is to be assembled of two convoluted strips 3, the ends 37, 38 of the respective strips are affixed to the median portion of the peripheral surface 9 (FIG. 3) and the two strips are then convoluted in a manner as shown in FIG.
1, i.e., in directions toward the respective ends oE the core. The two strips 3 can be convoluted onto the core 9 simultaneously or one after t'he other. The tensioning of strips 3 during winding onto the core 1 will determine the extent to which the edges 53 of the lips 45, 48, 145 project beyond the major por-tion of the external surface 16 when the making of the outer layer 2 is completed and prior to deformation of such lips by a running web 17.
The exact configuration of the external surface 16 in undeformed condition of the outer layer 2 will depend : . .
, ' ' 3~70 upon the characteristics of the web 17 which is to be treated by the respective expander roller. The selected tensioning of a strip 3 during winding onto the core 1 determines the elasticity of its lip or lips, i.e., the elasticity of the lip or lips is less pronounced lf -the strip which is being convoluted onto the core 1 is subjected to a pronounced tensional stress.
The end 37 of the left-hand hale 35 of the outer layer 2 oE FIG. 3 can be trimmed prior to attachment of t'he end 38 of t'he other strip 3 if the two strips are convoluted onto the core one a-Eter the other.
The tensioning of the second strip 3 (during winding onto the core 1) is preferably identical -to the tensioning of the first strip. The strips 3 are severed (at 5 and ~) when t'he ma]cing oE the respective 'halves 35, 36 of t'he outer layer 2 is completed.
If a machine is used Eor the treatment of different types of webs 17, i-t can be furnished with two or more identical cores 9 each of which carries a different outer layer Z. This renders it possible to simply replace a first expander roller with a different second expander roller if the machine is to be set up for the unwinding, conveying, winding and/or other -treatment of different webs each of which is to be stretched or expanded by a different outer layer 2.
If a machine is to employ a very long and heavy expander roller, the core 1 o-E such roller can be installed in the machine at the locus of use of the assembled roller, and the strip or strips 3 are convoluted onto the thus installed core. An advantage of 7~
such procedure is that it is not necessary to employ specially designed lathes or other machines for temporary installation and rotation of a very long and heavy core;
instead, such core is rotated by the drive which is used to rotate the Eully assembled expander roller in a paper making plant, in a textile factory or in another establishment wherein webs of paper, tex-tile, foil or other material are to be convoluted on rol].s, paid out by rolls and/or otherwise treated or manipulated and the treatment or manipulation involves elimination of crea.ses or analogous irregularities and/or prevention of development oE such irregularities in the webs.
FIG. 6 shows the effect of the improved expander roller upon a running web 17. The latter is assumed to run upwardly, as seen in FIG. 6, so that the irregularities 68, 69 :in the web portion 66 ahead of the stretching station disappear or become less pronounced as a result of engagement by the external surface of the roller, and the web portion 67 downstream of the expander roller is devoid of creases or the creases are less pronounced and are uniformly or nearly uniformly distributed across the width of the treated web. The elimination or flattening and distribution of irregularities 68, 69 is attributable to the provision of grooves (the grooves 15 are shown in E`IG. 6) as well as to the provision of the adjacent lips 45. The grooves 15 and the lips 45 further eliminate or uniformly distribute internal stresses (if any) in t`he running web 17 Internal stresses in the web portion which is about to contact the external surface of the outer layer 2 (a-t 70 7~
in FIG. 6) are uniformly distributed at the open 5 ides of the grooves 15, and -the irregularities 6~, 69 are eliminated or weakened and distributed across the width of the web under the action of the lips ~S. The lips undergo deformation to vary the width of open sides of the adjacent grooves 15, and such deformation of the lips 45 ensures predictable elimination or desirable uniform distribution of internal stresses in the oncoming por-tions of the running web. ~t the same time, the lips 45 stretch or expand the running web in directions from the center of the roller toward both ends of the core 1 with attendant elimination or weakening and d~stribution of irregularities 6~ and 69. Extensive flexing of the lips 45 will influence the running web 17 in a number of ways, such as by bringing about the aforediscussed ~; stretching with attendant at least subs-tantial elimination of irregularities as well as by eliminating or homogeneously distributing internal stresses in the material of the running web.
An important advantage of the improved expander ; roller is its simplicity. Thus, the strip or strips 3 can be pretreated (formed with one or more grooves of desired inclination, depth and width) prior to winding onto the core 1. This is simpler and less expensive than the grinding or other machining of grooves into the external surface of a one-piece hollow cylindrical outer layer which already surrounds the core. The adhesive which is used to bond the strip or strips 3 to the core 1 can be selected with a view to permit removal of the outer layer preparatory to treatment of the peripheral `:
r3~7~
surface 9 for reception of a different outer layer.
This, too, contributes to versatility of the improved roller and reduces the overall cost of the machine in which the roller is put to use. The strip or strips 3 can be mass-produced in an available extruding machine which can turn out considerable lengths of strip material per unit of time. All this contributes to lower cost of the improved roller. Replacement oE a first ~uter layer 2 with a fresh outer layer wherein the exterrlal surface 16 has a different profile which i5 best suited for the treatment of a particular w~b can be completed at a small Eraction of the cost of a new expander roller, particularly a conventional roller wherein the core must be provided with a homogeneous one-piece outer layer of rubber or the like and the external surface of such outer layer must be treated in a grinding or other material removing machine to provide a proEile which is capable of stretching a running web.
The diameter of the external surface 16 of the improved roller can be selected in dependency upon the characteristics of the web 17 by the simple expedient of utilizing one or more thicker or thinner strips 3 and/or by properly selecting the tensional stress upon tha strip or strips during winding onto the core 1.
It has been found that the improved expander roller can be used for highly satisfactory treatment of all kinds of running webs including webs made of any one of a variety of different materials as well as wide or narrow webs and readily flexible or relatively stiff and relatively thin and relatively thic1c webs. The running web can be maintained in large-area contact with the outer layer 2 because the lips of the ou-ter layer are or can be readily deformable. This is particularly desirable when the improved roller is to treat a relatively thin and readily ~lexible web which would be likely to develop pronounced creases, fold lines and/or other irregularities as a result of engagement with rigid radially outwardly projecting portions of the outer layer. The open sides o-f the grooves 15 and/or additional grooves permit entry of irregularities (such as those shown at 6g and 69 in E'IG. 6) to thereupon dis-tribute the irregularities all the way between the two marginal portions of the web and to thus contribute to the development of less pronounced irregularities or to render the treated portion of the web devoid of any creases or the li`ke. E'urthermore, uniform distribution of internal stresses across the width of the running web reduces or terminates the tendency of the web to develop creases or other irregularities on its way beyond the improved expander roller, e.g., toward and onto the core of a takeup reel.
The convolutions of each strip 3 on the peripheral surface 9 of the core 1 are preferably - immediately or very closely adjacent each other so that the external surface 16 of the thus obtained outer layer 16 is a cylindrical surface which is interrupted only at the locations of intentional profiling, i.e., in the regions of open sides of the grooves in the strips 3~
rhe outwardly extending portions 59 of the lips (at the respective edges 53) are first to be contacted by the z~ o adjacent side of a running web 17. Tllus, such lips can eliminate or distribute internal stresses even before the web reaches and engages the major portion of the external surface 16. The distribution of internal stresses is completed not later than when an increment of the running web advances beyond the external surface 16. As mentioned above, this greatly reduces or terminates the tendency oE the web to develop fresh wrinkles, creases, '! fold lines and/or other irre!gularities.
The lips of the outer layer 2 react to characteristic vibrations of the running web 17. Such characteristic vibrations depend on the length of unsupported portion of the web upstream and/or downstream of the expander roller. Furthermore, characteristic and other vibra-tions of the running web depend upon the extent to which the web is guided and restrained against stray movements on its way toward the roller and/or upon the extent (if any) to which the roller is running out of ` true.
As mentioned above, it is possible to form the entire outer layer 2 from a single strip 3 or from three ~- or more strips. The utilization of two strips 3 and the ^` winding of two strips in a manner as shown in FIG. 1, 3 and 6 is preferred at this time for three important reasons, namely: The two mirror symmetrical halves 35, 36 of the outer layer 2 ensure a highly satisfactory and uniform stretching of the running web 17 from the abutting ends 37, 38 of the strips 3 at the center of the roller toward both ends of the core 1. Furthermore, the `~ 30 two helical grooves 15 or the two sets of helical grooves .~
:~ .
: . :
:
3~3~70 ;
ensure a desirable distribution and homogenization of internal stresses even before the running we~ 17 comes into large-area contact with the external surface 16 of the outer layer 2. Moreover, the flexible lips of the outer layer produce a desirable damping action of the locus (70) of initial contact with the running web 17 and at the locus where the web advances beyond the external surface 16.
The shape of the lips depen~s upon a variety of factors, such as the dia~eter of the external surface 16, the tension of the strip or strips 3 during winding onto the core 1, and the material oE the strip or strips.
Some or all of these factors are taken into consideration during making of the improved roller in order to ensure optimal treatment of the webs. Moreover, it is possible to balance various parameters in order to enhance the versatility of the roller, i.e., a relatively small ; number of rollers will suffice to ensure adequate treatment of any one of a variety of different webs, such as thick or thin webs, wide or narrow webs, strongly ; creased or relatively smooth webs, webs which are accurately guided during advancement toward contact with the outer layer of the selected roller and/or webs having long unsupported stretches ahead o the expanding or stretchin~ station.
The lead of convolutions on the core 1 will depend on the width of the strip or strips which are used to make the outer layer 2. Another factor which determines the lead of convolutions (and hence the stretching action) is the hardness or elasticity of -the ~ J~3~7(1 material of -the strip or strips. 'I'he roller i5 ready for use as soon as the strip or stxips are applied to and adhere to the peripheral surface ~ of the core 1, i.e., it is not necessary to subject the thus obtained outer layer 2 to any additional treatment. The roller can be inserted into and removed from the frame of the web treating machine as often as desired without any alterations of the roller and/or of other parts oE t'he machine. ~ roller can be main-talned in a position of readiness to replace the previously used roller as soon as the treatment of a particular web or a series of ': identical or similar webs is completed.
, It is further within the purview of the invention to employ strips 3 which have exactly parallel lateral surfaces 10 and 11. It is presently preferred to employ strips with convergent lateral surfaces (i.e., strips wherein the width 31 at the external surface 16 of the finished outer layer 2 is greater than the width of the inner sides 12) because such strips render it possible to form an external surface 16 which is interrupted only and alone where actually desired, i.e., at the gaps which are intentionally provided in the strips prior to winding of such strips onto the core 1.
This is particularly impor-tant when the strip or strips 3 are relatively narrow so that they would tend to bulge outwardly at the external surface 16 of the finished outer layer 2, especially if the lead of the convoluted strips is rather pronounced. As a rule, neighboring convolutions of a strip 3 which surrounds the core 1 will be placed close to each other so that the lateral surface o 10 abuts the lateral surface 11, at least in the region of the external surface 16. This reduces the tendency of neighboring convolutions of a web 3 to shift relative to each other upon completion of the outer layer. The extent of frictional engagement between abutting surEaces 10, 11 on neighboring convolutions of a strip 3 can be selected with a view to avoi.d any undesirable stray movements of portions of the strip or strips relative to the core. However, it is also possible to intentionally design the outer layer 2 in such a way that the neighboring convolutions of each strip 3 define clearances of selected width. Such clearance3 can act not unlike additional gaps or slots.
.~
:`
- 10 ~ach strip can contain or can consist of rubber or other (e.g., plastic) elastomeric material. Means can be provided for bonding the strip or strips to the peripheral surface of the core.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic of the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The improved expander roller itself, however, both as to its construction and -the mode of making and using the same, together with additional features and advantages thereof, will be best understood upon perusal of the ~ollowing detailed description of certain presently preferred specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing.
FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a core and of two discrete strips which are partially convolu-ted onto the core;
E'IG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the assembled expander roller and a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of a running web, substantially as seen in the direction of arrows from the line II-II in FIG. 4;
FIG. 3 is an elevational view of the assembled ';
,~
_ g , :
.~
expander roller and a transverse sectional view of a web;
~ 'IG. ~ is an enlarged fragmentary axial sectional view of the expancler roller and of a web which is in contact with the external surface o~ the outer layer of the roller;
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged fraymentary axial sectional view of the core and of one of a strip which is convoluted onto the peripheral surface of thc? core and - has a single groove; and E'IG. 6 is an elevational view of an expander roller in front of a web which 3.S being stretched by the profiled outer layer of the roller.
The improved expander roller comprises an . elongated rotary core 1 having a cylindrical peripheral .- surface 9, and an outer layer 2 composed of two helica:Lly convoluted strips 3. The lateral surfaces 10, 11 of each strip 3 are immediately adjacent each other or abut at 4 to form two helices which are mirror symmetrical to each other with reference to a plane extending at right angles to the axis of the core 1 and being disposed between the two strips. The ends 5, 6 of the core 1 are provided with smaller~diameter stubs 7, 8 which can be installed in bearings (not shown) forming part of the frame of a machine in which the improved expander roller is put to i~ use.
As can be seen in E'IG. 5, the lateral surfaces 10, 11 of each of the illustrated strip 3 converge slightly toward each other in a direction from the at least substantially cylindrical external surface 16 of the outer layer 2 toward the peripheral surface g oE the o core 1, and the inner side 12 of each strip 3 is honded to the adjacent portion of the externa] surface 9 by a suitable adhesive indicated by a legend. ~:ach of the strips 3 has a substan-tially trapezoidal outline ~6.
In accordance with a feature of the invention, each strip 3 is provided with at least one groove 15 which has a triangular cross-sectional outline (in undeEormed condition of the outer layer 2~ and extends from t'he external surface 16 toward but short of the peripheral surface 9, i.e., toward but short of the inner side 12 oE the respective strip. The c~rooves 15 impart to the external surface 16 oE the outer layer 3 a profile 14 whic'h induces a web 17 of textile, paper, foil or other material to expand, i.e., -to increase (or to tend to increase) its width and to thereby eliminate or at least render less pronounced any fold lines, creases and/or other irregularities which could affect the appearance and/or fuxt'her treatment of the web. ~ach groove 15 is adjacent a lip 45 which extends between an inner surface 57 of the respective strip 3 and the external surface 16 and has a rather pronounced helical edge 53 at the external surface 1~. Those portions of each lip 45 which are immediately adjacent the respective edge 53 are readily deformable and can be flexed toward and away from the second internal surface 55 in the respective groove 15. The angle 52 (FIG. 4) between the external surface 16 and the adjacent internal surface 57 (in undefor~ed condition of the outer layer 2) is a relatively small acute angle, e.g., an angle between 30 and 50 degrees. The magnitude of the angle 52 depends .~ i . . . .. . . ... .
Z~ 70 upon the extent of stretc'hiny oE the respective strip 3 durin~ winding onto the peripheral surface ~ of the core 1.
The reference character 54 denotes the length of the internal surface 57 in a direction ~rom the external surface 16 toward -the peripheral surface 9. 'I'he distance 30 between the deepmost point 63 of a groove 15 and t`he peripheral surface 12 depends on a number of factors but is yenerally between 2 and 6 mm. 'rhose portions (one shown at 59 in FIG. 5) of the external surface 16 of the outer layer 2 which are immediately adjacent the edges 53 oE the deformable lip5 45'have a concave outline and slope gently in a direction outwardly and away Erom the main or major portion of the externa]
surface 16 through a distance of preferably 0.2 to ;'' 0.7 mm. The portions 59 of t'he external surface 16 are moved toward the axis of the core 1 when the improved roller is in actual use, i.e., when the external surface 16 i5 en~aged by a running web 17. This can be seen in FIG. 4, as at 58, i~e., the concave portions 5~ of the external surface 16 become cylindrical and are coplanar with the adjacent portions of the major part of the surface 16.
The width of the open end of each groove 15 at the external sur-face 16 of the outer layer 2 in undeformed condition of this outer layer is preferably between 0.8 and 1.5 mm. The angle 62 (FIG. 4) between the internal surfaces 55 and 57 in each groove 15 is preferably a small or very small acute angle, e.g., an angle of less than 15 degrees. The internal surface 57 .:
.
: . :
~ .
z~ o , and/or 55 are or can be straight (as seen in the direction from the external surface 16 toward the peripheral surface 9) in undeformed condition o~ the outer layer 2.
The e]asticity of the readily ~e~ormable portion of each lip ~5 in the region of the respective edge 53 is preferably suf~iciently pronounced to enable such readily deforlTIable portion to move back and ~orth toward and away from the respective internal surface 55 in actual use of the expander roller, i.e., when the external surface 16 is engaged by a running w~b 17 and the latter alternately deforms and releases successive increments of each lip ~5.
The aforediscussed distance 30 between the deepmost portion 63 of a groove 15 and the peripheral surface 9 of the core 1 is selected with a view to ensure that the respective strip 3 is not likely to break or crack between the deepmost portion 63 and its inner side 12 as a result of repeated flexing of the adjacent lip ~5 by the running web 17 in actual use oE the improved ~- expander roller.
The thickness 60 of the outer layer 2 (i.e., the distance between the peripheral surface 9 and the external surface 16) depends upon the elasticity of the material of the outer layer 2 and is preferably between approximately 6 and 12 mm.
The lead of convolutions 18 and 19 (FIG. 3) of the strips 3 depends upon the width oE such strips (i.e., on the distance 31 between the respective lateral surfaces 10 and 11). The lead of the convolutions 18 and "
.
]9 is less pronounced if each of the strips 3 is provided with a single groove 15. ~i'IG. 4 shows that each of the strips 3 can be provided with a plurality of grooves including the aforediscussed groove 15, a second groove 64 adjacent a lip 4~, and a third or median groove 115 adjacent a lip 145. The lead of a convoluted strip 3 which has several grooves is or can be more pronounced than that of a strip having a lesser number of grooves.
Each groove has an open side at the external surface 16, and the shortest distance between two neighboring grooves (15, 115 or 115, 64) in a strip 3 preferably equals or approximates the distance of the deepmost portion of the groove 64 from the adjacent lateral surface 10. Each groove lS of FIG. 4 is provided in the lateral surface 11 of the respective strip 3 adjacent the external surface 16 of the outer layer. The grooves of each strip 3 are parallel to each other and can have identical cross-sectional outlines in undeformed condition of the respective strip. The provision of two or more grooves enhances the elasticity of tha respective strip 3 in the region of the external surface 16 of the outer layer 2 which is composed of one, two or more helically convoluted strips. The mutual spacing 65 (E`IG. 4) of open sides of neighboring grooves in a strip 3 (and hence the distance of each groove 64 from the lateral surface 10 of the respective strip) depends upon certain parameters of the web 17, particularly on the flexibility and thickness of the web. The spacing 65 is less if the web 17 to be treated is thin and/or readily flexible.
The thickness and/or flexibility of the web 17 further ~¢~;9i,r3~
cletermines the lead of the convolutions 18, 19 which form the ou-ter layer 2.
The distance 31 between t`he lateral surfaces 10 and 11 of a strip 3 can be between 5 and 30 mm. If a strip 3 has two grooves, the distance 31 between its lateral surfaces 10 and 11 can be between 12 and 30 mm;
on the other hand, the width of a strip havin~ a sincJle groove (see E'IG. 5) need not exceed :L0 mm and preferably should not be less than 5 mm.
FIG. 3 shows that the convolutions 18 and 19 of one of the two strips 3 Eorm one half 35 and the convolutions of the other strip 3 together form the other half 36 o-f the outer layer 2. The symmetry plane between the two hales 35, 36 is normal to the axis of the core 1 and is or can be located midway between the two ends 5, 6 of the core. The lead of convolutions 18/ 19 in one of the halves 35, 36 is a left-hand lead and the other lead is a right-hand lead. This enhances the ability of the external surface 16 of the outer layer 2 to spread the - 20 runnin~ web 17 in the axial direction of the roller, namely from the center (where the two halves 35~ 36 abut) toward the respective ends 5, 6 of the core 1. The abutting ends of the two halves 35, 36 of the outer layer 2 are shown in FIG. 3, as at 37 and 38.
It is equally within the purview of the invention to employ an outer layer which consists of a single strip or of three or more strips. The lead of convolutions of two or more strips can be identical or different.
The material of each strip 3 i5 preferably , ~
, elastic. Such strips can be made of rubber or an elastomeric plastic material. As mentioned above, the inner sides 12 of the strips 3 are or can be bonded to the peripheral surface 9 of the core by resorting to a suitable adhesive. It is preferred to subject the peripheral surfaces 9 to a sllitable treatment which ensures reliable re-tention of one or more convoluted strips 3 on the core 1. For example, the peripheral surface 9 can be roughened by sand blasting or in any other suitable way preparatory to the application of one or more films of adhesive which i9 to bond the strip or strips 3 to the core 1. E~lowever, it is also possible to provide the core 1 with a very smooth (e.g., highly polished) peripheral surface 9 if the nature of the bond between the core and the outer layer 2 is such that the convolutions of the strip or strips 3 will properly adhere to a smooth surface.
The stretching or expanding action of the outer layer 2 depends on the hardness of its material. As a rule, the hardness of the material of the outer layer 2 is between 35 and 45 Shore.
The core 1 can be made of steel or another metallic material (e.g., aluminum or an aluminum alloy).
It is also possible to make the core 1 of a non-metallic material, e.g., hard rubber.
The method of making the improved roller is as follows: The number of grooves in each strip 3 is selected in dependency on the desired lead of the pro~iles 14 in the respective half of the external surface 16. The stubs 7, 8 of the core 1 are then 2~ 70 mounted in a machine (e.g., a lathe) which can rotate the core about its axis. The peripheral surface 9 is treated in the aforedescribed manner to ensure the establishment of a reliable bond between t'he core 1 and the inner side 12 of each s-trip 3. E'or example, the surface 9 can be sand blacted prior to the application oE one or more films of adhesive (e.g., by sprayiny or by means of one or more brushes). The exact composition of the adhesive will depend upon the finish of the surface 9 and on the nature of the material of the strip or strips 3 as well as on the desired quality of the 'bond between the core and the outer layer.
If the outer layer 2 is to be composed of a single strip 3, such strip i5 convoluted onto -the rotating core 1 starting at one of the ends 5, 6 and proceeding toward the other end. If the outer layer 2 is to be assembled of two convoluted strips 3, the ends 37, 38 of the respective strips are affixed to the median portion of the peripheral surface 9 (FIG. 3) and the two strips are then convoluted in a manner as shown in FIG.
1, i.e., in directions toward the respective ends oE the core. The two strips 3 can be convoluted onto the core 9 simultaneously or one after t'he other. The tensioning of strips 3 during winding onto the core 1 will determine the extent to which the edges 53 of the lips 45, 48, 145 project beyond the major por-tion of the external surface 16 when the making of the outer layer 2 is completed and prior to deformation of such lips by a running web 17.
The exact configuration of the external surface 16 in undeformed condition of the outer layer 2 will depend : . .
, ' ' 3~70 upon the characteristics of the web 17 which is to be treated by the respective expander roller. The selected tensioning of a strip 3 during winding onto the core 1 determines the elasticity of its lip or lips, i.e., the elasticity of the lip or lips is less pronounced lf -the strip which is being convoluted onto the core 1 is subjected to a pronounced tensional stress.
The end 37 of the left-hand hale 35 of the outer layer 2 oE FIG. 3 can be trimmed prior to attachment of t'he end 38 of t'he other strip 3 if the two strips are convoluted onto the core one a-Eter the other.
The tensioning of the second strip 3 (during winding onto the core 1) is preferably identical -to the tensioning of the first strip. The strips 3 are severed (at 5 and ~) when t'he ma]cing oE the respective 'halves 35, 36 of t'he outer layer 2 is completed.
If a machine is used Eor the treatment of different types of webs 17, i-t can be furnished with two or more identical cores 9 each of which carries a different outer layer Z. This renders it possible to simply replace a first expander roller with a different second expander roller if the machine is to be set up for the unwinding, conveying, winding and/or other -treatment of different webs each of which is to be stretched or expanded by a different outer layer 2.
If a machine is to employ a very long and heavy expander roller, the core 1 o-E such roller can be installed in the machine at the locus of use of the assembled roller, and the strip or strips 3 are convoluted onto the thus installed core. An advantage of 7~
such procedure is that it is not necessary to employ specially designed lathes or other machines for temporary installation and rotation of a very long and heavy core;
instead, such core is rotated by the drive which is used to rotate the Eully assembled expander roller in a paper making plant, in a textile factory or in another establishment wherein webs of paper, tex-tile, foil or other material are to be convoluted on rol].s, paid out by rolls and/or otherwise treated or manipulated and the treatment or manipulation involves elimination of crea.ses or analogous irregularities and/or prevention of development oE such irregularities in the webs.
FIG. 6 shows the effect of the improved expander roller upon a running web 17. The latter is assumed to run upwardly, as seen in FIG. 6, so that the irregularities 68, 69 :in the web portion 66 ahead of the stretching station disappear or become less pronounced as a result of engagement by the external surface of the roller, and the web portion 67 downstream of the expander roller is devoid of creases or the creases are less pronounced and are uniformly or nearly uniformly distributed across the width of the treated web. The elimination or flattening and distribution of irregularities 68, 69 is attributable to the provision of grooves (the grooves 15 are shown in E`IG. 6) as well as to the provision of the adjacent lips 45. The grooves 15 and the lips 45 further eliminate or uniformly distribute internal stresses (if any) in t`he running web 17 Internal stresses in the web portion which is about to contact the external surface of the outer layer 2 (a-t 70 7~
in FIG. 6) are uniformly distributed at the open 5 ides of the grooves 15, and -the irregularities 6~, 69 are eliminated or weakened and distributed across the width of the web under the action of the lips ~S. The lips undergo deformation to vary the width of open sides of the adjacent grooves 15, and such deformation of the lips 45 ensures predictable elimination or desirable uniform distribution of internal stresses in the oncoming por-tions of the running web. ~t the same time, the lips 45 stretch or expand the running web in directions from the center of the roller toward both ends of the core 1 with attendant elimination or weakening and d~stribution of irregularities 6~ and 69. Extensive flexing of the lips 45 will influence the running web 17 in a number of ways, such as by bringing about the aforediscussed ~; stretching with attendant at least subs-tantial elimination of irregularities as well as by eliminating or homogeneously distributing internal stresses in the material of the running web.
An important advantage of the improved expander ; roller is its simplicity. Thus, the strip or strips 3 can be pretreated (formed with one or more grooves of desired inclination, depth and width) prior to winding onto the core 1. This is simpler and less expensive than the grinding or other machining of grooves into the external surface of a one-piece hollow cylindrical outer layer which already surrounds the core. The adhesive which is used to bond the strip or strips 3 to the core 1 can be selected with a view to permit removal of the outer layer preparatory to treatment of the peripheral `:
r3~7~
surface 9 for reception of a different outer layer.
This, too, contributes to versatility of the improved roller and reduces the overall cost of the machine in which the roller is put to use. The strip or strips 3 can be mass-produced in an available extruding machine which can turn out considerable lengths of strip material per unit of time. All this contributes to lower cost of the improved roller. Replacement oE a first ~uter layer 2 with a fresh outer layer wherein the exterrlal surface 16 has a different profile which i5 best suited for the treatment of a particular w~b can be completed at a small Eraction of the cost of a new expander roller, particularly a conventional roller wherein the core must be provided with a homogeneous one-piece outer layer of rubber or the like and the external surface of such outer layer must be treated in a grinding or other material removing machine to provide a proEile which is capable of stretching a running web.
The diameter of the external surface 16 of the improved roller can be selected in dependency upon the characteristics of the web 17 by the simple expedient of utilizing one or more thicker or thinner strips 3 and/or by properly selecting the tensional stress upon tha strip or strips during winding onto the core 1.
It has been found that the improved expander roller can be used for highly satisfactory treatment of all kinds of running webs including webs made of any one of a variety of different materials as well as wide or narrow webs and readily flexible or relatively stiff and relatively thin and relatively thic1c webs. The running web can be maintained in large-area contact with the outer layer 2 because the lips of the ou-ter layer are or can be readily deformable. This is particularly desirable when the improved roller is to treat a relatively thin and readily ~lexible web which would be likely to develop pronounced creases, fold lines and/or other irregularities as a result of engagement with rigid radially outwardly projecting portions of the outer layer. The open sides o-f the grooves 15 and/or additional grooves permit entry of irregularities (such as those shown at 6g and 69 in E'IG. 6) to thereupon dis-tribute the irregularities all the way between the two marginal portions of the web and to thus contribute to the development of less pronounced irregularities or to render the treated portion of the web devoid of any creases or the li`ke. E'urthermore, uniform distribution of internal stresses across the width of the running web reduces or terminates the tendency of the web to develop creases or other irregularities on its way beyond the improved expander roller, e.g., toward and onto the core of a takeup reel.
The convolutions of each strip 3 on the peripheral surface 9 of the core 1 are preferably - immediately or very closely adjacent each other so that the external surface 16 of the thus obtained outer layer 16 is a cylindrical surface which is interrupted only at the locations of intentional profiling, i.e., in the regions of open sides of the grooves in the strips 3~
rhe outwardly extending portions 59 of the lips (at the respective edges 53) are first to be contacted by the z~ o adjacent side of a running web 17. Tllus, such lips can eliminate or distribute internal stresses even before the web reaches and engages the major portion of the external surface 16. The distribution of internal stresses is completed not later than when an increment of the running web advances beyond the external surface 16. As mentioned above, this greatly reduces or terminates the tendency oE the web to develop fresh wrinkles, creases, '! fold lines and/or other irre!gularities.
The lips of the outer layer 2 react to characteristic vibrations of the running web 17. Such characteristic vibrations depend on the length of unsupported portion of the web upstream and/or downstream of the expander roller. Furthermore, characteristic and other vibra-tions of the running web depend upon the extent to which the web is guided and restrained against stray movements on its way toward the roller and/or upon the extent (if any) to which the roller is running out of ` true.
As mentioned above, it is possible to form the entire outer layer 2 from a single strip 3 or from three ~- or more strips. The utilization of two strips 3 and the ^` winding of two strips in a manner as shown in FIG. 1, 3 and 6 is preferred at this time for three important reasons, namely: The two mirror symmetrical halves 35, 36 of the outer layer 2 ensure a highly satisfactory and uniform stretching of the running web 17 from the abutting ends 37, 38 of the strips 3 at the center of the roller toward both ends of the core 1. Furthermore, the `~ 30 two helical grooves 15 or the two sets of helical grooves .~
:~ .
: . :
:
3~3~70 ;
ensure a desirable distribution and homogenization of internal stresses even before the running we~ 17 comes into large-area contact with the external surface 16 of the outer layer 2. Moreover, the flexible lips of the outer layer produce a desirable damping action of the locus (70) of initial contact with the running web 17 and at the locus where the web advances beyond the external surface 16.
The shape of the lips depen~s upon a variety of factors, such as the dia~eter of the external surface 16, the tension of the strip or strips 3 during winding onto the core 1, and the material oE the strip or strips.
Some or all of these factors are taken into consideration during making of the improved roller in order to ensure optimal treatment of the webs. Moreover, it is possible to balance various parameters in order to enhance the versatility of the roller, i.e., a relatively small ; number of rollers will suffice to ensure adequate treatment of any one of a variety of different webs, such as thick or thin webs, wide or narrow webs, strongly ; creased or relatively smooth webs, webs which are accurately guided during advancement toward contact with the outer layer of the selected roller and/or webs having long unsupported stretches ahead o the expanding or stretchin~ station.
The lead of convolutions on the core 1 will depend on the width of the strip or strips which are used to make the outer layer 2. Another factor which determines the lead of convolutions (and hence the stretching action) is the hardness or elasticity of -the ~ J~3~7(1 material of -the strip or strips. 'I'he roller i5 ready for use as soon as the strip or stxips are applied to and adhere to the peripheral surface ~ of the core 1, i.e., it is not necessary to subject the thus obtained outer layer 2 to any additional treatment. The roller can be inserted into and removed from the frame of the web treating machine as often as desired without any alterations of the roller and/or of other parts oE t'he machine. ~ roller can be main-talned in a position of readiness to replace the previously used roller as soon as the treatment of a particular web or a series of ': identical or similar webs is completed.
, It is further within the purview of the invention to employ strips 3 which have exactly parallel lateral surfaces 10 and 11. It is presently preferred to employ strips with convergent lateral surfaces (i.e., strips wherein the width 31 at the external surface 16 of the finished outer layer 2 is greater than the width of the inner sides 12) because such strips render it possible to form an external surface 16 which is interrupted only and alone where actually desired, i.e., at the gaps which are intentionally provided in the strips prior to winding of such strips onto the core 1.
This is particularly impor-tant when the strip or strips 3 are relatively narrow so that they would tend to bulge outwardly at the external surface 16 of the finished outer layer 2, especially if the lead of the convoluted strips is rather pronounced. As a rule, neighboring convolutions of a strip 3 which surrounds the core 1 will be placed close to each other so that the lateral surface o 10 abuts the lateral surface 11, at least in the region of the external surface 16. This reduces the tendency of neighboring convolutions of a web 3 to shift relative to each other upon completion of the outer layer. The extent of frictional engagement between abutting surEaces 10, 11 on neighboring convolutions of a strip 3 can be selected with a view to avoi.d any undesirable stray movements of portions of the strip or strips relative to the core. However, it is also possible to intentionally design the outer layer 2 in such a way that the neighboring convolutions of each strip 3 define clearances of selected width. Such clearance3 can act not unlike additional gaps or slots.
.~
:`
Claims (37)
1. An expander roller comprising a substantially cylindrical core having a peripheral surface; and an outer layer surrounding said peripheral surface and including at least one helically convoluted strip, said outer layer including a substantially cylindrical external surface having a profile composed of at least one groove.
2. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said outer layer comprises said one helically convoluted strip and a second helically convoluted strip, said strips being substantial mirror images of each other with reference to a plane which is normal to the axis of said core.
3. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one strip has two lateral surfaces extending between said peripheral surface and said external surface.
4. The expander roller of claim 3, wherein said at least one groove extends from said external surface toward said peripheral surface and said at least one strip has at least one deformable lip adjacent said at least one groove.
5. The expander roller of claim 3, wherein said lateral surfaces converge toward each other in a direction from said external surface toward said peripheral surface.
6. The expander roller of claim 5, wherein said at least one strip has a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional outline.
7. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one strip has a lip disposed between said external surface and said at least one groove and the strip has an internal surface disposed in said at least one groove adjacent said lip and making an acute angle with said external surface.
8. The expander roller of claim 7, wherein said angle is between approximately 30 and 50 degrees.
9. The expander roller of claim 7, wherein said lip is deformable in response to engagement with a running web or sheet of material which is to be expanded as a result of engagement with said external surface while said core rotates about its axis.
10. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one strip has a lip adjacent one side of said at least one groove and also adjacent said external surface, said at least one groove extending from said external surface toward but short of said peripheral surface 50 that said lip is spaced apart from said core.
11. The expander roller of claim 10, wherein said lip has an edge adjacent said external surface and a readily deformable portion adjacent said edge.
12. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said groove is a helical groove and has a width which decreases in a direction from said external surface toward said peripheral surface, the width of said groove at said external surface being between 0.8 and 1.5 mm.
13. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one strip has two internal surfaces which flank said at least one groove and at least one of said surfaces is straight as seen in a direction from said external surface toward said peripheral surface.
14. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one strip comprises at least one lip adjacent said at least one groove, said lip being disposed between said at least one groove and said external surface and having a readily deformable portion adjacent said external surface, said external surface having a substantially concave portion adjacent said lip.
15. The expander roller of claim 14, wherein said at least one lip has an edge adjacent said at least one groove at said external surface, said external surface further having a main portion and said substantially concave portion being adjacent said edge and sloping gradually from said main portion toward said edge in a direction away from the axis of said core through a distance of approximately 0.2 to 0.7 mm.
16. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one groove is a helical groove having a width which decreases from said external surface toward said peripheral surface, said at least one strip having a helical lip between said groove and said external surface and said helical lip having a readily deformable portion adjacent said external surface, said strip further having two internal surfaces disposed in said groove and one of said internal surfaces being adjacent said lip, the other of said internal surfaces being normally spaced apart from said one internal surface and said readily deformable portion of said lip being movable back and forth toward and away from said other internal surface in response to oscillation of said lip.
17. The expander roller of claim 16, wherein said internal surfaces make a small acute angle.
18. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein the width of said outer layer in the radial direction of said core is less than the diameter of said core.
19. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein the width of said outer layer in the radial direction of said core is between approximately 6 and 12 mm.
20. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one groove is machined into said at least one strip.
21. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said profile is composed of a plurality of substantially parallel grooves.
22. The expander roller of claim 21, wherein said grooves are substantially identical.
23. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one strip has two lateral surfaces extending from said external surface to said peripheral surface and said at least one groove is a helical groove provided in one of said lateral surfaces and extending in a direction from said external surface toward said peripheral surface, said profile having a second helical groove substantially parallel to said at least one groove and extending from said external surface toward but short of the other of said lateral surfaces.
24. The expander roller of claim 23, wherein said grooves are spaced apart from each other a first distance in the axial direction of said core and said second groove is spaced apart from said other lateral surface a second distance which equals or approximates said first distance.
25. The expander roller of claim 23, wherein said grooves are open at said external surface and the spacing between said grooves at said external surface in the axial direction of said core is a function of the characteristics of the web or sheet material which is to be expanded by the roller.
26. The expander roller of claim 25, wherein said spacing is a function of the thickness and/or flexibility of the web.
27. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one helically convoluted strip has a lead which is a function of the characteristics of the web to be expanded by the roller.
28. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one helically convoluted strip has a lead which is a function of the diameter of said core.
29. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one groove extends from said external surface toward but short of said peripheral surface, said at least one strip having a portion disposed between said groove and said peripheral surface and having in the radial direction of said core a thickness in the range of 2 and 6 mm.
30. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one strip has two lateral surfaces extending between said external surface and said peripheral surface and being spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of said core a distance of 5 and 30 mm.
31. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said profile includes a second groove which is provided in said external surface and extends toward but short of said peripheral surface, said at least one strip having two lateral surfaces extending from said external surface to said peripheral surface and being spaced apart a distance of 12 to 30 mm in the axial direction of said core.
32. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said profile is composed of a single helical groove and said at least one strip has two lateral surfaces extending from said external surface to said peripheral surface at a distance of 5 to 10 mm from each other in the axial direction of said core.
33. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said outer layer consists of two helically convoluted strips and the lead of one of said helically convoluted strips deviates from the lead of the other of said helically convoluted strips.
34. The expander roller of claim 1, wherein said at least one strip contains an elastomeric material.
35. The expander roller of claim 34, wherein said elastomeric material is rubber.
36. The expander roller of claim 34, wherein said elastomeric material is a plastic material.
37. The expander roller of claim 1, further comprising means for bonding said at least one strip to the peripheral surface of said core.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3903161 | 1989-02-03 | ||
| DE3903161A DE3903161A1 (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-02-03 | BROAD ROLLER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2009170A1 true CA2009170A1 (en) | 1990-08-03 |
Family
ID=6373331
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002009170A Abandoned CA2009170A1 (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1990-02-02 | Expander roller for webs of paper and the like |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0381244B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH02243452A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR900013218A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1027748C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE95503T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU627544B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9000468A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2009170A1 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD292206A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3903161A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0381244T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2047173T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI900478A0 (en) |
| MY (1) | MY106331A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO900476L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA90744B (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT401044B (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1996-05-28 | Koren Erwin | FLAT RING, ESPECIALLY FOR SPREADING ROLLERS, AND ITS DEVICE FOR GUIDING RAIL-SHAPED MATERIALS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| DE19522318A1 (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 1997-01-09 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher | Trigger device |
| US5794758A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1998-08-18 | Scapa Group Plc | Roller apparatus |
| JPH1018171A (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-20 | Hamaguchi Senko Kk | Roll for spreading cloth |
| DE19950175A1 (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2001-04-26 | Werner Muelfarth | Spreader roll for handling continuous film includes an elastic covering containing a spiral region of harder elastic properties |
| DE102005013788A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | System for processing bank notes comprises a sorting device in a sealed housing, and a cleaning device arranged outside the sorting device housing |
| CN102383278A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-21 | 无锡市德赛数码科技有限公司 | Digital starching machine spreading system |
| CN101941611A (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2011-01-12 | 盐城市旭华制鞋机械有限公司 | Film-splitting roll of silica gel strip |
| DE102011107188B4 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2019-09-12 | Rolf Hessenbruch | Spreading roller for lateral spreading of flat webs |
| DE202013001888U1 (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2013-04-18 | Rolf Hessenbruch | Roller for guiding a flat track |
| JP2015044637A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-12 | サトーホールディングス株式会社 | Guide roller of thermal transfer ink ribbon in slitter, and method of guiding thermal transfer ink ribbon by guide roller in slitter |
| CN103991739A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-20 | 苏州比阳特服装设备有限公司 | Edge stripping device of spreading machine |
| CN106544919B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2020-09-04 | 福伊特专利有限公司 | A cover body and spreader roller for spreader roller |
| DE102016005546A1 (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-09 | Rolf Hessenbruch | SPREIZING ROLL FOR THE SIDE WIDTH OF A FLAT MATERIAL RAIL, METHOD FOR SPREADING A FLAT MATERIAL RAIL, AND DEVICE FOR HANDLING FLAT MATERIAL RAILS |
| CN107720369A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-23 | 苏州聚锐机电科技有限公司 | A kind of cloth feeding mechanism of weaving loom |
| CN109968648A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-07-05 | 江苏思源彩印包装有限公司 | A kind of combined type laminating machine of Anti-curling |
| CN113800301A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-12-17 | 江苏坤泰机械有限公司 | Can inject roll of stretching of material margin |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1807511U (en) * | 1959-11-21 | 1960-03-10 | Trockentechnik Kurt Brueckner | COVERAGE FOR WIDE STRETCH ROLLERS IN TEXTILE MACHINES AND THE LIKE. |
| DE1164362B (en) * | 1960-12-16 | 1964-03-05 | Artos Maschb Dr Ing Meier Wind | Spreader roll, especially for fabric webs |
| US3588978A (en) * | 1968-12-18 | 1971-06-29 | Beloit Corp | Grooved roll for paper-making |
| GB1275100A (en) * | 1969-09-05 | 1972-05-24 | Samuel Bingham Company | Improvements in or relating to rolls |
| DE2630335B2 (en) * | 1976-07-06 | 1978-10-05 | Felix Boettcher Gmbh & Co, 5000 Koeln | Spreader roller |
| GB1558465A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1980-01-03 | Masson Scott Thrissell Eng Ltd | Method of manufacture of grooved rollers and grooved rollers manufactured thereby |
| JPS60191955A (en) * | 1984-03-13 | 1985-09-30 | Fuji Pack Syst:Kk | Construction for peripheral surface of conveyance roller of film conveyor |
| DE8501177U1 (en) * | 1985-01-18 | 1986-05-22 | Alpine Ag, 8900 Augsburg | Pull-off device for plastic tubular films |
| DE3613703A1 (en) * | 1986-04-23 | 1987-11-05 | Ludwig Bloemker | Roller, in particular guiding and/or directing roller for flat webs of material, and process for its production |
| DE8700374U1 (de) * | 1987-01-09 | 1987-03-19 | Lüraflex GmbH Gerhard Lückenotto, 40880 Ratingen | Breitstreckwalze für Bahnenwerkstoffe |
| DE8707626U1 (de) * | 1987-05-27 | 1987-08-13 | Alpine Ag, 8900 Augsburg | Abzugsvorrichtung für Schlauchfolien |
-
1989
- 1989-02-03 DE DE3903161A patent/DE3903161A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-01-31 FI FI900478A patent/FI900478A0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-01-31 ZA ZA90744A patent/ZA90744B/en unknown
- 1990-02-01 NO NO90900476A patent/NO900476L/en unknown
- 1990-02-02 KR KR1019900001371A patent/KR900013218A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-02-02 CA CA002009170A patent/CA2009170A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-02-02 BR BR909000468A patent/BR9000468A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-02 JP JP2022314A patent/JPH02243452A/en active Pending
- 1990-02-02 MY MYPI90000168A patent/MY106331A/en unknown
- 1990-02-02 DD DD90337560A patent/DD292206A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-02 AU AU49087/90A patent/AU627544B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-02-03 CN CN90101160A patent/CN1027748C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-02-05 DE DE90102207T patent/DE59002958D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-02-05 EP EP90102207A patent/EP0381244B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-05 ES ES90102207T patent/ES2047173T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-05 AT AT90102207T patent/ATE95503T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-05 DK DK90102207.9T patent/DK0381244T3/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3903161A1 (en) | 1990-08-09 |
| JPH02243452A (en) | 1990-09-27 |
| BR9000468A (en) | 1991-01-15 |
| AU4908790A (en) | 1990-08-09 |
| CN1027748C (en) | 1995-03-01 |
| DD292206A5 (en) | 1991-07-25 |
| NO900476L (en) | 1990-08-06 |
| ATE95503T1 (en) | 1993-10-15 |
| AU627544B2 (en) | 1992-08-27 |
| NO900476D0 (en) | 1990-02-01 |
| ES2047173T3 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
| EP0381244B1 (en) | 1993-10-06 |
| FI900478A0 (en) | 1990-01-31 |
| DE59002958D1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
| KR900013218A (en) | 1990-09-05 |
| DK0381244T3 (en) | 1994-02-14 |
| ZA90744B (en) | 1990-11-28 |
| EP0381244A2 (en) | 1990-08-08 |
| EP0381244A3 (en) | 1991-01-23 |
| CN1049135A (en) | 1991-02-13 |
| MY106331A (en) | 1995-05-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |