CA1323347C - Single swing jaw crushing apparatus with an unobstructed feed opening - Google Patents
Single swing jaw crushing apparatus with an unobstructed feed openingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1323347C CA1323347C CA000583250A CA583250A CA1323347C CA 1323347 C CA1323347 C CA 1323347C CA 000583250 A CA000583250 A CA 000583250A CA 583250 A CA583250 A CA 583250A CA 1323347 C CA1323347 C CA 1323347C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- swing jaw
- hinge
- jaw
- feed opening
- stationary frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
- B02C1/04—Jaw crushers or pulverisers with single-acting jaws
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In a jaw-type rock crusher having a stationary jaw and a cantilevered swing jaw, an enlarged, unobstructed top feed opening with protected swing jaw hinge supports is provided by attaching the upper lateral support arms of the crusher's swing jaw to two preferably single shear hinge supports laterally disposed on either side of the top feed opening. The stationary jaw and swing jaw of the crushing apparatus are supported in a stationary frame having side panel structures which extend upward from the area of the crushing chamber to the height of the swing jaw hinge axis so as to cover the hinge supports of the swing jaw. Preferably the rearward extent of the top feed opening is delineated by a shock-absorbing backwall hingedly attached to the stationary frame behind the swing jaw's hinge supports so that the impact forces of crushable materials fed into the crushing apparatus are absorbed by the backwall.
In a jaw-type rock crusher having a stationary jaw and a cantilevered swing jaw, an enlarged, unobstructed top feed opening with protected swing jaw hinge supports is provided by attaching the upper lateral support arms of the crusher's swing jaw to two preferably single shear hinge supports laterally disposed on either side of the top feed opening. The stationary jaw and swing jaw of the crushing apparatus are supported in a stationary frame having side panel structures which extend upward from the area of the crushing chamber to the height of the swing jaw hinge axis so as to cover the hinge supports of the swing jaw. Preferably the rearward extent of the top feed opening is delineated by a shock-absorbing backwall hingedly attached to the stationary frame behind the swing jaw's hinge supports so that the impact forces of crushable materials fed into the crushing apparatus are absorbed by the backwall.
Description
1 TITLE Oi~ TiiE INVENTION 1 323347 3 A Single Swing Jaw Crushing Apparatus ~ith an 4 Unobstructed Feed Opening.
6 BACXGl~OUN{) OF ' THE INVENTION ' - ' 7 1 ~
B The prese~t invention generally relates to a single 9 ~wing jaw-type of cru~hing apparatus wherein rocks or other crushable ma~erials are crushed in a crushing chamber formed ll below A top feed opening betwe~n a large stationary jaw and 12 an oscillating swing jaw. The invention ~ore particularly-13 relate~ to a 6ingle cwing jaw cxusher hav~ng a can~levered 14 swing jaw design for producing purel, ~ compressive crushing lS forces between the jaws. i 16 Single swing ~aw-type rock crush~ !r~ are ~ell-known and 17 have been used for many years. ~he bas~c principal of such l8 crushers i~ to ~ra~ity feed rocks or other crushable l9 materisl~ lnto a crushinq chamber 6ituated between two massive j2w8~ one and only one of which i5 ~ swing ~aw 21 driven in a rapld oscillatory motion (generally ln the range 22 of 30~-400 r.p.m.~ about an elongatcd hinge pin.
23 Conventional swing jaw designs differ in that they include 24 cantilevered designs Isometimes referred to as "gooseneck"
s~lng jaws) and ~traight ja~: designs. In bcth case., the 26 ~in~ jaw's hinge structure extends all the ~a~ acro~s the 27 top of the crusher ~hereby the crusher's top feed opening 28 throuqh whlch crusha~le~ ar~ ~ed int~i,the crushing chambe~
q~
is formed in the region forward of the swing jaw's hinge axis.
A major difficulty with cantilevered swing jaw designs is that the swing jaw's hinge pin is cantilevered inwardly at the top of the crusher, so that the hinge pin and swing jaw structure itself obstruct the feed opening of the crusher. There is a tendency by users to feed rocks into a crusher which are too large for the crusher to handle and which have to be removed from the feed opening or broken up manually. In large capacity machines where oversized rocks typically range from four to ten tons, auxiliary machines, such as large pneumatic jack hammers, must be used for this purpose. Where access through the feed opening is restricted by the swing jaw hinge structure, as in cantilevered swing jaw designs, it is difficult to insert the ends of these devices at angles which will efficiently accomplish their task.
The above disadvantage of cantilevered swing jaw designs are not generally present in straight swing jaw crushers, such as the Blake-type and overhead eccentric-type crushers. Such crushers have a swing jaw extending in a straight line at downward angle from its overhead full-length hinge. Unlike the cantilevered jaw design, their jaw hinge is generally situated more toward the back of the crusher and therefore the hinge structure does not create a substantial obstruction at the feed opening.
However, there are known and significant disadvantages with straight jaw designs. In the Blake-type crusher, which , .`-.Y
has a toggle drive at the hottom of the jaw, the motion of the swing jaw forces rock upward, causing it to rub against the jaws and to rapidly wear down the jaw plates; there is also essentially no motion of the jaw at the top of the crushing chamber. In the overhead eccentric-type of crusher, wherein the jaw is driven at its top end by an eccentric bearing, the moving jaw forces rock both up and down with similar results. With the cantilevered swing jaw design, the hinge axis for the swing jaw lies on a plane bisecting the crushing chamber so that a straight line and purely compressive crushing force is produced. This substantially reduces jaw plate wear, and generally permits the swing jaw to operate at more strokes per minute for greater capacity and to do so with less power consumption.
Thus, despite the fact that the hinge pin of the inwardly cantilevered swing jaw limits the size of the feed opening to an area forward of the jaw's hinge axis, the cantilevered design provides significant advantages which have led to their widespr~ad use.
A single swing jaw crusher of the above described cantilevered construction is shown in U.S. Pat. No.
4,398,674, to George S. Dremann, wherein it can be seen that the feed opening forward of the swing jaw's hinge pin would generally make the removal of oversized material from the crushing chamber very difficult.
The present invention provides a single swing jaw rock crushing apparatus which has a cantilevered swing jaw design such as shown in the Dremann patent (that is, a single swing jaw crusher with its swing jaw hinge axis over the crushing chamber), but which overcomes the problem encountered by prior cantilevered jaw designs, that of having a restricted feed opening. In the present invention, an enlarged feed opening is provided without sacrificing the advantages of the cantilevered ~aw design, namely, extended jaw plate wear, greater capacity, and lower power consumption. The present invention also provides a cantilevered single swing ~aw crusher wherein the feed opening can more readily be accessed by pneumatic devices for breaking up oversized rock, and wherein the cantilevered swing jaw is comparatively easy to manufacture and assemble with a proper jaw angle.
~lJMMARY OF THE IN~ENTION
The invention pertains to a single swing jaw crushing apparatus wherein a stationary jaw and a cantilevered swing jaw form a crushing chamber below a top feed opening in the crusher's stationary frame. The cantilevered swing jaw has 2 0 a lower jaw section and upper lateral support arms. The upper support arms hingedly connect the swing jaw to lateral hinge supports mounted to the stationary frame near and on opposite sides of the top feed opening. The lateral hinge supports define a horizontal hinge axis which is elevated above the crushing chamber but which does not obstruct the top feed opening of the crusher.
The invention is characterized by the fact that the crusher's stationary frame includes opposed side panel structures which extend from the area of the crushing chamber upward to the swing jaw hinge axis so as to substantially cover the lateral hinge supports. The side panel structures, in addition to defining the width of the crushing chamber, also act to guide incoming crushable material into the crushing chamber such that projectiles do not strike the lateral hinge supports or become lodged in the region of the top feed opening.
In a further aspect of the invention, a shock absorbing backwall means is provided between the side panel structures of the stationary frame and behind the swing jaw's lateral hinge supports. In normal operation, rocks will frequently be fed into the feed opening of the crusher at high velocity and with a horizontal trajectory which causes the rock to strike the structure of the crusher below and at the back of the feed opening. In prior designs, rocks would directly strike the top hinge section of the swing jaw imparting tremendous impact forces on the swing jaw bearing. The shock-absorbing backwall means of the present invention is provided to absorb these impact forces and to reduce the frequency of bearing replacement.
In the illustrated embodiment, the shock-absorbing backwall means is comprised of an impact plate hingedly attached at its upper end to the stationary frame, and a resilient stop means for the bottom free end of the impact plate. The resilient stop means can be secured to the swing jaw or onto the impact plate itself. Such a shock-absorbing wall means would tend to absorb the impact of the incoming LS:lcd -5-projectiles by the recoiling action of the impact plate about its hinge mount on the stationary frame.
In a still further aspect of the invention, the lateral hinge supports for the swing jaw consist of single shear, as opposed to conventional double shear, hinges thereby mitigating the size of the hinge and the problems of the hinge structure projecting into the area of the feed opening.
Therefore, it can be seen that a primary object of the present invention is to provide a single swing jaw crushing apparatus having a cantilevered swing jaw design which does not obstruct the feed opening of the crusher and which at the same time provides a feed opening structure which channels the incoming crushable materials into the crushing chamber without a substantial risk of damage to the swing jaw bearings. Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a single swing jaw crushing apparatus made in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view in side elevation of VLS:lcd -6-the single swing jaw crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 2A is a partial cut-away view of a swing jaw made in accordance with the invention, showing an alternative construction and assembly of the joining member connecting the upper support arms and lower jaw section of the swing jaw.
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the single swing jaw apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 4 is a representational view of the single swing jaw apparatus of FIG. 2 taken generally along the plane "C", showing generally the lateral positioning and arrangement of the upper support arms, the lower jaw section, the joining member for the swing jaw, and the impact plate of the shock-absorbing back wall means.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in side elevation of a lateral hinge support for the swing jaw of the invention.
-Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. l and 2, which best illustrate the overall construction of the invention, show a single swing jaw crushing apparatus, generally denoted by the numeral 11, wherein crushing occurs within a large and massive stationary frame 13. The stationary frame i ~, .. .
,~ , has horizontal front and back strong back members 19, 21, 23 extending between two lateral side panel structures 15, 17 comprised of steel side plates 25, 27, bottom outside footings 29 used for bolting the crushing apparatus to wood skids or a platform, and exterior beam weldments 31 for reinforcement. To provide a steel frame of suitable strength to withstand the impact forces produced by the operating crusher, the frame should be welded together and stress relieved before machining.
Referring to FIG. 2, the stationary frame is seen to carry two opposed and generally vertically oriented jaws 33, 35. A gravity fed and generally vertically aligned crushing chamber 37 formed between the jaws and tapering down to a narrow discharge end 39 at the bottom of the crushing apparatus, receives rock or other crushable materials through the top feed opening 41 in the stationary frame.
The width of the top feed opening is generally defined by the separation of the steel side plates 25, 27 of the-frame's side panel structures while the longitudinal dimensions of the top feed opening are generally delimited by the structural elements surrounding the top of the two opposing jaws, as will be more fully described below. As earlier stated, it is one of the objects of the present invention to maximize the size of this top feed opening to permit larger rocks to be introduced into the tapered crushing chamber and to facilitate access to the crushing chamber for dislodging or manually breaking up oversized rocks.
To suitably reinforce the top of the side plates 25, 27 near the feed opening, the weldments 31 on the side plates include a triangularly shaped box beam structure 32 on the top front portion of the side plates which bounds the feed opening 41. Pipe chases 34 extend through the box beam structure to accommodate plough bolts used to secure replaceable wear plates 36 on the inside of the steel side plates. Bolt holes 38 can be suitably provided in the side plates above the inside ear plates to permit attachment of an infeed chute over the feed opening.
Of the two opposing jaws 33, 35, the jaw 33 shown to the left of FIG. 2 is a static or stationary jaw immovably held back against the frame's upper and lower front strong back members 19, 21 by means of spring loaded retention bolts 45, 47; the jaw 35 shown to the right of FIG. 2 is a cantilevered swing jaw hingedly suspended from the top of the crushing apparatus by hinge means comprised of two lateral hinge supports 49, 51 mounted at the top of the stationary frame on a common horizontal hinge axis A. The upper hinge section 53 of the swing jaw consists of two lateral support arms 55, 57 which hingedly engage the lateral hinge supports on the outside of th~ side panel structures 15, 17. It is seen that in contrast to the unitary hinge and jaw structure of prior design,s the invention's lateral support arms and their lateral hinge supports straddle the crusher ~rame at the frame's top feed opening rather than obstruct the top region 58 between the frame's side panels ~eneath and to the rear of the hinge l axis A.
2The swin;~ ~aw also ,has a lower .ja~ section 59 which 3 oppo~es the stationary jaw to form the cru6hing chamber 37.
6 BACXGl~OUN{) OF ' THE INVENTION ' - ' 7 1 ~
B The prese~t invention generally relates to a single 9 ~wing jaw-type of cru~hing apparatus wherein rocks or other crushable ma~erials are crushed in a crushing chamber formed ll below A top feed opening betwe~n a large stationary jaw and 12 an oscillating swing jaw. The invention ~ore particularly-13 relate~ to a 6ingle cwing jaw cxusher hav~ng a can~levered 14 swing jaw design for producing purel, ~ compressive crushing lS forces between the jaws. i 16 Single swing ~aw-type rock crush~ !r~ are ~ell-known and 17 have been used for many years. ~he bas~c principal of such l8 crushers i~ to ~ra~ity feed rocks or other crushable l9 materisl~ lnto a crushinq chamber 6ituated between two massive j2w8~ one and only one of which i5 ~ swing ~aw 21 driven in a rapld oscillatory motion (generally ln the range 22 of 30~-400 r.p.m.~ about an elongatcd hinge pin.
23 Conventional swing jaw designs differ in that they include 24 cantilevered designs Isometimes referred to as "gooseneck"
s~lng jaws) and ~traight ja~: designs. In bcth case., the 26 ~in~ jaw's hinge structure extends all the ~a~ acro~s the 27 top of the crusher ~hereby the crusher's top feed opening 28 throuqh whlch crusha~le~ ar~ ~ed int~i,the crushing chambe~
q~
is formed in the region forward of the swing jaw's hinge axis.
A major difficulty with cantilevered swing jaw designs is that the swing jaw's hinge pin is cantilevered inwardly at the top of the crusher, so that the hinge pin and swing jaw structure itself obstruct the feed opening of the crusher. There is a tendency by users to feed rocks into a crusher which are too large for the crusher to handle and which have to be removed from the feed opening or broken up manually. In large capacity machines where oversized rocks typically range from four to ten tons, auxiliary machines, such as large pneumatic jack hammers, must be used for this purpose. Where access through the feed opening is restricted by the swing jaw hinge structure, as in cantilevered swing jaw designs, it is difficult to insert the ends of these devices at angles which will efficiently accomplish their task.
The above disadvantage of cantilevered swing jaw designs are not generally present in straight swing jaw crushers, such as the Blake-type and overhead eccentric-type crushers. Such crushers have a swing jaw extending in a straight line at downward angle from its overhead full-length hinge. Unlike the cantilevered jaw design, their jaw hinge is generally situated more toward the back of the crusher and therefore the hinge structure does not create a substantial obstruction at the feed opening.
However, there are known and significant disadvantages with straight jaw designs. In the Blake-type crusher, which , .`-.Y
has a toggle drive at the hottom of the jaw, the motion of the swing jaw forces rock upward, causing it to rub against the jaws and to rapidly wear down the jaw plates; there is also essentially no motion of the jaw at the top of the crushing chamber. In the overhead eccentric-type of crusher, wherein the jaw is driven at its top end by an eccentric bearing, the moving jaw forces rock both up and down with similar results. With the cantilevered swing jaw design, the hinge axis for the swing jaw lies on a plane bisecting the crushing chamber so that a straight line and purely compressive crushing force is produced. This substantially reduces jaw plate wear, and generally permits the swing jaw to operate at more strokes per minute for greater capacity and to do so with less power consumption.
Thus, despite the fact that the hinge pin of the inwardly cantilevered swing jaw limits the size of the feed opening to an area forward of the jaw's hinge axis, the cantilevered design provides significant advantages which have led to their widespr~ad use.
A single swing jaw crusher of the above described cantilevered construction is shown in U.S. Pat. No.
4,398,674, to George S. Dremann, wherein it can be seen that the feed opening forward of the swing jaw's hinge pin would generally make the removal of oversized material from the crushing chamber very difficult.
The present invention provides a single swing jaw rock crushing apparatus which has a cantilevered swing jaw design such as shown in the Dremann patent (that is, a single swing jaw crusher with its swing jaw hinge axis over the crushing chamber), but which overcomes the problem encountered by prior cantilevered jaw designs, that of having a restricted feed opening. In the present invention, an enlarged feed opening is provided without sacrificing the advantages of the cantilevered ~aw design, namely, extended jaw plate wear, greater capacity, and lower power consumption. The present invention also provides a cantilevered single swing ~aw crusher wherein the feed opening can more readily be accessed by pneumatic devices for breaking up oversized rock, and wherein the cantilevered swing jaw is comparatively easy to manufacture and assemble with a proper jaw angle.
~lJMMARY OF THE IN~ENTION
The invention pertains to a single swing jaw crushing apparatus wherein a stationary jaw and a cantilevered swing jaw form a crushing chamber below a top feed opening in the crusher's stationary frame. The cantilevered swing jaw has 2 0 a lower jaw section and upper lateral support arms. The upper support arms hingedly connect the swing jaw to lateral hinge supports mounted to the stationary frame near and on opposite sides of the top feed opening. The lateral hinge supports define a horizontal hinge axis which is elevated above the crushing chamber but which does not obstruct the top feed opening of the crusher.
The invention is characterized by the fact that the crusher's stationary frame includes opposed side panel structures which extend from the area of the crushing chamber upward to the swing jaw hinge axis so as to substantially cover the lateral hinge supports. The side panel structures, in addition to defining the width of the crushing chamber, also act to guide incoming crushable material into the crushing chamber such that projectiles do not strike the lateral hinge supports or become lodged in the region of the top feed opening.
In a further aspect of the invention, a shock absorbing backwall means is provided between the side panel structures of the stationary frame and behind the swing jaw's lateral hinge supports. In normal operation, rocks will frequently be fed into the feed opening of the crusher at high velocity and with a horizontal trajectory which causes the rock to strike the structure of the crusher below and at the back of the feed opening. In prior designs, rocks would directly strike the top hinge section of the swing jaw imparting tremendous impact forces on the swing jaw bearing. The shock-absorbing backwall means of the present invention is provided to absorb these impact forces and to reduce the frequency of bearing replacement.
In the illustrated embodiment, the shock-absorbing backwall means is comprised of an impact plate hingedly attached at its upper end to the stationary frame, and a resilient stop means for the bottom free end of the impact plate. The resilient stop means can be secured to the swing jaw or onto the impact plate itself. Such a shock-absorbing wall means would tend to absorb the impact of the incoming LS:lcd -5-projectiles by the recoiling action of the impact plate about its hinge mount on the stationary frame.
In a still further aspect of the invention, the lateral hinge supports for the swing jaw consist of single shear, as opposed to conventional double shear, hinges thereby mitigating the size of the hinge and the problems of the hinge structure projecting into the area of the feed opening.
Therefore, it can be seen that a primary object of the present invention is to provide a single swing jaw crushing apparatus having a cantilevered swing jaw design which does not obstruct the feed opening of the crusher and which at the same time provides a feed opening structure which channels the incoming crushable materials into the crushing chamber without a substantial risk of damage to the swing jaw bearings. Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a single swing jaw crushing apparatus made in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view in side elevation of VLS:lcd -6-the single swing jaw crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 2A is a partial cut-away view of a swing jaw made in accordance with the invention, showing an alternative construction and assembly of the joining member connecting the upper support arms and lower jaw section of the swing jaw.
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the single swing jaw apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 4 is a representational view of the single swing jaw apparatus of FIG. 2 taken generally along the plane "C", showing generally the lateral positioning and arrangement of the upper support arms, the lower jaw section, the joining member for the swing jaw, and the impact plate of the shock-absorbing back wall means.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in side elevation of a lateral hinge support for the swing jaw of the invention.
-Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. l and 2, which best illustrate the overall construction of the invention, show a single swing jaw crushing apparatus, generally denoted by the numeral 11, wherein crushing occurs within a large and massive stationary frame 13. The stationary frame i ~, .. .
,~ , has horizontal front and back strong back members 19, 21, 23 extending between two lateral side panel structures 15, 17 comprised of steel side plates 25, 27, bottom outside footings 29 used for bolting the crushing apparatus to wood skids or a platform, and exterior beam weldments 31 for reinforcement. To provide a steel frame of suitable strength to withstand the impact forces produced by the operating crusher, the frame should be welded together and stress relieved before machining.
Referring to FIG. 2, the stationary frame is seen to carry two opposed and generally vertically oriented jaws 33, 35. A gravity fed and generally vertically aligned crushing chamber 37 formed between the jaws and tapering down to a narrow discharge end 39 at the bottom of the crushing apparatus, receives rock or other crushable materials through the top feed opening 41 in the stationary frame.
The width of the top feed opening is generally defined by the separation of the steel side plates 25, 27 of the-frame's side panel structures while the longitudinal dimensions of the top feed opening are generally delimited by the structural elements surrounding the top of the two opposing jaws, as will be more fully described below. As earlier stated, it is one of the objects of the present invention to maximize the size of this top feed opening to permit larger rocks to be introduced into the tapered crushing chamber and to facilitate access to the crushing chamber for dislodging or manually breaking up oversized rocks.
To suitably reinforce the top of the side plates 25, 27 near the feed opening, the weldments 31 on the side plates include a triangularly shaped box beam structure 32 on the top front portion of the side plates which bounds the feed opening 41. Pipe chases 34 extend through the box beam structure to accommodate plough bolts used to secure replaceable wear plates 36 on the inside of the steel side plates. Bolt holes 38 can be suitably provided in the side plates above the inside ear plates to permit attachment of an infeed chute over the feed opening.
Of the two opposing jaws 33, 35, the jaw 33 shown to the left of FIG. 2 is a static or stationary jaw immovably held back against the frame's upper and lower front strong back members 19, 21 by means of spring loaded retention bolts 45, 47; the jaw 35 shown to the right of FIG. 2 is a cantilevered swing jaw hingedly suspended from the top of the crushing apparatus by hinge means comprised of two lateral hinge supports 49, 51 mounted at the top of the stationary frame on a common horizontal hinge axis A. The upper hinge section 53 of the swing jaw consists of two lateral support arms 55, 57 which hingedly engage the lateral hinge supports on the outside of th~ side panel structures 15, 17. It is seen that in contrast to the unitary hinge and jaw structure of prior design,s the invention's lateral support arms and their lateral hinge supports straddle the crusher ~rame at the frame's top feed opening rather than obstruct the top region 58 between the frame's side panels ~eneath and to the rear of the hinge l axis A.
2The swin;~ ~aw also ,has a lower .ja~ section 59 which 3 oppo~es the stationary jaw to form the cru6hing chamber 37.
4 As best seen,in FIG. 4 and a6 more fully describe~ belo~, the lower jaw section, wh~ch i5 disposed between the rame's 6 side panel s,~ruc,tures, is jo~ned to the lateral 6upport arms 7 locat~d on,!the out61de o~ the side pa,nels by meanR o~ an 8 elongated joln~ng.member 61 h3ving latera~ly extending ends 963, 65. ~ , , lOA~ ~hown in FIG. 2, both the ~tationary jaw and lower 11j8W ~ection of the sw~ng jaw ha~e jaw pl~tes 71, 73, of a 12 6uitably hard material, such as Hadfield~ manganese steel.
13 Retention bolts, such as the illu~t~ated retention bolts 75, 14 77, removably hold the jaw plate~ t~ their supportlng jaw frames 67, 69 EO that they can pelriodlcally be replaced.
16 5imilarly, the wear plates 36 secu~ed to the ~nside of the 17 ~teel side plates 25, 27, ~erve as a replaceable lining for 18 the side~ ~f the ~ru6hing chamber.
19 A~ further illustrsted in FIG. 2, the sw~ng jaw is 20 driven about its hinge axis by a toggle drive ~ystem, 21 genera~ly denoted ~y the numeral Bl, which engages the ~ack 22 of the lower end of the swing jaw at ~he toggle seat B2 and 23 whi~h dr~ves the swing ja~ in a rapid 6hort osclllatory 24 motion caused by the pivoting action of toggle plates 83, 85. ~he toggl~ plates are reciprocated by a pitman 87 held 26 aga~nst the lo~er ~ide of a rotating eccentric shat 89 by 27 me~ns o~ a com~ression sprin~ 91 di6posed beneath the toggle 28 plat.e6~ a f~rther jaw retention element 92, compri6ed of a retention rod 93 and a compression spring 95 reacting against a cross-channel member 97 of the stationary frame, attaches to a bracket 99 on the back of the swing jaw's lower jaw section to hold the lower jaw section against the inner toggle plate 83. It can be seen that the toggle drive parts will be held firmly together by the forces of the outer toggle plate 85 bearing against the lower right-hand strong back member 21, and the combined forces of the lower compression spring 91 and retention element 93.
The toggle drive system is enclosed within a housing 101, two sides of which are formed by angled cross walls 013, 105 extending between the frame's steel side plates 25, 27. An oil pan 107 is secured below the housing, and a removable cover plate 109 which permits quick and easy access to the toggle drive mechanism is secured to the top.
Heavy duty self-aligning roller bearings 111 mounted in line-bored bearing housings 110 in the steel side plates carry the eccentric shaft 89. For lubrication of the shaft's roller bearings and other parts of the toggle drive system, an oil bath is provided in the housing by a suitable oil recirculating system (not shown). A flexible diaphragm 114 provides a fluid seal between the swing jaw's toggle seat 82 and inner housing wall 102 and the oil pan 107.
The toggle drive system is powered by an external drive motor (not shown) belted directly to the flywheel 115. The flywheel would normally be provided with a mechanical safety release of a known design such that with a pre-set amount of over-pressure the flywheel "kicks out" to a free-wheeling 1 32~3~/ `
1 condition, removing the drive power from the eccentric fihaft 2 and thereby shut~ing down the crushing action o the 3 apparatus~ ' Such over.-pres6ure i5 often caused by a 4 n~n-crushable.imateriel being introduced into the cru6hing ~ cham~er 37, such as tramp ir~ which after shutdown i6i 6 removed from the crushing chamber ~y a l~g crowbar or 7 pneumat~c device.capabl~ of being inserted into the crushing 8 chamber through the feed opening. AEj above-mentioned, the 9 relative di~iculty of accessing the crushing chamber will be affected by the size of the feed opening, and by ll providing a largex unobstructed feed open~ng in accordance 12 with the invention access t~ the crushing chamber will be 13 facilitated.
14 In reference to the a66embly of the swing jaw of the invention, the elongated jolnin~ member for the upper hlnge l~ and lower jaw section~ of the 6wing jaw consists ~f a Eiteel 17 tube having sufficlent length to extend bey~nd the side 18 panel Eitructures ~f the stationary frame. It will b~
~9 appreciated that while the steel tube is shown as having an out~iide diameter roughly equal to the width of the top of 21 the jaw ~rame, the invent~on is not so limited. For 22 eY.ample, it may be desirable to increa6e the width of the 23 jaw frame relati~e to the tube diameter in order t~ increase 24 the mass of the ~wing jaw. In such a case the gap be~ween the tube ~nd iaw frame can be bridged b~ a suitablc w~laed 26 in rib ~txucture.
27 . Dur~ng assembly, the steel tube 6~ is welded ~t 117, 2B li~ acro6B thc top of the upper endio the swing~jaw frame 1 32~341 69, and after adjusting for a proper ang~llation of the lower jaw section to the support arms, the extended ends of the tube 63 are then welded to the support arms. By providing a swing jaw which is welded together in sections, manufacture and assembly of the swing jaw to proper specifications is substantially simplified as compared to manufacturing the jaw as a unitary structure. This is because adjustment of the jaw angle can be made during final assembly to align the toggle seat 82 with the end of the toggle plate 83. Unless these parts are precisely aligned, the oscillatory motion of the swing jaw will cause tearing in the diaphragm 114.
FIG. 2A shows an alternative configuration for the joining member of the swing jaw wherein, instead of a cylindrical tube as shown in FIG. 2, a generally box-shape joining member is fabricated from elongated steel plates 121, 123, 125 welded to the upper end of the lower jaw section. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, the front wall 126 of the jaw frame extends upwardly to provide a front wall to the joining member between the side panel structures of the stationary frame. On the outside of the side panel structures, the laterally extending ends of the elongated steel plates 121, 123, 125 form three sides of the extended ends of the joining member's box structure; separate short steeI plate sections (not shown) can be used to enclose the box structure on the outside of the side panels.
The swing jaw in accordance with FIG. 2A is assembled in a manner similar to the swing jaw of FIG. 2, in that, the lower jaw section is first fabricated by welding its parts 1 toge~her, and then the extended box end6 of the box-sll3pe 2 joining member.are welded in a proper rot~tion~l orientation 3 to tho lower!ends of the support arms.~
4 It will!be appreciated that the opening 127 ~n the s~de panel structures through which the ioinlng member extends to 6 engage the Isupport arm3 needs to~ suitably be sized to 7 provide eno~g?h clearance to not onl~ allow the joining 8 member to sqing freely, but to prevent pinch point~, that 9 is, small 9~p8 in which flngers o~ a hand can be in~ured.
For conventionally sized machines, the amplltude of the 11 movement of the swing jaw at thi~ ~unction would likely be 12 roughly plus or minus one-quarter of an inch. A clearance 13 of about o~e and one-half lnches is believ~d to be suita~le 19 to prevent pinch point?~.
As best ~hown in ~IG. 2, the ~tationary frame of the 16 crusher includes a removable ~teel buttress 129 having a 17 back cover pla~e 1~0 which encloses the area behind the 18 join~ng member of tbe swing jaw. This steel buttress, which 19 1~ attached at its lower end to a cross beam 133 by securement bolt~ 131, and at its upper end to flanqes 134 21 ~ituated at the top of the ~ertical edge 135 of the steel 22 side pl~te?s, can be remo~?ed for installing the swing jaw in 23 the 6tationary frame. The bu~tress also provides an u~per 24 cros?~ member 137 from which a shoc~-absorbinc wall means can be anchored as describ~d belo~.
26 As abo~?e-mentioned, rock is fed into the crushing 27 apparatu~' feed chamber th1-ouah the to~ feed opening 4~.
28 This rock ls typically fed t31rough t~a ~eed openin~ from an ,".', `'', ~t 1 infeed chute 141 which can in turn be loaded from ~ conveyor 2 system or ~rj~ectlly from large carthl,dlgging or hauling 3 machinery or vehicles. The rock will normally slide ln on 4 the chute at xelatively high velocities in a ~ufficiently horizontal d~rection to cau6e th~ rock to strike the swing 6 jaw structure opposite the chute, In order tc ab~orb the 7 impa~t force of the incoming rock and to prevent the large 8 impact forces~rom being transmitted directly to the 9 bearings of the lateral hinge supports, a shock-ab60rbing back wall means is pro~ided ln front of th~ ~wi~g jaw' 8 11 jo1ning member. and the upper part of the lower jaw section 12 of the ~wing jaw.
13 As best illu~trated in FIG. 2, the ~hock-absorbing back 14 wall meanslis comprised of a vertical impact plate 143 ~ttached to the cross member 137 of buttress 129 near the 16 top of the stationary ~rame by means of double hinges 145 17 which allow for rebound movement a~ the top o the p}ate.
18 The impact plate depend~ from its double h~nge axis 19 downwardly to a position where its free end 147 iB sitUBted near the top of the lower jaw ~ecti~n, thus covering the 21 swing jaw joining member 61. A resilient ~top ~ean~ in the 22 form of a rubber block 14~ or other resilient material i5 23 secured to the joining member to provide a stop for the free 24 end of the impact plate. Thus, it can be seen that high velo~ity rock6 $ed through the fee~ opening at a high 26 horizontal traje~t~ry will strike the impact plate which in 2~ turn will largel~ deflect the impact force by hingedly 2B recoiling again~t the shock-absorbing rubber block.
.~;;~ )S
1It i6 contemplated tll~t a shock-ab50rbing w~ll means 2 cfln be lmplemented in otl~er wa~s, for example, by securlng 3 the rubber block to a ~econd lower cro~s member welded to 4 the stationary frame where~y the force of the recoiling S lmpact plate is ~ransmittcd directly to the ~tatlonary 6 ~rame.
7~IG. 5 shows one of the laterallhinge Eupport6 to whlch B the suppor~ arms 55, 57 of the swing jaw are hingedly 9 attache~. The l~teral hinge suppor~s are mounted on a hinge axis `'A", which, in order to pxovide suitable straight line 11 crushing forces falls on a ~enter plane ~denoted by thc 12 letter "C" in FIG. 2) passing through the crushing chamber.
13 By p~oviding lateral hinge ~upports which are secured to the 14 out6ide of the 6ide panel structures of the stationary fr~me, the top feed opening of the statlonary r~mP is 16 effectively expanded to include the region between the 17 lateral hinge supports and forward of the impact plate 43.
lB Because of this, the center plane on which the hinge axis of 19 the latéral hinge supports fall will also pa6s ~hrough the top feed open:ing of the apparatus. In conventional single 21 swing ~aw roc~ crusheri which have a continu~us hinge pin 22 obstructing the top feed openina, the feed opening's 23 longitudin~l dimension is constrained to an area forwerd of 24 the hinge axis, effectively re~uclng the vertical oFJening by roughly thirty percent.
26 ~ith further reference tc FIG. 5, the lateral hinge 27 supports 49, 51 are single ~hear hinge supports ha~ing a 28 sh~rt hinge pin 151 clamped in a fi~ed horizontal pcsition 1 at its interior end 153 by a hinge block 155 6uitably 2 attached tol¦tl~e top edge of the stee~l~side plates ~5, 27 of 3 the stationary frame's side panel structures, such as by 4 welding the base 157 of the hinge ~locks to the top edge 162 of th~ side plates (see FIG. 1) and to the top of the 6 vcrtical support beam 163 of the exterior beam weldments 31.
7 A keeper pin 159 in th~ hinge block cover 160 act~ to hold 8 the hinge pin 151 in a rotationally ~ixed position and the g side wear plate6 36 have a top extension 164 for protecting the interior end of the hinge pin from being damaged or 11 ~nocked loo~e by incosning roc~.
12 The latexal hinge ~upports 49s 51 each include a sleeve 13 bearins 165, ~uitably a bronze sleev~ bearing, disposed in 14 the bearing hub 169 form~d at the hinged end of each of the ~wing ~aw' 6 Bupport arms. (It can be seen that the support 16 arm~ of the swing j8W hingedly engage the outer end ~67 of 17 the hi~ge pin at their bearing hubs.) Means in the bearlng 18 hub5 are provided for lu~ricating the sleeve bearing.
l9 Spec~fically, a lubric3nt re~ervoir 171 ls provlded which flu~dly communicates with annular and longitudinal fluid 21 channel~ l75, 175 in the sleeve bearing through pass~ge 173.
22 ~hi8 fluid reservoir can sùitably con&ist of a threaded pipe 23 section 172, e.g., Zj inch pipe welded to the top of the 24 bearing hub and a threaded pipe c~p 174 ~h~ch can easily be removed for c~eaning the xeser~oir. A ~urther auxil~ar~
26 reservoir 18~ is provided at the outer end 167 of the hinge 27 pin by ~ reccss 181 in the outer end cap 177 secured to the 28 end of the bearing hub by means of bolts 17~. This ` I ' J ~
1 aux~liAry fluld reservoir, wllich additionally provides a 2 lubricating point ~t the outside end surface 183 o~ tlle 3 hinge pin, ~upplie~ lubrieant to the sleeve bearing directly 4 through the sleeve'6 longitudinal fluid channel 176.
5Suitable vent and drain plugs 182, 184 can be provided in 6 the end caps 177 whexeb~ the auxiliary reservoir can be 7 drai~ed and vented.
8~he bearing hub~ l6g of the movable support armR are 9 sealably coupled to the lmmovable inner hinge block 155 by means of an intermediate stationary bronze thrust washer 185 11 secured by lag bolts 186 and an elastomeric diaphragm 187 12 overlapping the thrust washex and an adjacent shoulder 188 13 on the inside diameter of the support arm hub. Hose clamps 14 189, 191 firmly clamp the elastomerlc diaphragm into place, and O-rin~s 193, 195 provide a fluid seal between the thrust 16 washer, hinge p~n, and hub.
17 The ~oregoing seal construction is designed to provide lB a 6elf-lubri~ating bearing 6tructure for the swing jaw 19 l~teral h~nge support~, one whleh seal6 out foxeign particles which can damage the sleeve bearing and which will 21 hold up over an extended period ~f time under the extre~
22 load conditions presented by th~ oscillatory moveme~t of the 23 massive ~wing jaw. It will be understood that othex bearin~
24 structures could be provided. One example would be to use a rollex bearing instead o~ a mechal)ica1 slee~e bearir.s.
26 ~ow~ever, the load distribution or. thc bearing curfaces of a ~7 roller bearing is inferior to that of a slee~e bearlng and 28 therefore the roller bearin~ would tend to wear out faster.
~ ~Y~
1 Anotller example would ~e a spheri~al sleeve bearing wherein 2 spherical contact,6urace6 would pexm~t lateral movement of 3 the suppo~t arms as well as rotational movement.
4 Theoretically, such a bearing would be superior to the ~traight sleeve bearin~ of the illustrated embodiment, 6 however, it would be considerably more expen~ive to 7 implement.
8 Therefore, it can be ~een that the present invention 9 provides for an improved rock crushing apparatus having a cantilevered swing jaw design whereln the swlng jaw of the 11 apparatus can be assembled with greater ease than is the 12 case with conventional unitary cantilevered swing jaw 13 designs. In contrast to the continuous hinge pin 14 construction of convent~onal crusher~, the swing jaw of the lS invent~on has a lateral 6upport ~rm construction and lateral 16 hinge 6upports which provide an expanded feed opening for 17 the crusher, providing better ~ccess to its cru~hing 18 chamber. It ls al80 ~een that ~ rock cru~hing apparatus in 19 accordance with the invention will take up the impact forces of incomlng rocks in a manner which improves the life of the 21 6wing jaw bearinqs. Although the present invention has been 22 described in considerable deta~l in the foregoin~
23 ~peci~ication, it wil~ be understood that the invention is 24 not to be limited to 6uch detail, except as $t necessitsted by the f~l~owlny claims.
13 Retention bolts, such as the illu~t~ated retention bolts 75, 14 77, removably hold the jaw plate~ t~ their supportlng jaw frames 67, 69 EO that they can pelriodlcally be replaced.
16 5imilarly, the wear plates 36 secu~ed to the ~nside of the 17 ~teel side plates 25, 27, ~erve as a replaceable lining for 18 the side~ ~f the ~ru6hing chamber.
19 A~ further illustrsted in FIG. 2, the sw~ng jaw is 20 driven about its hinge axis by a toggle drive ~ystem, 21 genera~ly denoted ~y the numeral Bl, which engages the ~ack 22 of the lower end of the swing jaw at ~he toggle seat B2 and 23 whi~h dr~ves the swing ja~ in a rapid 6hort osclllatory 24 motion caused by the pivoting action of toggle plates 83, 85. ~he toggl~ plates are reciprocated by a pitman 87 held 26 aga~nst the lo~er ~ide of a rotating eccentric shat 89 by 27 me~ns o~ a com~ression sprin~ 91 di6posed beneath the toggle 28 plat.e6~ a f~rther jaw retention element 92, compri6ed of a retention rod 93 and a compression spring 95 reacting against a cross-channel member 97 of the stationary frame, attaches to a bracket 99 on the back of the swing jaw's lower jaw section to hold the lower jaw section against the inner toggle plate 83. It can be seen that the toggle drive parts will be held firmly together by the forces of the outer toggle plate 85 bearing against the lower right-hand strong back member 21, and the combined forces of the lower compression spring 91 and retention element 93.
The toggle drive system is enclosed within a housing 101, two sides of which are formed by angled cross walls 013, 105 extending between the frame's steel side plates 25, 27. An oil pan 107 is secured below the housing, and a removable cover plate 109 which permits quick and easy access to the toggle drive mechanism is secured to the top.
Heavy duty self-aligning roller bearings 111 mounted in line-bored bearing housings 110 in the steel side plates carry the eccentric shaft 89. For lubrication of the shaft's roller bearings and other parts of the toggle drive system, an oil bath is provided in the housing by a suitable oil recirculating system (not shown). A flexible diaphragm 114 provides a fluid seal between the swing jaw's toggle seat 82 and inner housing wall 102 and the oil pan 107.
The toggle drive system is powered by an external drive motor (not shown) belted directly to the flywheel 115. The flywheel would normally be provided with a mechanical safety release of a known design such that with a pre-set amount of over-pressure the flywheel "kicks out" to a free-wheeling 1 32~3~/ `
1 condition, removing the drive power from the eccentric fihaft 2 and thereby shut~ing down the crushing action o the 3 apparatus~ ' Such over.-pres6ure i5 often caused by a 4 n~n-crushable.imateriel being introduced into the cru6hing ~ cham~er 37, such as tramp ir~ which after shutdown i6i 6 removed from the crushing chamber ~y a l~g crowbar or 7 pneumat~c device.capabl~ of being inserted into the crushing 8 chamber through the feed opening. AEj above-mentioned, the 9 relative di~iculty of accessing the crushing chamber will be affected by the size of the feed opening, and by ll providing a largex unobstructed feed open~ng in accordance 12 with the invention access t~ the crushing chamber will be 13 facilitated.
14 In reference to the a66embly of the swing jaw of the invention, the elongated jolnin~ member for the upper hlnge l~ and lower jaw section~ of the 6wing jaw consists ~f a Eiteel 17 tube having sufficlent length to extend bey~nd the side 18 panel Eitructures ~f the stationary frame. It will b~
~9 appreciated that while the steel tube is shown as having an out~iide diameter roughly equal to the width of the top of 21 the jaw ~rame, the invent~on is not so limited. For 22 eY.ample, it may be desirable to increa6e the width of the 23 jaw frame relati~e to the tube diameter in order t~ increase 24 the mass of the ~wing jaw. In such a case the gap be~ween the tube ~nd iaw frame can be bridged b~ a suitablc w~laed 26 in rib ~txucture.
27 . Dur~ng assembly, the steel tube 6~ is welded ~t 117, 2B li~ acro6B thc top of the upper endio the swing~jaw frame 1 32~341 69, and after adjusting for a proper ang~llation of the lower jaw section to the support arms, the extended ends of the tube 63 are then welded to the support arms. By providing a swing jaw which is welded together in sections, manufacture and assembly of the swing jaw to proper specifications is substantially simplified as compared to manufacturing the jaw as a unitary structure. This is because adjustment of the jaw angle can be made during final assembly to align the toggle seat 82 with the end of the toggle plate 83. Unless these parts are precisely aligned, the oscillatory motion of the swing jaw will cause tearing in the diaphragm 114.
FIG. 2A shows an alternative configuration for the joining member of the swing jaw wherein, instead of a cylindrical tube as shown in FIG. 2, a generally box-shape joining member is fabricated from elongated steel plates 121, 123, 125 welded to the upper end of the lower jaw section. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, the front wall 126 of the jaw frame extends upwardly to provide a front wall to the joining member between the side panel structures of the stationary frame. On the outside of the side panel structures, the laterally extending ends of the elongated steel plates 121, 123, 125 form three sides of the extended ends of the joining member's box structure; separate short steeI plate sections (not shown) can be used to enclose the box structure on the outside of the side panels.
The swing jaw in accordance with FIG. 2A is assembled in a manner similar to the swing jaw of FIG. 2, in that, the lower jaw section is first fabricated by welding its parts 1 toge~her, and then the extended box end6 of the box-sll3pe 2 joining member.are welded in a proper rot~tion~l orientation 3 to tho lower!ends of the support arms.~
4 It will!be appreciated that the opening 127 ~n the s~de panel structures through which the ioinlng member extends to 6 engage the Isupport arm3 needs to~ suitably be sized to 7 provide eno~g?h clearance to not onl~ allow the joining 8 member to sqing freely, but to prevent pinch point~, that 9 is, small 9~p8 in which flngers o~ a hand can be in~ured.
For conventionally sized machines, the amplltude of the 11 movement of the swing jaw at thi~ ~unction would likely be 12 roughly plus or minus one-quarter of an inch. A clearance 13 of about o~e and one-half lnches is believ~d to be suita~le 19 to prevent pinch point?~.
As best ~hown in ~IG. 2, the ~tationary frame of the 16 crusher includes a removable ~teel buttress 129 having a 17 back cover pla~e 1~0 which encloses the area behind the 18 join~ng member of tbe swing jaw. This steel buttress, which 19 1~ attached at its lower end to a cross beam 133 by securement bolt~ 131, and at its upper end to flanqes 134 21 ~ituated at the top of the ~ertical edge 135 of the steel 22 side pl~te?s, can be remo~?ed for installing the swing jaw in 23 the 6tationary frame. The bu~tress also provides an u~per 24 cros?~ member 137 from which a shoc~-absorbinc wall means can be anchored as describ~d belo~.
26 As abo~?e-mentioned, rock is fed into the crushing 27 apparatu~' feed chamber th1-ouah the to~ feed opening 4~.
28 This rock ls typically fed t31rough t~a ~eed openin~ from an ,".', `'', ~t 1 infeed chute 141 which can in turn be loaded from ~ conveyor 2 system or ~rj~ectlly from large carthl,dlgging or hauling 3 machinery or vehicles. The rock will normally slide ln on 4 the chute at xelatively high velocities in a ~ufficiently horizontal d~rection to cau6e th~ rock to strike the swing 6 jaw structure opposite the chute, In order tc ab~orb the 7 impa~t force of the incoming rock and to prevent the large 8 impact forces~rom being transmitted directly to the 9 bearings of the lateral hinge supports, a shock-ab60rbing back wall means is pro~ided ln front of th~ ~wi~g jaw' 8 11 jo1ning member. and the upper part of the lower jaw section 12 of the ~wing jaw.
13 As best illu~trated in FIG. 2, the ~hock-absorbing back 14 wall meanslis comprised of a vertical impact plate 143 ~ttached to the cross member 137 of buttress 129 near the 16 top of the stationary ~rame by means of double hinges 145 17 which allow for rebound movement a~ the top o the p}ate.
18 The impact plate depend~ from its double h~nge axis 19 downwardly to a position where its free end 147 iB sitUBted near the top of the lower jaw ~ecti~n, thus covering the 21 swing jaw joining member 61. A resilient ~top ~ean~ in the 22 form of a rubber block 14~ or other resilient material i5 23 secured to the joining member to provide a stop for the free 24 end of the impact plate. Thus, it can be seen that high velo~ity rock6 $ed through the fee~ opening at a high 26 horizontal traje~t~ry will strike the impact plate which in 2~ turn will largel~ deflect the impact force by hingedly 2B recoiling again~t the shock-absorbing rubber block.
.~;;~ )S
1It i6 contemplated tll~t a shock-ab50rbing w~ll means 2 cfln be lmplemented in otl~er wa~s, for example, by securlng 3 the rubber block to a ~econd lower cro~s member welded to 4 the stationary frame where~y the force of the recoiling S lmpact plate is ~ransmittcd directly to the ~tatlonary 6 ~rame.
7~IG. 5 shows one of the laterallhinge Eupport6 to whlch B the suppor~ arms 55, 57 of the swing jaw are hingedly 9 attache~. The l~teral hinge suppor~s are mounted on a hinge axis `'A", which, in order to pxovide suitable straight line 11 crushing forces falls on a ~enter plane ~denoted by thc 12 letter "C" in FIG. 2) passing through the crushing chamber.
13 By p~oviding lateral hinge ~upports which are secured to the 14 out6ide of the 6ide panel structures of the stationary fr~me, the top feed opening of the statlonary r~mP is 16 effectively expanded to include the region between the 17 lateral hinge supports and forward of the impact plate 43.
lB Because of this, the center plane on which the hinge axis of 19 the latéral hinge supports fall will also pa6s ~hrough the top feed open:ing of the apparatus. In conventional single 21 swing ~aw roc~ crusheri which have a continu~us hinge pin 22 obstructing the top feed openina, the feed opening's 23 longitudin~l dimension is constrained to an area forwerd of 24 the hinge axis, effectively re~uclng the vertical oFJening by roughly thirty percent.
26 ~ith further reference tc FIG. 5, the lateral hinge 27 supports 49, 51 are single ~hear hinge supports ha~ing a 28 sh~rt hinge pin 151 clamped in a fi~ed horizontal pcsition 1 at its interior end 153 by a hinge block 155 6uitably 2 attached tol¦tl~e top edge of the stee~l~side plates ~5, 27 of 3 the stationary frame's side panel structures, such as by 4 welding the base 157 of the hinge ~locks to the top edge 162 of th~ side plates (see FIG. 1) and to the top of the 6 vcrtical support beam 163 of the exterior beam weldments 31.
7 A keeper pin 159 in th~ hinge block cover 160 act~ to hold 8 the hinge pin 151 in a rotationally ~ixed position and the g side wear plate6 36 have a top extension 164 for protecting the interior end of the hinge pin from being damaged or 11 ~nocked loo~e by incosning roc~.
12 The latexal hinge ~upports 49s 51 each include a sleeve 13 bearins 165, ~uitably a bronze sleev~ bearing, disposed in 14 the bearing hub 169 form~d at the hinged end of each of the ~wing ~aw' 6 Bupport arms. (It can be seen that the support 16 arm~ of the swing j8W hingedly engage the outer end ~67 of 17 the hi~ge pin at their bearing hubs.) Means in the bearlng 18 hub5 are provided for lu~ricating the sleeve bearing.
l9 Spec~fically, a lubric3nt re~ervoir 171 ls provlded which flu~dly communicates with annular and longitudinal fluid 21 channel~ l75, 175 in the sleeve bearing through pass~ge 173.
22 ~hi8 fluid reservoir can sùitably con&ist of a threaded pipe 23 section 172, e.g., Zj inch pipe welded to the top of the 24 bearing hub and a threaded pipe c~p 174 ~h~ch can easily be removed for c~eaning the xeser~oir. A ~urther auxil~ar~
26 reservoir 18~ is provided at the outer end 167 of the hinge 27 pin by ~ reccss 181 in the outer end cap 177 secured to the 28 end of the bearing hub by means of bolts 17~. This ` I ' J ~
1 aux~liAry fluld reservoir, wllich additionally provides a 2 lubricating point ~t the outside end surface 183 o~ tlle 3 hinge pin, ~upplie~ lubrieant to the sleeve bearing directly 4 through the sleeve'6 longitudinal fluid channel 176.
5Suitable vent and drain plugs 182, 184 can be provided in 6 the end caps 177 whexeb~ the auxiliary reservoir can be 7 drai~ed and vented.
8~he bearing hub~ l6g of the movable support armR are 9 sealably coupled to the lmmovable inner hinge block 155 by means of an intermediate stationary bronze thrust washer 185 11 secured by lag bolts 186 and an elastomeric diaphragm 187 12 overlapping the thrust washex and an adjacent shoulder 188 13 on the inside diameter of the support arm hub. Hose clamps 14 189, 191 firmly clamp the elastomerlc diaphragm into place, and O-rin~s 193, 195 provide a fluid seal between the thrust 16 washer, hinge p~n, and hub.
17 The ~oregoing seal construction is designed to provide lB a 6elf-lubri~ating bearing 6tructure for the swing jaw 19 l~teral h~nge support~, one whleh seal6 out foxeign particles which can damage the sleeve bearing and which will 21 hold up over an extended period ~f time under the extre~
22 load conditions presented by th~ oscillatory moveme~t of the 23 massive ~wing jaw. It will be understood that othex bearin~
24 structures could be provided. One example would be to use a rollex bearing instead o~ a mechal)ica1 slee~e bearir.s.
26 ~ow~ever, the load distribution or. thc bearing curfaces of a ~7 roller bearing is inferior to that of a slee~e bearlng and 28 therefore the roller bearin~ would tend to wear out faster.
~ ~Y~
1 Anotller example would ~e a spheri~al sleeve bearing wherein 2 spherical contact,6urace6 would pexm~t lateral movement of 3 the suppo~t arms as well as rotational movement.
4 Theoretically, such a bearing would be superior to the ~traight sleeve bearin~ of the illustrated embodiment, 6 however, it would be considerably more expen~ive to 7 implement.
8 Therefore, it can be ~een that the present invention 9 provides for an improved rock crushing apparatus having a cantilevered swing jaw design whereln the swlng jaw of the 11 apparatus can be assembled with greater ease than is the 12 case with conventional unitary cantilevered swing jaw 13 designs. In contrast to the continuous hinge pin 14 construction of convent~onal crusher~, the swing jaw of the lS invent~on has a lateral 6upport ~rm construction and lateral 16 hinge 6upports which provide an expanded feed opening for 17 the crusher, providing better ~ccess to its cru~hing 18 chamber. It ls al80 ~een that ~ rock cru~hing apparatus in 19 accordance with the invention will take up the impact forces of incomlng rocks in a manner which improves the life of the 21 6wing jaw bearinqs. Although the present invention has been 22 described in considerable deta~l in the foregoin~
23 ~peci~ication, it wil~ be understood that the invention is 24 not to be limited to 6uch detail, except as $t necessitsted by the f~l~owlny claims.
Claims (14)
1. A single swing jaw crushing apparatus wherein a stationary jaw and a cantilevered swing jaw are supported in a stationary frame so as to form a crushing chamber below a top feed opening in said stationary frame, and wherein said cantilevered swing jaw has a lower jaw section and upper lateral support arms for hingedly connecting said swing jaw to lateral hinge supports on said stationary frame, said lateral hinge supports being situated near and on opposite sides of said top feed opening so as to define a horizontal hinge axis elevated above said crushing chamber and so that the top feed opening of said stationary frame is not obstructed in the area of said hinge axis, characterized in that said stationary frame includes opposed side panel structures which extend from the area of the crushing chamber upward to the swing jaw hinge axis so as to substantially cover said lateral hinge supports.
2. The single swing jaw apparatus of claim 1 further characterized in that the lateral hinge supports for the upper lateral support arms of said swing jaw are comprised of single shear hinge supports.
3. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 1 wherein said opposed side panel structures are comprised of steel side plates the separation of which generally defines the width of the top feed opening.
4. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 1 further characterized in that the rearward extent of said top feed opening is delimited by a shock absorbing backwall means attached to said stationary frame behind said lateral hinge supports so that impact forces of crushable materials fed into said crushing apparatus through said top feed opening can to a substantial extent be absorbed by said backwall means and the stationary frame to which it is attached instead of by the swing jaw of said apparatus and the swing jaw's hinge supports.
5. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 2 wherein said shock absorbing backwall means include an impact plate extending generally from near the top of said stationary frame to near the top of the lower jaw section of said swing jaw.
6. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 5 wherein said stationary frame has an upper cross-member extending between said side panel structures behind the hinge axis of said lateral hinge supports, and wherein said shock absorbing backwall means includes at least one hinge device having a horizontal hinge axis for providing a hinge attachment between the top of said impact plate and the upper cross-member of said stationary frame whereby said impact plate will deflect about the horizontal hinge axis of said hinge device when struck by incoming crushable materials fed through said top feed opening.
7. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 6 wherein said hinge device is a double hinge.
8. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 7 wherein said impact plate has a free bottom end and said shock absorbing backwall means includes a resilient stop means for the free bottom end of said impact plate.
9. A single swing jaw crushing apparatus wherein a stationary jaw and a cantilevered swing jaw are supported in a stationary frame having opposed side panel structures so that a crushing chamber is formed between said side panel structures below a top feed opening in said stationary frame, and wherein said cantilevered swing jaw has a lower jaw section and upper lateral support arms for hingedly connecting said swing jaw to lateral hinge supports on said stationary frame, said lateral hinge supports being situated near and on opposite sides of said top feed opening so as to define a horizontal hinge axis elevated above said crushing chamber and so that the top feed opening of said stationary frame is not obstructed in the area of said hinge axis, characterized in that the region between said top feed opening and said crushing chamber is lined with an extension of the opposed side panel structures of said stationary frame and with a shock absorbing backwall means attached to said stationary frame and located between said side panel structures and behind said lateral hinge supports, whereby crushable materials fed into said crushing apparatus through said top feed opening area guided into said crushing chamber by said side wall structures and whereby the impact forces of said crushable materials can to a substantial extent be absorbed by said backwall means and the stationary frame to which it is attached instead of by the swing jaw of said apparatus and the swing jaw's hinge supports.
10. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 7 wherein said side panel structures substantially cover said lateral hinge supports to prevent crushable materials from directly striking said hinge supports.
11. A single swing jaw crushing apparatus wherein a stationary jaw and a cantilevered swing jaw are supported in a stationary frame having opposed side panel structures so that a crushing chamber is formed between said side panel structures below a top feed opening in said stationary frame, and wherein said cantilevered swing jaw has a lower jaw section and upper lateral support arms for hingedly connecting said swing jaw to lateral hinge supports on said stationary frame, said lateral hinge supports being situated near and on opposite sides of said top feed opening so as to define a horizontal hinge axis elevated above said crushing chamber and so that the top feed opening of said stationary frame is not obstructed in the area of said hinge axis, characterized in that the lateral hinge supports for the upper lateral support arms of said swing jaw are comprised of a single shear hinge support disposed on each side of said top feed opening.
12. The single swing jaw apparatus of claim 11 wherein each of said single shear hinge supports includes a short hinge pin having an interior end facing said feed opening and a hinge block for holding the interior end of said hinge pin, said hinge block being mounted at the top of said stationary frame adjacent said top feed opening.
13. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 12 wherein said stationary frame includes opposed side panel structures which extend from the area of said crushing chamber upward to the swing jaw axis so as to substantially cover the hinge blocks of said single shear hinge supports.
14. The single swing jaw crushing apparatus of claim 13 wherein a steel buttress extends between said side panel structures behind the hinge blocks of said single shear hinge supports.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12082287A | 1987-11-16 | 1987-11-16 | |
| US120,822 | 1987-11-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1323347C true CA1323347C (en) | 1993-10-19 |
Family
ID=22392758
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000583250A Expired - Fee Related CA1323347C (en) | 1987-11-16 | 1988-11-16 | Single swing jaw crushing apparatus with an unobstructed feed opening |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2729847B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8807798A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1323347C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2232095B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX170082B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989004718A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2274608B (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1996-03-06 | Brown Lenox & Co Ltd | A cantilevered swing jaw crushing apparatus |
| IT1317319B1 (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2003-06-16 | Tiberio Vaccaro | BUCKET PARTICULARLY FOR THE CRUSHING AND SCREENING OF STONE OSIMILE STONE MATERIAL. |
| ES2706012T3 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2019-03-27 | Yasuaki Okyua | Tool holder base and / or tool holder for device for cutting castings, and bearing for the tool holder base |
| JP7054512B2 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2022-04-14 | 株式会社中山鉄工所 | Crusher |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2177524A (en) * | 1936-05-09 | 1939-10-24 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Jaw crusher |
| US2326215A (en) * | 1938-12-12 | 1943-08-10 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Jaw crusher |
| US2341105A (en) * | 1939-03-13 | 1944-02-08 | John R Kueneman | Crusher |
| US3425639A (en) * | 1966-05-25 | 1969-02-04 | Don Kueneman | Jaw crushers |
| US4244532A (en) * | 1978-08-11 | 1981-01-13 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Crusher swing jaw |
| US4398674A (en) * | 1981-08-06 | 1983-08-16 | Dremann George H | Hydraulically actuated jam release system for a jaw type crushing apparatus |
-
1988
- 1988-11-15 MX MX013797A patent/MX170082B/en unknown
- 1988-11-15 WO PCT/US1988/004078 patent/WO1989004718A1/en unknown
- 1988-11-15 JP JP1500211A patent/JP2729847B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-15 BR BR888807798A patent/BR8807798A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-16 CA CA000583250A patent/CA1323347C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-05-03 GB GB9010197A patent/GB2232095B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2232095A (en) | 1990-12-05 |
| GB2232095B (en) | 1991-11-06 |
| BR8807798A (en) | 1990-08-07 |
| MX170082B (en) | 1993-08-06 |
| WO1989004718A1 (en) | 1989-06-01 |
| JPH03500856A (en) | 1991-02-28 |
| GB9010197D0 (en) | 1990-08-08 |
| JP2729847B2 (en) | 1998-03-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |