CA1254771A - Use of silver-palladium alloys as material for burning on dental ceramics - Google Patents
Use of silver-palladium alloys as material for burning on dental ceramicsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1254771A CA1254771A CA000493275A CA493275A CA1254771A CA 1254771 A CA1254771 A CA 1254771A CA 000493275 A CA000493275 A CA 000493275A CA 493275 A CA493275 A CA 493275A CA 1254771 A CA1254771 A CA 1254771A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- alloys
- palladium
- burning
- dental ceramics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/84—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising metals or alloys
- A61K6/844—Noble metals
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Silver-palladium alloys containing 50 to 70% of silver, 15 to 45% of palladium, 0.1 to 2% of ruthenium and/or rhenium, 0.2 to 10% of copper and/or cobalt, 0.2 to 12% of indium and/or tin, 0.2 to 5% of gallium, 0.05 to 2% of tantalum and/or tungsten, 0 to 5% of gold and/or platinum and 0 to 2% of zinc are used for burning on dental ceramics.
Silver-palladium alloys containing 50 to 70% of silver, 15 to 45% of palladium, 0.1 to 2% of ruthenium and/or rhenium, 0.2 to 10% of copper and/or cobalt, 0.2 to 12% of indium and/or tin, 0.2 to 5% of gallium, 0.05 to 2% of tantalum and/or tungsten, 0 to 5% of gold and/or platinum and 0 to 2% of zinc are used for burning on dental ceramics.
Description
'7~
The present invention relates to the use of silver-pal-ladium alloys 2S material onto which dental ceramics can be fired.
For the production of crowns, bridges and inlays in preservation dentistry, noble metal alloys have been long used.
So-called firable alloys in which the metallic crowns and bridges are entirely or partially covered with tooth-coloursd ceramics for aesthetic reasons are used for this purpose to an increasing extent.
Alloys having a high gold content based on AuPtPd with approxima-tely 80~ of gold as well as alloys having a reduced gold conten-t based AuPd or AuPdAg have proved to be particularly sat-isfactory. However, because of the high prices for noble metalsand because of measures to reduce costs in health care less costly alloys based on palladium have recently been used as firable alloys to an increasing extent. These alloys either are free from gold or contain only a few percent by weight of gold.
The disadvantages of these alloys lie in their non-physiologi-cally high hardness, the high melting interval and their unsatis-factory solderability, particularly after the ceramic facing.
Because of their high palladi~n content (more than 75~) these alloys cannot, however, be melted down in a graphite cru-cible. This renders their processing in a dental laboratory more difficult and costly.
Apart from alloys based on palladium, alloys based on palladium and silver are also used as flrable alloys. These types of alloys are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No.
4,350,526 and in German Patent No. 3,204,743. Despite the fact that some of the properties required for firable alloys, such as hardness, melting interval and strength, are substantially satis-fied these alloys still have disadvantages, Because of the Pdcontent of 45 to 70%, which still is very high the absorption of ~r ~s~
carbon on mel~ng down these alloys in a graphite cruclble is still substantial and can result in the formation of blisters in the fired-on dental ceramics. The price of this alloy type which still is very high must be considered a fur-ther disadvantage.
A silver and palladium-ba~ed alloy containing 28 to 64%
of s~lver, 37.5 to 57.7% of palladium, 0.5 to 7~ of chromium, iron, indium andJor tin and 0 to 5% of silicon, nickel, cobalt, tantalum and/or titanium is disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
lo 3,929,474. In these alloys importance has been attached to their resistance to tarnishing. Their thermal expansion is like that of porcelain. For modern ceramic fire-on materials whose coeffi-cient of thermal expansion lies at values higher than 15.5 x 1o~6 K-l they are useful only to a limited extent. Their casting properties are not optimal either since they have only a low dec-tility at elevated temperature and, therefore, cracks can result on cooling the castings.
Therefore, the present invention provides silver-palla-dium alloys for firing with dental ceramics which have afavourable price and can be readily processed and have an appli-cation spectrum as broad as possible. It is also possible to face them with dental ceramics. They also have high expansion coeffi~ients and do not tend to crack on cooling after being cast.
According to the present invention there are provided silver-palladium alloys containing 50 to 70% of silver, lS to 45%
of pall~dium, 0.1 to 2~ of ruthenium and/or rhenlum, 0.2 to 10%
of cobalt and/or copper, 0.2 to 12% of indium and/or tin, 0.2 to 5% of gallium, 0.05 to 2% of tantalum and/or tungsten, 0 to 5% of yold and/or platinum and 0 to 2% of zinc.
Alloys containing S0 to 60% of sllver, 35 to 45~ of palladium, 0.1 to 2% of ruthenium andJor rhenium, 0.7. to 10% of copper, 0.2 to 10~ of indium and/or tin, 0.2 to 4% of gallium and t~
0 to 1. 5% of zinc are particularly suitable .
These alloys can be so adjusted that they have a ~5 - 2a -coefficient o-f thermal expansion higher than 15.5 x lo 6 K 1 at -temperatures of between 20 and 600C, a hardness of rnore than 150 HV5 and solidus temperatures above lQ75C. They can -thus be faced, without any problems, with den-tal-ceramic materials which also have a high coefFicient of thermal expansion.
The alloys according to the presen-t invention are distinguished by excellent casting and mould-filling characteris-tics and by an extraordinary fine-grain quality. ~espi-te their low melting interval they have a high strength at the burning temperature of the ceramics. Furtherrnore, the alloys have a higi resistance to tarnish and high corrosion resistance. When being faced with dental ceramics they are not susceptible to carbon absorption and the problems associa-ted therewith. The addition of gallium in association with -the other alloy constituents results in a distinct improvement of the ductility at elevated tempera-tures, particularly at 650C so that the danger of cracked cast-ings no longer exists. Furthermore gallium substantially improves the casting properties of the silver-palladium alloys.
Because o-f their low hardness the alloys are also suitable as den-tal casting alloys so that the cumbersome soldering process which is required in combined procedures and sometimes is not very success-ful can be dispensed with. However, all the alloys according to the present invention have a very good solder-ability so that soldering can be carried ou-t without any problems prior to and after the ceramic facing. It has also been found that the strength of the alloys can be controlled by means o-f the tantalum and/or tungsten content as well as by the use of cobalt without too marked an increase in the hardness or a substantial decrease in the ductility of the alloys. There-fore, it is B0 possible to use the alloys according to the presen-t inven-tion also for dental model cas-ts, i.e.~ for removable tooth substitutes.
The following Table shows the principal properties of some o-f -the alloys according to the present invention.
~ ~ o ~o t~
~ ~ O ~ ~D ~ \D ~ ~0 s xO ~ ~ ~ ~ .
, ,o ~ ~ u.~ o O ~ ' O 1~~ ~C\lC~ltr~
_ .1 ~,-u~o o o o c . ~ r~ ~o ~t--O x v, ç ~ u~
I u~ r Ir~ u~ O O If~ O C"
1 r~ ~ ~ v~ ~, ~ O
I u ~J ~ C'~ CU ~ C~ ~1 ~1 ~ ~1 __ . o~ ou~ o u~ o u~ c~
1~ c\~ c~lc\l ~ co ~ -~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o o cn f~ ~ 1 1 ~:: > ~ ~ I I I I
~ t r~ o o o lr~u~ ;r (O
~ a) ~ c~3 o c~ c~ o _ ~ c~3 c~l c3 .~
aJ ~ .1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~1 ~1 U~ U~
q) O t~ O
. ~ R ~
t~ C\~ \ C`l--O I O I I I O O
_ U~ C\l t~ T-l C`.l-' C~l I .. I
E~ I O I O O O O O j ~ u~ u~ o u~ 1- ~ CO c~3 ~n ~ O ~ o O o o _ ~ 1~ o u~o u~
+~ _ ~ 3c~ O
.,_ ~ Ir~ O U~ O U~ o U~ t`'~
~ C~ ~ ~ O ~ O i 0 0 3 _ >, O O C`l11 . ~C\~ cj _ : O ''~ O
C o . ~
o co r~ u~ co r- ~ I O O I O' I I O
~ P:~ CO ~ U
o _ _ _ ....... .
~ o o o 3 0 ~ O o c~ t~; o Q;
~ ~ t~ ~ t~ t~ t~ c~3 o _ .
cL~ _ ~ ~ O cr~
cl ~ ~ ¢ It~
~ c~3 t~ r~ co -- '1 --
The present invention relates to the use of silver-pal-ladium alloys 2S material onto which dental ceramics can be fired.
For the production of crowns, bridges and inlays in preservation dentistry, noble metal alloys have been long used.
So-called firable alloys in which the metallic crowns and bridges are entirely or partially covered with tooth-coloursd ceramics for aesthetic reasons are used for this purpose to an increasing extent.
Alloys having a high gold content based on AuPtPd with approxima-tely 80~ of gold as well as alloys having a reduced gold conten-t based AuPd or AuPdAg have proved to be particularly sat-isfactory. However, because of the high prices for noble metalsand because of measures to reduce costs in health care less costly alloys based on palladium have recently been used as firable alloys to an increasing extent. These alloys either are free from gold or contain only a few percent by weight of gold.
The disadvantages of these alloys lie in their non-physiologi-cally high hardness, the high melting interval and their unsatis-factory solderability, particularly after the ceramic facing.
Because of their high palladi~n content (more than 75~) these alloys cannot, however, be melted down in a graphite cru-cible. This renders their processing in a dental laboratory more difficult and costly.
Apart from alloys based on palladium, alloys based on palladium and silver are also used as flrable alloys. These types of alloys are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No.
4,350,526 and in German Patent No. 3,204,743. Despite the fact that some of the properties required for firable alloys, such as hardness, melting interval and strength, are substantially satis-fied these alloys still have disadvantages, Because of the Pdcontent of 45 to 70%, which still is very high the absorption of ~r ~s~
carbon on mel~ng down these alloys in a graphite cruclble is still substantial and can result in the formation of blisters in the fired-on dental ceramics. The price of this alloy type which still is very high must be considered a fur-ther disadvantage.
A silver and palladium-ba~ed alloy containing 28 to 64%
of s~lver, 37.5 to 57.7% of palladium, 0.5 to 7~ of chromium, iron, indium andJor tin and 0 to 5% of silicon, nickel, cobalt, tantalum and/or titanium is disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
lo 3,929,474. In these alloys importance has been attached to their resistance to tarnishing. Their thermal expansion is like that of porcelain. For modern ceramic fire-on materials whose coeffi-cient of thermal expansion lies at values higher than 15.5 x 1o~6 K-l they are useful only to a limited extent. Their casting properties are not optimal either since they have only a low dec-tility at elevated temperature and, therefore, cracks can result on cooling the castings.
Therefore, the present invention provides silver-palla-dium alloys for firing with dental ceramics which have afavourable price and can be readily processed and have an appli-cation spectrum as broad as possible. It is also possible to face them with dental ceramics. They also have high expansion coeffi~ients and do not tend to crack on cooling after being cast.
According to the present invention there are provided silver-palladium alloys containing 50 to 70% of silver, lS to 45%
of pall~dium, 0.1 to 2~ of ruthenium and/or rhenlum, 0.2 to 10%
of cobalt and/or copper, 0.2 to 12% of indium and/or tin, 0.2 to 5% of gallium, 0.05 to 2% of tantalum and/or tungsten, 0 to 5% of yold and/or platinum and 0 to 2% of zinc.
Alloys containing S0 to 60% of sllver, 35 to 45~ of palladium, 0.1 to 2% of ruthenium andJor rhenium, 0.7. to 10% of copper, 0.2 to 10~ of indium and/or tin, 0.2 to 4% of gallium and t~
0 to 1. 5% of zinc are particularly suitable .
These alloys can be so adjusted that they have a ~5 - 2a -coefficient o-f thermal expansion higher than 15.5 x lo 6 K 1 at -temperatures of between 20 and 600C, a hardness of rnore than 150 HV5 and solidus temperatures above lQ75C. They can -thus be faced, without any problems, with den-tal-ceramic materials which also have a high coefFicient of thermal expansion.
The alloys according to the presen-t invention are distinguished by excellent casting and mould-filling characteris-tics and by an extraordinary fine-grain quality. ~espi-te their low melting interval they have a high strength at the burning temperature of the ceramics. Furtherrnore, the alloys have a higi resistance to tarnish and high corrosion resistance. When being faced with dental ceramics they are not susceptible to carbon absorption and the problems associa-ted therewith. The addition of gallium in association with -the other alloy constituents results in a distinct improvement of the ductility at elevated tempera-tures, particularly at 650C so that the danger of cracked cast-ings no longer exists. Furthermore gallium substantially improves the casting properties of the silver-palladium alloys.
Because o-f their low hardness the alloys are also suitable as den-tal casting alloys so that the cumbersome soldering process which is required in combined procedures and sometimes is not very success-ful can be dispensed with. However, all the alloys according to the present invention have a very good solder-ability so that soldering can be carried ou-t without any problems prior to and after the ceramic facing. It has also been found that the strength of the alloys can be controlled by means o-f the tantalum and/or tungsten content as well as by the use of cobalt without too marked an increase in the hardness or a substantial decrease in the ductility of the alloys. There-fore, it is B0 possible to use the alloys according to the presen-t inven-tion also for dental model cas-ts, i.e.~ for removable tooth substitutes.
The following Table shows the principal properties of some o-f -the alloys according to the present invention.
~ ~ o ~o t~
~ ~ O ~ ~D ~ \D ~ ~0 s xO ~ ~ ~ ~ .
, ,o ~ ~ u.~ o O ~ ' O 1~~ ~C\lC~ltr~
_ .1 ~,-u~o o o o c . ~ r~ ~o ~t--O x v, ç ~ u~
I u~ r Ir~ u~ O O If~ O C"
1 r~ ~ ~ v~ ~, ~ O
I u ~J ~ C'~ CU ~ C~ ~1 ~1 ~ ~1 __ . o~ ou~ o u~ o u~ c~
1~ c\~ c~lc\l ~ co ~ -~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o o cn f~ ~ 1 1 ~:: > ~ ~ I I I I
~ t r~ o o o lr~u~ ;r (O
~ a) ~ c~3 o c~ c~ o _ ~ c~3 c~l c3 .~
aJ ~ .1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~1 ~1 U~ U~
q) O t~ O
. ~ R ~
t~ C\~ \ C`l--O I O I I I O O
_ U~ C\l t~ T-l C`.l-' C~l I .. I
E~ I O I O O O O O j ~ u~ u~ o u~ 1- ~ CO c~3 ~n ~ O ~ o O o o _ ~ 1~ o u~o u~
+~ _ ~ 3c~ O
.,_ ~ Ir~ O U~ O U~ o U~ t`'~
~ C~ ~ ~ O ~ O i 0 0 3 _ >, O O C`l11 . ~C\~ cj _ : O ''~ O
C o . ~
o co r~ u~ co r- ~ I O O I O' I I O
~ P:~ CO ~ U
o _ _ _ ....... .
~ o o o 3 0 ~ O o c~ t~; o Q;
~ ~ t~ ~ t~ t~ t~ c~3 o _ .
cL~ _ ~ ~ O cr~
cl ~ ~ ¢ It~
~ c~3 t~ r~ co -- '1 --
Claims (4)
- THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
l. A silver-palladium alloy onto which dental ceramics can be fired consisting of 50 to 70% of silver, 15 to 45% of pal-ladium, 0.1 to 2% of ruthenium or rhenium, 0.2 to 10% of copper and/or cobalt, 0.2 to 12% of indium and/or tin, 0.2 to 5% of gal-lium, 0.05 to 2% of tantalum and/or tungsten, 0 to 5% of gold and/or platinum and 0 to 2% of zinc. - 2. A silver-palladium alloy as claimed in claim 1, consisting of 50 to 60% of silver, 35 to 45% of palladium, 0.1 to 2% of ruthenium and/or rhenium, 0.2 to 10% of copper, 0.2 to 10%
of indium and/or tin, 0.2 to 4% of gallium and 0 to 1.5% of zinc. - 3. An alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2 having a coef-ficient of thermal expansion of greater than 15.5 x 10-6 K-1.
- 4. An alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2 having a dental ceramic fired thereon.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3438288A DE3438288C1 (en) | 1984-10-19 | 1984-10-19 | Use of silver-palladium alloys as materials for the firing of dental ceramics |
| DEP3438288.7 | 1984-10-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1254771A true CA1254771A (en) | 1989-05-30 |
Family
ID=6248257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000493275A Expired CA1254771A (en) | 1984-10-19 | 1985-10-18 | Use of silver-palladium alloys as material for burning on dental ceramics |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0178506B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE55242T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1254771A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3438288C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4828495A (en) * | 1984-04-03 | 1989-05-09 | Denpac Corp. | Sintered alloy dental prosthetic devices and method |
| NL8701001A (en) * | 1987-04-28 | 1988-11-16 | Elephant Edelmetaal Bv | CASTABLE PALLADIUM ALLOYS AND USES THEREOF FOR MANUFACTURING DENTAL RESTORATIONS, JEWELRY, E.D. |
| ES2054891T3 (en) * | 1988-02-27 | 1994-08-16 | Degussa | USE OF PALADIO-SILVER ALLOYS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DENTAL PROSTHESES. |
| DE3905987C1 (en) * | 1989-02-25 | 1990-03-22 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De | Use of palladium/silver alloys for producing dental prostheses |
| DE19713925C2 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 2002-10-24 | Schaetzlein Helmut | Use of silver-palladium alloys for the manufacture of dentures that can be veneered with dental ceramics |
| DE20220836U1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2004-04-29 | Wegold Edelmetalle Ag | Dental alloy containing silver |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3929474A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1975-12-30 | Williams Gold Refining Co | Tarnish resistant silver based dental casting alloy capable of bonding to porcelain |
| NL8001820A (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-10-16 | Elephant Edelmetaal Bv | Platinum-silver alloy for dental prosthesis - contg. iridium and/or rhenium and iron-group metal |
| US4350526A (en) * | 1980-08-04 | 1982-09-21 | The J. M. Ney Company | Palladium/silver alloy for use with dental procelains |
| DE3146794C2 (en) * | 1981-11-26 | 1985-07-04 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Precious metal alloy for firing dental porcelain |
| DE3204743C1 (en) * | 1982-02-11 | 1983-08-11 | Heraeus Edelmetalle Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Palladium-silver alloy for fusion of dental porcelains |
-
1984
- 1984-10-19 DE DE3438288A patent/DE3438288C1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-09-25 AT AT85112165T patent/ATE55242T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-25 DE DE8585112165T patent/DE3579096D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-09-25 EP EP85112165A patent/EP0178506B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-10-18 CA CA000493275A patent/CA1254771A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0178506B1 (en) | 1990-08-08 |
| ATE55242T1 (en) | 1990-08-15 |
| DE3579096D1 (en) | 1990-09-13 |
| EP0178506A3 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
| DE3438288C1 (en) | 1985-07-04 |
| EP0178506A2 (en) | 1986-04-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |