CA1179311A - Getter and electrical switching system using such getter - Google Patents
Getter and electrical switching system using such getterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1179311A CA1179311A CA000399634A CA399634A CA1179311A CA 1179311 A CA1179311 A CA 1179311A CA 000399634 A CA000399634 A CA 000399634A CA 399634 A CA399634 A CA 399634A CA 1179311 A CA1179311 A CA 1179311A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- getter
- getter material
- housing
- pellet
- contact chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/64—Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts
- H01H1/645—Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts containing getter material
Landscapes
- Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A getter for use in a sealed contact chamber consists of a porous getter material which acts to absorb substances which could create film resistances on electrical contacts.
By disposing such a getter within the contact chamber of a switching device, such as an electromagnetic relay, molecules of, for instance, organic compounds, may by selectively and over long terms adsorbed to the getter and thus kept away from the contracts. The selective adsorption of such molecules is achieved by a porous getter material in which the majori-ties of the pores have diameters greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm, with the mean value of pore diameter ranging from about 7 nm to about 20 nm. The getter material may be substantially Al2O3.
By disposing such a getter within the contact chamber of a switching device, such as an electromagnetic relay, molecules of, for instance, organic compounds, may by selectively and over long terms adsorbed to the getter and thus kept away from the contracts. The selective adsorption of such molecules is achieved by a porous getter material in which the majori-ties of the pores have diameters greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm, with the mean value of pore diameter ranging from about 7 nm to about 20 nm. The getter material may be substantially Al2O3.
Description
3.~9~ l Back~round of the Invention This invention relates to a getter and an electrical switching system using such getter, wherein the getter is made of a porous getter material which has an adsorptive effect on substances which could create film resistances on electrical contacts.
The purpose of using a ~etter in a sealed contact chamber is to prevent molecules, e.g. of organic compounds, fro~ forming film resistances on electrical contacts by long-termed adsorption. Although it is known in the art that the gettering effect should be selective with respect to such particular substances, previous solutions were in-successful because it had not been recognized that a generally high gettering effect even can be harmful for electrical contacts. This is true, for example, if conven-tional getter materials known from vacuum technology are used. The pores o~ such getter materials have average dia-meters of no more than 2 to 4 nm and are therefore mainly only capable of adsorbing small molecules~ for example those of protective gases present in the contact chamber.
In the periodical "Siemens Components" No. 19 (1981), vol. 5, pag~ 158, there i5 an indication that, due to variations in the pore size as caused in production, the inner surEace of an activated carbon getter can amount to as much as 2.000 m2/g which leads to the conclusion that the , ~ :
' ~ ~79~
pores are extremely small, with an average diameter of less than 2 nm. Such a getter will cause a reduction of the pressure which, in turn, will considerably reduce the electric strength of the contacts. On the other hand, if the leakage rate of the contact chamber is greater than 10 5 cm3.bar/s, the getter may be saturated by gases leaking into the contact chamber ~efore the relay or other switching device is put into operation. In this casel a gettering of molecules which create film resistances will take place to an insignificant extent only.
It is ~urthermore known from the same periodical that, with-activated carbon getters having widely varying pore diameters, loaded with styrene vapor and produced in accordance with a special technology, a relative increase in weight of about 50~ resulting in a saturation of the ; getter occurs already after 2.5 hours. Since it is further described that the getter has an absorptive power of ~V = 2 cm3 and a contact chamber ha~ing a volume V1 = 0.12 cm3 was available, an apparent inner volume V2 = V1 + ~V = 2.12 cm3 was available when the getter was introduced in the contact chamber. Under these circumstances, i~ the contact chambex is sealed at a pressure P1 = 1 bar =
105 N/m2, the pressure P2 within the contact chamber at thermal pressure is reduced to about P2 = Vv1 , P1 = 2-112 1 bar = 56.6 mbar, , ,~,, 3 ~79~1 ~
which causes a decrease in the electric strength by more than 60%.
To avoid reduction in quality by a lowering of the pressure and also to avoid premature saturation of the getter, German patent specification No, 2 462 277 proposes an approach in which a BaOFe magnet having relatively large pores is activated as a getter, with the option of using an additional getter. This turned out to be quite useful over long terms. By using the activated magnet alone, a reduction of the film resistance at the contacts by about 10 mQ, thus an increase in the contact reliability by a fa`~tor of about 100 was achieved. ~evertheless, foreign - layers on the average order of about 10 mn remained. The use of an additional getter having substantially smaller pores led to further success. This/ however, has the dis-advantage of increased production cost and/or the restriction to polari~ed relays or other polarized switching devices.
German patent specification No. 1 243 271, German Auslegeschrift No. 2 646 680, and German Off~nlegungschrift No. 2 931 596 propose~ to produce the contact chamber or a coil bobbin forming a contact chamber entirely or partly of a getter material. In one case, it was intended to bind ions generated by discharges within the contact chamber, while the other case aimed at a higher gettering effect than ~hat achieved with known getter materlals such as activated carbon. In these proposals, however, the above-mentioned disadvantageous evacuating effect is even stronger, particularly since only the gettering effect bu~ not the adsorptive power with respect to molecules forming film resistances was taken into account. Actually, it would have been necessary to limit the gettering surface, i.e. the ~ettering effect, to a certain degree to prevent the pressure from being substantially reduced. This would be diferent in vacuum or high-vacuum contact chambers in which pressures below 10 1 mbar exist.
It is an object of the invention to provide a getter for use in a sealed contact chamber, which is capable o a long-term and selective adsorption chiefly of those molecules which have a tendency to form film resistances on the contacts, and which can be employed with relays and 15 other switching devices without problem. f It is another object of the invention to provide an electrical switching system which includes electrical con-tacts and a getter disposed in a housing sealed against the environment, the getter being capable of a long-term and 20 selective adsorption chiefly of those molecules which have a tendency to form film resistances on the contacts, and which can be employed with relays and other switching devices without problem.
9 ~
Summary of the Inventlon The getter used in accordance with this invention con-sists of a porous ~etter material adapted to adsorb substan-ces capable of creating film resistances ~n electrical con-tacts, wherein the majority of the pores has a diameter greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm, with the pore diameter mean value ranging from about 7 nm to about 20 nm.
A contact chamber is thus achieved in which a protec-tive gas atmosphere is substantially maintained because the activated getter matexial due to the si~e of its pores adsorbs predominant~y substances, such as organic polymeres, which create film resistances on the contacts, whereas the considerably smaller molecules of the protective gas are adsorbed to a negligible extent only. The getter according to this invention thus has a selective effect and, because of the low concentration of molecules to be adsorbed, the getter is saturated only upon expiry of a long useful life.
A long-texm gettering effect is thus achieved without any noticeable evacuation of the contact cha:mber which could reduce the electric strength. The pore size required for the molecules to be adsorbed can be realized by a specially adapted process of manufacturing the getter material.
Further objects, advantages and preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.
~ ~ 7~3-~ 1 Brlef Descri~tlon_of the Drawin~s Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an electro-magnetic relay with a getter pellet inserted.
- Figures 2(a) to 2(e) represent various stages in the production of a getter pellet.
Detailed Descri~tion of Preferred Embodiments In the relay shown in Fig. 1, a bobbin 10 having a coil 11 is disposed on a base plate 9 provided with termi-nals 8. A contact reed 12 extends through a coaxial opening of the bobbin 10 and has one of its ends mounted on a carrier 13. The other, free end of the reed 12 is disposed between-two fixed contacts 14 and 15 which also serve as pole shoes of a permanent magnet 10 disposed between the fixed contacts.
The thus formed polarized relay is sealed within a metal cap 17 disposed on the base plate 9.
' A getter pellet 1 i5 mounted by means of an adhesive 4 to the inner side of that end wall of the cap 17 which is adjacent to the free end of the reed 12 and to the fixed con-tacts 14 and 15. Preerably, the getter pellet 1 consists substantially of alumina (Al203) mi~ed with an organic binder and having a pore diameter which is greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm with an average value ranging from about ~ 7 --.
7 nm to about 20 nm. For avoiding contamination of the getter material by the adhesive 4 or its solvent, a layer
The purpose of using a ~etter in a sealed contact chamber is to prevent molecules, e.g. of organic compounds, fro~ forming film resistances on electrical contacts by long-termed adsorption. Although it is known in the art that the gettering effect should be selective with respect to such particular substances, previous solutions were in-successful because it had not been recognized that a generally high gettering effect even can be harmful for electrical contacts. This is true, for example, if conven-tional getter materials known from vacuum technology are used. The pores o~ such getter materials have average dia-meters of no more than 2 to 4 nm and are therefore mainly only capable of adsorbing small molecules~ for example those of protective gases present in the contact chamber.
In the periodical "Siemens Components" No. 19 (1981), vol. 5, pag~ 158, there i5 an indication that, due to variations in the pore size as caused in production, the inner surEace of an activated carbon getter can amount to as much as 2.000 m2/g which leads to the conclusion that the , ~ :
' ~ ~79~
pores are extremely small, with an average diameter of less than 2 nm. Such a getter will cause a reduction of the pressure which, in turn, will considerably reduce the electric strength of the contacts. On the other hand, if the leakage rate of the contact chamber is greater than 10 5 cm3.bar/s, the getter may be saturated by gases leaking into the contact chamber ~efore the relay or other switching device is put into operation. In this casel a gettering of molecules which create film resistances will take place to an insignificant extent only.
It is ~urthermore known from the same periodical that, with-activated carbon getters having widely varying pore diameters, loaded with styrene vapor and produced in accordance with a special technology, a relative increase in weight of about 50~ resulting in a saturation of the ; getter occurs already after 2.5 hours. Since it is further described that the getter has an absorptive power of ~V = 2 cm3 and a contact chamber ha~ing a volume V1 = 0.12 cm3 was available, an apparent inner volume V2 = V1 + ~V = 2.12 cm3 was available when the getter was introduced in the contact chamber. Under these circumstances, i~ the contact chambex is sealed at a pressure P1 = 1 bar =
105 N/m2, the pressure P2 within the contact chamber at thermal pressure is reduced to about P2 = Vv1 , P1 = 2-112 1 bar = 56.6 mbar, , ,~,, 3 ~79~1 ~
which causes a decrease in the electric strength by more than 60%.
To avoid reduction in quality by a lowering of the pressure and also to avoid premature saturation of the getter, German patent specification No, 2 462 277 proposes an approach in which a BaOFe magnet having relatively large pores is activated as a getter, with the option of using an additional getter. This turned out to be quite useful over long terms. By using the activated magnet alone, a reduction of the film resistance at the contacts by about 10 mQ, thus an increase in the contact reliability by a fa`~tor of about 100 was achieved. ~evertheless, foreign - layers on the average order of about 10 mn remained. The use of an additional getter having substantially smaller pores led to further success. This/ however, has the dis-advantage of increased production cost and/or the restriction to polari~ed relays or other polarized switching devices.
German patent specification No. 1 243 271, German Auslegeschrift No. 2 646 680, and German Off~nlegungschrift No. 2 931 596 propose~ to produce the contact chamber or a coil bobbin forming a contact chamber entirely or partly of a getter material. In one case, it was intended to bind ions generated by discharges within the contact chamber, while the other case aimed at a higher gettering effect than ~hat achieved with known getter materlals such as activated carbon. In these proposals, however, the above-mentioned disadvantageous evacuating effect is even stronger, particularly since only the gettering effect bu~ not the adsorptive power with respect to molecules forming film resistances was taken into account. Actually, it would have been necessary to limit the gettering surface, i.e. the ~ettering effect, to a certain degree to prevent the pressure from being substantially reduced. This would be diferent in vacuum or high-vacuum contact chambers in which pressures below 10 1 mbar exist.
It is an object of the invention to provide a getter for use in a sealed contact chamber, which is capable o a long-term and selective adsorption chiefly of those molecules which have a tendency to form film resistances on the contacts, and which can be employed with relays and 15 other switching devices without problem. f It is another object of the invention to provide an electrical switching system which includes electrical con-tacts and a getter disposed in a housing sealed against the environment, the getter being capable of a long-term and 20 selective adsorption chiefly of those molecules which have a tendency to form film resistances on the contacts, and which can be employed with relays and other switching devices without problem.
9 ~
Summary of the Inventlon The getter used in accordance with this invention con-sists of a porous ~etter material adapted to adsorb substan-ces capable of creating film resistances ~n electrical con-tacts, wherein the majority of the pores has a diameter greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm, with the pore diameter mean value ranging from about 7 nm to about 20 nm.
A contact chamber is thus achieved in which a protec-tive gas atmosphere is substantially maintained because the activated getter matexial due to the si~e of its pores adsorbs predominant~y substances, such as organic polymeres, which create film resistances on the contacts, whereas the considerably smaller molecules of the protective gas are adsorbed to a negligible extent only. The getter according to this invention thus has a selective effect and, because of the low concentration of molecules to be adsorbed, the getter is saturated only upon expiry of a long useful life.
A long-texm gettering effect is thus achieved without any noticeable evacuation of the contact cha:mber which could reduce the electric strength. The pore size required for the molecules to be adsorbed can be realized by a specially adapted process of manufacturing the getter material.
Further objects, advantages and preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.
~ ~ 7~3-~ 1 Brlef Descri~tlon_of the Drawin~s Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an electro-magnetic relay with a getter pellet inserted.
- Figures 2(a) to 2(e) represent various stages in the production of a getter pellet.
Detailed Descri~tion of Preferred Embodiments In the relay shown in Fig. 1, a bobbin 10 having a coil 11 is disposed on a base plate 9 provided with termi-nals 8. A contact reed 12 extends through a coaxial opening of the bobbin 10 and has one of its ends mounted on a carrier 13. The other, free end of the reed 12 is disposed between-two fixed contacts 14 and 15 which also serve as pole shoes of a permanent magnet 10 disposed between the fixed contacts.
The thus formed polarized relay is sealed within a metal cap 17 disposed on the base plate 9.
' A getter pellet 1 i5 mounted by means of an adhesive 4 to the inner side of that end wall of the cap 17 which is adjacent to the free end of the reed 12 and to the fixed con-tacts 14 and 15. Preerably, the getter pellet 1 consists substantially of alumina (Al203) mi~ed with an organic binder and having a pore diameter which is greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm with an average value ranging from about ~ 7 --.
7 nm to about 20 nm. For avoiding contamination of the getter material by the adhesive 4 or its solvent, a layer
2 of waterglass ~e.g. Na2SiO3 or X2SiO3) acting as a diffu-sion barrier is interposed hetween the getter pellet 1 and the adhesive 4. As shown in Fig. 1 and, more clearly, in Fig. 2(d), this layer 2 may be provided also at the lateral surfaces of the getter pellet 1 so that only ~he surface la of the getter pellet 1 facing the contact chamber i9 exposed as an active surface.
Preferably, the interior of the relay which forms the contact chamber is filled with a protective gas of such a humidity that, by the influence of the getter material, a relative humidity of no less than 5% and no more than 40% is achieved. By adsorbing H20 molecules which may diffuse from the environment into the contact chamber even after the chamber has been hermetically sealed, the getter material ensuxes a constant humidity of the protective gas.
This in turn achieves a aonstant e~lectric strength with respect to the contacts.
The getter material is preferably produced by sintering.
The binder required for the shaping evaporates during the sintering. The intended pore size can be obtained by a proper selection of the binder, the pressure during the shaping, and the sintering temperature and tlme.
By fixing the getter pellet 1 to the metal cap 17, a temperature drop between the contacts and the getter material .
is produeed in such a way that the ~etter material is regularly colder than the eontaets. This adds to the precipitation of pollutants on the getter.
Regularly, the relay is warmer than ~he environment due to the energy consumption which takes place at the coil and the contacts, and the heat is dissipated via the housing.
The eooling oecurring at the housing reduces the tempera-ture of the getter material which supports the gettering effeet.
The size of the getter pellet is selected in view of its gettering effect and in view of the volume of the con-taet chamber in sueh a manner that no substantial deerease in pressure will oecur within the contact chamber. A eon-stant and long-term eleetric strength is thus guaranteed 15 in addition to the gettering effect.
To initiate the gettering effect, the getter material is preferably adapted to be aetivated at a temperature of at least 100C and at a vacuum of about 10 8 bar. Gases as well as crystalline H20 eontained in the pores will 20 thereby be released.
An eeonomic production preferably starts from a plate 5 of getter material as shown in Fig. 2(a), which is provided with orthogonally intersectiny grooves 6 that form breaking lines or dividing the plate into individual getter pellets 25 one of which is shown in Fig. 2(b). In aecordanee with 0 E'ig. 2te) the individual getter pellets 1 are then covered _ g _ ., .. "' ' ~
~ ~79~1 ~
with a layer 2 of waterglass on one of their two largest surfaces, possibly also on the four lateral surfaces as shown in Fig. 2(d). Subsequently, the large surface of the getter pellet 1 which is covered with the waterglass layer 2 is coated with an adhesive 4 as shown in Fig. 2(e), which serves to fix the getter pellet to a wall or any other structural element o~ the contact chamber.
Preferably, the interior of the relay which forms the contact chamber is filled with a protective gas of such a humidity that, by the influence of the getter material, a relative humidity of no less than 5% and no more than 40% is achieved. By adsorbing H20 molecules which may diffuse from the environment into the contact chamber even after the chamber has been hermetically sealed, the getter material ensuxes a constant humidity of the protective gas.
This in turn achieves a aonstant e~lectric strength with respect to the contacts.
The getter material is preferably produced by sintering.
The binder required for the shaping evaporates during the sintering. The intended pore size can be obtained by a proper selection of the binder, the pressure during the shaping, and the sintering temperature and tlme.
By fixing the getter pellet 1 to the metal cap 17, a temperature drop between the contacts and the getter material .
is produeed in such a way that the ~etter material is regularly colder than the eontaets. This adds to the precipitation of pollutants on the getter.
Regularly, the relay is warmer than ~he environment due to the energy consumption which takes place at the coil and the contacts, and the heat is dissipated via the housing.
The eooling oecurring at the housing reduces the tempera-ture of the getter material which supports the gettering effeet.
The size of the getter pellet is selected in view of its gettering effect and in view of the volume of the con-taet chamber in sueh a manner that no substantial deerease in pressure will oecur within the contact chamber. A eon-stant and long-term eleetric strength is thus guaranteed 15 in addition to the gettering effect.
To initiate the gettering effect, the getter material is preferably adapted to be aetivated at a temperature of at least 100C and at a vacuum of about 10 8 bar. Gases as well as crystalline H20 eontained in the pores will 20 thereby be released.
An eeonomic production preferably starts from a plate 5 of getter material as shown in Fig. 2(a), which is provided with orthogonally intersectiny grooves 6 that form breaking lines or dividing the plate into individual getter pellets 25 one of which is shown in Fig. 2(b). In aecordanee with 0 E'ig. 2te) the individual getter pellets 1 are then covered _ g _ ., .. "' ' ~
~ ~79~1 ~
with a layer 2 of waterglass on one of their two largest surfaces, possibly also on the four lateral surfaces as shown in Fig. 2(d). Subsequently, the large surface of the getter pellet 1 which is covered with the waterglass layer 2 is coated with an adhesive 4 as shown in Fig. 2(e), which serves to fix the getter pellet to a wall or any other structural element o~ the contact chamber.
Claims (15)
1. A getter for use in a sealed contact chamber, consisting of a porous getter material adapted to adsorb substances capable of creating film resistances on electrical contacts, the majority of the pores in said getter material having diameters greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm, the pore diameter mean value ranging from about 7 nm to about 20 nm.
2. The getter of claim 1, wherein said getter material is substantially alumina (Al203).
3. The getter of claim 2, wherein said getter material is capable of being activated at a temperature of at least 100°C and a vacuum of about 10-8 bar.
4. The getter of claim 1, wherein said getter material is shaped as a plate having orthogonally intersecting grooves defining breaking lines for dividing the plate into a plurality of individual getter pellets.
5. The getter of claim 1, wherein a pellet of said getter material is provided on one surface with an adhesive for fixing the pellet to a structural element inside said contact chamber, a diffusion barrier layer being interposed between said surface and said adhesive.
6. The getter of claim 5, wherein said diffusion barrier layer consists of waterglass selected from the group inclu-ding Na2SiO3 and K2SiO3.
7. An electric switching system comprising a housing sealed against the environment, electrical contacts and a getter disposed in said housing, the getter consisting of a porous material adapted to adsorb substances capable of creating film resistances on the electrical contacts, the majority of the pores in said getter material having diameters greater than 3 nm and smaller than 100 nm, the pore diameter mean value ranging from about 7 nm to about 20 nm.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein said getter material is substantially alumina (A12O3).
9. The system of claim 8, wherein said getter material is capable of being activated at a temperature of at least 100°C and a vacuum of about 10-8 bar.
10. The system of claim 7, wherein such a temperature gradient exists within said housing, that the getter is normally colder than said contacts.
11. The system of claim 7, wherein a pellet of said getter material is provided on one surface with an adhesive for fixing the pellet to a structural element inside said housing, a diffusion barrier layer being interposed between said surface and said adhesive.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein said diffusion barrier layer consists of waterglass selected from the group inclu-ding Na2SiO3 and K2SiO3.
13. The system of claim 10, wherein a portion of said sealed housing is formed by a metal cap, said pellet of getter material being fixed to an interior wall of said metal cap.
14. The system of claim 7, wherein said housing is filled with a protective gas of such a humidity that the action of the getter will result in a relative humidity of no less than 5% and no more than 40%.
15. The system of claim 7, wherein the volume of said getter is selected in consideration of its gettering effect and of the volume of said sealed housing so as to avoid substantial reduction of the pressure within the sealed housing.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP48766/1981 | 1981-03-31 | ||
| JP56048766A JPS57162644A (en) | 1981-03-31 | 1981-03-31 | Gas adsorbent |
| DEP3200392.7-34 | 1982-01-08 | ||
| DE3200392A DE3200392C2 (en) | 1981-03-31 | 1982-01-08 | Hermetically sealed switching chamber for electromagnetic relays |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1179311A true CA1179311A (en) | 1984-12-11 |
Family
ID=25798806
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000399634A Expired CA1179311A (en) | 1981-03-31 | 1982-03-29 | Getter and electrical switching system using such getter |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4430537A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0061655B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1179311A (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3001437B2 (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2000-01-24 | 東北日本電気株式会社 | Electrical contact and its activation suppression method |
| AUPQ230499A0 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 1999-09-09 | University Of Sydney, The | Evacuated glass panel with getter and method of construction thereof |
| RU2007134254A (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2009-03-27 | Саес Джеттерс С.П.А. (It) | FLEXIBLE MULTI-LAYER GAS DRINKER |
| JP4327747B2 (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2009-09-09 | 双葉電子工業株式会社 | Electronic device having non-evaporable getter and method for manufacturing the electronic device |
| ES2378198B1 (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2012-12-28 | Abengoa Solar New Technologies S.A. | NEW NON-EVAPORABLE GETTER DISPOSITION FOR SOLAR COLLECTOR TUBE. |
| US9416581B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2016-08-16 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Vacuum insulated glass (VIG) window unit including hybrid getter and making same |
| US9388628B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2016-07-12 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Vacuum insulated glass (VIG) window unit with getter structure and method of making same |
| EP3462472B1 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2022-04-20 | Tyco Electronics Componentes Electromecânicos Lda | Seal housing for an electrical device and sealed relay using the seal housing |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3124671A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | Jgjtg | ||
| US2295694A (en) * | 1941-06-19 | 1942-09-15 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Water vapor getter |
| FR1109644A (en) * | 1954-08-09 | 1956-01-31 | Philips Nv | Stop Layer Electrode System |
| FR1482981A (en) * | 1966-04-19 | 1967-06-02 | Pechiney Saint Gobain | Porous materials in agglomerated alumina |
| GB1269273A (en) * | 1969-06-06 | 1972-04-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Preparation of crystalline alumina by homogenous precipitation |
| DE2320618A1 (en) * | 1973-04-24 | 1974-11-21 | Deutsche Fernsprecher Gmbh | HERMETICALLY SEALED RELAY |
| DE2933443A1 (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-02-26 | Siemens Ag | HOUSING FOR AN ELECTRICAL COMPONENT |
-
1982
- 1982-03-17 EP EP82102182A patent/EP0061655B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-03-29 CA CA000399634A patent/CA1179311A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-03-30 US US06/363,584 patent/US4430537A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0061655B1 (en) | 1986-10-08 |
| EP0061655A2 (en) | 1982-10-06 |
| EP0061655A3 (en) | 1983-04-27 |
| US4430537A (en) | 1984-02-07 |
| EP0061655B2 (en) | 1990-03-28 |
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