CA1173305A - Surface treatment method of heat-resistant alloy - Google Patents
Surface treatment method of heat-resistant alloyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1173305A CA1173305A CA000383402A CA383402A CA1173305A CA 1173305 A CA1173305 A CA 1173305A CA 000383402 A CA000383402 A CA 000383402A CA 383402 A CA383402 A CA 383402A CA 1173305 A CA1173305 A CA 1173305A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- layer
- alloy
- coating
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/30—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes using a layer of powder or paste on the surface
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method of surface treating an article made of heat-resistant alloy comprises spraying onto the surface of the article, a first layer of a coating of a heat resistant material comprising for example a metal such as Ni or Cr or a Ni-Cr alloy or a compound thereof.
liquid coating containing a corrosion resistant material is then applied onto the first layer. The article is then heat treated to effect penetration by diffusion of one coating into the other.
A method of surface treating an article made of heat-resistant alloy comprises spraying onto the surface of the article, a first layer of a coating of a heat resistant material comprising for example a metal such as Ni or Cr or a Ni-Cr alloy or a compound thereof.
liquid coating containing a corrosion resistant material is then applied onto the first layer. The article is then heat treated to effect penetration by diffusion of one coating into the other.
Description
;3 .. `
This inven-tion relates to a me-thod oE surface trea-ting a member of heat-resis-tant alloy for use in turbines, blowers, boilers or the like to render it resistant to hiyh temperature oxidation as well as to high temperature corrosion.
In industrial gas turbines using petroleum or na-tural gas as the fuel, gas -temperature at the turbine inlet tends to become higher as -the turbine efficiency is improved. On the other hand, as the available fuel supply has changed for the worse in recent years, -the fuels used for the turbines have been diversified and the content of corrosive impurities in the fuels such as sulphur (S), sodium (Na), vanadium (V), and so forth has tended to increase. As a result~ so-called "hot parts" such as the blades and burners of turbines, that are exposed to these high temperature gases, are subjected to extremely severe high temperature oxidation as well as high temperature corrosion.
~ hese hot parts have conventionally been made primarily oE heat-resistant alloys. In particular turbine blades consist of Ni- and Co-based alloys called "ultra-alloys".
However, since high temperature strength is generally a top priority requirement for these ultra-alloys, they have the lrawback that their corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are not satisEactory. Various attempts have , ..
therefore been made to provide these heat-resistant alloys . ~
with oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and various surface treatmentmethods using, for example, chemical .i .
and physical techniques, have been employed. ~lowever, none of these methods has been really satisfactory as regards efficiency and cost.
~.,. .`. ~ .
~ 30 .. ~ ~ .
.. ~ ' ~
,' .; ''' 3~
:: -2-.. 1 The present inven-tion is directed to providing a me-thod which overcomes the deficiencies of -the previous methods. Acordingly, in order -to provide an article of heat-resi.stan-t al].oy with high temperature oxida-tion resistance and high temperature corrosion resis-tance, the presen-t .. invention provides a surface treatmen-t method which i.s charac-terized by the steps of coati.ng, by spraying onto the surface of the ar-ticle, a heat-resistant material of metals such as Ni and Cr or Ni-Cr alloys or their compounds - 10 as a first layer, then applying, as a second layer~ a liquid . coating containing metals such as A~ , Si, Cr, Ta and the like or their alloys or compounds as the corrosion-resistant material by means of spraying-coating, brush-coa-ting or the like, and heat-treating the coated surface.
The surface trea-tment method of the present invention provides the characterizing features as illustrated in Table l in comparison with the conventional methods.
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- ~ -1 The present inven-tion will now be descxibed in more de~ail by reEerence to an example.
A substrate of ~dimet 520 (by weight l9~ Cr, 12~ Co, 6% Mo, 3% Ti, 2~ A~, l~ Fe, Ni-Bal), widely used as an ultra-alloy for the hot parts of a cJas turbine, was treated in the following sequence:
~l) After the surface oE the substrate had been cleaned with an alkaline emulsion cleaning agent, steam cleaning was carried out using a Fluron type solvent. The surface was further blasted using an AQ2O3 blast.
This inven-tion relates to a me-thod oE surface trea-ting a member of heat-resis-tant alloy for use in turbines, blowers, boilers or the like to render it resistant to hiyh temperature oxidation as well as to high temperature corrosion.
In industrial gas turbines using petroleum or na-tural gas as the fuel, gas -temperature at the turbine inlet tends to become higher as -the turbine efficiency is improved. On the other hand, as the available fuel supply has changed for the worse in recent years, -the fuels used for the turbines have been diversified and the content of corrosive impurities in the fuels such as sulphur (S), sodium (Na), vanadium (V), and so forth has tended to increase. As a result~ so-called "hot parts" such as the blades and burners of turbines, that are exposed to these high temperature gases, are subjected to extremely severe high temperature oxidation as well as high temperature corrosion.
~ hese hot parts have conventionally been made primarily oE heat-resistant alloys. In particular turbine blades consist of Ni- and Co-based alloys called "ultra-alloys".
However, since high temperature strength is generally a top priority requirement for these ultra-alloys, they have the lrawback that their corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are not satisEactory. Various attempts have , ..
therefore been made to provide these heat-resistant alloys . ~
with oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and various surface treatmentmethods using, for example, chemical .i .
and physical techniques, have been employed. ~lowever, none of these methods has been really satisfactory as regards efficiency and cost.
~.,. .`. ~ .
~ 30 .. ~ ~ .
.. ~ ' ~
,' .; ''' 3~
:: -2-.. 1 The present inven-tion is directed to providing a me-thod which overcomes the deficiencies of -the previous methods. Acordingly, in order -to provide an article of heat-resi.stan-t al].oy with high temperature oxida-tion resistance and high temperature corrosion resis-tance, the presen-t .. invention provides a surface treatmen-t method which i.s charac-terized by the steps of coati.ng, by spraying onto the surface of the ar-ticle, a heat-resistant material of metals such as Ni and Cr or Ni-Cr alloys or their compounds - 10 as a first layer, then applying, as a second layer~ a liquid . coating containing metals such as A~ , Si, Cr, Ta and the like or their alloys or compounds as the corrosion-resistant material by means of spraying-coating, brush-coa-ting or the like, and heat-treating the coated surface.
The surface trea-tment method of the present invention provides the characterizing features as illustrated in Table l in comparison with the conventional methods.
' ., .;` .
:
' : ~ 30 , . .
~" ~*~' .
.; ' ; ., ' ~ 7;~
!
.~ ~ ~ . . .
3 ~ 5 ~ 3~ ~ L ~' ~ ~ xe ~ ~ ~ ~
,~ ~, ~ b~ ~
I ~ 6 ~ ~ ~
~ I j ~ ~ ! 3 ! ~ e g ! ~ 3 ~
:. . . - ~eo;~
P~r~
. - 3 :;~
~7~r~
- ~ -1 The present inven-tion will now be descxibed in more de~ail by reEerence to an example.
A substrate of ~dimet 520 (by weight l9~ Cr, 12~ Co, 6% Mo, 3% Ti, 2~ A~, l~ Fe, Ni-Bal), widely used as an ultra-alloy for the hot parts of a cJas turbine, was treated in the following sequence:
~l) After the surface oE the substrate had been cleaned with an alkaline emulsion cleaning agent, steam cleaning was carried out using a Fluron type solvent. The surface was further blasted using an AQ2O3 blast.
(2) a Ni-Cr (50/50 by weight) alloy was applied as a coating to form a first layer having a thickness oE about 50~ by plasma spraying.
(3) The surface of the sprayed-on first layer was blastedusing AJ~23 to remove any oxide film formed on its ; outermost surface.
(4) The surface of the sprayed-on first layer was coated by spraying it with a coating slurry formed by dis-persing AJ~and SiO2, each having a particle size of about 0.1 to 1~, in an organic carrier ~alcohol, solvent naph-tha, etc) to form a second layer.
; (5) After these treatments, the substrate was placed in an electric furnace and was held at 80C. (~ 5C) for 20 minutes to evaporate and remove the liquid. After being further held at 330C (~ 5C) for 15 minutes, the substrate was withdrawn from the furn~ce.
(6) The substrate was held at l,080C for 4 hours '; .
inside a hydrogen furnace, was cooled in the furnace and was then withdrawn.
;~ 30 ..,~
.,' .^
3 ~
1 Above mentioned s-tep (4) could be carried out using a mix-ture oE fine A~ particles with Ai~ 2O3 powder in a mi~ing ratio by welght of 80/20 or 50/50 or a mixture ; oE A wi-th SiO2 in a mixing ratio by weiyht of 80/20 or 50/50. Also step (6) could be carried ou-t us:in~ a vacuum furnace in place oE -the hydrogen furnace.
Although in this example Udimet 520 has been - treated by the method of the invention by way of example~
similar excellent results can also be obtained when treating the surfaces of other substrates such as Ni-based alloy, Co-based alloy and stainless steel.
The costed surface of -the substrate provided by the above described method had an extremely smooth and flat ; sur~ace, and ~RJand Si from the second layer s~lffic:iently penetrated by diffusion into the first layer, thereby "
r~ ~ completely eliminating the fine pores of the first layer.
Hence, the composite coating was rendered wholly homogeneous.
~:- In other words, since the melting point o~ ~ is 660C, A~, was fused due to the heat-treatment and penetrated into the fine pores, thus presumably rendering the surface smooth ; and flat. Further, it was confirmed that a part of A~J
,. .
~i and Si reached and was also diffused also into the substrate~
Table 2 illustrates the results of fly-ash errosion ., .
; resistance test, corrosion resistance test, and practical ~ . .
application test using gas turbine blades, each test being applied to a member treated by a method in accordance with the present invention and a member treated by a conventional method. The composite coating produced by the method in accordance with the present invention had a better performance in comparison with that produced by the conventional me-thod i:
: :.
~ ~.
-,''. , ~ . .
.
1 in the fly-ash errosion resistance test and the corrosion resistance test. In the practical application test using gas turbi.ne blades/ too, the coated blade produced using - the method of the presen-t invention exhibited the tendency that the deposition amount of the fuel ash became smaller.
In a therrnal impact -test comprising holding the testpiece at l,100C for 15 minu-tes, then charying it into water at . 20C, and repeating these procedures five times, the composite coating produced by the method of the present invention .~ 10 did not suffer peeling or cracking and had extremely good adhesion.
' :.
., ,, 'i , . . .
. . .
~. 20 ~;, .
~ ;""
:, ., ; .
,,';
, ,' " ' .
; ~:
. . .
:' .
; (5) After these treatments, the substrate was placed in an electric furnace and was held at 80C. (~ 5C) for 20 minutes to evaporate and remove the liquid. After being further held at 330C (~ 5C) for 15 minutes, the substrate was withdrawn from the furn~ce.
(6) The substrate was held at l,080C for 4 hours '; .
inside a hydrogen furnace, was cooled in the furnace and was then withdrawn.
;~ 30 ..,~
.,' .^
3 ~
1 Above mentioned s-tep (4) could be carried out using a mix-ture oE fine A~ particles with Ai~ 2O3 powder in a mi~ing ratio by welght of 80/20 or 50/50 or a mixture ; oE A wi-th SiO2 in a mixing ratio by weiyht of 80/20 or 50/50. Also step (6) could be carried ou-t us:in~ a vacuum furnace in place oE -the hydrogen furnace.
Although in this example Udimet 520 has been - treated by the method of the invention by way of example~
similar excellent results can also be obtained when treating the surfaces of other substrates such as Ni-based alloy, Co-based alloy and stainless steel.
The costed surface of -the substrate provided by the above described method had an extremely smooth and flat ; sur~ace, and ~RJand Si from the second layer s~lffic:iently penetrated by diffusion into the first layer, thereby "
r~ ~ completely eliminating the fine pores of the first layer.
Hence, the composite coating was rendered wholly homogeneous.
~:- In other words, since the melting point o~ ~ is 660C, A~, was fused due to the heat-treatment and penetrated into the fine pores, thus presumably rendering the surface smooth ; and flat. Further, it was confirmed that a part of A~J
,. .
~i and Si reached and was also diffused also into the substrate~
Table 2 illustrates the results of fly-ash errosion ., .
; resistance test, corrosion resistance test, and practical ~ . .
application test using gas turbine blades, each test being applied to a member treated by a method in accordance with the present invention and a member treated by a conventional method. The composite coating produced by the method in accordance with the present invention had a better performance in comparison with that produced by the conventional me-thod i:
: :.
~ ~.
-,''. , ~ . .
.
1 in the fly-ash errosion resistance test and the corrosion resistance test. In the practical application test using gas turbi.ne blades/ too, the coated blade produced using - the method of the presen-t invention exhibited the tendency that the deposition amount of the fuel ash became smaller.
In a therrnal impact -test comprising holding the testpiece at l,100C for 15 minu-tes, then charying it into water at . 20C, and repeating these procedures five times, the composite coating produced by the method of the present invention .~ 10 did not suffer peeling or cracking and had extremely good adhesion.
' :.
., ,, 'i , . . .
. . .
~. 20 ~;, .
~ ;""
:, ., ; .
,,';
, ,' " ' .
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:' .
Claims (6)
1. A method of treating a surface of a metal alloy article, which comprises:
coating said surface with a member selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr, a Ni-Cr alloy, a Ni compound and a Cr compound to form a first layer on said surface, coating said first layer with a liquid containing (1) a member selected from the group consisting of Al, an alloy thereof and a compound thereof, and (2) a member selected from the group consisting of Si, an alloy thereof and a compound thereof, to form a second layer on said first layer, and heat-treating said coated article to diffuse one of said layers into the other of said layers.
coating said surface with a member selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr, a Ni-Cr alloy, a Ni compound and a Cr compound to form a first layer on said surface, coating said first layer with a liquid containing (1) a member selected from the group consisting of Al, an alloy thereof and a compound thereof, and (2) a member selected from the group consisting of Si, an alloy thereof and a compound thereof, to form a second layer on said first layer, and heat-treating said coated article to diffuse one of said layers into the other of said layers.
2. A method according to Claim 1, wherein said liquid comprises a slurry.
3. A method according to Claim l,wherein the liquid comprises a slurry formed by dispersing A?and SiO2 in a liquid carrier.
4. A method according to Claim 3, wherein said A?
and SiO2 have a particle size of about 0.1µ to 1µ.
and SiO2 have a particle size of about 0.1µ to 1µ.
5. A method according to Claim 1, wherein the heat treatment includes the step of holding the coated article at about 1080°C.
6. A method to Claim 5, wherein said step in the heat treatment is preceded by a heating step to evaporate the liquid, followed by heat treatment at about 330°C.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12873880A JPS5754282A (en) | 1980-09-17 | 1980-09-17 | Surface treatment of heat resistant alloy |
| JP55-128738 | 1980-09-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1173305A true CA1173305A (en) | 1984-08-28 |
Family
ID=14992227
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000383402A Expired CA1173305A (en) | 1980-09-17 | 1981-08-07 | Surface treatment method of heat-resistant alloy |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0048083B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5754282A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1173305A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3173970D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58177458A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1983-10-18 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Cementation method of nickel-chromium alloy |
| JPS63487A (en) * | 1986-06-19 | 1988-01-05 | Tookaro Kk | Heat resistance member having oxide film on coating of chromium-contained thermal spraying metal |
| US5789077A (en) | 1994-06-27 | 1998-08-04 | Ebara Corporation | Method of forming carbide-base composite coatings, the composite coatings formed by that method, and members having thermally sprayed chromium carbide coatings |
| DE19824792B4 (en) | 1998-06-03 | 2005-06-30 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method for producing an adhesive layer for a thermal barrier coating |
| US6294261B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-09-25 | General Electric Company | Method for smoothing the surface of a protective coating |
| WO2007067185A2 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2007-06-14 | Aeromet Technologies, Inc. | Turbine engine components with non-aluminide silicon-containing and chromium-containing protective coatings and methods of forming such non-aluminide protective coatings |
| US20060057418A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-16 | Aeromet Technologies, Inc. | Alluminide coatings containing silicon and yttrium for superalloys and method of forming such coatings |
| US9133718B2 (en) | 2004-12-13 | 2015-09-15 | Mt Coatings, Llc | Turbine engine components with non-aluminide silicon-containing and chromium-containing protective coatings and methods of forming such non-aluminide protective coatings |
| CN109868447B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2022-03-25 | 通用电气公司 | Method for reducing surface roughness |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3837894A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-09-24 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for producing a corrosion resistant duplex coating |
| CA1004964A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1977-02-08 | Union Carbide Corporation | Corrosion resistant coatings and process for making the same |
| JPS5635749B2 (en) * | 1973-01-23 | 1981-08-19 | ||
| US3989863A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1976-11-02 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Slurry coating process |
| GB2009251B (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1982-08-18 | Rolls Royce | Coated metal part and the method of applying coating |
-
1980
- 1980-09-17 JP JP12873880A patent/JPS5754282A/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-07-16 EP EP19810303264 patent/EP0048083B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-07-16 DE DE8181303264T patent/DE3173970D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-07 CA CA000383402A patent/CA1173305A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0048083B1 (en) | 1986-03-05 |
| EP0048083A1 (en) | 1982-03-24 |
| JPH0132309B2 (en) | 1989-06-30 |
| DE3173970D1 (en) | 1986-04-10 |
| JPS5754282A (en) | 1982-03-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |