CA1165684A - Machine tool - Google Patents
Machine toolInfo
- Publication number
- CA1165684A CA1165684A CA000377073A CA377073A CA1165684A CA 1165684 A CA1165684 A CA 1165684A CA 000377073 A CA000377073 A CA 000377073A CA 377073 A CA377073 A CA 377073A CA 1165684 A CA1165684 A CA 1165684A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yoke
- nuts
- machine tool
- drive
- spindles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A machine tool consisting of a portal stand comprising a number of, preferably four, screw pillars (2). A moveable yoke (6) is driven and guided along the screw pillars by means of nuts (7) preferably roller nuts. Tools, machining devices or the like can be attached to the yoke. The nuts are driven simultaneously by a driving means (8) by way of a drive shaft (9) extending therefrom. A very good parallel holding of the yoke (6) is achieved despite uneven loads.
When the power demand is high, for example during heavy pressings, a help cylinder (12) is needed for driving, the piston rod (13) of which is fixed to the yoke (6).
(Fig. 2)
A machine tool consisting of a portal stand comprising a number of, preferably four, screw pillars (2). A moveable yoke (6) is driven and guided along the screw pillars by means of nuts (7) preferably roller nuts. Tools, machining devices or the like can be attached to the yoke. The nuts are driven simultaneously by a driving means (8) by way of a drive shaft (9) extending therefrom. A very good parallel holding of the yoke (6) is achieved despite uneven loads.
When the power demand is high, for example during heavy pressings, a help cylinder (12) is needed for driving, the piston rod (13) of which is fixed to the yoke (6).
(Fig. 2)
Description
Machine tool The present invention refers to a machine tool for performingpressing and/or cutting tooling operations during motion, said machine comprising a portal stand comprising at least three pillars and at least one along the pillars moveable yoke for supporting tools and- tha lik~ for said tooling operations.
Background of the invention There exists today a strong wish for a flexible production apparatus that can be used even for other productions than originally aimed for. Thus it is wanted that in one and the same machining unit be able to carry out a plastîc forming for example pressing, deep drawing etc. as well as drilling, thread cutting, cutting, punching, milling, turning etc.
The conventional mechanical equipment within this field today comprises hydraulic and excenter presses and machine tools for cutting tooling. However presses cannot perform a cutting tooling and cutting machines are not adapted to perform pressing operations. Thus the workpiece has to be moved several times to different machines and the repeated chucking work requires a lot more time than the work operation itself.
The production modules existing today for the above mentioned purposes - if at all any - are either enormously large machines of the type excenter presses, which have the required stiffness and the capability of ~ithstanding excentric loads or machines, which cannot withstand any excentric loads, has a too great flexibility when fully loaded etc.
Such a machine is shown in e.g. the German "Offenlegungsschrift" 1.477.662. It comprises a portal stand consisting of two or more pillars which form a guide for as many tubes, which are displaceable along the pillars. Two yokes are fixed on the arms at a certain distance from each otherO Between the yokes a machining device is supported,
Background of the invention There exists today a strong wish for a flexible production apparatus that can be used even for other productions than originally aimed for. Thus it is wanted that in one and the same machining unit be able to carry out a plastîc forming for example pressing, deep drawing etc. as well as drilling, thread cutting, cutting, punching, milling, turning etc.
The conventional mechanical equipment within this field today comprises hydraulic and excenter presses and machine tools for cutting tooling. However presses cannot perform a cutting tooling and cutting machines are not adapted to perform pressing operations. Thus the workpiece has to be moved several times to different machines and the repeated chucking work requires a lot more time than the work operation itself.
The production modules existing today for the above mentioned purposes - if at all any - are either enormously large machines of the type excenter presses, which have the required stiffness and the capability of ~ithstanding excentric loads or machines, which cannot withstand any excentric loads, has a too great flexibility when fully loaded etc.
Such a machine is shown in e.g. the German "Offenlegungsschrift" 1.477.662. It comprises a portal stand consisting of two or more pillars which form a guide for as many tubes, which are displaceable along the pillars. Two yokes are fixed on the arms at a certain distance from each otherO Between the yokes a machining device is supported,
- 2 -~ ~ ~5 ~
which may comprise a press, a rotary body, a heat treating device etc. Screws, ~hich are turned by a mo~or mounted above the yoke, make the yokes and thereby the machining apparatus move along the pillars.
This device provides a very good ~uide for the machining apparatus, but the yolce height is very large. The device works only as a power supplier to the machining apparatus and not as a parallelin~ means. The screws are self-braking and cannot eliminate moment of force caused by possible uneven loads. These moments of force must instead be carried by the control pillars and can cause their deformation.
Another known construction is shown in the US Patent 2 896 529, disclosing a screw press working with two bolt attachments, whereby the one bolt attachment forms resistance during the lifting movement, so that the other bolt attachment is relieved and can be screwed a distance corresponding to the lift height. The bolts cannot work in loaded state. There is no parallel guide of the machining plate and the arrangement is therefore very ~ensitive to uneven loads.
Summary of the invention The object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned in the introduction, which is so constructed that it can perform both a pressing and cutting tooling, and which provides:
a) a very good parallel holding and ~uide of the machine tool along the pillars, b) non-sensitivity to uneven loads, retaining its good parallel holdingl c) a very small flexibility even when heavily loaded, d) a very high repeating exactness, e) a very favourable relationship between machine weight and machine volume, and f) a large length of stroke despite a limited height.This Besides it should be easy to mechanize automize and it should _ 3 ~
easily form a part of a manufactguring line.
This object has according to the invention been solved by the fact that the pillars comprise screw spindles that are fixedly mounte~ in axial direction in the stand and that non self-braking nuts in the form of roller- or ball nuts cooperating with the screw spindles are rotatably but axially undisplaceably mounted in or at the yoke, the nuts being arranged to carry axial tractive and compressive forces~ said nuts and/or the screw spindles being arranged to be simul-taneously and syncronously driven by at least one driving means, so that the yoke is loadable and displaceable along the pillars with a stepless, adjustable speed.
Description of_the drawings The invention will now be further described with reference to some embodiments shown on the attached drawings.
Fig.1 is a front view partly in section of an embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention.
Fig.2 is a side view of a modified machine tool.
Fig.3 is a section according to the line III-III in Fig.1l Fig.4 is a corresponding section through another embodiment, and Fig.5 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of the invention Description of some embodiments The machine tool according to Fig.1 consists of a portal stand comprising four pillars 1, which are made up of four screw spindles 2, that are fixed to the bottom plate 3 of the stand. The screws 2 are at the top joined together by and fixed to the upper plate 4 of the stand. The screws 2 are arranged inside telescopic seals 5.
A moveable yoke is further arranged within the portal stand , said yoke being guided along the screws 2 by means of four nuts 7, which are rotatably but axially undisplaceably mounted in the yoke 6. The nuts 7 are simultaneously driven by a driving motor 8 (Fig. 2) arranged in the space below the bottom plate of the stand. A drive shaft 9 extends from the i5~
motor 8 and up to the yoke 6, where it via a belt, chain 10 or similar (Fig.3) is conn~cted to the nuts 7 for simultaneously driving these. The drive shaft 9 is arranged inside the telescopic sealing 5 of one of the rear pillars 1. Even hydraulic conduits, electrical wiring etc. are housed inside the telescopic sealings of the rear pillars, whereby these are larger than_th~_~ront pillars. All four screws 2 are however of the same dimension. It is of course also possible to arrange the drive motor inside the top plate 4 or the yoke 6. Instead of driving the nuts 7 it is of course possible to drive all screw spindles 2.
In the bottom and top plates 3 and 4 of the stand as well as in the yoke 6 guides 11 for qulck attachment of tools, machining equipment or similar are arranged, for example for thread cutting, deep drawing, cutting, punching, turning and grinding tools.
The bolts 7 are non-self-braking, namely ball- or roller nuts, preferably precision roller nuts, which can carry higher loads than ball nuts. Besides the nuts 7 at both end gables are provided with thrust bearings 19. In roller nuts a number o~ rollers are running in an endless path. The nut has a correspondingly larger thread diameter than the screw and the rollers are provided with peripheral grooves, which cooperate with the threads in the nut and the screw resp.
Thus a roller nut has a very large number of effective points of contact, whereby it can carry high loads.
The nuts 7 both guide and drive the yoke 6 and by simultaneous driving Qf all nuts a very good parallel guiding is maintained despite uneven loads. Possible rnoment forces are taken up as tensile and compressive forces resp. in the screws 2. The displacement of the yoke 6 along the screws 2 can continuously be controlled and measured.
During machining operations demanding a smaller power supply~
for example cutting and light pressing operations, the yoke 6 with its roller nuts 7 make a single linearly guided and controlled driving means.
When the power demand is higher, for example during heavy pressing, a help cylinder 12 is necessary for driving, whereby the yoke 6 is guided and controlled by means of the screws 2. This is shown in the embodiment according to Fig.2.
The help cylinder 12 for example a hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the top plate 4 and its piston rod 13 to the yoke 6.
A machining member 14 for pressing against a pad 15 supported in the bottom plate 3 is attached to the yoke 6. Hydraulic conduit~ 16 to the help cylinder 12 extend through the telescopic sealing 5 from a hydraulic assembly 17 arranged in the space below the bottom plate 3. In the said space is also room for the control equipment and the like.
.
In the embodiment shown in Fig.4 the drive shaft 9 is connected to the nuts 7 by a toothed wheel rim 18, which has a relatively large mass and thereby a high mass-moment of inertia. The toothed wheel rim 18 is rotated by the drive shaft 9 and the rotating movement is then used as a driving force during the machining operation. The drive shaft 9 is in this embodiment arranged right between two pillars and the drive motor is preferably placed in the yoke 6 itself.
The machine tool according to fig. 5 has a rectangular top-and bottom plate 4, 3, as well as the yoke 6, which facilitates series connection and automization. The top- and bottom plates 4 and 3 are at their corners interconnected by means of profiles 20 with a L-shaped cross-sectrion and the yoke 6 are just opposite these profiles provided with sliding blocks 21. ~The profiles 20 act as guides9 against which the sliding blocks 21 bear, but they also stiffen the construction i.e. for enabling the support of great radial forces.
Thus the machine tool according to the invention forms a basic unit, which can be complemented with different equipments for different machinings. It is even possible to connect together a number of machine tools in production v lines and for cooperative machining. A number of advantages with the machine tool according to the invention can be named:
Less tied-up capital in special purpose machines.
Fewer type restricted tools.
Increased flexibility, when the same machine can be used for different machining. - -Quicker and cheaper establishment of production lines.
Increased possibilities for short series production in production lines.
Better automation possibilities since uniform machines can be automated in the same way.
.
Another advantage with the machine tool according to the invention is that it has a cutting impact dampening effect, since the recoil action that results when the cuttin~ is completed is converted to kinetic energy in the nuts.
The machining can even be done outside the portal stand by increasing the working surfaces of the bottom plate 3 and the yoke 6 with separate units extending outside the portal stand.
The invention is of course not limited to the shown embodiments, but can be modi~ied within the scope of the claims. A simplified embodiment of the machine tool can ~or example have a stand without any top plate, i.e. the pillars are only fixed to a bottom plate. The number of pillars is in all of the shown embodiments four. It is however possible to have only three pillars or even five or more pillars.
which may comprise a press, a rotary body, a heat treating device etc. Screws, ~hich are turned by a mo~or mounted above the yoke, make the yokes and thereby the machining apparatus move along the pillars.
This device provides a very good ~uide for the machining apparatus, but the yolce height is very large. The device works only as a power supplier to the machining apparatus and not as a parallelin~ means. The screws are self-braking and cannot eliminate moment of force caused by possible uneven loads. These moments of force must instead be carried by the control pillars and can cause their deformation.
Another known construction is shown in the US Patent 2 896 529, disclosing a screw press working with two bolt attachments, whereby the one bolt attachment forms resistance during the lifting movement, so that the other bolt attachment is relieved and can be screwed a distance corresponding to the lift height. The bolts cannot work in loaded state. There is no parallel guide of the machining plate and the arrangement is therefore very ~ensitive to uneven loads.
Summary of the invention The object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned in the introduction, which is so constructed that it can perform both a pressing and cutting tooling, and which provides:
a) a very good parallel holding and ~uide of the machine tool along the pillars, b) non-sensitivity to uneven loads, retaining its good parallel holdingl c) a very small flexibility even when heavily loaded, d) a very high repeating exactness, e) a very favourable relationship between machine weight and machine volume, and f) a large length of stroke despite a limited height.This Besides it should be easy to mechanize automize and it should _ 3 ~
easily form a part of a manufactguring line.
This object has according to the invention been solved by the fact that the pillars comprise screw spindles that are fixedly mounte~ in axial direction in the stand and that non self-braking nuts in the form of roller- or ball nuts cooperating with the screw spindles are rotatably but axially undisplaceably mounted in or at the yoke, the nuts being arranged to carry axial tractive and compressive forces~ said nuts and/or the screw spindles being arranged to be simul-taneously and syncronously driven by at least one driving means, so that the yoke is loadable and displaceable along the pillars with a stepless, adjustable speed.
Description of_the drawings The invention will now be further described with reference to some embodiments shown on the attached drawings.
Fig.1 is a front view partly in section of an embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention.
Fig.2 is a side view of a modified machine tool.
Fig.3 is a section according to the line III-III in Fig.1l Fig.4 is a corresponding section through another embodiment, and Fig.5 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of the invention Description of some embodiments The machine tool according to Fig.1 consists of a portal stand comprising four pillars 1, which are made up of four screw spindles 2, that are fixed to the bottom plate 3 of the stand. The screws 2 are at the top joined together by and fixed to the upper plate 4 of the stand. The screws 2 are arranged inside telescopic seals 5.
A moveable yoke is further arranged within the portal stand , said yoke being guided along the screws 2 by means of four nuts 7, which are rotatably but axially undisplaceably mounted in the yoke 6. The nuts 7 are simultaneously driven by a driving motor 8 (Fig. 2) arranged in the space below the bottom plate of the stand. A drive shaft 9 extends from the i5~
motor 8 and up to the yoke 6, where it via a belt, chain 10 or similar (Fig.3) is conn~cted to the nuts 7 for simultaneously driving these. The drive shaft 9 is arranged inside the telescopic sealing 5 of one of the rear pillars 1. Even hydraulic conduits, electrical wiring etc. are housed inside the telescopic sealings of the rear pillars, whereby these are larger than_th~_~ront pillars. All four screws 2 are however of the same dimension. It is of course also possible to arrange the drive motor inside the top plate 4 or the yoke 6. Instead of driving the nuts 7 it is of course possible to drive all screw spindles 2.
In the bottom and top plates 3 and 4 of the stand as well as in the yoke 6 guides 11 for qulck attachment of tools, machining equipment or similar are arranged, for example for thread cutting, deep drawing, cutting, punching, turning and grinding tools.
The bolts 7 are non-self-braking, namely ball- or roller nuts, preferably precision roller nuts, which can carry higher loads than ball nuts. Besides the nuts 7 at both end gables are provided with thrust bearings 19. In roller nuts a number o~ rollers are running in an endless path. The nut has a correspondingly larger thread diameter than the screw and the rollers are provided with peripheral grooves, which cooperate with the threads in the nut and the screw resp.
Thus a roller nut has a very large number of effective points of contact, whereby it can carry high loads.
The nuts 7 both guide and drive the yoke 6 and by simultaneous driving Qf all nuts a very good parallel guiding is maintained despite uneven loads. Possible rnoment forces are taken up as tensile and compressive forces resp. in the screws 2. The displacement of the yoke 6 along the screws 2 can continuously be controlled and measured.
During machining operations demanding a smaller power supply~
for example cutting and light pressing operations, the yoke 6 with its roller nuts 7 make a single linearly guided and controlled driving means.
When the power demand is higher, for example during heavy pressing, a help cylinder 12 is necessary for driving, whereby the yoke 6 is guided and controlled by means of the screws 2. This is shown in the embodiment according to Fig.2.
The help cylinder 12 for example a hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the top plate 4 and its piston rod 13 to the yoke 6.
A machining member 14 for pressing against a pad 15 supported in the bottom plate 3 is attached to the yoke 6. Hydraulic conduit~ 16 to the help cylinder 12 extend through the telescopic sealing 5 from a hydraulic assembly 17 arranged in the space below the bottom plate 3. In the said space is also room for the control equipment and the like.
.
In the embodiment shown in Fig.4 the drive shaft 9 is connected to the nuts 7 by a toothed wheel rim 18, which has a relatively large mass and thereby a high mass-moment of inertia. The toothed wheel rim 18 is rotated by the drive shaft 9 and the rotating movement is then used as a driving force during the machining operation. The drive shaft 9 is in this embodiment arranged right between two pillars and the drive motor is preferably placed in the yoke 6 itself.
The machine tool according to fig. 5 has a rectangular top-and bottom plate 4, 3, as well as the yoke 6, which facilitates series connection and automization. The top- and bottom plates 4 and 3 are at their corners interconnected by means of profiles 20 with a L-shaped cross-sectrion and the yoke 6 are just opposite these profiles provided with sliding blocks 21. ~The profiles 20 act as guides9 against which the sliding blocks 21 bear, but they also stiffen the construction i.e. for enabling the support of great radial forces.
Thus the machine tool according to the invention forms a basic unit, which can be complemented with different equipments for different machinings. It is even possible to connect together a number of machine tools in production v lines and for cooperative machining. A number of advantages with the machine tool according to the invention can be named:
Less tied-up capital in special purpose machines.
Fewer type restricted tools.
Increased flexibility, when the same machine can be used for different machining. - -Quicker and cheaper establishment of production lines.
Increased possibilities for short series production in production lines.
Better automation possibilities since uniform machines can be automated in the same way.
.
Another advantage with the machine tool according to the invention is that it has a cutting impact dampening effect, since the recoil action that results when the cuttin~ is completed is converted to kinetic energy in the nuts.
The machining can even be done outside the portal stand by increasing the working surfaces of the bottom plate 3 and the yoke 6 with separate units extending outside the portal stand.
The invention is of course not limited to the shown embodiments, but can be modi~ied within the scope of the claims. A simplified embodiment of the machine tool can ~or example have a stand without any top plate, i.e. the pillars are only fixed to a bottom plate. The number of pillars is in all of the shown embodiments four. It is however possible to have only three pillars or even five or more pillars.
Claims (5)
1. In a machine tool for pressing and cutting operations having a bottom plate and a top plate arranged in spaced relationship, a plurality of upright externally screw threaded spindles non-rotatably mounted at their ends in said bottom and top plate, and a yoke member for supporting tools to perform said operations moveable mounted on said spindles for reciprocating movement between said bottom and top plates, the improvement comprising non self-braking drive nuts rotatably mounted in said yoke member and operably coaxially engaging said screw-threaded spindles so that rotation of said nuts moves said nuts and said yoke along said spindles, drive means mounted on said machine tool operably connected to said nuts to simultaneously and synchronously rotate said nuts, elongated reinforcing guide members extending substantially along and adjacent to said spindles and attached at their ends to said bottom and top plates, and slide bearings mounted on said yoke and slidably engaging said guide members to guide and laterally support said yoke during its reciprocating movement.
2. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1 wherein said nuts comprise roller nuts coaxially and operably engaging said screw threaded spindles and mounted in said yoke for non-axial movement with respect thereto, said bottom and top plates and yoke are substantially rectangular, and said guide members have an L-shaped cross-sectional configuration and are attached at the corners of said bottom and top plates with the legs of the L extending along the sides of said plates, each slide bearing engaging both inside surfaces of said legs.
3. A machine tool as claimed in claim 2 wherein said drive nuts have external gear teeth and are rotatably mounted in said yoke by thrust bearings between the ends of said nuts and said yoke, and said drive means comprises a toothed wheel having gear teeth thereon, said wheel being rotatably mounted in said yoke about an axis centrally located with respect to the rotational axes of said drive nuts with the gear teeth thereof simultaneously engaging the gear teeth on said nuts, a drive motor, and a drive shaft operably engaging said wheel and connected to said motor to rotate said wheel by said motor.
4. A machine tool as claimed in claim 3 wherein said toothed wheel has a relatively large mass to provide a high moment of inertia, said bottom plate is supported on the top of a stand, said drive motor is mounted in said stand below said bottom plate, said screw spindles are enclosed within telescoping seals, and said drive shaft extends from said motor through said bottom plate and substantially parallel and adjacent to one of said screw spindles and within said respective seal.
5. A machine tool as claimed in claim 4 and further comprising an auxialiary hydraulic cylinder and piston means mounted on said top plate having a piston rod slidably extending through said top plate and connected to said yoke, and hydraulic pressure supply means connected to said cylinder to operate said piston, to augment the power supplied by said drive nuts to said yoke.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000377073A CA1165684A (en) | 1981-05-07 | 1981-05-07 | Machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000377073A CA1165684A (en) | 1981-05-07 | 1981-05-07 | Machine tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1165684A true CA1165684A (en) | 1984-04-17 |
Family
ID=4119905
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000377073A Expired CA1165684A (en) | 1981-05-07 | 1981-05-07 | Machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1165684A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-05-07 CA CA000377073A patent/CA1165684A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |