CA1130261A - Resilient mountings - Google Patents
Resilient mountingsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1130261A CA1130261A CA337,349A CA337349A CA1130261A CA 1130261 A CA1130261 A CA 1130261A CA 337349 A CA337349 A CA 337349A CA 1130261 A CA1130261 A CA 1130261A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bush
- cut
- mounting according
- members
- rigid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D33/00—Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
- B62D33/06—Drivers' cabs
- B62D33/0604—Cabs insulated against vibrations or noise, e.g. with elastic suspension
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/387—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type comprising means for modifying the rigidity in particular directions
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
15.
ABSTRACT
RESILIENT MOUNTING
A resilient mounting comprising a tubular bush (3) of elastomeric material acting between and bonded to confronting surfaces (10,12) of rigid inner and outer members (1,2). The bush (3) is formed with a cut-out (13) on that side which would otherwise be subjected to tensile forces and the relative spacing between the members is subsequently reduced to close at least part of the cut out (13) and selectively pre-load the elastomeric material in the unloaded condition. The relative movement necessary to close the cut-out under rebound conditions is thereby reduced providing an improvement in ride characteristics when using the mounting. The reduction in spacing can be controlled to give the required pre-loading and may be sufficient to ensure that the elastomeric material is always under compression thereby avoiding the occurrence of tensile forces with consequent improved fatigue life.
Preferably the mounting incorporates resilient limit stops (15,16) to control relative movement between the members (1,2) both in the axial direction of the bush (3) and vertically under a working load.
DAW/JMT - PY.5898
ABSTRACT
RESILIENT MOUNTING
A resilient mounting comprising a tubular bush (3) of elastomeric material acting between and bonded to confronting surfaces (10,12) of rigid inner and outer members (1,2). The bush (3) is formed with a cut-out (13) on that side which would otherwise be subjected to tensile forces and the relative spacing between the members is subsequently reduced to close at least part of the cut out (13) and selectively pre-load the elastomeric material in the unloaded condition. The relative movement necessary to close the cut-out under rebound conditions is thereby reduced providing an improvement in ride characteristics when using the mounting. The reduction in spacing can be controlled to give the required pre-loading and may be sufficient to ensure that the elastomeric material is always under compression thereby avoiding the occurrence of tensile forces with consequent improved fatigue life.
Preferably the mounting incorporates resilient limit stops (15,16) to control relative movement between the members (1,2) both in the axial direction of the bush (3) and vertically under a working load.
DAW/JMT - PY.5898
Description
26~
1 .
R~SILIENT MOUN'rINGS
This i.nvention concerns impxovements in or re:lating to resilient mountings suitabLe fo:r suppolting a working load which load is subjec~ to dyna1nie va.riatlo11. Such mounting~s may be used f'or mountlng vehicle eabs engine mo1lrltings etc.
Resilient n1ountings are ~nown which in their simplest form comprise ~ tu~ular busA o~ resilient 1nateri.al.
actin~ between ancl bonded to the confronting surfaces oY
rigid inner and ou-ter memi~ers. A disadvantage of this type of mounting is -that when supporting a working load a por-tion oL the elasto1neric materia:L is subjeeted to -tensile ~'orces ancl an opposed portion is subjected to compre~ssion forces such tha-t in use c1ynamie va:riations iII t,lle WO:I'ICillg lOclCI, for e~arnple ~hel1 a vch.icle i.neolporat.k1g L;he mountin~ p~lSSe.'; OVer ].'~ a sur~'ace~ irIeL~rularity eauscs rel.dt:ive moven1ent -to occ-1r 1~et~veen the rlgid il1neI and outel members resultir1g in a variation in the tensile anc1 eompression Eoxces experienced by the portions of elas-tomeric n1a-terial. Depending OII the c1irection o e rela-tive movemen-t -the tensile and compression ~'orces rnay be increased or decreased, fOI' CXanlp1e Ullder rehou1ld those portions which were subjected -to tensile f'orce~.s inay bo subjected to compressiol1 -f'orces and vice versa. '~Ic cxistence of' tensile foxces in the e:Lastomelic material of the Jnountirlg ls par-ticular~y uI1desirable as t}le ~5 fa-tigue li:Ee oE thc mounting is considerably.reduce~.-~nd this problem is exaggerated by -the change in ~orces i.e.
rrom te1lsile -to compIession and vice versa ~vhi.ch the portior1s of' the elas-tomeric material may expexience.
'' ' It has already been proposed to form mountings of the above type in which the portion of the elastom~ric ma~erial which is initially subjected to tensile forces when the working load is applied is cut away either partially or completely.
Although this constructi~n reduc~s the tensile forces ex-perienced in the cut-away portion of the e:lastomeric material and therefore increases the fatigue life of the mounting it does not completely elimina~e the occurrence of tensile forces in the elastomeric material of the mounting in use. In addition under conditions in which relative movement between the rigid members is such as to first close the cut-out, e.g. during rebound, the amount of movement which occurs before either the me mbers con-tact one another or the remain:ing portion of the elasto~eric material in the region of the cut-out is compressed is greater than the radial width of the cut-out in the unloaded conditions.
As a result the ride characteristic.q of the mounting under rebound are poor.
It is an object of the present invention ~o provide a resilient mounting which reduces or eliminates at least some of the aboYe-described problems and disadvantages of the known mount-ings.
According to the pPesent invention a resilient mounting com-prising rigid inner and outer members spaced relative to one another to define conronting tubular surfaces, one of said members 25 being arranged in use ~o support a working load and a tubular bush of elastomeric material acting between and bonded to said confront-ing surfaces, one half of said bush being formed witA a cut-ou~
extending over substan~ially the entire axial length of said bush
1 .
R~SILIENT MOUN'rINGS
This i.nvention concerns impxovements in or re:lating to resilient mountings suitabLe fo:r suppolting a working load which load is subjec~ to dyna1nie va.riatlo11. Such mounting~s may be used f'or mountlng vehicle eabs engine mo1lrltings etc.
Resilient n1ountings are ~nown which in their simplest form comprise ~ tu~ular busA o~ resilient 1nateri.al.
actin~ between ancl bonded to the confronting surfaces oY
rigid inner and ou-ter memi~ers. A disadvantage of this type of mounting is -that when supporting a working load a por-tion oL the elasto1neric materia:L is subjeeted to -tensile ~'orces ancl an opposed portion is subjected to compre~ssion forces such tha-t in use c1ynamie va:riations iII t,lle WO:I'ICillg lOclCI, for e~arnple ~hel1 a vch.icle i.neolporat.k1g L;he mountin~ p~lSSe.'; OVer ].'~ a sur~'ace~ irIeL~rularity eauscs rel.dt:ive moven1ent -to occ-1r 1~et~veen the rlgid il1neI and outel members resultir1g in a variation in the tensile anc1 eompression Eoxces experienced by the portions of elas-tomeric n1a-terial. Depending OII the c1irection o e rela-tive movemen-t -the tensile and compression ~'orces rnay be increased or decreased, fOI' CXanlp1e Ullder rehou1ld those portions which were subjected -to tensile f'orce~.s inay bo subjected to compressiol1 -f'orces and vice versa. '~Ic cxistence of' tensile foxces in the e:Lastomelic material of the Jnountirlg ls par-ticular~y uI1desirable as t}le ~5 fa-tigue li:Ee oE thc mounting is considerably.reduce~.-~nd this problem is exaggerated by -the change in ~orces i.e.
rrom te1lsile -to compIession and vice versa ~vhi.ch the portior1s of' the elas-tomeric material may expexience.
'' ' It has already been proposed to form mountings of the above type in which the portion of the elastom~ric ma~erial which is initially subjected to tensile forces when the working load is applied is cut away either partially or completely.
Although this constructi~n reduc~s the tensile forces ex-perienced in the cut-away portion of the e:lastomeric material and therefore increases the fatigue life of the mounting it does not completely elimina~e the occurrence of tensile forces in the elastomeric material of the mounting in use. In addition under conditions in which relative movement between the rigid members is such as to first close the cut-out, e.g. during rebound, the amount of movement which occurs before either the me mbers con-tact one another or the remain:ing portion of the elasto~eric material in the region of the cut-out is compressed is greater than the radial width of the cut-out in the unloaded conditions.
As a result the ride characteristic.q of the mounting under rebound are poor.
It is an object of the present invention ~o provide a resilient mounting which reduces or eliminates at least some of the aboYe-described problems and disadvantages of the known mount-ings.
According to the pPesent invention a resilient mounting com-prising rigid inner and outer members spaced relative to one another to define conronting tubular surfaces, one of said members 25 being arranged in use ~o support a working load and a tubular bush of elastomeric material acting between and bonded to said confront-ing surfaces, one half of said bush being formed witA a cut-ou~
extending over substan~ially the entire axial length of said bush
- 2 - , ~:~3~6~
~ Id less than half the circumferential length sf said bush, the relative spacing between said rigid membe~s being subsequently redu~ed: in khe unloaded :condition so that opposed surfaces de-fining said cut-out contact one another to close a centre portion of said cut-out along the longitudinal length thereof between the circumferential ends thereof and selecti~ely pre-load said bush.
The cut-out may be formed within the elastomeric material e.g. by use of a removable core. Preferably the cut-out is provided at an interface between the elastomeric material and the adjacent surface of the inner and/or outer member, more preferably at the interface wikh the inner members t either by the use of a removable core or by selective masking of the surface of ~h~ mem-ber to prevent bonding of the elastomeric materi'al.
Conveniently the confronting surfaces of the inner and outer me,mbers are cylindrical and where a cut-out is provided at an interface with one of the ~embers the cut-out preferably extends over approximately one third of the circumference of the member.
Ihe elastomeric material at the lateral edges of the cut-out may be further cut away so as to reduce the possibility ofthe elastomeric material tearing in those zones.
The degree of precompression may be varied depending on the reguired rebound characteristics.
The required precompression may be obtained by mechanically deforming one of the rigid members to reduce the relative spacing between the members. For example, the outer member may be contracted - but more preferably the
~ Id less than half the circumferential length sf said bush, the relative spacing between said rigid membe~s being subsequently redu~ed: in khe unloaded :condition so that opposed surfaces de-fining said cut-out contact one another to close a centre portion of said cut-out along the longitudinal length thereof between the circumferential ends thereof and selecti~ely pre-load said bush.
The cut-out may be formed within the elastomeric material e.g. by use of a removable core. Preferably the cut-out is provided at an interface between the elastomeric material and the adjacent surface of the inner and/or outer member, more preferably at the interface wikh the inner members t either by the use of a removable core or by selective masking of the surface of ~h~ mem-ber to prevent bonding of the elastomeric materi'al.
Conveniently the confronting surfaces of the inner and outer me,mbers are cylindrical and where a cut-out is provided at an interface with one of the ~embers the cut-out preferably extends over approximately one third of the circumference of the member.
Ihe elastomeric material at the lateral edges of the cut-out may be further cut away so as to reduce the possibility ofthe elastomeric material tearing in those zones.
The degree of precompression may be varied depending on the reguired rebound characteristics.
The required precompression may be obtained by mechanically deforming one of the rigid members to reduce the relative spacing between the members. For example, the outer member may be contracted - but more preferably the
- 3 -,, .
~?2~i~
~.
inner member is e~panded.
'Ihe mounting may include llmlt s tops to further modlfy the ricle characteristics. 'rhe limit stops may comprise resillent blocks macle o:~ elastom~x::lc material provided ~r~ the members to limit relative movemen-t between the members. In the case 0:1 a rcsilient mounting :l~or use as a vehic le cab moun ting the l~locks may be arranged -to :fit insid~ a s-tructural channel OI the cab to simplify 1;he mountin~ assembly.
The invention will now be cle.c~ribed in more de-tail~
by way o.î example only, wi th re~`erence to the accompanying drawings wherein:-i'.ig~ 3 1 i.5 arl end e:l.evation o:e a mountillbr as n~ou~ decl;
:1. 5 l;`igure 2 i~; a tran3verse cro;s~ sectloll of' I~'igure l;
Figure 3 shows the mounting OI Figure 1 in the Xinished manufac-tured state;
Figwre 4 is a transverse c,ross-section OI Figure 3;
:F'igure 5 shows the mo-mting of F.igure 3 under s l;eady loacl;
Figrure 6 is L\ plan of thc mounting of` Figrure 5;
Figure 7 is L- cross-C;ec tion of' Figure 5;
Figures 8 ~nd 9 show two characteristics o-~ load~' ~5 de-~lec tion f'or versions of` the mo~m ting~
and ~igure 10 is a sec tional side elevatioll of` part of' another mo~m-ting in accordance wi th the ~L~3G~6~
5, present in~entlon.
'~le ll~VUIltin~' sho~n in ~i~ures 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings comprises outer and lnner rigid m~mbers 1 ancl 2 recipectiv,ely spaced relative to one another by means o~ an ~ccentric cylindrical rubber bush 3 acting between and bonclecl to the members, ~e mounting is suitable for use as a cab mounting in which ~he outer member 1 is ~-dapted to be securecl to the vehicle frame (not shown~ ancl the inner membeI 2 is ad~pted to be .secured to the cab (not shown) ancl is subjectecl to the working load.
The outel member 1 comprises a fla-t base 4, a pair of parallel vertical sides 5, angled shouldels 6 and a -~la-t top 7. I~le base 4 p:rojccts laterally beyoncl the sides 5 and i.s ~'ormed wl.tll mc~ullti~ ho:lcs 8 t,o rcc~ive bolts (not sllowll) 1. S f.o1~ S C,`C11'i11~r ttl~3 Ill~lml) C.'I' ~. to ~l ve~lic31~ 3mbc~L 1 is fo~rned with a through bore 9 defil~ing a cylindrical sur~`ace 10, 'l~e inl1er member 2 eomprises a steel tube 11 having a cylindrical outer sur-~ace 12, The tube 11 is located withi~ the bore 9 and has its longitudinal axls parallel to but offset ~'rom the a~is o~ the bore 9.
The busll 3 is :t`or~ned by li~ould:ing rubber in t,he space bet~veen -the con~'rontirlg sur:l'aces 10 ancl 12 o~' the Illember3 1 and 2 :r'e9pc-~c ti'~ell,y, the SUL'f';lC'-'S 10 aLlCI 12 each being prepared by conventlonal means to eft`ect bon~ g of the rubber to the surfaces.
~ s shown in Figure 1 the radial thickness oJ.` the rubber bel~w -the inner member 2 which is subjec-ted -to compressi4n ~'or~es by a load applied to -the inner member is ~L3~
subs tan tial Ly gI~ea-ter than 1;h,a t of` the ruhber above the inneI melllber 2 while -t~le r ubber abc,~ve the inller member 2 is ~`ormed with a cu-t~out comp:rising an aperture, 13 at the interface ~vi th the outer sur,face 12 oi-` the inner member to elimina-te terl.sile .fol~ces -therein due to the appli.ed load.
~ e aperture 13 is of generall.y dumb-l:)ell shap~ in transve.rse cros.s -sec tion ~aving edg,e portiolls 13a o f circu:lar Cl'OSS-s~ction interconne~cted by a narrow centrc po:r tion :1.3b The aper ture extends axially over the length of th~ inIIer member 2 and circumf'ererltially over approxirna tel,y one- th:ird of' -the inner member 2. The ape,r tu:re 13 is f'ormecd by meaIls of' a palr o:t` r emovable cores (not shown) to which the rubber cloes no t bond . '~he COl'eS a:re lnser t:ecl, one from 3:i. the~;~ eIld o:f' tl~e L)ore~ Fl, botweeIl t~ 3 membels 1 nnd 2 bc:eore mouldl '~ e coIe;l are con~ ucl;0d so rl3 t;o leave a n,l:rrC~V
ci.rcum:i'.'er0ntially e,cterldinu bri.dge piece l4 (I~lgure ~) betweell the adJacent ends i;hereo-f. I~e hridg(3 piece is r uptured when the rubber is :flexed followin~ removal of the cor es, A palr o f rubber enci ~3 tops l 5 and a rubber bump s top l6 provlc1ed on the oute:r sur.race o:f the outer membe,r 1 ar e mo~lldcd simul tc~neously wi th the bUSII 3 and are in-tegI al l:he:lcwit1~ e end stops I.S :Li,mit reka~:ive movemen-l, be-l;ween the memb{~rs in nn axicll clirec tion while the bump s top 16 lirni ts r ela tive movemen1; due to increased loading of -the moUllting .
~f ter mouldin~ the inner rnember 2 is expanded un ~il -I;he cen t:L e poX'tion l3b of the aper-t~l:re is closecl r~
U~
7.
(~`iguro 3~ l`his expansi.vll precorrlprasses the rubber in -the regi.ons markecl A in Fig-lre 3 i.e. at eith~r side Oe the ~ush adJacent t;o t:he end portions 13a o~ the aperture. The mourlting Ls then as sho~:n ln ~igure.s 3 ~n~
Typic~l Stlt;ic cab deflectio:n is 5 mm wit;h a further 5 mm o-f movement allowed before the bump stop 16 is con~act;ed. Inner member expan.~ion is dete.rml:n-rl largely by the radial thickness o the centle portion 13b of the ~ .
apex-ture as moulcled. In the case where the centre poxtion 1.
has a rlclial t;hickness o~ 3 mm an lncrease o~ the oxcler o~
10~ in the diameter O:L the irlner member 2 is sutficient to close the cen-t:re portion 13b so that the :rubber abov~ the i[lneI' member co~tac-Ls the outer ~u.r.-~ace 12 of the i.nner menlbel in -L.hu unlolclel:l colldll;iorl.
'l'l c mo~ tlrlv~ in It;s lloxm.l worklng COllcli tion carries t:he statlc load o~ a vehicle cab ancl the loacled conclitio:n i5 show.n ln Figures 53 6 and 7. ~e outer member 1 is bolted to the vehicle frame (not show-n) by mear~s of bolts (not shown~ passing ~hIougtl the mountin~r holes 8 in t;he base 4. rhe inne} member 2 Is securecl to the vehLcle cab (not shown) by means of a bol.t ~not shown) wh:Lch extends axially throu~rll t;he bore O:e the i:nner member 2 ancl is a~t~cllecl ~l: e~ch e~ncl to a respective one of` ~ pair o~
parallel lugs 17 which extend downwardlY from a mcuntlng ~langre 18 bolt:ccl to the vehicle cab. The statlc weight of t:he cab downwardly cle-~lects the inner ~ember 2 as shown in ~igures 5 and 7 theleby increasing the compressiol~ of the rubber below -the inner member 2, opening -the centre portion : .
3~26~
13b oL the apertuIe and l.essening -the p-recompxession in -the~
rubbel ~.one~
Vynamic v,~ric~tion ln the load applled is a~lowecl by the bush J.n the usu,,ll mannt-~r. Excessive moverllent of the innex '' member 2 in -the clownward direction (i.e. increasing load~ :is resisted by -the upper :L'larlge 1~ contac-ting the rubber stop 16 whlc}l causes a steep rise in sp-.ring rate. E,~cessive rebou~d movemerlt of the inner mermber (i.e. upwards as shown or - decreasing load) resLIlts in the cen-tre ,portion 13b O:e the aperture 13 Glosing and the inner member 2 contac-tin~,~ the .r~lbber above the inner member ~hlcll acts as a rebound s-top to give ~ steep r:ise :in rebouncl spI:ing ra~e. '~le resultarlt .o~lcl cle~ltecti.oll c:llar~c-t:eTI..sti{:~; o~ tht.~ mo~lntirlg i.s shown in ~ rc 8 i,n wll:lc,h clel'lectlon x is the~.static cl~t'lc,~c-l;:lon, 1 3 '1~l1e mOUII till~ .S tllUC; aTI eL:1'(.!C: t.tve :Low ra-te mountillg in ~IIe~
normal working range YZ yet has positive cush~.oning of excessive deflection O:e -the cab in ei-ther direction.
Fllrtller7ll0re relative ~novement between -the member.s in the axial direction o:f' the inner membeI 2 i.e. directions P and Q i~ igure 7 is restricted by -the end s-tops l.S contactin~
tl~ s ~7.
It will be appre~ciated l;h~lt by e~pandillg the :inner member 2 so as to close the ~elltre portion 13b of' the apelture in the un:loaded condi.tioII increases the range of' -the loads which can be applied to the mounting without subJecting the rubber above -the inner member to -tensile i'orces as compaled with the known mountings ln ~vhi.ch cut-outs provicled in the r ubber ar e open iII the ~Inloa(lecl 2~
') .
condition. Fur thermore -the control ol` the n~ountillg unde~r r ebound condi tiorls is improvecl since the amount o:e movemellt oi tllc inner member necesC;ary to close the centxe por tion OI the aper ture is reduced thus giving a consiclerable 5 improven~e~l t in the ride charac teris tlcs .
It will be apparenl; from the forenoirlg that if the dlamete~ of the inner member is increased even furtller~
for ex~mple OI tllQ ol der o~ 20j~, then in addi tion to clc~si.ng the centre pc~rtion 13b o~ the aper-ture the por!;ion oi' the 10 rubber above the inner member will be pr ecompressed givillg a mountillg havingr the spx:Lng characteris tic shown in Flgure 9. 'I'his charac-terist:Lc has the same nominal ess ill the workllly zone YZ as t;he snrru~ mollntiTIg ln v/lllcll t;llc cl:iam(3tor o:~: thc~ l.nrlcl m~rnbeI i.s incr~as~d by lO~y lS ~)ut tlle rebourld c.;top llOW act$ L~t Yl givL~ eYe~rl ~reater control uncler rebound.
Fur thermore i t will be unders tood t;hat the degree o~ exparlslon o~ -the inner member may be selected so that in addition to the abov~ described improved characteristic~s 20 o:f the rnountir.tg the r ubber below the innex mcmber w~ich is sub~ec ted to compre.ssion forces uLIder the appl:Lecl load and thc rubher in sicle z~ones A i~i su~'iciently precolllpressecl th.~ t i t r emair~s ~mdex c ompl ession clurirlg rebo~ cl. 'llhe rubber below the inner member is thexe~'ore }lever subjected 25 to -tensile forces wi th consequent increase in the f~tigue lie oî the mounting as compared wi th known mouIl tings ir~
tvhicl~ the rubber below lhe inner member is not pre compressed prior to appli.cat;ioll of a load ancl m~y thexe~'ore . .
:
' ~.~.3~
10, be s~lbjccted to tensile ~orces unclel rebound.
The invention is no-t restricted -to the ahove~
desc~ ed embc~climent which may be modi l'iecl in a nun~l~er o~e wa.y5, :t'or ~xample -th~3 lper ture 13 may be ~c,r m~d at the 5 inter:~ace wi th the outer member or at a position between the inner and outer member~; s~lch that thic~in~s o:~ rubber is bonded to t;he conProntlng sur:~'ac.es o~ l~oth ~ mbers.
'Ih~ ou ter member may be adapted to carry the workin~ load wl th the illner mer~ber being f'i~ed to the vehicle Irame.
~0 Irl this a~ rarl~L3rnent the cut-out vJould be p:rovicled in the rubber below the inner membel and the r ubber above the inner member would be subj ec ted to compression Iorces uncLer the workin~ loac'l.
'rh~3 outcr meltlbeI may be sub j ec tecl to ~ COII t;r.lc tion IS opeIa~;ion in ~lddi-l;iot-l or a.l ternative -I;o Ille expansion ol' the inner member to prod~lce~ the requLred recluction in the re:lative spaclng between the members. This method is par-ticularly sui table ii' the inner rigid member has a non-uni:eorm cross~section, :~or examp:l.e an inner member havlng 2a -thLe shape shown in Flg~re 10 in which the profile o:~' the outer sur-face o:~' the inner membcl 102 is selectcd to ~ive a par tlcu.l r cll;~rac-t;eris-tic uildel dyn~mic collcli -tions . A
~Ubl~er bUSII 10~ is boncled to -tlle inlleI membe~r 10~ and an ou-ter member tno t shown) . An aper ture 113 is :formecl a t the 25 interi~ace wi th the inner member and the outer member is subsecluel~tly contracted to close -the centre por tion 113b of the aperture.
'~he cut-ou-t in the rubber may be .. . .. . ..... . .
113i~
11, :for~ned by selective masl~ing o~ the surface ol the inner and~or outer members l;o prevellt bonding of -the rubber to the members over a selec-ted l'egiOII. ~le CUt-C?Ut is ~`ormed by the contractioll o~ -the xubber on cooling follciwing moulding which results in the rubl)er moving away ~rom -the sur~ace of the member in the maslced region.
'~ mounting may be connectecl to -the cah ancl frame by any appropriate method for exa~ple the base ~ and mount;i~g ~langç3 18 ~ou:Ld be secured by welding althougll the use Oe l~olts is preferred as providing eor easy replacement o~ the mounting whell necessary.
In addition to the end stops 15 and rt~?bouncl stop 16 rU~?I?eI mLLY be mo~llde{l onto other sur:~`aces, Oe the oute ~nelnber to provicle other c~}lzL:LLlcte:rist:L(s a5 rcquired.
I5I?in.L:Ily the n~OtlntingJ o:E the present lnvention has applications other than as a cab no-m-ti~g for example as an engine mounting~ and may be applied where a resilient mounting with fully cont,rollable ye-t resilient rebound control is rec~uired, , ' ,,, ~ , .
:.
~?2~i~
~.
inner member is e~panded.
'Ihe mounting may include llmlt s tops to further modlfy the ricle characteristics. 'rhe limit stops may comprise resillent blocks macle o:~ elastom~x::lc material provided ~r~ the members to limit relative movemen-t between the members. In the case 0:1 a rcsilient mounting :l~or use as a vehic le cab moun ting the l~locks may be arranged -to :fit insid~ a s-tructural channel OI the cab to simplify 1;he mountin~ assembly.
The invention will now be cle.c~ribed in more de-tail~
by way o.î example only, wi th re~`erence to the accompanying drawings wherein:-i'.ig~ 3 1 i.5 arl end e:l.evation o:e a mountillbr as n~ou~ decl;
:1. 5 l;`igure 2 i~; a tran3verse cro;s~ sectloll of' I~'igure l;
Figure 3 shows the mounting OI Figure 1 in the Xinished manufac-tured state;
Figwre 4 is a transverse c,ross-section OI Figure 3;
:F'igure 5 shows the mo-mting of F.igure 3 under s l;eady loacl;
Figrure 6 is L\ plan of thc mounting of` Figrure 5;
Figure 7 is L- cross-C;ec tion of' Figure 5;
Figures 8 ~nd 9 show two characteristics o-~ load~' ~5 de-~lec tion f'or versions of` the mo~m ting~
and ~igure 10 is a sec tional side elevatioll of` part of' another mo~m-ting in accordance wi th the ~L~3G~6~
5, present in~entlon.
'~le ll~VUIltin~' sho~n in ~i~ures 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings comprises outer and lnner rigid m~mbers 1 ancl 2 recipectiv,ely spaced relative to one another by means o~ an ~ccentric cylindrical rubber bush 3 acting between and bonclecl to the members, ~e mounting is suitable for use as a cab mounting in which ~he outer member 1 is ~-dapted to be securecl to the vehicle frame (not shown~ ancl the inner membeI 2 is ad~pted to be .secured to the cab (not shown) ancl is subjectecl to the working load.
The outel member 1 comprises a fla-t base 4, a pair of parallel vertical sides 5, angled shouldels 6 and a -~la-t top 7. I~le base 4 p:rojccts laterally beyoncl the sides 5 and i.s ~'ormed wl.tll mc~ullti~ ho:lcs 8 t,o rcc~ive bolts (not sllowll) 1. S f.o1~ S C,`C11'i11~r ttl~3 Ill~lml) C.'I' ~. to ~l ve~lic31~ 3mbc~L 1 is fo~rned with a through bore 9 defil~ing a cylindrical sur~`ace 10, 'l~e inl1er member 2 eomprises a steel tube 11 having a cylindrical outer sur-~ace 12, The tube 11 is located withi~ the bore 9 and has its longitudinal axls parallel to but offset ~'rom the a~is o~ the bore 9.
The busll 3 is :t`or~ned by li~ould:ing rubber in t,he space bet~veen -the con~'rontirlg sur:l'aces 10 ancl 12 o~' the Illember3 1 and 2 :r'e9pc-~c ti'~ell,y, the SUL'f';lC'-'S 10 aLlCI 12 each being prepared by conventlonal means to eft`ect bon~ g of the rubber to the surfaces.
~ s shown in Figure 1 the radial thickness oJ.` the rubber bel~w -the inner member 2 which is subjec-ted -to compressi4n ~'or~es by a load applied to -the inner member is ~L3~
subs tan tial Ly gI~ea-ter than 1;h,a t of` the ruhber above the inneI melllber 2 while -t~le r ubber abc,~ve the inller member 2 is ~`ormed with a cu-t~out comp:rising an aperture, 13 at the interface ~vi th the outer sur,face 12 oi-` the inner member to elimina-te terl.sile .fol~ces -therein due to the appli.ed load.
~ e aperture 13 is of generall.y dumb-l:)ell shap~ in transve.rse cros.s -sec tion ~aving edg,e portiolls 13a o f circu:lar Cl'OSS-s~ction interconne~cted by a narrow centrc po:r tion :1.3b The aper ture extends axially over the length of th~ inIIer member 2 and circumf'ererltially over approxirna tel,y one- th:ird of' -the inner member 2. The ape,r tu:re 13 is f'ormecd by meaIls of' a palr o:t` r emovable cores (not shown) to which the rubber cloes no t bond . '~he COl'eS a:re lnser t:ecl, one from 3:i. the~;~ eIld o:f' tl~e L)ore~ Fl, botweeIl t~ 3 membels 1 nnd 2 bc:eore mouldl '~ e coIe;l are con~ ucl;0d so rl3 t;o leave a n,l:rrC~V
ci.rcum:i'.'er0ntially e,cterldinu bri.dge piece l4 (I~lgure ~) betweell the adJacent ends i;hereo-f. I~e hridg(3 piece is r uptured when the rubber is :flexed followin~ removal of the cor es, A palr o f rubber enci ~3 tops l 5 and a rubber bump s top l6 provlc1ed on the oute:r sur.race o:f the outer membe,r 1 ar e mo~lldcd simul tc~neously wi th the bUSII 3 and are in-tegI al l:he:lcwit1~ e end stops I.S :Li,mit reka~:ive movemen-l, be-l;ween the memb{~rs in nn axicll clirec tion while the bump s top 16 lirni ts r ela tive movemen1; due to increased loading of -the moUllting .
~f ter mouldin~ the inner rnember 2 is expanded un ~il -I;he cen t:L e poX'tion l3b of the aper-t~l:re is closecl r~
U~
7.
(~`iguro 3~ l`his expansi.vll precorrlprasses the rubber in -the regi.ons markecl A in Fig-lre 3 i.e. at eith~r side Oe the ~ush adJacent t;o t:he end portions 13a o~ the aperture. The mourlting Ls then as sho~:n ln ~igure.s 3 ~n~
Typic~l Stlt;ic cab deflectio:n is 5 mm wit;h a further 5 mm o-f movement allowed before the bump stop 16 is con~act;ed. Inner member expan.~ion is dete.rml:n-rl largely by the radial thickness o the centle portion 13b of the ~ .
apex-ture as moulcled. In the case where the centre poxtion 1.
has a rlclial t;hickness o~ 3 mm an lncrease o~ the oxcler o~
10~ in the diameter O:L the irlner member 2 is sutficient to close the cen-t:re portion 13b so that the :rubber abov~ the i[lneI' member co~tac-Ls the outer ~u.r.-~ace 12 of the i.nner menlbel in -L.hu unlolclel:l colldll;iorl.
'l'l c mo~ tlrlv~ in It;s lloxm.l worklng COllcli tion carries t:he statlc load o~ a vehicle cab ancl the loacled conclitio:n i5 show.n ln Figures 53 6 and 7. ~e outer member 1 is bolted to the vehicle frame (not show-n) by mear~s of bolts (not shown~ passing ~hIougtl the mountin~r holes 8 in t;he base 4. rhe inne} member 2 Is securecl to the vehLcle cab (not shown) by means of a bol.t ~not shown) wh:Lch extends axially throu~rll t;he bore O:e the i:nner member 2 ancl is a~t~cllecl ~l: e~ch e~ncl to a respective one of` ~ pair o~
parallel lugs 17 which extend downwardlY from a mcuntlng ~langre 18 bolt:ccl to the vehicle cab. The statlc weight of t:he cab downwardly cle-~lects the inner ~ember 2 as shown in ~igures 5 and 7 theleby increasing the compressiol~ of the rubber below -the inner member 2, opening -the centre portion : .
3~26~
13b oL the apertuIe and l.essening -the p-recompxession in -the~
rubbel ~.one~
Vynamic v,~ric~tion ln the load applled is a~lowecl by the bush J.n the usu,,ll mannt-~r. Excessive moverllent of the innex '' member 2 in -the clownward direction (i.e. increasing load~ :is resisted by -the upper :L'larlge 1~ contac-ting the rubber stop 16 whlc}l causes a steep rise in sp-.ring rate. E,~cessive rebou~d movemerlt of the inner mermber (i.e. upwards as shown or - decreasing load) resLIlts in the cen-tre ,portion 13b O:e the aperture 13 Glosing and the inner member 2 contac-tin~,~ the .r~lbber above the inner member ~hlcll acts as a rebound s-top to give ~ steep r:ise :in rebouncl spI:ing ra~e. '~le resultarlt .o~lcl cle~ltecti.oll c:llar~c-t:eTI..sti{:~; o~ tht.~ mo~lntirlg i.s shown in ~ rc 8 i,n wll:lc,h clel'lectlon x is the~.static cl~t'lc,~c-l;:lon, 1 3 '1~l1e mOUII till~ .S tllUC; aTI eL:1'(.!C: t.tve :Low ra-te mountillg in ~IIe~
normal working range YZ yet has positive cush~.oning of excessive deflection O:e -the cab in ei-ther direction.
Fllrtller7ll0re relative ~novement between -the member.s in the axial direction o:f' the inner membeI 2 i.e. directions P and Q i~ igure 7 is restricted by -the end s-tops l.S contactin~
tl~ s ~7.
It will be appre~ciated l;h~lt by e~pandillg the :inner member 2 so as to close the ~elltre portion 13b of' the apelture in the un:loaded condi.tioII increases the range of' -the loads which can be applied to the mounting without subJecting the rubber above -the inner member to -tensile i'orces as compaled with the known mountings ln ~vhi.ch cut-outs provicled in the r ubber ar e open iII the ~Inloa(lecl 2~
') .
condition. Fur thermore -the control ol` the n~ountillg unde~r r ebound condi tiorls is improvecl since the amount o:e movemellt oi tllc inner member necesC;ary to close the centxe por tion OI the aper ture is reduced thus giving a consiclerable 5 improven~e~l t in the ride charac teris tlcs .
It will be apparenl; from the forenoirlg that if the dlamete~ of the inner member is increased even furtller~
for ex~mple OI tllQ ol der o~ 20j~, then in addi tion to clc~si.ng the centre pc~rtion 13b o~ the aper-ture the por!;ion oi' the 10 rubber above the inner member will be pr ecompressed givillg a mountillg havingr the spx:Lng characteris tic shown in Flgure 9. 'I'his charac-terist:Lc has the same nominal ess ill the workllly zone YZ as t;he snrru~ mollntiTIg ln v/lllcll t;llc cl:iam(3tor o:~: thc~ l.nrlcl m~rnbeI i.s incr~as~d by lO~y lS ~)ut tlle rebourld c.;top llOW act$ L~t Yl givL~ eYe~rl ~reater control uncler rebound.
Fur thermore i t will be unders tood t;hat the degree o~ exparlslon o~ -the inner member may be selected so that in addition to the abov~ described improved characteristic~s 20 o:f the rnountir.tg the r ubber below the innex mcmber w~ich is sub~ec ted to compre.ssion forces uLIder the appl:Lecl load and thc rubher in sicle z~ones A i~i su~'iciently precolllpressecl th.~ t i t r emair~s ~mdex c ompl ession clurirlg rebo~ cl. 'llhe rubber below the inner member is thexe~'ore }lever subjected 25 to -tensile forces wi th consequent increase in the f~tigue lie oî the mounting as compared wi th known mouIl tings ir~
tvhicl~ the rubber below lhe inner member is not pre compressed prior to appli.cat;ioll of a load ancl m~y thexe~'ore . .
:
' ~.~.3~
10, be s~lbjccted to tensile ~orces unclel rebound.
The invention is no-t restricted -to the ahove~
desc~ ed embc~climent which may be modi l'iecl in a nun~l~er o~e wa.y5, :t'or ~xample -th~3 lper ture 13 may be ~c,r m~d at the 5 inter:~ace wi th the outer member or at a position between the inner and outer member~; s~lch that thic~in~s o:~ rubber is bonded to t;he conProntlng sur:~'ac.es o~ l~oth ~ mbers.
'Ih~ ou ter member may be adapted to carry the workin~ load wl th the illner mer~ber being f'i~ed to the vehicle Irame.
~0 Irl this a~ rarl~L3rnent the cut-out vJould be p:rovicled in the rubber below the inner membel and the r ubber above the inner member would be subj ec ted to compression Iorces uncLer the workin~ loac'l.
'rh~3 outcr meltlbeI may be sub j ec tecl to ~ COII t;r.lc tion IS opeIa~;ion in ~lddi-l;iot-l or a.l ternative -I;o Ille expansion ol' the inner member to prod~lce~ the requLred recluction in the re:lative spaclng between the members. This method is par-ticularly sui table ii' the inner rigid member has a non-uni:eorm cross~section, :~or examp:l.e an inner member havlng 2a -thLe shape shown in Flg~re 10 in which the profile o:~' the outer sur-face o:~' the inner membcl 102 is selectcd to ~ive a par tlcu.l r cll;~rac-t;eris-tic uildel dyn~mic collcli -tions . A
~Ubl~er bUSII 10~ is boncled to -tlle inlleI membe~r 10~ and an ou-ter member tno t shown) . An aper ture 113 is :formecl a t the 25 interi~ace wi th the inner member and the outer member is subsecluel~tly contracted to close -the centre por tion 113b of the aperture.
'~he cut-ou-t in the rubber may be .. . .. . ..... . .
113i~
11, :for~ned by selective masl~ing o~ the surface ol the inner and~or outer members l;o prevellt bonding of -the rubber to the members over a selec-ted l'egiOII. ~le CUt-C?Ut is ~`ormed by the contractioll o~ -the xubber on cooling follciwing moulding which results in the rubl)er moving away ~rom -the sur~ace of the member in the maslced region.
'~ mounting may be connectecl to -the cah ancl frame by any appropriate method for exa~ple the base ~ and mount;i~g ~langç3 18 ~ou:Ld be secured by welding althougll the use Oe l~olts is preferred as providing eor easy replacement o~ the mounting whell necessary.
In addition to the end stops 15 and rt~?bouncl stop 16 rU~?I?eI mLLY be mo~llde{l onto other sur:~`aces, Oe the oute ~nelnber to provicle other c~}lzL:LLlcte:rist:L(s a5 rcquired.
I5I?in.L:Ily the n~OtlntingJ o:E the present lnvention has applications other than as a cab no-m-ti~g for example as an engine mounting~ and may be applied where a resilient mounting with fully cont,rollable ye-t resilient rebound control is rec~uired, , ' ,,, ~ , .
:.
Claims (17)
1. A resilient mounting comprising rigid inner and outer members spaced relative to one another to define confronting tubular surfaces, one of said members being arranged in use to support a working load and a tubular bush of elastomeric material acting between and bonded to said confronting surfaces, one half of said bush being formed with a cut-out extending over substantially the entire axial length of said bush and less than half the circumferential length of said bush, the relative spacing between said rigid members being subsequently reduced in the unloaded condition so that opposed surfaces defining said cut-out contact one another to close a centre portion of said cut-out along the longitudinal length thereof between the circumferential ends thereof and selectively pre-load said bush.
2. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein said rigid inner and outer members extend in a first plane and the working load supported by said one member in use acts in a second plane substantially normal to said first plane whereby the other half of said bush is subjected to compression forces and said one half is not subjected to tensile forces.
3. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein said rigid inner and outer members extend substantially horizontally and the working load supported by said one member in use acts substantially vertically whereby the other half of said bush is subjected to compression forces and said one half is not subjected to tensile forces.
4. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein in use said one rigid member is radially displaceable relative to the other of said members under the action of the working load whereby the other half of said bush is subjected to compression forces and said one half is not subjected to tensile forces.
5. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein said reduction in spacing is sufficient to pre-load in compression the portion of the elastomeric material in which said cut-out is formed in the unloaded condition.
6. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein said cut-out extends in the axial direction inwardly from each end of the bush towards the centre thereof.
7. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein said cut-out is within said elastomeric material.
8. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein said cut-out is at an interface between said elastomeric material and the adjacent surface of one of said rigid members.
9. A mounting according to claim 8 wherein said cut-out is at the interface with said inner rigid member.
10. A mounting according to claim 8 or claim 9 wherein said cut-out extends circumferentially over one-third of the surface of said member.
11. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein as considered in transverse cross-section said circumferential ends of said cut-out are of increased radial thickness relative to said centre portion.
12. A mounting according to claim 1 or claim 11 wherein as formed and prior to said reduction of relative spacing between said rigid members said centre portion of said cut-out is of uniform radial thickness.
13. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein at least one of said confronting surfaces is cylindrical and the associated rigid member is expanded or contracted to reduce the relative spacing between said confronting surfaces.
14. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein said outer rigid member has a cylindrical through bore and said inner rigid member comprises a cylindrical tube located in said bore and having its axis parallel to the axis of said bore.
15. A mounting according to claim 1 wherein said bush is eccentric having a greater radial thickness in the half opposite said one half.
16. A mounting according to claim 1 or claim 4 including a resilient bump stop to limit relative movement between said rigid members in the radial direction of said bush.
17. A mounting according to claim 1 or claim 4 including resilient end stops to limit relative movement between said rigid members in the axial direction of said bush.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB40216/78 | 1978-10-11 | ||
| GB7840216 | 1978-10-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1130261A true CA1130261A (en) | 1982-08-24 |
Family
ID=10500277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA337,349A Expired CA1130261A (en) | 1978-10-11 | 1979-10-10 | Resilient mountings |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU5166079A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1130261A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2941274A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2438768A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2032054B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE443621B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4821368A (en) * | 1987-09-04 | 1989-04-18 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Eccentric shock isolation grommet |
| US4854766A (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1989-08-08 | Gencorp Inc. | Slip bearing for a sway bar clamp |
| FR2675557A1 (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-10-23 | Hutchinson | ELASTIC DEVICE FOR SUSPENDING A VIBRATING STRUCTURE TO A RIGID STRUCTURE. |
| GB2339261A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-19 | Draftex Ind Ltd | Vehicle engine mounting |
| US9549503B2 (en) | 2012-07-02 | 2017-01-24 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Mount for a cabin of an agricultural harvester |
| DE102014201619A1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-08-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Auxiliary frame for vehicle, particularly passenger car, comprises elastic stopper body with hole asymmetrically located in loosened state and axially extending throughout in longitudinal direction with inlet and outlet for coupling unit |
| DE102013202502A1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-08-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Auxiliary frame for vehicle, particularly passenger car, comprises elastic stopper body with hole asymmetrically located in loosened state and axially extending throughout in longitudinal direction with inlet and outlet for coupling unit |
| DE202013100714U1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2013-03-07 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc. | Subframe for a vehicle |
| DE102017214511A1 (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-02-21 | Audi Ag | Rubber-metal bearing |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE690476C (en) * | 1937-02-16 | 1940-04-26 | Continental Gummi Werke Akt Ge | Bearing and spring bushing |
| US2621923A (en) * | 1947-03-01 | 1952-12-16 | Goodrich Co B F | Rubber spring |
| GB646073A (en) * | 1947-12-11 | 1950-11-15 | George Spencer Moulton & Co | Improvements in and relating to rubber torsion springs |
| GB679404A (en) * | 1950-05-15 | 1952-09-17 | Metalastik Ltd | A new or improved anti-vibration mounting for the power units of motor vehicles |
| DE1761124U (en) * | 1957-10-07 | 1958-02-06 | Clemens A Voigt | ELASTIC BEARING. |
| US3572677A (en) * | 1968-12-11 | 1971-03-30 | Ford Motor Co | Resilient bushing |
| FR2214067B1 (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1976-05-14 | Paulstra Sa | |
| US3850418A (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1974-11-26 | Gen Tire & Rubber Co | High elongation voided elastomeric bushings and method and means for their assembling |
| DE2337872C2 (en) * | 1973-07-26 | 1982-12-30 | Raoul Dipl.-Ing. 8992 Hengnau Jörn | Rubber-metal socket |
| US4002327A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1977-01-11 | Ford Motor Company | Resilient bushing |
| GB1490999A (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1977-11-09 | Chrysler Uk | Resilient bushes |
-
1979
- 1979-10-02 GB GB7934066A patent/GB2032054B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-08 SE SE7908317A patent/SE443621B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-10 CA CA337,349A patent/CA1130261A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-10 AU AU51660/79A patent/AU5166079A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1979-10-11 DE DE19792941274 patent/DE2941274A1/en active Granted
- 1979-10-11 FR FR7925311A patent/FR2438768A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2032054A (en) | 1980-04-30 |
| DE2941274A1 (en) | 1980-04-24 |
| DE2941274C2 (en) | 1989-09-21 |
| SE7908317L (en) | 1980-04-12 |
| AU5166079A (en) | 1980-04-17 |
| FR2438768A1 (en) | 1980-05-09 |
| FR2438768B1 (en) | 1984-03-23 |
| SE443621B (en) | 1986-03-03 |
| GB2032054B (en) | 1982-12-08 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |