CA1098654A - Arrangement in a biological dry toilet - Google Patents
Arrangement in a biological dry toiletInfo
- Publication number
- CA1098654A CA1098654A CA329,537A CA329537A CA1098654A CA 1098654 A CA1098654 A CA 1098654A CA 329537 A CA329537 A CA 329537A CA 1098654 A CA1098654 A CA 1098654A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- arrangement
- stairway
- waste
- stairways
- dry toilet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010796 biological waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
- A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/907—Small-scale devices without mechanical means for feeding or discharging material, e.g. garden compost bins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Arrangement in a biological dry toilet Abstract of the Disclosure Arrangement in a biological dry toilet by means of which soil improvement agent can be prepared from organic household waste, such as food left-overs and excrements. The arrangement comprises a tank, a means of for supplying waste, and a stairway on which the waste is arranged to be supplied from the supply means.
The stairway comprises a plurality downwards inclined steps and intermediate ventilation slots. The stairway is further divided into two sections arranged to receive alternately by means of a shiftable distributing means the waste fed to the stairway.
The stairway comprises a plurality downwards inclined steps and intermediate ventilation slots. The stairway is further divided into two sections arranged to receive alternately by means of a shiftable distributing means the waste fed to the stairway.
Description
. . --This invention relates to an arrangement in a bio-logical dry toilet by means of which soil improvement agent can be prepared from organic household wa~te, such as food le~t-overs and excrements, comprising:
- at least one main tank, - a means for supplying waste, and - a stairway on which the waste is arranged to be supplied from the supply means and which comprises a plurality of preferably downwards inclined steps and intermediate ventilation slots.
For example, from Finnish Patent No. 55169 issued on June 11, 1979 to Svenska Toa-Throne Ab is previously known an arrangement in which at least part of the bottom is formed as a stairway ha~ing inclined steps. Openings ar.d slots are arranged between the steps, the steps thereby being arranged in relation to each other such that no waste can penetrate into the air intake ducts.
However, the disadvantage in this arrangement is that the composting of waste is difficult to control because waste is supplied to the space at-irregular times and in irregular quantities. Also the moisture varies, among other things, depending on the supplied urine quantities.
In addition, the entire compost can be easily contaminated just before emptying, for example, by excrements containing pathogens.
It is the object of this invention to eliminate the above mentioned disadvantages and to produce a more efficient biological dry toilet.
The invention is based on the idea of using alternatively two stairways.
According to the invention there is provided 54~
arrangement in a biological dry toilet by means of which soil improvement agent can be prepared from organic household waste, such as food left-overs and excrements, comprising - at least one main tank, - a means for supplying waste, - a stairway on which the waste is arranged to be supplied from the supply means and which comprises a plurality of preferably downwards inclined steps and intermediate ventilation slots, characterized in that the stairway is divided into at least two sections arranged to receive alternately by means of a shiftable distributing means the waste fed to the stairway.
When applying the construction according to the invention, one of the stairways can first be filled with waste. When it contains a sufficient quantity of waste, the waste is by means of the distributing means directed to the other stairway. The waste on the first stairway is now composted under controlled circumstances. If there is too little moisture, water may be added. If there is too little organic matter, for example, food left-overs may - be added. A too big quantity of organic matter does not disturb the composting process because excessive carbon escapes as carbon dioxide. Thus, the composting takes place under favorable conditions. As, for example, excrements are not added, the pathogens will be destroyed before emptying this section of the arrangement.
This invention will now be described in more details by means of the accompanying drawing.
The drawing illustrates in schematic cross-section one : ' ' . ' .
.. . ~
embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
The biological dry toilet according to the drawing comprises a frame 1 to which are by means of sockets con-nected a waste supply pipe 2 in the upper end whereof a toilet seat 3 is located, and an air outlet 4, control and discharge openings 5, and air intakes 7. Two stairways 8 and a hinged distributing means 9 are arranged inside the body 1. The stairway is provided with slots 10.
In the embodiment, when distributing means 9 is located in the position indicated by a solid line, the stairway 8 on the left side is filled with waste 11 supplied through the seat 3 and the pipe 2. The arrange-ment obtains oxygen needed for composting from air 6 flowing through the openings 7 which air, when re~uired, can be preheated in ways known per se, such as by means of electric resistors. ~ir is discharged from the arrangement - through the opening 4 by means of a suction fan not shown in the drawing. The composting of the waste is controlled (supervised) through the opening 5 provided with a cover.
Through said opening, also organic matter and water may be added, when required, and the arrangement be emptied.
When the left side of the arrangement is provided with a sufficient quantity of waste,-the distributing means 9 ~ ~ is shifted to the position indicated by broken lines. Now ;~ the waste 11 is collected on the right-hand stairway 8.
The filling and emptying of the stairways thus takes place alternately.
Within the scope of the invention, a number of con~
structions differing from the embodiment described above . . .
may be contemplated. Thus, for example, the air intakes can be adjustable. In addition to the stairways, the ~ . ... .
~ - 4 -: ::::
i5gL
arrangement can also be provided with a horizonta]
composting space as an extension to said stairways.
Besides being used as a separate composting toilet, the arrangement may also be used in the combination of a biological dry toilet and a biological waste water purifying plant according to Finnish Patent No. 54595 issued on January 10, 1979 to Asko-Upo Oy and Aga Heating Ab. In this case, air can be preheated, for example, by means of a pipe arranged in the equalization basin.
Intake air flows through a pipe in said water bath.
Instead of two partial stairways, it is still possible to use one stairway suitably divided into two or more sections.
The number of the part stairways can also be bigger than two, for example, 3 or 4.
The flap structure functioning as distributing means ; may also at the top be suitably fastened or hinged on the upper part of the stairway arrangement.
~; .
~;~
' .
:
~t~
~ ''' ~ ' ' :' '
- at least one main tank, - a means for supplying waste, and - a stairway on which the waste is arranged to be supplied from the supply means and which comprises a plurality of preferably downwards inclined steps and intermediate ventilation slots.
For example, from Finnish Patent No. 55169 issued on June 11, 1979 to Svenska Toa-Throne Ab is previously known an arrangement in which at least part of the bottom is formed as a stairway ha~ing inclined steps. Openings ar.d slots are arranged between the steps, the steps thereby being arranged in relation to each other such that no waste can penetrate into the air intake ducts.
However, the disadvantage in this arrangement is that the composting of waste is difficult to control because waste is supplied to the space at-irregular times and in irregular quantities. Also the moisture varies, among other things, depending on the supplied urine quantities.
In addition, the entire compost can be easily contaminated just before emptying, for example, by excrements containing pathogens.
It is the object of this invention to eliminate the above mentioned disadvantages and to produce a more efficient biological dry toilet.
The invention is based on the idea of using alternatively two stairways.
According to the invention there is provided 54~
arrangement in a biological dry toilet by means of which soil improvement agent can be prepared from organic household waste, such as food left-overs and excrements, comprising - at least one main tank, - a means for supplying waste, - a stairway on which the waste is arranged to be supplied from the supply means and which comprises a plurality of preferably downwards inclined steps and intermediate ventilation slots, characterized in that the stairway is divided into at least two sections arranged to receive alternately by means of a shiftable distributing means the waste fed to the stairway.
When applying the construction according to the invention, one of the stairways can first be filled with waste. When it contains a sufficient quantity of waste, the waste is by means of the distributing means directed to the other stairway. The waste on the first stairway is now composted under controlled circumstances. If there is too little moisture, water may be added. If there is too little organic matter, for example, food left-overs may - be added. A too big quantity of organic matter does not disturb the composting process because excessive carbon escapes as carbon dioxide. Thus, the composting takes place under favorable conditions. As, for example, excrements are not added, the pathogens will be destroyed before emptying this section of the arrangement.
This invention will now be described in more details by means of the accompanying drawing.
The drawing illustrates in schematic cross-section one : ' ' . ' .
.. . ~
embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
The biological dry toilet according to the drawing comprises a frame 1 to which are by means of sockets con-nected a waste supply pipe 2 in the upper end whereof a toilet seat 3 is located, and an air outlet 4, control and discharge openings 5, and air intakes 7. Two stairways 8 and a hinged distributing means 9 are arranged inside the body 1. The stairway is provided with slots 10.
In the embodiment, when distributing means 9 is located in the position indicated by a solid line, the stairway 8 on the left side is filled with waste 11 supplied through the seat 3 and the pipe 2. The arrange-ment obtains oxygen needed for composting from air 6 flowing through the openings 7 which air, when re~uired, can be preheated in ways known per se, such as by means of electric resistors. ~ir is discharged from the arrangement - through the opening 4 by means of a suction fan not shown in the drawing. The composting of the waste is controlled (supervised) through the opening 5 provided with a cover.
Through said opening, also organic matter and water may be added, when required, and the arrangement be emptied.
When the left side of the arrangement is provided with a sufficient quantity of waste,-the distributing means 9 ~ ~ is shifted to the position indicated by broken lines. Now ;~ the waste 11 is collected on the right-hand stairway 8.
The filling and emptying of the stairways thus takes place alternately.
Within the scope of the invention, a number of con~
structions differing from the embodiment described above . . .
may be contemplated. Thus, for example, the air intakes can be adjustable. In addition to the stairways, the ~ . ... .
~ - 4 -: ::::
i5gL
arrangement can also be provided with a horizonta]
composting space as an extension to said stairways.
Besides being used as a separate composting toilet, the arrangement may also be used in the combination of a biological dry toilet and a biological waste water purifying plant according to Finnish Patent No. 54595 issued on January 10, 1979 to Asko-Upo Oy and Aga Heating Ab. In this case, air can be preheated, for example, by means of a pipe arranged in the equalization basin.
Intake air flows through a pipe in said water bath.
Instead of two partial stairways, it is still possible to use one stairway suitably divided into two or more sections.
The number of the part stairways can also be bigger than two, for example, 3 or 4.
The flap structure functioning as distributing means ; may also at the top be suitably fastened or hinged on the upper part of the stairway arrangement.
~; .
~;~
' .
:
~t~
~ ''' ~ ' ' :' '
Claims (7)
1. Arrangement in a biological dry toilet by means of which soil improvement agent can be prepared from organic household waste, such as food left-overs and excrements, comprising - at least one main tank, - a means for supplying waste - a stairway on which the waste is arranged to be supplied from the supply means and which comprises a plurality of preferably downwards inclined steps and intermediate ventilation slots, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the stairway is divided into at least two sections arranged to receive alternately by means of a shiftable distributing means the waste fed to the stairway.
2. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sections of the stairway comprise two separate part stairways.
3. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distriburing means is arranged under the supply means inside the tank.
4. An arrangement as claimed in claim 3, wherein the distributing means comprises a hinged, adjustable flap structure.
5. An arrangement as claimed in claim 4, wherein the flap structure is in the lower end hinged by means of an at least approximately horizontal hinge means.
6. An arrangement as claimed in claim 2, wherein the part stairways are arranged at least approximately symmetrically in relation to each other such that they are interconnected in their upper ends.
7. An arrangement as claimed in claim 5 and 6, wherein the hinge means of the flap structure is arranged at least approximately in the junction of the upper ends of the part stairways.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI781871A FI57249C (en) | 1978-06-12 | 1978-06-12 | ANORDNING VID BIOLOGISK TORRTOALETT |
| FI781871 | 1978-06-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1098654A true CA1098654A (en) | 1981-04-07 |
Family
ID=8511799
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA329,537A Expired CA1098654A (en) | 1978-06-12 | 1979-06-12 | Arrangement in a biological dry toilet |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1098654A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI57249C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7905078L (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817699B (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2013-07-24 | 章梦涛 | Biological drying system and method for sludge |
-
1978
- 1978-06-12 FI FI781871A patent/FI57249C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1979
- 1979-06-11 SE SE7905078A patent/SE7905078L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-06-12 CA CA329,537A patent/CA1098654A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI781871A (en) | 1979-12-13 |
| SE7905078L (en) | 1979-12-13 |
| FI57249B (en) | 1980-03-31 |
| FI57249C (en) | 1980-07-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |