CA1083976A - Method and apparatus for the filtration of a suspension or emulsion - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for the filtration of a suspension or emulsionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1083976A CA1083976A CA273,000A CA273000A CA1083976A CA 1083976 A CA1083976 A CA 1083976A CA 273000 A CA273000 A CA 273000A CA 1083976 A CA1083976 A CA 1083976A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- filter medium
- wash
- zone
- filter
- filter bed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4668—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter by moving the filtering element
- B01D24/4689—Displacement of the filtering material to a compartment of the filtering device for regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
- B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
- B01D24/16—Upward filtration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/04—Mounting of components, e.g. of leadless components
- H05K13/0404—Pick-and-place heads or apparatus, e.g. with jaws
- H05K13/0408—Incorporating a pick-up tool
- H05K13/0409—Sucking devices
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Soy Sauces And Products Related Thereto (AREA)
- Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A method for filtering a liquid which consists of supplying a liquid to a filter bed and causing the same to move upwardly therethrough and, at the same time, continuously removing filter medium particles from the bottom of the bed to a wash device and allowing the removed particles to flow through the wash device downwardly counter-current to the flow of filtered liquid upwardly therethrough. The apparatus consists of a casing for confining the zone of filter medium particles in the lower portion providing a filter bed and for confining a zone of filtered liquid above the filter bed. Means are provided, such as an air pump, for continuously removing filter medium particles from the bottom of the filter bed and transporting the same upwardly therethrough to an upper portion of the casing and discharging the same into an open ended pipe of a wash device disposed in the upper portion of the casing.
An outlet in the upper portion of the casing defines the upper surface of the zone of filtered liquid maintained above the filter bed. The pipe of the wash device has an open bottom end through which the washed filter medium particles are discharged onto the top of the filter bed and into which also the filtered liquid flows and upwardly through the wash pipe discharging at an elevation lower than the discharge of filtered liquid from the casing. A deflector is provided below the open bottom end of the wash pipe for spreading the washed filter medium particles on the top of the filter bed. The liquid to be filtered is supplied directly into the filter bed in the lower portion of the casing and at a higher elevation than the elevation from which the filter medium particles are removed continuously and transported to the wash device.
A method for filtering a liquid which consists of supplying a liquid to a filter bed and causing the same to move upwardly therethrough and, at the same time, continuously removing filter medium particles from the bottom of the bed to a wash device and allowing the removed particles to flow through the wash device downwardly counter-current to the flow of filtered liquid upwardly therethrough. The apparatus consists of a casing for confining the zone of filter medium particles in the lower portion providing a filter bed and for confining a zone of filtered liquid above the filter bed. Means are provided, such as an air pump, for continuously removing filter medium particles from the bottom of the filter bed and transporting the same upwardly therethrough to an upper portion of the casing and discharging the same into an open ended pipe of a wash device disposed in the upper portion of the casing.
An outlet in the upper portion of the casing defines the upper surface of the zone of filtered liquid maintained above the filter bed. The pipe of the wash device has an open bottom end through which the washed filter medium particles are discharged onto the top of the filter bed and into which also the filtered liquid flows and upwardly through the wash pipe discharging at an elevation lower than the discharge of filtered liquid from the casing. A deflector is provided below the open bottom end of the wash pipe for spreading the washed filter medium particles on the top of the filter bed. The liquid to be filtered is supplied directly into the filter bed in the lower portion of the casing and at a higher elevation than the elevation from which the filter medium particles are removed continuously and transported to the wash device.
Description
"o~s~6 The pre~ent invention relates to a method for the filtration of a suspension or emulsion and also to apparatus for carrying out the method.
In the filtration of a suspension or emulsion, it is previously known tc supply the suspension (or emulsion) to a filter bed consisting of a filter medium of particles enclosed in a tank. The suspension flows upwardly through the filter bed and, in some appropriate manner, ~ ;
the filtered liquid phase obtained by the filtratlon is discharged from the filter bed through outlet means provided with some appropriate cover means, for instance, jalousi wall or screen, to prevent the filter medlum from escaping with the filtered liquid phase~ In one such type of filtration apparatus it is also known, in order to obtain a continuously operating filtration apparatus, i.e. without shutting off the filtration during the cleaning of the filter medium, to allow the filter medium, while the filtration is going on, to flow downwardly through the filtra-tion tank, remove the dirtied (contaminated) filter medium in the course of filtration from the ba~e of the tank to a pipe positioned out-side of the tank, allow the dirtied filter medium to pass through a washing devlce, and return the cleaned filter medium from the washing -~
., : . .
device to the surface of the filter bed ln the tank. In another known , :, .
filtration apparatus, likewise provided with a washlng device positioned outside of the filtration tank but without filtration in counter-current between the filter medium and the suspension, the filtration oE the filter ;-medium takes place during the flow thereof in counter-current to the ;
wash liquid which is taken out from the pipe for delivering the suspension to be filtered.
The object of the present invention i8 to provide a continuously operating filter which, by simple means, provides reliable operation, high capacity in relation to required space, substantially always the same filtering capacity and efficient washing of the filter medium. `~
The filter, besides utilizing the advantage of an effective use of '.~
''.................................................................. : `':
3~76 ;
the filter bed by counter-current flow (known per sP) between the filter medium and the suspension during the filtration, also utilizes the advantage of improved washing by counter-current flow between the filter medium and the wash liquid (likewise known per se but in another filtering application3.
The present invention, as mentioned above in connection with the statement of prior art, relates to a method for the filtration of a sus-pension or emulsion wherein the suspension is supplied to ~ zone of filter medium of particles forming a filter bed, flows in the direction upwardly through the filter bed during the filtration and is discharged from the filter bed as filtered liquid phase. During filtration the filter medium flows in a direction downwardly through the filter bed zone in counter-current to the suspension past the inflow of the suspension into the filter bed. The filter medium is thereafter transported from the filter bed to a wash path and washing of the dirtied filter medium takes place during flow in counter-current to a wash liquid. The washed filter medium is then returned to the top surface of the filter bed zone.
The novel and characterizing features of the method according ;
to the invention is that at least a part of the filtered liquid phase is discharged from the filter bed zone for maintaining above this zone a zone of filtered liquid phase, that the transport of the dirtied filter medium takes place upwards through a defined passage of the filter bed zone, and that said counter-current washing of the dirtied filter medium along the wash path takes place during flow of the dirtied filter medium in counter-current to the filtered liquid phase utilized as wash liquld, which liquid phase is supplied to the wash path from said zone of filtered liquid phase.
Thus, according to the invention, the total filtering and washing process can take place within the filtration apparatus and the filtered or clarified liquid obtained by the filtration is, in a simple and advantageous manner, utilized as wash liquid.
~l33976 :~
Within the E~me of the present lnvention and as will become evident hereinafter, further improvements are provided with a view to making the -washing as well as the filtration still more effec~ive. During the wash-ing the relative velocity between the filter medium and the wash liquid is momentarily increased at least once which creates espeeially favourable conditions for washing the filter medium. Decelerating the filter medium at least once and increasing the contact tim~ between the filter medium ,~' and the wash liquid results in an increased effectiveness of the washing and also breaks caked aggregates of filter medium caused by the dirtying.
;
Also, according to the invention, the quantity of the wash liquid flowlng along the wash path can be controlled. As to the quantity of filter medium transported to the wash path, this quantity can, according to the invention, also be automatically controlled in order to constantly achieve an appropriately adapted flow of filter medium to the wash path and this control can be made by sensing quantity or pressure of the suspension before its supply to the filter bed zone. Finally, by a method according to the invention, air supplied for the transport of the dirtied filter medium can be prevent from infiltrating the filter bed zone by being previously ~rapped and dis- -- 20 charged, whereby risk for local fluidizing of the filter bed, which could result in substantiaI reduction of the ~iltering capacity of the filter bed, is eliminated.
The invention also relates to a filtration apparatus for carrying ;~
out the above-mentloned method. The filtration apparatus includes a zone of filter medium particles forming a filter bed, inlet means for the suspension or emulsion to be filtered positioned in the lower part of the filter bed zone for su~pension flow during the filtration in the direction up-wards ~hrough the filter bed, a space located below said inlet means and being in free communication with the filter bed zone, to which space the filter medium continuously is supplied by flow in the direction downwards `:~
through the filter bed zone, and a transport device for hauling the filter medium supplied to said space and dirtied by the filtration up to a wash device which is arranged and constructed for washing in ; counter-current between the filter medium and a wash liquid alld provided with means for returning the washed filter medium to the top surface of the filter bed. In the filtration apparatus of the present invention there is maintained, above the filter bed zone, a zone of filtered liquid phase obtained by the filtra~ion. The transport device comprises a pump havlng a pipe extending upwardly through the filter bed zone to at least the upper part of said zone of filtered 'iquid phase and i9 connected to the upper part of the wash device. The lower part of the wash device is provided with at least one inlet means which is connected to said zone of filtered liquid phase. In a preferred embodiment of the invention which, in respect to operation and construction, is simple, the wash device is immersed in said zone of filtered liquid phase and has its lower end located above the filter bed zone.
The invention is illustrated by way of e~ample with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a filtration apparatus in accordance with this invention;
Fig. 2 i9 an enlarged view of the upper portion of the filtration apparatus shown in Fig. 1 illustrating more clearly the wash device; and Fig. 3 is a top schematic view illustrating a filtration unit composed of a number of the Eiltration apparatu~es shown in Fig. 1.
Referring to Fig. 1, there i8 shown a particle filter medium 1 confined in a tank having walls 2 and a funnel or cone-shaped bottom 3.
The base of the cone preferably conforms to the shape of the tank as deflned by the walls 2.
The filter medium may be sand or other materials, such as particles of a plastics material or mixtures of several materials. A mixture of several grain slze fractions can be used in a continuously operatlng filter ~ 4 ~
1~)83~76 according to the invention which is contrary to conventional techniques, depending on what is to be ~filtered and how effective the filtration is to be carried out. A man skilled in the art can, by tests, determine the most suitable material and grain size in each particular case.
The suspension or emulsion to be filtered is supplied, as shown by arrow A, to the tank through inlet 4 which preferably is located as shown near the bottom of the tank. The flow of the suspension into the filter bed takes place in the lower part of the filter bed via a number of pipes 5 having outlets 6. A roof 7 is arranged above the outlet of each pipe to prevent the filter medium from being in direct contact with the outlets and to expose a larger surface of the filter medium to the supplied suspension. By this, the risk of clogging the filter owing to substantial momentary dirtying of the filter medium close to the pipe outlets is reduced. The roof 8 have a V-shaped croæs-sect~on and owing to this and to the arrangement of the pipe outlets with roofs, the movement of the filter medium downwards is considerably reduced. The arrange-ment of having the pipe outlets 6 in the lower part of the filter bed ~ provides an advantage in that the filter medium being the dirtiest, ; i.e. the filter medium passing the roof~ and the pipe outlets, continues downwards and is no more utilized for filtration. By this the risk of clogging is reduced since new filter medium can be exposed to the incoming suspension. The incoming suspension flows, in co~mter-current to the filter medium, upwardly through a zone of the filter bed towards increasingly cleaner Eilter medium. The filtered liquid phase obtained during the flow of the suspension upwards through the filter bed zone is ~-kept as a zone 8 of filtered liquid phase above the filter bed and its surface level is, in the embodiment shown, fixed by discharging the filtered liquid phase from the filtration apparatus via a weir 9 to an outlet (arrow B).
In the tank bottom 3, down into which the dirty filter medium flows, the intake of some conveying or pumping devlce 10 is located.
. .
' ~OE~397~;
As appears from the illustrated embodlment, the conveying device extends centrally through the apparatus and can for lnstance consist of a mammoth pump. Such a pump operates with air as transport medlum and the air is supplied from above downwardY along a pipe 11 extending alongside a tran~-port pipe 12 forming a part of the conveying device. The air is ~upplied to the transport pipe 12 through hole~ ~n~t shown) in the lower part of the pipe. The fil~er medium i8 transported (arrow C) by the air through the pipe 12 up to a wash device 13 (de~cribed hereinafter~ positioned above the filter bed.
If the air conducted into the mammoth pump for some reason should - ;
extrude through the lower part of the transport pipe 12 and infiltrate the filter medium, there is a risk of local fluidizing of the filter medium resulting in a substantial reduction of the filtering capacity of the filter. In arder to prevent such a disturbance, a funnel 14, turned upside down, is placed above and around the lntake of the pump.
The funnel catches the escaped alr and discharges the same through holes in the top end of the funnel into a pipe 15 extending alongside the transport pipe. The funnel also eerves as guide means for the flow of ; the filter medium downwards 80 that a uniform flow profile (flow character-istic) is obtained over the cross-section of the apparatus.
The above-described roof~ 7 positioned above the outlets 6 of the inlet pipes contrlbute, as well as the funnel 14, to achieve desired flow proile. Such rooE~ can, although not shown, in order to still more ensure desired flow profile, be arranged ln the filter bed at other places and wlthout being associated with inlets of the suspension into the filter bed through the outlets 6.
The wash device 13 is ~hown in larger scale in Fig. 2. The filter medium to be washed arrives from the upper end of the transport pipe 12, turns ~arrow D) and flows downward~ along a wash path formed by the space between the tran~port pipe 12 and an outer pipe 16. The outer pipe 16 is preferably concentrically arranged relative to the transport plpe 12.
, `~ - 6 - ~
1083~
The filter medium can, owing to its dirtiness, contain clumps and these are broken up by striking a plate 17 or the like positioned in the flow path of the filter medium. The veloclty of fall of the filter medium is also decelerated by the plate 17. The filter medium hits thereafter, further down in the wash path, an intermediate partition 18 provided with holes 19, preferably followed by a number of additional intermediate partitions o~ similar shape. In the embodiment shown there are five intermediate partitions. The holes 19 in two adjacent partitions are preferably displaced in relation to each other, so that a vertical free ; lO passage for the filter medlum is prevented. Owing to this, there is a frequent deceleration of the filter medium during its passage thr~ugh the wash device. The filter medium flows downwardly counter-current to an upwardly flowing wash liquid. The velocity of the wash liquid becomes momentarily higher when it flows through the holes in the intermediate partitions which results in particularly favourable conditions for the washing of the filter mediu~.
The filtered liquid phase in zone 8 positioned above the filter bed is used as wash liquid. The wash device is in this respect immersed in the filtered liquid phase in zone 8 and, as shown with arrow E in
In the filtration of a suspension or emulsion, it is previously known tc supply the suspension (or emulsion) to a filter bed consisting of a filter medium of particles enclosed in a tank. The suspension flows upwardly through the filter bed and, in some appropriate manner, ~ ;
the filtered liquid phase obtained by the filtratlon is discharged from the filter bed through outlet means provided with some appropriate cover means, for instance, jalousi wall or screen, to prevent the filter medlum from escaping with the filtered liquid phase~ In one such type of filtration apparatus it is also known, in order to obtain a continuously operating filtration apparatus, i.e. without shutting off the filtration during the cleaning of the filter medium, to allow the filter medium, while the filtration is going on, to flow downwardly through the filtra-tion tank, remove the dirtied (contaminated) filter medium in the course of filtration from the ba~e of the tank to a pipe positioned out-side of the tank, allow the dirtied filter medium to pass through a washing devlce, and return the cleaned filter medium from the washing -~
., : . .
device to the surface of the filter bed ln the tank. In another known , :, .
filtration apparatus, likewise provided with a washlng device positioned outside of the filtration tank but without filtration in counter-current between the filter medium and the suspension, the filtration oE the filter ;-medium takes place during the flow thereof in counter-current to the ;
wash liquid which is taken out from the pipe for delivering the suspension to be filtered.
The object of the present invention i8 to provide a continuously operating filter which, by simple means, provides reliable operation, high capacity in relation to required space, substantially always the same filtering capacity and efficient washing of the filter medium. `~
The filter, besides utilizing the advantage of an effective use of '.~
''.................................................................. : `':
3~76 ;
the filter bed by counter-current flow (known per sP) between the filter medium and the suspension during the filtration, also utilizes the advantage of improved washing by counter-current flow between the filter medium and the wash liquid (likewise known per se but in another filtering application3.
The present invention, as mentioned above in connection with the statement of prior art, relates to a method for the filtration of a sus-pension or emulsion wherein the suspension is supplied to ~ zone of filter medium of particles forming a filter bed, flows in the direction upwardly through the filter bed during the filtration and is discharged from the filter bed as filtered liquid phase. During filtration the filter medium flows in a direction downwardly through the filter bed zone in counter-current to the suspension past the inflow of the suspension into the filter bed. The filter medium is thereafter transported from the filter bed to a wash path and washing of the dirtied filter medium takes place during flow in counter-current to a wash liquid. The washed filter medium is then returned to the top surface of the filter bed zone.
The novel and characterizing features of the method according ;
to the invention is that at least a part of the filtered liquid phase is discharged from the filter bed zone for maintaining above this zone a zone of filtered liquid phase, that the transport of the dirtied filter medium takes place upwards through a defined passage of the filter bed zone, and that said counter-current washing of the dirtied filter medium along the wash path takes place during flow of the dirtied filter medium in counter-current to the filtered liquid phase utilized as wash liquld, which liquid phase is supplied to the wash path from said zone of filtered liquid phase.
Thus, according to the invention, the total filtering and washing process can take place within the filtration apparatus and the filtered or clarified liquid obtained by the filtration is, in a simple and advantageous manner, utilized as wash liquid.
~l33976 :~
Within the E~me of the present lnvention and as will become evident hereinafter, further improvements are provided with a view to making the -washing as well as the filtration still more effec~ive. During the wash-ing the relative velocity between the filter medium and the wash liquid is momentarily increased at least once which creates espeeially favourable conditions for washing the filter medium. Decelerating the filter medium at least once and increasing the contact tim~ between the filter medium ,~' and the wash liquid results in an increased effectiveness of the washing and also breaks caked aggregates of filter medium caused by the dirtying.
;
Also, according to the invention, the quantity of the wash liquid flowlng along the wash path can be controlled. As to the quantity of filter medium transported to the wash path, this quantity can, according to the invention, also be automatically controlled in order to constantly achieve an appropriately adapted flow of filter medium to the wash path and this control can be made by sensing quantity or pressure of the suspension before its supply to the filter bed zone. Finally, by a method according to the invention, air supplied for the transport of the dirtied filter medium can be prevent from infiltrating the filter bed zone by being previously ~rapped and dis- -- 20 charged, whereby risk for local fluidizing of the filter bed, which could result in substantiaI reduction of the ~iltering capacity of the filter bed, is eliminated.
The invention also relates to a filtration apparatus for carrying ;~
out the above-mentloned method. The filtration apparatus includes a zone of filter medium particles forming a filter bed, inlet means for the suspension or emulsion to be filtered positioned in the lower part of the filter bed zone for su~pension flow during the filtration in the direction up-wards ~hrough the filter bed, a space located below said inlet means and being in free communication with the filter bed zone, to which space the filter medium continuously is supplied by flow in the direction downwards `:~
through the filter bed zone, and a transport device for hauling the filter medium supplied to said space and dirtied by the filtration up to a wash device which is arranged and constructed for washing in ; counter-current between the filter medium and a wash liquid alld provided with means for returning the washed filter medium to the top surface of the filter bed. In the filtration apparatus of the present invention there is maintained, above the filter bed zone, a zone of filtered liquid phase obtained by the filtra~ion. The transport device comprises a pump havlng a pipe extending upwardly through the filter bed zone to at least the upper part of said zone of filtered 'iquid phase and i9 connected to the upper part of the wash device. The lower part of the wash device is provided with at least one inlet means which is connected to said zone of filtered liquid phase. In a preferred embodiment of the invention which, in respect to operation and construction, is simple, the wash device is immersed in said zone of filtered liquid phase and has its lower end located above the filter bed zone.
The invention is illustrated by way of e~ample with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a filtration apparatus in accordance with this invention;
Fig. 2 i9 an enlarged view of the upper portion of the filtration apparatus shown in Fig. 1 illustrating more clearly the wash device; and Fig. 3 is a top schematic view illustrating a filtration unit composed of a number of the Eiltration apparatu~es shown in Fig. 1.
Referring to Fig. 1, there i8 shown a particle filter medium 1 confined in a tank having walls 2 and a funnel or cone-shaped bottom 3.
The base of the cone preferably conforms to the shape of the tank as deflned by the walls 2.
The filter medium may be sand or other materials, such as particles of a plastics material or mixtures of several materials. A mixture of several grain slze fractions can be used in a continuously operatlng filter ~ 4 ~
1~)83~76 according to the invention which is contrary to conventional techniques, depending on what is to be ~filtered and how effective the filtration is to be carried out. A man skilled in the art can, by tests, determine the most suitable material and grain size in each particular case.
The suspension or emulsion to be filtered is supplied, as shown by arrow A, to the tank through inlet 4 which preferably is located as shown near the bottom of the tank. The flow of the suspension into the filter bed takes place in the lower part of the filter bed via a number of pipes 5 having outlets 6. A roof 7 is arranged above the outlet of each pipe to prevent the filter medium from being in direct contact with the outlets and to expose a larger surface of the filter medium to the supplied suspension. By this, the risk of clogging the filter owing to substantial momentary dirtying of the filter medium close to the pipe outlets is reduced. The roof 8 have a V-shaped croæs-sect~on and owing to this and to the arrangement of the pipe outlets with roofs, the movement of the filter medium downwards is considerably reduced. The arrange-ment of having the pipe outlets 6 in the lower part of the filter bed ~ provides an advantage in that the filter medium being the dirtiest, ; i.e. the filter medium passing the roof~ and the pipe outlets, continues downwards and is no more utilized for filtration. By this the risk of clogging is reduced since new filter medium can be exposed to the incoming suspension. The incoming suspension flows, in co~mter-current to the filter medium, upwardly through a zone of the filter bed towards increasingly cleaner Eilter medium. The filtered liquid phase obtained during the flow of the suspension upwards through the filter bed zone is ~-kept as a zone 8 of filtered liquid phase above the filter bed and its surface level is, in the embodiment shown, fixed by discharging the filtered liquid phase from the filtration apparatus via a weir 9 to an outlet (arrow B).
In the tank bottom 3, down into which the dirty filter medium flows, the intake of some conveying or pumping devlce 10 is located.
. .
' ~OE~397~;
As appears from the illustrated embodlment, the conveying device extends centrally through the apparatus and can for lnstance consist of a mammoth pump. Such a pump operates with air as transport medlum and the air is supplied from above downwardY along a pipe 11 extending alongside a tran~-port pipe 12 forming a part of the conveying device. The air is ~upplied to the transport pipe 12 through hole~ ~n~t shown) in the lower part of the pipe. The fil~er medium i8 transported (arrow C) by the air through the pipe 12 up to a wash device 13 (de~cribed hereinafter~ positioned above the filter bed.
If the air conducted into the mammoth pump for some reason should - ;
extrude through the lower part of the transport pipe 12 and infiltrate the filter medium, there is a risk of local fluidizing of the filter medium resulting in a substantial reduction of the filtering capacity of the filter. In arder to prevent such a disturbance, a funnel 14, turned upside down, is placed above and around the lntake of the pump.
The funnel catches the escaped alr and discharges the same through holes in the top end of the funnel into a pipe 15 extending alongside the transport pipe. The funnel also eerves as guide means for the flow of ; the filter medium downwards 80 that a uniform flow profile (flow character-istic) is obtained over the cross-section of the apparatus.
The above-described roof~ 7 positioned above the outlets 6 of the inlet pipes contrlbute, as well as the funnel 14, to achieve desired flow proile. Such rooE~ can, although not shown, in order to still more ensure desired flow profile, be arranged ln the filter bed at other places and wlthout being associated with inlets of the suspension into the filter bed through the outlets 6.
The wash device 13 is ~hown in larger scale in Fig. 2. The filter medium to be washed arrives from the upper end of the transport pipe 12, turns ~arrow D) and flows downward~ along a wash path formed by the space between the tran~port pipe 12 and an outer pipe 16. The outer pipe 16 is preferably concentrically arranged relative to the transport plpe 12.
, `~ - 6 - ~
1083~
The filter medium can, owing to its dirtiness, contain clumps and these are broken up by striking a plate 17 or the like positioned in the flow path of the filter medium. The veloclty of fall of the filter medium is also decelerated by the plate 17. The filter medium hits thereafter, further down in the wash path, an intermediate partition 18 provided with holes 19, preferably followed by a number of additional intermediate partitions o~ similar shape. In the embodiment shown there are five intermediate partitions. The holes 19 in two adjacent partitions are preferably displaced in relation to each other, so that a vertical free ; lO passage for the filter medlum is prevented. Owing to this, there is a frequent deceleration of the filter medium during its passage thr~ugh the wash device. The filter medium flows downwardly counter-current to an upwardly flowing wash liquid. The velocity of the wash liquid becomes momentarily higher when it flows through the holes in the intermediate partitions which results in particularly favourable conditions for the washing of the filter mediu~.
The filtered liquid phase in zone 8 positioned above the filter bed is used as wash liquid. The wash device is in this respect immersed in the filtered liquid phase in zone 8 and, as shown with arrow E in
2~ the illustrated embodlment, the ~sh liquid, i.e. the filtered liquid phase, is supplied to the wa~h path througb an opening 20 between the lower end of the outer pipe 16 and the transport pipe 12 and Plows upwards along the wa~h path. The wash liquld which becomes dlrty during the washing, i.e. the re~ect, is discharged from the wash path as shown with arrow F, flows over a weir 21 and i9 discharged from the apparatus as shDwn with arrow G. Thig weir can be adjustable as to its height and width position, thereby making it possible to control the quantity of wash liquid. For instance, the quantity of wash liquid is increased upon lowering of the weir. The quantity of wash liquid is also automatic-ally increased when the level of the filtered liquid above the filterbed rises, for instance by increased load on the filtration apparatus.
l~J83S~t76 In order to gulde the filter medium~ discharged from the transport pipe 12, downwardly to the wash path and in order to separate the reject from the incoming Eilter medium, a pipe 22 is arranged between the outer pipe 16 ~nd the transport pipe 12, such pipe 22 being lowered a distance past the top end of the transport pipe.
The pipe 22 projects out beyond the outer pipe 16, and air supply pipe 11 and alr discharge pipe 15 pass through the pipe 22. The pipe 22 also encloses a device 23 for capturing air from the transport pipe 12 containing filter medium. In the illustrated embodiment this capturing device consists of downwardly facing cones and upwardly facing truncated cones, alternately arranged.
Although not shown, a part of the filtered liquid phase can, if desired, be taken out within the filter bed zone below its top surface by arranging outlet pipes for filtered liquid phase. The inlets to such outlet pipes preferably are located substantially vertically above the outlets of inlet pipes 6. Also, if desired, roofs can be placed over the inlets to such pipes in conformity with the roofs 7 located above the ; outlets of inlet pipes 6. By taking out the filtrated liquid phase through such outlet pipes having their inlets positioned within the filter 2Q bed zone, below the top surface thereof, a satisfactory filtrated liquid phase is ensured also upon, for instance, possible shutdowns in the wash device, in which case the filtered liquid phase existing above the filter bed could be dirty.
Below the bottom end of the wash device a cone 24 is arranged for spreading the filter material coming from the wash device out over the top surface of the filter bed. Moreover, the cone 24 is provided with a suitable number of holes 25 in order to obtain a supply of filter medium particles to the surface of the filter bed positioned below the cDne.
s ~
Besides the above described automatic control of the wash liquid quantity, also an automatic control of the quantity of filter medium supplied to the wash can, although not shown~ be accomplished. By placing , ~ ' .
,:
'' , ~ 39176 a quantity sensing or pressure sensing means ln the supply pipe for the suspension (in ~ig, 1 indicated with the arrow A) a signal indicating a change, for instance a pressure lncrease owing to accumulation of suspended material in the filter bed, is obtained. This signal can~in a manner known per se~be used for the control of the capacity of the conveying or pumpin~ device 10 so that the transported quantity of filter medium to the wash device is increased or decreased.
In the embodiment described above and shown on the drawings, the wash device is immersed in the zone 8 of filtered liquid phase and ~, the filtered liquid phase is from this zone admitted as wash liquid into the wash device through the opening 20. The filtered liquid phase utilized for the washing can, however, alternatively be laterally admitted through one or several openings in the outer pipe 16 at the lower portion thereof. In another alternative embodiment, not shown, in which likewise filtered liquid pha~e from the zone 8 i9 utilized as wash liquid, at least a part of the wash device is immersed in and separately arranged relative to the filter bed and one or several pipes are drawn from the zone 8 to the lower portion of the wash device for the supply of the wash liquid to the wash device so positioned.
A ~iltration apparatus according to the invention, for instance, the preferred embodiment described above and shown in Figs. 1 and 2, makes a construction with comparatively small dimension~ possible and thereby the advantage is achieved that the apparatus i~ easy to handle and ea~y to attend in operation. Moreover, owing to the act that all elements required for the contimlously operating apparatus are positioned within the apparatus and furthermore that certain devices, for instance the wash device and the conveying or pumping device, can be formed as units, the apparatus is well adapted to be built as a module. When greater filtration capacities than one single apparatus can produce are required it is possible to build together, in a simple and advantageous way, several apparatuses into one large filtrat~on plant. Such a filtration . .
g _ : . :
~B39~
plant is exemplified and somewhat schematically shown in Fig. 3 and comprises a group of eight module-built filtration apparatuses joined together. All devices and elements required for the operation of a filtration apparatus according to the invention, for instance a filtra-tion apparatus as shown in ~igs. 1 and 2, are embodied in each module.
However, the walls 2, which border against each other in the group, are removed (the dashed lines in Fig. 3 are intended to illustrate the upper ~-edge of the bottoms 3). Furthermore, for each row 29 of filtration apparatuses there is a common outlet 26 for the filtered liquid phase discharged from each filtration apparatus (arrow B in Figs. 1 and 2) and for both rows 29 there is a common outlet 27 for the re~ect from the wash device (arrow G in Figs. 1 and 2). It is apparently not necessary to arrange these common outlets 26 and/or 27 as shown but such an arrange-ment obviously simplifies the construction. The outer wall 28 enclosing the filtration apparatus can consist of walls 2 in each filtration apparatus, but alternatively all walls 2 in each filtration apparatus can be removed and a separate outer wall be built around the filtration plant.
As is al80 eYident from Fi8. 3, each apparatus module has a hexagonal - ~ .
form in cross-section. This form sl~ows ~imple joining to larger filtra-tion plants. Other forms are, however, possible to u~e, for instance, square, which also allows simple ~oining. A square form can, however, compared with for instance hexagonal form be less suitable owlng to the fact that the filter medium situated in the corners is decelerated in its movement downwards and thus less active in the filtration. -~
,' ~', .'~
~
. ~
: ~ ~ '`'`'` 10 ~
- . ,. :
l~J83S~t76 In order to gulde the filter medium~ discharged from the transport pipe 12, downwardly to the wash path and in order to separate the reject from the incoming Eilter medium, a pipe 22 is arranged between the outer pipe 16 ~nd the transport pipe 12, such pipe 22 being lowered a distance past the top end of the transport pipe.
The pipe 22 projects out beyond the outer pipe 16, and air supply pipe 11 and alr discharge pipe 15 pass through the pipe 22. The pipe 22 also encloses a device 23 for capturing air from the transport pipe 12 containing filter medium. In the illustrated embodiment this capturing device consists of downwardly facing cones and upwardly facing truncated cones, alternately arranged.
Although not shown, a part of the filtered liquid phase can, if desired, be taken out within the filter bed zone below its top surface by arranging outlet pipes for filtered liquid phase. The inlets to such outlet pipes preferably are located substantially vertically above the outlets of inlet pipes 6. Also, if desired, roofs can be placed over the inlets to such pipes in conformity with the roofs 7 located above the ; outlets of inlet pipes 6. By taking out the filtrated liquid phase through such outlet pipes having their inlets positioned within the filter 2Q bed zone, below the top surface thereof, a satisfactory filtrated liquid phase is ensured also upon, for instance, possible shutdowns in the wash device, in which case the filtered liquid phase existing above the filter bed could be dirty.
Below the bottom end of the wash device a cone 24 is arranged for spreading the filter material coming from the wash device out over the top surface of the filter bed. Moreover, the cone 24 is provided with a suitable number of holes 25 in order to obtain a supply of filter medium particles to the surface of the filter bed positioned below the cDne.
s ~
Besides the above described automatic control of the wash liquid quantity, also an automatic control of the quantity of filter medium supplied to the wash can, although not shown~ be accomplished. By placing , ~ ' .
,:
'' , ~ 39176 a quantity sensing or pressure sensing means ln the supply pipe for the suspension (in ~ig, 1 indicated with the arrow A) a signal indicating a change, for instance a pressure lncrease owing to accumulation of suspended material in the filter bed, is obtained. This signal can~in a manner known per se~be used for the control of the capacity of the conveying or pumpin~ device 10 so that the transported quantity of filter medium to the wash device is increased or decreased.
In the embodiment described above and shown on the drawings, the wash device is immersed in the zone 8 of filtered liquid phase and ~, the filtered liquid phase is from this zone admitted as wash liquid into the wash device through the opening 20. The filtered liquid phase utilized for the washing can, however, alternatively be laterally admitted through one or several openings in the outer pipe 16 at the lower portion thereof. In another alternative embodiment, not shown, in which likewise filtered liquid pha~e from the zone 8 i9 utilized as wash liquid, at least a part of the wash device is immersed in and separately arranged relative to the filter bed and one or several pipes are drawn from the zone 8 to the lower portion of the wash device for the supply of the wash liquid to the wash device so positioned.
A ~iltration apparatus according to the invention, for instance, the preferred embodiment described above and shown in Figs. 1 and 2, makes a construction with comparatively small dimension~ possible and thereby the advantage is achieved that the apparatus i~ easy to handle and ea~y to attend in operation. Moreover, owing to the act that all elements required for the contimlously operating apparatus are positioned within the apparatus and furthermore that certain devices, for instance the wash device and the conveying or pumping device, can be formed as units, the apparatus is well adapted to be built as a module. When greater filtration capacities than one single apparatus can produce are required it is possible to build together, in a simple and advantageous way, several apparatuses into one large filtrat~on plant. Such a filtration . .
g _ : . :
~B39~
plant is exemplified and somewhat schematically shown in Fig. 3 and comprises a group of eight module-built filtration apparatuses joined together. All devices and elements required for the operation of a filtration apparatus according to the invention, for instance a filtra-tion apparatus as shown in ~igs. 1 and 2, are embodied in each module.
However, the walls 2, which border against each other in the group, are removed (the dashed lines in Fig. 3 are intended to illustrate the upper ~-edge of the bottoms 3). Furthermore, for each row 29 of filtration apparatuses there is a common outlet 26 for the filtered liquid phase discharged from each filtration apparatus (arrow B in Figs. 1 and 2) and for both rows 29 there is a common outlet 27 for the re~ect from the wash device (arrow G in Figs. 1 and 2). It is apparently not necessary to arrange these common outlets 26 and/or 27 as shown but such an arrange-ment obviously simplifies the construction. The outer wall 28 enclosing the filtration apparatus can consist of walls 2 in each filtration apparatus, but alternatively all walls 2 in each filtration apparatus can be removed and a separate outer wall be built around the filtration plant.
As is al80 eYident from Fi8. 3, each apparatus module has a hexagonal - ~ .
form in cross-section. This form sl~ows ~imple joining to larger filtra-tion plants. Other forms are, however, possible to u~e, for instance, square, which also allows simple ~oining. A square form can, however, compared with for instance hexagonal form be less suitable owlng to the fact that the filter medium situated in the corners is decelerated in its movement downwards and thus less active in the filtration. -~
,' ~', .'~
~
. ~
: ~ ~ '`'`'` 10 ~
- . ,. :
Claims (39)
1. A method of filtering a suspension or emulsion comprising supplying the suspension to be filtered to a filter bed of filter medium particles at a position above the bottom of the bed, causing the suspension to flow in a direction upwardly through the filter bed, maintaining a zone of filtered liquid phase above the filter bed, withdrawing filter medium particles from the lower part of the filter bed thereby causing the filter medium to flow downwardly counter-current to inflow of the suspension, transporting the filter particles, withdrawn from the filter bed, to a wash path for washing the dirtied filter medium during flow along the wash path in counter-current to a wash liquid, causing a portion of the filtered liquid phase discharged from the filter bed and maintained in the zone thereabove to flow in a direction upwardly along the wash path and thereby providing the wash liquid, and returning the washed filter medium to the top surface of the filter bed zone.
2. A method according to claim 1 including the step of momentarily, at least once, increasing the relative velocity between the filter medium and the wash liquid during the washing.
3. A method according to claim 2 including the step of decelerating, at least once, the flow velocity of the filter medium during the washing.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that said decelera-tion takes place along a zone of the wash path followed by said momentary increase.
5. A method according to claims 2, 3 or 4 including the step of breaking up caked aggregates of filter medium particles, caused by the dirtying of the filter medium, prior to the washing.
6. A method according to claim 1 including the step of controlling the quantity of the wash liquid flowing along the wash path.
7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the quantity of wash liquid is controlled by adjustment of outflow of dirtied wash liquid obtained during the washing.
8. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the quantity of wash liquid is controlled by changing the level of the zone of filtered liquid phase.
9. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the quantity of the filter medium transported to the wash path is controlled by quantity sensing or pressure sensing of the suspension prior to the supply thereof to the filter bed zone.
10. A method according to claim 1, wherein air is used to transport the filtered filter medium and wherein air coming from a supply to transport the dirtied filter medium is prevented from infiltrating into the filter bed zone by being trapped and then discharged.
11. A filtration apparatus for filtering a suspension, emulsion or the like comprising a confined zone of filter medium particles forming a filter bed extending in a vertical direction of the apparatus, inlet means for directing the suspension into the filter bed zone at a position above the bottom thereof so that there is space located below said inlet means in free communication with the filter bed zone and to which space the filter medium is continuously supplied by flow in a direction downwards, means for confining a zone of filtered liquid phase, obtained by the filtration, above said filter bed, a transport device for hauling the filter medium supplied to said space and dirtied by the filtration up to a wash device arranged and constructed for washing in counter-current between the filter medium and a wash liquid and provided with means for returning the washed filter medium to the top surface of the filter bed, said transport device comprising a pipe extending from said space below said inlet means through the filter bed zone and to said zone for the filtered liquid phase and a wash device having an upper part connected to said pipe and a lower part provided with at least one inlet means communicating with said zone for the filtered liquid phase.
12. A filtration apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the wash device is immersed into the zone for filtered liquid phase and has its inlet means positioned above the filter bed zone.
13. A filtration apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, character-ized in that the transport device and the wash device are positioned centrally in the apparatus.
14. A filtration apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the wash device comprises a pipe having an open bottom end providing said inlet for the filtered liquid phase to the wash pipe.
15. A filtration apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the pipe of the wash device is concentrically arranged around an upper portion of the pipe of the transport device.
16. A filtration apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the wash device is provided with at least one means for momentarily increasing the velocity of a wash liquid.
17. A filtration apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the wash device is provided with at least one means for decelerat-ing the velocity of the filter medium.
18. A filtration apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that said velocity-increasing means and decelerating means are provided by a common unit.
19. A filtration apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that said velocity-increasing and decelerating means consists of at least one perforated disc extending across the flow path in the wash device.
20. A filtration apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that there are at least two discs arranged in series in spaced apart relation in the flow path and wherein the holes in the two discs are displaced relative to each other in the flow path.
21. A filtration apparatus according to claims 11, 12 or 14 including means in an upper part of the wash device for breaking up caked aggregates of filter medium caused by the dirtying of the filter medium.
22. A filtration apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the wash device is provided with an outlet for wash liquid dirtied during the washing and which outlet is adjustable in size for controlling the quantity of wash liquid.
23. A filtration apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the transport pipe is provided with inlets for air adjacent its lower end portion for the transport of the dirtied filter medium up to the wash device, said air being supplied through a channel extending through the wash device and along the transport pipe.
24. A filtration apparatus according to claim 23, including means, arranged above said air inlets, for catching air that escapes into the filter medium.
25. A filtration apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said air catching means also provides means for guiding the filter medium in its flow downwardly into the lower portion of the apparatus.
26. A filtration apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that said air catching means consists of a funnel arranged upside down and having its small end snug against the transport pipe, said funnel being in its small end portion provided with outlet means for supplying the caught air to a discharge channel extending through the filter bed.
27. A filtration apparatus according to claim 26, wherein said discharge channel extends upwardly along the transport pipe and through the wash device.
28. A filtration apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that at least a portion of the apparatus surrounding the filter bed and the zone of filtered liquid phase is built up by plane walls forming a multi-edge form in cross-section and that several said apparatuses are abutting each other joined to an integral group forming a filtration plant in which the walls facing each other in adjacent apparatuses are removed and remaining walls form or along remaining walls is provided a continuous outer wall for the filtration plant.
29. A filtration apparatus according to claim 28, characterized in that a common outlet channel for the liquid phase discharged from the zone of filtered liquid phase is arranged for several adjacent filtration apparatuses.
30. A filtration apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the filtration apparatuses in the group are arranged in at least two rows having said common outlet channel for all filtration apparatuses in each row.
31. A filtration apparatus according to claims 28, 29 or 30, characterized in that a common outlet channel for the dirtied wash liquid obtained during the washing is arranged for several adjacent filtra-tion apparatuses.
32. A filtration apparatus according to claim 30, characterized in that the common outlet channel for the dirtied wash liquid is arranged for all filtration apparatuses in adjacent rows.
33. A filtration apparatus comprising:
(a) a casing for confining a zone of filter medium particles in a lower portion thereof to provide a filter bed and for confining a zone of liquid above the filter bed and which liquid has passed through the filter zone during use of the apparatus;
(b) a first outlet from the upper portion of the casing for discharging filtered liquid, said outlet defining an upper surface of the zone of liquid above the filter bed;
(c) a wash device disposed in the upper portion of the casing and comprising a pipe extending vertically in the liquid zone and having respectively upper and lower open ends;
(d) means for continuously removing filter medium particles from the bottom of the filter bed and transporting the same upwardly therethrough to the upper portion of the casing and discharging the same into the open upper end of the pipe of the wash device;
(e) a second outlet for discharging filtered liquid from said zone of liquid, said second outlet communicating with the open upper end of the pipe of the wash device and being disposed at an elevation lower than said first outlet;
and (f) inlet means for supplying a liquid, to be filtered, to the filter bed at an elevation higher than the position at which the filter medium particles are removed from the filter bed.
(a) a casing for confining a zone of filter medium particles in a lower portion thereof to provide a filter bed and for confining a zone of liquid above the filter bed and which liquid has passed through the filter zone during use of the apparatus;
(b) a first outlet from the upper portion of the casing for discharging filtered liquid, said outlet defining an upper surface of the zone of liquid above the filter bed;
(c) a wash device disposed in the upper portion of the casing and comprising a pipe extending vertically in the liquid zone and having respectively upper and lower open ends;
(d) means for continuously removing filter medium particles from the bottom of the filter bed and transporting the same upwardly therethrough to the upper portion of the casing and discharging the same into the open upper end of the pipe of the wash device;
(e) a second outlet for discharging filtered liquid from said zone of liquid, said second outlet communicating with the open upper end of the pipe of the wash device and being disposed at an elevation lower than said first outlet;
and (f) inlet means for supplying a liquid, to be filtered, to the filter bed at an elevation higher than the position at which the filter medium particles are removed from the filter bed.
34. A filtration apparatus as defined in claim 33 wherein said means for removing the filter medium particles and transporting the same includes a pipe passing through the pipe of the wash device and terminating near the bottom of the filter bed.
35. A filtration apparatus as defined in claim 33 wherein said inlet means includes at least one pipe having an outlet discharging vertically upwardly into the filter bed and means for deflecting filter medium particles moving downwardly away from the outlet of said pipe.
36. A filtration apparatus as defined in claims 33, 34 or 35 wherein a bottom end portion of the lower portion of the casing tapers inwardly and wherein the filter medium particles are removed from said end portion.
37. A filtration apparatus as defined in claims 33, 34 or 35 including at least one perforated plate in and extending across the pipe of the wash device.
38. A filtration apparatus as defined in claims 33, 34 or 35 including at least one deflector below the open bottom end of the pipe of the wash device for spreading washed filter medium particles discharged therefrom.
39. A filtration apparatus comprising:
(a) a casing having outer side walls and a bottom wall providing means to confine a bed of filter medium particles in the lower portion thereof and a liquid in an upper portion thereof;
(b) inlet means for supplying a liquid, to be filtered, to the lower portion of the casing at a position spaced above the bottom wall thereof;
(c) a first outlet in the upper portion of the casing for discharging filtered liquid that has flowed upwardly through a filter bed in the lower portion of the casing;
(d) a first conduit having an inlet thereto adjacent the bottom wall of the casing and an outlet in the upper portion of the casing, said conduit providing a path for transporting filter medium particles from the lower portion of the casing to the upper portion;
(e) a second conduit surrounding in spaced apart relation an upper portion of said first conduit and extending along a portion of the length thereof, said second conduit having a first inlet for receiving filter medium particles discharged from the outlet of the first conduit and a first outlet for discharging the filter medium particles at an elevation higher than the top surface of the filter bed, said first outlet from said second conduit serving as an inlet for liquid that has passed upwardly through the filter bed; and (f) a second outlet from said second conduit adjacent said first inlet thereto for discharging liquid that has flowed upwardly through said second conduit, from the upper portion of the casing, said second outlet being at a lower elevation than the first outlet from the casing.
(a) a casing having outer side walls and a bottom wall providing means to confine a bed of filter medium particles in the lower portion thereof and a liquid in an upper portion thereof;
(b) inlet means for supplying a liquid, to be filtered, to the lower portion of the casing at a position spaced above the bottom wall thereof;
(c) a first outlet in the upper portion of the casing for discharging filtered liquid that has flowed upwardly through a filter bed in the lower portion of the casing;
(d) a first conduit having an inlet thereto adjacent the bottom wall of the casing and an outlet in the upper portion of the casing, said conduit providing a path for transporting filter medium particles from the lower portion of the casing to the upper portion;
(e) a second conduit surrounding in spaced apart relation an upper portion of said first conduit and extending along a portion of the length thereof, said second conduit having a first inlet for receiving filter medium particles discharged from the outlet of the first conduit and a first outlet for discharging the filter medium particles at an elevation higher than the top surface of the filter bed, said first outlet from said second conduit serving as an inlet for liquid that has passed upwardly through the filter bed; and (f) a second outlet from said second conduit adjacent said first inlet thereto for discharging liquid that has flowed upwardly through said second conduit, from the upper portion of the casing, said second outlet being at a lower elevation than the first outlet from the casing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7602999-0 | 1976-03-03 | ||
| SE7602999A SE396552B (en) | 1976-03-03 | 1976-03-03 | PROCEDURE FOR FILTERING A SUSPENSION OR EMULSION AND FILTERING APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1083976A true CA1083976A (en) | 1980-08-19 |
Family
ID=20327223
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,000A Expired CA1083976A (en) | 1976-03-03 | 1977-03-02 | Method and apparatus for the filtration of a suspension or emulsion |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS52111062A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT371362B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU509684B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE852061A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1083976A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH618100A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2708340C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK148525C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI62956C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2342769A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1547497A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1073281B (en) |
| MY (1) | MY8100365A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL179191C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO143301C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE396552B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE429128B (en) * | 1976-11-29 | 1983-08-15 | Nordstjernan Rederi Ab | PROCEDURE FOR SEPARATING POLLUTANTS IN WATER SUSPENSIONS OR EMULSIONS |
| JPS55116411A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-09-08 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Up ward flow type moving bed filter |
| JPS55137012A (en) * | 1979-04-11 | 1980-10-25 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Moving bed type filtering operation |
| JPS55137013A (en) * | 1979-04-13 | 1980-10-25 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Moving bed filtering operation |
| JPS5628617A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-03-20 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Moving bed type filtration method |
| JPS5631417A (en) * | 1979-08-22 | 1981-03-30 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Moving bed type filtering method |
| SE448948B (en) * | 1980-02-26 | 1987-03-30 | Bengt Ake Karl Moller | FLUID FILTERING DEVICE |
| JPS57130590A (en) * | 1981-02-04 | 1982-08-13 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Biological treatment of org. waste water |
| DE3124451C2 (en) * | 1981-06-22 | 1984-10-31 | Hager & Elsässer GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Process for separating finely divided and / or dissolved substances and / or particles from liquids, in particular water |
| SE430126C (en) * | 1981-08-17 | 1987-03-05 | Carex Process Ab | filtering device |
| DE3308287A1 (en) * | 1983-03-09 | 1984-09-13 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FILTERING SOLID-LOADED LIQUIDS |
| JPS6076938U (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-05-29 | 富士通テン株式会社 | magnetic field line sheet |
| HU202124B (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1991-02-28 | Magyar Asvanyolaj Es Foeldgaz | Method and apparatus for continuous filtering fluids on moving granular bed |
| FR2572301B1 (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1989-06-23 | Degremont | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FILTERING A SUSPENSION ON A GRANULAR FILTER LAYER |
| CH686366A5 (en) * | 1992-03-11 | 1996-03-15 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Water purification process. |
| DE4210571C1 (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-09-16 | Dieter 8500 Nuernberg De Hompf | |
| NL9201517A (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-16 | Astraco Beheer Bv | Cleaning device for contaminated liquids with a measuring device. |
| EP1016633A1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-07-05 | Pâques Bio Systems B.V. | Process for the treatment of waste water containing heavy metals |
| DE10152047B4 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2006-03-09 | Washtec Holding Gmbh | Apparatus and method for purifying wastewater |
| WO2011084172A1 (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-14 | Parkson Corporation | Apparatus for treating liquid containing impurities |
| JP5350301B2 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2013-11-27 | 株式会社タクマ | Sand filter |
| JP5763503B2 (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2015-08-12 | 三機工業株式会社 | Moving bed type upflow continuous sand filtration device and operation method thereof |
| JP5869375B2 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2016-02-24 | 日立造船株式会社 | Seawater infiltration device |
| FR3022537B1 (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2016-07-29 | Veolia Water Solutions & Tech | METHOD FOR WATER TREATMENT BY ADSORPTION AND BED FILTRATION OF GRANULAR MATERIAL |
| FR3075780B1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2021-01-08 | Veolia Water Solutions & Tech | WATER TREATMENT PROCESS IN A SEQUENTIAL DISCONTINUOUS REACTOR WITH INJECTION OF ACTIVE CARBON |
| CN110466647B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2024-05-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Dredging robot for leachate grating plate of garbage pool of garbage power plant and working method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE721643C (en) * | 1938-07-21 | 1942-06-12 | Wasserreinigung Und Waermetech | Method and device for operating filter devices with a circuit washing device for the filter material |
| DE1926934C3 (en) * | 1969-05-27 | 1979-08-23 | Nikex Nehezipari Kuelkereskedelmi Vallalat, Budapest | Process for the filtration of liquids and apparatus for carrying out this process |
| GB1443353A (en) * | 1973-08-25 | 1976-07-21 | Hartley Simon Ltd | Filters |
| JPS5292167A (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1977-08-03 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Filtering method |
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1976
- 1976-03-03 SE SE7602999A patent/SE396552B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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1977
- 1977-02-22 CH CH216377A patent/CH618100A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-02-24 AU AU22630/77A patent/AU509684B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-25 DE DE2708340A patent/DE2708340C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-25 AT AT0129077A patent/AT371362B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-02-28 GB GB8302/77A patent/GB1547497A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-01 NO NO770702A patent/NO143301C/en unknown
- 1977-03-02 DK DK090477A patent/DK148525C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-03-02 NL NLAANVRAGE7702245,A patent/NL179191C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-03-02 FR FR7706038A patent/FR2342769A1/en active Granted
- 1977-03-02 IT IT67458/77A patent/IT1073281B/en active
- 1977-03-02 CA CA273,000A patent/CA1083976A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-03 FI FI770684A patent/FI62956C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-03-03 BE BE175455A patent/BE852061A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-03-03 JP JP2327577A patent/JPS52111062A/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-12-30 MY MY365/81A patent/MY8100365A/en unknown
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| GB1547497A (en) | 1979-06-20 |
| FR2342769B1 (en) | 1983-08-26 |
| DK148525C (en) | 1988-12-27 |
| DK90477A (en) | 1977-09-04 |
| FI62956C (en) | 1983-04-11 |
| MY8100365A (en) | 1981-12-31 |
| NO143301C (en) | 1981-01-14 |
| NO770702L (en) | 1977-09-06 |
| DE2708340A1 (en) | 1977-09-08 |
| IT1073281B (en) | 1985-04-13 |
| FI62956B (en) | 1982-12-31 |
| FR2342769A1 (en) | 1977-09-30 |
| NL179191B (en) | 1986-03-03 |
| DE2708340C3 (en) | 1981-11-19 |
| AU2263077A (en) | 1978-08-31 |
| AU509684B2 (en) | 1980-05-22 |
| SE7602999L (en) | 1977-09-04 |
| FI770684A (en) | 1977-09-04 |
| SE396552B (en) | 1977-09-26 |
| JPS52111062A (en) | 1977-09-17 |
| DE2708340B2 (en) | 1981-04-02 |
| CH618100A5 (en) | 1980-07-15 |
| NL7702245A (en) | 1977-09-06 |
| ATA129077A (en) | 1982-11-15 |
| DK148525B (en) | 1985-07-29 |
| NO143301B (en) | 1980-10-06 |
| BE852061A (en) | 1977-07-01 |
| JPS5651808B2 (en) | 1981-12-08 |
| AT371362B (en) | 1983-06-27 |
| NL179191C (en) | 1986-08-01 |
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