CA1062015A - Grinding machine - Google Patents
Grinding machineInfo
- Publication number
- CA1062015A CA1062015A CA271,587A CA271587A CA1062015A CA 1062015 A CA1062015 A CA 1062015A CA 271587 A CA271587 A CA 271587A CA 1062015 A CA1062015 A CA 1062015A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- base structure
- carriage
- grinding wheel
- rotation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A grinding machine for workpieces such as billets or slabs, in which the carriage for the workpieces holds these with the upper surface in an inclined plane, the grinding wheel being mounted on a structure supported by a transversely movable carriage which moves parallel to the inclined plane of the work-piece. The inclination of the workpiece allows the material removed to be flung downwardly and away from the carriage.
A grinding machine for workpieces such as billets or slabs, in which the carriage for the workpieces holds these with the upper surface in an inclined plane, the grinding wheel being mounted on a structure supported by a transversely movable carriage which moves parallel to the inclined plane of the work-piece. The inclination of the workpiece allows the material removed to be flung downwardly and away from the carriage.
Description
~06'~15 This invention relates to a grinding machine of the kind in which steel workpieces in the form of so-called billets or slabs are treated for the removal of surface cracks and `~
scale. The grinding operation can be carried out by continuously grinding the surface showing cracks and/or scale, by spot grinding the cracks, or by a combination of continuous and spot grinding. ;~
A grinding machine of the aforesaid kind removes up to 1000 kg material per hour. The material while being removed -assumes the form of hot-red particles. These particles must not be permitted to spread uncontrolledly over machine parts, because the parts can thereby be subjected to undesirable heating and the material removed can give rise to disturbing interruptions in the workpiece and grinding wheel feed.
It is essential from a safety aspect that the operator be completely protected in the possible event of a -grinding wheel bursting. Therefore, in relation to the opera-tor the grinding wheel must be positioned so that the operator is outside of the zone of danger.
This requirement must be combined with the require-ment that the operator must have a good view over the place of grinding, which is particularly important in spot grinding.
According to the present invention there is provided a grinding machine comprising a transverse carriage, a grinding ~ase structure rotatably supported on said carriage for rotation about an axis, a grinding pendulum hingedly supported on the base structure about a hinge axis which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the base structure, the grinding pendulum including a driven grinding wheel, wherein the transverse carriage is disposed and adjustable in a plane inclined in relation to the horizontal plane and the axis of rotation of .. ~.......................... - 1 -106'~0~5 the base structure is perpendicular to said inclined plane and the rotation of the grinding wheel is such that material removed from a workpiece surface is slung in a direction away from the grinding pendulum and transverse carriage, a workpiece holder being provided to hold the workpiece surface parallel to said inclined plane. -Since the stepped feed of the grinding wheel takes place in an inclined plane, and the workpiece surface being ~-ground lies in a plane parallel to the plane of feed, the operator has a better view over the grinding place and thus can more easily decide when the surface cracks or scale are removed.
The inclined position of the workpiece surface toward the operator also reduces the risk of disturbing light reflection rom the ground surface.
The forward portion of the grinding pendulum preferably is shaped as a burst protection shield, the effect of which is increased substantially by the downward inclination of the ; grinding pendulum relative to the operator. The close dis-tance of the grinding wheel to the operator, to the side of the operator, also contributes to reducing the risk that the operator might be positioned in the particle path in the event of the grinding wheel bursting.
Because of the downward directed grinding beam, a collecting device, possibly in combination with an evacuation device, can be designed with a relatively short extension in height so that the operator is given a clear view over the collecting device.
The invention will be further understood from the following description by way of example of an embodiment thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of a grinding machine with ~ control space, grinding member on a transverse carriage, a ; - 2 -. ..~
.
106Z0~5 : - ~
grinding table and a collecting device, and Fig. 2 is a view from above of the machine according to Fig. 1.
The grinding member of the machine comprises a base structure 2 rotatably supported on a transverse carriage 1 about a hinge pin 3 directed to the grinding wheel centre. The -base structure 2 is provided on its lower surface with rotatably `-supported wheels or rolls, which abut an arc-shaped rail portion 16 rigidly connected to the transverse carriage. The wheels 9 of the transverse carriage 1 run on a pair of straight rail portions 11. Spring-actuated clamping means (not shown) at the base structure 2 embrace the rail portion 16 unless the clamping force from the clamping means is counteracted by a force from a hydraulic device. This arrangement prevents the base structure 2 from turning downward in an uncontrolled manner about the pin 3 when due to a failuré in the hydraulic system of the machine the pressure supply is interrupted. The stepped feed of the transverse carriage is effected by a self-locking worm gear (not shown). The transverse carriage preferably is actuated by a force from a hydraulic device, which force counteracts the effect of gravity on the grinding member and transverse carriage in the feed direction of the transverse carriage 1.
The rotary movement of the base structure 2 and its fixing in relation to the transverse carriage occur in a manner which is substantially as disclosed in Swedish patent specification 401,635.
The base structure 2 supports the drive motor 5 of the grinding wheel 7 which drives the grinding spindle via two transmission belts 6a, 6b.
The co-operation of the grinding pendulum 4 with a gfinding pressure cylinder 8 is substantially as disclosed in ~2 ~o6Z0~5 ~ ``
the above Swedish patent specification 401,635. The cylinder 8 can operate against a pressure compensating for the weight of the grinding spindle. The grinding pressure cylinder 8 preerably is so actuated and located that in spot grinding it lifts the grinding pendulum 4 and grinding wheel 7 only a short distance above the workpiece surface to a position of preparedness. An arrangement for recording the current consump-tion of the drive motor 5 for maintaining a constant grinding effect, as apparent in detail from Swedish patent specification 326,120, can advantageously be utilized in the grinding machine.
A previously known device for sensing the diameter of the grinding wheel, which device controls the speed of the drive motor 5 for maintaining a constant circumferential speed of the grinding wheel, can also be provided in the grinding machine.
It is, of course, also possible to use a drive motor with non-adjustable speed or where change is possiblé only between two speeds. The choice of the drive motor depends on the grinding speeds, between which a satisfactory material removal can be expected, and on the wear resistance of the grinding wheels - 20 being used.
In the embodiment shown, the control space 12 is located in the immediate vicinity of the grinding place and slightly offset laterally relative thereto. Because the grind-ing pendulum 4 is directed downwardly from the base structure 2 and toward the control space 12, the centre of the grinding wheel 7 at times will be located behind the front wall of the co~trol space 12, thereby facilitating the design of the ; control space with respect to necessary protection means against wheel bursting. Furthermore, as a result of the inclined posi-tion of the grinding pendulum 4 its forward portion 4a, which is formed as a burst protection shield, provides a better protec-tive effect compared with the effect of conventional devices, : - 4 -~,, 106~015 although the rotation of the grinding wheel is such, that the material removed is slung in the direction away from the grind-ing wheel and transverse carriage. It is hereby also possible, by means of a protective metal sheet, to screen off the light from the grinding beam in the direction to the control space, thereby rendering it easier for the operator to look over the grinding place and the workpiece surface being ground. `~
In view of the high temperature of the grinding dust, the collecting device 13 preferably is provided with water-cooled sheets in the areas exposed to the influence of thegrinding beam. A pair of collecting receptacles in the form of wheeled carriages 14a, 14b cat~h the material removed. An evacuation device 15 preferably communicates with the collect-ing receptacles and preferably cooperates with a dust separatOr of conventional kind The apertures of the evacuation device 15 toward the grinding wheel, owing to their short distance to the grinding wheel and grinding beam, can be designed with a relatively small area. The evacuation effect, therefore, is very good, and the risk of uncontrolled spread of grinding dust is eliminated to a high degree.
In order to reduce the risk of wheel bursting, the lowering of the grinding wheel to the workpiece 10 preferably occurs at lo~ speed and reduced pressure in the cylinder 8.
., , ., ' ~.
~ .
, i ,~
L', ~- '' ... , .. .. . , , - ,
scale. The grinding operation can be carried out by continuously grinding the surface showing cracks and/or scale, by spot grinding the cracks, or by a combination of continuous and spot grinding. ;~
A grinding machine of the aforesaid kind removes up to 1000 kg material per hour. The material while being removed -assumes the form of hot-red particles. These particles must not be permitted to spread uncontrolledly over machine parts, because the parts can thereby be subjected to undesirable heating and the material removed can give rise to disturbing interruptions in the workpiece and grinding wheel feed.
It is essential from a safety aspect that the operator be completely protected in the possible event of a -grinding wheel bursting. Therefore, in relation to the opera-tor the grinding wheel must be positioned so that the operator is outside of the zone of danger.
This requirement must be combined with the require-ment that the operator must have a good view over the place of grinding, which is particularly important in spot grinding.
According to the present invention there is provided a grinding machine comprising a transverse carriage, a grinding ~ase structure rotatably supported on said carriage for rotation about an axis, a grinding pendulum hingedly supported on the base structure about a hinge axis which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the base structure, the grinding pendulum including a driven grinding wheel, wherein the transverse carriage is disposed and adjustable in a plane inclined in relation to the horizontal plane and the axis of rotation of .. ~.......................... - 1 -106'~0~5 the base structure is perpendicular to said inclined plane and the rotation of the grinding wheel is such that material removed from a workpiece surface is slung in a direction away from the grinding pendulum and transverse carriage, a workpiece holder being provided to hold the workpiece surface parallel to said inclined plane. -Since the stepped feed of the grinding wheel takes place in an inclined plane, and the workpiece surface being ~-ground lies in a plane parallel to the plane of feed, the operator has a better view over the grinding place and thus can more easily decide when the surface cracks or scale are removed.
The inclined position of the workpiece surface toward the operator also reduces the risk of disturbing light reflection rom the ground surface.
The forward portion of the grinding pendulum preferably is shaped as a burst protection shield, the effect of which is increased substantially by the downward inclination of the ; grinding pendulum relative to the operator. The close dis-tance of the grinding wheel to the operator, to the side of the operator, also contributes to reducing the risk that the operator might be positioned in the particle path in the event of the grinding wheel bursting.
Because of the downward directed grinding beam, a collecting device, possibly in combination with an evacuation device, can be designed with a relatively short extension in height so that the operator is given a clear view over the collecting device.
The invention will be further understood from the following description by way of example of an embodiment thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of a grinding machine with ~ control space, grinding member on a transverse carriage, a ; - 2 -. ..~
.
106Z0~5 : - ~
grinding table and a collecting device, and Fig. 2 is a view from above of the machine according to Fig. 1.
The grinding member of the machine comprises a base structure 2 rotatably supported on a transverse carriage 1 about a hinge pin 3 directed to the grinding wheel centre. The -base structure 2 is provided on its lower surface with rotatably `-supported wheels or rolls, which abut an arc-shaped rail portion 16 rigidly connected to the transverse carriage. The wheels 9 of the transverse carriage 1 run on a pair of straight rail portions 11. Spring-actuated clamping means (not shown) at the base structure 2 embrace the rail portion 16 unless the clamping force from the clamping means is counteracted by a force from a hydraulic device. This arrangement prevents the base structure 2 from turning downward in an uncontrolled manner about the pin 3 when due to a failuré in the hydraulic system of the machine the pressure supply is interrupted. The stepped feed of the transverse carriage is effected by a self-locking worm gear (not shown). The transverse carriage preferably is actuated by a force from a hydraulic device, which force counteracts the effect of gravity on the grinding member and transverse carriage in the feed direction of the transverse carriage 1.
The rotary movement of the base structure 2 and its fixing in relation to the transverse carriage occur in a manner which is substantially as disclosed in Swedish patent specification 401,635.
The base structure 2 supports the drive motor 5 of the grinding wheel 7 which drives the grinding spindle via two transmission belts 6a, 6b.
The co-operation of the grinding pendulum 4 with a gfinding pressure cylinder 8 is substantially as disclosed in ~2 ~o6Z0~5 ~ ``
the above Swedish patent specification 401,635. The cylinder 8 can operate against a pressure compensating for the weight of the grinding spindle. The grinding pressure cylinder 8 preerably is so actuated and located that in spot grinding it lifts the grinding pendulum 4 and grinding wheel 7 only a short distance above the workpiece surface to a position of preparedness. An arrangement for recording the current consump-tion of the drive motor 5 for maintaining a constant grinding effect, as apparent in detail from Swedish patent specification 326,120, can advantageously be utilized in the grinding machine.
A previously known device for sensing the diameter of the grinding wheel, which device controls the speed of the drive motor 5 for maintaining a constant circumferential speed of the grinding wheel, can also be provided in the grinding machine.
It is, of course, also possible to use a drive motor with non-adjustable speed or where change is possiblé only between two speeds. The choice of the drive motor depends on the grinding speeds, between which a satisfactory material removal can be expected, and on the wear resistance of the grinding wheels - 20 being used.
In the embodiment shown, the control space 12 is located in the immediate vicinity of the grinding place and slightly offset laterally relative thereto. Because the grind-ing pendulum 4 is directed downwardly from the base structure 2 and toward the control space 12, the centre of the grinding wheel 7 at times will be located behind the front wall of the co~trol space 12, thereby facilitating the design of the ; control space with respect to necessary protection means against wheel bursting. Furthermore, as a result of the inclined posi-tion of the grinding pendulum 4 its forward portion 4a, which is formed as a burst protection shield, provides a better protec-tive effect compared with the effect of conventional devices, : - 4 -~,, 106~015 although the rotation of the grinding wheel is such, that the material removed is slung in the direction away from the grind-ing wheel and transverse carriage. It is hereby also possible, by means of a protective metal sheet, to screen off the light from the grinding beam in the direction to the control space, thereby rendering it easier for the operator to look over the grinding place and the workpiece surface being ground. `~
In view of the high temperature of the grinding dust, the collecting device 13 preferably is provided with water-cooled sheets in the areas exposed to the influence of thegrinding beam. A pair of collecting receptacles in the form of wheeled carriages 14a, 14b cat~h the material removed. An evacuation device 15 preferably communicates with the collect-ing receptacles and preferably cooperates with a dust separatOr of conventional kind The apertures of the evacuation device 15 toward the grinding wheel, owing to their short distance to the grinding wheel and grinding beam, can be designed with a relatively small area. The evacuation effect, therefore, is very good, and the risk of uncontrolled spread of grinding dust is eliminated to a high degree.
In order to reduce the risk of wheel bursting, the lowering of the grinding wheel to the workpiece 10 preferably occurs at lo~ speed and reduced pressure in the cylinder 8.
., , ., ' ~.
~ .
, i ,~
L', ~- '' ... , .. .. . , , - ,
Claims (2)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A grinding machine comprising a transverse carriage, a grinding base structure rotatably supported on said carriage for rotation about an axis, a grinding pendulum hingedly supported on the base structure about a hinge axis which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the base structure, the grinding pendulum including a driven grinding wheel, wherein the transverse carriage is disposed and adjust-able in a plane inclined in relation to the horizontal plane and the axis of rotation of the base structure is perpendicular to said inclined plane and the rotation of the grinding wheel is such that material removed from a workpiece surface is slung in a direction away from the grinding pendulum and transverse carriage, a workpiece holder being provided to hold the work-piece surface parallel to said inclined plane.
2. A grinding machine according to claim 1 wherein a grinding dust collector is provided below the grinding wheel.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7601634A SE7601634L (en) | 1976-02-13 | 1976-02-13 | GRINDING MACHINE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1062015A true CA1062015A (en) | 1979-09-11 |
Family
ID=20326995
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA271,587A Expired CA1062015A (en) | 1976-02-13 | 1977-02-11 | Grinding machine |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS52112888A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1062015A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2705738A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1530983A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1072657B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7601634L (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104759956A (en) * | 2015-04-11 | 2015-07-08 | 王民生 | Full-automatic intelligent plane polishing machine |
-
1976
- 1976-02-13 SE SE7601634A patent/SE7601634L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1977
- 1977-02-10 JP JP1401677A patent/JPS52112888A/en active Pending
- 1977-02-11 CA CA271,587A patent/CA1062015A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-11 DE DE19772705738 patent/DE2705738A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-02-11 IT IT6731677A patent/IT1072657B/en active
- 1977-02-14 GB GB604077A patent/GB1530983A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1072657B (en) | 1985-04-10 |
| SE7601634L (en) | 1977-08-14 |
| JPS52112888A (en) | 1977-09-21 |
| DE2705738A1 (en) | 1977-08-18 |
| GB1530983A (en) | 1978-11-01 |
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