CA1041402A - Liquid supply system and nozzle for jet weaving looms - Google Patents
Liquid supply system and nozzle for jet weaving loomsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1041402A CA1041402A CA228,830A CA228830A CA1041402A CA 1041402 A CA1041402 A CA 1041402A CA 228830 A CA228830 A CA 228830A CA 1041402 A CA1041402 A CA 1041402A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- bore
- liquid
- needle
- passage
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A liquid supply system and a nozzle construction for a jet weaving loom. The nozzle is supplied directly from a public water works at the normal pressure of said water works. The exact amount of water required to propel the weft yarn across the open harness shed of the loom is obtained by a solenoid valve series-connected to the water supply adjacent the nozzle and controlled by an electric pulsator which is adjustable to open the valve for the required time in accordance with the width of the weaving and the type of weft yarn, Synchronization of the operation of the nozzle with the harness motion is obtained by a switch controlling the pulsator and directly operated by a cam connected to a shaf of the main movement of the weaving loom. The nozzle structure comprises only two parts: namely, a bored body having a main cylindrical bore portion followed by a tapered frusto-conical bore portion, in turn followed by a cylindrical terminal outlet bore portion find a needle axially adjustable within the body bore, defining an annular space with the latter and having a slightly tapered terminal end fitted within the outlet bore portion of the body. The needle has an axial passage for the yarn, The water is admitted laterally within the body directly into the annular space. The nozzle is able to propel the yarn at a considerable distance with a minimum quantity of liquid and at a low liquid pressure. There is minimum deviation and dispersion of the liquid jet across the harness shed.
A liquid supply system and a nozzle construction for a jet weaving loom. The nozzle is supplied directly from a public water works at the normal pressure of said water works. The exact amount of water required to propel the weft yarn across the open harness shed of the loom is obtained by a solenoid valve series-connected to the water supply adjacent the nozzle and controlled by an electric pulsator which is adjustable to open the valve for the required time in accordance with the width of the weaving and the type of weft yarn, Synchronization of the operation of the nozzle with the harness motion is obtained by a switch controlling the pulsator and directly operated by a cam connected to a shaf of the main movement of the weaving loom. The nozzle structure comprises only two parts: namely, a bored body having a main cylindrical bore portion followed by a tapered frusto-conical bore portion, in turn followed by a cylindrical terminal outlet bore portion find a needle axially adjustable within the body bore, defining an annular space with the latter and having a slightly tapered terminal end fitted within the outlet bore portion of the body. The needle has an axial passage for the yarn, The water is admitted laterally within the body directly into the annular space. The nozzle is able to propel the yarn at a considerable distance with a minimum quantity of liquid and at a low liquid pressure. There is minimum deviation and dispersion of the liquid jet across the harness shed.
Description
~o~ z The present invention reIates to jet looms and, more particularly, to the liquid supply system and to the nozzle structure of such a jet loom.
In known liquid jet loom constructions, the nozzle for launching the thread is supplied with liquid at relatively high pressure, for instance at approximateIy 125 pounds per square inch and, therefore, cannot use the public works water supply, which is normally at a much lower pressure, for instance in the range of 40 to 60 pounds per square inch. Therefore, theseaonventional jet weaving looms require a complicated and highly precise liquid supply pump which not only must supply the liquid at the required pressure, but also in a highly preci~e amount and in exact synchronism with the mechanical movement of the loom. Normallyl this pump is associated with a water reservoir and a float to maintain the liquid level constant at the intake of the pump.
This pumping system requiresconstant maintenance and is subject to frequent breakdown, resulting in lost loom productivity.
It is the general object of the invention to provide a nozzle and a liquid supply system for jet weaving looms which will overcome the above-noted disadvantages.
A more~specific object of the invention~is to provide a~nozzle for~jet weaving looms, whlch operates at relatively low pressure; which requires a minimum quantity of liquid to propel the filling across the harness shed; which propels the filling at a great distance~whereby it is suitable for use wlth looms of at 1east 6' width;; and which produces a liquid ~et of minimum deviation and dispersion during its travel aoross the ~: 30 loom.
Another object of the present invention is to provide, in combination with the aforementioned nozzle, a low pressure J \ ~ 2 ~L04~9LQ;Z
liquid supply system operable at the normal pressure of a public wa-ter supply and including a remote-controlled valve operated by .
a pulse of adjustable and precise duration, whereby the conventional pump and associated liquid supply system are eliminated.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a nozzle suitable for use in a jet weaving loom, the nozzIe comprising a weft yarn passage and an annular liquid passage coaxial with said wet yarn passage, a liquid outlet surrounding the weft yarn passage, said liquid passage having a liquid inlet communicating with a cylindrical chamber, a first conical forwardly tapering portion in communication with said cylindrical chamber, and .
a second conical forwardly tapering portion in communication with said first tapering portion. .:
! In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided, in a jet weaving .
loom, the improvement comprising a no2æle ~or propelling a weft yarn across the open shed of warp yarns, said nozzle comprising a body having a through bore, a needle inserted ;
in said through bore and having an axial yarn passage, said body through bore defining~a main cylindrical portion preceded by a forwardly tapering frusto-conical portion, in turn preceded ~ . :
: by an outlet ~lyindrical portion of restricted diameter, all : said three portions mèrglng with one.another, aaid needle defining a main cylindrical portion preceded by a forwardly : tapering frusto-conical portion, in turn preceded by a :;
slightly forwardly tapered terminal portion, the needle being coaxial with the body through bore and defining an annular ~: : : :
~ 30 liquid passage:therewith; means to adjustably position said .: needle axially of said through bore, said body having a 3 liquid inlet in communication with said liquid passage at :1 :
~ 3 ~0414QZ
said main cylindrical portion of said through bore.
The foregoing and other objects of the invention will become more apparent during the followinq disclosure and by referring to the drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a general perspective view showing part ' of a jet weaving loom fitted with the nozzle and associated liquid supply o the invention and showing also the weft yarn measuring system and the yarn storage'system;
FIGURE 2 is a diagram of the liquid supply system to the nozzIe with the electrical controls thereEor;
FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of the nozzle per se;
FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal section of the nozzle taken , ~ along line 4-4 o Figure:3; i :;~
FIGURE~5 is a partial longitudinal section of~ the :: . .
illing storage device; and FIGURE 6 is a cross-section along line 6~6 o Figure 5.
In the drawings, like~re~erence characters indicate like elements throughout.
The weft yarn 1 rom a supply~package 2 is~tralned ~
on guide pulleys 3,:4 and:then into a measuring drum 5 and :.
pulley~6, the~drum 5 being~op~erated by the~loom~drive at a speed~::'ad~justed~to~supply~yarn~1 in~,~a continu:ous manner at the' rate~re~quired~for~,the pick~mot1on.;~The yarn;l is then temporar~ily~detained ln a~storage device 8 between:each~ ~ :
opèration of a~we~t yarn propelling noz~zle~7. Nozzle 7 :throws~;a fil11ng~between the warp:yarns 9,:operated by the ~:
con~entional,harnesses 27.~
3a~ Nozzle~7 is illus~rated in Figure:s'3 and~4~. It includes a:generally cylindrical body lO having an axial bore ;~
defining from back to front a threaded portion 11, a main cylindrical bore portion 12, a frusto-conical portion 13 tapering from main cylindrical portion 12 and a terminal .
cylindrical bore portion 14, of reduced diameter, merging -with the small base end of the frusto-conical bore portion 13. The terminal portion 14 opens within a cylindrical, enlarged mouth 15. As an example, frusto-conical portion 13 makes an angle of between 18 and 22 with the axis of ...
the bore of the body, and preferably 20.
In this example, the length of the terminal cylindrical bore portion 14 is a minimum of 1" and a maximum .
o~ 3/8".
A threaded liquid inlet.16 opens lateral-ly within . .
main cylindrical.po~tion 12. . :
The nozzle further includes a needle 17 adjustably screwed within the bore body 10. Needle 17 has an axial through bore 18 for the passage of the weft yarn from back : to-front in accordance with arrows 19. The inlet end of-the yarn passage 18 is flared,-as shown at 20,-to minimize friction on the yarn.
The needle includes a main body 21 having external threads for engaging.with body threads 11. Said main port1on has a rear flange 22 for manu~ally adjustlny~the ~ :~
axial position of the needle 17 in body 10.
: :
: The main portion 21 is followed by a main : ~ : cylindrical portion 23 opposite main bore portion 12 to .
define~therewith~an annular cylindrical space 24.
Needle cylindrical portion 23 extends forward1y opposite frusto-conical body portion 13 and merges w:ith :; 30 : :a needle frusto-conical portion ~5 taperi~g forwardly to ~0~1402 :
be preceded by a needle terminal 26, which extends opposite body bore portion 14 and protrudes within the mouth 15.
Needle terminal portion 26 is slightly tapered forwardly, the taper being about 4.
The annular space between needle portion 26 and body bore portion 14 is between 4 and 8 mils in width. The frusto-conical portion 25 of the needle tapers at a slightly smaller angle than the rusto-conical portion 13 of the body, so as to define an annular converging passage decreasing in width slightly in the forward direction.
It will be understood that by adjusting the axial position of the needle, the annular passage between:frusto-conical portions 13 and 25 will dearease or increase in : width accordingly, thus making an adjustment of the flow of -fluid for a given fluid pressure.
It is noted that the nozzle defines at least a two-stage taper, namely needle surfaces 25 and 26 and :~ cooperating body bore surfaces 13 and 14 for the forma- ~:
tion of the liquid jet having maximum energy content for 20 ~ a given liquid supply pressure. Yet the nozzle is simple . : :
1:~ . ~: : ..
.. ~ :
, and inexpen~sive t~ manuf~cture ~ ~ 4 ~ 4 ~ ~ -Practical o~eration of this nozzle has shown that a weft ~ :
thread can be sflectively ~ropelled a distance of u? to 72'2 through the sh~d Or arrayed warp yarn in a shuttleless loom with a liquid supply ~-pressure of about ~5 pounds and a qllantity of water o~ less than 3 centi~eter cube ejected up to a ~aximum of 50 milliseconds, the yarn ~ : .
used being a 150 deni~rs acetate yarn. This comnares with convsntional jets in which a li~uid pressure o~ 125 pounds per square inch is used and 8 minimum quantity o~ 4 to 6 centi~eter cube of water is necessary ~ ... `
to propel the yarn the above-noted distance.
Referring to ~izure 1, the inlet 16 of the nozzle 7 .. -is directly connected to the outlet of an adjacent remote-controlled valve, for instance an electro-magnetic vatve, indi.cated at 30, this valve bei.ng of conventional ty~e and being electrlca~ly connected (see also ~lgure 2) to the output o~ an electrlc pulsator 32 which is arranged to ~rot.~uce an electric pulse to operate electro valve 30 for an adjust-able duration of, say, between 0 and 50 milliseconds, the dllration being controlled by a knob 33.
The input of the pulsator 32 is controlled either by a manual button switch 31 or by a micro switch 33, the lever 34 of which .
rides on a cam 35 directly connected to a rotatable shaft 35' of the 1oom9 so that the switch 33 will open and close in synchronism with the .:
beating or harness motion Or the loom. Thus, each time the shed of .
the warp yarns i9 open, the electric circuit to the pulsator is closed and the latter opens the electro valve 30 for the adjusted number of milllseconds, so that the liquid jet will propel the ~arn fro.~ the passa.~e 18 of the needle 17. . : :
The eleotric oulsator is preferably provided ~ith 8 ; variable time delay circuit adjustablè bJ a manual knob 33'. This delay ; - I
~ 30 ` ~ system retards in an adjustable manner the~time th= electric pulse or i signal is sent to~electro-magnetic valve 30 from the time cam-operated :
:: switch 33 is closed. Thus, one can finely control the synchronization ; of the nozzle operation with the harness motion and the be~ting motion. . :~
- 5 - . :
Instead of a cam-operated switch 33, one could use any other transducer such as a photocell responsive to a light beam reflected off a surface portion of the loo~ shaft 35' or magnetic transducer responsive to the rot~tion of loom shaft 35'. Thus, wear of ~echanical ..
parts is eliminated.
The electro-magnetic valve 30 can be reDlaced b~ a nneumatic valve and the pulsator 32 reDlaced by a Dulsator which is electrically operated to generate a signal in the form of a Dulse of ~ressurized gas to actuate the ~neumatic valve.
The li~uid jet issuing fro~ the nozzle is tuhular in form and adheres to the weft yarn, to effectively proDel the same.
The w~ter supply for the inlet o~ the valve 30 i8 indica-ted in Figure 2 by a pip9 26, which i9 series-connected with a bleedin~ valva 37 to remo~e the air in the water, in turn preceded by an accumulator 30, of known ty:a3, to eliminate water hammer, in turn preceded by a ~.
liquid pressure regulating valve 39~ in turn preceded by a liquid filter 40 and a shut-off valve 41, the inlet of which can be connected ` :.
to the regular public works water supply. Obviously, valve 30 can be :.: :: .
connected to any other suitable low pressure liquid supply~ :....... ..
Before the weft yarn 1 enters the nozzle 7 and u~on leaving the constant speed measuring drum 57 it is detained or stored ln a storage tube 8. This storage tube is sh~wn in Figures 1, 5, and 6. Each stora~e tube comnrises a hsad member consisting of blocks 42 and ~7. ;.
. Blook 42 ls secursd to the frame 43 of the machine. Block 42 has a yarn . .~.:
passage 44, shown in Figure 5, with a restricted outlet opening 45 in .
substantial alig~ment with the yarn passage 18 of the no~zle 7, the latter :.
being also mounted together with the solenoid valve 30 on the loom frame .-.
' ~:' 43. ~ ''' '' ' ; ~ The rear end of block 42 is inserted within an eccentric - :
3i ~ 30 :bore 46 of cyllndrioal block member 7, which is thus supported by block . ; .::
42 and in turn supports in cantilevered manner an elongated chamber or tube 48 telescopically fitted about block 47 and retained thereon by a collar 49. ;~
6 - : :
Tube 48 is open at its outer end 50 and can be made of transparent plastic material to enable viewing of the weft yArn 1 therein. .
...... .
Block 47 has an inlet passage 51 offset from bore 46 and generally parallel thereto, said ~assage being generally cylindrical, exce~t for a transversel~ flat surface 52, which def;nes, longitudinally of the inlet passag~, an u~wardly inclined portion 53, followed by a downwardly inclined ~ortion 54, the two portions merging in a smooth - .`~
manner by means of an intermediate conve~ portion 55.
A disc 56 is inserted within tube ~8 and applied against the inside face of block 47. This diYc 56 has circular openings 57 and 58 in register with the inlet passage 51 and with the block passage 44, respectively.
An elbow nip~le 59 is threaded wlthin block 47 at the outer face thereof and its outlet passage 60 is parallel to blook passage 40 and is directed against the uowardly inclined portion 53 and the convex portion 55 of the surface 52 of the inlet passage 51.
The inlet 61 of elbow 59 is connected to a supply of com- ¦
.:: . .. .
pressed air by tubing 62 (see Fig. l). A small diameter tube 63 extends : .:
: within the outlet passage 60 of elbow 59,being concentric therewith, said small tube extending through the wall of the elbow 59. Tube 48 has an air inlet o~ening 67 adjacent block 47.
Weft yarn l coming from the measuring drum 5 moves through .:
a guiding egelot 64 aligned with small tube 63 and then passes through said tube 63 into inlet passage 51~ through disc opening 57 and then freely into the main tube 43. The yarn malces a ~loatin~ loop in the tube 48 and returns through disc o~ening 58; block psssa~e 44; restricted block outlet 45 to enter the nozzle 7. An electrically-operated gripper ~ :~
l~ 65 is mounted at the outlet of block 42 in register with outlet 45 o~
3~ ~ said block. `-:
I 30: Compressed air issuing as an annulus fro~ elbow 60 sur-: .. ....
: ~ rounds ~arn l and positively propels the latter into the inlet passage ~;:
51. The air im~ediately hits the upwardly inclined surfac~ Portion 53 :;
j and is thus im~diately directed against the opposite surface of the inlet passage 51, as inrli~ated by arrows 66, The air is thus diverted ~:~ : 7 ~o~
away from yarn. The co~Dressed air then enters the tu~e 48 and there is produced a slow moving air current in tube 48 directed towards the open end 507 where the air freely escapes. This air current sucks in fresh air through air opening 67. This slow-m~vi~g air current~ together with su~plemental air enterin~ through opening 67, is sufficient to keep the thread 1 freely floating in the tube 40 without touching the wall of the latter. Air opening 67 also prevents the production of negative gas pressure at the entr~nce o~ block passage ~4.
Because the high velocity pressurized air issuin2 from nipple 59 is immediately diverted upwardly by the upwardly inclined surface portion 53, this high velocity air is in contact with the yarn 1 ovsr a very restricted length of the latter~ whereby the air cannot in any way damage the yarn 1. Damage would result :Lf the air under high velocity was allowed to be in contact with the yarn over a substantial length thereo~.
The yarn wLthin tube 48 has been found to float freely without yarn entanglement. The yarn is freely fed to the noz~le 7 upon operation of the same. Once the required length of a yarn has been ~ropelled by the nozzle, the electrically-operated gripper 64 -operates to grip the yarn at the block outlet 45. The gripper releases the yarn after stopping of the nozzle operation.
Referrin~ to Fi~ure 1, hand lever 58 is conventional and serves to start and stop the loom.
The no3zle system of the inventlon c~n be manually operated for testing the loom: a knob 69 on the measuring drum 5 is pulled to declutch the latter and the drum is manually rotated to the required ~ ~
len~th as seen in tube 48. Then pulsator 32 is manually actuated by -~ush button switch 31 to produce one pulse and effect one filling.
It ia known that the yarns used in weaving are coated with chemicals and~or olly substances which cause a build-up on the . .
~- ~ inner surfaces of the stora~e tube if the yarn is allowed to touch the lattar~ This happena in conventional vacuum operated storage tubes, because of their s~all cross-sectional size necessitated by the use ~ ~ ." ~''; :~, . -::
In known liquid jet loom constructions, the nozzle for launching the thread is supplied with liquid at relatively high pressure, for instance at approximateIy 125 pounds per square inch and, therefore, cannot use the public works water supply, which is normally at a much lower pressure, for instance in the range of 40 to 60 pounds per square inch. Therefore, theseaonventional jet weaving looms require a complicated and highly precise liquid supply pump which not only must supply the liquid at the required pressure, but also in a highly preci~e amount and in exact synchronism with the mechanical movement of the loom. Normallyl this pump is associated with a water reservoir and a float to maintain the liquid level constant at the intake of the pump.
This pumping system requiresconstant maintenance and is subject to frequent breakdown, resulting in lost loom productivity.
It is the general object of the invention to provide a nozzle and a liquid supply system for jet weaving looms which will overcome the above-noted disadvantages.
A more~specific object of the invention~is to provide a~nozzle for~jet weaving looms, whlch operates at relatively low pressure; which requires a minimum quantity of liquid to propel the filling across the harness shed; which propels the filling at a great distance~whereby it is suitable for use wlth looms of at 1east 6' width;; and which produces a liquid ~et of minimum deviation and dispersion during its travel aoross the ~: 30 loom.
Another object of the present invention is to provide, in combination with the aforementioned nozzle, a low pressure J \ ~ 2 ~L04~9LQ;Z
liquid supply system operable at the normal pressure of a public wa-ter supply and including a remote-controlled valve operated by .
a pulse of adjustable and precise duration, whereby the conventional pump and associated liquid supply system are eliminated.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a nozzle suitable for use in a jet weaving loom, the nozzIe comprising a weft yarn passage and an annular liquid passage coaxial with said wet yarn passage, a liquid outlet surrounding the weft yarn passage, said liquid passage having a liquid inlet communicating with a cylindrical chamber, a first conical forwardly tapering portion in communication with said cylindrical chamber, and .
a second conical forwardly tapering portion in communication with said first tapering portion. .:
! In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided, in a jet weaving .
loom, the improvement comprising a no2æle ~or propelling a weft yarn across the open shed of warp yarns, said nozzle comprising a body having a through bore, a needle inserted ;
in said through bore and having an axial yarn passage, said body through bore defining~a main cylindrical portion preceded by a forwardly tapering frusto-conical portion, in turn preceded ~ . :
: by an outlet ~lyindrical portion of restricted diameter, all : said three portions mèrglng with one.another, aaid needle defining a main cylindrical portion preceded by a forwardly : tapering frusto-conical portion, in turn preceded by a :;
slightly forwardly tapered terminal portion, the needle being coaxial with the body through bore and defining an annular ~: : : :
~ 30 liquid passage:therewith; means to adjustably position said .: needle axially of said through bore, said body having a 3 liquid inlet in communication with said liquid passage at :1 :
~ 3 ~0414QZ
said main cylindrical portion of said through bore.
The foregoing and other objects of the invention will become more apparent during the followinq disclosure and by referring to the drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a general perspective view showing part ' of a jet weaving loom fitted with the nozzle and associated liquid supply o the invention and showing also the weft yarn measuring system and the yarn storage'system;
FIGURE 2 is a diagram of the liquid supply system to the nozzIe with the electrical controls thereEor;
FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of the nozzle per se;
FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal section of the nozzle taken , ~ along line 4-4 o Figure:3; i :;~
FIGURE~5 is a partial longitudinal section of~ the :: . .
illing storage device; and FIGURE 6 is a cross-section along line 6~6 o Figure 5.
In the drawings, like~re~erence characters indicate like elements throughout.
The weft yarn 1 rom a supply~package 2 is~tralned ~
on guide pulleys 3,:4 and:then into a measuring drum 5 and :.
pulley~6, the~drum 5 being~op~erated by the~loom~drive at a speed~::'ad~justed~to~supply~yarn~1 in~,~a continu:ous manner at the' rate~re~quired~for~,the pick~mot1on.;~The yarn;l is then temporar~ily~detained ln a~storage device 8 between:each~ ~ :
opèration of a~we~t yarn propelling noz~zle~7. Nozzle 7 :throws~;a fil11ng~between the warp:yarns 9,:operated by the ~:
con~entional,harnesses 27.~
3a~ Nozzle~7 is illus~rated in Figure:s'3 and~4~. It includes a:generally cylindrical body lO having an axial bore ;~
defining from back to front a threaded portion 11, a main cylindrical bore portion 12, a frusto-conical portion 13 tapering from main cylindrical portion 12 and a terminal .
cylindrical bore portion 14, of reduced diameter, merging -with the small base end of the frusto-conical bore portion 13. The terminal portion 14 opens within a cylindrical, enlarged mouth 15. As an example, frusto-conical portion 13 makes an angle of between 18 and 22 with the axis of ...
the bore of the body, and preferably 20.
In this example, the length of the terminal cylindrical bore portion 14 is a minimum of 1" and a maximum .
o~ 3/8".
A threaded liquid inlet.16 opens lateral-ly within . .
main cylindrical.po~tion 12. . :
The nozzle further includes a needle 17 adjustably screwed within the bore body 10. Needle 17 has an axial through bore 18 for the passage of the weft yarn from back : to-front in accordance with arrows 19. The inlet end of-the yarn passage 18 is flared,-as shown at 20,-to minimize friction on the yarn.
The needle includes a main body 21 having external threads for engaging.with body threads 11. Said main port1on has a rear flange 22 for manu~ally adjustlny~the ~ :~
axial position of the needle 17 in body 10.
: :
: The main portion 21 is followed by a main : ~ : cylindrical portion 23 opposite main bore portion 12 to .
define~therewith~an annular cylindrical space 24.
Needle cylindrical portion 23 extends forward1y opposite frusto-conical body portion 13 and merges w:ith :; 30 : :a needle frusto-conical portion ~5 taperi~g forwardly to ~0~1402 :
be preceded by a needle terminal 26, which extends opposite body bore portion 14 and protrudes within the mouth 15.
Needle terminal portion 26 is slightly tapered forwardly, the taper being about 4.
The annular space between needle portion 26 and body bore portion 14 is between 4 and 8 mils in width. The frusto-conical portion 25 of the needle tapers at a slightly smaller angle than the rusto-conical portion 13 of the body, so as to define an annular converging passage decreasing in width slightly in the forward direction.
It will be understood that by adjusting the axial position of the needle, the annular passage between:frusto-conical portions 13 and 25 will dearease or increase in : width accordingly, thus making an adjustment of the flow of -fluid for a given fluid pressure.
It is noted that the nozzle defines at least a two-stage taper, namely needle surfaces 25 and 26 and :~ cooperating body bore surfaces 13 and 14 for the forma- ~:
tion of the liquid jet having maximum energy content for 20 ~ a given liquid supply pressure. Yet the nozzle is simple . : :
1:~ . ~: : ..
.. ~ :
, and inexpen~sive t~ manuf~cture ~ ~ 4 ~ 4 ~ ~ -Practical o~eration of this nozzle has shown that a weft ~ :
thread can be sflectively ~ropelled a distance of u? to 72'2 through the sh~d Or arrayed warp yarn in a shuttleless loom with a liquid supply ~-pressure of about ~5 pounds and a qllantity of water o~ less than 3 centi~eter cube ejected up to a ~aximum of 50 milliseconds, the yarn ~ : .
used being a 150 deni~rs acetate yarn. This comnares with convsntional jets in which a li~uid pressure o~ 125 pounds per square inch is used and 8 minimum quantity o~ 4 to 6 centi~eter cube of water is necessary ~ ... `
to propel the yarn the above-noted distance.
Referring to ~izure 1, the inlet 16 of the nozzle 7 .. -is directly connected to the outlet of an adjacent remote-controlled valve, for instance an electro-magnetic vatve, indi.cated at 30, this valve bei.ng of conventional ty~e and being electrlca~ly connected (see also ~lgure 2) to the output o~ an electrlc pulsator 32 which is arranged to ~rot.~uce an electric pulse to operate electro valve 30 for an adjust-able duration of, say, between 0 and 50 milliseconds, the dllration being controlled by a knob 33.
The input of the pulsator 32 is controlled either by a manual button switch 31 or by a micro switch 33, the lever 34 of which .
rides on a cam 35 directly connected to a rotatable shaft 35' of the 1oom9 so that the switch 33 will open and close in synchronism with the .:
beating or harness motion Or the loom. Thus, each time the shed of .
the warp yarns i9 open, the electric circuit to the pulsator is closed and the latter opens the electro valve 30 for the adjusted number of milllseconds, so that the liquid jet will propel the ~arn fro.~ the passa.~e 18 of the needle 17. . : :
The eleotric oulsator is preferably provided ~ith 8 ; variable time delay circuit adjustablè bJ a manual knob 33'. This delay ; - I
~ 30 ` ~ system retards in an adjustable manner the~time th= electric pulse or i signal is sent to~electro-magnetic valve 30 from the time cam-operated :
:: switch 33 is closed. Thus, one can finely control the synchronization ; of the nozzle operation with the harness motion and the be~ting motion. . :~
- 5 - . :
Instead of a cam-operated switch 33, one could use any other transducer such as a photocell responsive to a light beam reflected off a surface portion of the loo~ shaft 35' or magnetic transducer responsive to the rot~tion of loom shaft 35'. Thus, wear of ~echanical ..
parts is eliminated.
The electro-magnetic valve 30 can be reDlaced b~ a nneumatic valve and the pulsator 32 reDlaced by a Dulsator which is electrically operated to generate a signal in the form of a Dulse of ~ressurized gas to actuate the ~neumatic valve.
The li~uid jet issuing fro~ the nozzle is tuhular in form and adheres to the weft yarn, to effectively proDel the same.
The w~ter supply for the inlet o~ the valve 30 i8 indica-ted in Figure 2 by a pip9 26, which i9 series-connected with a bleedin~ valva 37 to remo~e the air in the water, in turn preceded by an accumulator 30, of known ty:a3, to eliminate water hammer, in turn preceded by a ~.
liquid pressure regulating valve 39~ in turn preceded by a liquid filter 40 and a shut-off valve 41, the inlet of which can be connected ` :.
to the regular public works water supply. Obviously, valve 30 can be :.: :: .
connected to any other suitable low pressure liquid supply~ :....... ..
Before the weft yarn 1 enters the nozzle 7 and u~on leaving the constant speed measuring drum 57 it is detained or stored ln a storage tube 8. This storage tube is sh~wn in Figures 1, 5, and 6. Each stora~e tube comnrises a hsad member consisting of blocks 42 and ~7. ;.
. Blook 42 ls secursd to the frame 43 of the machine. Block 42 has a yarn . .~.:
passage 44, shown in Figure 5, with a restricted outlet opening 45 in .
substantial alig~ment with the yarn passage 18 of the no~zle 7, the latter :.
being also mounted together with the solenoid valve 30 on the loom frame .-.
' ~:' 43. ~ ''' '' ' ; ~ The rear end of block 42 is inserted within an eccentric - :
3i ~ 30 :bore 46 of cyllndrioal block member 7, which is thus supported by block . ; .::
42 and in turn supports in cantilevered manner an elongated chamber or tube 48 telescopically fitted about block 47 and retained thereon by a collar 49. ;~
6 - : :
Tube 48 is open at its outer end 50 and can be made of transparent plastic material to enable viewing of the weft yArn 1 therein. .
...... .
Block 47 has an inlet passage 51 offset from bore 46 and generally parallel thereto, said ~assage being generally cylindrical, exce~t for a transversel~ flat surface 52, which def;nes, longitudinally of the inlet passag~, an u~wardly inclined portion 53, followed by a downwardly inclined ~ortion 54, the two portions merging in a smooth - .`~
manner by means of an intermediate conve~ portion 55.
A disc 56 is inserted within tube ~8 and applied against the inside face of block 47. This diYc 56 has circular openings 57 and 58 in register with the inlet passage 51 and with the block passage 44, respectively.
An elbow nip~le 59 is threaded wlthin block 47 at the outer face thereof and its outlet passage 60 is parallel to blook passage 40 and is directed against the uowardly inclined portion 53 and the convex portion 55 of the surface 52 of the inlet passage 51.
The inlet 61 of elbow 59 is connected to a supply of com- ¦
.:: . .. .
pressed air by tubing 62 (see Fig. l). A small diameter tube 63 extends : .:
: within the outlet passage 60 of elbow 59,being concentric therewith, said small tube extending through the wall of the elbow 59. Tube 48 has an air inlet o~ening 67 adjacent block 47.
Weft yarn l coming from the measuring drum 5 moves through .:
a guiding egelot 64 aligned with small tube 63 and then passes through said tube 63 into inlet passage 51~ through disc opening 57 and then freely into the main tube 43. The yarn malces a ~loatin~ loop in the tube 48 and returns through disc o~ening 58; block psssa~e 44; restricted block outlet 45 to enter the nozzle 7. An electrically-operated gripper ~ :~
l~ 65 is mounted at the outlet of block 42 in register with outlet 45 o~
3~ ~ said block. `-:
I 30: Compressed air issuing as an annulus fro~ elbow 60 sur-: .. ....
: ~ rounds ~arn l and positively propels the latter into the inlet passage ~;:
51. The air im~ediately hits the upwardly inclined surfac~ Portion 53 :;
j and is thus im~diately directed against the opposite surface of the inlet passage 51, as inrli~ated by arrows 66, The air is thus diverted ~:~ : 7 ~o~
away from yarn. The co~Dressed air then enters the tu~e 48 and there is produced a slow moving air current in tube 48 directed towards the open end 507 where the air freely escapes. This air current sucks in fresh air through air opening 67. This slow-m~vi~g air current~ together with su~plemental air enterin~ through opening 67, is sufficient to keep the thread 1 freely floating in the tube 40 without touching the wall of the latter. Air opening 67 also prevents the production of negative gas pressure at the entr~nce o~ block passage ~4.
Because the high velocity pressurized air issuin2 from nipple 59 is immediately diverted upwardly by the upwardly inclined surface portion 53, this high velocity air is in contact with the yarn 1 ovsr a very restricted length of the latter~ whereby the air cannot in any way damage the yarn 1. Damage would result :Lf the air under high velocity was allowed to be in contact with the yarn over a substantial length thereo~.
The yarn wLthin tube 48 has been found to float freely without yarn entanglement. The yarn is freely fed to the noz~le 7 upon operation of the same. Once the required length of a yarn has been ~ropelled by the nozzle, the electrically-operated gripper 64 -operates to grip the yarn at the block outlet 45. The gripper releases the yarn after stopping of the nozzle operation.
Referrin~ to Fi~ure 1, hand lever 58 is conventional and serves to start and stop the loom.
The no3zle system of the inventlon c~n be manually operated for testing the loom: a knob 69 on the measuring drum 5 is pulled to declutch the latter and the drum is manually rotated to the required ~ ~
len~th as seen in tube 48. Then pulsator 32 is manually actuated by -~ush button switch 31 to produce one pulse and effect one filling.
It ia known that the yarns used in weaving are coated with chemicals and~or olly substances which cause a build-up on the . .
~- ~ inner surfaces of the stora~e tube if the yarn is allowed to touch the lattar~ This happena in conventional vacuum operated storage tubes, because of their s~all cross-sectional size necessitated by the use ~ ~ ." ~''; :~, . -::
2 ~:
of vacuum. Thus, these vacuum tubes must be cleaned frequently. Also, ~ .
it is less expensive to produce compressed gas than to use a vacu~ pump.
Finally, the use of a gas jet nozzle, such as the nozzle constLtuted by elbow nipple 59, positively pulls the yarn 1 from the ..
measuring drum 5 and, therefore, maintains constant tension on the portion ~.
of the yarn preventing its slippage on the drum 5. 1 ' : ' , : :
. . . ,. ,: .
:',: ,.
...
:"..."' : ,, ' :.
,.. ......
..
-.
. .
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' .
, :: :i',:' .
. ::.
7:. ' ' "'"
' .~' .'i ,', ', ` ' ' .
" . "' ~ " ' .
: ' i .~ ~ ' . '~. .
~;$
`1, :~ : .~, .
, ,', :, l ..
".1 ~ ~ ' ,.
' ' .' ' ::, .
~1 ` .
,~ .
,~ :
.:3 9 ~ :: -~
of vacuum. Thus, these vacuum tubes must be cleaned frequently. Also, ~ .
it is less expensive to produce compressed gas than to use a vacu~ pump.
Finally, the use of a gas jet nozzle, such as the nozzle constLtuted by elbow nipple 59, positively pulls the yarn 1 from the ..
measuring drum 5 and, therefore, maintains constant tension on the portion ~.
of the yarn preventing its slippage on the drum 5. 1 ' : ' , : :
. . . ,. ,: .
:',: ,.
...
:"..."' : ,, ' :.
,.. ......
..
-.
. .
:'.` ' ~;
' .
, :: :i',:' .
. ::.
7:. ' ' "'"
' .~' .'i ,', ', ` ' ' .
" . "' ~ " ' .
: ' i .~ ~ ' . '~. .
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`1, :~ : .~, .
, ,', :, l ..
".1 ~ ~ ' ,.
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,~ .
,~ :
.:3 9 ~ :: -~
Claims (16)
1. A nozzle suitable for use in a jet weaving loom, the nozzle comprising a weft yarn passage and an annular liquid passage coaxial with said weft yarn passage, a liquid outlet surrounding the weft yarn passage, said liquid passage having a liquid inlet communicating with a cylindrical chamber, a first conical forwardly tapering portion in commu-nication with said cylindrical chamber, and a second conical forwardly tapering portion in communication with said first tapering portion.
2. In a jet weaving loom, the improvement comprising a liquid supply system and a nozzle for propelling a weft yarn across the open shed of warp yarn, said nozzle comprising a weft yarn passage, an annular liquid passage, and a front out-let surrounding the weft yarn passage, said liquid passage having an inlet in communication with a cylindrical back chamber, said back chamber feeding into a first conical for-wardly tapering passage portion which in turn feeds into a forwardly tapering terminal portion, a remote-controlled valve having a liquid outlet connected to the liquid passage inlet of the nozzle, said valve having a liquid inlet, means to supply liquid at substantially constant low pressure to said liquid inlet of said valve, pulse generating means connected to said valve to supply a pulse to the latter of predetermined duration and open said valve only during the time of said pulse, and signalling means to cause operation of said pulse generating means, actuated by the beating or harness motion of said loom, whereby said valve operates in synchronism with said motion.
3. A liquid supply system and nozzle as claimed in claim 2, wherein said nozzle includes a body having a through bore, a needle inserted in said through bore and having said weft yarn passage which extends axially of said needle, said body through bore defining a main cylindrical portion pre-ceded by a forwardly tapering frusto-conical portion, in turn preceded by an outlet cylindrical portion of restricted diameter, all said three portions merging with one another, said needle defining a main cylindrical portion preceded by a forwardly tapering frusto-conical portion, in turn preceded by a slightly forwardly tapered terminal portion, the needle being coaxial with the body through bore and defining said annular liquid passage therewith, said needle being axially adjustable within said body through bore, the inlet for said liquid passage opening at said main cylindrical portion of said through bore.
4. A liquid supply system and nozzle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the needle main cylindrical portion extends forwardly partly opposite the frusto-conical portion of said body through bore.
5. A liquid supply and nozzle system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the frusto-conical portions of said body through bore and of said needle have slightly unequal angles of taper to define an annular passage which slightly decrea-ses in width forwardly of the body through bore.
6. A liquid supply system and nozzle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the terminal portion of said needle slightly tapers forwardly at an angle of approximately 4 degrees to define a slightly diverging annular passage with said outlet bore portion of said body.
7. A liquid supply system and nozzle as claimed in claim 6, further including an enlarged diameter mouth protruding from the outlet cylindrical portion of said body through bore.
8. In a jet weaving loom as claimed in claim 3, wherein said valve is an electro-magnetic valve and said pulse gener-ating means generate an electric pulse.
9. A liquid supply system and nozzle as claimed in claim 3, wherein said means to supply liquid to the inlet of said valve includes a liquid supply line and series-connected liquid filter and liquid pressure regulating valve.
10. A liquid supply system and nozzle as claimed in claim 9, further including an air bleeding valve and a liquid accumu-lator preventing liquid hammer in the line.
11. In a jet weaving loom, a nozzle as claimed in claim 7, said nozzle including a body having a through bore and a needle inserted in said through bore and having said axial yarn passage, said body through bore and needle defining therebetween said annular liquid passage and front outlet, and means to adjust the axial position of said needle in said body to change the width of said annular passage.
12. In a jet weaving loom, the improvement comprising a nozzle for propelling a weft yarn across the open shed of warp yarns, said nozzle comprising a body having a through bore, a needle inserted in said through bore and having an axial yarn passage, said body through bore defining a main cylindrical por-tion preceded by a forwardly tapering frusto-conical portion, in turn preceded by an outlet cylindrical portion of restricted dia-meter, all said three portions merging with one another, said needle defining a main cylindrical portion preceded by a forwardly tapering frusto-conical portion, in turn preceded by a slightly forwardly tapered terminal portion, the needle being coaxial with the body through bore and defining an annular liquid passage therewith, means to adjustably position said needle axially of said through bore, said body having a liquid inlet in communication with said liquid passage at said main cylindrical portion of said through bore.
13. A nozzle as claimed in claim 12, wherein the needle main cylindrical portion extends forwardly partly opposite the frusto-conical portion of said body through bore.
14. A nozzle as claimed in claim 13, wherein the frusto-conical portions of said body through bore and of said needle have slightly unequal angles of taper to define an annular passage which slightly decreases in width forwardly of the body through bore.
15. A nozzle as claimed in claim 14, wherein the ter-minal portion of said needle slightly tapers forwardly to an angle of approximately 4 degrees to define a slightly diver-ging annular passage with said outlet bore portion of said body.
16. A nozzle as claimed in claim 15, further including an enlarged diameter mouth protruding from the outlet cylin-drical portion of said body through bore.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA228,830A CA1041402A (en) | 1975-06-09 | 1975-06-09 | Liquid supply system and nozzle for jet weaving looms |
| US05/690,660 US4074727A (en) | 1975-06-09 | 1976-05-27 | Liquid supply system and nozzle for jet weaving looms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA228,830A CA1041402A (en) | 1975-06-09 | 1975-06-09 | Liquid supply system and nozzle for jet weaving looms |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1041402A true CA1041402A (en) | 1978-10-31 |
Family
ID=4103278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA228,830A Expired CA1041402A (en) | 1975-06-09 | 1975-06-09 | Liquid supply system and nozzle for jet weaving looms |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1041402A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105544068A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-05-04 | 吴江市日春纺织机械有限公司 | Water supply weft insertion device of water jet loom and water supply method thereof |
| CN109750410A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-14 | 浙江宁巍机械科技有限公司 | A kind of water-jet loom weft insertion system and its adjustment method |
-
1975
- 1975-06-09 CA CA228,830A patent/CA1041402A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105544068A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-05-04 | 吴江市日春纺织机械有限公司 | Water supply weft insertion device of water jet loom and water supply method thereof |
| CN105544068B (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2018-05-04 | 吴江市日春纺织机械有限公司 | The water supply Weft inserting device and its method of supplying water of a kind of water-jet loom |
| CN109750410A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-14 | 浙江宁巍机械科技有限公司 | A kind of water-jet loom weft insertion system and its adjustment method |
| CN109750410B (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2023-10-10 | 浙江宁巍机械科技有限公司 | Weft insertion system of water jet loom and debugging method thereof |
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