BR9507472A - Posicionador de válvula - Google Patents

Posicionador de válvula

Info

Publication number
BR9507472A
BR9507472A BR9507472A BR9507472A BR9507472A BR 9507472 A BR9507472 A BR 9507472A BR 9507472 A BR9507472 A BR 9507472A BR 9507472 A BR9507472 A BR 9507472A BR 9507472 A BR9507472 A BR 9507472A
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
valve positioner
positioner
valve
Prior art date
Application number
BR9507472A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gregory C Brown
Original Assignee
Rosemount Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosemount Inc filed Critical Rosemount Inc
Publication of BR9507472A publication Critical patent/BR9507472A/pt

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/414Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller
    • G05B19/4142Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller characterised by the use of a microprocessor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0075For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment
    • F16K37/0083For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment by measuring valve parameters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0075For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment
    • F16K37/0091For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment by measuring fluid parameters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B6/00Internal feedback arrangements for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral or differential
    • G05B6/05Internal feedback arrangements for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral or differential fluidic
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/34Director, elements to supervisory
    • G05B2219/34309Dual power supply, for digital circuit and for analog signals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2278Pressure modulating relays or followers
    • Y10T137/2409With counter-balancing pressure feedback to the modulating device
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7758Pilot or servo controlled
    • Y10T137/7761Electrically actuated valve

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Servomotors (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
BR9507472A 1994-04-20 1995-04-17 Posicionador de válvula BR9507472A (pt)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/230,492 US5431182A (en) 1994-04-20 1994-04-20 Smart valve positioner
PCT/US1995/004724 WO1995029433A1 (en) 1994-04-20 1995-04-17 Smart valve positioner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BR9507472A true BR9507472A (pt) 1997-09-23

Family

ID=22865443

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BR9507472A BR9507472A (pt) 1994-04-20 1995-04-17 Posicionador de válvula

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5431182A (pt)
EP (1) EP0757808B1 (pt)
JP (1) JPH09512650A (pt)
BR (1) BR9507472A (pt)
CA (1) CA2186459C (pt)
DE (1) DE69529519T2 (pt)
HK (1) HK1009990A1 (pt)
WO (1) WO1995029433A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (98)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100355938B1 (ko) 1993-05-26 2002-12-16 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 반도체장치제작방법
DE4429401C2 (de) * 1994-08-09 1999-01-07 Hartmann & Braun Gmbh & Co Kg Druckmittelbetriebener Stellantrieb
JP2677536B2 (ja) 1995-09-01 1997-11-17 シーケーディ株式会社 真空圧力制御システム
US5868164A (en) * 1996-04-12 1999-02-09 Chlorinators Incorporated Fluid control valve system with combined step and proportional-integral control
US5950668A (en) * 1996-10-09 1999-09-14 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Control valve positioners having improved operating characteristics
US5899443A (en) * 1996-10-22 1999-05-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Passive-active vibration isolation
US5887858A (en) * 1996-10-22 1999-03-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Passive-active mount
US5873351A (en) * 1997-04-16 1999-02-23 Woodward Governor Company Gas mass flow control system
US6016832A (en) * 1997-04-16 2000-01-25 Woodward Governor Company Valve for controlling gas mass flow
US6272401B1 (en) 1997-07-23 2001-08-07 Dresser Industries, Inc. Valve positioner system
US6035878A (en) * 1997-09-22 2000-03-14 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Diagnostic device and method for pressure regulator
US6056008A (en) * 1997-09-22 2000-05-02 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Intelligent pressure regulator
US6128541A (en) * 1997-10-15 2000-10-03 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Optimal auto-tuner for use in a process control network
JP3511458B2 (ja) * 1997-12-08 2004-03-29 株式会社山武 電空ポジショナ
US7269475B1 (en) * 1998-03-02 2007-09-11 Xerox Corporation Distributed control system with global contraints for controlling object motion with smart matter
US6283138B1 (en) 1998-04-24 2001-09-04 Anderson, Greenwood Lp Pressure relief valve monitoring device
JP2000035003A (ja) * 1998-07-16 2000-02-02 Smc Corp ポジショナおよびその設定方法
US6575164B1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2003-06-10 Ntc Technology, Inc. Reliability-enhanced apparatus operation for re-breathing and methods of effecting same
US6519938B1 (en) 1998-12-22 2003-02-18 Coltec Industries Inc. Recording and controlling pneumatic profiles
US6186167B1 (en) * 1999-03-04 2001-02-13 Fisher Controls International Inc. Emergency shutdown test system
JP3635982B2 (ja) * 1999-04-19 2005-04-06 横河電機株式会社 バルブポジショナ及び電空変換器
US6535945B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2003-03-18 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Method and apparatus for programmable adjustment of computer system bus parameters
US6535827B1 (en) 1999-10-28 2003-03-18 Mpr Associates, Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting and isolating a rupture in fluid distribution system
US6357335B1 (en) 1999-12-23 2002-03-19 Sox Corporation Pneumatic volume booster for valve positioner
US6480131B1 (en) * 2000-08-10 2002-11-12 Rosemount Inc. Multiple die industrial process control transmitter
US6640688B1 (en) 2000-08-25 2003-11-04 Tyco Flow Control, Inc. Actuator assembly
US6814096B2 (en) * 2000-12-15 2004-11-09 Nor-Cal Products, Inc. Pressure controller and method
US6644332B1 (en) 2001-01-25 2003-11-11 Fisher Controls International Inc. Method and apparatus for multiple-input-multiple-output control of a valve/actuator plant
WO2003014577A1 (en) * 2001-08-05 2003-02-20 Woodworth Raymond D Rotary servovalve and control system
US6631882B2 (en) * 2001-08-09 2003-10-14 Robert Mack Method and apparatus to test a shutdown device while process continues to operate
ES2301968T3 (es) * 2003-02-14 2008-07-01 Dresser, Inc. Metodo, sistema y medio de memoria para efectuar el diagnostico de una valvula en una linea de produccion.
TWI223042B (en) * 2003-02-24 2004-11-01 Seibu Electric & Machinery Co Self-diagnosis valve actuator and intelligent valve actuator
US7556238B2 (en) * 2005-07-20 2009-07-07 Fisher Controls International Llc Emergency shutdown system
DE102005052716B4 (de) * 2005-11-04 2016-06-23 Continental Automotive Gmbh Steuergerät und Steuerverfahren für ein Getriebe
US7661439B2 (en) 2006-02-07 2010-02-16 Dresser, Inc. Safety override circuit for pneumatic positioner and method of use thereof
US7283894B2 (en) 2006-02-10 2007-10-16 Dresser, Inc. System and method for fluid regulation
WO2007130215A2 (en) * 2006-05-04 2007-11-15 Parker Hannifin Corporation Digital electronic process controller
GB0613662D0 (en) * 2006-07-10 2006-08-16 Rotork Controls Improvements to valve actuators
US7539560B2 (en) * 2007-01-05 2009-05-26 Dresser, Inc. Control valve and positioner diagnostics
US7744062B2 (en) * 2007-03-09 2010-06-29 Fisher Controls International Llc Apparatus to vary effective spring rate for use in diaphragm actuators
TWI376581B (en) * 2007-06-05 2012-11-11 Ckd Corp Vacuum pressure control system
DE102008005648B4 (de) * 2008-01-23 2018-12-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Reglereinheit und Verfahren zum Regeln einer Klappenöffnung einer Klappe, die in einer Massenstromleitung angeordnet ist
US8092744B1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2012-01-10 EST Analytical, Inc. Analytical chemical sampling system with bypass mode
DE102008028190A1 (de) * 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 Abb Technology Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektropneumatischen Ventils
DE102008028192A1 (de) * 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 Abb Technology Ag Elektropneumatisches Ventil
DE102008033047A1 (de) * 2008-07-14 2010-02-25 Abb Technology Ag Meldung der aktiven Sicherheitsstellung bei elektropneumatischen Stellungsreglern
DE102008038723B3 (de) * 2008-08-12 2010-04-15 Abb Technology Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Ansteuerung eines elektropneumatischen Ventils eines druckmittelbetätigten Stellungsreglers
US20100264868A1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2010-10-21 Stephen George Seberger Methods and apparatus to couple an electro-pneumatic controller to a position transmitter in a process control system
DE102009021918B4 (de) * 2009-05-19 2016-04-07 Abb Technology Ag Stellungsregler
JP5426452B2 (ja) 2010-03-30 2014-02-26 アズビル株式会社 ポジショナ
US8301275B2 (en) * 2010-06-04 2012-10-30 Sti Srl Modified proportional integral derivative controller
CN102607822B (zh) * 2011-01-25 2016-09-14 深圳万讯自控股份有限公司 气压加载阀门***试验台
JP5577286B2 (ja) * 2011-03-30 2014-08-20 アズビル株式会社 ポジショナ
US9752990B2 (en) 2013-09-30 2017-09-05 Honeywell International Inc. Low-powered system for driving a fuel control mechanism
DE102011050007B4 (de) * 2011-04-29 2015-10-22 Samson Ag Stellungsregler
US8905371B2 (en) * 2011-06-30 2014-12-09 General Equipment And Manufacturing Company, Inc. Valve signature diagnosis and leak test device
US8760103B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2014-06-24 Honeywell International Inc. Actuator power control circuit having fail-safe bypass switching
US9981529B2 (en) 2011-10-21 2018-05-29 Honeywell International Inc. Actuator having a test mode
US8749182B2 (en) 2011-11-08 2014-06-10 Honeywell International Inc. Actuator having an adjustable auxiliary output
US8922140B2 (en) 2011-11-09 2014-12-30 Honeywell International Inc. Dual potentiometer address and direction selection for an actuator
US9041319B2 (en) 2011-11-09 2015-05-26 Honeywell International Inc. Actuator having an address selector
US8588983B2 (en) 2011-11-09 2013-11-19 Honeywell International Inc. Actuator with diagnostics
US10113762B2 (en) 2011-11-09 2018-10-30 Honeywell International Inc. Actuator having an adjustable running time
CN102563190A (zh) * 2012-02-03 2012-07-11 深圳乐满油气技术有限公司 一种间歇式供气的气动定位执行器
US9625349B2 (en) * 2012-02-29 2017-04-18 Fisher Controls International Llc Time-stamped emissions data collection for process control devices
DE102012017713A1 (de) * 2012-09-07 2014-03-13 Hoerbiger Automatisierungstechnik Holding Gmbh Fluidischer Stellantrieb
CN103851247A (zh) * 2012-11-29 2014-06-11 费希尔控制国际公司 用于阀的无线位置变换器
US9989394B2 (en) * 2013-02-15 2018-06-05 Metropolitan Industries, Inc. Automatic shut off valve
US9106171B2 (en) 2013-05-17 2015-08-11 Honeywell International Inc. Power supply compensation for an actuator
US10119711B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2018-11-06 Optimum Energy Llc Air handler unit including a smart valve
US10962622B2 (en) * 2013-12-23 2021-03-30 Rosemount Inc. Analog process variable transmitter with electronic calibration
RU2554153C1 (ru) * 2014-03-18 2015-06-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт "Сигнал" (ОАО "ВНИИ "Сигнал") Электрогидравлический следящий привод
RU2554152C1 (ru) * 2014-03-18 2015-06-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт "Сигнал" (ОАО "ВНИИ "Сигнал") Электрогидравлический следящий привод
RU2561254C1 (ru) * 2014-03-18 2015-08-27 Акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт "Сигнал" (АО "ВНИИ "Сигнал") Электрогидравлический привод
AR100120A1 (es) * 2014-04-04 2016-09-14 Fisher Controls Int Llc Sistema y método para controlar una válvula
CA2960144A1 (en) 2014-09-05 2016-03-10 Command Alkon Dutch Tech B.V. System and method for determining a status of a valve
EP3259511B1 (en) 2015-02-20 2021-05-26 Morice, Peter G. Pneumatic actuation system and method
RU2717634C2 (ru) * 2015-03-19 2020-03-24 Фишер Контролз Интернешнел Ллс Способ калибровки позиционера, система управления процессом и компьютерное устройство для регулирования давления для калибровки устройств управления процессом
JP2016192039A (ja) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-10 アズビル株式会社 流量制御弁
US9739682B2 (en) * 2015-05-04 2017-08-22 Dresser, Inc. Valve assembly calibration
RU2593325C1 (ru) * 2015-09-07 2016-08-10 Акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт "Сигнал" (АО "ВНИИ "Сигнал") Электрогидравлический привод
EP3350455A1 (de) * 2015-09-15 2018-07-25 Festo AG & Co. KG Ventilsteuerung und verfahren zum betreiben einer ventilsteuerung
JP6671202B2 (ja) * 2016-03-23 2020-03-25 アズビル株式会社 ポジショナ
JP2017194122A (ja) * 2016-04-21 2017-10-26 アズビル株式会社 ポジショナおよびバルブ制御システム
DE202016106017U1 (de) * 2016-10-26 2018-01-28 Samson Aktiengesellschaft Elektropneumatischer Stellungsregler und Feldgerät mit einem elektropneumatischen Stellungsregler
JP6996289B2 (ja) * 2016-12-26 2022-01-17 株式会社島津製作所 バルブ装置
CN106763980B (zh) * 2017-02-23 2019-02-19 武汉拓优智能股份有限公司 一种喷嘴挡板式智能阀门***的控制方法
RU2646169C1 (ru) * 2017-05-26 2018-03-01 Акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт "Сигнал" Электрогидравлический привод
US10612678B1 (en) * 2017-08-24 2020-04-07 Telos Industries Inc. Method of servicing an electronically controlled PRV system
US11187058B2 (en) 2017-08-24 2021-11-30 Telos Industries Inc. Pressure relief system for hydraulic pumping operations
US10550665B1 (en) * 2017-08-24 2020-02-04 Telos Industries Inc. Electronically controlled pressure relief valve system
US11306748B2 (en) 2017-10-25 2022-04-19 Dresser, Llc Constructing valve positioners for hazardous areas
US10670054B2 (en) 2017-10-25 2020-06-02 Dresser, Llc Constructing valve positioners for hazardous areas
US11073442B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2021-07-27 Swagelok Company Systems and methods for control and monitoring of actuated valves
CN108181854A (zh) * 2018-01-17 2018-06-19 航天科工智能机器人有限责任公司 机器人用智能模块化液压伺服驱动器
RU2688783C1 (ru) * 2018-07-16 2019-05-22 Акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт "Сигнал" Электрогидравлический привод
US11003151B2 (en) * 2019-02-20 2021-05-11 Fisher Controls International Llc Loop-powered control of pneumatic process control devices
US11867043B1 (en) 2019-12-13 2024-01-09 Klx Energy Services Llc Remotely-controlled pressure bleed-off system

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE755554A (fr) * 1969-09-10 1971-03-01 Agfa Gevaert Nv Proces-controle
US4086804A (en) * 1976-10-26 1978-05-02 Sperry Rand Corporation Precision pneumatic pressure supply system
SE442350B (sv) * 1977-10-17 1985-12-16 Alfa Laval Ab Process-styrningssystem
FR2468240B1 (fr) * 1979-10-24 1986-02-21 Enertec Relais de telecommande
US4481967A (en) * 1979-11-15 1984-11-13 Rosemount Inc. Control circuit for current to pressure converter
US4492246A (en) * 1983-03-28 1985-01-08 Mcgraw-Edison Company Solid state current-to-pressure and current-to-motion transducer
US4602326A (en) * 1983-12-12 1986-07-22 The Foxboro Company Pattern-recognizing self-tuning controller
US4712173A (en) * 1984-10-01 1987-12-08 Yamatake Honeywell Multicontrol process control system
US4783659A (en) * 1986-08-22 1988-11-08 Rosemount Inc. Analog transducer circuit with digital control
US4665938A (en) * 1986-09-30 1987-05-19 Rosemount Inc. Frequency feedback on a current loop of a current-to-pressure converter
US5197328A (en) * 1988-08-25 1993-03-30 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Diagnostic apparatus and method for fluid control valves
DE3909041A1 (de) * 1989-03-18 1990-09-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Regelungsanordnung
JPH04312868A (ja) * 1991-04-12 1992-11-04 Tokyo Electric Co Ltd プリンタのキャリア駆動方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1009990A1 (en) 1999-06-11
CA2186459A1 (en) 1995-11-02
WO1995029433A1 (en) 1995-11-02
CA2186459C (en) 2004-11-16
DE69529519T2 (de) 2003-11-20
DE69529519D1 (de) 2003-03-06
JPH09512650A (ja) 1997-12-16
EP0757808B1 (en) 2003-01-29
MX9604042A (es) 1997-09-30
US5431182A (en) 1995-07-11
EP0757808A1 (en) 1997-02-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
BR9507472A (pt) Posicionador de válvula
BR9407585A (pt) Posicionador de válvula
DE69423523T2 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE59504713D1 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE19580519T1 (de) Ventilanordnung
BR9505444A (pt) Conjunto de válvula
KR960018142U (ko) 밸브 조립체
DE59502925D1 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE59405903D1 (de) Mehrwegeventil
DE69516754D1 (de) Fluidventil
DE69526520D1 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE69431876T2 (de) Schaltventil
DE69518874D1 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE69504962T2 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE59504855D1 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE69528976D1 (de) Regelungsventil
DE59502737D1 (de) Elektropneumatische Ventileinrichtung
DE69524582D1 (de) Richtungssteuerventil
DE59505682D1 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE59507504D1 (de) Absperrklappe
FI951188A0 (fi) Venttiili
DE59502278D1 (de) Ventilbaugruppe
ITMI951925A0 (it) Disposizione valvolare
KR960011639U (ko) 밸브
KR960002320U (ko) 밸브

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FB36 Technical and formal requirements: requirement - article 36 of industrial property law
FF Decision: intention to grant
FA11 Dismissal: dismissal - article 38, par. 2 of industrial property law