BE452643A - Process for catalytically preparing dinitriles - Google Patents
Process for catalytically preparing dinitrilesInfo
- Publication number
- BE452643A BE452643A BE452643A BE452643A BE452643A BE 452643 A BE452643 A BE 452643A BE 452643 A BE452643 A BE 452643A BE 452643 A BE452643 A BE 452643A BE 452643 A BE452643 A BE 452643A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- bentonites
- bentonite
- swelling power
- dinitriles
- catalytically preparing
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/14—Preparation from compounds containing heterocyclic oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/22—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reaction of ammonia with carboxylic acids with replacement of carboxyl groups by cyano groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
Procédé pour augmenter le pouvoir gonflant des bentonites.
La présente invention concerne un procédé pour augmenter le pouvoir gonflant des bentonites. Il est connu d'augmenter le pou- voir gonflant des bentonites en les traitant par les composés de métaux monovalents tels que le Na, le K ou le Li. Dans ces procédés connus on partait manifestement de la considération que le pouvoir gonflant est diminué par le calcium présent dans la bentonite et moyennant le remplacement du calcium par un cation monovalent on voulait changer les propriétés chimiques et physiques de la bento- nite de manière que son pouvoir gonflant en soit essentiellement amélioré. Avec les bentonites d'une certaine composition et prove- nance ce procédé connu a donné sans doute aussi des résultats uti- les, mais pour les bentonites que l'on rencontre en Sicile en gi- sements importants il ne convient pas ou n'y est pas applicable sans plus.
Or,la présente invention a pour but d'améliorer le pouvoir gonflant de ces bentonites siciliennes, telles qu'on les rencontre, par exemple, à l'Etna. Ce but est atteint essentiellement en trai- tant la bentonite au moyen d'une lessive, à savoir, préférablement au moyen d'hydrate de calcium. Une bentonite de la composition suivante : SiO2 66,79% Al2O3 Il,94(
Fe2O3 1,84$
CrO 1,75
MgO 1,65%
Alcali, en tout 1,91
H2O 13,61% est désintégrée et est mise en suspension dans une quantité d'eau au moins quadruple. Ensuite on ajoute peu à peu une faible quantité de lait de chaux. Pratiquement il suffit d'une addition de moins de 1% de chaux par rapport au poids de la bentonite.
Cependant, on peut aussi continuer avec l'addition jusqu'à la réaction indiquée par la phénolphtaléine. L'épaississement et le gonflement se pro- duisent déjà pendant l'addition et le brassage de la suspension.
Au lieu de lait de chaux on peut aussi ajouter à la bentonite moulue et sèche, la quantité correspondante de chaux moulue, le mélange ainsi obtenu étant alors mis en suspension dans de l'eau
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
seulement plus tard. L'effet de gonflement est dans ce cas le même.
Au lieu de lait de chaux on peut utiliser aussi d'autres hydrates, pour autant que ce soit économique. Labaryte hydratée s'est avérée utilisable, d'autant plus que le baryum peut être éliminé facilement de la masse gonflée, par précipitation sous forme de sulfate, alors que l'élimination du calciun, ce dernier étant indésirable dans maints cas d'application de la bentonite, est plus difficile à réaliser.
REVENDICATIONS.
1. Procédé pour augmenter le pouvoir gonflant des bentonitès de provenance sicilienne ou de bentonites d'un genre similaire, caractérisé en ce que la béntonite est traitée par un hydrate bivalent, en particulier de L'hydrate de calcium.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Process for increasing the swelling power of bentonites.
The present invention relates to a process for increasing the swelling power of bentonites. It is known to increase the swelling power of bentonites by treating them with the compounds of monovalent metals such as Na, K or Li. In these known methods it was obviously assumed that the swelling power is reduced by the calcium present in the bentonite and by replacing the calcium with a monovalent cation, we wanted to change the chemical and physical properties of the bentonite so that its swelling power is essentially improved. With bentonites of a certain composition and origin this known process has undoubtedly also given useful results, but for the bentonites which are found in Sicily in large deposits it is not suitable or not. is not applicable without more.
Now, the object of the present invention is to improve the swelling power of these Sicilian bentonites, such as they are found, for example, on Etna. This object is achieved primarily by treating the bentonite with a lye, that is, preferably with calcium hydrate. A bentonite of the following composition: SiO2 66.79% Al2O3 Il, 94 (
Fe2O3 $ 1.84
CrO 1.75
MgO 1.65%
Alkali, in total 1.91
H2O 13.61% is disintegrated and is suspended in a quantity of water at least quadruple. Then a small amount of milk of lime is gradually added. In practice, an addition of less than 1% lime based on the weight of the bentonite is sufficient.
However, one can also continue with the addition until the reaction indicated by phenolphthalein. Thickening and swelling already occur during the addition and stirring of the suspension.
Instead of milk of lime, it is also possible to add to the ground and dry bentonite, the corresponding quantity of ground lime, the mixture thus obtained being then suspended in water.
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only later. The swelling effect in this case is the same.
Instead of whitewash, other hydrates can also be used, as long as this is economical. The hydrated labaryte has been shown to be usable, especially since the barium can be easily removed from the swollen mass by precipitation in the form of sulfate, while the removal of calcium, the latter being undesirable in many cases of application of bentonite, is more difficult to achieve.
CLAIMS.
1. Process for increasing the swelling power of bentonites of Sicilian origin or of bentonites of a similar type, characterized in that the bentonite is treated with a bivalent hydrate, in particular calcium hydrate.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEI69146D DE743468C (en) | 1941-03-18 | 1941-03-18 | Process for the preparation of nitrogenous compounds |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BE452643A true BE452643A (en) | 1943-11-20 |
Family
ID=7196973
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE452643A BE452643A (en) | 1941-03-18 | 1943-10-09 | Process for catalytically preparing dinitriles |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE452643A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE743468C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR898554A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1000369B (en) * | 1952-03-17 | 1957-01-10 | Bayer Ag | Process for the production of glutaric acid and ª ‰ -methylglutaric acid dinitrile |
| GB1544704A (en) * | 1976-02-19 | 1979-04-25 | Unibra Sa | Preparation of nitriles |
| US4599422A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1986-07-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Manufacture of pyridine |
-
1941
- 1941-03-18 DE DEI69146D patent/DE743468C/en not_active Expired
-
1943
- 1943-10-02 FR FR898554D patent/FR898554A/en not_active Expired
- 1943-10-09 BE BE452643A patent/BE452643A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE743468C (en) | 1943-12-27 |
| FR898554A (en) | 1945-04-26 |
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