BE1030784B1 - Expanded natural fiber molded parts - Google Patents
Expanded natural fiber molded parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- BE1030784B1 BE1030784B1 BE20225638A BE202205638A BE1030784B1 BE 1030784 B1 BE1030784 B1 BE 1030784B1 BE 20225638 A BE20225638 A BE 20225638A BE 202205638 A BE202205638 A BE 202205638A BE 1030784 B1 BE1030784 B1 BE 1030784B1
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- binder
- molded part
- cellulosic
- protein
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 sodium alkyl sulfate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RQVGAIADHNPSME-UHFFFAOYSA-N azinphos-ethyl Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CSP(=S)(OCC)OCC)N=NC2=C1 RQVGAIADHNPSME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical class O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000299507 Gossypium hirsutum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015928 Hibiscus cannabinus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010084695 Pea Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019463 artificial additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGZJRXKGJRJKCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hanf Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC(C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NC(CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CS)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C(CC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CS)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(N)CO)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KGZJRXKGJRJKCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019702 pea protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067631 phospholipid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J9/30—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by mixing gases into liquid compositions or plastisols, e.g. frothing with air
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
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- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
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- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2005/00—Use of polysaccharides or derivatives as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2289/00—Use of proteins, e.g. casein, gelatine or derivatives thereof, as reinforcement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
- B29K2311/10—Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
- B29K2311/14—Wood, e.g. woodboard or fibreboard
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2389/00—Characterised by the use of proteins; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2497/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
- E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
L’invention concerne la fabrication de matériaux isolants rigides de préférence 100% naturels et/ou biosourcés ayant un meilleur coefficient thermique que les plaques en fibres naturelles et/ou végétales existantes, qui soient biodégradables et facile à travailler (découpage, rainurage, usinage, enduire…). Il s’agit de fabriquer une pièce moulée expansée en fibres cellulosiques et/ou lignocellulosiques dont les surfaces sont une croute enfermant une structure à porosité ouverte, les constituants de la croute et de la structure à porosité ouverte étant identiques.The invention concerns the manufacture of rigid insulating materials, preferably 100% natural and/or biosourced, having a better thermal coefficient than existing natural and/or plant fiber plates, which are biodegradable and easy to work with (cutting, grooving, machining, etc.). coat…). This involves manufacturing an expanded molded part in cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic fibers whose surfaces are a crust enclosing a structure with open porosity, the constituents of the crust and the structure with open porosity being identical.
Description
1 BE2022/56381 BE2022/5638
Pièces moulées expansées en fibres naturelles.Expanded molded parts in natural fibers.
L’invention concerne la fabrication de plaques isolantes de préférence 100% naturelles et/ou biosourcées ayant un coefficient thermique au moins aussi bon que les plaques en fibres naturelles et/ou végétales existantes, qui soient biodégradables et facile à travailler (découpage, rainurage, usinage, enduire…).The invention concerns the manufacture of insulating plates, preferably 100% natural and/or biosourced, having a thermal coefficient at least as good as existing natural and/or plant fiber plates, which are biodegradable and easy to work with (cutting, grooving, etc.). machining, coating, etc.).
Que ce soit pour des applications dans l'emballage ou dans la construction, il existe des matériaux isolants, sous forme de panneaux ou de couche flexible à base de matériaux naturels, comme des {fibres naturelles. Néanmoins, les performances isolantes de tels matériaux sont bien souvent décevantes par rapport aux matériaux classiques synthétiques comme le polystyrène ou le polyuréthane, ou minérales comme la laine de verre. Ces matériaux sont souvent mous et ne peuvent pas être rainurés, et sont difficiles à découper de facon nette.Whether for applications in packaging or in construction, there are insulating materials, in the form of panels or flexible layers based on natural materials, such as natural fibers. However, the insulating performance of such materials is often disappointing compared to classic synthetic materials such as polystyrene or polyurethane, or mineral materials such as glass wool. These materials are often soft and cannot be grooved, and are difficult to cut cleanly.
En effet, il est très difficile de former un panneau suffisamment solide à base de fibres naturelles, sans y ajouter au moins un liant thermoplastique ou autre additif synthétique, pour solidariser les fibres, et/ou des parements de chaque côté du matériau pour en assurer la cohésion, ce qui rend Aalors impossible le recyclage ou le compostage de tels panneaux.Indeed, it is very difficult to form a sufficiently strong panel based on natural fibers, without adding at least one thermoplastic binder or other synthetic additive, to hold the fibers together, and/or facings on each side of the material to ensure this. cohesion, which then makes it impossible to recycle or compost such panels.
La demanderesse a donc jugé nécessaire de développer un panneau isolant ayant d’excellentes propriétés thermiques, totalement recyclable et biodégradable, qui soit à la fois simple à produire et facile à travailler.The applicant therefore considered it necessary to develop an insulating panel having excellent thermal properties, completely recyclable and biodegradable, which is both simple to produce and easy to work with.
Solution de l’inventionSolution of the invention
A cette fin, l’invention concerne une pièce moulée expansée en fibres cellulosiques et/ou lignocellulosiques dont les surfaces sont une croute enfermant une structure à porosité ouverte, lesTo this end, the invention relates to an expanded molded part made of cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic fibers whose surfaces are a crust enclosing a structure with open porosity, the
2 BE2022/5638 constituants de la croute et de la structure à porosité ouverte étant identiques.2 BE2022/5638 constituents of the crust and the open porosity structure being identical.
Contrairement aux matériaux connus, la demanderesse a mis au point une composition à base de fibres cellulosiques permettant d’obtenir, suite à l’étape de cuisson de la composition initiale, une structure expansée à porosité ouverte avec une surface plus dense et plus rigide apportant les propriétés mécaniques et un intérieur à faible densité conférant les propriétés isolantes.Unlike known materials, the applicant has developed a composition based on cellulose fibers making it possible to obtain, following the cooking step of the initial composition, an expanded structure with open porosity with a denser and more rigid surface providing mechanical properties and a low density interior conferring insulating properties.
Contrairement aux matériaux synthétiques expansés comme le polyuréthane ou le polystyrène, dans lesquels l'air est capturé dans des bulles fermées, la pièce expansée de l’invention a une porosité ouverte c’est-à-dire que l’air peut circuler dans le matériau, entre les fibres, lui conférant ainsi des propriétés perspirantes.Unlike expanded synthetic materials such as polyurethane or polystyrene, in which air is captured in closed bubbles, the expanded part of the invention has open porosity, i.e. air can circulate in the material, between the fibers, thus giving it breathable properties.
La pièce moulée de l’invention comprend des fibres cellulosiques et/ou lignocellulosiques, au moins un agent moussant et au moins un liant.The molded part of the invention comprises cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic fibers, at least one foaming agent and at least one binder.
Dans une forme de réalisation le liant comprend au moins une protéine végétale.In one embodiment the binder comprises at least one vegetable protein.
La pièce peut comprendre également de l’humidité résiduelle. Le taux d’humidité de la pièce peut varier au cours du temps et dépend notamment des conditions de stockage, de l’humidité ambiante.The room may also contain residual humidity. The humidity level in the room may vary over time and depends in particular on storage conditions and ambient humidity.
La croute peut être définie comme une pellicule de surface (couche mince à la surface de l’objet) indissociable du matériau sur lequel elle est présente. C’est-à-dire qu’elle n’est pas formée par collage ou assemblage sur la structure expansée à porosité ouverte mais résulte naturellement du procédé de fabrication de cette structure expansée.The crust can be defined as a surface film (thin layer on the surface of the object) inseparable from the material on which it is present. That is to say, it is not formed by bonding or assembly on the expanded structure with open porosity but results naturally from the manufacturing process of this expanded structure.
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Selon l’invention, cette croute a les mêmes constituants que la structure à porosité ouverte qu’elle enferme, les proportions peuvent cependant en être différentes. En effet, les constituantes peuvent par exemple présenter un gradient de proportions au niveau de la croute, vers la surface.According to the invention, this crust has the same constituents as the open porosity structure that it encloses, the proportions may however be different. Indeed, the constituents can for example present a gradient of proportions at the level of the crust, towards the surface.
La pièce moulée de l’invention est monocouche.The molded part of the invention is single-layer.
Il s’agit par exemple d’un panneau isolant rigide monocouche.This is, for example, a single-layer rigid insulating panel.
Un panneau désigne un matériau ayant une épaisseur bien inférieure à sa surface. Il peut être généralement plat, ou présenter des reliefs, des angles et/ou des courbures.A panel refers to a material having a thickness much less than its surface. It can be generally flat, or have reliefs, angles and/or curvatures.
Ce panneau est monocouche, ce qui signifie qu’il ne comprend qu’une couche fabriquée en une fois. Contrairement aux panneaux connus, aucun parement ou couche de surface n’est laminé, pulvérisé ou collé sur le panneau. La croute est une portion plus dense des mêmes constituants que ceux de la structure interne.This board is single-ply, meaning it only has one layer made at one time. Unlike known panels, no facing or surface layer is laminated, sprayed or glued to the panel. The crust is a denser portion of the same constituents as those of the internal structure.
Les fibres cellulosiques et/ou lignocellulosigues sont des fibres naturelles et/ou biosourcées, comme par exemple des fibres de bois, de coco, de lin, de coton, de jute, de kénaf ou de chanvre. Il peut également s’agir de papier recyclé ou des textiles cellulosiques recyclés (ouate de cellulose).Cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic fibers are natural and/or biosourced fibers, such as for example wood, coconut, linen, cotton, jute, kenaf or hemp fibers. It can also be recycled paper or recycled cellulose textiles (cellulose wadding).
De préférence, les fibres cellulosiques ont une longueur d’au moins 0.1 mm, de préférence d’au moins 0.5 mm, de préférence d’au moins 1 mm et de préférence encore d’au moins 2 mm, ou d’au moins 4 mm. Des fibres trop courtes ne permettent pas une cohésion suffisante de la pièce.Preferably, the cellulosic fibers have a length of at least 0.1 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm and more preferably at least 2 mm, or at least 4 mm. Fibers that are too short do not provide sufficient cohesion of the piece.
Dans certains cas, la longueur des fibres doit être limitée pour être approprié à la technique de malaxage, par exemple elle doit être limitée à 100 mm.In some cases, the length of the fibers must be limited to be suitable for the mixing technique, for example it must be limited to 100 mm.
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L’agent moussant ou agent gonflant est un tensioactif, d’origine naturelle ou biosourcé ou non, qui a pour objectif d’expanser le réseau fibreux du matériau. Des agents moussants sont par exemple des alkyle sulfates de sodium, comme par exemple le docécyle sufate de sodium (SDS)ou lauryle sulfate, des phospholipides, des dérivés de sorbitane ou d’alginate.The foaming agent or swelling agent is a surfactant, of natural or biosourced origin or not, which aims to expand the fibrous network of the material. Foaming agents are for example sodium alkyl sulfates, such as sodium docecyl sulfate (SDS) or lauryl sulfate, phospholipids, sorbitan or alginate derivatives.
Le liant a pour fonction d’assurer la cohésion entre des fibres.The function of the binder is to ensure cohesion between fibers.
Le liant peut comprendre, de préférence des agents d’origine naturelle ou biosourcés, comme par exemple des polysaccharides, comme l’amidon et/ou des amidons modifiés. De préférence, le liant ne comprend pas de carbonate de calcium.The binder may preferably comprise agents of natural or biosourced origin, such as for example polysaccharides, such as starch and/or modified starches. Preferably, the binder does not comprise calcium carbonate.
De façon surprenante, il a été trouvé que des protéines végétales sont particulièrement adaptées à l’expansion de mélange aqueux des fibres, en combinaison de préférence avec l’agent moussant.Surprisingly, it was found that plant proteins are particularly suitable for aqueous mixture expansion of fibers, preferably in combination with the foaming agent.
Le liant comprend de préférence au moins une protéine végétale.The binder preferably comprises at least one vegetable protein.
Les protéines végétales ont des propriétés tensioactives et filmogènes qui participent pleinement à la stabilisation du matériau expansé à l’état humide. De préférence, la protéine végétale est une protéine de légumineuse, comme une protéine de soja, de pois, de fève, une protéine d’oléagineux comme une protéine de colza ou de tournesol, ou une protéine de céréales comme une protéine de blé ou de riz, ou une combinaison de protéines végétales.Plant proteins have surfactant and film-forming properties which fully participate in the stabilization of the expanded material in the wet state. Preferably, the vegetable protein is a legume protein, such as soy, pea or bean protein, an oilseed protein such as rapeseed or sunflower protein, or a cereal protein such as wheat or sunflower protein. rice, or a combination of vegetable proteins.
La pièce moulée de l’invention a de préférence une densité comprise entre 15 et 80 kg/m°’, de préférence entre 20 et 65 kg/m?. Elle est donc particulièrement équilibrée pour avoir un bon rapport entre densité (légèreté), isolation, solidité (propriétés mécaniques) et cout de revient, ce qui n’était jusqu’ici jamais obtenu avec des matériaux exclusivement naturels et/ou biosourcés.The molded part of the invention preferably has a density of between 15 and 80 kg/m², preferably between 20 and 65 kg/m². It is therefore particularly balanced to have a good ratio between density (lightness), insulation, solidity (mechanical properties) and cost, which has until now never been obtained with exclusively natural and/or biosourced materials.
La pièce moulée de l’invention a de préférence une conductivité thermique comprise de 0.060 W/m*K ou moins et de préférence 0.050The molded part of the invention preferably has a thermal conductivity of 0.060 W/m*K or less and preferably 0.050
W/m*K ou moins, mesurée par la méthode de fil chaud. 5 L’invention est donc également relative à cette composition particulière pour la formation d’une pièce expansée présentant une croute en surface et un cœur expansé à porosité ouverte. La composition comprend des fibres cellulosiques ou lignocellulosiques, au moins un agent moussant et au moins un liant et de l’eau.W/m*K or less, measured by hot wire method. 5 The invention therefore also relates to this particular composition for the formation of an expanded part having a crust on the surface and an expanded core with open porosity. The composition comprises cellulosic or lignocellulosic fibers, at least one foaming agent and at least one binder and water.
Dans une forme de réalisation, le liant peut comprendre au moins une protéine végétale.In one embodiment, the binder may comprise at least one plant protein.
De préférence, le liant et l’agent moussant sont soluble à froid dans l’eau pour économiser de l'énergie lors de la fabrication de la composition.Preferably, the binder and the foaming agent are cold soluble in water to save energy during the manufacture of the composition.
La composition peut comprendre un ajusteur de pH, de préférence une base comme de la soude, pour faciliter la solubilisation de la protéine.The composition may include a pH adjuster, preferably a base such as sodium hydroxide, to facilitate solubilization of the protein.
La composition comprend de préférence entre 50 et 85% en masse d’eau, de préférence entre 60% et 82%, de préférence entre 70% et 80% en masse d’eau. Trop peu d’eau implique une composition manquant de fluidité pour le malaxage des ingrédients et l’expansion du mélange, l’eau étant absorbée par les fibres.The composition preferably comprises between 50 and 85% by weight of water, preferably between 60% and 82%, preferably between 70% and 80% by weight of water. Too little water means a composition lacking fluidity for mixing the ingredients and expanding the mixture, with the water being absorbed by the fibers.
Trop d’eau implique une trop grande demande énergétique pour le séchage, et peut poser un problème de décantation des constituants, créer des cavités au sein du matériau menant à des matériaux fragiles, hétérogènes et inutilisables.Too much water implies too much energy demand for drying, and can pose a problem with settling of constituents, creating cavities within the material leading to fragile, heterogeneous and unusable materials.
La composition comprend de préférence entre 10% et 35% en masse de fibres cellulosiques ou lignocellulosiques, et de préférence entre 11% et 30% en masse, de préférence entre 12% et 25%.The composition preferably comprises between 10% and 35% by mass of cellulosic or lignocellulosic fibers, and preferably between 11% and 30% by mass, preferably between 12% and 25%.
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La composition comprend de préférence entre 1% et 25% en masse de liant, de préférence entre 2% et 20%, de préférence encore entre 3% et 15%.The composition preferably comprises between 1% and 25% by weight of binder, preferably between 2% and 20%, more preferably between 3% and 15%.
En ce qui concerne le liant, la protéine végétale peut représenter de préférence entre 1% et 25% en masse de la composition, de préférence entre 2% et 20%, de préférence encore entre 3% et 15%.Concerning the binder, the vegetable protein can preferably represent between 1% and 25% by weight of the composition, preferably between 2% and 20%, more preferably between 3% and 15%.
La composition comprend de préférence entre 0.1% et 3% en masse d’agent moussant, de préférence entre 0.2% et 2%, de préférence encore entre 0.25% et 1.5%.The composition preferably comprises between 0.1% and 3% by weight of foaming agent, preferably between 0.2% and 2%, more preferably between 0.25% and 1.5%.
Tous les constituants de la composition sont de préférence recyclables et/ou biodégradables. Les pièces moulées de l’inventions peuvent ainsi également être recyclables et/ou biodégradables voire même compostables. Les pièces de l’invention peuvent par exemple être recyclées pour servir de substrat entièrement biodégradable de culture et/ou de germination.All the constituents of the composition are preferably recyclable and/or biodegradable. The molded parts of the invention can thus also be recyclable and/or biodegradable or even compostable. The parts of the invention can for example be recycled to serve as a fully biodegradable substrate for cultivation and/or germination.
Les pièces de l’invention peuvent être brulées sans dégagement de fumées toxiques contrairement aux polyuréthanes ou au PVC.The parts of the invention can be burned without releasing toxic fumes unlike polyurethanes or PVC.
L’invention concerne également le procédé de fabrication de la pièce moulée de l’invention. Il comprend les étapes de : “ On mélange des fibres cellulosiques et/ou lignocellulosiques, au moins un liant, au moins un agent moussant, et de l’eau ; = On introduit le mélange obtenu dans un moule ; et - On chauffe le moule à une température comprise entre 80°C et 200°C, de préférence entre 100 °C et 150 °C.The invention also relates to the method of manufacturing the molded part of the invention. It includes the steps of: “Cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic fibers, at least one binder, at least one foaming agent, and water are mixed; = The mixture obtained is introduced into a mold; and - The mold is heated to a temperature between 80°C and 200°C, preferably between 100°C and 150°C.
L’étape de mélange peut comprendre le malaxage des composants.The mixing step may include mixing the components.
Les fibres sont de préférences introduites progressivement dansFibers are preferably introduced gradually into
7 BE2022/5638 le mélange pour assurer l’homogénéité de l’humidification des fibres.7 BE2022/5638 the mixture to ensure the homogeneity of the humidification of the fibers.
De préférence, le liant est dissout à froid dans l’eau. Il est possible de travailler à chaud, mais la solution à froid permet des économies d’énergie.Preferably, the binder is dissolved cold in water. It is possible to work hot, but the cold solution saves energy.
Le liant peut comprendre au moins une protéine végétale.The binder may comprise at least one vegetable protein.
L’étape de chauffage permet de figer la structure expansée et de former la croûte présente à la surface de la pièce. Elle permet également d’évacuer une partie voire la quasi-totalité de l’humidité. Une température trop faible peut conduire à la formation de moisissure, au-delà de 200 °C, la pièce est thermiquement dégradée.The heating step freezes the expanded structure and forms the crust present on the surface of the part. It also allows some or even almost all of the humidity to escape. Too low a temperature can lead to the formation of mold; above 200°C, the part is thermally damaged.
Optionnellement, pour des raisons d’économie d’énergie, l’étape de chauffage peut être raccourcie et une étape de séchage peut être ajoutée à la fin du procédé, afin d’obtenir le taux d’humidité désiré dans la pièce. Ce séchage peut être actif, c’est-à-dire en plaçant la pièce dans un séchoir où passe de l’air chaud, ou progressif en appliquant un gradient de température.Optionally, for energy saving reasons, the heating step can be shortened and a drying step can be added at the end of the process, in order to obtain the desired humidity level in the room. This drying can be active, that is to say by placing the part in a dryer where hot air passes, or progressive by applying a temperature gradient.
De préférence, le moule est perforé sur au moins une partie de sa surface pour faciliter l’évacuation de l’humidité, et diminuer d’autant le temps de séchage nécessaire. Les perforations ont n’importe quelle forme et sont par exemple des perforations dont le diamètre est compris entre 1 mm et 5 mn, pour éviter que la composition ne s’échappe du moule.Preferably, the mold is perforated on at least part of its surface to facilitate the evacuation of humidity, and accordingly reduce the necessary drying time. The perforations have any shape and are for example perforations whose diameter is between 1 mm and 5 min, to prevent the composition from escaping from the mold.
Avantageusement, les perforations sont réparties homogènement sur au moins une face du moule.Advantageously, the perforations are distributed homogeneously over at least one face of the mold.
Ces perforations confèrent un relief à la surface de la croute, ce qui confère à cette croute des propriétés d’accroche, par exemple pour des enduits.These perforations give relief to the surface of the crust, which gives this crust adhesion properties, for example for coatings.
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De préférence le moule est un moule fermé, c’est à dire qu’il couvre l’entièreté de la forme. Cela permet d’éviter qu’une portion de la pièce moulée obtenue présente un gonflement incontrôlé. Cela évite les étapes supplémentaires de polissage, ponçage ou refente.Preferably the mold is a closed mold, that is to say it covers the entire shape. This prevents a portion of the molded part obtained from exhibiting uncontrolled swelling. This avoids additional steps of polishing, sanding or reslitting.
Les pièces de Jl’invention peuvent être utilisées pour l’isolation thermique dans des bâtiments, des avions, des véhicules, de composants dans des machines comme des pompes à chaleur ou des climatisations…The parts of the invention can be used for thermal insulation in buildings, planes, vehicles, components in machines such as heat pumps or air conditioning, etc.
Les pièces de l’invention peuvent aussi être utilisées dans la fabrication d’emballages isothermes destinés à transporter des produits frais, froids ou surgelés.The parts of the invention can also be used in the manufacture of insulated packaging intended to transport fresh, cold or frozen products.
Les propriétés mécaniques des pièces permettent également leur utilisation come emballage protecteur par exemple pour transporter des objets fragiles. Les propriétés isothermes et protectrices peuvent d’ailleurs être combinées.The mechanical properties of the parts also allow their use as protective packaging, for example to transport fragile objects. The isothermal and protective properties can also be combined.
La formulation et le procédé de fabrication permet d’ajouter un traitement/agent ignifuge grâce aux propriétés filmogène des liants protéiques.The formulation and manufacturing process makes it possible to add a flame retardant treatment/agent thanks to the film-forming properties of the protein binders.
L’'invention sera mieux comprise à l’aide de la description de plusieurs modes de réalisations détaillés dans les exemples ci- dessous.The invention will be better understood with the help of the description of several embodiments detailed in the examples below.
Exemple 1 - préparation de compositions selon l’inventionExample 1 - preparation of compositions according to the invention
Plusieurs compositions ont été préparés à base de fibres naturelles de différentes origines :Several compositions have been prepared based on natural fibers of different origins:
Ouate de cellulose fournie par Soprema ;Cellulose wadding supplied by Soprema;
Pâte à papier fournie par Smurfit Kappa ; étoupes teillées de lin fournies par Albert Brille (Belgique) ;Paper pulp supplied by Smurfit Kappa; scutched flax tows supplied by Albert Brille (Belgium);
9 BE2022/5638 fibres de bois Thermofibres fournies par GUTEX (Allemagne) ; fibres coupées de lin (Linum usitatissimum), jute (Corchorus capsularis), cocos (Cocos nucifera), kénaf (Hibiscus cannabinus)9 BE2022/5638 wood fibers Thermofibres supplied by GUTEX (Germany); chopped flax fibers (Linum usitatissimum), jute (Corchorus capsularis), coconuts (Cocos nucifera), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus)
Le diamètre des fibres est compris en 10 um et 200 um.The diameter of the fibers is included in 10 um and 200 um.
La longueur des fibres est ici comprise en 100 um et plusieurs millimètres, jusque 8 mm, les équipements utilisés étant ici des équipements de laboratoire. Des équipements industriels pourraient toutefois permettre le malaxage de fibres plus longues.The length of the fibers here is between 100 um and several millimeters, up to 8 mm, the equipment used here being laboratory equipment. Industrial equipment could, however, allow the mixing of longer fibers.
Les Jliants utilisés dans ces compositions sont un isolat protéique de pois (IPP) fourni par Cosucra (Be), de l’amidon modifié (Tackidex I123) choisi pour sa bonne solubilité à froid et fourni par Ravago-Roquette (Fr).The binders used in these compositions are a pea protein isolate (IPP) supplied by Cosucra (Be), modified starch (Tackidex I123) chosen for its good cold solubility and supplied by Ravago-Roquette (Fr).
L’agent moussant utilisé est du Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SDS) fourni par Sigma.The foaming agent used is Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SDS) supplied by Sigma.
Les fibres sont ajoutées progressivement à une solution à température ambiante contenant le ou les liants et l’agent moussants dissout.The fibers are gradually added to a solution at room temperature containing the binder(s) and the dissolved foaming agent.
Les compositions réalisées sont reprises dans le tableau 1. % ref fibre fibre amidon | %IPP % SDS % eau totalThe compositions produced are shown in Table 1. % ref fiber fiber starch | %IPP % SDS % total water
A176 lin | 13,04% | 0,00% | 6,06% | 0,07% | 80,83% | 100,00%A176 linen | 13.04% | 0.00% | 6.06% | 0.07% | 80.83% | 100.00%
A186 lin | 11,37% | 0,00% | 6,14% | 0,07% | 82,42% | 100,00%A186 linen | 11.37% | 0.00% | 6.14% | 0.07% | 82.42% | 100.00%
B160 lin | 15,17% | 3,03% | 3,03% | 0,65% | 78,11% | 100,00%B160 linen | 15.17% | 3.03% | 3.03% | 0.65% | 78.11% | 100.00%
B162 lin | 19:11% | 3,06% | 2,58% | 0,72% | 74,53% | 100,00%B162 linen | 19:11% | 3.06% | 2.58% | 0.72% | 74.53% | 100.00%
B184 lin | 18,89% | 3,12% | 2,55% | 0,80% | 74,63% | 100,00%B184 linen | 18.89% | 3.12% | 2.55% | 0.80% | 74.63% | 100.00%
B196 lin | 14,25% | 0,00% 5,70% | 0,28% | 79,77% | 100,00% cao in | 16,64% | 6,66% | 0,00% | 1,00% | 75,71% | 100,00%B196 linen | 14.25% | 0.00% 5.70% | 0.28% | 79.77% | 100.00% CAD in | 16.64% | 6.66% | 0.00% | 1.00% | 75.71% | 100.00%
C86 lin | 21,41% | 0,00% | 8,57% | 0,43% | 69,59% | 100,00%C86 linen | 21.41% | 0.00% | 8.57% | 0.43% | 69.59% | 100.00%
A84b lin | 14,68% | 0,00% | 5,87% | 0,18% | 79,27% | 100,00% 687 lin | 15,50% | 0,00% | 5,43% | 1,55% | 77,52% | 100,00%A84b linen | 14.68% | 0.00% | 5.87% | 0.18% | 79.27% | 100.00% 687 linen | 15.50% | 0.00% | 5.43% | 1.55% | 77.52% | 100.00%
10 BE2022/563810 BE2022/5638
A194 lin /coco 2/1 11,43% 0,00% 6,17% 0,07% | 82,32% | 100,00%A194 linen/coconut 2/1 11.43% 0.00% 6.17% 0.07% | 82.32% | 100.00%
A182 lin /coco 2/1 11,43% 6,17% 0,00% 0,07% | 82,32% | 100,00%A182 linen/coconut 2/1 11.43% 6.17% 0.00% 0.07% | 82.32% | 100.00%
A184 lin /coco 3/1 14,68% 5,95% 0,00% 0,07% | 79,30% | 100,00% 17,18% | 0,00% 5,15% | 0,34% | 77,32% | 100,00%A184 linen/coconut 3/1 14.68% 5.95% 0.00% 0.07% | 79.30% | 100.00% 17.18% | 0.00% 5.15% | 0.34% | 77.32% | 100.00%
C118 17,35% | 0,00% | 5,20% | 0,26% | 77,19% | 100,00%C118 17.35% | 0.00% | 5.20% | 0.26% | 77.19% | 100.00%
C128 17,62% | 0,00% 5,29% | 0,44% | 76,65% | 100,00%C128 17.62% | 0.00% 5.29% | 0.44% | 76.65% | 100.00%
C178 17,64% | 2,65% | 2,65% | 0,32% | 76,75% | 100,00%C178 17.64% | 2.65% | 2.65% | 0.32% | 76.75% | 100.00%
A192 13,04% | 0,00% | 6,06% | 0,07% | 80,83% | 100,00%A192 13.04% | 0.00% | 6.06% | 0.07% | 80.83% | 100.00%
A196 lin/jute 1/1 13,03% 0,00% 6,06% 0,13% | 80,78% | 100,00%A196 linen/jute 1/1 13.03% 0.00% 6.06% 0.13% | 80.78% | 100.00%
A198 13,04% | 0,00% | 6,06% | 0,07% | 80,83% | 100,00%A198 13.04% | 0.00% | 6.06% | 0.07% | 80.83% | 100.00%
A200 lin/kenaf 1/1 13,04% 0,00% 6,06% 0,07% | 80,83% | 100,00%A200 lin/kenaf 1/1 13.04% 0.00% 6.06% 0.07% | 80.83% | 100.00%
G110b 17,86% | 0,00% | 4,46% | 1,79% | 75,89% | 100,00%G110b 17.86% | 0.00% | 4.46% | 1.79% | 75.89% | 100.00%
Tableau 1.Table 1.
Exemple 2 - procédé de fabrication de pièces sous formes de plaquesExample 2 - process for manufacturing parts in the form of plates
Des plaques de 40*35*4 cm ont été préparées en plusieurs étapes successives, avec les compositions listées dans le tableau 1.Plates measuring 40*35*4 cm were prepared in several successive steps, with the compositions listed in Table 1.
Dans une première étape les fibres de bois lignocellulosiques (220 g) sont ajoutées en malaxant sous agitation lente à une solution aqueuse (920 g) contenant les protéines (33 g) et l’amidon (33 g) préalablement solubilisés dans l’eau.In a first step, the lignocellulosic wood fibers (220 g) are added by kneading with slow stirring to an aqueous solution (920 g) containing the proteins (33 g) and starch (33 g) previously dissolved in water.
L’agent moussant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4 g) solubilisé dans 70 grammes d’eau est ensuite ajouté et le mélange agité.The foaming agent (sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4 g) dissolved in 70 grams of water is then added and the mixture stirred.
Le mélange expansé est ensuite entièrement transvasé dans le moule perforé de 40*35*4 cm qui est ensuite placé à 110 °C pendant 6 à 8h, jusqu’à obtention d’une masse constante.The expanded mixture is then completely transferred into the 40*35*4 cm perforated mold which is then placed at 110°C for 6 to 8 hours, until a constant mass is obtained.
Exemple 3 — caractérisation des plaques obtenuesExample 3 — characterization of the plates obtained
La densité et la conductivité des plaques fabriquées à partir des différentes compositions ont été mesurées selon les méthodes suivantes.The density and conductivity of the plates made from the different compositions were measured according to the following methods.
11 BE2022/563811 BE2022/5638
La densité des matériaux secs a été calculée en divisant leur poids par leur volume.The density of dry materials was calculated by dividing their weight by their volume.
La conductivité thermique des matériaux a été déterminée en utilisant un conductimètre NEOTIM FP2C (ALBI, France) par la méthode de fil chaud fournie par le fabricant. Cette méthode permet d’estimer la conductivité thermique d’un matériau à partir de l’évolution de la température mesurée par un thermocouple placé à proximité d’un fil résistif. Les mesures ont été réalisées sur les plaques d’échantillons d’au moins 60x40 mm, et d’au moins 20 mm d’épaisseur. Les valeurs indiquées présentent une moyenne d’au moins 4 mesures, avec une incertitude de l’ordre de 5%.The thermal conductivity of the materials was determined using a NEOTIM FP2C conductivity meter (ALBI, France) by the hot wire method provided by the manufacturer. This method makes it possible to estimate the thermal conductivity of a material from the change in temperature measured by a thermocouple placed near a resistive wire. The measurements were carried out on sample plates of at least 60x40 mm, and at least 20 mm thick. The values indicated present an average of at least 4 measurements, with an uncertainty of around 5%.
Des échantillons commerciaux ont également été évalués pour comparer leurs performances dans les mêmes conditions de mesure.Commercial samples were also evaluated to compare their performance under the same measurement conditions.
Les résultats sont rassemblés dans le tableau 2. plaque obtenue à partir de la composition: densité (kg/m?) | conductivité (W/m.K)The results are collected in table 2. plate obtained from the composition: density (kg/m?) | conductivity (W/m.K)
A176 0,051 + 0,001A176 0.051 + 0.001
A186 0,05 + 0,001A186 0.05 + 0.001
B160 0,043 + 0,002B160 0.043 + 0.002
B162 0,044 + 0,003B162 0.044 + 0.003
B196 0,047 + 0,002B196 0.047 + 0.002
A84b 0,052 + 0,001A84b 0.052 + 0.001
A194 0,047 + 0,003A194 0.047 + 0.003
A182 0,047 + 0,003A182 0.047 + 0.003
A184 0,048 + 0,003 0,044 + 0,002A184 0.048 + 0.003 0.044 + 0.002
C118 0,045 + 0,002C118 0.045 + 0.002
C128 0,045 + 0,002C128 0.045 + 0.002
C178 0,046 + 0,002C178 0.046 + 0.002
A192 0,053 + 0,004A192 0.053 + 0.004
A196 0,048 + 0,001A196 0.048 + 0.001
A198 0,059 + 0,001A198 0.059 + 0.001
A200 0,058 + 0,001 0,040 + 0,001A200 0.058 + 0.001 0.040 + 0.001
G110b 0,052 + 0,004G110b 0.052 + 0.004
Isolants CommerciauxCommercial Insulators
Laine de verre (IRRM-440) 0,038 + 0,001Glass wool (IRRM-440) 0.038 + 0.001
12 BE2022/563812 BE2022/5638
Isolant Souple Chanvre (Thermo Hanf) 38 0,051 + 0,001Flexible Hemp Insulation (Thermo Hanf) 38 0.051 + 0.001
Isolant Souple Chanvre (Naturtherm) 0,051 + 0,001Flexible Hemp Insulation (Naturtherm) 0.051 + 0.001
Isolant Souple Fibres Bois Thermoflex (GUTEX) 50 0,051 + 0,001Flexible Thermoflex Wood Fiber Insulation (GUTEX) 50 0.051 + 0.001
Isolant Ouate de Cellulose (Soprema) 0,049 + 0,001Cellulose Wadding Insulation (Soprema) 0.049 + 0.001
Tableau 2.Table 2.
Les plaques formées selon l’invention permettent d’obtenir des propriétés de densité et conductivité thermique comparables aux solutions souples naturelles ou minérales existantes. Elles sont cependant rigides et entièrement biosourcées ainsi que totalement biodégradables. Les plaques de l’inventions peuvent être travaillées et enduites pour des utilisations en constructions.The plates formed according to the invention make it possible to obtain density and thermal conductivity properties comparable to existing natural or mineral flexible solutions. However, they are rigid and entirely biosourced as well as completely biodegradable. The plates of the invention can be worked and coated for use in construction.
Elles peuvent également être moulées avec une forme spécifique, pour une multitude d’applications incluant des emballages ou des pièces d’isolations particulières, par exemple pour l’aéronautique, des pompes à chaleur ou climatiseurs...They can also be molded with a specific shape, for a multitude of applications including packaging or specific insulation parts, for example for aeronautics, heat pumps or air conditioners, etc.
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US20040231916A1 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2004-11-25 | United States Gypsum Company | Acoustical panel comprising interlocking matrix of set gypsum and method for making same |
EP1596361A2 (en) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-16 | IGV Institut für Getreideverarbeitung GmbH | Molded soundproof material and method of manufacture |
DE202007002288U1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-03-20 | Igv Institut Für Getreideverarbeitung Gmbh | Shaped soundproofing material with fire-retardant equipment |
US20100330312A1 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2010-12-30 | Sig Technology Ag | Device and a method for compression moulding of a fibre tray |
US20140220130A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2014-08-07 | Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S | Device For Promotion Of Hemostasis And/or Wound Healing |
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JP7498881B2 (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2024-06-13 | ストラ エンソ オーイーユィ | Porous materials of cellulose fibers and gluten |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20040231916A1 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2004-11-25 | United States Gypsum Company | Acoustical panel comprising interlocking matrix of set gypsum and method for making same |
EP1596361A2 (en) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-16 | IGV Institut für Getreideverarbeitung GmbH | Molded soundproof material and method of manufacture |
DE202007002288U1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-03-20 | Igv Institut Für Getreideverarbeitung Gmbh | Shaped soundproofing material with fire-retardant equipment |
US20100330312A1 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2010-12-30 | Sig Technology Ag | Device and a method for compression moulding of a fibre tray |
US20140220130A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2014-08-07 | Ferrosan Medical Devices A/S | Device For Promotion Of Hemostasis And/or Wound Healing |
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