AU2021104912A4 - Method for Recovering Gold from Auriferous Tailings - Google Patents
Method for Recovering Gold from Auriferous Tailings Download PDFInfo
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- AU2021104912A4 AU2021104912A4 AU2021104912A AU2021104912A AU2021104912A4 AU 2021104912 A4 AU2021104912 A4 AU 2021104912A4 AU 2021104912 A AU2021104912 A AU 2021104912A AU 2021104912 A AU2021104912 A AU 2021104912A AU 2021104912 A4 AU2021104912 A4 AU 2021104912A4
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- gold
- auriferous
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/08—Obtaining noble metals by cyaniding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/025—Precious metal ores
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings, which belongs
to the technical field of beneficiation. The method includes the following steps: grinding the
auriferous tailings, and then adding reagents to perform flotation to obtain gold concentrate;
the gold concentrate obtained undergoes oxidizing roasting-cyanide leaching to obtain gold;
the present invention first performs flotation of auriferous tailings, and confines the flotation
process to a closed circuit of one roughing-two sweepings-two beneficiations. The flotation
process obtains gold concentrate with high grade, high gold recovery rate and low Cu content.
And then oxidizing roasting-cyanide leaching is performed on the obtained gold concentrate,
so that the gold leaching rate can be as high as 70%, which greatly improves the comprehensive
recovery rate of gold in low-grade auriferous tailings.
1/2
crudeore
reagent dosage: g/t -0074mm 95%
.3 X sodiumcarbonate500
3 sodiumhexametaPhosphate50
3' copper sulfate 75
3' sodiumisoamylxanthate +ammoniumdibutyldithiophosphate 80+40
terpenic oil 40
roughing
4 3 sodiumcarbonate250
3 X sodiumhexameaPhosphate25
copper sulfate 35
sodium isoamnylanthate i ammoniumdibutyl
I dithiophosphate40+20
1 terpenic oil 20
beneficiation I sweeping I
2' 2' sodiumisoamyLxanthate+ammoniumdibutyl
3' dithiophosphate40+20
1 ' terpenic oil 10
beneficiation F n wepnI
tailingsafter concentrate sweepingLI
3.tter e 30
2' beneficiation I sweeping I 30
I
concentrate tailings after beneficiationH concentrateaftersweeping I tailings
Figure 1
Description
1/2
crudeore
reagent dosage: g/t -0074mm 95%
.3 X sodiumcarbonate500 3 sodiumhexametaPhosphate50 3' copper sulfate 75 3' sodiumisoamylxanthate +ammoniumdibutyldithiophosphate 80+40 terpenic oil 40 roughing
4 3 sodiumcarbonate250 3 X sodiumhexameaPhosphate25 copper sulfate 35 sodium isoamnylanthate i ammoniumdibutyl I dithiophosphate40+20 1 terpenic oil 20 beneficiation I sweeping I
2' 2' sodiumisoamyLxanthate+ammoniumdibutyl 3' dithiophosphate40+20 1' terpenic oil 10 beneficiation F n wepnI tailingsafter concentrate sweepingLI 3.tter e 30 2' beneficiation I sweeping I 30 I
concentrate tailings after beneficiationH concentrateaftersweeping I tailings
Figure 1
Method for Recovering Gold from Auriferous Tailings
The invention belongs to the technical field of beneficiation, and specifically relates to a
method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings.
Refractory gold ore refers to a gold ore with a gold leaching rate of less than 80% after
being finely ground and directly subjected to conventional cyanidation leaching. It has
the characteristics of fine gold-loaded mineral particles, high content of harmful
impurities, and a high proportion of coated gold. Refractory gold ore includes sulfide ore,
carbonaceous ore and telluride ore. Among them, the sulfide minerals have a relatively
fine particle size, and the gold is wrapped in the sulfide in the form of particles. The gold
cannot be directly contacted with the leaching agent during leaching, and the gold cannot
be exposed even if the conventional crushing and grinding process is used. In addition,
the sulfide in contact with gold will dissolve and passivate the gold anode and reduce its
dissolution rate. Part of the sulfide ore will also interact with the leaching agent, resulting
in excessive consumption of the leaching agent. Carbonaceous substances (such as
graphite and organic carbon) in carbonaceous gold mines are easy to adsorb gold-cyanide
complexes during the gold leaching process, resulting in a phenomenon of "gold
robbery", resulting in a low gold leaching rate. Telluride minerals are minerals that are
formed caused by occurrence of isomorphism in nature due to the similar chemical
properties of tellurium and gold, silver elements, and they have a variety of types and
complex phases in nature. In addition, some auriferous minerals in telluride ore dissolve
slowly or even are insoluble in the leaching agent. Because the direct leaching of refractory gold ore cannot obtain a higher leaching rate, there are currently the following two main processes for the recovery of refractory gold ore: One is to first perform the beneficiation treatment on it, so that part of the coated gold and native gold can achieve better concentration. However, this process has complex flow processes and lower comprehensive gold recovery; the other is to adopt some physical and chemical methods for pretreatment to eliminate the effect of harmful impurities in the ore on cyanide leaching; alternatively, the physical package formed by the minerals in the ore is to be destroyed so that the gold is exposed to leading agent, thereby increasing the leaching rate. However, these technologies have problems such as high cost and long cycle.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention
provides a method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings.
In order to achieve the objectives above, the present invention provides the following
technical solutions:
A method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings comprises the following steps:
grinding the auriferous tailings, then adding reagents, and performing flotation to obtain
gold concentrate; Oxidizing roasting-cyanide leaching to obtain gold; the flotation adopts
a closed-circuit flotation method of one roughing-two sweepings-two beneficiations.
Preferably, the gold minerals in the auriferous tailings are calaverite, petzite, auriferous
hessite, native gold and electrum; the gangue minerals in the auriferous tailings include
quartz, feldspar, mica and calcite.
Preferably, the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm which accounts for 95%.
Grinding fineness is one of the main factors affecting gold flotation recovery. When the
grinding fineness -0.074 mm accounting for 80% to 95%, the gold recovery rate increases
rapidly with the increase of the grinding fineness. When the fineness is -0.074 mm
accounting for 95%, a crude gold concentrate with high gold grade and gold recovery rate
can be obtained. When the grinding fineness continues to increase to -0.074 mm 98%, the
gold recovery rate shows a decreasing trend. Out of comprehensive consideration, the
appropriate grinding fineness for flotation is -0.074 mm 95% is determined.
Preferably, the reagents used in the roughing and the first sweeping are sodium carbonate,
sodium hexametaPhosphate, copper sulfate, sodium isoamylxanthate, ammonium dibutyl
dithiophosphate and terpenic oil, and the reagents used in the second sweeping are
sodium isoamyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black medicine and terpenic oil.
Preferably, the amount of the reagents used in the roughing is as follows: 500 g/t of
sodium carbonate, 50 g/t of sodium hexametaPhosphate, 75 g/t of copper sulfate, 80 g/t of
sodium isoamylxanthate, 40 g/t of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and 40 g/t of
terpenic oil; the amount of the reagents used in the first sweeping is 250 g/t of sodium
carbonate, 25 g/t of sodium hexametahosPhate, 35 g/t of copper sulfate, 40 g/t of sodium
isoamylxanthate, 20 g/t of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and 20 g/t of terpenic oil;
the amount of the reagents used in the second sweeping is 20 g/t of sodium
isoamylxanthate, 10 g/t of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and 10 g/t of terpenic oil.
Using sodium carbonate, sodium hexametaPhosphate, copper sulfate, sodium
isoamylxanthate, ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and terpenic oil as the reagents for
roughing and first sweeping can effectively realize the effective separation of gold minerals gold minerals and other gangue minerals in the tailings, thereby improving the grade and recovery rate of gold in the obtained gold concentrate.
Preferably, the specific conditions for the oxidizing roasting-cyanide leaching are as
follows: oxidizing roasting temperature is 750°C; roasting time is 60 min; calcine fitness
is -0.037mm accounting for 85%; pulp concentration is 33%; pulp pH is 10.5; sodium
cyanide dosage 10 kg/t, leaching time is 24 h.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
The present invention firstly performs flotation of auriferous tailings, and limits the
flotation process to a closed-circuit flotation process of one roughing-two sweepings-two
beneficiations, to obtain the gold concentrate with higher grades, higher gold recovery
low Cu content. Then the obtained gold concentrate is subjected to oxidizing roasting
cyanide leaching so that the gold leaching rate can be as high as 70%, and the
comprehensive recovery rate of gold in the low-grade auriferous tailings is greatly
improved.
In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in
the prior art more clearly, the figures needed in the embodiments will be briefly
introduced below. Obviously, the figures in the following description are only some
embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the field, without
creative work, other figures can be obtained based on these figures.
Figure 1 is a flow chart of the open-circuit flotation process of Embodiment 1;
Figure 2 is a flow chart of the oxidizing roasting-cyanide leaching of gold concentrate in
Embodiment 1.
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail.
The detailed description should not be considered as a limitation to the present invention,
but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics,
and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms
described in the present invention are only used to describe specific embodiments and are
not used to limit the present invention.
In the following embodiments, in the auriferous tailings which is adopted, the Au content
is 0.86 g/t. The gold minerals are mainly are calaverite, petzite, auriferous hessite,
followed by native gold and electrum; the silver minerals in the auriferous tailings are
mainly hessite, followed by silverite, native silver, polybasite and alaskaite; the sulfide
minerals in the auriferous tailings are mainly pyrite, followed by a small amount of
sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, etc.; metal oxide minerals in auriferous tailings are
mainly limonite, magnetite, etc.; gangue minerals in auriferous tailings are mainly quartz
and feldspar, followed by mica, calcite, etc.; the main chemical composition and content
of auriferous tailings are shown in Table 1; the mineral composition and relative content
of auriferous tailings are shown in Table 2; the quantitative distribution of Au in different
gold minerals in auriferous tailings is shown in Table 3;
Table 1
Chemical Au (g/t Ag (g/t) Pb Zn Cu Fe S As composition )
Content (%) 0.86 8.21 0.12 0.38 0.16 9.29 8.44 <0.005 Chemical SiO 2 A1 20 3 CaO MgO K2 0 Na 20 C composition Content (%) 53.70 14.15 2.63 1.95 3.62 0.95 0.53 -
Table 2
Mineral Content(%) Mineral content(%) composition composition Pyrite 15.31 Quartz 34.50
Arsenopyrite 0.06 Feldspar 16.80
Chalcopyrite 0.46 Mica 14.50
Galena 0.13 Chlorite 10.30
Sphalerite 0.55 Calcite 5.40
Limonite 0.60 Other minerals 0.84
Magnetite 0.55 Total 100.00
Table 3
Gold Calaverite Petzite Auriferous Electrum Native Total minerals hessite gold Area 9.21 60.89 2.99 17.59 9.32 100.00 distrbution rate (%) proportion 9.21 9.05 9.05 15.60 16.95
Mass 7.74 50.31 2.47 25.05 14.43 100.00 distribution rate (%) The description will not be repeated below.
Embodiment 1 (1) Grinding the auriferous tailings to a fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 95%, and
then carrying out the obtained minerals: adding 500 g of sodium carbonate, 50 g of
sodium hexametaPhosphate, and 75 g of copper sulfate ,80 g sodium isoamylxanthate, 40
g of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and 40 g of terpenic oil to each ton of auriferous
tailings for one roughing. The crude concentrate obtained from the roughing underwent
beneficiations twice to obtain a concentrate. At the same time, the followings were added:
250 g of sodium carbonate, 25 g of sodium hexametaPhosphate, and 35 g of copper
sulfate ,40 g sodium isoamylxanthate, 20 g of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and 20
g of terpenic oil to each ton of auriferous tailings for the first sweeping, and the first
sweeping concentrate (referred to as "concentrate after sweeping I ") and tailings were
obtained. "Fine"). 20 g of sodium isoamylxanthate, 10 g of ammonium dibutyl
dithiophosphate and 10 g of terpenic oil were added to each ton of sweeping tailings
obtained for the second sweeping process to obtain the second sweeping concentrate
(referred to as "concentrate after sweeping II ") and tailings.
The open-circuit flotation flow chart of the above-mentioned one roughing -two
sweepings-two beneficiations is shown in Figure 1, and the results obtained by using the
open flotation process are shown in Table 4:
Table 4
Resulting Yield Gold grade Gold recovery rate(%) outcome (%) (g/t) Concentrate 12.36 5.30 77.07
Tailings after 0.81 2.84 2.71 Beneficiation II
Tailings after 4.12 1.40 6.63 beneficiation I Concentrate after 5.76 1.00 6.78 sweeping I Concentrate after 3.99 0.36 1.69 Sweeping II
Tailings 72.96 0.06 5.12
Crudes 100.00 0.85 100.00
It can be seen from Table 4 that through the open-circuit flotation process of "one
roughing-two sweepings-two beneficiations", a gold concentrate with a yield of 12.36%,
a gold grade of 5.30 g/t, and a gold recovery rate of 77.07% can be obtained.
Further, by adopting the closed-circuit process of "one roughing-two sweepings-two
beneficiations", a gold concentrate with a yield rate of 14.23%, a gold grade of 5.21 g/t,
and a gold recovery rate of 86.21% was obtained; At the same time, the Cu content in the
gold concentrate which was obtained is 1.09%; the Pb content is 0.66%, and the Zn
content is 1.82%. The Cu content in the gold concentrate is relatively low, which
effectively avoids the adverse effects on subsequent cyanide leaching of gold due to the
high Cu content in the gold concentrate.
(2) The gold concentrate obtained by the closed-circuit flotation underwent oxidiziing
roasting-cyanide leaching to recover the gold. The specific conditions of oxidizing
roasting-cyanide leaching are: oxidizing roasting temperature is 750°C; roasting time is
min; calcine fineness is -0.037mm 85%; pulp concentration is 33%; pulp pH is 10.5;
sodium cyanide dosage is10 kg/t; leaching time is 24 h. A flow chart of oxidizing
roasting-cyanide leaching is shown in Figure 2. After oxidizing roasting-cyanide
leaching, the leaching rate of gold is 73.76%.
Comparative example 1
The method of recovering gold from auriferous tailings is as follows:
(1) Flotation of auriferous tailings is carried out with the same closed-circuit flotation
process of one roughing-two sweepings-two beneficiations as in step (1) of Embodiment
1, and the same reagents used in the process are implemented as Embodiment 1;
(2) Cyanide leaching the gold concentrate obtained in step (1) flotation. The specific
method is: adding water to the gold concentrate to obtain a slurry with a concentration of
33%, adding lime to adjust the slurry pH to 10.5, and adding sodium cyanide to the slurry
on the basis of 10 kg/t, then carrying ou the leaching for 24 h. After completion, the gold
leaching rate measured is 41.6%.
The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, and the
scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. For any person familiar
with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention,
equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and the inventive
concept of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present
invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings, characterized in that it
comprises the following steps: grinding the auriferous tailings, then adding reagents, and
performing flotation to obtain gold concentrate; oxidizing roasting-cyanide leaching to
obtain gold;
The flotation adopts a closed-circuit flotation method of one roughing-two sweepings
two beneficiations.
2. The method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings according to claim 1, wherein
the gold minerals in the auriferous tailings are calaverite, petzite, auriferous hessite,
native gold and electrum; the gangue minerals in the auriferous tailings include quartz,
feldspar, mica and calcite.
3. The method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings according to claim 1, wherein
the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm which accounts for 95%.
4. The method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings according to claim 1, wherein
the reagents used in the roughing and the first sweeping are sodium carbonate, sodium
hexametaPhosphate, copper sulfate, sodium isoamylxanthate, ammonium dibutyl
dithiophosphate and terpenic oil, and the reagents used in the second sweeping are
sodium isoamyl xanthate, ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and terpenic oil.
5. The method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings according to claim 4,
characterized in that the amount of the reagents used in the roughing is as follows: 500 g/t
of sodium carbonate, 50 g/t of sodium hexametaPhosphate, 75 g/t of copper sulfate, 80 g/t
of sodium isoamylxanthate, 40 g/t of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and 40 g/t of
terpenic oil.
6. The method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings according to claim 4,
characterized in that the amount of the reagents used in the first sweeping is 250 g/t of
sodium carbonate, 25 g/t of sodium hexametahosPhate, 35 g/t of copper sulfate, 40 g/t of
sodium isoamylxanthate, 20 g/t of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and 20 g/t of
terpenic oil.
7. The method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings according to claim 4,
characterized in that the amount of the reagents used in the second sweeping is 20 g/t of
sodium isoamylxanthate, 10 g/t of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and 10 g/t of
terpenic oil.
8. The method for recovering gold from auriferous tailings tailings according to claim 1,
wherein the specific conditions for the oxidizing roasting-cyanide leaching are: oxidizing
roasting temperature is 750°C; roasting time is 60 min; calcine fitness is -0.037mm
accounting for 85%; pulp concentration is 33%; pulp pH is 10.5; sodium cyanide dosage
kg/t, leaching time is 24 h.
Figure 1 1/2
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115261635A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-01 | 西安矿源有色冶金研究院有限公司 | Comprehensive recycling method of high-grade multi-element gold concentrate |
CN115672558A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-02-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recovering zinc oxide ore by full-size-fraction enhanced vulcanization-classification flotation |
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2021
- 2021-08-04 AU AU2021104912A patent/AU2021104912A4/en active Active
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115261635A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-01 | 西安矿源有色冶金研究院有限公司 | Comprehensive recycling method of high-grade multi-element gold concentrate |
CN115261635B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2024-01-16 | 西安矿源有色冶金研究院有限公司 | Comprehensive recycling method for high-grade multi-element gold concentrate |
CN115672558A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-02-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recovering zinc oxide ore by full-size-fraction enhanced vulcanization-classification flotation |
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