CN113976307B - Flotation separation method of lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate and zinc blende inhibitor thereof - Google Patents
Flotation separation method of lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate and zinc blende inhibitor thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113976307B CN113976307B CN202111260509.6A CN202111260509A CN113976307B CN 113976307 B CN113976307 B CN 113976307B CN 202111260509 A CN202111260509 A CN 202111260509A CN 113976307 B CN113976307 B CN 113976307B
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- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenezinc Chemical compound [Zn]=S WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052949 galena Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical group [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(S)=S TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical group CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QBILQWNTFUSQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound [Na].O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 QBILQWNTFUSQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IRDQNLLVRXMERV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC[Na] Chemical compound CCCC[Na] IRDQNLLVRXMERV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O butylazanium Chemical compound CCCC[NH3+] HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- AEOCXXJPGCBFJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethionamide Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(N)=S)=CC=N1 AEOCXXJPGCBFJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960002001 ethionamide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001656 zinc mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- RIZMRRKBZQXFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethion Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)SCSP(=S)(OCC)OCC RIZMRRKBZQXFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 4
- YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferricyanide Chemical compound [Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 sodium cyanurates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- OQOGEOLRYAOSKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloro-1-nitroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)[N+]([O-])=O OQOGEOLRYAOSKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000012733 comparative method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- VUNJVVRGYQSNQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC[Zn] Chemical compound CCCC[Zn] VUNJVVRGYQSNQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GGLZPLKKBSSKCX-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-ethionine Chemical compound CCSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O GGLZPLKKBSSKCX-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004699 copper complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007420 reactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001234 toxic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flotation separation method of lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate and a zinc blende inhibitor thereof, wherein the zinc blende inhibitor is a composition of calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbo-cyanite, and the mass ratio is 1: 2-4, the inhibitor composition can have strong inhibition effect on sphalerite. The invention also provides a flotation separation method of the refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore, which comprises the steps of carrying out ore grinding grading treatment and slurry mixing on the refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore, adding a sphalerite activating agent, a flotation collector and a foaming agent, carrying out aeration flotation, then carrying out regrinding and thickening to obtain thick underflow of lead-zinc mixed concentrate, and adding a sphalerite inhibitor and a galena collector for flotation separation; the separated lead rough concentrate is inhibited by sphalerite and repeatedly refined to obtain lead concentrate, and the separated lead rough tailings are added with galena collecting agents for repeatedly lead scavenging to obtain zinc concentrate, so that economic and efficient separation and enrichment of lead zinc sulfide ores difficult to separate are realized, and the method has wide industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mineral processing, and particularly provides a flotation separation method of lead zinc sulfide ores difficult to separate and a zinc blende inhibitor thereof.
Background
Lead zinc metal is widely applied to various industries, is an important mineral resource in China, lead zinc sulfide ore is a main mineral raw material in lead zinc smelting industry at home and abroad currently, china has been the major country for producing lead and zinc metal and the major country for consumption, and is an important way for improving the development level of lead zinc metal industry in China by strengthening the lead zinc flotation separation effect of lead zinc sulfide ore, improving the comprehensive recovery rate of associated noble metal, reducing the beneficiation cost and the like in order to meet the increasing demands of lead zinc metal in China.
Compared with foreign lead-zinc sulfide ores, the lead-zinc sulfide ore deposit in China has the outstanding characteristics of more lean ores, less easy ore dressing, low lead, high zinc content and the like, so that the lead-zinc sulfide ore mine in China is generally treated by adopting a preferential flotation process of floating lead and inhibiting zinc. The process has high maturity and wide production application range, and has good application effect on the lead zinc sulfide ores which are easy to select and have a coarse granularity and weak mutual embedding relation in the process of galena and sphalerite embedding. However, with the development and utilization of the lead-zinc sulfide ores easy to select, when the conventional lead-zinc floatation process is adopted to treat the lead-zinc sulfide ores difficult to select, which are in compact dip dyeing and fine vein dip dyeing, the problems of poor lead-zinc separation effect, high zinc content in lead concentrate, large zinc sulfate consumption, high ore dressing cost caused by the necessity of fine grinding in the lead-zinc floatation process for realizing the sufficient separation of lead-zinc minerals, and the like exist, the influencing factors of lead-zinc separation difficulty include whether the principle flow is proper or not, the selectivity of a lead mineral collector, the inhibitor of zinc minerals and the like,
in recent years, domestic ore dressing workers have studied more in lead zinc ore, and have quite abundant achievements, for example, patent CN109174467a provides a combined medicament for inhibiting zinc ore by adopting ferricyanide and zinc sulfate, and the inhibitor can effectively improve the inhibiting effect on sphalerite, but ferricyanide can decompose extremely toxic hydrocyanic acid under the irradiation of light or ultraviolet light, so that the medicament is not beneficial to storage and use, and ferricyanide can remain in waste liquid after use, so that the environment is polluted, and the treatment difficulty is increased. Patent CN112246443a also provides a zinc blende combined inhibitor using copper sulfate and pectin to strengthen the inhibiting effect on zinc blende, but there are problems that the copper sulfate usage is too large, the zinc blende strongly inhibited by the combined inhibitor needs to be continuously added with a large amount of copper sulfate to realize reactivation, and the excessive copper sulfate has hidden trouble of exceeding standard of heavy metal ions on flotation wastewater, and the inhibiting effect on zinc blende is limited, the grinding fineness needs to be increased in the grinding step, and the grinding cost is higher.
Therefore, in order to improve the resource utilization rate of the lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to be separated, strengthen the inhibiting effect on the sphalerite, reduce the cost of lead zinc separation, reduce the pollution of the ore separation process to the environment, and develop a novel lead zinc sulfide sphalerite inhibitor difficult to be separated and a novel lead zinc sulfide ore flotation separation method are necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a flotation separation method of lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate and a zinc blende inhibitor thereof, which combines calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbo-isocyanurate into a novel zinc blende inhibitor, wherein the inhibitor combination can strongly inhibit the occurrence of zinc blende, and free CN can not be generated in ore pulp due to the stable complexation of the inhibitor - The inhibitor has no pollution to the environment basically, optimizes and improves the separation method of the lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate, improves the resource utilization rate of the lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate, reduces the ore dressing cost, reduces the influence on the environment, and has wide industrial application prospect for ore dressing.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a sphalerite inhibitor for flotation separation of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores, wherein the sphalerite inhibitor is a composition of calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbo-isocyanurate, and the mass ratio of the calcium hypochlorite to the sodium carbo-isocyanurate composition is 1:2 to 4, the chemical formula of the carbonized sodium cyanuric acid is Na 3 (CN) 3 C 3 H 3 N 6 O 3 。
Based on a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out grinding and grading treatment on lead-zinc sulfide ore difficult to be separated to obtain ore pulp to be treated, conveying the ore pulp to be treated to a flotation machine, adding an ore pulp regulator to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to be weak alkaline, sequentially adding a zinc blende activating agent, a flotation collector and a foaming agent, and then carrying out aerated flotation to obtain lead-zinc mixed concentrate and mixed flotation tailings, wherein the lead-zinc mixed concentrate is reserved, and the mixed flotation tailings are discarded;
s2, adding clear water into the lead-zinc mixed concentrate produced in the step S1 to carry out slurry mixing, and then carrying out regrinding operation, wherein regrinding fineness is-0.026 mm and accounts for 85% -90%;
s3, concentrating the regrind material produced in the step S2 by using a concentration hopper or a thickener, wherein a lead-zinc mixed concentrate concentration underflow is reserved for standby, and the concentration overflow is mixed with the mixed flotation tailings in the step S1 and discarded;
s4, adding a zinc blende inhibitor and a galena collector into the dense underflow of the lead-zinc mixed concentrate produced in the step S3, and performing lead-zinc separation roughing operation in a flotation machine to obtain lead rough concentrate and lead rough tailings;
s5, adding zinc blende to the lead rough concentrate in the step S4 for inhibition, sequentially returning the carefully selected middlings to the previous stage of flotation operation, and obtaining lead concentrate after 2-3 times of lead concentrate operation;
s6, adding a galena collector into the lead coarse tailings in the step S4, sequentially returning the scavenged tailings to the previous stage of flotation operation, and after 1-2 times of lead scavenging operation, obtaining zinc concentrate from the scavenged tailings;
the sphalerite inhibitor in the steps S4 and S5 is a composition of calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbo-cyanite, which are sphalerite inhibitors for flotation separation of the refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore.
Preferably, the pulp regulator in the step S1 is lime, and the pH value of the pulp is regulated to 9.5-11.5.
Preferably, the sphalerite activator in the step S1 is one or two of copper sulfate and lead nitrate, the flotation collector is at least one of ethionine, butyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black, ethylene xanthate and butyl sodium black, and the foaming agent is MIBC.
Preferably, the addition amount of the sphalerite activator is 10-30 g/t, the addition amount of the flotation collector is 60-120 g/t, and the addition amount of the foaming agent is 20-40 g/t.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mass concentration of the fresh water slurry after re-grinding is 12% -15%.
Preferably, in the step S3, the mass concentration of the dense underflow is 30% -40%, and the mass concentration of the dense overflow is 0.
Preferably, the addition amount of the zinc blende inhibitor in the step S4 is 100-150 g/t in roughing, and the addition amount of the zinc blende inhibitor in the step S5 is 30-60 g/t in concentrating.
Preferably, the galena collector in the steps S4 and S6 is sodium butyl black, the adding amount of the galena collector in the step S4 in roughing is 30-60 g/t, and the adding amount of the galena collector in the step S6 in sweeping is 20-30 g/t.
The structural formula of the carbonized sodium cyanurates in the sphalerite inhibitor provided by the invention is as follows:
as can be seen from the structural formula, cyano group (CN) - ) Because of the strong linkage complexing together through covalent bonds, the complex is in a stable chemical state in neutral and alkaline solutions, and CN in a free state can not be produced - Meanwhile, under the condition of calcium hypochlorite, hypochlorite in the water body has oxidizing property, and plays roles in reducing trace ions (mainly generated by scrubbing sphalerite surface to fall off and lattice fracture in the vertical mill process) in the water body, such as Fe 2+ 、Cu + Plays a role in strong oxidation, so that the hydrocyanic acid is prevented from being produced by reduction reaction with sodium carbo-cyanuric acid.
The zinc blende inhibitor provided by the invention has the following inhibition mechanism on zinc blende in lead-zinc mixed concentrate: 1) Carbonized sodium cyanuric acid and residual Cu in ore pulp 2+ The complex precipitation is carried out, and meanwhile, the generated copper complex is more stable due to stronger complex bond of the carbonized sodium tripolycyanate, thereby eliminating free Cu 2+ Activating zinc blende, thereby having better inhibition effect on zinc blende; 2) The flotation collector such as xanthate and sphalerite are adsorbed to generate surface products such as butyl zinc xanthate and the like, and the free [ (CN) in the ore pulp 3 C 3 H 3 N 6 O 3 ] 3- Can react with the surface product to generate a metal ion complex with stronger stability, strongly replace xanthate anions and the like, achieve the effect of dewatering, and further realize the strong inhibition of sphalerite.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the composition of calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbo-cyanite adopted by the invention is used as a sphalerite inhibitor, and the inhibitor contains cyano groups, but forms a stable complex state in neutral and alkaline solutions, and hypochlorite in water has oxidizing property under the condition of calcium hypochlorite, thus playing a role in reducing trace ions such as Fe in water 2+ 、Cu + Has strong oxidation effect, prevents hydrocyanic acid from being produced by reduction reaction with sodium carbo-cyanuric acid, ensures the use safety of the sodium carbo-cyanuric acid, has the effect of inhibiting sphalerite similar to cyanide, and has the advantages of small dosage, strong inhibition capability and no formation of virulent cyanide.
2. The separation method of the invention adopts the methods of lead-zinc mixed flotation, mixed concentrate regrinding and lead-zinc flotation to respectively produce lead and zinc concentrates, thus realizing the high-efficiency treatment of dense dip-dyed and fine vein dip-dyed difficult-to-separate lead-zinc sulfide ores.
3. In the flotation separation method of the difficult-to-separate lead-zinc sulfide ore, the preferred inhibitor combination and collecting agent for lead-zinc separation are added to fully inhibit sphalerite in the bulk concentrate, lead concentrate and zinc concentrate products are directly produced by coarse, fine and scavenging lead-zinc separation, the operation of adding a large amount of copper sulfate for activating sphalerite which is strongly inhibited by large-dose zinc sulfate is avoided, and meanwhile, a small amount of activating agent (less than 30 g/t) is added in the lead-zinc mixing operation, so that the content of heavy metals in mine wastewater is reduced, and meanwhile, the production cost is reduced;
4. the treatment cost and equipment configuration requirements of the process provided by the invention are far lower than those of the preferential flotation separation process, and particularly the refractory lead zinc sulfide ore with the treated ore being in compact dip-dyeing and fine vein dip-dyeing forms has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of a conventional separation method for floating lead and inhibiting zinc by preferential flotation.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and nature of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Flotation separation of refractory lead zinc sulfide ore
The ore produced by some refractory lead-zinc sulfide mines in Yunnan is typical lead-zinc sulfide ore which is subjected to vein-like dip dyeing of lead-zinc minerals, the raw ore contains 0.81 percent of Pb and 2.31 percent of Zn, the lead-zinc mineral embedded granularity in the ore is fine, the galena embedded granularity D90 is less than 0.029mm, the sphalerite embedded granularity D90 is less than 0.026mm, and part of lead-zinc minerals are in a mutually-substituted and adjacent embedded relation, so that the refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore belongs to refractory lead-zinc sulfide ores.
The lead zinc sulfide ore is treated according to the process flow chart of the flotation separation method of the difficult-to-separate lead zinc sulfide ore shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
preparing a zinc blende inhibitor for flotation separation of lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate: and mixing calcium hypochlorite with sodium carbo-cyanite according to a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain the zinc blende inhibitor.
After crude crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing of some refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore of Yunnan to-3 mm, conveying the crude ore to a ball mill for ore grinding and grading treatment, controlling the granularity of the graded product to be-0.074 mm and 65%, conveying the graded product to a stirring barrel, adding lime to adjust the pH value to 9.5, adding copper sulfate, butyl Huang Yao, ethide nitrogen and MIBC to carry out lead-zinc mixed flotation to obtain lead-zinc mixed concentrate and mixed flotation tailings, directly discarding the tailings, analyzing the mass concentration of the lead-zinc mixed concentrate to be 36.3%, adding clear water to adjust the slurry to 15% of mass concentration, conveying the mixed concentrate to a vertical stirring mill for regrinding treatment, and controlling the regrinding time and the steel ball ratio to obtain regrind product with the granularity D90<0.026mm and regrinding fineness of-0.026 mm and 85%, under the size condition, carrying out thickener thickening on the regrind and flash zinc ore monomer dissociation degree of the regrind product to exceed 90%, and conveying the overflow (mass concentration of 0) to lead-zinc mixed flotation tailings.
And conveying the thickened lead-zinc mixed concentrate to a stirring barrel, adding a zinc blende inhibitor and a galena collector for floating lead and inhibiting zinc roughing, carrying out lead concentrate operation on the produced lead roughing concentrate twice, respectively adding the zinc blende inhibitor for the twice concentration, finally obtaining lead concentrate as lead concentrate, carrying out lead scavenging operation on lead roughing tailings twice, adding the galena collector for the twice lead scavenging, and obtaining the lead scavenging tailings as zinc concentrate.
Comparative example 1
Flotation separation of refractory lead zinc sulfide ore
In the separation step, only sodium carbo-cyanite is used as the sphalerite inhibitor, and the types, the amounts and the process steps of the other medicaments are the same as those of the example 1.
Comparative example 2
Separation of conventional preferential flotation lead and zinc inhibition
The lead zinc sulfide ore is treated according to the process flow of the conventional separation method for floating lead and inhibiting zinc by preferential flotation shown in the attached figure 2, and comprises the following steps:
raw ore crushed to below-3 mm is conveyed to a ball mill for grinding and grading treatment, the granularity of a grading product is controlled to be 90 percent, lime, zinc sulfate, ethion and No. 2 oil are added into a stirring barrel for zinc-inhibiting floating lead preferential flotation, the produced lead rough concentrate is subjected to lead concentration operation twice, zinc sulfate is added into the lead concentrate for lead concentration twice, the produced lead concentrate is lead concentrate, lead rough tailings are subjected to lead scavenging operation twice, ethion and No. 2 oil are added into the lead scavenging tailings, the lead concentration and lead scavenging ore are sequentially returned to the previous stage of flotation operation, copper sulfate, lime, butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil are added into the lead scavenging tailings for zinc activation flotation rough concentration, the produced zinc rough concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration operation twice, zinc activation flotation rough tailings are subjected to zinc scavenging operation twice, butyl xanthate is added into the zinc scavenging operation twice, and the final zinc scavenging tailings are total tailings.
The amounts of the types of agents used in example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 dosage of each step
Test example 1
Technical indexes such as grade, recovery rate and hydrocyanic acid residue of lead-zinc concentrate obtained by the separation methods of example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 are detected respectively, and test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparative method test results (%)
From the results of test examples in table 2, the flotation separation method of difficult-to-separate lead-zinc sulfide ore recommended by the invention is characterized in that when treating a difficult-to-separate lead-zinc sulfide ore of Yunnan of fine vein-like dip-dyeing, under the conditions of lower ore fineness (65% of the ore fineness of example 1 and 0.074 mm) and lower medicament cost (90% of the crude ore fineness of the conventional flotation method and 0.074 mm) of the conventional flotation method (the type and the dosage of the lead-zinc ore separation medicament of the invention are lower than those of the conventional lead-zinc-floating zinc-inhibiting preferential flotation separation method), the zinc concentrate ore dressing index is close, the mutual content of zinc in the lead concentrate is lower, the resource utilization value is effectively improved, and better economic benefit is achieved, which is mainly due to the optimization of the ore dressing process and the strong inhibition effect of the preferred sphalerite inhibition composition in example 1 on sphalerite, lead-zinc separation is more sufficient, the environment pollution caused by toxic hydrocyanic acid is avoided, and the subsequent treatment difficulty of waste liquid is caused.
Example 2
Flotation separation of Guangxi certain refractory lead sulfide zinc ore
The lead zinc sulfide ore is treated according to the process flow chart of the flotation separation method of the difficult-to-separate lead zinc sulfide ore shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
preparing a zinc blende inhibitor for flotation separation of lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate: and mixing calcium hypochlorite with sodium carbo-cyanite according to a mass ratio of 1:4 to obtain the zinc blende inhibitor.
After crude crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing of some refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore of Yunnan to-3 mm, conveying the crude ore to a ball mill for ore grinding and grading treatment, controlling the granularity of the graded product to be-0.074 mm and 75%, conveying the graded product to a stirring barrel, adding lime to adjust the pH value to 11.5, adding copper sulfate, butyl Huang Yao, ethide nitrogen and MIBC to carry out lead-zinc mixed flotation to obtain lead-zinc mixed concentrate and mixed flotation tailings, directly discarding the tailings, analyzing the mass concentration of the lead-zinc mixed concentrate to be 35.1%, adding clear water to adjust the slurry to 12% of the mass concentration, conveying the mixed concentrate to a vertical stirring mill for regrinding treatment, controlling the regrinding time and the steel ball ratio to obtain regrind product with the granularity D90<0.026mm and regrinding fineness of-0.026 mm and 90%, and under the particle size condition, carrying out thickener thickening on the regrind and flash zinc ore monomer dissociation degree of the regrind product to obtain the lead-zinc mixed concentrate and mixed flotation tailings, wherein the mass of the dense underflow is 40% and the overflow (mass concentration is 0) is conveyed to the lead-zinc mixed flotation tailings.
And conveying the thickened lead-zinc mixed concentrate to a stirring barrel, adding a zinc blende inhibitor and a galena collector for floating lead and inhibiting zinc roughing, carrying out lead concentrate operation on the produced lead roughing concentrate twice, respectively adding the zinc blende inhibitor for the twice concentration, finally obtaining lead concentrate as lead concentrate, carrying out lead scavenging operation on lead roughing tailings twice, adding the galena collector for the twice lead scavenging, and obtaining the lead scavenging tailings as zinc concentrate.
Comparative example 3
Flotation separation of Guangxi certain refractory lead sulfide zinc ore
In the separation step, only sodium carbo-cyanite is used as the sphalerite inhibitor, and the types, the amounts and the process steps of the other medicaments are the same as those of the example 2.
Comparative example 4
Separation of lead and zinc inhibitor by conventional preferential flotation of Guangxi certain refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore
The lead zinc sulfide ore is treated according to the process flow of the conventional separation method for floating lead and inhibiting zinc by preferential flotation shown in fig. 2, and comprises the following steps:
raw ore crushed to below-3 mm is conveyed to a ball mill for grinding and grading treatment, the granularity of a grading product is controlled to be 90 percent, lime, zinc sulfate, ethion and No. 2 oil are added into a stirring barrel for zinc-inhibiting floating lead preferential flotation, the produced lead rough concentrate is subjected to lead concentration operation twice, zinc sulfate is added into the lead concentrate for lead concentration twice, the produced lead concentrate is lead concentrate, lead rough tailings are subjected to lead scavenging operation twice, ethion and No. 2 oil are added into the lead scavenging tailings, the lead concentration and lead scavenging ore are sequentially returned to the previous stage of flotation operation, copper sulfate, lime, butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil are added into the lead scavenging tailings for zinc activation flotation rough concentration, the produced zinc rough concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration operation twice, zinc activation flotation rough tailings are subjected to zinc scavenging operation twice, butyl xanthate is added into the zinc scavenging operation twice, and the final zinc scavenging tailings are total tailings.
The amounts of the types of agents used in example 2 and comparative examples 3 to 4 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 dosage of each step
Test example 2
Technical indexes such as grade and recovery rate of lead-zinc concentrate obtained by the separation methods of example 2 and comparative examples 3-4 are detected respectively, and test results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 comparative method test results (%)
As shown in the results of Table 4, the method for flotation separation of lead and zinc difficult to be selected is adopted to treat Guangxi certain difficult to be selected lead and zinc sulfide ores, and a closed circuit test can obtain beneficiation indexes that lead concentrate contains 45.12% of Pb, 5.42% of Zn and has a Pb recovery rate of 64.01%, meanwhile, zinc content of the lead concentrate is lower than that of a lead floating zinc inhibiting preferential flotation method, and meanwhile, extremely toxic hydrocyanic acid pollution to the environment is avoided.
According to the specific embodiment, when the lead-zinc sulfide ore immersed in micro-fine particles is treated by the difficult-to-separate lead-zinc flotation method and the sphalerite inhibitor, the ore grinding cost and the ore dressing agent cost are obviously reduced, meanwhile, compared with the conventional preferential flotation process, the treatment working section is shorter, the mutual zinc content in the lead concentrate is obviously lower, the lead-zinc separation effect is more obvious, and the defect that the sphalerite inhibitor with better use effect can produce extremely toxic pollutants such as hydrocyanic acid is avoided.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The flotation separation method of the refractory lead zinc sulfide ore is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, carrying out grinding classification treatment on lead-zinc sulfide ore difficult to be separated to obtain ore pulp to be treated, wherein the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm and is 65% -75%, conveying the ore pulp to be treated into a flotation machine, adding an ore pulp regulator to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to be weak alkaline, respectively sequentially adding a zinc blende activating agent, a flotation collector and a foaming agent, and carrying out aerated flotation to obtain lead-zinc mixed concentrate and mixed flotation tailings, wherein the lead-zinc mixed concentrate is reserved, and the mixed flotation tailings are discarded;
s2, adding clear water into the lead-zinc mixed concentrate produced in the step S1 to carry out slurry mixing, and then carrying out regrinding operation, wherein regrinding fineness is-0.026 mm and accounts for 85% -90%;
s3, concentrating the regrind material produced in the step S2 by using a concentration hopper or a thickener, wherein a lead-zinc mixed concentrate concentration underflow is reserved for standby, and the concentration overflow is mixed with the mixed flotation tailings in the step S1 and discarded;
s4, adding a zinc blende inhibitor and a galena collector into the dense underflow of the lead-zinc mixed concentrate produced in the step S3, and performing lead-zinc separation roughing operation in a flotation machine to obtain lead rough concentrate and lead rough tailings;
s5, adding zinc blende inhibitor into the lead rough concentrate in the step S4, sequentially returning the selected middlings to the previous stage of flotation operation, and repeating the lead concentrate operation for 2-3 times to obtain lead concentrate;
s6, adding a galena collector into the lead coarse tailings in the step S4, sequentially returning the scavenged tailings to the previous stage of flotation operation, and repeating the lead scavenged operation for 1-2 times, wherein the scavenged tailings are zinc concentrate;
the zinc blende inhibitor is a composition of calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbonized cyanuric acid, and the mass ratio of the calcium hypochlorite to the sodium carbonized cyanuric acid is 1: 2-4;
the flotation collector is at least one of ethionamide, butyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black, ethylxanthate and butyl sodium black.
2. The flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, wherein the sodium carbo-cyanite has a chemical formula of Na 3 (CN) 3 C 3 H 3 N 6 O 3 The structural formula of the carbonized sodium cyanuric acid is as follows:
。
3. the flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, wherein the ore pulp modifier in the step S1 is lime, and the pH value of the ore pulp is adjusted to 9.5-11.5.
4. The flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, wherein the sphalerite activator in the step S1 is one or two of copper sulfate and lead nitrate, and the foaming agent is MIBC.
5. The flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of sphalerite activator in the step S1 is 10-30 g/t, the addition amount of flotation collector is 60-120 g/t, and the addition amount of foaming agent is 20-40 g/t.
6. The flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the refractory lead zinc sulfide ores subjected to clean water pulp mixing and regrinding in the step S2 is 12% -15%.
7. The flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the dense underflow in the step S3 is 30% -40%, and the mass concentration of the dense overflow is 0.
8. The flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the zinc blende inhibitor in roughing in the step S4 is 100-150 g/t, and the addition amount of the zinc blende inhibitor in refining in the step S5 is 30-60 g/t.
9. The flotation separation method of refractory lead zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, wherein the galena collectors in the steps S4 and S6 are sodium butyl black, the addition amount of the galena collectors in the step S4 in roughing is 30-60 g/t, and the addition amount of the galena collectors in the step S6 in scavenging is 20-30 g/t.
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