AU2018388657C1 - Diaryl substituted 5,5-fused ring compounds as C5aR inhibitors - Google Patents
Diaryl substituted 5,5-fused ring compounds as C5aR inhibitors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2018388657C1 AU2018388657C1 AU2018388657A AU2018388657A AU2018388657C1 AU 2018388657 C1 AU2018388657 C1 AU 2018388657C1 AU 2018388657 A AU2018388657 A AU 2018388657A AU 2018388657 A AU2018388657 A AU 2018388657A AU 2018388657 C1 AU2018388657 C1 AU 2018388657C1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- inhibitors
- group
- alkyl
- antagonists
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
- A61K31/4162—1,2-Diazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
- A61K9/0078—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a nebulizer such as a jet nebulizer, ultrasonic nebulizer, e.g. in the form of aqueous drug solutions or dispersions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/08—Solutions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201762609844P | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | |
US62/609,844 | 2017-12-22 | ||
PCT/US2018/066677 WO2019126431A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2018-12-20 | DIARYL SUBSTITUTED 5,5-FUSED RING COMPOUNDS AS C5aR INHIBITORS |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2018388657A1 AU2018388657A1 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
AU2018388657B2 AU2018388657B2 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
AU2018388657C1 true AU2018388657C1 (en) | 2023-03-23 |
Family
ID=66950014
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2018388657A Active AU2018388657C1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2018-12-20 | Diaryl substituted 5,5-fused ring compounds as C5aR inhibitors |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US10759807B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3728202A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP7253557B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20200110656A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN111788184B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2018388657C1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112020012374A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA3086111A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL275516B2 (zh) |
MA (1) | MA51327A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2020006460A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ765590A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG11202005799XA (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI817968B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019126431A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110997674B (zh) | 2017-05-31 | 2022-12-20 | 凯莫森特里克斯股份有限公司 | 作为C5a抑制剂的6-5稠合环类 |
CN111032658B (zh) | 2017-05-31 | 2022-12-20 | 凯莫森特里克斯股份有限公司 | 作为C5a抑制剂的5-5稠合环类 |
US11542256B2 (en) | 2017-09-03 | 2023-01-03 | Angion Biomedica Corp. | Vinylheterocycles as Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) inhibitors |
CA3086111A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | Diaryl substituted 5,5-fused ring compounds as c5ar inhibitors |
US10828285B2 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-11-10 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | Diaryl substituted 6,5-fused ring compounds as C5aR inhibitors |
US20190300526A1 (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2019-10-03 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | PRODRUGS OF FUSED-BICYCLIC C5aR ANTAGONISTS |
WO2020232247A1 (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2020-11-19 | Provention Bio, Inc. | Methods and compositions for preventing type 1 diabetes |
CN112300169B (zh) * | 2019-07-26 | 2022-03-04 | 上海美迪西生物医药股份有限公司 | 吡咯并吡唑类衍生物、其制备方法及其在医药上的应用 |
WO2021020363A1 (ja) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-02-04 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | 複素環化合物 |
EP4094765A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-11-30 | Active Biotech AB | Compounds for treatment of eye diseases associated with excessive vascularisation |
US20230165838A1 (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2023-06-01 | Dimerix Bioscience Ltd. | Treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome |
WO2021222971A1 (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2021-11-11 | Dimerix Bioscience Ltd | Treatment for virus induced acute respiratory distress syndrome |
CA3175602A1 (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-11 | Jerome Molette | Novel compounds for diagnosis |
US20220047592A1 (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-02-17 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | METHODS OF TREATING RESPIRATORY DISEASES USING C5a INHIBITORS |
WO2022093971A1 (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2022-05-05 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | Methods of treating hidradenitis suppurativa |
KR20230149402A (ko) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-10-27 | 목포대학교산학협력단 | 판막 석회화 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040214855A1 (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2004-10-28 | Pfizer Inc | Cannabinoid receptor ligands and uses thereof |
Family Cites Families (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EE05405B1 (et) | 2000-08-10 | 2011-04-15 | Pharmacia Italia S.P.A. | Kinaasi inhibiitoritena toimivad bitskloprasoolid, nende valmistamismeetod, kasutamine ja neid sisaldavad farmatseutilised kompositsioonid |
JP5260818B2 (ja) | 2000-09-29 | 2013-08-14 | ノバルティス・インターナショナル・ファーマシューティカル・リミテッド | 高親和性低分子C5a受容体調節物質 |
JP4196678B2 (ja) | 2001-04-26 | 2008-12-17 | 味の素株式会社 | 複素環化合物 |
ITMI20012025A1 (it) | 2001-09-28 | 2003-03-28 | Dompe Spa | Sali di ammonio quaternari di omega-amminoalchilammidi di acidi r 2-aril-propionici e composizioni farmaceutiche che li contengono |
AU2003225971A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-13 | Yang Gao | Substituted biaryl amides as c5a receptor modulators |
WO2003082828A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-09 | Neurogen Corporation | Substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines as c5a receptor modulators |
CA2480082A1 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-16 | Neurogen Corporation | Combination therapy for the treatment of conditions with pathogenic inflammatory components |
EP1534680B1 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2012-02-22 | Pharmaco Investments, Inc. | Prenylation inhibitors and methods of their synthesis and use |
US7169775B2 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2007-01-30 | Neurogen Corporation | Amino methyl imidazoles as C5a receptor modulators |
EP1565452B1 (en) | 2002-11-08 | 2012-04-04 | Novartis International Pharmaceutical Ltd. | 3-substituted-6-aryl pyridines as ligands of c5a receptors |
US20040214856A1 (en) | 2003-04-23 | 2004-10-28 | Pfizer Inc | Cannabinoid receptor ligands and uses thereof |
AU2003902354A0 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2003-05-29 | Harkin, Denis W. | Treatment of haemorrhagic shock |
US20060154917A1 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2006-07-13 | Neurogen Corporation | Substituted (heterocycloalkyl)methyl azole derivatives as c5a receptor modulators |
CN101318962A (zh) * | 2003-09-17 | 2008-12-10 | 詹森药业有限公司 | 稠合杂环化合物 |
WO2006042102A2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2006-04-20 | Neurogen Corporation | Pyrrolo-pyridine, pyrrolo-pyrimidine and related heterocyclic compounds |
US7598255B2 (en) | 2005-08-04 | 2009-10-06 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv | Pyrimidine compounds as serotonin receptor modulators |
WO2007051062A2 (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-03 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | Substituted dihydropyridines and methods of use |
WO2008024978A2 (en) | 2006-08-24 | 2008-02-28 | Serenex, Inc. | Tetrahydroindolone and tetrahydroindazolone derivatives |
AU2009259867A1 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-23 | Genentech, Inc. | Triazolopyridine JAK inhibitor compounds and methods |
SG172338A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2011-07-28 | Chemocentryx Inc | C5ar antagonists |
US20110275639A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2011-11-10 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | C5aR ANTAGONISTS |
EP2585064B1 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2017-05-03 | ChemoCentryx, Inc. | C5ar antagonists |
GB201016880D0 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2010-11-17 | Riotech Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Phosphodiesterase inhibitors |
US8846656B2 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2014-09-30 | Novartis Ag | Tetrahydropyrido-pyridine and tetrahydropyrido-pyrimidine compounds and use thereof as C5a receptor modulators |
WO2014028805A1 (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2014-02-20 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv | Pyrrolopyrazoles as n-type calcium channel blockers |
CN103421006B (zh) | 2013-08-18 | 2016-06-22 | 上海师范大学 | 2,3,5,7-四取代二氢吡唑并六氢吡啶衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
GB201321746D0 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-01-22 | Ucb Pharma Sa | Therapeutic agents |
AU2017246228B2 (en) | 2016-04-04 | 2021-04-15 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | Soluble C5aR antagonists |
CN110997674B (zh) | 2017-05-31 | 2022-12-20 | 凯莫森特里克斯股份有限公司 | 作为C5a抑制剂的6-5稠合环类 |
CN111032658B (zh) | 2017-05-31 | 2022-12-20 | 凯莫森特里克斯股份有限公司 | 作为C5a抑制剂的5-5稠合环类 |
US10828285B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2020-11-10 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | Diaryl substituted 6,5-fused ring compounds as C5aR inhibitors |
CA3086111A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | Diaryl substituted 5,5-fused ring compounds as c5ar inhibitors |
US20190300526A1 (en) | 2018-04-02 | 2019-10-03 | Chemocentryx, Inc. | PRODRUGS OF FUSED-BICYCLIC C5aR ANTAGONISTS |
-
2018
- 2018-12-20 CA CA3086111A patent/CA3086111A1/en active Pending
- 2018-12-20 AU AU2018388657A patent/AU2018388657C1/en active Active
- 2018-12-20 JP JP2020534276A patent/JP7253557B2/ja active Active
- 2018-12-20 NZ NZ765590A patent/NZ765590A/en unknown
- 2018-12-20 IL IL275516A patent/IL275516B2/en unknown
- 2018-12-20 US US16/226,898 patent/US10759807B2/en active Active
- 2018-12-20 CN CN201880083298.3A patent/CN111788184B/zh active Active
- 2018-12-20 WO PCT/US2018/066677 patent/WO2019126431A1/en unknown
- 2018-12-20 EP EP18890087.2A patent/EP3728202A4/en active Pending
- 2018-12-20 MX MX2020006460A patent/MX2020006460A/es unknown
- 2018-12-20 KR KR1020207020946A patent/KR20200110656A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-12-20 MA MA051327A patent/MA51327A/fr unknown
- 2018-12-20 BR BR112020012374-9A patent/BR112020012374A2/pt unknown
- 2018-12-20 SG SG11202005799XA patent/SG11202005799XA/en unknown
- 2018-12-21 TW TW107146418A patent/TWI817968B/zh active
-
2020
- 2020-07-27 US US16/939,667 patent/US11485737B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040214855A1 (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2004-10-28 | Pfizer Inc | Cannabinoid receptor ligands and uses thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20200110656A (ko) | 2020-09-24 |
JP2021506900A (ja) | 2021-02-22 |
AU2018388657A1 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
US20190194208A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
MX2020006460A (es) | 2020-11-06 |
EP3728202A4 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
CN111788184A (zh) | 2020-10-16 |
IL275516B2 (en) | 2023-12-01 |
MA51327A (fr) | 2021-05-26 |
IL275516A (en) | 2020-08-31 |
US11485737B2 (en) | 2022-11-01 |
CN111788184B (zh) | 2023-12-22 |
RU2020124094A (ru) | 2022-01-24 |
WO2019126431A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
US20210009596A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
NZ765590A (en) | 2024-01-26 |
IL275516B1 (en) | 2023-08-01 |
CA3086111A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
BR112020012374A2 (pt) | 2020-11-24 |
EP3728202A1 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
AU2018388657B2 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
SG11202005799XA (en) | 2020-07-29 |
TWI817968B (zh) | 2023-10-11 |
TW201934552A (zh) | 2019-09-01 |
US10759807B2 (en) | 2020-09-01 |
JP7253557B2 (ja) | 2023-04-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU2018388657B2 (en) | Diaryl substituted 5,5-fused ring compounds as C5aR inhibitors | |
AU2018388655B2 (en) | Diaryl substituted 6,5-fused ring compounds as C5aR inhibitors | |
US11608336B2 (en) | Prodrugs of fused-bicyclic C5aR antagonists | |
AU2018277523B2 (en) | 5-5 fused rings as C5a inhibitors | |
RU2785549C2 (ru) | ДИАРИЛ-ЗАМЕЩЕННЫЕ 5,5 СОПРЯЖЕННЫЕ ЦИКЛИЧЕСКИЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ КАК ИНГИБИТОРЫ C5aR | |
RU2796983C2 (ru) | ДИАРИЛ-ЗАМЕЩЕННЫЕ 6,5-СОПРЯЖЕННЫЕ ЦИКЛИЧЕСКИЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ КАК ИНГИБИТОРЫ C5aR | |
RU2794327C2 (ru) | ПРОЛЕКАРСТВА СОПРЯЖЕННО-БИЦИКЛИЧЕСКИХ АНТАГОНИСТОВ C5aR |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
DA2 | Applications for amendment section 104 |
Free format text: THE NATURE OF THE AMENDMENT IS AS SHOWN IN THE STATEMENT(S) FILED 06 DEC 2022 |
|
DA3 | Amendments made section 104 |
Free format text: THE NATURE OF THE AMENDMENT IS AS SHOWN IN THE STATEMENT FILED 06 DEC 2022 |
|
FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) |