AT131594B - Process for the catalytic hydrogenation of bases of the pyridine or quinoline series. - Google Patents

Process for the catalytic hydrogenation of bases of the pyridine or quinoline series.

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Publication number
AT131594B
AT131594B AT131594DA AT131594B AT 131594 B AT131594 B AT 131594B AT 131594D A AT131594D A AT 131594DA AT 131594 B AT131594 B AT 131594B
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AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
pyridine
bases
catalytic hydrogenation
quinoline series
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
Schering Kahlbaum Ag
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Publication date
Application filed by Schering Kahlbaum Ag filed Critical Schering Kahlbaum Ag
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AT131594B publication Critical patent/AT131594B/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D295/00Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D295/02Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements
    • C07D295/027Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements containing only one hetero ring

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Description

  

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  Verfahren zur   katalytisehen   Hydrierung von Basen der Pyridin- bzw. Chinolinreihe. 



   Pyridin und   Chinolin   sowie deren Homologe sind der Hydrierung unter Anwendung der üblichen Nickelkatalysatoren bekanntlich nur schwer und unvollkommen zugänglich. 



   Es wurde nun gefunden, dass sich diese Basen mit Nickelkatalysatoren leicht und voll-   ständig hydrieren lassen, wenn   der erforderliche Wasserstoff nicht in molekularer Form zur Verwendung gelangt, sondern ganz oder teilweise hydrierten aromatischen Verbindungen (Wasserstoffspender) entnommen wird, die unter den vorhandenen   Reaktionshedingungen   leicht   deliy-   
 EMI1.1 
 Base bis zur gewünschten Stufe zu hydrieren. 



   Weiter wurde gefunden, dass es nicht notwendig ist. theoretische Mengen von Wasserstoffspendern anzuwenden. sondern dass wesentlich geringere Mengen derselben   genügen, wenn   gleichzeitig molekularer Wasserstoff von 60-100 Atm. in das Reaktionsgemisch eingepresst wird. Man hat sich den Reaktionsverlauf dann so vorzustellen, dass der als   Wasserstoftspender   benutzte Stoff nach Abgabe des abspaltbaren Wasserstoffes an die zu hydrierende Verbindung von neuem mit Wasserstoff zur höher hydrierten Stufe beladen wird, um dann neuerdings im 
 EMI1.2 
 zugeben.

   Theoretisch würde man mit äusserst geringen, als   #katalytisch" zu bezeichnenden   Mengen an derartigen Verbindungen   auskommen   ; in der Praxis hat sieh jedoch gezeigt, dass zur   Aufrechterhaltung   einer brauchbaren Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit grössere Mengen notwendig sind. 



   Es kann auch so verfahren werden, dass man die als   Wasserstof1'spender   dienenden Ver- 
 EMI1.3 
   aromatischer   Verbindungen, die in ganz oder teilweise hydriertem Zustande als Wasserstoffspender dienen. arbeitet. Es erfolgt dann primär die Bildung des   Wasserstonspenders, der dann   im angegebenen Sinne seinen Wasserstoff abgibt. 
 EMI1.4 
 wart von Nickelkatalysatoren hydrieren kann. In diesem   Falle handelt es sich jedoch um   die Hydrierung leicht hydrierbarer aliphatischer Verbindungen durch den bei der Umwandlung des Bomeols in Campher abgespaltenen Wasserstoff.

   Es ist jedoch überraschend und bedeutet einen   wichtigen   technischen Fortschritt. dass man Pyridin und andere heterocyclische Basen, die der 
 EMI1.5 
 geschlagenen vorreduzierten Nickelkatalysators im Autoklaven auf   160 -1800 erhitzt und   Wasserstoff von 60-100 Atm. aufgepresst. Es setzt lebhafte Wasserstoffaufnahme ein. die ohne 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 den Tetralinzustz nicht beobachtet wird. Die Aufarbeitung ergibt Piperidin in   annähernd quan-   titativer Ausbeute. 



   Beispiel 3 : Pyridin wird mit   10%   Cyclohexanol und 3% eines Nickelkatalysators wie in Beispiel   2   hydriert. Die Wasserstoffaufnahme ist äusserst lebhaft ; man erhält Piperidin in fast quantitativer Ausbeute. 



     Beispiel 4 : Ein Basengeniisch. wie   es unter der Bezeichnung.. Pyridinbasen für Au- 
 EMI2.1 
 Nickelkatalysators mit   Wasserstof'bei 60-100 Atm.   hydriert. Man erhält ein   Gemenge   homologer Piperidine in annähernd theoretischer Menge. 



   Beispiel   5   : Pyridin wird mit 10% Phenol und etwa 3% des Gesamtgewichtes eines Nickelkatalysators im Autoklaven der Einwirkung von Wasserstoff von 60-100 Atm. unterworfen. Die Wasserstoffaufnahme setzt bei etwa   1200 ein,   lässt aber nach   Aufnahme der zur-   Bildung von Cyclohexanol notwendigen Menge Wasserstoff nach. Nach Steigerung der Temperatur auf 160-180  geht die Reaktion wie in Beispiel 2 weiter. Man erhält Piperidin neben Cyclohexanon. 



   Behandelt man in gleicher Weise Chinolin. so erhält man Tetrahydroehillolin. 



   PATENT-ANSPRÜCHE :
1. Verfahren zur katalytischen Hydrierung von Basen der   Pyridin-bzw. Chinolinreihe   bei erhöhter Temperatur und unter Anwendung von Druck, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die Hydrierung unter Verwendung von Nickelkatalysatoren mit Hilfe ganz oder teilweise hydrierter aromatischer Verbindungen (Wasserstoffspender) durchführt. die unter den herrschenden Reaktionsbedingungen leicht dehydrierbar sind und deren Menge so zu bemessen ist, dass die ahspaltbare Wasserstoffmenge gerade ausreicht, die zur Anwendung gelangende Base bis zu der   gewünschten   Stufe zu hydrieren. 
 EMI2.2 




   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



  Process for the catalytic hydrogenation of bases of the pyridine or quinoline series.



   It is known that pyridine and quinoline and their homologues are difficult and imperfectly accessible to hydrogenation using the customary nickel catalysts.



   It has now been found that these bases can be easily and completely hydrogenated with nickel catalysts if the required hydrogen is not used in molecular form, but completely or partially hydrogenated aromatic compounds (hydrogen donors) are taken which are easily under the existing reaction conditions deliy-
 EMI1.1
 Hydrogenate base to the desired level.



   It was further found that it is not necessary. apply theoretical amounts of hydrogen donors. but that much smaller amounts of them are sufficient if molecular hydrogen of 60-100 atm. is pressed into the reaction mixture. The course of the reaction then has to be imagined in such a way that the substance used as a hydrogen donor is loaded again with hydrogen to the more highly hydrogenated stage after the releasable hydrogen has been released to the compound to be hydrogenated, and then again in the
 EMI1.2
 admit.

   Theoretically, one would get by with extremely small amounts of such compounds, which can be described as "catalytic"; in practice, however, it has been shown that larger amounts are necessary to maintain a useful reaction rate.



   It can also be done in such a way that the supplies serving as hydrogen donors are
 EMI1.3
   aromatic compounds which, in a fully or partially hydrogenated state, serve as hydrogen donors. is working. The hydrogen donor is then primarily formed, which then releases its hydrogen in the specified sense.
 EMI1.4
 can be hydrogenated by nickel catalysts. In this case, however, it is a matter of the hydrogenation of easily hydrogenatable aliphatic compounds by the hydrogen split off during the conversion of the bomeol into camphor.

   However, it is surprising and represents an important technical advance. that you can pyridine and other heterocyclic bases that the
 EMI1.5
 beaten pre-reduced nickel catalyst heated in the autoclave to 160-1800 and hydrogen from 60-100 atm. pressed on. Lively hydrogen uptake begins. those without

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 the tetralin addition is not observed. Work-up gives piperidine in an approximately quantitative yield.



   Example 3: Pyridine is hydrogenated as in Example 2 with 10% cyclohexanol and 3% of a nickel catalyst. The hydrogen uptake is extremely brisk; piperidine is obtained in almost quantitative yield.



     Example 4: A basic genius. as it is called .. pyridine bases for Au-
 EMI2.1
 Nickel catalyst with hydrogen at 60-100 atm. hydrogenated. A mixture of homologous piperidines is obtained in an approximately theoretical amount.



   Example 5: Pyridine with 10% phenol and about 3% of the total weight of a nickel catalyst in the autoclave of the action of hydrogen from 60-100 atm. subject. The hydrogen uptake starts at around 1200, but decreases after the uptake of the amount of hydrogen necessary for the formation of cyclohexanol. After increasing the temperature to 160-180, the reaction continues as in Example 2. Piperidine is obtained in addition to cyclohexanone.



   If you treat quinoline in the same way. this gives tetrahydroehilloline.



   PATENT CLAIMS:
1. Process for the catalytic hydrogenation of bases of the pyridine or. Quinoline series at elevated temperature and with the application of pressure, characterized in that the hydrogenation is carried out using nickel catalysts with the aid of completely or partially hydrogenated aromatic compounds (hydrogen donors). which can easily be dehydrogenated under the prevailing reaction conditions and the amount of which is to be measured such that the amount of hydrogen that can be split off is just sufficient to hydrogenate the base used up to the desired stage.
 EMI2.2


 

Claims (1)

an Stelle der als Wasserstotfspender geeigneten Verbindungen die diesen entsprechenden, nicht hydrierten aromatischen Verbindungen als Wasserstoffüberträger benützt. instead of the compounds suitable as hydrogen donors, the corresponding non-hydrogenated aromatic compounds are used as hydrogen carriers.
AT131594D 1928-11-29 1929-11-05 Process for the catalytic hydrogenation of bases of the pyridine or quinoline series. AT131594B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESCH88542D DE590637C (en) 1928-11-29 1928-11-29 Process for the hydrogenation of bases of the pyridine and quinoline series

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AT131594B true AT131594B (en) 1933-01-25

Family

ID=7443927

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT131594D AT131594B (en) 1928-11-29 1929-11-05 Process for the catalytic hydrogenation of bases of the pyridine or quinoline series.

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AT (1) AT131594B (en)
DE (1) DE590637C (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE590637C (en) 1934-01-06

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