ZA200100288B - Additive for paper making. - Google Patents
Additive for paper making. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200100288B ZA200100288B ZA200100288A ZA200100288A ZA200100288B ZA 200100288 B ZA200100288 B ZA 200100288B ZA 200100288 A ZA200100288 A ZA 200100288A ZA 200100288 A ZA200100288 A ZA 200100288A ZA 200100288 B ZA200100288 B ZA 200100288B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- additive
- paper
- carried out
- additive according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006319 cationized starch Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PUVAFTRIIUSGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1CO1 PUVAFTRIIUSGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Additive for paper making v The present invention concerns an additive for paper making, which is added to the fiber pulp prior to the web formation step in a paper making process. By means of 0) the additive it is possible to impart to the paper i.a. a reduced tendency for dusting.
In addition, the additive has been shown to facilitate water removal in the web formation stage, to improve filler retention and affect advantageously the removal of harmful substances, which have accumulated in the water circulation system of the paper machine. The additive also increases the strength of the finished paper, both dry strength and wet strength. By using the additive for paper making according to the invention improvements have been seen also in the printability of the paper, i.a. as regards its applicability for ink-jet printing.
A problem that is encountered in finished paper is its high tendency for dust forma- tion, the reason for which are fiber particles and filler particles released from the paper surface. The dust gives rise to problems already at the drying stage in paper making, but above all in the machines and equipments handling paper, such as in printing equipment. The printing methods as such are developed which means high machine speeds and long printing series. High speeds aggrevate dust formation, and y 20 long printing series reduce standing times, during which it would be possible to carry out a cleaning of the equipments.
In order to solve the dusting problem it is known to use methods, which as a rule are based on chemical compounds to be added to the fiber pulp, prior to the paper web formation. The use of mineral and micro waxes, of sizing agents, such as AKD and ASA dispersions, of wet strength resins and of pulp sizing starch is known.
Irrespective of these known measures, paper dusting is still a significant problem.
Now it has surprisingly been discovered that i.a. the dusting of paper can be reduced significantly by means of the additive according to the invention to be added to the fiber pulp prior to web formation.
The additive is based on starch, which has beea modified to be applicable in the invention by reducing its molecular size and reacted with an appropriate nitrogen - compound in order to provide a suitable cationic charge level to the starch. b) The reduction of the molecular size has been carried out advantageously by oxidi- zing, such as by peroxide oxidation. The reduction of the molecular size is appro- priately carried out so that the viscosity of a 5% starch suspension at 60 °C is in the range 10 - 400 mPas (Brookfield), preferably 100 - 400 mPas, and especially . advantageously in the range 100 - 200 mPas. This is achieved for example using a hydrogen peroxide dose of approximately 0.02 - 0.3% from the starch dry matter in slightly alkaline reacton conditions. The desired degree of degradation is also bound to the desired cationic charge of the end product, since an increase in the cationic charge decreases the viscosity of the end product. There is also interdependence between the molecular size and the catonic charge which affects the behaviour of the starch in the paper machine. :
Starch which has been processed to have the desired viscosity level is thereafter processed with a quaternary nitrogen compound according to the invention so that its cationic charge level will be in the range < 1.5, preferably in the range 0.36 - 1.46, especially advantageously in the range 0.72 - 1.10 mEq/g, whereby the nitrogen contents when using the quaternary cationizing chemical, will be in the range 0.5 - 2.5, correspondigly 1.0- 1.5%. The product is advantageously prepared using solution cationization, in which the starch is fed into the cationization process in granular form, the process conditions are chosen so that the starch dissolves 29 completely during the process. Essential process quantities in this respect are the concentration of the starch to be cationized, suitable alkalinity and increased tempe- rature. The alkali dose NaOH) is suitably in the range of approximately 1.5-3% of the starch dry matter, and the temperature suitably in the range of approximately 60 - 80 °C. The dry matter content of the reaction mixture should advantageously be : 30 over 50%, which gives i.a. a good yield for the end product. A suitable quaternary cationizing chemical is 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammoanium chloride, which should be used in an amount of approximately 10 - 40% of the amount of starch.
Amended Sheet 20/11/2001
. The operability of the invention is illustrated with the following examples, in which i.a. paper properties, which have an effect on the dusting of the paper in different oe paper handling conditions, have been monitored. Measuring the dusting tendency " from a paper is as such problematic without a prolonged run of the paper m an application process, such as a printing operation. It is, however, generally known that the tendency for dust formation correlates to strength parameters which can be measured from the paper, such as Dennison, IGT and Scott Bond.
Example 1
In this example the test was carried out under full-scale practical printing conditions - using a paper fabricated on newspaper machine. On the newspaper machine which had a capacity of 700 toos/24 hours a paper was made from a pulp of pressure groundwood and thermomechanical pulp. Before web formation, a starch based chemical according to the invention was mixed to the pulp in the pulp mixer on the ] suction side of the purnp in a dosis of 1.5 -2.5 kg/ton. Paper made in this way was then printed in a printing house, whereby it could be established that the time ; between cleaning of the printing rollers increased from 80000 copies to 350000 copies. The used additive had been manufactured so that to starch which had been
J 20 oxidatively degraded to a usable viscosity level (100 - 200 mPas, 5%, 60 °C,
Brookfield), had been cationized with 2 ,3-epoxypropyluimethylammonium chlonde . : using this cationizing chemical in an amount of 25% of the starch dry matter. The nitrogen content of the starch was 1.5% (charge 1.07 mEq/g). From the paper also the Scott Bond value which indicates the interlaminar strength (bonding strength) was measured as one characteristic. These values have been given as a function of the additive dose in the appended figure 1. When comparing to dust measurements carried out it could be established that the Scott Bond value of the paper clearly : correlated to the dusting and printability properties.
Amended Sheet 20/11/2001
Example 2 .-
A test series was carried out on a newspaper machine having a capacity of appr. o 800 tons/24 hours. The composition of the pulp used for the paper was 50/50 0) TMP/DIP (thermomechanical/deinked). The test run lasted for 24 hours, during which time the change in strength values was monitored for different amounts of additives. The used additive had been manufactured so that the starch which had been oxidatively degraded to a viscosity level of approximately 200 mPas (5%, 60 °C, Brookfield) was cationized with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride using this cationizing chemical in an amount of 15% of the amount of starch. The nitrogen content of the starch was 1.0% (charge 0.72 mEkv/g).
The results are given in the following table I.
Additive Scott Bond Dennison IGT Burst dose, kg/t Jim? m/s kPam?/g 1. 0 198.6 7.0 1.36 1.38 2. 0 190.6 7.0 1.30 1.45 3. 1 195.4 8.0 1.77 1.47 4. 14 205.9 7.0 1.95 1.42 5. 1.8 194.0 9.0 1.33 1.51 6. 1.4 297.6 9.0 1.26 1.44 Lo 7. 3 238.3 9.5 1.53 1.47 ; 8. 3 304.3 10.0 1.56 1.41 9. 3 299.9 9.5 1.57 1.52 . 10. 3 213.5 9.0 1.22 1.50 11. 3 2274 9.0 1.50 1.48 12. 3 225.6 9.0 1.59 1.48 13. 3 207.6 9.0 1.60 1.56 14. 3 241.1 9.0 1.49 1.52 15. 3.5 280.1 9.0 1.57 1.49 16. 4 260.6 9.0 1.36 1.53 17. 0 246.9 8.0 1.26 1.42 18. 0 212.8 8.0 1.18 1.41
From the results it can be seen that it is possible to affect the strength properties which in turn affect the dusting properties of the paper by means of the product according to the invention.
Example 3 . A test run lasting for 2 weeks was carried out on a newspaper machine which had a capacity of 400 tons/24 hours. For the paper raw material, peroxide bleached 5 pressure groundwood was used. To the pulp conventional pulp starch was added in : an amount of 10 - 13 kg/ton for the whole test run. The test run included a period of 12 days (test days 3 - 14), during which time an additive according to the invention was added to the pulp prior to web formation in an amount of 2.5 kg/ton in addition to the conventional pulp starch, the additive having been in a manner similar to the additive of example 1. From the paper, printing series of each 4000 sheets from a paper sample taken each day was run in a test printer, from which printing series the dust amount was measured. The test results have been presented as a bar diagram in the appended figure 2. The results show a clear decrease in the amount of dust irrespective of the fact that a conventional internal size was present in the paper manufacture, which for its part should participate in reducing dusting.
Example 4
A test run was carried out on a newspaper machine by running newsprint (30-40 : 20 g/m?) the fiber base of which was pressure groundwood, thermomechanical pulp, chemical pulp and deinked pulp. The machine was operated at an acid pH-range. A : bentonite/PAM microparticle retention system was used as the retention system. An additive according to the example 1 was fed 1.0 k/t to the mixing container on the suction side of the pump.
The behaviour of the finished paper was monitored on-line with a dust measuring device (MB Linting Dusting Tester). The results are given in the appended figure 3.
It could be seen that the dusting had decreased 50-60% (test points 7-12) as compa- red to a corresponding paper without the additive according to the invention (test points 1-6).
Differences could be seen also in the operation of the paper machine as compared to manufacturing a corresponding paper without the additive according to the inventi- on.
I.a. water drainage improved, which manifested itself as a reduction in the . steam requirement in the drying section.
Also an advantageous affect as regards retention could be seen which resulted in a decrease of approximately 50% in the retention aid (PAM, polyacrylmide). -
Claims (7)
1. Additive for paper making to be added to the fiber pulp prior to web formation, which additive has been made from starch which to its molecular weight has been thinned to a viscosity level of 10 — 500 mPas (5%, 60°C, Brookfield), and cationized using a quaternary nitrogen compound, characterized in that the cationization is carried out to a charge level of 0.36 — 1.46 mEq/g.
2. The additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the starch to its molecular weight has been thinned to a viscosity level of 100 — 200 mPas (5%, 60°C, Brookfield).
3. The additive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cationization has been carried out to a charge level of 0.72 — 1.10 mEq/g (1-1.54% N).
4. Additive according to any one of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the cationized starch is solute.
S. The additive according to any one of the preceding claims 1-4, characterized in that the cationization has been carried out as a solution cationization so that the dry matter content of the reaction mixture is over 50%.
6. The additive according to any one of the preceding claims 1-5, characterized in that the thinning of the starch has been carried out by oxidation.
7. The additive according to claim 6, characterized in that the thinning of the starch has been carried out by peroxide oxidation. Amended Sheet 20/11/2001
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI981586A FI981586A0 (en) | 1998-07-10 | 1998-07-10 | Paper dusting additive |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ZA200100288B true ZA200100288B (en) | 2002-01-10 |
Family
ID=8552174
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ZA200100288A ZA200100288B (en) | 1998-07-10 | 2001-01-10 | Additive for paper making. |
ZA200100287A ZA200100287B (en) | 1998-07-10 | 2001-01-10 | Additive composition for paper making. |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ZA200100287A ZA200100287B (en) | 1998-07-10 | 2001-01-10 | Additive composition for paper making. |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
ES (1) | ES2355466T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI981586A0 (en) |
ZA (2) | ZA200100288B (en) |
-
1998
- 1998-07-10 FI FI981586A patent/FI981586A0/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-07-07 ES ES99934746T patent/ES2355466T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-01-10 ZA ZA200100288A patent/ZA200100288B/en unknown
- 2001-01-10 ZA ZA200100287A patent/ZA200100287B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA200100287B (en) | 2001-08-14 |
FI981586A0 (en) | 1998-07-10 |
ES2355466T3 (en) | 2011-03-28 |
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