WO2024138496A1 - Spc composite board and extrusion device therefor - Google Patents

Spc composite board and extrusion device therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024138496A1
WO2024138496A1 PCT/CN2022/143212 CN2022143212W WO2024138496A1 WO 2024138496 A1 WO2024138496 A1 WO 2024138496A1 CN 2022143212 W CN2022143212 W CN 2022143212W WO 2024138496 A1 WO2024138496 A1 WO 2024138496A1
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Prior art keywords
extrusion
layer
section
structural layer
structural
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PCT/CN2022/143212
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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丁佳菲
戎颋靓
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长兴经纬新材料有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/143212 priority Critical patent/WO2024138496A1/en
Publication of WO2024138496A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024138496A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements

Definitions

  • the B material forming section includes a B material pre-extrusion section and an A material flow section arranged around the B material pre-extrusion section, and the flow rate of A material in the A material flow section is always equal in the x-axis direction;
  • the A material forming section includes a B material flow section and an A material pre-extrusion section arranged around the B material flow section, and the B material is always advanced in the form of a second pre-structured layer in the B material flow section.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dispenser according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the extrusion head according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the extrusion head according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • an SPC composite board shown in FIG1 it includes a decorative layer 100 and a substrate layer 200 bonded to each other, the substrate layer 200 includes a first structural layer 210, a second structural layer 220 and a third structural layer 230 bonded to each other formed by co-extrusion, the thickness ratio of the first structural layer 210, the second structural layer 220 and the third structural layer 230 is 1: (4-4.5): 1, and the second structural layer 220 is a light layer with a hollow structure.
  • the distributor 500 includes a distributor body 510, an A material channel 540 and a B material channel 550 that penetrate the distributor body 510.
  • the A material mixing device 300 is connected to the two A material inlet channels 520 from the side through a pipeline, and the two A material inlet channels 520 are connected to the A material channel 540 through the upper and lower flow areas 530, respectively, to form the first structural layer 210 and the third structural layer 230, respectively.
  • the A material channel 540 is a flat annular channel.
  • the B material mixing device 400 is connected to the B material channel 550 through a pipeline, and the B material channel 550 is a flat cylindrical channel.
  • the A material channel 540 is isolated from the B material channel 550, and the A material channel 540 is arranged around the B material channel 550.
  • the A material flows out from the A material mixing device 300 and flows into the upper and lower material flow areas 530 through the upper and lower A material inlet channels 520 respectively, and finally merges into the A material channel 540.
  • the B material flows out from the B material mixing device 400 and directly flows into the B material channel 550.
  • the A material surrounds the B material under the separation of the channel wall of the B material channel 550.
  • the A material pre-extrusion section 620 and the B material pre-extrusion section 630 are spaced apart. After the A material enters the A material flow section 622 from the A material channel 540 of the distributor 500, the flow rate of the A material is always the same, that is, the A material flow section 622 does not perform a molding process on the A material.
  • the A material forming section 630 includes a B material flow section 631 and an A material pre-extrusion section 632 arranged around the B material flow section 631. At this time, the B material flow section 631 and the A material pre-extrusion section 632 are spaced apart. After the A material enters the A material pre-extrusion section 632 from the A material flow section 622, it is extruded through the A material pre-extrusion section 632 to form an annular thickness layer surrounding the first structural layer 220, wherein the first structural layer 210 is located above the second structural layer 220, and the third structural layer 230 is located below the second structural layer 220.
  • the B material flows in the shape of the second structural layer 220 in the B material flow section 631, and solidifies to a certain extent to form a second pre-structural layer with a certain strength.
  • the A material flowing in the form of the first structural layer 210 and the third structural layer 230 and the B material pushed in the form of the second structural layer 220 converge at the converging forming section 640.
  • the length of the converging forming section is 8 to 12 cm, for example, 10 cm, to ensure sufficient converging length to form a higher co-extrusion composite bonding strength between the first and second pre-structural layers and the second pre-structural layer.
  • the wall thickness of the second pre-structured layer formed by the B material after leaving the B material pre-extrusion section 621 is equal to the wall thickness of the second structure layer 220.
  • the A material forms the first pre-structured layer and the second pre-structured layer after leaving the A material pre-extrusion section 632, and the thickness of the first and second pre-structured layers is 1.2 to 1.4 times the thickness of the first and third structure layers 210, 230.
  • the A material is further extruded after entering the converging forming section 640, which can facilitate the formation of a higher co-extrusion composite bonding strength between the first and second pre-structured layers and the second pre-structured layer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed in the embodiments of the present application are an SPC composite board and an extrusion device therefor. The SPC composite board comprises a decorative layer and a base material layer which are mutually bonded and compounded. The base material layer comprises a first structural layer, a second structural layer and a third structural layer which are formed by means of co-extrusion and which are mutually bonded and compounded, the thickness ratio of the first structural layer, the second structural layer and the third structural layer being 1:(4-4.5):1, and the second structural layer being a lightweight layer having a hollow structure. The SPC composite board provided by the embodiments of the present application has the advantages of light weight, relatively good stability, relatively high production efficiency and a production process which is relatively easy to control.

Description

一种SPC复合板及其挤出装置A SPC composite board and extrusion device thereof 技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及SPC板材的技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种SPC复合板，本发明同时还涉及用于制备该种SPC复合板的挤出装置。The present invention relates to the technical field of SPC boards, and more specifically, to an SPC composite board. The present invention also relates to an extrusion device for preparing the SPC composite board.
背景技术Background technique
SPC板材又称石塑板材，即Stone Plastic Composite，可用于制作SPC地板或墙板。但是SPC板材的密度较大，一般约2.0kg/㎡，因此，其相较于其他人造板材而言，物流成本相对较高，安装施工时劳动强度相对较大。现有技术中提出了一种以两个SPC层、中间复合发泡层的共挤SPC复合板，通过发泡层的设置以降低SPC复合板的整体密度。该种SPC复合板的制备方法有两种，其一是分别挤出SPC层和发泡层后通过热压工艺将二者胶粘复合，其二是通过共挤工艺将二者在一次挤出工艺中挤出。SPC board, also known as Stone Plastic Composite, can be used to make SPC floors or wall panels. However, the density of SPC board is relatively high, generally about 2.0kg/㎡. Therefore, compared with other man-made boards, its logistics cost is relatively high, and the labor intensity during installation and construction is relatively high. In the prior art, a co-extruded SPC composite board with two SPC layers and a middle composite foaming layer is proposed, and the overall density of the SPC composite board is reduced by setting the foaming layer. There are two methods for preparing this SPC composite board. One is to extrude the SPC layer and the foaming layer separately and then glue the two together through a hot pressing process. The other is to extrude the two in a single extrusion process through a co-extrusion process.
然而，第一种制备方法的缺点是复合后的板材的密度相对来说仍然较大，最大程度也仅降至1.7kg/㎡，且工序复杂、生产周期相对较长；第二种制备方法的缺点是SPC层与发泡层的共挤温度和温度维持时间有相对较大的差异，所以在共挤过程中易出现发泡材料发泡不充分或过度发泡的情况，影响产品质量。However, the disadvantage of the first preparation method is that the density of the composite board is still relatively large, and the maximum is only reduced to 1.7kg/㎡, and the process is complicated and the production cycle is relatively long; the disadvantage of the second preparation method is that the co-extrusion temperature and temperature maintenance time of the SPC layer and the foaming layer are relatively different, so the foaming material is prone to insufficient or excessive foaming during the co-extrusion process, affecting product quality.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请提供一种SPC复合板及其挤出装置。The present application provides a SPC composite board and an extrusion device thereof.
在本申请的一个方面，提供了一种SPC复合板，包括相互粘结复合的装饰层和基材层，所述基材层包括通过共同挤出形成的、相互粘结复合的第一结构层、第二结构层和第三结构层，所述第一结构层、所述第二结构层和所述第三结构层三者的厚度比为1:(4～4.5):1，并且所述第二结构层是具有中空的结构的质轻层。In one aspect of the present application, an SPC composite board is provided, comprising a decorative layer and a substrate layer bonded to each other, the substrate layer comprising a first structural layer, a second structural layer and a third structural layer formed by co-extrusion and bonded to each other, the thickness ratio of the first structural layer, the second structural layer and the third structural layer is 1:(4-4.5):1, and the second structural layer is a lightweight layer with a hollow structure.
在一些实施例中，所述第一结构层与所述第三结构层二者的硬度比为1:1。In some embodiments, a hardness ratio between the first structural layer and the third structural layer is 1:1.
在一些实施例中，所述第二结构层由多个部分空心六棱柱连结构成，所述部分空心六棱柱的长度方向与所述SPC复合板的长度方向同向。In some embodiments, the second structural layer is composed of a plurality of partially hollow hexagonal prisms connected together, and the length direction of the partially hollow hexagonal prisms is in the same direction as the length direction of the SPC composite board.
在一些实施例中，所述部分空心六棱柱的壁厚为0.2～0.3mm。In some embodiments, the wall thickness of the partially hollow hexagonal prism is 0.2-0.3 mm.
在本申请的另一个方面，提供一种用于制备前述的SPC复合板的挤出装置，包括A料混料装置、B料混料装置、分配器和挤出头，所述分配器包括分配器本体、贯穿所述分配器本体的A料通道和B料通道，所述A料通道与所述A料混料装置连通，所述B料通道与所述B料混料装置连通；所述挤出头包括挤出头本体、A料预挤出段、B料预挤出段、汇流成型段，所述A料预挤出段、所述B料预挤出段均设于所述挤出头本体内并分别与所述A料 通道、所述B料通道连通；A料在离开所述A料预挤出段后形成第一预结构层和第二预结构层，B料在离开所述B料预挤出段后形成第二预结构层。In another aspect of the present application, there is provided an extrusion device for preparing the aforementioned SPC composite board, comprising an A material mixing device, a B material mixing device, a distributor and an extrusion head, wherein the distributor comprises a distributor body, an A material channel and a B material channel penetrating the distributor body, the A material channel is connected to the A material mixing device, and the B material channel is connected to the B material mixing device; the extrusion head comprises an extrusion head body, an A material pre-extrusion section, a B material pre-extrusion section, and a converging forming section, the A material pre-extrusion section and the B material pre-extrusion section are both arranged in the extrusion head body and are respectively connected to the A material channel and the B material channel; the A material forms a first pre-structured layer and a second pre-structured layer after leaving the A material pre-extrusion section, and the B material forms a second pre-structured layer after leaving the B material pre-extrusion section.
在一些实施例中，所述第一预结构层、所述第二预结构层的厚度是所述第一结构层、所述第三结构层的厚度的1.2～1.4倍，所述第二预结构层的壁厚与所述第二结构层的壁厚相等。In some embodiments, the thickness of the first pre-structural layer and the second pre-structural layer is 1.2 to 1.4 times the thickness of the first structural layer and the third structural layer, and the wall thickness of the second pre-structural layer is equal to the wall thickness of the second structural layer.
在一些实施例中，所述A料通道环绕所述B料通道设置，所述A料预挤出段环绕所述B料预挤出段设置。In some embodiments, the A material channel is arranged around the B material channel, and the A material pre-extrusion section is arranged around the B material pre-extrusion section.
在一些实施例中，沿x轴方向，所述B料预挤出段、所述A料预挤出段、所述汇流成型段依次设置。In some embodiments, along the x-axis direction, the B material pre-extrusion section, the A material pre-extrusion section, and the converging forming section are arranged in sequence.
在一些实施例中，所述B料成型段包括B料预挤出段和所述环绕B料预挤出段设置的A料流通段，A料在所述A料流通段的流量在x轴方向始终相等；所述A料成型段包括B料流通段和所述环绕B料流通段设置的A料预挤出段，B料在所述B料流通段中始终以第二预结构层的形态推进。In some embodiments, the B material forming section includes a B material pre-extrusion section and an A material flow section arranged around the B material pre-extrusion section, and the flow rate of A material in the A material flow section is always equal in the x-axis direction; the A material forming section includes a B material flow section and an A material pre-extrusion section arranged around the B material flow section, and the B material is always advanced in the form of a second pre-structured layer in the B material flow section.
在一些实施例中，所述汇流成型段的长度为8～12cm。In some embodiments, the length of the converging forming section is 8 to 12 cm.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.
图1为本申请实施例的SPC复合板的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an SPC composite board according to an embodiment of the present application.
图2为本申请实施例的挤出装置的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion device according to an embodiment of the present application.
图3为本申请实施例的分配器的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dispenser according to an embodiment of the present application.
图4为本申请实施例的挤出头的端面结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the extrusion head according to an embodiment of the present application.
图5为本申请实施例的挤出头的剖面结构示意图。FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the extrusion head according to an embodiment of the present application.
图中：100、装饰层，200、基材层，300、A料混料装置，400、B料混料装置，500、分配器，600、挤出头，210、第一结构层，220、第二结构层，230、第三结构层，221、部分空心六棱柱，510、分配器本体，520、A料入口通道，530、淌料区，540、A料通道，550、B料通道，610、挤出头本体，620、B料成型段，630、A料成型段，640、汇流成型段，621、B料预挤出段，622、A料流通段，631、B料流通段，632、A料预挤出段。In the figure: 100, decorative layer, 200, substrate layer, 300, A material mixing device, 400, B material mixing device, 500, distributor, 600, extruder head, 210, first structural layer, 220, second structural layer, 230, third structural layer, 221, partially hollow hexagonal prism, 510, distributor body, 520, A material inlet channel, 530, material flow area, 540, A material channel, 550, B material channel, 610, extruder head body, 620, B material molding section, 630, A material molding section, 640, confluence molding section, 621, B material pre-extrusion section, 622, A material flow section, 631, B material flow section, 632, A material pre-extrusion section.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
参照图1所示的一种SPC复合板，包括相互粘结复合的装饰层100和基材层200，基材层200包括通过共同挤出形成的、相互粘结复合的第一结构层210、第二结构层220和第三结构层230，第一结构层210、第二结构层220和第三结构层230三者的厚度比为1:(4～4.5):1，并且第二结构层220是具有中空的结构的质轻层。装饰层100是厚度为0.2mm的三聚氰胺装饰纸；基材层200的厚度为10mm，其中，第一、第三结构层210,230的厚度为2mm，第二结构层220的厚度为8mm。优选的，在基材层200的背面(第三结构层230所在一侧)黏附厚度为2mm的静音海绵，从而本实施例的SPC复合板的总厚度为12.2mm。Referring to an SPC composite board shown in FIG1 , it includes a decorative layer 100 and a substrate layer 200 bonded to each other, the substrate layer 200 includes a first structural layer 210, a second structural layer 220 and a third structural layer 230 bonded to each other formed by co-extrusion, the thickness ratio of the first structural layer 210, the second structural layer 220 and the third structural layer 230 is 1: (4-4.5): 1, and the second structural layer 220 is a light layer with a hollow structure. The decorative layer 100 is a melamine decorative paper with a thickness of 0.2 mm; the thickness of the substrate layer 200 is 10 mm, wherein the thickness of the first and third structural layers 210, 230 is 2 mm, and the thickness of the second structural layer 220 is 8 mm. Preferably, a 2 mm thick mute sponge is adhered to the back of the substrate layer 200 (the side where the third structural layer 230 is located), so that the total thickness of the SPC composite board of this embodiment is 12.2 mm.
借由上述结构，第一结构层210能够提供平整的粘结复合面，使基材层200适于与各类装饰层100粘结复合，同时第一结构层210还提供基材层200的韧性，并具有一定的强度以纠正第二结构层220可能发生的变形；第二结构层220为基材层200提供强度与富有弹性的脚感，减轻基材层200的整体重量，并纠正第一、第三结构层210,230可能发生的变形；第三结构层230能够与第一结构层210配合以纠正第二结构层220可能发生的变形。此处，第二结构层220由于是中空的质轻层，所以它在宽度与长度方向上的尺寸变形相对较小，但可能发生塌陷的变形。第一、第三结构层210,230是实心材料层，所以它们会发生一定的宽度与长度的变形，但在厚度是二者4～4.5倍的第二结构层220的作用下，能够在一定程度上被纠正。特别的，第一、第二、第三结构层210,220,230三者通过共挤复合，从而第一、第三结构层210,230与第二结构层220之间具有更强的相互纠正关系。By means of the above structure, the first structural layer 210 can provide a flat bonding composite surface, so that the substrate layer 200 is suitable for bonding and composite with various decorative layers 100. At the same time, the first structural layer 210 also provides the toughness of the substrate layer 200 and has a certain strength to correct the deformation of the second structural layer 220 that may occur; the second structural layer 220 provides strength and elastic foot feel for the substrate layer 200, reduces the overall weight of the substrate layer 200, and corrects the deformation of the first and third structural layers 210, 230 that may occur; the third structural layer 230 can cooperate with the first structural layer 210 to correct the deformation of the second structural layer 220 that may occur. Here, since the second structural layer 220 is a hollow light layer, its dimensional deformation in the width and length directions is relatively small, but it may collapse. The first and third structural layers 210, 230 are solid material layers, so they will have certain width and length deformations, but under the action of the second structural layer 220, which is 4 to 4.5 times thicker than the first and third structural layers, they can be corrected to a certain extent. In particular, the first, second and third structural layers 210 , 220 , 230 are compounded by co-extrusion, so that the first and third structural layers 210 , 230 and the second structural layer 220 have a stronger mutual correction relationship.
进一步地，第二结构层220的降低基材层200整体重量的技术效果不是通过发泡材料实现而是其本身就是中空的结构实现的，因此能够在极大程度上降低本实施例的SPC复合板的质量，同时避免发泡材料在共挤工艺中难于控制的问题，提高了生产效率与产品质量的稳定性。Furthermore, the technical effect of reducing the overall weight of the substrate layer 200 of the second structural layer 220 is not achieved through the foaming material but is achieved through the hollow structure itself. Therefore, the quality of the SPC composite board of this embodiment can be reduced to a great extent, while avoiding the problem that the foaming material is difficult to control in the co-extrusion process, thereby improving the production efficiency and the stability of product quality.
具体来说，本实施例中，第一、第三结构层210,230是由A料挤出形成的厚度层。A料包括五型树脂粉、重钙粉、添加剂，三者的质量比是1:3.5:0.1。第二结构层220是由B料挤出形成的厚度层。B料包括五型树脂粉、重钙粉、添加剂，三者的质量比是1:2:0.1。由于第一、第三结构层210,230由同种复合材料挤出且厚度相同，所以第一结构层210与第三结构层230二者的硬度相同。并因此，二者能够起到平衡的纠正作用。Specifically, in this embodiment, the first and third structural layers 210, 230 are thick layers formed by extruding material A. Material A includes type V resin powder, heavy calcium powder, and additives, and the mass ratio of the three is 1:3.5:0.1. The second structural layer 220 is a thick layer formed by extruding material B. Material B includes type V resin powder, heavy calcium powder, and additives, and the mass ratio of the three is 1:2:0.1. Since the first and third structural layers 210, 230 are extruded from the same composite material and have the same thickness, the hardness of the first structural layer 210 and the third structural layer 230 are the same. Therefore, the two can play a balancing and corrective role.
第二结构层220是由两行部分空心六棱柱221连结构成，部分空心六棱柱221的长度方向与基材层200的长度方向同向。部分空心六棱柱221的壁厚为0.2～0.3mm(例如0.25mm)。发明人发现，当部分空心六棱柱221的壁厚过大时，能够起到的减轻基材层200的整体重量的效果相对较差，并且在挤出时B料容易粘结在B料通道内，影响生产效率；当部分空心六棱柱221的壁厚过小时，容易发生塌陷的变形，并连同第一结构层210发生塌陷。由此，上述壁厚范围内能够兼顾质量的降低与结构的强度，并能够与流速相配合而缓解甚至消除B料在B料通道内发生粘结的现象。The second structural layer 220 is composed of two rows of partially hollow hexagonal prisms 221 connected together, and the length direction of the partially hollow hexagonal prisms 221 is in the same direction as the length direction of the substrate layer 200. The wall thickness of the partially hollow hexagonal prisms 221 is 0.2 to 0.3 mm (for example, 0.25 mm). The inventors found that when the wall thickness of the partially hollow hexagonal prisms 221 is too large, the effect of reducing the overall weight of the substrate layer 200 is relatively poor, and the B material is easy to adhere to the B material channel during extrusion, affecting production efficiency; when the wall thickness of the partially hollow hexagonal prisms 221 is too small, it is easy to collapse and deform, and collapse together with the first structural layer 210. Therefore, within the above-mentioned wall thickness range, both the reduction in mass and the strength of the structure can be taken into account, and the phenomenon of the B material adhering in the B material channel can be alleviated or even eliminated in coordination with the flow rate.
特别的，发明人发现，当优选六棱柱形态作为中空单元形态，并选择0.2～0.3mm范围内的壁厚时，能够在最大程度上保证第二结构层220的力学强度、宽度方向的稳定性。In particular, the inventors have found that when a hexagonal prism shape is preferred as the hollow unit shape and a wall thickness in the range of 0.2 to 0.3 mm is selected, the mechanical strength and stability in the width direction of the second structural layer 220 can be guaranteed to the greatest extent.
参照图2所示，本实施例同时还提供了一种用于制备前述的SPC复合板的挤出装置，包括A料混料装置300、B料混料装置400、分配器500和挤出头600。其中，A料混料装置310、B料混料装置320可以是现有技术的，只要能够向分配器330输送A料和B料即可。2 , this embodiment also provides an extrusion device for preparing the aforementioned SPC composite board, including an A material mixing device 300, a B material mixing device 400, a distributor 500 and an extrusion head 600. Among them, the A material mixing device 310 and the B material mixing device 320 can be existing technologies, as long as they can convey the A material and the B material to the distributor 330.
特别的，参照图3所示，分配器500包括分配器本体510、贯穿分配器本体510的A料通道540和B料通道550。A料混料装置300通过管路从侧面与两个A料入口通道520连通，两个A料入口通道520则分别通过A料通道540的上部、下部的淌料区530与其连通，以分别形成第一结构层210和第三结构层230。A料通道540是扁环形通道。B料混料装置400通过管路与B料通道550连通，B料通道550是扁圆柱形通道。A料通道540与B料通道550相隔离，且A料通道540环绕B料通道550设置。In particular, as shown in FIG. 3 , the distributor 500 includes a distributor body 510, an A material channel 540 and a B material channel 550 that penetrate the distributor body 510. The A material mixing device 300 is connected to the two A material inlet channels 520 from the side through a pipeline, and the two A material inlet channels 520 are connected to the A material channel 540 through the upper and lower flow areas 530, respectively, to form the first structural layer 210 and the third structural layer 230, respectively. The A material channel 540 is a flat annular channel. The B material mixing device 400 is connected to the B material channel 550 through a pipeline, and the B material channel 550 is a flat cylindrical channel. The A material channel 540 is isolated from the B material channel 550, and the A material channel 540 is arranged around the B material channel 550.
通过上述结构，A料自A料混料装置300流出并分别通过上、下两个A料入口通道520流入上、下两个淌料区530，最后汇入A料通道540中。B料自B料混料装置400流出直接流入B料通道550。A料在B料通道550通道壁的分隔下环绕B料。Through the above structure, the A material flows out from the A material mixing device 300 and flows into the upper and lower material flow areas 530 through the upper and lower A material inlet channels 520 respectively, and finally merges into the A material channel 540. The B material flows out from the B material mixing device 400 and directly flows into the B material channel 550. The A material surrounds the B material under the separation of the channel wall of the B material channel 550.
参照图4、图5所示，挤出头600包括挤出头本体610，在挤出头本体610中，沿x轴方向依次具有B料成型段620、A料成型段630和汇流成型段640。特别的，在B料成型段620中，包括B料预挤出段621和环绕B料预挤出段621设置的A料流通段622。B料自分配器500的B料通道550进入挤出头600后，通过B料预挤出段621挤出形成第二结构层220，此时，A料预挤出段620、B料预挤出段630相间隔。A料自分配器500的A料通道540进入A料流通段622后，A料的流量始终相同，即，A料流通段622不对A料进行成型处理。As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the extruder 600 includes an extruder body 610, in which a B material forming section 620, an A material forming section 630 and a converging forming section 640 are sequentially provided along the x-axis direction. In particular, the B material forming section 620 includes a B material pre-extrusion section 621 and an A material flow section 622 arranged around the B material pre-extrusion section 621. After the B material enters the extruder 600 from the B material channel 550 of the distributor 500, it is extruded through the B material pre-extrusion section 621 to form the second structural layer 220. At this time, the A material pre-extrusion section 620 and the B material pre-extrusion section 630 are spaced apart. After the A material enters the A material flow section 622 from the A material channel 540 of the distributor 500, the flow rate of the A material is always the same, that is, the A material flow section 622 does not perform a molding process on the A material.
A料成型段630包括B料流通段631和环绕B料流通段631设置的A料预挤出段632，此时，B料流通段631、A料预挤出段632相间隔。A料自A料流通段622进入A料预挤出段632后，通过A料预挤出段632挤出形成环绕第一结构层220的环形厚度层，其中位于第二结构层220上方的是第一结构层210，位于第二结构层220下方的是第三结构层230。B料在B料流通段631保持第二结构层220的形态流动，并发生一定程度的固化以形成具有一定的强度的第二预结构层。The A material forming section 630 includes a B material flow section 631 and an A material pre-extrusion section 632 arranged around the B material flow section 631. At this time, the B material flow section 631 and the A material pre-extrusion section 632 are spaced apart. After the A material enters the A material pre-extrusion section 632 from the A material flow section 622, it is extruded through the A material pre-extrusion section 632 to form an annular thickness layer surrounding the first structural layer 220, wherein the first structural layer 210 is located above the second structural layer 220, and the third structural layer 230 is located below the second structural layer 220. The B material flows in the shape of the second structural layer 220 in the B material flow section 631, and solidifies to a certain extent to form a second pre-structural layer with a certain strength.
最终，以第一结构层210、第三结构层230的形态流动的A料与以第二结构层220的形态被推进的B料在汇流成型段640汇流。汇流成型段的长度为8～12cm，例如10cm，以确保足够的汇流长度使第一、第二预结构层与第二预结构层之间形成较高的共挤复合结合强度。Finally, the A material flowing in the form of the first structural layer 210 and the third structural layer 230 and the B material pushed in the form of the second structural layer 220 converge at the converging forming section 640. The length of the converging forming section is 8 to 12 cm, for example, 10 cm, to ensure sufficient converging length to form a higher co-extrusion composite bonding strength between the first and second pre-structural layers and the second pre-structural layer.
作为一种优选的实施方式，B料在离开B料预挤出段621后形成的第二预结构层的壁厚与第二结构层220的壁厚相等。A料在离开A料预挤出段632后形成第一预结构层和第二预结构层，第一、第二预结构层的厚度是第一、第三结构层210,230的厚度的1.2～1.4倍。换言之，A料在进入汇流成型段640后发生进一步的挤压，从而能够利于在第一、第二预结构层与第二预结构层之间形成较高的共挤复合结合强度。As a preferred embodiment, the wall thickness of the second pre-structured layer formed by the B material after leaving the B material pre-extrusion section 621 is equal to the wall thickness of the second structure layer 220. The A material forms the first pre-structured layer and the second pre-structured layer after leaving the A material pre-extrusion section 632, and the thickness of the first and second pre-structured layers is 1.2 to 1.4 times the thickness of the first and third structure layers 210, 230. In other words, the A material is further extruded after entering the converging forming section 640, which can facilitate the formation of a higher co-extrusion composite bonding strength between the first and second pre-structured layers and the second pre-structured layer.
以上描述是为了进行图示说明而不是为了进行限制。通过阅读上述描述，在所提供的示例之外的许多实施方式和许多应用对本领域技术人员来说都将是显而易见的。因此，本教导的范围不应该参照上述描述来确定，而是应该参照所附权利要求以及这些权利要求所拥有的等价物的全部范围来确定。出于全面之目的，所有文章和参考包括专利申请和公告的公开都通过参考结合在本文中。在前述权利要求中省略这里公开的主题的任何方面并不是为了放弃该主体内容，也不应该认为申请人没有将该主题考虑为所公开的申请主题的一部分。The above description is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. Upon reading the above description, many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of the present teachings should not be determined with reference to the above description, but should be determined with reference to the appended claims and the full scope of equivalents possessed by such claims. For the purpose of comprehensiveness, all articles and references, including disclosures of patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the preceding claims is not intended to be a waiver of such subject matter, nor should it be considered that the applicant has not considered such subject matter as part of the disclosed application subject matter.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种SPC复合板，包括相互粘结复合的装饰层和基材层，其特征在于，所述基材层包括通过共同挤出形成的、相互粘结复合的第一结构层、第二结构层和第三结构层，所述第一结构层、所述第二结构层和所述第三结构层三者的厚度比为1:(4～4.5):1，并且所述第二结构层是具有中空的结构的质轻层。A SPC composite board comprises a decorative layer and a substrate layer which are bonded and compounded to each other, wherein the substrate layer comprises a first structural layer, a second structural layer and a third structural layer which are formed by co-extrusion and bonded to each other, wherein the thickness ratio of the first structural layer, the second structural layer and the third structural layer is 1:(4-4.5):1, and the second structural layer is a lightweight layer having a hollow structure.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的SPC复合板，其特征在于，所述第一结构层与所述第三结构层二者的硬度比为1:1。The SPC composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the hardness ratio between the first structural layer and the third structural layer is 1:1.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的SPC复合板，其特征在于，所述第二结构层由多个部分空心六棱柱连结构成，所述部分空心六棱柱的长度方向与所述SPC复合板的长度方向同向。The SPC composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second structural layer is composed of a plurality of partially hollow hexagonal prisms connected together, and the length direction of the partially hollow hexagonal prisms is in the same direction as the length direction of the SPC composite panel.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的SPC复合板，其特征在于，所述部分空心六棱柱的壁厚为0.2～0.3mm。The SPC composite panel according to claim 3 is characterized in that the wall thickness of the partially hollow hexagonal prisms is 0.2 to 0.3 mm.
  5. 一种用于制备如权利要求1所述的SPC复合板的挤出装置，其特征在于，包括A料混料装置、B料混料装置、分配器和挤出头，所述分配器包括分配器本体、贯穿所述分配器本体的A料通道和B料通道，所述A料通道与所述A料混料装置连通，所述B料通道与所述B料混料装置连通；所述挤出头包括挤出头本体、A料预挤出段、B料预挤出段、汇流成型段，所述A料预挤出段、所述B料预挤出段均设于所述挤出头本体内并分别与所述A料通道、所述B料通道连通；A料在离开所述A料预挤出段后形成第一预结构层和第二预结构层，B料在离开所述B料预挤出段后形成第二预结构层。An extrusion device for preparing an SPC composite board as described in claim 1, characterized in that it includes an A material mixing device, a B material mixing device, a distributor and an extrusion head, the distributor includes a distributor body, an A material channel and a B material channel running through the distributor body, the A material channel is connected to the A material mixing device, and the B material channel is connected to the B material mixing device; the extrusion head includes an extrusion head body, an A material pre-extrusion section, a B material pre-extrusion section, and a converging forming section, the A material pre-extrusion section and the B material pre-extrusion section are both arranged in the extrusion head body and are respectively connected to the A material channel and the B material channel; the A material forms a first pre-structured layer and a second pre-structured layer after leaving the A material pre-extrusion section, and the B material forms a second pre-structured layer after leaving the B material pre-extrusion section.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的挤出装置，其特征在于，所述第一预结构层、所述第二预结构层的厚度是所述第一结构层、所述第三结构层的厚度的1.2～1.4倍，所述第二预结构层的壁厚与所述第二结构层的壁厚相等。The extrusion device according to claim 5 is characterized in that the thickness of the first pre-structure layer and the second pre-structure layer is 1.2 to 1.4 times the thickness of the first structure layer and the third structure layer, and the wall thickness of the second pre-structure layer is equal to the wall thickness of the second structure layer.
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的挤出装置，其特征在于，所述A料通道环绕所述B料通道设置，所述A料预挤出段环绕所述B料预挤出段设置。The extrusion device according to claim 5 is characterized in that the A material channel is arranged around the B material channel, and the A material pre-extrusion section is arranged around the B material pre-extrusion section.
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的挤出装置，其特征在于，沿x轴方向，所述B料预挤出段、所述A料预挤出段、所述汇流成型段依次设置。The extrusion device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, along the x-axis direction, the B material pre-extrusion section, the A material pre-extrusion section, and the converging forming section are arranged in sequence.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的挤出装置，其特征在于，所述B料成型段包括B料预挤出段和所述环绕B料预挤出段设置的A料流通段，A料在所述A料流通段的流量在x轴方向始终相等；所述A料成型段包括B料流通段和所述环绕B料流通段设置的A料预挤出段，B料在所述B料流通段中始终以第二预结构层的形态推进。The extrusion device according to claim 8 is characterized in that the B material forming section includes a B material pre-extrusion section and an A material flow section arranged around the B material pre-extrusion section, and the flow rate of A material in the A material flow section is always equal in the x-axis direction; the A material forming section includes a B material flow section and an A material pre-extrusion section arranged around the B material flow section, and the B material is always advanced in the form of a second pre-structured layer in the B material flow section.
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的挤出装置，其特征在于，所述汇流成型段的长度为8～12cm。The extrusion device according to claim 5 is characterized in that the length of the converging forming section is 8 to 12 cm.
PCT/CN2022/143212 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 Spc composite board and extrusion device therefor WO2024138496A1 (en)

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