WO2024109743A1 - 空气动力模拟飞行设备 - Google Patents
空气动力模拟飞行设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024109743A1 WO2024109743A1 PCT/CN2023/132959 CN2023132959W WO2024109743A1 WO 2024109743 A1 WO2024109743 A1 WO 2024109743A1 CN 2023132959 W CN2023132959 W CN 2023132959W WO 2024109743 A1 WO2024109743 A1 WO 2024109743A1
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 102100023591 Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
- G09B9/02—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft
- G09B9/08—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft for teaching control of aircraft, e.g. Link trainer
Definitions
- the present application relates to a flight simulation device, and more specifically to a device that utilizes real aerodynamic forces to allow an aircraft to simulate real flight experience and training on the ground.
- Aerodynamic flight simulation in the prior art is basically carried out in a wind tunnel.
- a wind tunnel In order for an aircraft to "fly" in a wind tunnel, that is, to float, it is necessary to provide the aircraft with sufficient lift. Therefore, the wind tunnel needs to have strong power and provide sufficient wind force, which can usually only be provided in special occasions such as aviation design, military, and scientific research. This has become an obstacle to the widespread application of aerodynamic flight simulation in ordinary civilian fields.
- the wind tunnel provides wind power over its entire cross section, which is usually circular. That is, the wind power is roughly evenly distributed over the entire cross section.
- the area of the aircraft that really needs wind power is the windward area, usually the area of the two wings, which is much smaller than the cross section of the wind tunnel! Therefore, the existing wind tunnel technology actually wastes most of the wind power for simulated flight, although this waste is necessary. And it is this necessity that has hindered people from exploring more efficient wind power utilization - That is, a lower-cost aerodynamic flight simulation equipment, so no one has made further improvements to it so far.
- FIG. 1a shows a front projection view of the wind-exposed areas of several aircraft suspended in a wind tunnel
- FIG. 1b is a top view showing the top views of these aircraft from top to bottom corresponding to FIG. 1a , to assist in understanding the front view of FIG. 1a .
- the wind-receiving area 110 of the hang glider on the windward section, the wind-receiving area (i.e., the paraglider) 120 of the paraglider on the frontal section, and the wind-receiving area 130 of the glider on the frontal section are all very wide and flat thin strips.
- the wind-receiving area of the glider is particularly wide, and a general wind tunnel cannot accommodate it. It is specially reduced in the figure, and its proportion is different from that of the hang glider and paraglider in the same frame, only to show the relative size with the wind tunnel section.
- the wind-exposed area of almost all aircraft only occupies a very small portion of the circular cross-sectional area 100 of the wind tunnel, and the wind force in most of the remaining area of the cross-sectional area is not directly used to generate lift for the aircraft.
- cylindrical channel wall of the wind tunnel needs to be made larger than the aircraft, which also requires high costs.
- CN104992586A discloses a technical solution that eliminates the channel wall of the wind tunnel, but the cross-section of the wind field blown out by the fan is still circular and covers the entire aircraft, so most of the wind force is wasted.
- the present application provides an aerodynamic flight simulation device, comprising: an aircraft carrying a simulated flight personnel; and at least one fan for supplying air to the aircraft, wherein the air outlets of the at least one fan are arranged to form at least one row and are closely aligned with the wind receiving area of the aircraft, and the wind force required for the aircraft to suspend is provided only in the wind receiving area of the aircraft. .
- the air outlet of the at least one fan extends through an air duct, and the air duct includes at least one row of air outlets closely aligned with the wind receiving area of the aircraft.
- the air outlet is directed obliquely upward and closely to the wind-receiving area of the aircraft.
- the air outlets are distributed in two or more rows on two or more horizontal layers.
- the aerodynamic flight simulation device further includes: an air supply bracket, and the fan and/or the air duct connected thereto are installed on the air supply bracket.
- the air supply bracket is of a lifting type.
- the aerodynamic flight simulation device further includes: an aircraft bracket for hanging the aircraft.
- the air supply bracket and the aircraft bracket can be formed as one body.
- the aerodynamic flight simulation device further includes: a running device for the simulated flight personnel to simulate the running takeoff on the spot.
- the running device may also include a braking device for preventing the running device from sliding unnecessarily, and may also include a running speed signal acquisition device for controlling the slope of the running device and/or controlling the wind force of the fan.
- the aerodynamic flight simulation device also includes: a video display device for viewing.
- the aircraft is a gliding aircraft.
- a device for real aerodynamic suspension experience or aircraft ground control training that cannot be provided by existing flight simulation equipment is provided at a low cost.
- FIG1a is a front view of the wind-exposed area of a hang glider, a paraglider, and a glider suspended in a wind tunnel;
- FIG. 1 b is a top view of a hang glider, a paraglider, and a glider corresponding to FIG. 1 a , suspended in a wind tunnel;
- FIG2a is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the aerodynamic flight simulation device of the present application, wherein the aircraft adopts a glider, which is suspended under a cantilever aircraft support, and a plurality of fans are installed on two "ground-type" air supply supports that are directly on the ground;
- FIG2b is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the aerodynamic flight simulation device of the present application, wherein the aircraft is a glider, suspended under a cantilever aircraft support, and a fan is branched and extended through an air duct, and is divided into multiple air outlets and installed on two "ground-type" air supply supports that are directly on the ground;
- FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a gantry of an aerodynamic flight simulation device of the present application, wherein two “inverted hanging” air supply brackets are invertedly installed under the top beam structure of the gantry;
- FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the gantry of the aerodynamic flight simulation device of the present application, wherein two air supply brackets are mounted upside down under the top beam structure of the gantry, and the glider is also suspended under the top beam structure of the gantry;
- FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the aerodynamic flight simulation device of the present application, wherein a hangar with front and rear doors forming a ventilation duct is used for both installing air supply brackets and hanging aircraft;
- FIG. 6 is a front view of another embodiment of the aerodynamic flight simulation device of the present application, wherein the aircraft is a paraglider, a hangar with front and rear doors to form a ventilation duct serves as a gantry, and an air supply bracket is installed upside down under the top beam structure of the hangar.
- the dedicated wind tunnel wall is very expensive, so it would be beneficial to provide wind power only in the windward area of the aircraft and remove the dedicated wind tunnel wall. Because after removing the wind tunnel wall, the wind power will rapidly decay with the distance from the air outlet, so it is also beneficial to place the wind power source, that is, the fan, close to the windward area of the aircraft.
- the aerodynamic flight simulation equipment proposed in the present application at least includes: an aircraft for carrying personnel for simulated flight; and one or more fans, whose air outlets are closely aligned with the wind-receiving area of the aircraft.
- Gliding aircraft in the field of aviation sports including hang gliders (also known as unpowered delta wings), paragliders, gliders, etc., all have relatively low stall speeds and require relatively low wind speeds for suspension.
- These real aircraft - rather than models - can and are more suitable as low-cost ground simulation aircraft using aerodynamic suspension.
- the specific implementation of the present application is described below using an aviation sports gliding aircraft as an example. It is understandable that other suitable aircraft may also be used.
- the orthographic projection of the wind-receiving area of the aircraft is basically a long and thin strip.
- the technical solution of the present application arranges the air outlets of the fans in rows in the wind-receiving area of the aircraft, so that the required total fan power is reduced. If the wind force is provided by multiple fans in a dispersed manner, the power required for each fan will be smaller, making it possible to use ordinary civilian fans.
- an air supply bracket can be added and multiple fans can be installed on one air supply bracket, or the air outlet of the fan extended through the air duct can be installed on the air supply bracket, and the fan itself can be installed on the ground or other location.
- the aircraft adopts a glider 11 and carries a person 5 to simulate
- a plurality of fans 21 are respectively installed in a row on two air supply brackets 22, so that the plurality of fans 21 - more specifically, their own air outlets - are closely aligned with the wind receiving area of the aircraft, preferably obliquely upwardly aligned with the two wings of the hang glider 11 to supply air so that the wind receiving angle of its lower wing surface is more conducive to suspension.
- FIG. 2b shows another embodiment, in which multiple fans are not directly aligned with the hang glider 11, but only one fan 21 with relatively high power is connected to the air duct 25, and its air outlet is extended and branched, distributed as multiple air outlets 251 that are obliquely upward and aligned with the two wings of the hang glider 11.
- the multiple air outlets 251 distributed along the two wings in the figure can also be connected to form two slender strips of air outlets, and even the two slender strips of air outlets can be connected as one slender strip of air outlet.
- the setting of the air outlet extended by the air duct can make the fan 21 farther away from the personnel and make less noise.
- two or more fans with slightly lower power can also be used to connect the air duct in a dispersed manner.
- the height and position of the air supply bracket 22 are set to make the air outlets of the multiple fans 21 themselves, or the multiple air outlets 251 extended and distributed by one or more fans, as close as possible to the leading edges of the two wings of the hang glider to reduce the attenuation of the wind before reaching the wind receiving area.
- the aircraft is likely to hit the fan or bracket forward, which makes the simulated flight personnel concerned.
- the air supply bracket 22 in FIG3 is installed upside down under the top beam structure 231 of the gantry 23.
- the at least four pillars of the ground-type bracket are changed to the two side pillars of the gantry. There are no obstacles near the ground in the middle of the gantry, and the obstacles in the personnel's field of vision are reduced. The remaining space can be used to install a screen to display the aerial scene.
- the building is preferably a hangar 32 with doors that can be opened front and back to form a ventilation duct as shown in FIG5. It can be understood that even if the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, 3, and 4 are adopted, that is, the hangar 32 is used but not used to install air supply brackets or hang aircraft, and the present application is only implemented in a building such as a hangar that forms a ventilation duct, it is still advantageous. Because the use of ready-made buildings is less expensive than wind tunnels, and the ventilation duct plays the role of a wind tunnel to a certain extent. In addition, this allows simulated flight to be carried out in adverse weather such as rain, snow, and hail, which is also advantageous.
- multiple fans 21 or multiple air outlets 251 extending from one or more fans are divided into two groups, which are respectively installed in a row on two air supply brackets 22, close to the two wings of the glider 11. Because they are divided into two air supply brackets, it is convenient to adapt to the sweep angles of different aircraft, provide better lift, and facilitate manufacturing, installation, disassembly, and transportation.
- the two air supply brackets 22 are respectively arranged to be substantially parallel to the leading edges 111 of the two wings of the hang glider 11, so that each fan 21 or air outlet 251 is equally close to the two wings of the hang glider 11. Since the leading edges 111 of the two wings of the hang glider have a certain sweep angle, the two "I"-shaped brackets are arranged in an "eight" shape on the ground.
- the position of the paraglider after inflation is much higher than that of a person. If the fan is to be set along the wind-receiving area of the paraglider, the air supply bracket also needs to have a corresponding height, which is much higher than the height required for the glider (not shown).
- the building shown in the figure, the hangar 32 is used to install the air supply bracket, as shown in Figure 6. It can be understood that for paragliders, the "ground-type" air supply bracket shown in Figures 2a and 2b can also be used, but the bracket needs to be made higher or made into a lifting type to adapt to the wing height of different aircraft.
- the air supply bracket 22 is installed upside down below the top structure 321 in the hangar 32.
- the two air supply brackets 22 can be arranged in an "eight" shape on the vertical plane with a certain curvature, and respectively align with the leading edges 121 of the left and right paragliders.
- the straight line formed by the two air supply brackets 22 is also parallel to the straight line formed by the leading edges 121 of the two wings of the paraglider 12 after the wing is inflated and formed.
- the air supply bracket 22 shown in FIG. 6 is arc-shaped, it can also be straight-line-shaped for ease of manufacture and can also be roughly aligned with the leading edges 121 of the two wings of the paraglider 12 .
- FIG. 6 does not show an embodiment in which the fan extends through the air duct to distribute the air outlet for use in a paraglider, this solution can obviously also be adopted.
- the sweep angle formed by the leading edges 131 of the two wings is close to 0 degrees as shown in FIG. 1b , and the fan outlets can be installed in a straight line on an air supply bracket, or two air supply brackets can be arranged in a straight line without forming an angle (not shown).
- the air supply bracket can be one, two, or more, and the present application can be implemented in any of them.
- the fan outlet of the present application can be set to have an upward elevation angle, so that the air supply direction is obliquely upward, simulating the upward dynamic airflow of the windward slope. This can provide more lift with the same power, making it easier for the aircraft to float.
- the total power of the fan 21 arranged as above is smaller than the total power of the fan required in the wind tunnel, which reduces energy consumption and cost, and is more suitable for ordinary civilian use.
- the hang glider can be carried by people and the paraglider can be blown up by the wind, they land very lightly, so this kind of ultralight aircraft can be used for simulated flight with a wind supply device, and the bracket for hanging the aircraft is not necessary but optional.
- the hang glider (and some ultralight gliders) are carried on the person, and the paraglider is on the ground behind the person; when the wind machine is turned on, as the wind force increases, the hang glider or paraglider will first float up, and then as the wind force increases further, the person will also float with the hang glider or paraglider; when the wind machine stops, or when the person does not operate well and the hang glider or paraglider does not get enough lift, the person can land at any time, so it is not necessary to use the aircraft bracket to hang the hang glider or paraglider bag.
- a suspension device can be added, such as the aircraft bracket 31 shown in Figures 2a and 2b, for suspending the aircraft (glider 11) and the passengers (if any), so that they can leave the ground and remain suspended even when there is no wind supply, so that they will not fall to the ground even if they are blown crooked by improper control or when the fan stops.
- their wing is soft and shapeless and cannot be suspended. Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, the wing itself does not need to be suspended, and the seat bag and the passengers are suspended under the aircraft bracket 31.
- a suspension device For a glider that is relatively heavy and cannot be carried by a person, it is best to have a suspension device to suspend it off the ground, otherwise it is not easy to switch from the grounded state to the suspended state, and vice versa, the switch from the suspended state to the grounded state will face the problem of falling to the ground and being damaged.
- a cantilever aircraft support 31 with rear-mounted supports as shown in Figures 2a and 2b can be used to prevent the two supports of the support from colliding with the two wings of the glider, which usually have a small sweep angle.
- the aircraft support may adopt other forms besides the cantilever type, such as the gantry type, or even the gantry formed by the hangar.
- the aircraft bracket 31 may also be formed integrally with the gantry 23 or the hangar 32, that is, the air supply bracket and the fan are installed under the top beam structure 231 of the gantry 23 or the top structure 321 of the hangar 32, and the aircraft is also suspended, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
- FIG4 shows an embodiment of using a gantry to install both the air supply bracket and its fan and the hang glider, wherein the gantry 23 is indicated by a simple thick black line.
- the uprights of the gantry 23 are located on the left and right sides, and the air supply bracket 22 and the hang glider 11 are respectively mounted upside down in front of and behind the top beam structure 231 of the gantry 23, and multiple fans 21 (or air outlets, using the solution of air ducts) are installed on the air supply bracket 22.
- the air supply bracket 22 does not need to be installed upside down, and can still be installed on the ground similar to Figures 2a and 2b, becoming a "ground-type" bracket connected to the gantry, and the gantry only serves as a bracket for hanging the aircraft.
- FIG4 shows an unmanned state, where the hang glider 11 is naturally suspended at a certain height from the ground, and the suspension rope 301 for suspending the hang glider 11 is in a straight state, with the leading edges of the two wings lower than the height of the fan 21.
- the personnel will lift the hang glider 11 to raise the height of the hang glider 11, and the suspension rope 301 will become soft and bent, with the leading edges of the two wings just close to the fan 21.
- the fan 21 is turned on to supply air, and the hang glider 11 itself will begin to float, and even float with the personnel.
- the air supply bracket 22 and its fan 21, as well as the hang glider can also be fixed relative to each other and rotated 90 degrees together and installed between the left and right columns of the gantry 23.
- FIG5 is that the aircraft is suspended on the top structure 321 of the hangar 32 in a hangar 32 whose front and rear ends can be opened to form a ventilation duct.
- the air supply bracket 22 is also installed upside down under the top structure 321 of the hangar 32.
- the figure shows that in a windless state, the hang glider 11 is naturally suspended at a certain height from the ground, and the suspension rope 301 suspending the hang glider 11 is in a straight state, and the leading edges of the two wings are lower than the height of the fan outlet.
- the personnel will carry the hang glider 11 to increase the height of the hang glider 11 to a certain extent, and the leading edges of the two wings are just close to the fan outlet.
- the fan 21 is turned on to supply air, and the hang glider 11 itself begins to float, and even floats with the personnel.
- the air supply bracket 22 can also be installed not on the top structure 321, but using the gantry 23 shown in Figure 3 to install the air supply bracket 22.
- an aircraft bracket 31 as shown in Figures 2a and 2b can be added.
- the aircraft is not suspended under the top structure 321, but is suspended under the aircraft bracket 31, and simulated flight can still be performed.
- the hang glider 11 In a windless state when the fan is not started, as shown in FIG5 , the hang glider 11 is not suspended, and the sling 301 is straightened by the weight of the suspended hang glider.
- the height of the aircraft support 31 and the length of the sling 301 are set to ensure that the suspended hang glider is slightly off the ground, and a certain amount of rising space is reserved.
- the hang glider When the hang glider is suspended, it is relatively higher than when it is not suspended, but it will not touch the top of the aircraft support (in the embodiment shown in FIG5 , the hangar top beam structure serves as the aircraft support). This can ensure that even if the aircraft fails to control and falls, it will not touch the ground, and it will not touch the top when it is suspended and rises, and it is safely suspended in the air.
- the hang glider 11 floats up first (not shown). At this time, the rope 302 of the hanging bag worn by the person 5 is in a state of being straightened by the weight of the person 5, and the rope 301 hanging the hang glider 11 under the aircraft support 31 is in a soft and bent state due to the suspension of the hang glider. When the speed is sufficient, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b , the hang glider 11 can float with the person 5 , and both feet of the person 5 leave the ground.
- a running device 4 similar to a treadmill can be added and placed under the aircraft for the simulated flight personnel to run on the spot, as shown in Figures 2a and 2b.
- the running device 4 does not provide power and does not move by itself, but rotates passively when the simulated flight personnel runs.
- the tracks or rollers on the running device 4 will rotate, providing an experience similar to running on a hill.
- a sensor can be set in the running device 4 to sense the rotation speed of the track or roller, thereby transmitting a running speed signal to the air supply device to increase or decrease the wind force.
- the signal can also be used to adjust the slope of the running device itself. When the running speed is increased, the slope is increased to provide a more realistic hillside running simulation effect.
- a brake device can also be provided in the running device 4, and when the simulated flight personnel are not ready, or after landing, the brake state is maintained to prevent the crawler track of the running device from sliding unnecessarily, making it difficult for the person to stand firmly.
- the brake can be released, so that the crawler track can be driven by the person's running steps.
- a large screen, virtual reality glasses or other video display devices can be set up to play a three-dimensional video of the aerial view for the simulated flight personnel to watch.
- the video playback can be controlled by the speed signal transmitted by the running device and the control action of the personnel (sensors need to be installed).
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Abstract
一种利用空气动力模拟真实飞行的设备，包括：飞行器，搭载模拟飞行人员；以及至少一台风机，向所述飞行器送风，其出风口设置成至少形成一排，并贴近对准所述飞行器的受风区域，仅在所述飞行器的受风区域提供所述飞行器悬浮所需的风力。
Description
本申请涉及一种模拟飞行设备，具体而言涉及一种利用真实的空气动力让飞行器在地面模拟真实飞行体验和训练的设备。
在模拟飞行领域，现有的模拟飞行设备，大多是利用声、光、电装置以及体感姿态变化装置，来给模拟飞行人员提供类似空中飞行的感受。这没有提供真实的空气动力学环境，无法让人在地面完全真实地体验和训练飞行器在空气中的操控。然而，飞行体验和训练，需要体验者和训练者乘坐的飞行器在真实的空气动力学环境中，最好能达到“悬浮”状态，才能感受和练习真实飞行器的真实操控。为了安全，这种悬浮最好在地面很低的地方进行。
现有技术中的空气动力模拟飞行，基本上是在风洞中进行的。为了让飞行器能在风洞里“飞”起来，也就是悬浮起来，需要给飞行器提供足够的升力。因此风洞需要具有强大的功率，提供足够风力，这通常只能在航空设计、军用、科研等特殊场合提供。这就成为了制约空气动力模拟飞行在普通民用领域得到广泛应用的障碍。
风洞在其整个截面——通常为圆形——上都提供风力，亦即，风力在其整个截面上是大致均匀分布的。而实际上，从迎风截面来看，真正需要风力的是飞行器受风区域，通常是两翼的区域，远小于风洞截面！所以，现有技术的风洞进行模拟飞行，实际上造成了大部分风力的浪费，尽管这种浪费是有其必要性的。而正是这种必要性，阻碍了人们探索风力利用率更高的——
亦即成本更低的——空气动力模拟飞行设备，因此至今无人对此作出进一步改进。
图1a显示了几种在风洞中悬浮的飞行器的受风区域正面投影视图，图1b的俯视图从上到下与图1a对应地显示了这几种飞行器的俯视图，用于辅助看懂图1a的正视图。
如图所示，在风洞中，滑翔翼在迎风截面上的受风区域110、滑翔伞在迎面截面上的的受风区域(即伞翼)120、滑翔机在迎面截面上的受风区域130，都是很宽很扁的细长条。其中滑翔机的受风区域尤其宽，一般的风洞都无法容纳，图中将其特别缩小显示，其比例与同框的滑翔翼和滑翔伞并不相同，仅为了显示与风洞截面的相对大小。
几乎所有飞行器的受风区域都只占风洞的圆形截面区域100的很小部分，截面上其余大部分区域的风力都没有直接用于让飞行器产生升力。
另外，风洞的圆柱形通道壁需要做得比飞行器更大，也需要很高的成本。
CN104992586A公开了一种技术方案，取消了风洞的通道壁，但风机吹出的风场截面依然是覆盖整个飞行器的圆形，大部分风力浪费了。
目前并没有一种广泛适用于普通民用环境的模拟飞行设备，可以用大大低于风洞的成本提供真实空气动力环境，让真实飞行器在地面上以极低的高度安全地模拟飞行甚至达到悬浮状态，以便让人既安全又真实地体验飞行。
如果能以较低的制造和运营成本提供普通民用的空气动力模拟飞行设备，将非常有价值。即便风机功率达不到让飞行器和模拟飞行人员一起悬浮
的程度，能让飞行器(例如滑翔翼、滑翔伞)本身(不含模拟飞行人员)悬浮，以便进行地面操控训练(逗翼、逗伞)也是有价值的。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种空气动力模拟飞行设备，包括：飞行器，搭载模拟飞行人员；以及至少一台风机，向所述飞行器送风，所述至少一台风机的出风口设置成至少形成一排，并贴近对准所述飞行器的受风区域，仅在所述飞行器的受风区域提供所述飞行器悬浮所需的风力。。
根据本申请空气动力模拟飞行设备，所述至少一台风机的出风口通过风管延伸，所述风管包括至少一排贴近对准所述飞行器的受风区域的出风口。
根据本申请空气动力模拟飞行设备，所述出风口斜向上贴近对准所述飞行器的受风区域。
根据本申请空气动力模拟飞行设备，所述出风口在两个或更多水平层上呈两排或更多排分布。
根据本申请空气动力模拟飞行设备，还包括：送风支架，所述风机和/或与其连接的风管安装在所述送风支架上。
根据本申请空气动力模拟飞行设备，所述送风支架是升降式的。
根据本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备，还包括：飞行器支架，悬挂所述飞行器。
根据本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备，所述送风支架和飞行器支架可以形成为一体。
根据本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备，还包括：跑步装置，供所述模拟飞行人员原地模拟助跑起飞。所述跑步装置还可以包括刹车装置，用于防止所述跑步装置不必要的滑动，还可以包括运转速度信号采集装置，用于控制所述跑步装置的坡度和/或控制所述风机的风力大小。
根据本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备，还包括：视频显示设备，供观看。
根据本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备，所述飞行器是滑翔飞行器。
根据本申请的技术方案，低成本地提供了现有模拟飞行设备无法提供的真实空气动力学悬浮体验、或者飞行器地面操控训练的设备。
本申请可以通过参考下文中结合附图所给出的描述而得到更好的理解，其中在所有附图中使用了相同或相似的附图标记来表示相同或者相似的部件。
图1a是滑翔翼、滑翔伞、滑翔机这几种飞行器在风洞中悬浮的受风区域正视图；
图1b是与图1a对应的滑翔翼、滑翔伞、滑翔机这几种飞行器在风洞中悬浮的俯视图；
图2a是本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备的一种实施方式的示意图，其中飞行器采用滑翔翼，悬挂在一个悬臂式飞行器支架下，多台风机安装在两个直接落地的“落地式”送风支架上；
图2b是本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备的另一种实施方式的示意图，其中飞行器采用滑翔翼，悬挂在一个悬臂式飞行器支架下，一台风机通过风管分支并延伸后，分成多个出风口安装在两个直接落地的“落地式”送风支架上；
图3是本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备的龙门架的一个实施例的示意图，其中两个“倒挂式”送风支架倒挂安装在龙门架顶梁结构下；
图4是本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备的龙门架的另一个实施例的示意图，其中两个送风支架倒挂安装在龙门架顶梁结构下，且滑翔翼也悬挂在龙门架的顶梁结构下；
图5是本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备的又一个实施方式的示意图，其中前后开门形成通风道的机库既用于安装送风支架，又用于悬挂飞行器；
图6是本申请的空气动力模拟飞行设备的另一个实施方式的正视图，其中飞行器采用滑翔伞，前后开门形成通风道的机库作为龙门架，送风支架倒挂安装在机库的顶梁结构下。
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本申请的示例性实施方式，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本申请，且本申请不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整地传达给本领域的技术人员。
如前所述，现有技术的风洞内的风力大部分浪费了，而且专用的风洞壁成本很高，所以仅在飞行器受风区域提供风力，并去掉专用的风洞壁，将是有利的。因为去掉风洞壁后，风力会随着离出风口的距离急速衰减，所以将风力源，也就是风机，贴近飞行器受风区域也是有利的。
因此，本申请提出的空气动力模拟飞行设备至少包括：用于搭载人员进行模拟飞行的飞行器；一台或多台风机，其出风口贴近对准飞行器的受风区域。
飞行器：
航空运动领域的滑翔飞行器，包括滑翔翼(也称为无动力三角翼)、滑翔伞、滑翔机等，它们的失速速度都比较低，悬浮所需的风速较小，这些真实的飞行器——而不是模型——可以并且更适合作为利用空气动力悬浮的低成本地面模拟飞行器。下面以航空运动滑翔飞行器为例说明本申请的具体实施方式。可以理解，也可以采用其他合适的飞行器。
风机和可选的送风支架：
如图1a所示，飞行器受风区域正投影基本上都是细长条形。为了降低飞行器悬浮所需的风力，考虑仅在飞行器的受风区域贴近地提供风力，则所需的风机总功率会小很多，也不再需要风洞壁来拢风。因此，本申请的技术方案对准飞行器的受风区域成排地设置风机的出风口，使得所需的风机总功率变小。如果分散地由多台风机提供风力，每台风机所需的功率就会更小，使得采用普通民用风机成为可能。
可以将多台风机布置为出风口直接贴近对准飞行器的受风区域，但为了适应不同飞行器的受风区域高度，以及方便现场搬运安装布置，可以增加一个送风支架，将多台风机安装在一个送风支架上，或者风机通过风管延伸的出风口安装在送风支架上，而风机本身安装在地面或其他位置。
在如图2a所示的实施方式中，飞行器采用滑翔翼11，搭载人员5进行模
拟飞行，多台风机21分别成排地安装在两个送风支架22上，使得多台风机21——更具体地说是其本身的出风口——贴近对准所述飞行器的受风区域，优选是斜向上对准滑翔翼11的两翼送风，使得其下翼面受风角度更有利于悬浮。
图2b显示了另一种实施方式，没有直接让多台风机贴近对准滑翔翼11，而是仅用一台功率较大的风机21，连接风管25，将其出风口延伸分支，分布为斜向上贴近对准滑翔翼11两翼的多个出风口251。可以理解，图中沿两翼分布的多个出风口251也可以连成两个细长条状的出风口，甚至两个细长条状出风口也可以连为一体，成为一个细长条状出风口。通过风管延伸出风口的设置可以让风机21离人员更远，噪音更小。可以理解，除了采用一台功率较大的风机连接风管的方案之外，也可以分散采用两台或更多台功率稍小的风机连接风管。
送风支架22的高度和位置设置为：使多台风机21本身的出风口，或一台或更多台风机延伸分布的多个出风口251尽量贴近滑翔翼两翼前缘，以减少风力到达受风区域之前的衰减。不过，如果太过于贴近，飞行器容易向前撞到风机或支架，使模拟飞行人员担心。
用图3所示的龙门架安装送风支架，可有助于减少上述担心，其中龙门架23用简单的粗黑线条示意。与图2a、2b所示的“落地式”送风支架22直接落地不同，图3中的“倒挂式”送风支架22倒挂地安装在龙门架23的顶梁结构231下。这样，为了支撑风机处于一定高度以便对准飞行器受风区域的部件，就从落地式支架的至少四个支柱变成了龙门架的两侧支柱，龙门架中间的地面附近空间没阻挡物了，人员视野内的障碍物减少，留出来的空间可用于安装屏幕显示空中景象。
用图5所示的建筑物，例如机库32，替代龙门架，将两个送风支架22
和多台风机21倒挂安装在机库32的顶部结构321下，将使得人员视野内地面的障碍物更加减少，可更加让人感觉放心，留出来的空间可用于安装屏幕显示空中景象。
建筑物优选为图5所示的能前后开门形成通风道的机库32。可以理解，即使采用图2a、2b、3、4所示的实施方式，亦即采用机库32但不用于安装送风支架或悬挂飞行器，而仅是在形成通风道的机库等建筑物内实施本申请，仍是有利的。因为利用现成的建筑物比风洞成本低，通风道又在一定程度上起到了风洞的作用。另外这样能让雨雪冰雹等不利天气下依然能进行模拟飞行，也是有利的。
本公开的附图所示的实施方式中，多台风机21或一台或多台风机延伸分布的多个出风口251被分成了两组，分别成一排地安装在两个送风支架22上，贴近对准滑翔翼11的两翼。因为分成两个送风支架，方便适应不同飞行器的后掠角，提供更好的升力，也便于制造、安装、拆卸、运输。
可以理解，虽然图示多台风机或其延伸分布的出风口251安装在同一水平层，但也可以在送风支架上稍高的高度处多加一层甚至更多层风机或出风口，使得飞行器模拟飞行时有更多的垂直升降空间。
优选地，两个送风支架22分别设置为与滑翔翼11的两翼前缘111大体平行，以便每台风机21或出风口251都同等地贴近滑翔翼11的两翼。由于滑翔翼的两翼前缘111有一定的后掠角，两个“一”字形支架在地面上呈“八”字形设置。
在飞行器采用滑翔伞的实施方式中，伞翼充气后所处的位置比人高很多，风机要沿着滑翔伞的受风区域设置的话，送风支架也需要有相应的高度，比滑翔翼所需的高度高很多(未图示)。因此，对于滑翔伞，优选采用类似图5
所示的建筑物——机库32来安装送风支架，如图6所示。可以理解，对于滑翔伞，也可以采用图2a、2b所示的“落地式”送风支架，只是需要将支架做得更高，或者做成升降式的，以适应不同飞行器的翼面高度。
如图6所示，将送风支架22倒挂安装在机库32内的顶部结构321下方。为了让一台或更多台风机的出风口沿着滑翔伞12的受风区域排列，也就是对准滑翔伞12的伞翼充气成形后的圆弧状伞翼前缘，两个送风支架22可以设置为在垂直面上呈“八”字形，有一定弧度，分别对准左右两段伞翼前缘121。
可以理解，如果从图6的实施方式所对应的俯视图(未图示)来看，两个送风支架22形成的一条直线也是平行于滑翔伞12的伞翼充气成形后的两翼前缘121形成的一条直线的。
可以理解，虽然图6所示的送风支架22为圆弧形，但为了制造简单，也可以采用直线形，亦能大致对准滑翔伞12的两翼前缘121。
可以理解，虽然图6未示出风机通过风管延伸分布出风口用于滑翔伞的实施例，显然也可以采用该方案。
对于飞行器采用滑翔机的实施方式，两翼前缘131形成的后掠角如图1b所示接近0度，可以将风机出风口都“一”字排列地安装在一个送风支架上，或者两个送风支架摆成一条直线，不形成夹角(未图示)。可以理解，送风支架可以是一个，两个，也可以是更多个，都可以实施本申请。
与一般风洞不同，本申请的风机出风口可以设置为具有斜向上的仰角，使得送风方向斜向上，模拟迎风山坡的斜向上吹的动力气流，这样可以以同样的功率提供更多的升力，使飞行器更容易悬浮。
如上设置的风机21的总功率相对于风洞中所需的风机总功率更小，耗能减少，成本变低，更适合于普通民用。
可选的飞行器支架：
因为滑翔翼能被人员扛起来，滑翔伞能被风鼓起来，落地都很轻，所以这种超轻型飞行器，有送风装置就可以进行模拟飞行了，悬挂飞行器的支架不是必须而是可选的。在风机开动之前，滑翔翼(以及有些超轻型滑翔机)是扛在人员身上的，滑翔伞是在人员身后的地面上的；风机开启时，随着风力加大，滑翔翼或滑翔伞先悬浮起来，然后随着风力进一步加大，人员也随着滑翔翼或滑翔伞而悬浮；而风机停止的时候，或者人员操作得不好没有让滑翔翼或滑翔伞获得足够升力时，人员可以随时脚着地，所以，不一定需要飞行器支架将滑翔翼整体或滑翔伞吊袋悬挂起来。
但为了让普通民众体验人员有安全感，不至于模拟飞行时被风吹倒摔伤，也方便飞行器的展示，可以附加一个悬挂装置，例如图2a、2b中所示的飞行器支架31，用于悬挂所述飞行器(滑翔翼11)以及所载人员(如有)，使他们即使在没有送风时也离开地面保持悬空，这样即使操控不当被吹歪以及风机停止时都不会坠落到地上。对于滑翔伞来说，其伞翼是软性不成形的，无法悬挂，因此如图6所示，伞翼本身不用悬挂，飞行器支架31下悬挂的是座袋以及乘员。
对于相对较重而无法被人扛起来的滑翔机，最好有悬挂装置将其悬挂起来离开地面，否则从落地状态到悬浮状态的切换不容易实现，而反过来从悬浮状态到落地状态的切换会面临坠地损伤问题。例如可用图2a、2b所示的支柱后置的悬臂式飞行器支架31，避免支架的两个支柱与后掠角通常很小的滑翔机的两翼碰撞。
可以理解，飞行器支架除了采用悬臂式，也可以采用别的形式，例如龙门式，甚至是机库形成的龙门。
在采用龙门架或机库安装送风支架的实施方式中，飞行器支架31也可以与龙门架23或机库32一体形成，亦即，龙门架23的顶梁结构231或机库32的顶部结构321下既安装送风支架和风机，也悬挂飞行器，如图4和5所示。
图4显示的是用龙门架既安装送风支架及其风机，也悬挂滑翔翼的实施方式，其中龙门架23用简单的粗黑线条示意。龙门架23的立柱处于左右两侧，在龙门架23的顶梁结构231的前方和后方，分别倒挂安装送风支架22和悬挂滑翔翼11，多台风机21(或出风口，采用风管的方案)安装在送风支架22上。
可以理解，送风支架22也可以不用倒挂安装，依然采取类似图2a、2b的落地式安装，成为与龙门架连接的“落地式”支架，而龙门架仅作为悬挂飞行器的支架。
图4所示为无人状态，滑翔翼11自然悬垂，离地面还有一定高度，悬挂滑翔翼11的吊绳301处于伸直状态，两翼前缘低于风机21的高度。而模拟飞行时，人员将扛起滑翔翼11，使得滑翔翼11的高度提升一些，吊绳301将***变弯，两翼前缘正好贴近对准风机21。此时开动风机21送风，滑翔翼11本身将开始悬浮，甚至带着人员一起悬浮。可以理解，也可以将送风支架22及其风机21，以及滑翔翼，二者相对位置固定地一起旋转90度安装在龙门架23的左右两侧立柱之间。
如果机库前后两端都能开门形成通风道，以便归拢和利用自然风，将更
加有利。图5所示的实施例，是在一个前后两端都可以开门形成通风道的机库32里，将飞行器悬挂在机库32的顶部结构321上。送风支架22也倒挂安装在机库32的顶部结构321下。图中示出的是在无风状态下，滑翔翼11自然悬垂，离地面还有一定高度，悬挂滑翔翼11的吊绳301处于伸直状态，两翼前缘低于风机出口的高度。模拟飞行时，人员将扛起滑翔翼11，使得滑翔翼11的高度提升一些，两翼前缘正好贴近对准风机出口，此时开动风机21送风，滑翔翼11本身开始悬浮，甚至将带着人员一起悬浮。
可以理解，除了机库之外，也可以采用别的建筑物，只要能容纳和悬挂飞行器即可，如果前后两端可以开门以便形成通道则更有利。也可以送风支架22不安装到顶部结构321，而是采用如图3所示的龙门架23来安装送风支架22。
可以理解，在这样的机库32里，也可以再增加一个如图2a、2b中所示的飞行器支架31，飞行器不悬挂在顶部结构321下，而是悬挂在飞行器支架31下，仍然可以进行模拟飞行。
在风机未启动的无风状态下，例如图5所示，滑翔翼11没有悬浮，吊绳301将被悬垂的滑翔翼的重量拉直。飞行器支架31的高度和吊绳301的长度设置为保证：悬垂的滑翔翼略微离开地面一点高度，且预留一定上升空间，滑翔翼悬浮时比未悬浮时相对更高一点，但也不会触碰飞行器支架顶部(图5所示的实施方式中为机库顶梁结构充当飞行器支架)。这可以保证即使在飞行器操控失败下坠时也不会触碰到地面，悬浮上升时也不会碰顶，是安全的悬空。
风机21启动时，滑翔翼11自身先上浮(未图示)，此时，人员5所穿的吊袋的挂绳302处于被人员5的体重拉直的状态，而飞行器支架31下悬挂滑翔翼11的吊绳301则因滑翔翼的悬浮而处于松软弯曲状态。风机21的风
速足够时，如图2a、2b所示，滑翔翼11能带着人员5悬浮，人员5的双脚离开地面。
可选的跑步装置：
为了提供类似滑翔翼、滑翔伞、超轻型滑翔机的助跑起飞体验和训练，可以加设一台类似跑步机的跑步装置4，放在飞行器下，供模拟飞行人员原地助跑，如图2a、2b所示。与跑步机不同的是，该跑步装置4不提供动力，不会自己动，而是在模拟飞行人员跑动时被动地转动。模拟飞行时，模拟飞行人员开始跑动，会带动跑步装置4上的履带或滚轴转动，提供类似山坡助跑的体验。
可以在跑步装置4里设置传感器，感应履带或滚轴的转动速度，从而传递运转速度信号给送风装置以加大或减小风力，该信号也可以用于跑步装置自身坡度的调整，跑速加快时增加坡度，以提供更真实的山坡助跑模拟效果。
跑步装置4中还可以设置刹车装置，在模拟飞行人员未准备好时，或者落地后，保持刹车状态，以防跑步装置的履带不必要的滑动，让人无法站稳。在人员准备好开始助跑时可以放开刹车，使人员的跑动脚步带动履带运转。
可选的视频显示装置：
为了提供更好的视觉感受，可以设置大型屏幕、虚拟现实眼镜等视频显示装置(未图示)，播放空中视野的三维视频，供模拟飞行人员观看。视频的播放可以由跑步装置传递的速度信号、以及人员的操控动作(需加装传感器)来控制。
Claims (10)
- 一种空气动力模拟飞行设备，包括：飞行器，搭载模拟飞行人员；以及至少一台风机，向所述飞行器送风，其特征在于，所述至少一台风机的出风口设置成至少形成一排，并贴近对准所述飞行器的受风区域，仅在所述飞行器的受风区域提供所述飞行器悬浮所需的风力。
- 如权利要求1的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于，所述至少一台风机的出风口通过风管延伸，所述风管包括至少一排贴近对准所述飞行器的受风区域的出风口。
- 如权利要求1的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于，所述出风口斜向上贴近对准所述飞行器的受风区域。
- 如权利要求1的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于，所述出风口在两个或更多水平层上呈两排或更多排分布。
- 如权利要求1的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于，还包括，送风支架，所述风机和/或与其连接的风管安装在所述送风支架上。
- 如权利要求5的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于，所述送风支架是升降式的。
- 如权利要求1的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于，还包括，飞行器支架，悬挂所述飞行器。
- 如权利要求1的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于，还包括，跑步装置，设置在所述飞行器下方，供所述模拟飞行人员原地模拟助跑起飞。
- 如权利要求1的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于，还包括，视频显示设备，供人员观看。
- 如权利要求1的空气动力模拟飞行设备，其特征在于所述飞行器是滑翔飞行器。
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104464440A (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-03-25 | 上海电机学院 | 翼装飞行模拟器 |
| CN104485034A (zh) * | 2014-12-28 | 2015-04-01 | 上海电机学院 | 翼装飞行器模拟装置 |
| CN104616560A (zh) * | 2014-12-28 | 2015-05-13 | 上海电机学院 | 一种悬浮体验模拟装置 |
| CN104992586A (zh) * | 2015-07-04 | 2015-10-21 | 徐斌 | 一种能实现飞行体验的飞机*** |
| KR20190060290A (ko) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-03 | 주식회사 에이스카이 | 윙 수트 시뮬레이터 및 이를 이용한 훈련 방법 |
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- 2022-11-22 CN CN202211464708.3A patent/CN117198114A/zh active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104464440A (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-03-25 | 上海电机学院 | 翼装飞行模拟器 |
| CN104485034A (zh) * | 2014-12-28 | 2015-04-01 | 上海电机学院 | 翼装飞行器模拟装置 |
| CN104616560A (zh) * | 2014-12-28 | 2015-05-13 | 上海电机学院 | 一种悬浮体验模拟装置 |
| CN104992586A (zh) * | 2015-07-04 | 2015-10-21 | 徐斌 | 一种能实现飞行体验的飞机*** |
| KR20190060290A (ko) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-03 | 주식회사 에이스카이 | 윙 수트 시뮬레이터 및 이를 이용한 훈련 방법 |
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