WO2024109729A1 - Antenna element unit, antenna radiation unit, and antenna array - Google Patents

Antenna element unit, antenna radiation unit, and antenna array Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024109729A1
WO2024109729A1 PCT/CN2023/132885 CN2023132885W WO2024109729A1 WO 2024109729 A1 WO2024109729 A1 WO 2024109729A1 CN 2023132885 W CN2023132885 W CN 2023132885W WO 2024109729 A1 WO2024109729 A1 WO 2024109729A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal
circuit
antenna
double
balun short
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PCT/CN2023/132885
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
金定树
傅随道
王创新
刘永磊
刘亮
孙磊
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024109729A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024109729A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to an antenna element unit, an antenna radiation unit and an antenna array.
  • the base station antenna is an intermediate component for transmitting and receiving signals. As a converter, it can convert the guided waves propagating on the line and the electromagnetic waves radiated in space.
  • the development of base station antennas can accelerate the processing of a large amount of information in the environment of growing mobile communication information.
  • traditional antennas are beginning to be replaced by high-end, high-tech base station antennas, and more and more new technologies will be applied to base station antennas.
  • 5G base station antennas can use multi-frequency and multi-column antenna arrays.
  • the antenna array consists of two or more antenna radiating units, which are fed and arranged in space according to certain requirements.
  • the multi-frequency and multi-column antenna array structure is shown in Figure 1.
  • multi-frequency co-aperture antennas have become the main solution for macro base stations.
  • the development of multi-frequency co-aperture antennas faces many challenges. Among them, common-mode coupling between high- and low-frequency antennas is a core difficulty.
  • the subarray is composed of a low-frequency antenna array 201 and four high-frequency antenna arrays 202. There is a common-mode coupling problem between high- and low-frequency antennas.
  • the present application provides an antenna array unit, comprising a radiator, a balun short-circuited two-wire, and a resonant component, wherein: the radiator is connected to the balun short-circuited two-wire circuit; the resonant component is embedded in the balun short-circuited two-wire to form at least one first-order resonant circuit with low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics, and each order resonant circuit includes an equivalent capacitance structure and an equivalent inductance structure.
  • the present application provides an antenna radiation unit, comprising a director, a support, and the antenna array unit as described in the first aspect, wherein the support is configured to connect the director and the antenna array unit.
  • the present application provides an antenna array, comprising a feeding network, and at least two antenna radiating units as described in the second aspect, each of the antenna radiating units being connected to the feeding network according to a set array structure circuit, and the size of the radiator in each of the antenna radiating units being configured according to a set radiation frequency band.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-frequency multi-column antenna array structure provided by the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of high and low frequency antenna arrays provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a method for solving the common mode coupling problem between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas according to an embodiment of the present application. Schematic diagram of the production principle
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a resonant component in an antenna array unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 6a and 6b are respectively a front structural schematic diagram and a back structural schematic diagram of an antenna array unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a metal sheet in an EBG resonator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a resonant component in an antenna array unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiation unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a perspective schematic diagram of an antenna radiation unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the layout of an antenna array provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna element unit, an antenna radiation unit and an antenna array with common-mode current suppression, which can solve the common-mode coupling problem between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas.
  • the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied in 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) communication systems, and can also be applied in 4/5G converged communication systems, and specifically, in base station antenna systems.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array unit 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a radiator 401, a balun short-circuited double line 402, and a resonant component 403, wherein:
  • the radiator 401 is connected to the balun short-circuited two-wire 402 circuit
  • the resonant component 403 is embedded in the balun short-circuited double line 402 to form at least one order resonant circuit with low frequency stop band and high frequency pass band characteristics, and each order resonant circuit includes an equivalent capacitance structure and an equivalent inductance structure.
  • the antenna array unit generally includes two balun short-circuited double wires 402, each balun short-circuited double wire 402 is an axisymmetric structure, and the two balun short-circuited double wires are perpendicularly crossed to form a balun component, and the radiator 401 is connected to the balun component circuit and fixed to the upper part of the balun component.
  • the three-dimensional structure of the balun component is similar to four fan blades at an angle of 90 degrees. Looking down at the balun component, the four fan blades can be seen in a "cross" shape.
  • each balun short-circuit double line 402 is an axisymmetric structure
  • two sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuit double line 402, which can also be called the left and right sides can be formed.
  • One group of the resonant components 403 is embedded in mirror symmetry, and the structures of the two groups of the resonant components 403 embedded in each balun short-circuited double wire 402 are exactly the same, that is, one group of the resonant components 403 can be embedded on both sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuited double wire 402 included in the balun component, and four groups of the resonant components 403 can be embedded in the balun component.
  • two, three, or more groups of the resonant components 403 can be embedded on both sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuited double wire 402 included in the balun component, which can be flexibly set according to actual needs and the size of the balun short-circuited double wire, and is not specifically limited.
  • At least one first-order resonant circuit scheme can be designed using the resonant component 403.
  • the resonant circuit can also be called an LC circuit, which is a circuit including an inductor (represented by the letter L) and a capacitor (represented by the letter C) connected together.
  • an EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap) resonator is introduced.
  • the EBG resonator can be composed of two metal sheets and a metal guide column connected between the two metal sheets.
  • the two metal sheets constitute a capacitor
  • the metal guide column constitutes an inductor
  • the EBG resonator constitutes a first-order parallel resonator.
  • the EBG resonator is embedded in the balun short-circuited double line, and the EBG resonator and the balun short-circuited double line maintain a gap of a certain width, and are coupled to the balun short-circuited double line through the gap.
  • the gap is a structure with capacitance characteristics, and a structure with inductance characteristics with the metal thin strip line, generating a second-order series resonator.
  • an optional structure of the resonant component 403 may include an EBG resonator 501 and a metal double line 502. Wherein:
  • the EBG resonator 501 and the metal double wire 502 are embedded on the surface of the balun short-circuit double wire 402;
  • the EBG resonator 501 and the balun short-circuited double line 402 maintain a gap of a set width, and the EBG resonator 501 is coupled to the balun short-circuited double line 402 through the gap, and the ratio of the width of the gap to the length of the gap is less than a set first ratio threshold.
  • the first ratio threshold can be set to 1/100, that is, the width of the gap is much smaller than the length of the gap;
  • the metal double wire 502 is circuit-connected to the balun short-circuit double wire 402, and the ratio of the length of the metal double wire 502 to the width of the metal double wire 502 is greater than a set second ratio threshold.
  • the second ratio threshold can be set to 50, that is, the length of the metal double wire is much greater than the width of the metal double wire.
  • the balun short-circuited double wire 402 with an axisymmetric structure is composed of 421 and 422 on both sides of the symmetry axis.
  • Two groups of resonant components 403 with exactly the same structure can be embedded in a mirror-symmetrical manner on both sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuited double wire 402.
  • only one group of resonant components is used as an example to illustrate its structure.
  • Figures 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of the front structure and back structure of the antenna array unit, respectively.
  • An optional structure of the EBG resonator 501 includes two metal sheets 601 and 601' of the same size. As shown in FIG6a , one metal sheet 601 is embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuited double line 402; as shown in FIG6b , the other metal sheet 601' is embedded in the corresponding position of the back side of the balun short-circuited double line 402.
  • the middle of the metal sheet 601 has a metal strip line 602 and a first metallized via 603 connected to the tail of the metal strip line 602.
  • the middle of the metal sheet 601′ has a metal strip line 602′ and a first metallized via 603′ connected to the tail of the metal strip line 602′.
  • the first metallized vias 603 and 603′ on the two metal sheets 601 and 601′ are connected in circuit to form a metal guide column; the two metal sheets 601 and 601′ maintain a gap of the set width with the balun short-circuit double line 402.
  • each balun short-circuit double line 402 has a certain thickness, there is a distance of corresponding thickness between the metal sheet 601 embedded in the front of the balun short-circuit double line 402 and the metal sheet 601' embedded in the back of the balun short-circuit double line 402. Similarly, there is a distance of corresponding thickness between the first metallized vias 603 and 603'. Circuit connection can be achieved by covering metal (such as copper) between the first metallized vias 603 and 603'.
  • the U-shaped structure except the metal strip line and the outside of the first metallized via hole is a non-metallic material
  • the metal strip line in the middle of the metal sheet and the first metallized via hole structure connected to the tail of the metal strip line are metal materials.
  • the metal double line 502 includes two metal thin strip lines 604 and 604' of the same size.
  • a thin metal strip line 604 is embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuit double line 402, and the tail of the thin metal strip line 604 has a second metallized via 605; as shown in FIG6b, another thin metal strip line
  • the wire 604' is embedded in the corresponding position on the back of the balun short-circuit double wire 402, and the tail of the metal thin strip wire 604' has a second metallized via hole 605'.
  • the second metallized via holes 605 and 605' on the two metal thin strip wires 604 and 604' are connected in circuit, and the circuit connection can be achieved by coating metal (such as copper) between the second metallized via holes 605 and 605'.
  • the EBG resonator 501 and the metal double wire 502 embedded in the balun short-circuit double wire 401 can form a two-order resonator, including a first-order parallel resonator and a second-order series resonator. Compared with the first-order resonator, the two-order resonator has a wider low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics. Among them:
  • the two metal sheets 601 and 601′ in the EBG resonator 501 constitute an equivalent capacitance structure of the first-order parallel resonator
  • the metal strip lines 602 and 602′ on the two metal sheets 601 and 601′ in the EBG resonator 501 and the first metallized vias 603 and 603′ constitute an equivalent inductance structure of the first-order parallel resonator
  • the gap between the EBG resonator 501 and the balun short-circuit double wire 402 constitutes an equivalent capacitance structure of the second-order series resonator, and the metal double wire 502 constitutes an equivalent inductance structure of the second-order series resonator.
  • the resonant frequency of the first-order parallel resonator is related to the size of the EBG resonator.
  • the resonant frequency of the second-order series resonator is related to the gap between the EBG resonator and the balun short-circuited double wire and the length of the metal double wire.
  • the parallel resonator and the series resonator both present stopbands at low-frequency resonant frequencies, and the capacitive and inductive properties of the high-frequency part cancel each other out, so that the high-frequency passband impedance characteristics remain unchanged, and finally present low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics.
  • the purpose of suppressing the low-frequency common-mode induced current can be achieved, and the problem of deterioration of the low-frequency antenna radiation pattern in the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna can be improved, thereby effectively solving the common-mode coupling problem between high and low frequency antennas in the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna.
  • the resonant component can be composed of a metal thin strip line and a woven strip line.
  • the wire group consists of metal thin strip lines that are equivalent to inductors, and interwoven strip line groups that are equivalent to capacitors.
  • the inductor and capacitor structures form a low-frequency resonant open circuit (also called a break circuit) and a high-frequency resonant path on the same side of the balun short-circuited double wires.
  • an optional structure of the resonant component 403 may include a metal thin strip line 801 and an interwoven strip line group 802, wherein:
  • the surface of the balun short-circuit double line 402 has a gap of a set width
  • the metal thin strip line 801 is connected between the gaps in a circuit, and the ratio of the length of the metal thin strip line 801 to the width of the metal thin strip line 801 is greater than a set third ratio threshold.
  • the third ratio threshold can be set to 50, that is, the length of the metal thin strip line is much greater than the width of the metal thin strip line;
  • the interwoven strip line group 802 includes at least two metal strip lines, and the at least two metal strip lines are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner between the gaps.
  • the ratio of the distance between adjacent metal strip lines to the width of the gap is less than a set fourth ratio threshold.
  • the fourth ratio threshold can be set to 1/10, that is, the distance between adjacent metal strip lines is much smaller than the width of the gap.
  • eight metal strips are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner on both sides of the symmetry axis of the balun short-circuit double line 402 , and the distance between adjacent metal strips is much smaller than the width of the gap.
  • the metal thin strip line 801 and the interwoven strip line group 802 can be embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuit double line 402 .
  • the metal thin strip line 801 and the interwoven strip line group 802 are embedded in the balun short-circuit double line 402 to form a first-order parallel resonant circuit.
  • the interlaced strip line group 802 constitutes an equivalent capacitance structure of the first-order parallel resonant circuit
  • the metal thin strip line 801 constitutes an equivalent inductance structure of the first-order parallel resonant circuit.
  • the antenna array unit embeds a resonant component in the short-circuited double wire of the balun to form at least one order resonant circuit.
  • Each order resonant circuit includes an equivalent capacitor structure and an equivalent inductor structure.
  • the resonant frequency can be adjusted at a low frequency. It presents a stopband and maintains a passband at high-frequency resonant frequencies, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing low-frequency common-mode induced current.
  • the antenna array unit is applied to multi-frequency common-aperture antennas, which can effectively solve the common-mode coupling problem between high- and low-frequency antennas in multi-frequency common-aperture antennas.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna radiation unit 900 , including a director 901 , a support member 902 , and the above-mentioned antenna array unit 400 , wherein the support member 902 is used to connect the director 901 and the antenna array unit 400 .
  • the antenna element unit 400 generally includes a radiator 401 and a balun component.
  • the balun component is formed by two balun short-circuited double wires 402 that are perpendicularly crossed and combined.
  • at least one group of resonant components 403 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be embedded in mirror symmetry on both sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuited double wire. Please refer to Figure 10 for a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the combined antenna radiation unit.
  • the antenna radiating unit provided in the embodiment of the present application applies the above-mentioned antenna array unit with low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics. It can present a stopband at the low-frequency resonant frequency and maintain a passband at the high-frequency resonant frequency, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing low-frequency common-mode induced current.
  • the antenna radiating unit is applied to a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna, which can effectively solve the common-mode coupling problem between high and low frequency antennas in the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna array, comprising a feed network 1101 and at least two of the above-mentioned antenna radiating units 900.
  • Each antenna radiating unit 900 comprises a director 901, a support member 902, and the above-mentioned antenna array unit 400.
  • Each of the antenna radiating units 900 is connected to the feed network 1101 according to a set array structure circuit.
  • the antenna array may include at least one transmitting signal channel and at least one receiving signal channel.
  • the signal enters from the input port of the feed network 1101, is fed into the balun component through the feed network 1101, and is transmitted to the outside world through the radiator 401 and the director 901; similarly, the signal can also be received through this path.
  • the base station antenna in the specific implementation, it can be directly processed into an antenna array.
  • the unit capacity can be expanded according to the actual antenna distribution.
  • the antenna array includes but is not limited to 1to2, 1to3, 1to4, 1to5...1toN and other sub-array forms.
  • “1” refers to the feed network
  • "2,3,4,5...N” Refers to the antenna radiation unit.
  • the 1to3 subarray can obtain higher gain than the 1to2 subarray, thereby achieving better network coverage.
  • the size of the radiator 401 in each of the antenna radiation units 900 can be configured according to the set radiation frequency band. According to the shape of the radiator of the antenna radiation unit, it can be scaled at different proportions to achieve radiation effects in different frequency bands. According to electromagnetic field theory, the smaller the size of the radiator, the higher the frequency band achieved.
  • the size of the radiator in each antenna radiating unit can be flexibly configured according to the set radiation frequency band to form a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna; the above-mentioned antenna array unit with low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics is introduced into each antenna radiating unit, which can present a stopband at the low-frequency resonant frequency and maintain a passband at the high-frequency resonant frequency, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing low-frequency common-mode induced current and effectively solving the common-mode coupling problem between high and low frequency antennas in the antenna array.

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Abstract

Disclosed in embodiments of the present application are an antenna element unit, an antenna radiation unit, and an antenna array. The antenna element unit comprises a radiator, a balun short double wire, and a resonant assembly. The radiator is connected to a balun short double wire circuit; the resonant assembly is embedded into the balun short double wire to form at least one order of resonant circuit having low-frequency stopband and high-frequency pass-band characteristics; and each order of resonant circuit comprises an equivalent capacitor structure and an equivalent inductor structure.

Description

天线阵子单元、天线辐射单元及天线阵列Antenna element unit, antenna radiating unit and antenna array
相关申请的交叉引用CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
本申请要求在2022年11月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211479991.7、发明名称为“一种天线阵子单元、天线辐射单元及天线阵列”的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用包含于此。This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 24, 2022, with application number 202211479991.7 and invention name “An antenna array unit, antenna radiation unit and antenna array”. The entire contents of the Chinese patent application are incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域Technical Field
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种天线阵子单元、天线辐射单元及天线阵列。The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to an antenna element unit, an antenna radiation unit and an antenna array.
背景技术Background technique
基站天线是发射和接收信号的中间组件，作为转化器能够将线上传播的导行波和空间辐射电磁波相互转换。基站天线的发展可以在移动通信信息量增长的环境下加速大量信息处理能力。随着5G时代到来，传统天线开始被高端、高科技的基站天线替代，越来越多的新型技术将会被运用到基站天线中。5G基站天线可以采用多频多列的天线阵列，天线阵列由两个或两个以上的天线辐射单元，按照一定的要求进行馈电和空间排列构成，多频多列的天线阵列结构如图1所示。为了降低建站和租赁成本，多频共口径天线成为宏基站的主要解决方案。多频共口径天线的开发面临诸多挑战，其中，高低频天线间共模耦合是一个核心难点，如图2所示，该子阵列是由一个低频天线阵子201和四个高频天线阵子202构成，高低频天线之间存在着共模耦合问题。The base station antenna is an intermediate component for transmitting and receiving signals. As a converter, it can convert the guided waves propagating on the line and the electromagnetic waves radiated in space. The development of base station antennas can accelerate the processing of a large amount of information in the environment of growing mobile communication information. With the advent of the 5G era, traditional antennas are beginning to be replaced by high-end, high-tech base station antennas, and more and more new technologies will be applied to base station antennas. 5G base station antennas can use multi-frequency and multi-column antenna arrays. The antenna array consists of two or more antenna radiating units, which are fed and arranged in space according to certain requirements. The multi-frequency and multi-column antenna array structure is shown in Figure 1. In order to reduce the cost of building and leasing sites, multi-frequency co-aperture antennas have become the main solution for macro base stations. The development of multi-frequency co-aperture antennas faces many challenges. Among them, common-mode coupling between high- and low-frequency antennas is a core difficulty. As shown in Figure 2, the subarray is composed of a low-frequency antenna array 201 and four high-frequency antenna arrays 202. There is a common-mode coupling problem between high- and low-frequency antennas.
相关技术中，存在着两种方案抑制高低频天线间的共模谐振。In the related art, there are two solutions to suppress the common mode resonance between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas.
1)共模低阻滤波电路设计，在高频天线振子馈电结构上设计具有共模电 流抑制的低阻高通滤波电路，抑制高频天线上的低频电流。这种方案存在着辐射器口径偏大的问题。1) Common mode low impedance filter circuit design, design a common mode current filter on the high frequency antenna element feeding structure The low-impedance high-pass filter circuit for current suppression suppresses the low-frequency current on the high-frequency antenna. This solution has the problem of the radiator being too large in diameter.
2)高低频阵子浮地设计，将高频天线阵子悬浮设置并在反射地板开槽，截断高频天线的电流路径。这种方案共模抑制能力较弱，且无法用于PCB(Printed Circuit board，印刷电路板)振子。2) Floating design of high and low frequency arrays, suspending the high frequency antenna array and cutting a groove in the reflective floor to cut off the current path of the high frequency antenna. This solution has weak common mode suppression capability and cannot be used for PCB (Printed Circuit board) oscillators.
发明内容Summary of the invention
第一方面，本申请提供一种天线阵子单元，包括辐射器、巴伦短路双线、以及谐振组件，其中：所述辐射器与所述巴伦短路双线电路连接；所述谐振组件嵌入所述巴伦短路双线，以构成具有低频阻带、高频通带特性的至少一阶谐振电路，每阶谐振电路中包括等效电容结构和等效电感结构。In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna array unit, comprising a radiator, a balun short-circuited two-wire, and a resonant component, wherein: the radiator is connected to the balun short-circuited two-wire circuit; the resonant component is embedded in the balun short-circuited two-wire to form at least one first-order resonant circuit with low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics, and each order resonant circuit includes an equivalent capacitance structure and an equivalent inductance structure.
第二方面，本申请提供一种天线辐射单元，包括引向器、支撑件、以及如第一方面所述的天线阵子单元，所述支撑件配置为连接所述引向器和所述天线阵子单元。In a second aspect, the present application provides an antenna radiation unit, comprising a director, a support, and the antenna array unit as described in the first aspect, wherein the support is configured to connect the director and the antenna array unit.
第三方面，本申请提供一种天线阵列，包括馈电网络，以及至少两个如第二方面所述的天线辐射单元，各所述天线辐射单元按照设定的阵列结构电路连接在所述馈电网络上，每个所述天线辐射单元中辐射器的尺寸按照设定的辐射频段配置。In a third aspect, the present application provides an antenna array, comprising a feeding network, and at least two antenna radiating units as described in the second aspect, each of the antenna radiating units being connected to the feeding network according to a set array structure circuit, and the size of the radiator in each of the antenna radiating units being configured according to a set radiation frequency band.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:
图1为本申请提供的一种多频多列的天线阵列结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-frequency multi-column antenna array structure provided by the present application;
图2为本申请提供的一种高低频天线阵子分布示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of high and low frequency antenna arrays provided by the present application;
图3为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种高低频天线间共模耦合问题的产 生原理示意图；FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a method for solving the common mode coupling problem between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas according to an embodiment of the present application. Schematic diagram of the production principle;
图4为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线阵子单元的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线阵子单元中谐振组件的结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a resonant component in an antenna array unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图6a、6b分别为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线阵子单元的正面结构示意图、背面结构示意图；6a and 6b are respectively a front structural schematic diagram and a back structural schematic diagram of an antenna array unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图7为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种EBG谐振器中金属片的结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a metal sheet in an EBG resonator provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图8为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线阵子单元中谐振组件的结构示意图；FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a resonant component in an antenna array unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图9为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线辐射单元的结构示意图；FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna radiation unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图10为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线辐射单元的立体示意图；FIG10 is a perspective schematic diagram of an antenna radiation unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图11为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线阵列的结构示意图；FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图12为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线阵列的布局示意图。FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the layout of an antenna array provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请具体实施例及相应的附图对本申请技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本文件保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solution of this application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the specific embodiments of this application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this document.
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或” 的关系。The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the term "and/or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/" generally means that the objects before and after are an "or" sequence. Relationship.
如前所述，多频共口径天线中存在着高低频天线间共模耦合问题。本发明人在发明过程中发现，高低频天线间共模耦合问题的产生原理，如图3所示。高低频天线间的共模耦合是由于高频天线的巴伦组件302和辐射器301等效构成一个低频单极子天线，可以被低频天线303感应激发从而改变低频天线303的增益和波宽。共模耦合不同于常规的差模耦合，无法用简单的滤波器或去耦枝节抑制。As mentioned above, there is a common-mode coupling problem between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in multi-frequency common-aperture antennas. The inventor discovered during the invention that the common-mode coupling problem between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas occurs due to the fact that the balun component 302 and the radiator 301 of the high-frequency antenna are equivalent to a low-frequency monopole antenna, which can be induced and excited by the low-frequency antenna 303 to change the gain and bandwidth of the low-frequency antenna 303. Common-mode coupling is different from conventional differential-mode coupling and cannot be suppressed by simple filters or decoupling branches.
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种具备共模电流抑制的天线阵子单元、天线辐射单元及天线阵列，能够解决高低频天线间共模耦合问题。本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以应用在5G(5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology，第五代移动通信技术)通信***中，也可以应用在4/5G融合通信***中，具体的，应用在基站天线***中。In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna element unit, an antenna radiation unit and an antenna array with common-mode current suppression, which can solve the common-mode coupling problem between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas. The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied in 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) communication systems, and can also be applied in 4/5G converged communication systems, and specifically, in base station antenna systems.
以下结合附图，详细说明本申请各实施例提供的技术方案。The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
请参考图4，为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种天线阵子单元400的结构示意图，包括辐射器401、巴伦短路双线402、以及谐振组件403，其中：Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array unit 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a radiator 401, a balun short-circuited double line 402, and a resonant component 403, wherein:
所述辐射器401与所述巴伦短路双线402电路连接；The radiator 401 is connected to the balun short-circuited two-wire 402 circuit;
所述谐振组件403嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402，以构成具有低频阻带、高频通带特性的至少一阶谐振电路，每阶谐振电路中包括等效电容结构和等效电感结构。The resonant component 403 is embedded in the balun short-circuited double line 402 to form at least one order resonant circuit with low frequency stop band and high frequency pass band characteristics, and each order resonant circuit includes an equivalent capacitance structure and an equivalent inductance structure.
示例性地，天线阵子单元中通常包括两片巴伦短路双线402，每片巴伦短路双线402呈轴对称结构，两片巴伦短路双线相互垂直交叉组合形成巴伦组件，辐射器401与巴伦组件电路连接并固定在巴伦组件的上部。可以理解，巴伦组件的立体结构类似于四片成90度夹角的扇叶，俯视巴伦组件可以看到四片扇叶呈“十”字型。For example, the antenna array unit generally includes two balun short-circuited double wires 402, each balun short-circuited double wire 402 is an axisymmetric structure, and the two balun short-circuited double wires are perpendicularly crossed to form a balun component, and the radiator 401 is connected to the balun component circuit and fixed to the upper part of the balun component. It can be understood that the three-dimensional structure of the balun component is similar to four fan blades at an angle of 90 degrees. Looking down at the balun component, the four fan blades can be seen in a "cross" shape.
由于每片巴伦短路双线402呈轴对称结构，在一种可选的实现方式中，可以在每片巴伦短路双线402的对称轴两侧，也可以称之为左、右两侧，成 镜像对称各嵌入一组所述谐振组件403，每片巴伦短路双线402上嵌入的两组所述谐振组件403的结构完全相同，也就是说，巴伦组件包括的每片巴伦短路双线402的对称轴两侧可以各嵌入一组所述谐振组件403，巴伦组件中可以嵌入四组所述谐振组件403。可选的，也可以在巴伦组件包括的每片巴伦短路双线402的对称轴两侧各嵌入两组、或者三组、或者更多组所述谐振组件403，可以根据实际需求、以及巴伦短路双线的尺寸灵活设置，具体不作限定。Since each balun short-circuit double line 402 is an axisymmetric structure, in an optional implementation, two sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuit double line 402, which can also be called the left and right sides, can be formed. One group of the resonant components 403 is embedded in mirror symmetry, and the structures of the two groups of the resonant components 403 embedded in each balun short-circuited double wire 402 are exactly the same, that is, one group of the resonant components 403 can be embedded on both sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuited double wire 402 included in the balun component, and four groups of the resonant components 403 can be embedded in the balun component. Optionally, two, three, or more groups of the resonant components 403 can be embedded on both sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuited double wire 402 included in the balun component, which can be flexibly set according to actual needs and the size of the balun short-circuited double wire, and is not specifically limited.
为了提高低频阻带、高频通带的性能，可以利用谐振组件403设计至少一阶谐振电路方案，谐振电路也可称之为LC电路，是包含一个电感(用字母L表示)和一个电容(用字母C表示)连接在一起的电路。In order to improve the performance of the low-frequency stopband and the high-frequency passband, at least one first-order resonant circuit scheme can be designed using the resonant component 403. The resonant circuit can also be called an LC circuit, which is a circuit including an inductor (represented by the letter L) and a capacitor (represented by the letter C) connected together.
在一种可选的实现方式中，引入一种EBG(Electromagnetic Band Gap，电磁带隙结构)谐振器。EBG谐振器可以由两个金属片以及连接于两个金属片中间的金属导柱组成。两个金属片构成电容、金属导柱构成电感，EBG谐振器构成第一阶并联谐振器。EBG谐振器嵌入巴伦短路双线，EBG谐振器与巴伦短路双线保持一定宽度的缝隙，通过该缝隙与巴伦短路双线耦合连接，该缝隙是一个具备电容特性的结构，与金属细带线具备电感特性的结构，产生第二阶串联谐振器。In an optional implementation, an EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap) resonator is introduced. The EBG resonator can be composed of two metal sheets and a metal guide column connected between the two metal sheets. The two metal sheets constitute a capacitor, the metal guide column constitutes an inductor, and the EBG resonator constitutes a first-order parallel resonator. The EBG resonator is embedded in the balun short-circuited double line, and the EBG resonator and the balun short-circuited double line maintain a gap of a certain width, and are coupled to the balun short-circuited double line through the gap. The gap is a structure with capacitance characteristics, and a structure with inductance characteristics with the metal thin strip line, generating a second-order series resonator.
如图5所示，所述谐振组件403的一种可选结构，可以包括EBG谐振器501、以及金属双线502。其中：As shown in FIG5 , an optional structure of the resonant component 403 may include an EBG resonator 501 and a metal double line 502. Wherein:
所述EBG谐振器501、以及所述金属双线502嵌入在所述巴伦短路双线402的表面；The EBG resonator 501 and the metal double wire 502 are embedded on the surface of the balun short-circuit double wire 402;
所述EBG谐振器501与所述巴伦短路双线402保持设定宽度的缝隙，所述EBG谐振器501通过所述缝隙与所述巴伦短路双线402耦合连接，所述缝隙的宽度与所述缝隙的长度之比小于设定的第一比例阈值，示例性的，所述第一比例阈值可以设置为1/100，也就是说，所述缝隙的宽度远小于所述缝隙的长度； The EBG resonator 501 and the balun short-circuited double line 402 maintain a gap of a set width, and the EBG resonator 501 is coupled to the balun short-circuited double line 402 through the gap, and the ratio of the width of the gap to the length of the gap is less than a set first ratio threshold. Exemplarily, the first ratio threshold can be set to 1/100, that is, the width of the gap is much smaller than the length of the gap;
所述金属双线502与所述巴伦短路双线402电路连接，所述金属双线502的长度与所述金属双线502的宽度之比大于设定的第二比例阈值，示例性的，所述第二比例阈值可以设置为50，也就是说，所述金属双线的长度远大于所述金属双线的宽度。The metal double wire 502 is circuit-connected to the balun short-circuit double wire 402, and the ratio of the length of the metal double wire 502 to the width of the metal double wire 502 is greater than a set second ratio threshold. Exemplarily, the second ratio threshold can be set to 50, that is, the length of the metal double wire is much greater than the width of the metal double wire.
呈轴对称结构的巴伦短路双线402由对称轴两侧的421和422组成，可以在每片巴伦短路双线402的对称轴两侧成镜像对称嵌入两组结构完全相同的谐振组件403，本申请实施例中，仅以其中一组谐振组件为例说明其结构，请参考图6a、6b，分别为天线阵子单元的正面结构示意图和背面结构示意图。The balun short-circuited double wire 402 with an axisymmetric structure is composed of 421 and 422 on both sides of the symmetry axis. Two groups of resonant components 403 with exactly the same structure can be embedded in a mirror-symmetrical manner on both sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuited double wire 402. In the embodiment of the present application, only one group of resonant components is used as an example to illustrate its structure. Please refer to Figures 6a and 6b, which are schematic diagrams of the front structure and back structure of the antenna array unit, respectively.
所述EBG谐振器501的一种可选结构，包括两个尺寸相同的金属片601和601’。如图6a所示，一个金属片601嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402的正面；如图6b所示，另一个金属片601’嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402的背面相应位置。An optional structure of the EBG resonator 501 includes two metal sheets 601 and 601' of the same size. As shown in FIG6a , one metal sheet 601 is embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuited double line 402; as shown in FIG6b , the other metal sheet 601' is embedded in the corresponding position of the back side of the balun short-circuited double line 402.
请参考图7，金属片601的中部具有金属带线602、及连接在所述金属带线602尾部的第一金属化过孔603。类似的，金属片601’的中部具有金属带线602’、及连接在所述金属带线602’尾部的第一金属化过孔603’。两个金属片601和601’上的所述第一金属化过孔603和603’电路连接，形成金属导柱；两个金属片601和601’与所述巴伦短路双线402保持所述设定宽度的缝隙。Please refer to FIG7 , the middle of the metal sheet 601 has a metal strip line 602 and a first metallized via 603 connected to the tail of the metal strip line 602. Similarly, the middle of the metal sheet 601′ has a metal strip line 602′ and a first metallized via 603′ connected to the tail of the metal strip line 602′. The first metallized vias 603 and 603′ on the two metal sheets 601 and 601′ are connected in circuit to form a metal guide column; the two metal sheets 601 and 601′ maintain a gap of the set width with the balun short-circuit double line 402.
由于每片巴伦短路双线402具有一定的厚度，嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402正面的金属片601和嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402背面的金属片601’之间具有相应厚度的距离，同理，第一金属化过孔603和603’之间具有相应厚度的距离，通过在第一金属化过孔603和603’之间覆金属(例如铜)可以实现电路连接。可以理解，在嵌入所述巴伦短路双线正面的金属片中部的方形结构中，除金属带线、及第一金属化过孔外部之外的U型结构为非金属材料，所述金属片中部的金属带线、以及连接在所述金属带线尾部的第一金属化过孔结构为金属材料。所述金属双线502包括两条尺寸相同的金属细带线604和604’。如图6a所示，一条金属细带线604嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402的正面，金属细带线604的尾部具有第二金属化过孔605；如图6b所示，另一条金属细带 线604’嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402的背面相应位置，金属细带线604’的尾部具有第二金属化过孔605’。两条金属细带线604和604’上的所述第二金属化过孔605和605’电路连接，通过在第二金属化过孔605和605’之间覆金属(例如铜)可以实现电路连接。Since each balun short-circuit double line 402 has a certain thickness, there is a distance of corresponding thickness between the metal sheet 601 embedded in the front of the balun short-circuit double line 402 and the metal sheet 601' embedded in the back of the balun short-circuit double line 402. Similarly, there is a distance of corresponding thickness between the first metallized vias 603 and 603'. Circuit connection can be achieved by covering metal (such as copper) between the first metallized vias 603 and 603'. It can be understood that in the square structure in the middle of the metal sheet embedded in the front of the balun short-circuit double line, the U-shaped structure except the metal strip line and the outside of the first metallized via hole is a non-metallic material, and the metal strip line in the middle of the metal sheet and the first metallized via hole structure connected to the tail of the metal strip line are metal materials. The metal double line 502 includes two metal thin strip lines 604 and 604' of the same size. As shown in FIG6a, a thin metal strip line 604 is embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuit double line 402, and the tail of the thin metal strip line 604 has a second metallized via 605; as shown in FIG6b, another thin metal strip line The wire 604' is embedded in the corresponding position on the back of the balun short-circuit double wire 402, and the tail of the metal thin strip wire 604' has a second metallized via hole 605'. The second metallized via holes 605 and 605' on the two metal thin strip wires 604 and 604' are connected in circuit, and the circuit connection can be achieved by coating metal (such as copper) between the second metallized via holes 605 and 605'.
所述EBG谐振器501、以及金属双线502嵌入所述巴伦短路双线401，可以构成两阶谐振器，包括第一阶并联谐振器和第二阶串联谐振器。所述两阶谐振器相比一阶谐振器，具备更宽的低频阻带和高频通带特性。其中：The EBG resonator 501 and the metal double wire 502 embedded in the balun short-circuit double wire 401 can form a two-order resonator, including a first-order parallel resonator and a second-order series resonator. Compared with the first-order resonator, the two-order resonator has a wider low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics. Among them:
所述EBG谐振器501中两个金属片601和601’构成所述第一阶并联谐振器的等效电容结构，所述EBG谐振器501中两个金属片601和601’上的所述金属带线602和602’、以及所述第一金属化过孔603和603’构成所述第一阶并联谐振器的等效电感结构；The two metal sheets 601 and 601′ in the EBG resonator 501 constitute an equivalent capacitance structure of the first-order parallel resonator, and the metal strip lines 602 and 602′ on the two metal sheets 601 and 601′ in the EBG resonator 501 and the first metallized vias 603 and 603′ constitute an equivalent inductance structure of the first-order parallel resonator;
所述EBG谐振器501与所述巴伦短路双线402之间的缝隙构成所述第二阶串联谐振器的等效电容结构，所述金属双线502构成所述第二阶串联谐振器的等效电感结构。The gap between the EBG resonator 501 and the balun short-circuit double wire 402 constitutes an equivalent capacitance structure of the second-order series resonator, and the metal double wire 502 constitutes an equivalent inductance structure of the second-order series resonator.
所述第一阶并联谐振器的谐振频点与所述EBG谐振器的尺寸相关，EBG谐振器的尺寸越大，谐振频点越小；所述第二阶串联谐振器的谐振频点与所述EBG谐振器与所述巴伦短路双线之间的缝隙以及所述金属双线的长度相关。并联谐振器和串联谐振器在低频谐振频点均呈现阻带，高频部分呈现的容性和感性相互抵消，使得高频保持通带阻抗特性不变，最终呈现低频阻带、高频通带特性。The resonant frequency of the first-order parallel resonator is related to the size of the EBG resonator. The larger the size of the EBG resonator, the smaller the resonant frequency. The resonant frequency of the second-order series resonator is related to the gap between the EBG resonator and the balun short-circuited double wire and the length of the metal double wire. The parallel resonator and the series resonator both present stopbands at low-frequency resonant frequencies, and the capacitive and inductive properties of the high-frequency part cancel each other out, so that the high-frequency passband impedance characteristics remain unchanged, and finally present low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics.
本申请实施例中，通过在巴伦短路双线上嵌入EBG谐振器、以及金属双线构建多阶分布式串并联谐振器，并控制串并联谐振器阶数、调节低频阻带特性和高频通带特性，能够实现抑制低频共模感应电流的目的，改善多频共口径天线中的低频天线方向图恶化的问题，从而有效解决多频共口径天线中存在的高低频天线间共模耦合问题。In an embodiment of the present application, by embedding an EBG resonator on a balun short-circuited double wire and constructing a multi-order distributed series-parallel resonator with a metal double wire, and controlling the order of the series-parallel resonator, adjusting the low-frequency stopband characteristics and the high-frequency passband characteristics, the purpose of suppressing the low-frequency common-mode induced current can be achieved, and the problem of deterioration of the low-frequency antenna radiation pattern in the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna can be improved, thereby effectively solving the common-mode coupling problem between high and low frequency antennas in the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna.
在一种可选的实现方式中，谐振组件可以由金属细带线、以及交织型带 线组组成，金属细带线可等效为电感，交织型带线组可等效为电容，电感和电容结构在巴伦短路双线的同一面构成低频谐振开路(也可称之为断路)、高频谐振通路的状态。In an optional implementation, the resonant component can be composed of a metal thin strip line and a woven strip line. The wire group consists of metal thin strip lines that are equivalent to inductors, and interwoven strip line groups that are equivalent to capacitors. The inductor and capacitor structures form a low-frequency resonant open circuit (also called a break circuit) and a high-frequency resonant path on the same side of the balun short-circuited double wires.
如图8所示，所述谐振组件403的一种可选结构，可以包括金属细带线801、以及交织型带线组802，其中：As shown in FIG8 , an optional structure of the resonant component 403 may include a metal thin strip line 801 and an interwoven strip line group 802, wherein:
所述巴伦短路双线402的表面具有设定宽度的缝隙；The surface of the balun short-circuit double line 402 has a gap of a set width;
所述金属细带线801电路连接在所述缝隙之间，所述金属细带线801的长度与所述金属细带线801的宽度之比大于设定的第三比例阈值，示例性的，第三比例阈值可以设置为50，也就是说，所述金属细带线的长度远大于所述金属细带线的宽度；The metal thin strip line 801 is connected between the gaps in a circuit, and the ratio of the length of the metal thin strip line 801 to the width of the metal thin strip line 801 is greater than a set third ratio threshold. For example, the third ratio threshold can be set to 50, that is, the length of the metal thin strip line is much greater than the width of the metal thin strip line;
所述交织型带线组802包括至少两条金属带线，所述至少两条金属带线在所述缝隙之间上下交错排列，相邻金属带线之间的距离与所述缝隙的宽度之比小于设定的第四比例阈值，示例性的，所述第四比例阈值可以设置为1/10，也就是说，相邻金属带线之间的距离远小于所述缝隙的宽度。The interwoven strip line group 802 includes at least two metal strip lines, and the at least two metal strip lines are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner between the gaps. The ratio of the distance between adjacent metal strip lines to the width of the gap is less than a set fourth ratio threshold. Exemplarily, the fourth ratio threshold can be set to 1/10, that is, the distance between adjacent metal strip lines is much smaller than the width of the gap.
示例性的，如图8所示，在巴伦短路双线402的对称轴两侧，均设置八条上下交错排列的金属带线，相邻金属带线之间的距离远小于所述缝隙的宽度。Exemplarily, as shown in FIG8 , eight metal strips are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner on both sides of the symmetry axis of the balun short-circuit double line 402 , and the distance between adjacent metal strips is much smaller than the width of the gap.
具体的，所述金属细带线801、以及所述交织型带线组802可以嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402的正面。Specifically, the metal thin strip line 801 and the interwoven strip line group 802 can be embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuit double line 402 .
所述金属细带线801、以及交织型带线组802嵌入所述巴伦短路双线402，可以构成一阶并联谐振电路。其中：The metal thin strip line 801 and the interwoven strip line group 802 are embedded in the balun short-circuit double line 402 to form a first-order parallel resonant circuit.
所述交织型带线组802构成所述一阶并联谐振电路的等效电容结构，所述金属细带线801构成所述一阶并联谐振电路的等效电感结构。The interlaced strip line group 802 constitutes an equivalent capacitance structure of the first-order parallel resonant circuit, and the metal thin strip line 801 constitutes an equivalent inductance structure of the first-order parallel resonant circuit.
本申请实施例提供的天线阵子单元，在巴伦短路双线中嵌入谐振组件，以构成至少一阶谐振电路，每阶谐振电路中包括等效电容结构和等效电感结构，通过谐振电路中的等效电容结构和等效电感结构，可以在低频谐振频点 呈现阻带、高频谐振频点保持通带，从而实现抑制低频共模感应电流的目的，将该天线阵子单元应用在多频共口径天线中，可以有效解决多频共口径天线中存在的高低频天线间共模耦合问题。The antenna array unit provided in the embodiment of the present application embeds a resonant component in the short-circuited double wire of the balun to form at least one order resonant circuit. Each order resonant circuit includes an equivalent capacitor structure and an equivalent inductor structure. Through the equivalent capacitor structure and the equivalent inductor structure in the resonant circuit, the resonant frequency can be adjusted at a low frequency. It presents a stopband and maintains a passband at high-frequency resonant frequencies, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing low-frequency common-mode induced current. The antenna array unit is applied to multi-frequency common-aperture antennas, which can effectively solve the common-mode coupling problem between high- and low-frequency antennas in multi-frequency common-aperture antennas.
如图9所示，本申请实施例还提供一种天线辐射单元900，包括引向器901、支撑件902、以及上述天线阵子单元400，所述支撑件902用于连接所述引向器901和所述天线阵子单元400。As shown in FIG. 9 , an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna radiation unit 900 , including a director 901 , a support member 902 , and the above-mentioned antenna array unit 400 , wherein the support member 902 is used to connect the director 901 and the antenna array unit 400 .
其中，天线阵子单元400通常包括辐射器401、以及巴伦组件。巴伦组件由两片巴伦短路双线402相互垂直交叉组合形成，在一种可选的实现方式中，可以在每片巴伦短路双线的对称轴两侧成镜像对称各嵌入至少一组本申请实施例中提供的谐振组件403，组合后的天线辐射单元的立体示意图请参考图10。The antenna element unit 400 generally includes a radiator 401 and a balun component. The balun component is formed by two balun short-circuited double wires 402 that are perpendicularly crossed and combined. In an optional implementation, at least one group of resonant components 403 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be embedded in mirror symmetry on both sides of the symmetry axis of each balun short-circuited double wire. Please refer to Figure 10 for a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the combined antenna radiation unit.
本申请实施例提供的天线辐射单元，应用了上述具有低频阻带、高频通带特性的天线阵子单元，可以在低频谐振频点呈现阻带、高频谐振频点保持通带，从而实现抑制低频共模感应电流的目的，将该天线辐射单元应用在多频共口径天线中，可以有效解决多频共口径天线中存在的高低频天线间共模耦合问题。The antenna radiating unit provided in the embodiment of the present application applies the above-mentioned antenna array unit with low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics. It can present a stopband at the low-frequency resonant frequency and maintain a passband at the high-frequency resonant frequency, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing low-frequency common-mode induced current. The antenna radiating unit is applied to a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna, which can effectively solve the common-mode coupling problem between high and low frequency antennas in the multi-frequency common-aperture antenna.
如图11所示，本申请实施例还提供一种天线阵列，包括馈电网络1101，以及至少两个上述天线辐射单元900。每个天线辐射单元900包括引向器901、支撑件902、以及上述天线阵子单元400。各所述天线辐射单元900按照设定的阵列结构电路连接在所述馈电网络1101上。As shown in FIG11 , an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna array, comprising a feed network 1101 and at least two of the above-mentioned antenna radiating units 900. Each antenna radiating unit 900 comprises a director 901, a support member 902, and the above-mentioned antenna array unit 400. Each of the antenna radiating units 900 is connected to the feed network 1101 according to a set array structure circuit.
天线阵列可以包括至少一条发射信号通道和至少一条接收信号通道，信号由馈电网络1101输入口进入，经过馈电网络1101馈入巴伦组件，通过辐射器401和引向器901向外界发射信号；同理，也可通过此路径接收信号。The antenna array may include at least one transmitting signal channel and at least one receiving signal channel. The signal enters from the input port of the feed network 1101, is fed into the balun component through the feed network 1101, and is transmitted to the outside world through the radiator 401 and the director 901; similarly, the signal can also be received through this path.
为了实现基站天线的性能，具体实施中，可以直接加工成天线阵列，根据实际天线分布情况可以进行单元扩容，天线阵列包括但不限于1to2,1to3,1to4,1to5...1toN等子阵列形式，“1”是指馈电网络，“2,3,4,5…N” 是指天线辐射单元。其中，1to3子阵列相比于1to2子阵列可以获得更高的增益，从而实现更好的网络覆盖。In order to achieve the performance of the base station antenna, in the specific implementation, it can be directly processed into an antenna array. The unit capacity can be expanded according to the actual antenna distribution. The antenna array includes but is not limited to 1to2, 1to3, 1to4, 1to5...1toN and other sub-array forms. "1" refers to the feed network, "2,3,4,5...N" Refers to the antenna radiation unit. Among them, the 1to3 subarray can obtain higher gain than the 1to2 subarray, thereby achieving better network coverage.
每个所述天线辐射单元900中辐射器401的尺寸可以按照设定的辐射频段配置，根据天线辐射单元的辐射器的形状，可以进行不同比例的缩放，实现不同频段的辐射效果，依据电磁场理论，所实现的辐射器尺寸越小，其实现的频段越高。The size of the radiator 401 in each of the antenna radiation units 900 can be configured according to the set radiation frequency band. According to the shape of the radiator of the antenna radiation unit, it can be scaled at different proportions to achieve radiation effects in different frequency bands. According to electromagnetic field theory, the smaller the size of the radiator, the higher the frequency band achieved.
本申请实施例提供的天线阵列，每个天线辐射单元中辐射器的尺寸可以按照设定的辐射频段灵活配置，形成多频共口径天线；在每个天线辐射单元中均引入了上述具有低频阻带、高频通带特性的天线阵子单元，可以在低频谐振频点呈现阻带、高频谐振频点保持通带，从而实现抑制低频共模感应电流的目的，有效解决天线阵列中存在的高低频天线间共模耦合问题。In the antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application, the size of the radiator in each antenna radiating unit can be flexibly configured according to the set radiation frequency band to form a multi-frequency common-aperture antenna; the above-mentioned antenna array unit with low-frequency stopband and high-frequency passband characteristics is introduced into each antenna radiating unit, which can present a stopband at the low-frequency resonant frequency and maintain a passband at the high-frequency resonant frequency, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing low-frequency common-mode induced current and effectively solving the common-mode coupling problem between high and low frequency antennas in the antenna array.
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外，需要指出的是，本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能，还可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能，例如，可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法，并且还可以添加、省去、或组合各种步骤。另外，参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。 The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线阵子单元，包括辐射器、巴伦短路双线、以及谐振组件，其中：An antenna array unit includes a radiator, a balun short-circuited double wire, and a resonant component, wherein:
    所述辐射器与所述巴伦短路双线电路连接；The radiator is connected to the balun short-circuited two-wire circuit;
    所述谐振组件嵌入所述巴伦短路双线，以构成具有低频阻带、高频通带特性的至少一阶谐振电路，每阶谐振电路中包括等效电容结构和等效电感结构。The resonant component is embedded in the short-circuited double line of the balun to form at least one order resonant circuit with low frequency stop band and high frequency pass band characteristics, and each order resonant circuit includes an equivalent capacitance structure and an equivalent inductance structure.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线阵子单元，其中，所述谐振组件包括电磁带隙结构EBG谐振器、以及金属双线，其中：The antenna array unit according to claim 1, wherein the resonant component comprises an electromagnetic bandgap structure EBG resonator and a metal double wire, wherein:
    所述EBG谐振器、以及所述金属双线嵌入在所述巴伦短路双线的表面；The EBG resonator and the metal double wire are embedded in the surface of the balun short-circuit double wire;
    所述EBG谐振器与所述巴伦短路双线保持设定宽度的缝隙，所述EBG谐振器通过所述缝隙与所述巴伦短路双线耦合连接，所述缝隙的宽度与所述缝隙的长度之比小于设定的第一比例阈值；The EBG resonator and the balun short-circuit double line maintain a gap of a set width, the EBG resonator is coupled to the balun short-circuit double line through the gap, and the ratio of the width of the gap to the length of the gap is less than a set first ratio threshold;
    所述金属双线与所述巴伦短路双线电路连接，所述金属双线的长度与所述金属双线的宽度之比大于设定的第二比例阈值。The metal double wire is connected to the balun short-circuit double wire circuit, and a ratio of a length of the metal double wire to a width of the metal double wire is greater than a set second ratio threshold.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线阵子单元，其中，所述EBG谐振器包括两个尺寸相同的金属片，每个金属片的中部具有金属带线、及连接在所述金属带线尾部的第一金属化过孔，一个金属片嵌入所述巴伦短路双线的正面，另一个金属片嵌入所述巴伦短路双线的背面相应位置，两个金属片上的所述第一金属化过孔电路连接，两个金属片与所述巴伦短路双线保持所述设定宽度的缝隙；The antenna array unit according to claim 2, wherein the EBG resonator comprises two metal sheets of the same size, each metal sheet having a metal strip line in the middle and a first metallized via connected to the tail of the metal strip line, one metal sheet is embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuited double line, and the other metal sheet is embedded in the corresponding position on the back side of the balun short-circuited double line, the first metallized vias on the two metal sheets are connected in circuit, and the two metal sheets maintain a gap of the set width with the balun short-circuited double line;
    所述金属双线包括两条尺寸相同的金属细带线，每条金属细带线的尾部具有第二金属化过孔，一条金属细带线嵌入所述巴伦短路双线的正面，另一条金属细带线嵌入所述巴伦短路双线的背面相应位置，两条金属细带线上的所述第二金属化过孔电路连接。The metal double line includes two metal thin strip lines of the same size, each metal thin strip line has a second metallized via at the tail, one metal thin strip line is embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuit double line, and the other metal thin strip line is embedded in the corresponding position on the back side of the balun short-circuit double line, and the second metallized via circuits on the two metal thin strip lines are connected.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线阵子单元，其中，所述至少一阶谐振电路 包括第一阶并联谐振器和第二阶串联谐振器，其中：The antenna element unit according to claim 3, wherein the at least one first-order resonant circuit It includes a first-order parallel resonator and a second-order series resonator, wherein:
    所述两个金属片构成所述第一阶并联谐振器的等效电容结构，所述两个金属片上的所述金属带线及第一金属化过孔构成所述第一阶并联谐振器的等效电感结构；The two metal sheets constitute an equivalent capacitance structure of the first-order parallel resonator, and the metal strip lines and the first metallized vias on the two metal sheets constitute an equivalent inductance structure of the first-order parallel resonator;
    所述EBG谐振器与所述巴伦短路双线之间的缝隙构成所述第二阶串联谐振器的等效电容结构，所述金属双线构成所述第二阶串联谐振器的等效电感结构。The gap between the EBG resonator and the balun short-circuit double wire constitutes an equivalent capacitance structure of the second-order series resonator, and the metal double wire constitutes an equivalent inductance structure of the second-order series resonator.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的天线阵子单元，其中，所述谐振组件包括金属细带线、以及交织型带线组，其中：The antenna array unit according to claim 1, wherein the resonant component comprises a metal thin strip line and a group of interwoven strip lines, wherein:
    所述巴伦短路双线的表面具有设定宽度的缝隙；The surface of the balun short-circuit double line has a gap of a set width;
    所述金属细带线电路连接在所述缝隙之间，所述金属细带线的长度与所述金属细带线的宽度之比大于设定的第三比例阈值；The metal thin strip line circuit is connected between the gaps, and the ratio of the length of the metal thin strip line to the width of the metal thin strip line is greater than a set third ratio threshold;
    所述交织型带线组包括至少两条金属带线，所述至少两条金属带线在所述缝隙之间上下交错排列，相邻金属带线之间的距离与所述缝隙的宽度之比小于设定的第四比例阈值。The interwoven strip line group includes at least two metal strip lines, and the at least two metal strip lines are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner between the gaps. The ratio of the distance between adjacent metal strip lines to the width of the gap is less than a set fourth ratio threshold.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的天线阵子单元，其中，所述金属细带线、以及所述交织型带线组嵌入在所述巴伦短路双线的正面。The antenna array unit according to claim 5, wherein the metal thin strip line and the interwoven strip line group are embedded in the front side of the balun short-circuit double line.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的天线阵子单元，其中，所述至少一阶谐振电路包括一阶并联谐振电路，其中：The antenna element unit according to claim 6, wherein the at least one first-order resonant circuit comprises a first-order parallel resonant circuit, wherein:
    所述交织型带线组构成所述一阶并联谐振电路的等效电容结构，所述金属细带线构成所述一阶并联谐振电路的等效电感结构。The interlaced strip line group constitutes an equivalent capacitance structure of the first-order parallel resonant circuit, and the metal thin strip line constitutes an equivalent inductance structure of the first-order parallel resonant circuit.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的天线阵子单元，其中，所述天线阵子单元包括两片呈轴对称结构的所述巴伦短路双线，每片所述巴伦短路双线的对称轴两侧成镜像对称各嵌入至少一组所述谐振组件，两片所述巴伦短路双线相互垂直交叉组合形成巴伦组件；所述辐射器电路连接在所述巴伦组件的上部。The antenna array unit according to claim 1, wherein the antenna array unit comprises two pieces of the balun short-circuited double wires in an axially symmetrical structure, each piece of the balun short-circuited double wire is embedded with at least one group of the resonant components in a mirror-symmetrical manner on both sides of the symmetry axis, and the two pieces of the balun short-circuited double wires are perpendicularly crossed and combined to form a balun component; the radiator circuit is connected to the upper part of the balun component.
  9. 一种天线辐射单元，包括引向器、支撑件、以及如权利要求1至8 中任一项所述的天线阵子单元，所述支撑件配置为连接所述引向器和所述天线阵子单元。An antenna radiation unit, comprising a director, a support, and as claimed in claims 1 to 8 In the antenna array unit described in any one of the above, the support member is configured to connect the director and the antenna array unit.
  10. 一种天线阵列，包括馈电网络，以及至少两个如权利要求9中所述的天线辐射单元，各所述天线辐射单元按照设定的阵列结构电路连接在所述馈电网络上，每个所述天线辐射单元中辐射器的尺寸按照设定的辐射频段配置。 An antenna array comprises a feeding network and at least two antenna radiating units as described in claim 9, wherein each of the antenna radiating units is connected to the feeding network according to a set array structure circuit, and the size of the radiator in each of the antenna radiating units is configured according to a set radiation frequency band.
PCT/CN2023/132885 2022-11-24 2023-11-21 Antenna element unit, antenna radiation unit, and antenna array WO2024109729A1 (en)

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CN106797075A (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-05-31 华为技术有限公司 One kind is used for the dual-polarized antenna oscillator of multifrequency antenna
CN108933331A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-12-04 胡南 Archimedian screw array antenna
CN109599657A (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-04-09 安徽大学 It is a kind of based on antenna array and function divide feeding network integrated design towards 5G base-station antenna array and its design method
CN110011048A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-12 华南理工大学 A kind of wideband dual polarized filtering dipole antenna of no additional circuit
CN111384594A (en) * 2018-12-29 2020-07-07 华为技术有限公司 High-frequency radiator, multi-frequency array antenna and base station
CN112909534A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-04 深圳市共进电子股份有限公司 Sub-6G antenna, antenna system and terminal

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US20130314292A1 (en) * 2012-05-24 2013-11-28 Andrew Llc Dipole Strength Clip
CN106797075A (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-05-31 华为技术有限公司 One kind is used for the dual-polarized antenna oscillator of multifrequency antenna
CN108933331A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-12-04 胡南 Archimedian screw array antenna
CN109599657A (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-04-09 安徽大学 It is a kind of based on antenna array and function divide feeding network integrated design towards 5G base-station antenna array and its design method
CN111384594A (en) * 2018-12-29 2020-07-07 华为技术有限公司 High-frequency radiator, multi-frequency array antenna and base station
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CN112909534A (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-04 深圳市共进电子股份有限公司 Sub-6G antenna, antenna system and terminal

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