WO2024093863A1 - 高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具 - Google Patents

高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024093863A1
WO2024093863A1 PCT/CN2023/127527 CN2023127527W WO2024093863A1 WO 2024093863 A1 WO2024093863 A1 WO 2024093863A1 CN 2023127527 W CN2023127527 W CN 2023127527W WO 2024093863 A1 WO2024093863 A1 WO 2024093863A1
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Prior art keywords
piston block
push rod
outer tube
driving module
sampling head
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PCT/CN2023/127527
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胥波
齐义舟
朱建民
齐培州
张强
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上海组波智能仪器科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024093863A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024093863A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of laboratory chemical research, in particular to a high-efficiency quantitative measuring and transferring tool for trace solid powder.
  • Chemical synthesis is widely used in various fields such as medicine, pesticides, fine chemicals, materials, sensors, aerospace, etc., but chemical synthesis is still a very dangerous and labor-intensive industry. Due to the wide variety of chemicals involved in chemical synthesis, in order to achieve automatic synthesis, it is first necessary to realize the automated quantitative transfer of a large number of chemical reagents. The automated transfer of liquid reagents is relatively easy, but the automated quantitative transfer of solid and semi-solid reagents faces great challenges. In addition, chemical synthesis often encounters highly toxic or water- and air-sensitive chemical reagents, and their automated processing will be more difficult. There is currently no good solution at home and abroad.
  • volumetric method Usually, using a liquid workstation or manual pipette, the quantitative transfer and transfer of liquid reagents is achieved by volumetric method, so we also think that the weighing and transfer of solid reagents can also be achieved by volumetric method in theory.
  • the volumetric method is relatively rare in the market.
  • the representative product is the automatic powder dispensing and processing system of Zinsser Analytic. The principle is to suck the powder with vacuum in a volumetric manner and then blow the powder out with compressed air. However, since the system uses vacuum, the corresponding filter needs to be replaced or cleaned every time the sample is changed, and the special structure and control method of vacuum quantitative adsorption of powder are extremely complex and difficult to operate, which makes the actual use very complicated and the practicality is low.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method based on volumetric method with simple structure and high performance. Reliable and easy-to-use automated or semi-automated quantitative measurement and transfer tools for trace solid powders. They can also be used in combination with mass measurement tools such as analytical balances to improve accuracy.
  • mass measurement tools such as analytical balances to improve accuracy.
  • the use of low-cost disposable sampling heads completely solves the problem of cross-contamination in the transfer of multiple samples.
  • the design is highly lightweight and can be used in relatively small closed environments such as glove boxes, solving the problem of handling toxic and highly water/oxygen sensitive reagents.
  • a high-efficiency quantitative measuring and transferring tool for trace solid powders comprising: a disposable sampling head, wherein the disposable sampling head comprises an outer tube and a piston block, wherein the piston block is slidably sleeved within the outer tube; one end of the piston block is connected to a driving module, wherein the driving module is used to drive the piston block to slide within the outer tube, and a cavity for accommodating powder is formed between the other end of the piston block away from the driving module and the outer tube.
  • the disposable sampling head is made by plastic injection molding.
  • the volume of the cavity is adjustable.
  • the driving module includes a push rod, the push rod has an inner A vacuum channel is formed; and the bottom of the piston block is made of porous material.
  • the porous material comprises a porous plastic sheet.
  • the bottom of the piston block is sealed, and the piston block is made of a conductive material;
  • the driving module includes a push rod, and the push rod is a metal push rod, and the push rod is connected to an electrostatic generator.
  • the conductive material includes conductive plastic.
  • the bottom of the piston block is sealed and the piston block is made of ordinary non-conductive plastic.
  • a high-efficiency quantitative measuring and transferring tool for trace solid powders comprising: a disposable sampling head, the disposable sampling head comprising an outer tube and a push rod, the push rod being slidably sleeved within the outer tube; one end of the push rod being connected to a driving module, the driving module being used to drive the push rod to slide within the outer tube, and a cavity for accommodating powder is formed between the other end of the push rod facing away from the driving module and the outer tube.
  • the driving module includes two forms: electric drive or manual drive.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a disposable sampling head of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a disposable sampling head of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a disposable sampling head of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a disposable sampling head of the present invention.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric powder capacity control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a manual mechanical capacity control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • horizontal does not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted.
  • horizontal only means that its direction is more horizontal than “vertical”, and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
  • the terms “set”, “install”, “connect”, and “connect” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the present invention uses a disposable sampling head, which can be produced by plastic injection molding and has a low production cost.
  • the design of the sampling head is similar to that of a disposable syringe, and is divided into two parts: an outer tube 1 and a piston block, wherein the piston block 2 and the outer tube 1 are in close contact.
  • the method of use is to first insert the mechanical push rod 3 into the piston block 2, and then insert the mechanical push rod 3 with the piston block 2 installed into the outer tube 1.
  • a structure similar to a syringe is formed, and the mechanical push rod 3 with the piston block 2 installed can be regarded as a piston, and the capacity of the powder sampling device can be set by adjusting the position of the piston.
  • Our piston block 2 and push rod 3 can have a variety of designs for different powders.
  • a porous plastic sheet 21 can be installed at the front end of the piston block 2, and in this case, it is used in conjunction with a push rod 3 with a vacuum channel 31.
  • the vacuum is used to assist the powder transfer into the sampling head. This situation is suitable for inorganic powders with a large solid density.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment of FIG1 is that the front end of the piston block 2 is solid, but the piston block 2 is made of conductive plastic.
  • the corresponding metal push rod 3 is connected to an electrostatic generator, and the electrostatic auxiliary powder is transferred into the sampling head. This design is suitable for organic powders with low solid density.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment of FIG1 is that the front end of the piston block 2 is solid, but the piston block 2 is made of ordinary non-conductive plastic, and the push rod 3 does not need to be connected to an electrostatic generator.
  • the aggregation formed by the van der Waals force between the powder particles is used to transfer the powder into the sampling head. This design is suitable for powders with higher viscosity and finer powders.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment of FIG1 is that there is no piston block design, and only the outer tube 1 is retained. At this time, the push rod 3 directly replaces the function of the piston block. This simplifies the system design and reduces the system cost. The outer tube 1 is discarded after use, but the push rod 3 must be cleaned after each use.
  • a powder volume control system can be further provided.
  • the sampling head is designed as a structure similar to a syringe, and the mechanical push rod with the piston block installed can be regarded as a piston.
  • the capacity of the cavity of the powder sampling device can be set by adjusting the position of the piston.
  • the position or capacity control of the piston can be controlled by electric control or by a manual mechanical structure.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the powder capacity control system.
  • the push rod is connected to the push rod motor for linear motion through a coupling, and the outer tube is inserted into the outer tube fixing seat to achieve fixation.
  • the push rod is inserted into the sampling head, so that a cavity of a certain volume can be generated through the movement of the motor for powder transfer.
  • the push rod is a hollow structure made of metal, so it can be connected to a vacuum system or an electrostatic generator to assist in the transfer of powder.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of manual mechanical control of powder capacity.
  • the push rod is connected to a screw structure with a mechanical counter (gear carry count) that can move linearly, the outer tube is inserted into the outer tube fixing seat to fix it, and the push rod is inserted into the above-mentioned sampling head, so that the push rod can be moved by adjusting the screw knob of the mechanical counter to generate a cavity of a certain volume for powder transfer.
  • the manual structure does not use a vacuum or electrostatic generator, the cost is low, and the transfer is achieved only by using the viscosity of the powder itself.
  • the following is a method of using the high-efficiency quantitative measuring and transfer tool for trace solid powders provided in this embodiment.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment has the following technical effects: it can realize automated (high throughput) or semi-automated (high flexibility) operation at the same time; it can be used in combination with mass measurement tools such as analytical balances to improve accuracy; it uses low-cost disposable sampling heads to completely solve the problem of cross-contamination in the transfer of multiple samples; and it is highly lightweight in design and can be used in a small closed environment such as a glove box, solving the problem of handling toxic and highly water/oxygen sensitive reagents.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

一种高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，包括：一次性取样头，一次性取样头包括外管（1）和活塞块（2），活塞块（2）滑动套接于外管（1）之内；活塞块（2）的一端连接驱动模块，驱动模块用于驱动活塞块（2）在外管（1）内滑动，活塞块（2）背离驱动模块的另一端与外管（1）之间形成用于容纳粉体的空腔。

Description

高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具 技术领域
本发明涉及实验室化学研究领域，具体而言，涉及一种高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具。
背景技术
化学合成在医药、农药、精细化工、材料、传感器、航空航天等各个领域的运用广泛，但化学合成目前仍是一个有相当危险性的，劳动密集型的行业。由于化学合成中涉及的化学品种类繁多，要想实现自动合成，首先需要实现自动化定量转移数量众多的化学试剂。液体试剂的自动化移取相对容易，然而固体、半固体试剂的自动化定量转移却面临很大的挑战。而且化学合成中经常会遇到高毒性或者对水和空气敏感的化学试剂，他们的自动化处理会更加困难，国内外目前还没有很好的解决方案。
目前国内外针对粉末状固体试剂的自动化称量和转移主要 是基于粉末传动装置和电子天平的配合使用。市场上的主流方案中以梅特勒公司的自动化称量装置最为成功(其他公司也有原理类似的***)。原理是将固体粉末试剂预先装入加料瓶，然后倒立加料瓶，粉末通过一个金属螺杆装置传动转移到称量目标容器，转移的量由天平反馈并控制金属螺杆传动装置工作，实现定量的粉末转移。
虽然电子分析天平在理想条件下有很高的精度，但是高精度称量通常需要非常稳定的工作环境、足够的稳定时间，不同的固体粉末试剂通常颗粒度、堆积密度、流动性能等物理属性各不相同，导致这种转移过程极为复杂，超过目标重量很难回头，所以精度很难控制。还有实验室环境需要通风，而气流对天平的精度影响极大，所以遇到高毒性或者对水和空气敏感的化学试剂几乎无法处理。还有固体样品必须事先加入特制的加样瓶，而且由于金属螺杆传动装置价值较高，很难清洗，对腐蚀性化学试剂的耐受性也难以保证。所以该***难以处理数量和种类都较多的样品，尤其是腐蚀性样品。
通常的，使用液体工作站或者手动移液枪，液体试剂的定量移取和转移是通过容积法实现的，所以我们也思考固体试剂的称量和转移理论上也可以使用容积法。但是由于固体不像液 体那样均匀而且容易转移，市场上以容积法为主的仪器相对少见。代表产品为Zinsser Analytic公司的自动化粉末分配处理***。其原理为体积方式用真空吸入粉末，然后用压缩空气将粉末吹出。但由于该***时使用了真空，每次更换样品都需要更换或清洗相应的过滤片，并且真空定量吸附粉体的专制结构和控制方法极其复杂和难操作，造成实际使用非常复杂，实用性较低。
现有的重量法：虽然电子分析天平在理想条件下有很高的精度，但是称量需要一定的稳定时间，粉末转转移过程复杂，超过目标重量很难回头，精度很难控制。还有实验室环境需要通风，而气流对天平的精度影响极大，所以遇到高毒性或者对水和空气敏感的化学试剂几乎无法自动处理。还有固体样品必须事先加入特制的加样瓶，难以处理数量较多的样品。而且由于金属螺杆传动装置很难清洗，价值较高，对腐蚀性化学试剂的耐受性也难以保证。
现有的容积法：每次更换样品都需要更换或清洗相应的取样头，过滤片等，造成使用非常复杂，实用性较低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于容积法且结构简单、性能 可靠、且容易自操作使用的动化或半自动化对微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，也可以和质量测量工具如分析天平结合使用以提高精度。使用低成本一次性取样头，彻底解决多个样品转移中的交叉污染问题。并且设计高度轻量化，可以在体积相对较小的封闭环境如手套箱中使用，解决了有毒和高水/氧敏感试剂的处理。
本发明的实施例是这样实现的：
本发明实施例的一方面，提供一种高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，包括：一次性取样头，所述一次性取样头包括外管和活塞块，所述活塞块滑动套接于所述外管之内；所述活塞块的一端连接驱动模块，所述驱动模块用于驱动所述活塞块在所述外管内滑动，所述活塞块背离所述驱动模块的另一端与所述外管之间形成用于容纳粉体的空腔。
在一些实施例中，所述一次性取样头是由塑料注塑方式制成。
在一些实施例中，所述空腔的容积是可调整的。
在一些实施例中，所述驱动模块包括推杆，所述推杆内部 形成有真空通道；所述活塞块的底部由多孔材料制成。
在一些实施例中，所述多孔材料包括多孔塑料片。
在一些实施例中，所述活塞块的底部密封，所述活塞块由导电材料制成；所述驱动模块包括推杆，所述推杆为金属推杆，所述推杆连接有静电发生器。
在一些实施例中，所述导电材料包括导电塑料。
在一些实施例中，所述活塞块的底部密封，所述活塞块由普通非导电塑料制成。
本发明实施例的另一方面，还提供一种高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，包括：一次性取样头，所述一次性取样头包括外管和推杆，所述推杆滑动套接于所述外管之内；所述推杆的一端连接驱动模块，所述驱动模块用于驱动所述推杆在所述外管内滑动，所述推杆背离所述驱动模块的另一端与所述外管之间形成用于容纳粉体的空腔。
在一些实施例中，所述驱动模块包括电动驱动或手动驱动两种形式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明一次性取样头第一实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本发明一次性取样头第二实施例的结构示意图；
图3为本发明一次性取样头第三实施例的结构示意图；
图4为本发明一次性取样头第四实施例的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的电动粉体容量控制***结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的手动机械容量控制***统结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和 简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，术语“水平”、“竖直”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本发明的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例1
1.取样头设计
如图1，本发明使用一次性取样头，取样头可以用塑料注塑方式生产，生产成本较低。取样头设计和一次性注射器相似，分为外管1和活塞块2个部分，其中活塞块2和外管1为紧密接触。使用方式为先将机械推杆3***活塞块2，然后装好活塞块2的机械推杆3再***外管1中。这样就形成了一个类似于注射器的结构，装好活塞块2的机械推杆3可以看作一个活塞，调节活塞位置就可以设定粉体取样装置的容量。我们的活塞块2和推杆3针对不同的粉体可以有多种设计。
活塞块2前端可安装多孔塑料片21，此时与有真空通道31的推杆3配套使用。利用真空的辅助粉体转移进取样头。这种情况适合固体密度较大的无机物粉体。
实施例2
如图2，本实施例与图1的实施例一的不同之处在于，活塞块2前端为实心，但活塞块2由导电塑料制备。相应的金属推杆3连接上静电发生器，利用静电的辅助粉体转移进取样头，这种设计适合固体密度较低有机物粉体。
实施例3
如图3，本实施例与图1的实施例一的不同之处在于，活塞块2前端为实心，但活塞块2由普通非导电塑料制备，推杆3也不需要连接上静电发生器，利用粉体颗粒间范德华力形成的聚集性转移进取样头，这种设计适合粉末粘性较高且较细的粉体。
实施例4
如图4，本实施例与图1的实施例一的不同之处在于，无活塞块设计，只保留外管1，此时推杆3直接代替了活塞块的作用，这种情况简化了***设计，降低了***成本，外管1使用后丢弃，但每次使用后都要对推杆3进行清洁。
进一步地，此外，还可以进一步配套粉体容量控制***，在本实施例中，取样头设计为一个类似于注射器的结构，装好活塞块的机械推杆可以看作一个活塞，调节活塞的位置就可以设定粉体取样装置空腔的容量。活塞的位置或容量控制可以由电动控制也可以由手动机械结构控制。
如图5，图5为粉体容量控制***示意图。推杆与直线运动的推杆电机通过联轴器连接，外管***外管固定座固定实现固 定，推杆***上述的取样头，这样就可以通过电机的运动实现产生一定体积的空腔，用于粉末转移。推杆为金属材质的中空结构，这样就可以和真空***或者静电发生器连接，辅助粉末的转移。
如图6，图6为粉体容量手动机械控制示意图。推杆与可直线运动的带机械计数器(齿轮进位计数)的螺杆结构连接，外管***外管固定座固定实现固定，推杆***上述的取样头，这样就可以通过调节机械计数器的螺杆旋钮来移动推杆，产生一定体积的空腔，用于粉末转移。手动结构不使用真空或者静电发生器，成本较低，仅仅利用粉末自身的粘性实现转移。
以下为本实施例提供的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具一种使用方式。
1.先将推杆***活塞块，然后装好活塞块的机械推杆再***外管中。
2.使用上述的电动或机械方式用推杆拉动活塞块以产生一定体积的空腔。
3.将取样头***固体粉体中，可重复***操作以直到粉体 充满空腔并达到相对恒定的粉体密度。如果粉体粘性很差或者流动性太高可使用真空或静电取样头以加强粉体和取样头之间的作用力。
4.取出取样头，推动推杆将粉体推出
5.弹出取样头，完成操作
本实施例的技术方案具有如下技术效果：同时实现自动化(高通量)或半自动化(高灵活性)操作；可以和质量测量工具如分析天平结合使用以提高精度；使用低成本一次性取样头，彻底解决多个样品转移中的交叉污染问题；并且设计高度轻量化，可以在体积较小的封闭环境如手套箱中使用，解决了有毒和高水/氧敏感试剂的处理。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，包括：一次性取样头，所述一次性取样头包括外管和活塞块，所述活塞块滑动套接于所述外管之内；所述活塞块的一端连接驱动模块，所述驱动模块用于驱动所述活塞块在所述外管内滑动，所述活塞块背离所述驱动模块的另一端与所述外管之间形成用于容纳粉体的空腔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，所述一次性取样头是由塑料注塑方式制成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，所述空腔的容积是可调整的。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，所述驱动模块包括推杆，所述推杆内部形成有真空通道；所述活塞块的底部由多孔材料制成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，所述多孔材料包括多孔塑料片或其它多孔材料。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，所述活塞块的底部密封，所述活塞块由导电材料制成；所述驱动模块包括推杆，所述推杆为金属推杆，所述推杆连接有静电发生器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，所述导电材料包括导电塑料。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，所述活塞块的底部密封，所述活塞块由普通非导电塑料制成。
  9. 一种高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，包括：一次性取样头，所述一次性取样头包括外管和推杆，所述推杆滑动套接于所述外管之内；所述推杆的一端连接驱动模块，所述驱动模块用于驱动所述推杆在所述外管内滑动， 所述推杆背离所述驱动模块的另一端与所述外管之间形成用于容纳粉体的空腔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的高效率微量固体粉末的定量量取和转移工具，其特征在于，所述驱动模块包括电动驱动或手动驱动两种形式。
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