WO2024088120A1 - 一种胫骨托假体 - Google Patents
一种胫骨托假体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024088120A1 WO2024088120A1 PCT/CN2023/125113 CN2023125113W WO2024088120A1 WO 2024088120 A1 WO2024088120 A1 WO 2024088120A1 CN 2023125113 W CN2023125113 W CN 2023125113W WO 2024088120 A1 WO2024088120 A1 WO 2024088120A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tibial tray
- column
- platform
- prosthesis
- porous
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008468 bone growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002639 bone cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037118 bone strength Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002316 cosmetic surgery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013150 knee replacement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
- A61F2/389—Tibial components
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30621—Features concerning the anatomical functioning or articulation of the prosthetic joint
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2002/30985—Designing or manufacturing processes using three dimensional printing [3DP]
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a tibial tray prosthesis.
- the existing tibial tray prosthesis is fixed in the human body mainly through the fixation between the tibial tray and the tibial pad, but the tibial tray prosthesis will twist in the tibia during use, which will cause the structural bearing capacity between the tibial tray prosthesis and the tibia to be weak. After long-term use, it will aggravate the wear of the tibia, which will not only affect the service life of the tibial tray, but also may cause complications.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tibial tray prosthesis to improve the problem that the existing biological coating may cause strength reduction, delayed healing and the like on bones.
- a tibial tray prosthesis comprises a tibial tray platform and a fixing assembly, wherein the tibial tray platform has a proximal surface facing the tibia and a distal surface arranged opposite to the proximal surface, and the fixing assembly is fixedly connected to the proximal surface of the tibial tray platform; the proximal surface of the tibial tray platform is also provided with a porous 3D printed metal
- the porous 3D printed metal structure has a pore intercept of 200 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m and a porosity of 50% to 80%.
- a porous 3D printed metal structure is also provided on a side of the fixation component close to the tibial tray platform.
- the thickness of the porous 3D printed metal structure is not less than 1 mm.
- the fixing assembly is a tibial tray column disposed on the proximal surface of the tibial tray platform, the tibial tray column has a column body extending away from the distal surface, and a plurality of wing plates are disposed on the peripheral side of the column body.
- the side wall of the wing plate on the thickness side includes a first side wall that is fitted and fixed to the proximal surface of the tibial support platform, a second side wall that is fitted and fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the column, and a third side wall connecting the first side wall and the second side wall, and the vertical distance between the third side wall and the column gradually decreases from the connection with the column toward the free end.
- the column is a columnar structure that gradually decreases from the connection point to the free end.
- the fixing assembly further comprises a plurality of bosses disposed on the proximal surface of the tibial tray platform, and the plurality of bosses are distributed beside the tibial tray column.
- a porous 3D printed metal structure is also provided on a side of the boss close to the tibial tray platform.
- a plurality of inwardly concave recesses are disposed on the side surface of the boss, and the plurality of recesses are distributed in the circumferential direction of the boss.
- the free end of the boss is a pointed insertion portion.
- the tibial tray platform and the fixing component are integrally manufactured by 3D printing, or the fixing component is formed on the tibial tray platform by 3D printing.
- the present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the beneficial effect that the proximal surface of the tibial tray prosthesis provided by the present invention is provided with a porous 3D printed metal structure, and the pore intercept of the porous 3D printed metal structure is 200 ⁇ m-500 ⁇ m, and the porosity is 50%-80%.
- the elastic modulus of the porous 3D printed metal structure is similar to that of human bones, which can reduce the gravitational shielding effect and is more conducive to long bones. At the same time, it can also reduce the stress shielding effect of the tibial tray prosthesis, improve the existing prosthesis caused by the reduced strength of the bone, Problems such as delayed healing.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a tibial tray prosthesis in one viewing direction.
- FIG. 2 shows a front view of a tibial tray prosthesis.
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the tibial tray prosthesis in another viewing direction.
- FIG. 4 shows a bottom view of the tibial tray prosthesis.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a tibial tray post.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a boss.
- horizontal does not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted.
- “horizontal” only means that its direction is more horizontal than “vertical”, and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
- the terms “set”, “install”, “connect”, and “connect” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
- the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
- this embodiment provides a tibial tray prosthesis, including a tibial tray platform 1 and a fixing assembly, and the fixing assembly in this embodiment includes a tibial tray column 2.
- the tibial tray platform 1 is plate-shaped, and has a proximal surface 11 facing the tibia and a distal surface 12 arranged opposite to the proximal surface.
- the middle part of the tibial tray platform 1 is provided with an avoidance groove 13 for the cruciate ligament to pass through.
- the outer edge of the distal surface of the tibial tray platform 1 is a snap-on protective wall 14 protruding away from the proximal surface 11, and the snap-on protective wall 14 is used to fix the tibial pad prosthesis (not shown in the figure).
- a protruding anti-rotation block 15 in the middle part of the distal surface of the tibial tray platform 1, and the anti-rotation block 15 cooperates with the corresponding recess on the tibial pad prosthesis, which can effectively prevent the tibial pad prosthesis from rotating relative to the tibial tray prosthesis.
- a porous 3D printed metal structure 10 is also provided on the proximal surface of the tibial support platform 1.
- the porous 3D printed metal structure 10 can be manufactured by a 3D printing additive manufacturing method, and has a thickness of not less than 1 mm, a pore intercept of 200 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and a porosity of 50% to 80%.
- the elastic modulus of the porous 3D printed metal structure 10 is similar to that of human bones, which can reduce the gravitational shielding effect, is more conducive to long bones, and improves the problems of reduced bone strength and delayed healing caused by existing prostheses.
- tibial support column 2 is fixedly connected on the proximal surface 11 of tibial support platform 1, for inserting in the proximal medullary cavity of human tibia.
- Tibial support column 2 has a column 21 extending toward the tibia direction, column 21 is a cone column that gradually decreases from the connection to the free end direction, and this cone structure increases the friction between the bone, and compared with the common columnar structure, the surrounding cancellous bone is easy to accept the pressure of the structure, and the attachment growth increases the later stability.
- a hemispherical body is formed on the free end of the column 21, so as to facilitate the positioning of the tibial support column 2 and to be inserted into the proximal medullary cavity, and the amount of osteotomy can also be reduced simultaneously.
- a plurality of wing plates 22 are provided on the peripheral side of the column 21.
- wing plates 22 are arranged on the outer circumference of the column 21, and the four wing plates are distributed in a cross shape on the circumference of the column 21.
- the wing plates 22 provide a good anti-rotation effect, which is beneficial to initial and later stability.
- the side wall of each wing plate 22 on the thickness side includes a first side wall 221 that fits and fixes with the proximal surface of the tibial support platform 1, a second side wall 222 that fits and fixes with the peripheral wall of the column 21, and a third side wall 223 that connects the first side wall 221 and the second side wall 222.
- the vertical distance of the third side wall 223 from the column 21 gradually decreases from the connection with the column to the free end, that is, the wing plate 22 is a roughly triangular plate body, so as to facilitate the insertion of the tibial support column 2 into the proximal medullary cavity, and at the same time, the wing plate on the tibial support column 2 provides an anti-rotation effect to prevent the tibial prosthesis from twisting in the tibia when in use.
- the tibial support column 2 can be made by 3D printing, which can achieve a structure that is conducive to long bones and fixation that cannot be achieved by ordinary machining.
- a porous 3D printed metal structure 10 is also provided on the side of the tibial support column 2 close to the tibial support platform 1.
- the porous 3D printed metal structure 10 on the tibial support column 2 can be partially or fully provided on the tibial support column 2 close to the side of the tibial support platform 1. This part of the porous 3D printed metal structure 10 further provides an area for bone tissue to grow into the column, provides stronger later stability, and further reduces the risk of loosening.
- the fixing assembly further includes a plurality of bosses 3 located on the proximal surface of the tibial tray platform 1.
- the plurality of bosses 3 are distributed on the side of the tibial tray column 2 so as to be able to grip the tibial tuberosity to provide auxiliary positioning and fixation and anti-rotation functions to prevent the tibial prosthesis from twisting in the tibia during use.
- the peripheral wall of the boss 3 is an arc shape that gradually decreases from the connection point to the free end to form a pointed structure, so as to be square. The boss 3 is inserted.
- a plurality of inwardly concave recesses 31 are provided on the side of the boss 3, and the plurality of recesses 31 are roughly evenly distributed on the circumference of the boss 3 to improve the anti-rotation ability of each boss 3.
- the boss 3 can be made by 3D printing, which can realize a structure that is conducive to bone growth and fixation that cannot be achieved by ordinary machining.
- the tibial tray platform 1 in this embodiment is provided with four bosses 3, which are distributed on the tibial tray platform 1 in a roughly isosceles trapezoidal shape, and the two bosses 3 on the short side of the isosceles trapezoid are located on the side away from the avoidance groove 13.
- the bosses 3 distributed in this way can increase the stability of the tibial tray platform 1 fixed to the tibia.
- a porous 3D printed metal structure 10 is also provided on the side of the boss 3 close to the tibial tray platform 1.
- the porous 3D printed metal structure 10 on the boss 3 can be partially or fully provided on the boss 3 close to the side of the tibial tray platform 1. This part of the porous 3D printed metal structure 10 further provides an area for bone tissue to grow into the column, provides stronger later stability, and further reduces the risk of loosening.
- the porous 3D printed metal structure on the fixing component can be obtained by 3D printing, wherein the tibial tray platform and the fixing component can be manufactured by integrated 3D printing. Except for the porous 3D printed metal structure on the proximal surface of the tibial tray platform, the rest of the tibial tray platform is solid printed to ensure the strength of the tibial tray platform.
- the tibial tray column and boss serving as the fixing component can be columns or bosses that are all porous 3D printed metal structures, or can be solid structures that are solid printed except for the corresponding areas that are porous 3D printed metal structures.
- the tibial tray platform can be first manufactured by machining, and then a porous 3D printed metal structure is used on the proximal surface of the tibial tray platform, and then the tibial tray column and boss are 3D manufactured as fixed components.
- the tibial tray column and boss can also be columns or bosses that are all porous 3D printed metal structures, or they can be solid structures with the corresponding areas being porous 3D printed metal structures and the rest being solid printed.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
一种胫骨托假体,包括胫骨托平台(1)和胫骨托立柱(2),胫骨托平台(1)具有朝向胫骨方向的近端面(11)以及与近端面(11)相对设置的远端面(12),胫骨托立柱(2)固定连接于胫骨托平台(1)的近端面(11);胫骨托平台(1)的近端面(11)还设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构(10),且多孔型3D打印金属结构(10)的孔隙截距为200μm~500μm,孔隙率为50%~80%,以减小胫骨托假体的应力遮挡效应,进而改善现有假体对骨骼造成强度降低、愈合延迟等问题。
Description
本专利申请要求下述中国专利申请的优先权:
提交日:2022年10月25日;申请号:202211309092.2;发明名称:一种胫骨托假体;
上述申请的全文以引用的方式并入本文中。
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域,具体地涉及一种胫骨托假体。
人工膝关节置换术是一种利用人工生物材料置换人体病变关节,恢复膝关节正常生理功能的整形外科手术。目前市场上常见胫骨托假体多为钛合金锻件机加工而成,其重量大,结构简单,且多用骨水泥固定,在患者使用中,磨损颗粒会进入关节腔内,容易引起后期无菌性松动的问题,而且为促进术后的恢复,膝关节架体上会设置生物涂层来促进骨生长。现有的生物涂层通常为羟基磷灰石涂层,但羟基磷灰石涂层与膝关节假体之间存在应力遮挡效应,这会对骨骼造成强度降低、愈合延迟等影响。
另外,现有胫骨托假体在人体内的固定主要是通过胫骨托与胫骨衬垫之间的固定,但胫骨托假体在使用时会在胫骨内扭动,如此会导致胫骨托假体和胫骨之间的结构承载能力较弱,长时间使用后会加剧胫骨的磨损,不仅影响胫骨托的使用寿命,而且还可能导致并发症的发生。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种胫骨托假体,以改善现有生物涂层会对骨骼造成强度降低、愈合延迟等影响的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种胫骨托假体,包括胫骨托平台和固定组件,所述胫骨托平台具有朝向胫骨方向的近端面以及与近端面相对设置的远端面,所述固定组件固定连接于胫骨托平台的近端面;所述胫骨托平台的近端面还设置有多孔型3D打印金属
结构,且所述多孔型3D打印金属结构的孔隙截距为200μm~500μm,孔隙率为50%~80%。
在一实施例中,所述固定组件靠近所述胫骨托平台的一侧也设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构。
在一实施例中,所述多孔型3D打印金属结构的厚度不小于1mm。
在一实施例中,所述固定组件是设置于所述胫骨托平台近端面的胫骨托立柱,所述胫骨托立柱具有背离远端面方向延伸设置的柱体,所述柱体的外周侧上设置有多个翼板。
在一实施例中,所述翼板在厚度侧的侧壁包括有与胫骨托平台的近端面相贴合固定的第一侧壁、与柱体的外周壁相贴合固定连接的第二侧壁以及连接第一侧壁和第二侧壁的第三侧壁,所述第三侧壁距离所述柱体的垂直距离从与柱体的连接处往自由端方向逐渐减小。
在一实施例中,所述柱体是从连接处往自由端方向逐渐减小的柱状结构。
在一实施例中,所述固定组件还包括设置于所述胫骨托平台的近端面的多个凸台,多个所述凸台分布在胫骨托立柱的旁侧。
在一实施例中,所述凸台靠近所述胫骨托平台的一侧也设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构。
在一实施例中,所述凸台的侧面设置有多个内凹的凹陷部,多个所述凹陷部分布在凸台的周向。
在一实施例中,所述凸台的自由端为尖状的***部。
在一实施例中,所述胫骨托平台与所述固定组件一体化3D打印制得,或者所述固定组件通过3D打印形成在胫骨托平台。
本发明采用上述技术方案,具有的有益效果是,本发明提供的胫骨托假体上近端面设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构,且所述多孔型3D打印金属结构的孔隙截距为200μm~500μm,孔隙率为50%~80%,多孔型3D打印金属结构的弹性模量与人体骨相近,可以减少引力遮挡效应,更有利于长骨,同时也可减小胫骨托假体的应力遮挡效应,改善现有假体对骨骼造成强度降低、
愈合延迟等问题。
图1示出了胫骨托假体在一视图方向上的立体图。
图2示出了胫骨托假体的主视图。
图3示出了胫骨托假体在另一视图方向上的立体图。
图4示出了胫骨托假体的仰视图。
图5示出了胫骨托立柱的示意图。
图6示出了凸台的示意图。
以下将结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细说明,以便更清楚理解本发明的目的、特点和优点。应理解的是,附图所示的实施例并不是对本发明范围的限制,而只是为了说明本发明技术方案的实质精神。
在下文的描述中,出于说明各种公开的实施例的目的阐述了某些具体细节以提供对各种公开实施例的透彻理解。但是,相关领域技术人员将认识到可在无这些具体细节中的一个或多个细节的情况来实践实施例。在其它情形下,与本申请相关联的熟知的装置、结构和技术可能并未详细地示出或描述从而避免不必要地混淆实施例的描述。
除非语境有其它需要,在整个说明书和权利要求中,词语“包括”和其变型,诸如“包含”和“具有”应被理解为开放的、包含的含义,即应解释为“包括,但不限于”。
在整个说明书中对“一个实施例”或“一实施例”的提及表示结合实施例所描述的特定特点、结构或特征包括于至少一个实施例中。因此,在整个说明书的各个位置“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例”中的出现无需全都指相同实施例。另外,特定特点、结构或特征可在一个或多个实施例中以任何方式组合。
如该说明书和所附权利要求中所用的单数形式“一”和“所述”包括复数指代物,除非文中清楚地另外规定。应当指出的是术语“或”通常以其包括“和
/或”的含义使用,除非文中清楚地另外规定。
在以下描述中,为了清楚展示本发明的结构及工作方式,将借助诸多方向性词语进行描述,但是应当将“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“外”、“内”、“向外”、“向内”、“上”、“下”等词语理解为方便用语,而不应当理解为限定性词语。
此外,术语“水平”、“竖直”、“悬垂”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂,而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平,并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平,而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本申请的描述中,还需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
如图1和图2所示,本实施例提供了一种胫骨托假体,包括胫骨托平台1和固定组件,本实施例中的固定组件包括胫骨托立柱2。其中,胫骨托平台1呈板状,其具有朝向胫骨方向的近端面11以及与近端面相对设置的远端面12。胫骨托平台1的中部设有供交叉韧带穿过的避让槽13。胫骨托平台1远端面的外缘为往远离近端面11方向凸出的卡接护壁14,卡接护壁14用于于固定胫骨垫假体(图中未示出)。优选地,在胫骨托平台1远端面的中部具有凸出的抗旋块15,抗旋块15与相应的胫骨垫假体上的凹部配合,可以有效防止胫骨垫假体相对于胫骨托假体旋转。
参见图3和图4,胫骨托平台1的近端面上还设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构10,该多孔型3D打印金属结构10可通过3D打印增材制造的方法制得,其厚度不小于1mm,孔隙截距为200μm~500μm,孔隙率为50%~80%,多孔型3D打印金属结构10的弹性模量与人体骨相近,可以减少引力遮挡效应,更有利于长骨,改善现有假体对骨骼造成强度降低、愈合延迟等问题。
参见图1-图3,胫骨托立柱2固定连接于胫骨托平台1的近端面11上,用于***人体胫骨近端髓腔内。胫骨托立柱2具有朝向胫骨方向延伸设置的柱体21,柱体21是从连接处往自由端方向逐渐减小的锥状立柱,该锥状结构增大了与骨之间的摩擦,与普通柱状结构相比,周围松质骨易于接受结构的压力后,附着生长,增加了后期稳定性。并且在柱体21的自由端上形成半球体,以方便胫骨托立柱2的定位及***至近端髓腔中,同时还可以减小截骨量。柱体21的外周侧上设置有多个翼板22。
在本实施例中,参见图4,柱体21的外周侧上设置有四块翼板22,且四块翼板呈十字型的分布在柱体21周向上。翼板22提供了较好的抗旋作用,利于初期和后期稳定。
参考图5,每一翼板22在厚度侧的侧壁包括有与胫骨托平台1的近端面相贴合固定的第一侧壁221、与柱体21的外周壁相贴合固定连接的第二侧壁222以及连接第一侧壁221和第二侧壁222的第三侧壁223。其中第三侧壁223距离柱体21的垂直距离从与柱体的连接处往自由端方向逐渐减小,即翼板22为大致三角形的板体,以方便胫骨托立柱2***至近端髓腔中,同时让胫骨托立柱2上的翼板提供了抗旋的作用,以防止胫骨假体在使用时在胫骨内扭动。胫骨托立柱2可通过3D打印来制得,可实现普通机加工无法实现的利于长骨和固定的结构。
参见图3,胫骨托立柱2靠近胫骨托平台1的一侧也设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构10,胫骨托立柱2上的多孔型3D打印金属结构10可以局部或全部范围设置在靠近胫骨托平台1一侧的胫骨托立柱2上面,该部分多孔型3D打印金属结构10进一步提供了骨组织长入立柱区域,提供更强的后期稳定性,进一步降低了松动风险。
本实施例中,固定组件还包括位于胫骨托平台1的近端面的多个凸台3,多个凸台3分布在胫骨托立柱2的旁侧上,以能够抓持在胫骨粗隆上,以提供辅助定位固定以及抗旋的作用,以防止胫骨假体在使用时在胫骨内扭动。凸台3的周壁为从连接处往自由端方向逐渐减小的弧形,以形成尖状的结构,以方
便凸台3***。优选地,凸台3的侧面上设置有多个内凹的凹陷部31,多个凹陷部31大致均布在凸台3的周向上,以提高各凸台3自身的抗旋能力。凸台3可通过3D打印来制得,可实现普通机加工无法实现的利于长骨和固定的结构。
参见图3,本实施例中的胫骨托平台1上设有四个凸台3,四个凸台3呈大致等腰梯形的分布在胫骨托平台1上,且位于等腰梯形短边上的两个凸台3远离避让槽13的一侧上。如此分布的凸台3可以增加胫骨托平台1固定至胫骨上的稳定性。
参见图3,凸台3靠近胫骨托平台1的一侧也设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构10,凸台3上的多孔型3D打印金属结构10可以局部或全部范围设置在靠近胫骨托平台1一侧的凸台3上面,该部分多孔型3D打印金属结构10进一步提供了骨组织长入立柱区域,提供更强的后期稳定性,进一步降低了松动风险。
固定组件上的多孔型3D打印金属结构可以通过3D打印的方式得到,其中,胫骨托平台和固定组件可以一体化3D打印制得,在胫骨托平台除近端面的多孔型3D打印金属结构外,其余部分采用实心打印,以保证胫骨托平台的强度,作为固定组件的胫骨托立柱、凸台则可以是全部都是多孔型3D打印金属结构的柱体或者凸台,也可以是除对应区域是多孔型3D打印金属结构的多孔结构,其余部分采用实心打印的实心结构。
又或者胫骨托平台可先通过机加工制得,然后在胫骨托平台近端面采用3D打印多孔型3D打印金属结构,然后再采用3D制得作为固定组件的胫骨托立柱、凸台,胫骨托立柱、凸台同样可以是全部都是多孔型3D打印金属结构的柱体或者凸台,也可以是除对应区域是多孔型3D打印金属结构的多孔结构,其余部分采用实心打印的实心结构。
以上已详细描述了本发明的优选实施例,但应理解到,在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改。这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (11)
- 一种胫骨托假体,其特征在于,包括胫骨托平台和固定组件,所述胫骨托平台具有朝向胫骨方向的近端面以及与近端面相对设置的远端面,所述固定组件固定连接于胫骨托平台的近端面;所述胫骨托平台的近端面还设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构,且所述多孔型3D打印金属结构的孔隙截距为200μm~500μm,孔隙率为50%~80%。
- 如权利要求1所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述固定组件靠近所述胫骨托平台的一侧也设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述多孔型3D打印金属结构的厚度不小于1mm。
- 如权利要求1所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述固定组件是设置于所述胫骨托平台近端面的胫骨托立柱,所述胫骨托立柱具有背离远端面方向延伸设置的柱体,所述柱体的外周侧上设置有多个翼板。
- 如权利要求4所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述翼板在厚度侧的侧壁包括有与胫骨托平台的近端面相贴合固定的第一侧壁、与柱体的外周壁相贴合固定连接的第二侧壁以及连接第一侧壁和第二侧壁的第三侧壁,所述第三侧壁距离所述柱体的垂直距离从与柱体的连接处往自由端方向逐渐减小。
- 如权利要求4所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述柱体是从连接处往自由端方向逐渐减小的柱状结构。
- 如权利要求4所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述固定组件还包括设置于所述胫骨托平台的近端面的多个凸台,多个所述凸台分布在所述胫骨托立柱的旁侧。
- 如权利要求7所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述凸台靠近所述胫骨托平台的一侧也设置有多孔型3D打印金属结构。
- 如权利要求7所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述凸台的侧面设置有多个内凹的凹陷部,多个所述凹陷部分布在凸台的周向。
- 如权利要求7所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述凸台的自由端为尖状 的***部。
- 如权利要求7所述的胫骨托假体,其特征在于,所述胫骨托平台与所述固定组件一体化3D打印制得,或者所述固定组件通过3D打印形成在胫骨托平台。
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