WO2024078259A1

WO2024078259A1 - Spreading factor adjustment method, apparatus, and symbiotic system

Info

Publication number: WO2024078259A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/119118
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈晓冬; 金宁; 黄韬; 魏垚; 梁健生
Original assignee: 中国电信股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-10-11
Filing date: 2023-09-15
Publication date: 2024-04-18
Also published as: CN117914349A

Abstract

The present application provides a spreading factor adjustment method, apparatus, and symbiotic system, and relates to the field of wireless communication. In a mobile cellular network and backscattering symbiotic system, according to service volume statistical information of an area under the jurisdiction of a mobile cellular network base station, determining a guarantee level of the area; according to the guarantee level of the area, adjusting the period at which a backscatter terminal in the area sends a symbol, so as to adjust the spreading factor, achieving different symbiotic gain for different guarantee level areas of the mobile cellular network.

Description

调整扩频因子的方法、装置和共生***Method, device and symbiotic system for adjusting spreading factor

相关申请的交叉引用CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

本申请是以CN申请号为202211239927.1，申请日为2022年10月11日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。This application is based on the application with CN application number 202211239927.1 and application date October 11, 2022, and claims its priority. The disclosed content of the CN application is hereby introduced as a whole into this application.

技术领域Technical Field

本公开涉及无线通信领域，特别涉及一种调整扩频因子的方法、装置和共生***。The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to a method, device and symbiotic system for adjusting a spreading factor.

背景技术Background technique

环境反向散射通信(Ambient Backscatter Communication，AmBC)技术利用环境中的信号传输信息，不占用额外的频谱，可以节约频谱资源，同时反射设备的成本低，功耗小，适合应用于物联网。Ambient Backscatter Communication (AmBC) technology uses signals in the environment to transmit information without occupying additional spectrum, thus saving spectrum resources. At the same time, the reflective equipment has low cost and low power consumption, making it suitable for application in the Internet of Things.

以移动网空口信号为激励信号的环境反向散射通信***，也称移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***(简称“共生***”)。如图1所示，在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中：移动通信***作为主***，包括移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)和移动蜂窝网终端(PRx)，是一个包含主动发送信号功能的通信***；反向散射***作为次***，包括反向散射终端(STx)和反向散射接收机(SRx)，次***利用主***的射频信号进行信息传输，同时可作为主***的多径分量，提升主***性能，实现互惠共生。The environmental backscatter communication system using the mobile network air interface signal as the excitation signal is also called the symbiotic system of mobile cellular network and backscatter (referred to as "symbiotic system"). As shown in Figure 1, in the symbiotic system of mobile cellular network and backscatter: the mobile communication system as the main system includes a mobile cellular network base station (PTx) and a mobile cellular network terminal (PRx), which is a communication system that includes the function of actively sending signals; the backscatter system as the secondary system includes a backscatter terminal (STx) and a backscatter receiver (SRx). The secondary system uses the radio frequency signal of the main system to transmit information, and can also serve as a multipath component of the main system to improve the performance of the main system and achieve mutual symbiosis.

再如图1所示，移动蜂窝网终端PRx接收到的基带信号如下：
As shown in Figure 1, the baseband signal received by the mobile cellular network terminal PRx is as follows:

其中，s_l(n)表示移动蜂窝网基站PTx发射的基带符号，c(n)表示反向散射终端STx发射的基带符号，u_l(n)表示信道加性噪声，y_l(n)表示移动蜂窝网终端PRx接收到的基带信号，由三部分组成。h₀表示PTx到PRx的直接链路信道，h₁表示PTx到STx的前向链路信道，h′₂表示STx到PRx的反向链路信道，p表示PTx的发射功率。此外，图1中的h₂表示STx到SRx的链路信道，h′₀表示PTx到SRx的链路信道。Among them, s _l (n) represents the baseband symbol transmitted by the mobile cellular network base station PTx, c (n) represents the baseband symbol transmitted by the backscatter terminal STx, u _l (n) represents the channel additive noise, and y _l (n) represents the baseband signal received by the mobile cellular network terminal PRx, which consists of three parts. h ₀ represents the direct link channel from PTx to PRx, h ₁ represents the forward link channel from PTx to STx, h′ ₂ represents the reverse link channel from STx to PRx, and p represents the transmission power of PTx. In addition, h ₂ in Figure 1 represents the link channel from STx to SRx, and h′ ₀ represents the link channel from PTx to SRx.

移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***的扩频因子L如图2所示，其中，s_l(n)的符号周期为T_s；c(n)的符号周期为T_c，并假设T_c＝L·T_s。由于PRx接收信号y_l(n)中s_l(n)与c(n)是相乘关系，l＝0，1，…，L-1，序列{s₀(n),s₁(n),…s_L-1(n)}可以看成是符号c(n)的扩频序列，因此L也被称为扩频因子。The spreading factor L of the coexistence system of mobile cellular network and backscatter is shown in Figure 2, where the symbol period of s _l (n) is T _s ; the symbol period of c(n) is T _c , and it is assumed that T _c = L·T _s . Since s _l (n) and c(n) in the PRx received signal y _l (n) are in a multiplication relationship, l = 0, 1, ..., L-1, the sequence {s ₀ (n), s ₁ (n), ... s _L-1 (n)} can be regarded as the spreading sequence of symbol c(n), so L is also called is the spreading factor.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本公开一些实施例提出一种调整扩频因子的方法，包括：Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for adjusting a spreading factor, including:

在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中，根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障等级；In a symbiotic system of a mobile cellular network and backscatter, a security level of the area is determined based on traffic statistics of the area governed by a base station of the mobile cellular network;

根据所述区域的保障等级，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期，以调整移动蜂窝网基站发射符号序列相对反向散射终端发射符号的扩频因子。According to the security level of the area, the period of the backscatter terminal transmitting symbols in the area is adjusted to adjust the spreading factor of the symbol sequence transmitted by the mobile cellular network base station relative to the symbol transmitted by the backscatter terminal.

在一些实施例中，确定所述区域的保障等级包括：In some embodiments, determining the security level of the area includes:

根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的历史统计周期的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型；Determine a security factor prediction model for an area governed by a mobile cellular network base station based on business volume statistics information of a historical statistical period in the area governed by the mobile cellular network base station;

利用所述区域的保障系数预测模型，预测所述区域在新的统计周期的保障系数；Using the guarantee factor prediction model of the area, predicting the guarantee factor of the area in a new statistical period;

将所述区域在新的统计周期的保障系数与预设的各个保障门限进行比较，以确定所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级。The protection coefficient of the area in the new statistical period is compared with each preset protection threshold to determine the protection level of the area in the new statistical period.

在一些实施例中，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型包括：In some embodiments, determining the security factor prediction model for the area includes:

根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的历史统计周期的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数；Determine the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station according to the business volume statistical information of the historical statistical period of the area;

根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数及其统计特性，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型。According to the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the area and its statistical characteristics, a guarantee factor prediction model for the area is determined.

在一些实施例中，确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数包括：In some embodiments, determining the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the region includes:

分别统计移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的历史统计周期内各个优先级业务的业务量；The business volume of each priority business in the historical statistical period of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station is counted respectively;

根据所述区域的历史统计周期内各个优先级业务的业务量和相应的保障权重，通过加权计算的方法，确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数。The guarantee coefficient of the historical statistical period of the area is determined by a weighted calculation method according to the business volume of each priority business in the historical statistical period of the area and the corresponding guarantee weight.

根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数及其统计特性，采用条件平均运算，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型，According to the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the area and its statistical characteristics, the conditional average operation is used to determine the guarantee factor prediction model of the area.

其中，条件平均运算包括第一参数、第二参数、第三参数，第一参数表示求平均的目标序列，为所述区域的各个历史统计周期的保障系数，第二参数表示求平均的目标序列需要满足的条件，根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数的时间或事件的统计特性确定，所述第三参数表示求平均的目标序列的范围，根据所述统计特性相关的时间范围或事件范围确定。The conditional average operation includes a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter. The first parameter represents the target sequence for averaging, which is the guarantee factor of each historical statistical period of the region. The second parameter represents the condition that the target sequence for averaging needs to meet, which is determined according to the statistical characteristics of the time or event of the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the region. The third parameter represents the range of the target sequence for averaging, which is determined according to the statistical characteristics related to the statistical characteristics. Time frame or event scope determination.

在一些实施例中，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期包括：In some embodiments, adjusting the period of transmitting symbols by the backscatter terminal in the area includes:

根据所述区域的保障等级，并结合各保障等级的总数量以及反向散射的各符号周期的总种类，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。According to the security level of the area, combined with the total number of each security level and the total types of each symbol period of backscattering, the period of transmitting symbols of the backscattering terminals in the area is adjusted.

对所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级，乘以反向散射的各符号周期的总种类、并除以各保障等级的总数量，将计算所得到的数值进行取整运算，将取整运算结果作为索引，确定所述区域在新的统计周期中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。The security level of the area in the new statistical period is multiplied by the total types of each symbol period of backscattering and divided by the total number of each security level. The calculated value is rounded and the rounding result is used as an index to determine the period of symbol transmission by the backscattering terminal in the area in the new statistical period.

在一些实施例中，所述反向散射的各符号周期在所述反向散射的最小符号周期与最大符号周期之间取值，所述反向散射的最小符号周期根据反向散射终端的最大处理能力确定，所述反向散射的最大符号周期根据反向散射终端的最低通信速率要求确定。In some embodiments, each symbol period of the backscattering takes a value between a minimum symbol period and a maximum symbol period of the backscattering, the minimum symbol period of the backscattering is determined according to a maximum processing capability of a backscattering terminal, and the maximum symbol period of the backscattering is determined according to a minimum communication rate requirement of the backscattering terminal.

在一些实施例中，还包括：将所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期调整信息发送给反向散射终端和反向散射接收机。In some embodiments, the method further includes: sending period adjustment information of symbols transmitted by backscatter terminals in the area to backscatter terminals and backscatter receivers.

在一些实施例中，按照如下公式，确定所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级：
In some embodiments, the protection level of the area in the new statistical period is determined according to the following formula:

其中，表示所述区域在新的统计周期(j+1)的保障等级，B_Th,l表示第l个保障门限，l＝1,2,…,R-1，R表示各保障等级的总数量，B_MAX>B_Th,l+1>B_Th,l>0，B_MAX为保障系数的最大值。in, represents the protection level of the area in the new statistical period (j+1), B _Th,l represents the lth protection threshold, l=1, 2, …, R-1, R represents the total number of each protection level, B _MAX >B _Th,l+1 >B _Th,l >0, and B _MAX is the maximum value of the protection coefficient.

本公开一些实施例提出一种调整扩频因子的装置，包括：存储器；以及耦接至所述存储器的处理器，所述处理器被配置为基于存储在所述存储器中的指令，执行所述的调整扩频因子的方法。Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a device for adjusting a spreading factor, comprising: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute the method for adjusting the spreading factor based on instructions stored in the memory.

本公开一些实施例提出一种调整扩频因子的装置，包括：Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a device for adjusting a spreading factor, including:

确定单元，被配置为在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中，根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障等级；A determination unit configured to determine, in a symbiotic system of a mobile cellular network and backscattering, a security level of the area according to traffic statistics information of an area governed by a base station of the mobile cellular network;

调整单元，被配置为根据所述区域的保障等级，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期，以调整移动蜂窝网基站发射符号序列相对反向散射终端发射符号的扩频因子。The adjustment unit is configured to adjust the period of the backscatter terminal transmitting symbols in the area according to the security level of the area, so as to adjust the spreading factor of the symbol sequence transmitted by the mobile cellular network base station relative to the symbol transmitted by the backscatter terminal.

在一些实施例中，所述确定单元，被配置为根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的历史统计周期的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型；利用所述区域的保障系数预测模型，预测所述区域在新的统计周期的保障系数；将所述区域在新的统计周期的保障系数与预设的各个保障门限进行比较，以确定所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级。In some embodiments, the determining unit is configured to determine the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station based on historical statistics. The business volume statistical information of the statistical period is used to determine the protection factor prediction model of the area; the protection factor of the area in the new statistical period is predicted by using the protection factor prediction model of the area; the protection factor of the area in the new statistical period is compared with each preset protection threshold to determine the protection level of the area in the new statistical period.

在一些实施例中，所述调整单元，被配置为根据所述区域的保障等级，并结合各保障等级的总数量以及反向散射的各符号周期的总种类，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。In some embodiments, the adjustment unit is configured to adjust the period of transmitting symbols of the backscatter terminals in the area according to the security level of the area and in combination with the total number of each security level and the total types of each backscatter symbol period.

本公开一些实施例提出一种共生***，包括：移动通信***和反向散射***，所述反向散射***被配置为利用所述移动通信***的射频信号进行信息传输，或/和，作为所述移动通信***的多径分量，所述移动通信***包括移动蜂窝网基站和移动蜂窝网终端，所述反向散射***包括反向散射终端和反向散射接收机，所述移动蜂窝网基站被配置为执行所述的调整扩频因子的方法。Some embodiments of the present disclosure propose a symbiotic system, comprising: a mobile communication system and a backscattering system, wherein the backscattering system is configured to utilize the radio frequency signal of the mobile communication system to transmit information, or/and as a multipath component of the mobile communication system, the mobile communication system comprises a mobile cellular network base station and a mobile cellular network terminal, the backscattering system comprises a backscattering terminal and a backscattering receiver, and the mobile cellular network base station is configured to execute the method of adjusting the spreading factor.

本公开一些实施例提出一种非瞬时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现所述的调整扩频因子的方法的步骤。Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of the method for adjusting the spreading factor when the program is executed by a processor.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。根据下面参照附图的详细描述，可以更加清楚地理解本公开。The following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. The present disclosure can be more clearly understood according to the following detailed description with reference to the drawings.

显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and a person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

图1示出移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***的示意图。FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a symbiotic system of a mobile cellular network and backscattering.

图2示出移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***的扩频因子的示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the spreading factor of a symbiotic system of a mobile cellular network and backscattering.

图3示出移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***的另一示意图。FIG. 3 shows another schematic diagram of a symbiotic system of a mobile cellular network and backscattering.

图4示出本公开一些实施例的调整扩频因子的方法的流程示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for adjusting a spreading factor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

图5示出本公开一些实施例的调整扩频因子的装置的结构示意图。FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for adjusting a spreading factor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

图6示出本公开一些实施例的调整扩频因子的装置的结构示意图。FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for adjusting a spreading factor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

除非特别说明，否则，本公开中的“第一”“第二”“第三”等描述用来区分不同的对象，并不用来表示大小或时序等含义。Unless otherwise specified, descriptions such as "first", "second", and "third" in the present disclosure are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to indicate meanings such as size or time sequence.

研究发现：扩频因子L的取值将直接影响主/次***的共生关系，当L取值较大，对于主***而言，反射链路可以看作一个慢变的多径信道，可为主***的信号传输带来多径效应。L取值越大，反射链路中对主***信号的波形特征改变越小，主***获得的多径增益越明显。但扩频因子L越大意味着反向散射***的码率越低，单位时间携带数据量越小。主***的多径增益与次***的码率是一个此消彼长的关系。The study found that the value of the spreading factor L will directly affect the symbiotic relationship between the primary and secondary systems. When the value of L is large, for the primary system, the reflection link can be regarded as a slowly changing multipath channel, which can bring multipath effects to the signal transmission of the primary system. The larger the value of L, the smaller the change in the waveform characteristics of the primary system signal in the reflection link, and the more obvious the multipath gain obtained by the primary system. However, the larger the spreading factor L, the lower the code rate of the backscattering system and the smaller the amount of data carried per unit time. The multipath gain of the primary system and the code rate of the secondary system are in a relationship of one increasing while the other decreases.

如果按照现行共生***的扩频因子L固定不变的设置方法，无法实现共生***性能的优化配置。If the current symbiotic system's spreading factor L is set to a fixed value, it will be impossible to achieve optimal configuration of the symbiotic system's performance.

本公开实施例，在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中，根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障等级，根据所述区域的保障等级，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期，以调整扩频因子，实现移动蜂窝网不同保障等级区域的不同共生增益。In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in a symbiotic system of a mobile cellular network and backscattering, the security level of an area under the jurisdiction of a base station of the mobile cellular network is determined based on traffic statistics of the area, and based on the security level of the area, the period of symbol transmission by the backscattering terminal in the area is adjusted to adjust the spreading factor, thereby achieving different symbiotic gains for areas with different security levels of the mobile cellular network.

如图3所示，移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***包括：移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)、移动蜂窝网终端(PRx)、反向散射终端(STx)和反向散射接收机(SRx)四种类型的设备。在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中：移动通信***作为主***，包括移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)和移动蜂窝网终端(PRx)；反向散射***作为次***，包括反向散射终端(STx)和反向散射接收机(SRx)。反向散射***利用移动通信***的射频信号进行信息传输，或/和，作为移动通信***的多径分量。As shown in Figure 3, the symbiotic system of mobile cellular network and backscattering includes four types of equipment: mobile cellular network base station (PTx), mobile cellular network terminal (PRx), backscatter terminal (STx) and backscatter receiver (SRx). In the symbiotic system of mobile cellular network and backscattering: the mobile communication system is the main system, including the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) and the mobile cellular network terminal (PRx); the backscattering system is the secondary system, including the backscattering terminal (STx) and the backscattering receiver (SRx). The backscattering system uses the radio frequency signal of the mobile communication system to transmit information, or/and, as the multipath component of the mobile communication system.

移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)：发射下行信号，接收上行信号，实现与移动蜂窝网终端的通信。在本公开中，移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)还可以动态调整扩频因子，具体参加图4实施例。Mobile cellular network base station (PTx): transmits downlink signals, receives uplink signals, and implements communication with mobile cellular network terminals. In the present disclosure, the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) can also dynamically adjust the spreading factor, see the embodiment of Figure 4 for details.

移动蜂窝网终端(PRx)：发送上行信号，接收下行信号，实现与移动蜂窝网基站的通信。此外，还可以接收反向散射终端反射的移动蜂窝网信号，作为主***的多径分量。Mobile cellular network terminal (PRx): sends uplink signals, receives downlink signals, and communicates with the mobile cellular network base station. In addition, it can also receive the mobile cellular network signal reflected by the backscatter terminal as the multipath component of the main system.

反向散射终端(STx)：前向接收移动蜂窝网信号作为激励信号，将物联网数据调制在激励信号上并反向发射。此外，还可以直接反射移动蜂窝网信号，作为主***的多径分量。Backscatter terminal (STx): forward receives the mobile cellular network signal as the excitation signal, modulates the IoT data on the excitation signal and transmits it in the reverse direction. In addition, it can also directly reflect the mobile cellular network signal as the multipath component of the main system.

反向散射接收机(SRx)：解调反向散射终端发射的信号。Backscatter receiver (SRx): demodulates the signal transmitted by the backscatter terminal.

图4示出本公开一些实施例的调整扩频因子的方法的流程示意图。 FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for adjusting a spreading factor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

如图4所示，该实施例的调整扩频因子的方法包括如下步骤。As shown in FIG. 4 , the method for adjusting the spreading factor in this embodiment includes the following steps.

在步骤410，根据移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)下各业务特性，将移动蜂窝网业务划分为N个等级，记为P_i＝{1，2，…，N}，其中i表示业务类型值，P_i表示第i类业务的优先级，数值越小表示优先级越高。In step 410, according to the characteristics of each service under the mobile cellular network base station (PTx), the mobile cellular network services are divided into N levels, denoted as _Pi = {1, 2, ..., N}, where i represents the service type value, _Pi represents the priority of the i-th type of service, and the smaller the value, the higher the priority.

在步骤420，以T_Sta为统计周期(T_Sta＞＞T_c，＞＞表示远大于)，统计该移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)所辖区域下各类业务(即各个优先级业务)的业务量P_i为第i类业务的优先级，业务量可以是该类业务的吞吐量、连接数或时频资源占用数等指标值或指标值组合。一般通过移动蜂窝网网管进行采集和统计。In step 420, the traffic volume of various services (i.e., services of various priorities) in the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) is counted, with T _Sta as the statistical period (T _Sta >>T _c , >> indicates much greater than). P _i is the priority of the i-th type of service, and the service volume can be an indicator value or a combination of indicator values such as the throughput, number of connections or number of time-frequency resources occupied by this type of service. Generally, data is collected and counted through mobile cellular network management.

在步骤430，根据各类业务的保障权重和业务量，计算该移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)所辖区域在统计周期内的保障系数B(j)，保障系数越大对应移动蜂窝网的保障等级越高。In step 430, the security coefficient B(j) of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) within the statistical period is calculated based on the security weights and business volumes of various types of services. The larger the security coefficient, the higher the security level of the corresponding mobile cellular network.

根据移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)所辖区域的历史统计周期内各个优先级业务的业务量和相应的保障权重，通过加权计算的方法，确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数。
According to the traffic volume of each priority service in the historical statistical period of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) and the corresponding security weight, the security coefficient of the historical statistical period of the area is determined by a weighted calculation method.

其中，B(j)为移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)所辖区域在第j个统计周期的保障系数；为第j个统计周期内优先级为P_i业务的业务量；α_i为的加权系数，表征优先级为P_i业务的保障权重，α_i一般根据业务重要性进行预先设置，α_i≥α_i+1。Among them, B(j) is the guarantee coefficient of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) in the jth statistical period; is the traffic volume of the service with priority _Pi in the jth statistical period; _αi is The weighting coefficient represents the protection weight of the service with priority P _i. α _i is generally preset according to the importance of the service, and α _i ≥α _i+1 .

在步骤440，移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)依据历史统计周期的保障系数计算值B(j)，利用不同业务量的统计特性，建立移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)所辖区域的保障系数预测模型Γ[B(j)]。在每一个新的统计周期后，可以实时进行预测模型的迭代计算与校正。In step 440, the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) calculates the value B(j) based on the security factor of the historical statistical period and uses different traffic volumes. Based on the statistical characteristics of the data, a prediction model Γ[B(j)] for the security factor of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) is established. After each new statistical cycle, the prediction model can be iteratively calculated and corrected in real time.

移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)依据历史统计周期的保障系数B(j)，基于成熟的大数据分析与预测算法，如聚类算法等，利用不同业务量在时间或事件上的统计特性，将具有相同特性的历史保障系数聚到一起，用于预测具有相同特性的新的保障系数，从而建立移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)所辖区域的保障系数预测模型Γ[B(j)]。The mobile cellular base station (PTx) uses the guarantee coefficient B(j) of the historical statistical period and mature big data analysis and prediction algorithms, such as clustering algorithms, to use different business volumes. Based on the statistical characteristics of time or events, historical guarantee factors with the same characteristics are grouped together to predict new guarantee factors with the same characteristics, thereby establishing a guarantee factor prediction model Γ[B(j)] for the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx).

根据移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)所辖区域的历史统计周期的保障系数及其统计特性，采用条件平均运算，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型。其中，条件平均运算包括第一参数、第二参数、第三参数，第一参数表示求平均的目标序列，为所述区域的各个历史统计周期的保障系数，第二参数表示求平均的目标序列需要满足的条件，根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数的时间或事件的统计特性确定，所述第三参数表示求平均的目标序列的范围，根据所述统计特性相关的时间范围或事件范围确定。According to the historical statistical period security coefficient and its statistical characteristics of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx), the conditional average operation is used to determine the security coefficient prediction model of the area. Among them, the conditional average operation includes a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter. The first parameter represents the target sequence for averaging, which is the security coefficient of each historical statistical period of the area. The second parameter represents the conditions that the target sequence for averaging needs to meet. The third parameter represents the range of the target sequence for averaging, which is determined based on the time range or event range related to the statistical characteristics.

在步骤450，依据反向散射终端(STx)的最低通信速率要求和最大处理能力，预定义反向散射***M种符号周期T_c,k，k＝1,2,…,M，也即，反向散射的各符号周期的总种类为M。其中T_c,MAX≥T_c,k>T_c,k+1≥T_c,MIN，T_c,MAX主要取决于反向散射终端的最低速率要求，T_c,MIN主要取决于反向散射终端(STx)的最大处理能力。T_c越小，则反向散射***符号速率越高，对反向散射终端(STx)处理能力要求也越高。In step 450, based on the minimum communication rate requirement and maximum processing capability of the backscatter terminal (STx), M types of symbol periods T _c,k of the backscatter system are predefined, k=1, 2, ..., M, that is, the total types of each symbol period of the backscatter is M. Wherein T _c,MAX ≥T _c,k >T _c,k+1 ≥T _c,MIN , T _c,MAX mainly depends on the minimum rate requirement of the backscatter terminal, and T _c,MIN mainly depends on the maximum processing capability of the backscatter terminal (STx). The smaller T _{c is} , the higher the symbol rate of the backscatter system is, and the higher the processing capability requirement of the backscatter terminal (STx) is.

在移动蜂窝网符号周期T_s固定的情况下，反向散射***M种符号周期对应M个共生***的扩频因子L_k，k＝1,2,…,M。When the symbol period _Ts of the mobile cellular network is fixed, M symbol periods of the backscatter system correspond to the spreading factors _Lk of M symbiotic systems, where k=1, 2, ..., M.

在步骤460，移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)依据采集的历史保障系数和反向散射***符号周期序列，预定义R个保障等级B_Lev＝{1，2，…，R}，R≤M，其中B_Lev数值越大表示保障等级越高，R个保障等级B_Lev对应R-1个保障门限B_Th,l，l＝1,2,…,R-1，其中B_MAX>B_Th,l+1>B_Th,l>0，B_MAX为保障系数的理论计算最大值。各个保障门限可根据历史保障系数结合业务情况进行设置。In step 460, the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) predefines R security levels B _Lev = {1, 2, ..., R}, R ≤ M, based on the collected historical security coefficients and the backscatter system symbol period sequence, where the larger the B _Lev value is, the higher the security level is. The R security levels B _Lev correspond to R-1 security thresholds B _Th,l , l = 1, 2, ..., R-1, where B _MAX > B _Th,l+1 > B _Th,l > 0, and B _MAX is the theoretical maximum value of the security coefficient. Each security threshold can be set according to the historical security coefficient combined with the service situation.

在步骤470，移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)使用保障系数预测模型Γ[B(j)]，预测移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)当前统计周期(新的统计周期)的保障系数，其中B(j)为第j个统计周期的保障系数计算值，为第j+1个统计周期的保障系数预测值。将保障系数预测值与R-1个保障门限B_Th,l进行比较，确定移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)所辖区域在当前统计周期的保障等级预测值。
In step 470, the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) uses the protection factor prediction model Γ[B(j)] to predict the protection factor of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) in the current statistical period (new statistical period). Where B(j) is the calculated value of the security coefficient of the jth statistical period, is the predicted value of the security factor for the j+1th statistical period. The predicted value of the protection level of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) in the current statistical period is determined by comparing it with R-1 protection thresholds B _Th,l .

其中，表示移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域在新的统计周期(j+1)的保障等级，B_Th,l表示第l个保障门限，l＝1,2,…,R-1，R表示各保障等级的总数量，B_MAX>B_Th,l+1>B_Th,l>0，B_MAX为保障系数的最大值。in, It represents the protection level of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station in the new statistical period (j+1), B _Th,l represents the lth protection threshold, l=1, 2,…, R-1, R represents the total number of each protection level, B _MAX >B _Th,l+1 >B _Th,l >0, and B _MAX is the maximum value of the protection coefficient.

通过步骤410-480，在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中，根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障等级。Through steps 410-480, in the symbiotic system of the mobile cellular network and backscattering, the protection level of the area is determined according to the traffic statistics information of the area governed by the base station of the mobile cellular network.

在步骤480，移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)依据当前统计周期的移动蜂窝网基站(PTx) 保障等级预测值并结合各保障等级的总数量R以及反向散射的各符号周期的总种类M，计算当前统计周期的反向散射***符号周期T_c,k(j+1)所对应的索引k。
In step 480, the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) calculates the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) according to the current statistical period. Prediction of security level In combination with the total number R of each security level and the total types M of each backscattering symbol period, the index k corresponding to the backscattering system symbol period T _c,k (j+1) of the current statistical period is calculated.

其中rounddown(a，b)为向下取整函数，a为待取整值，b为小数点位数。Where rounddown(a, b) is the rounding down function, a is the value to be rounded, and b is the number of decimal places.

在步骤490，移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)在当前统计周期，将反向散射***符号周期T_c,k(j+1)指示信息，通过移动蜂窝网基站(PTx)与反向散射接收机(SRx)间的接口，发送给反向散射接收机(SRx)。同时，将T_c,k(j+1)指示信息调制到激励信号上，通过空口发送给反向散射终端(STx)。In step 490, the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) sends the backscatter system symbol period T _c,k (j+1) indication information to the backscatter receiver (SRx) through the interface between the mobile cellular network base station (PTx) and the backscatter receiver (SRx) in the current statistical period. At the same time, the T _c,k (j+1) indication information is modulated onto the excitation signal and sent to the backscatter terminal (STx) through the air interface.

在步骤4100，反向散射终端(STx)接收激励信号，并解调符号周期T_c,k(j+1)指示信息，然后根据指示信息将自身发射符号周期调整至T_c,k(j+1)，从而实现共生***的扩频因子L的调整。In step 4100, the backscatter terminal (STx) receives the excitation signal and demodulates the symbol period Tc _,k (j+1) indication information, and then adjusts its own transmission symbol period to Tc _,k (j+1) according to the indication information, thereby adjusting the spreading factor L of the symbiotic system.

通过步骤490-4100，根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的保障等级，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期，在移动蜂窝网基站发射符号序列的周期不变的清理下，可以调整移动蜂窝网基站发射符号序列相对反向散射终端发射符号的扩频因子。Through steps 490-4100, according to the security level of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station, the period of the backscatter terminal transmitting symbols in the area is adjusted. Under the condition that the period of the mobile cellular network base station transmitting symbol sequence remains unchanged, the spreading factor of the mobile cellular network base station transmitting symbol sequence relative to the backscatter terminal transmitting symbol can be adjusted.

下面以LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)与反向散射物联网的共生***为例，进一步描述图4实施例的调整扩频因子的方法。The following takes the symbiotic system of LTE (Long Term Evolution) and backscattering Internet of Things as an example to further describe the method of adjusting the spreading factor of the embodiment of Figure 4.

参考步骤410，LTE基站开通GBR和NonGBR两类业务，设置其业务优先级P_GBR＝1，P_NonGBR＝2；Referring to step 410, the LTE base station activates two types of services, GBR and NonGBR, and sets their service priorities P _GBR = 1, P _NonGBR = 2;

参考步骤420，设置统计周期T_Sta＝3600秒，统计LTE基站在J个连续周期内GBR和NonGBR两类业务的吞吐量M₁(j)和M₂(j)，其中j＝{1,2,…,J}；Referring to step 420, set the statistical period T _Sta = 3600 seconds, and count the throughputs M ₁ (j) and M ₂ (j) of the two types of GBR and NonGBR services of the LTE base station in J consecutive periods, where j = {1, 2, ..., J};

参考步骤430，设置α₁＝0.7，α₂＝0.3，计算该LTE基站在J个连续周期内的保障系数B(j)，
Referring to step 430, set α ₁ =0.7, α ₂ =0.3, and calculate the protection factor B(j) of the LTE base station in J consecutive cycles.

其中j＝{1,2,…,J}。 Where j = {1, 2,…, J}.

参考步骤440，依据LTE基站业务量在一天内不同时刻上的统计特性，确定保障系数预测模型为
Referring to step 440, based on the statistical characteristics of the LTE base station traffic at different times in a day, the guarantee coefficient prediction model is determined as

其中AverageIF(a,b,c)为条件平均运算，a(B(i))为求平均的目标序列，b(mod(i,24)＝mod(J+1,24))为求平均目标序列需满足的条件，c(1≤i≤J)为求平均目标序列的范围；mod(d,e)为取模运算，d为取模目标数，e为模数，如mod(i,24)，i为取模目标数，24为模数；i为正整数，表示统计周期的序号。Where AverageIF(a,b,c) is a conditional average operation, a(B(i)) is the target sequence to be averaged, b(mod(i,24)＝mod(J+1,24)) is the condition that the target sequence to be averaged must meet, and c(1≤i≤J) is the range of the target sequence to be averaged; mod(d,e) is a modulo operation, d is the modulo target number, and e is the modulus, such as mod(i,24), i is the modulo target number, and 24 is the modulus; i is a positive integer, indicating the serial number of the statistical period.

参考步骤450，LTE基站的符号周期T_s＝1ms/14＝71.43μs。预定义反向散射***三种符号周期T_c,k＝{3T_s，7T_s，14T_s}，对应三种共生***扩频因子L_k＝{3，7，14}。Referring to step 450, the symbol period of the LTE base station is _Ts = 1ms/14 = 71.43μs. Three symbol periods Tc _,k = { _3Ts , _7Ts , _14Ts } are predefined for the backscatter system, corresponding to three symbiotic system spreading factors _Lk = {3, 7, 14}.

参考步骤460，LTE基站预定义两个保障等级B_Lev＝{1，2}，对应设置保障门限B_Th，其中B_MAX>B_Th>0，B_MAX为保障系数的理论计算最大值。Referring to step 460, the LTE base station predefines two protection levels B _Lev ={1, 2}, and sets a protection threshold B _Th accordingly, where B _MAX >B _Th >0, and B _MAX is a theoretically calculated maximum value of the protection factor.

参考步骤470，LTE基站将保障系数预测值与B_Th进行比较，确定保障等级预测值：
Referring to step 470, the LTE base station calculates the predicted value of the security factor Compare with B _Th to determine the predicted value of the security level:

参考步骤480，LTE基站计算反向散射***符号周期T_c,k(j+1)所对应的k：
Referring to step 480, the LTE base station calculates k corresponding to the backscatter system symbol period Tc _,k (j+1):

参考步骤490，LTE基站在当前统计周期，将反向散射***符号周期T_c,k(j+1)指示信息，通过LTE基站与反向散射接收机间的接口，发送给反向散射接收机。同时，将T_c,k(j+1)指示信息调制到激励信号上，通过空口发送给反向散射终端。Referring to step 490, the LTE base station sends the backscatter system symbol period T _c,k (j+1) indication information to the backscatter receiver through the interface between the LTE base station and the backscatter receiver in the current statistical period. At the same time, the T _c,k (j+1) indication information is modulated onto the excitation signal and sent to the backscatter terminal through the air interface.

参考步骤4100，反向散射终端接收激励信号，并解调符号周期T_c,k(j+1)指示信息，然后根据指示信息将自身发射符号周期调整至T_c,k(j+1)，从而实现共生***扩频因子L的调整。Referring to step 4100, the backscatter terminal receives the excitation signal and demodulates the symbol period Tc _,k (j+1) indication information, and then adjusts its own transmission symbol period to Tc _,k (j+1) according to the indication information, thereby adjusting the spreading factor L of the symbiotic system.

如图5所示，该实施例的调整扩频因子的装置500包括：As shown in FIG. 5 , the apparatus 500 for adjusting the spreading factor of this embodiment includes:

确定单元510，被配置为在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中，根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障等级； The determination unit 510 is configured to determine the security level of the area according to the traffic statistics information of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station in the symbiotic system of the mobile cellular network and backscattering;

调整单元520，被配置为根据所述区域的保障等级，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期，以调整移动蜂窝网基站发射符号序列相对反向散射终端发射符号的扩频因子。The adjustment unit 520 is configured to adjust the period of the backscatter terminal transmitting symbols in the area according to the security level of the area, so as to adjust the spreading factor of the mobile cellular network base station transmitting symbol sequence relative to the backscatter terminal transmitting symbol.

确定单元510，被配置为：The determining unit 510 is configured to:

确定单元510，被配置为：确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型包括：The determining unit 510 is configured to: determine the security factor prediction model of the area including:

确定单元510，被配置为：确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数包括：The determining unit 510 is configured to: determine the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the area including:

其中，条件平均运算包括第一参数、第二参数、第三参数，第一参数表示求平均的目标序列，为所述区域的各个历史统计周期的保障系数，第二参数表示求平均的目标序列需要满足的条件，根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数的时间或事件的统计特性确定，所述第三参数表示求平均的目标序列的范围，根据所述统计特性相关的时间范围或事件范围确定。Among them, the conditional averaging operation includes a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter. The first parameter represents the target sequence for averaging, which is the guarantee coefficient of each historical statistical period of the area. The second parameter represents the condition that the target sequence for averaging needs to meet, which is determined according to the statistical characteristics of the time or event of the guarantee coefficient of the historical statistical period of the area. The third parameter represents the range of the target sequence for averaging, which is determined according to the time range or event range related to the statistical characteristics.

调整单元520，被配置为根据所述区域的保障等级，并结合各保障等级的总数量以及反向散射的各符号周期的总种类，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。The adjusting unit 520 is configured to adjust the period of transmitting symbols of the backscatter terminals in the area according to the security level of the area and in combination with the total number of each security level and the total types of each backscatter symbol period.

调整单元520，被配置为对所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级，乘以反向散射的各符号周期的总种类、并除以各保障等级的总数量，将计算所得到的数值进行取整运算，将取整运算结果作为索引，确定所述区域在新的统计周期中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。The adjustment unit 520 is configured to multiply the security level of the area in the new statistical period by the total number of types of each symbol period of backscattering and divide it by the total number of each security level, and round the calculated value. The operation is performed, and the rounding operation result is used as an index to determine the period of the backscatter terminal transmitting symbols in the area in the new statistical period.

调整单元520，被配置为将所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期调整信息发送给反向散射终端和反向散射接收机。The adjustment unit 520 is configured to send period adjustment information of symbols transmitted by the backscatter terminals in the area to the backscatter terminals and the backscatter receivers.

如图6所示，该实施例的调整扩频因子的装置600包括：存储器610以及耦接至该存储器610的处理器620，处理器620被配置为基于存储在存储器610中的指令，执行前述任意一些实施例中的调整扩频因子的方法。As shown in FIG6 , the apparatus 600 for adjusting the spreading factor of this embodiment includes: a memory 610 and a processor 620 coupled to the memory 610 , wherein the processor 620 is configured to execute the method for adjusting the spreading factor in any of the aforementioned embodiments based on instructions stored in the memory 610 .

(1)一种调整扩频因子的方法，包括：(1) A method for adjusting a spreading factor, comprising:

(2)在(1)的基础上，确定所述区域的保障等级包括：(2) Based on (1), the protection level of the area is determined to include:

(3)在(2)的基础上，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型包括：(3) Based on (2), the prediction model of the security factor of the area is determined to include:

(4)在(3)的基础上，确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数包括：(4) Based on (3), the guarantee factor for the historical statistical period of the area is determined to include:

(5)在(3或4)的基础上，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型包括：(5) Based on (3 or 4), the prediction model of the security factor of the area is determined to include:

根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数及其统计特性，采用条件平均运算，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型，According to the guarantee coefficient and statistical characteristics of the historical statistical period of the area, conditional average operation is used to determine Determine the security factor prediction model for the area,

(6)在(1-5)的基础上，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期包括：根据所述区域的保障等级，并结合各保障等级的总数量以及反向散射的各符号周期的总种类，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。(6) Based on (1-5), adjusting the period of symbol transmission of the backscatter terminal in the area includes: adjusting the period of symbol transmission of the backscatter terminal in the area according to the security level of the area, in combination with the total number of each security level and the total types of each symbol period of backscattering.

(7)在(6)的基础上，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期包括：对所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级，乘以反向散射的各符号周期的总种类、并除以各保障等级的总数量，将计算所得到的数值进行取整运算，将取整运算结果作为索引，确定所述区域在新的统计周期中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。(7) Based on (6), adjusting the period of symbol transmission of the backscatter terminal in the area includes: multiplying the security level of the area in the new statistical period by the total types of each backscatter symbol period and dividing by the total number of each security level, rounding the calculated value, and using the rounding result as an index to determine the period of symbol transmission of the backscatter terminal in the area in the new statistical period.

(8)在(6或7)的基础上，所述反向散射的各符号周期在所述反向散射的最小符号周期与最大符号周期之间取值，(8) Based on (6 or 7), each symbol period of the backscattering is between a minimum symbol period and a maximum symbol period of the backscattering,

所述反向散射的最小符号周期根据反向散射终端的最大处理能力确定，The minimum symbol period of the backscattering is determined according to the maximum processing capability of the backscattering terminal.

所述反向散射的最大符号周期根据反向散射终端的最低通信速率要求确定。The maximum symbol period of the backscattering is determined according to the minimum communication rate requirement of the backscattering terminal.

(9)在(1-8)的基础上，方法还包括：将所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期调整信息发送给反向散射终端和反向散射接收机。(9) Based on (1-8), the method further includes: sending period adjustment information of symbols transmitted by backscatter terminals in the area to the backscatter terminals and backscatter receivers.

(10)在(2-5)的基础上，按照如下公式，确定所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级：
(10) Based on (2-5), the protection level of the area in the new statistical period is determined according to the following formula:

装置600还可以包括输入输出接口630、网络接口640、存储接口650等。这些接口630，640，650以及存储器610和处理器620之间例如可以通过总线660连接。The device 600 may further include an input/output interface 630 , a network interface 640 , a storage interface 650 , etc. These interfaces 630 , 640 , 650 , the memory 610 , and the processor 620 may be connected via a bus 660 , for example.

其中，存储器610例如可以包括***存储器、固定非易失性存储介质等。***存储器例如存储有操作***、应用程序、引导装载程序(Boot Loader)以及其他程序等。The memory 610 may include, for example, a system memory, a fixed non-volatile storage medium, etc. The memory stores, for example, an operating system, application programs, a boot loader, and other programs.

其中，处理器620可以用通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑设备、分立门或晶体管等分立硬件组件方式来实现。Among them, the processor 620 can be implemented by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistors and other discrete hardware components.

其中，输入输出接口630为显示器、鼠标、键盘、触摸屏等输入输出设备提供连接接口。网络接口640为各种联网设备提供连接接口。存储接口650为SD卡、U盘等外置存储设备提供连接接口。总线660可以使用多种总线结构中的任意总线结构。例如，总线结构包括但不限于工业标准体系结构(Industry Standard Architecture，ISA)总线、微通道体系结构(Micro Channel Architecture，MCA)总线、***组件互连(Peripheral Component Interconnect，PCI)总线。Among them, the input and output interface 630 provides a connection interface for input and output devices such as a display, a mouse, a keyboard, and a touch screen. The network interface 640 provides a connection interface for various networked devices. The storage interface 650 provides a connection interface for external storage devices such as SD cards and USB flash drives. The bus 660 can use any bus structure among a variety of bus structures. For example, the bus structure includes but is not limited to the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

调整扩频因子的装置500，600例如可以是移动蜂窝网基站，或者是移动蜂窝网基站中的一个装置。The apparatus 500, 600 for adjusting the spreading factor may be, for example, a mobile cellular network base station, or a device in a mobile cellular network base station.

本公开实施例提出一种(非瞬时性)计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现各实施例的调整扩频因子的方法的步骤。The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a (non-transitory) computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for adjusting the spreading factor of each embodiment are implemented.

本领域内的技术人员应当明白，本公开的实施例可提供为方法、***、或计算机程序产品。因此，本公开可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本公开可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机程序代码的非瞬时性计算机可读存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present disclosure may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more non-transient computer-readable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer program code.

本公开是参照根据本公开实施例的方法、设备(***)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解为可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present disclosure is described with reference to the flowchart and/or block diagram of the method, device (system), and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and/or box in the flowchart and/or block diagram, as well as the combination of the process and/or box in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device for implementing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one box or multiple boxes in the block diagram.

这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including an instruction device, which is implemented in one or more processes of the flowchart and/or a block diagram. A function specified in one or more boxes.

这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, whereby the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and/or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

以上所述仅为本公开的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

一种调整扩频因子的方法，包括：A method for adjusting a spreading factor, comprising:

在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中，根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障等级；In a symbiotic system of a mobile cellular network and backscatter, a security level of the area is determined based on traffic statistics of the area governed by a base station of the mobile cellular network;

根据所述区域的保障等级，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期，以调整移动蜂窝网基站发射符号序列相对反向散射终端发射符号的扩频因子。According to the security level of the area, the period of the backscatter terminal transmitting symbols in the area is adjusted to adjust the spreading factor of the symbol sequence transmitted by the mobile cellular network base station relative to the symbol transmitted by the backscatter terminal.
根据权利要求1所述的方法，确定所述区域的保障等级包括：According to the method of claim 1, determining the security level of the area comprises:

根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的历史统计周期的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型；Determine a security factor prediction model for an area governed by a mobile cellular network base station based on business volume statistics information of a historical statistical period in the area governed by the mobile cellular network base station;

利用所述区域的保障系数预测模型，预测所述区域在新的统计周期的保障系数；Using the guarantee factor prediction model of the area, predicting the guarantee factor of the area in a new statistical period;

将所述区域在新的统计周期的保障系数与预设的各个保障门限进行比较，以确定所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级。The protection coefficient of the area in the new statistical period is compared with each preset protection threshold to determine the protection level of the area in the new statistical period.
根据权利要求2所述的方法，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型包括：According to the method of claim 2, determining the security factor prediction model of the area comprises:

根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的历史统计周期的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数；Determine the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station according to the business volume statistical information of the historical statistical period of the area;

根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数及其统计特性，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型。According to the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the area and its statistical characteristics, a guarantee factor prediction model for the area is determined.
根据权利要求3所述的方法，确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数包括：According to the method of claim 3, determining the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the region comprises:

分别统计移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的历史统计周期内各个优先级业务的业务量；The business volume of each priority business in the historical statistical period of the area under the jurisdiction of the mobile cellular network base station is counted respectively;

根据所述区域的历史统计周期内各个优先级业务的业务量和相应的保障权重，通过加权计算的方法，确定所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数。The guarantee coefficient of the historical statistical period of the area is determined by a weighted calculation method according to the business volume of each priority business in the historical statistical period of the area and the corresponding guarantee weight.
根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型包括：According to the method of claim 3 or 4, determining the security factor prediction model of the area comprises:

根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数及其统计特性，采用条件平均运算，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型，According to the guarantee factor of the historical statistical period of the area and its statistical characteristics, the conditional average operation is used to determine the guarantee factor prediction model of the area.

其中，条件平均运算包括第一参数、第二参数、第三参数，第一参数表示求平均的目标序列，为所述区域的各个历史统计周期的保障系数，第二参数表示求平均的目标序列需要满足的条件，根据所述区域的历史统计周期的保障系数的时间或事件的统计特性确定，所述第三参数表示求平均的目标序列的范围，根据所述统计特性相关的时间范围或事件范围确定。The conditional average operation includes the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter. The first parameter indicates the average. The target sequence is the guarantee coefficient of each historical statistical period of the area. The second parameter represents the condition that the target sequence for averaging needs to meet, which is determined according to the statistical characteristics of time or events of the guarantee coefficient of the historical statistical period of the area. The third parameter represents the range of the target sequence for averaging, which is determined according to the time range or event range related to the statistical characteristics.
根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期包括：According to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, adjusting the period of transmitting symbols by the backscatter terminal in the area comprises:

根据所述区域的保障等级，并结合各保障等级的总数量以及反向散射的各符号周期的总种类，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。According to the security level of the area, combined with the total number of each security level and the total types of each symbol period of backscattering, the period of transmitting symbols of the backscattering terminals in the area is adjusted.
根据权利要求6所述的方法，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期包括：According to the method of claim 6, adjusting the period of transmitting symbols by the backscatter terminal in the area comprises:

对所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级，乘以反向散射的各符号周期的总种类、并除以各保障等级的总数量，将计算所得到的数值进行取整运算，将取整运算结果作为索引，确定所述区域在新的统计周期中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。The security level of the area in the new statistical period is multiplied by the total types of each symbol period of backscattering and divided by the total number of each security level. The calculated value is rounded and the rounding result is used as an index to determine the period of symbol transmission by the backscattering terminal in the area in the new statistical period.
根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，所述反向散射的各符号周期在所述反向散射的最小符号周期与最大符号周期之间取值，According to the method of claim 6 or 7, each symbol period of the backscattering takes a value between a minimum symbol period and a maximum symbol period of the backscattering,

所述反向散射的最小符号周期根据反向散射终端的最大处理能力确定，The minimum symbol period of the backscattering is determined according to the maximum processing capability of the backscattering terminal.

所述反向散射的最大符号周期根据反向散射终端的最低通信速率要求确定。The maximum symbol period of the backscattering is determined according to the minimum communication rate requirement of the backscattering terminal.
根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法，还包括：The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising:

将所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期调整信息发送给反向散射终端和反向散射接收机。The period adjustment information of the backscatter terminal transmitting the symbol in the area is sent to the backscatter terminal and the backscatter receiver.
根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的方法，按照如下公式，确定所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级：
According to the method described in any one of claims 2 to 5, the protection level of the area in the new statistical period is determined according to the following formula:

其中，表示所述区域在新的统计周期(j+1)的保障等级，B_Th,l表示第l个保障门限，l＝1,2,…,R-1，R表示各保障等级的总数量，B_MAX>B_Th,l+1>B_Th,l>0，B_MAX为保障系数的最大值，为第j+1个统计周期的保障系数预测值。in, represents the protection level of the area in the new statistical period (j+1), B _Th,l represents the lth protection threshold, l=1, 2, ..., R-1, R represents the total number of each protection level, B _MAX >B _Th,l+1 >B _Th,l >0, B _MAX is the maximum value of the protection coefficient, It is the predicted value of the guarantee coefficient for the j+1th statistical period.
一种调整扩频因子的装置，包括：A device for adjusting a spreading factor, comprising:

存储器；以及Memory; and

耦接至所述存储器的处理器，所述处理器被配置为基于存储在所述存储器中的指令，执行权利要求1-10中任一项所述的调整扩频因子的方法。A processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute the method for adjusting the spreading factor according to any one of claims 1 to 10 based on instructions stored in the memory.
一种调整扩频因子的装置，包括：A device for adjusting a spreading factor, comprising:

确定单元，被配置为在移动蜂窝网与反向散射的共生***中，根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障等级；A determination unit configured to determine, in a symbiotic system of a mobile cellular network and backscattering, a security level of the area according to traffic statistics information of an area governed by a base station of the mobile cellular network;

调整单元，被配置为根据所述区域的保障等级，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期，以调整移动蜂窝网基站发射符号序列相对反向散射终端发射符号的扩频因子。The adjustment unit is configured to adjust the period of the backscatter terminal transmitting symbols in the area according to the security level of the area, so as to adjust the spreading factor of the symbol sequence transmitted by the mobile cellular network base station relative to the symbol transmitted by the backscatter terminal.
根据权利要求12所述的装置，所述确定单元，被配置为The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the determining unit is configured to

根据移动蜂窝网基站所辖区域的历史统计周期的业务量统计信息，确定所述区域的保障系数预测模型；Determine a security factor prediction model for an area governed by a mobile cellular network base station based on business volume statistics information of a historical statistical period in the area governed by the mobile cellular network base station;

利用所述区域的保障系数预测模型，预测所述区域在新的统计周期的保障系数；Using the guarantee factor prediction model of the area, predicting the guarantee factor of the area in a new statistical period;

将所述区域在新的统计周期的保障系数与预设的各个保障门限进行比较，以确定所述区域在新的统计周期的保障等级。The protection coefficient of the area in the new statistical period is compared with each preset protection threshold to determine the protection level of the area in the new statistical period.
根据权利要求12所述的装置，所述调整单元，被配置为The device according to claim 12, wherein the adjustment unit is configured to

根据所述区域的保障等级，并结合各保障等级的总数量以及反向散射的各符号周期的总种类，调整所述区域中反向散射终端发射符号的周期。According to the security level of the area, combined with the total number of each security level and the total types of each symbol period of backscattering, the period of transmitting symbols of the backscattering terminals in the area is adjusted.
一种共生***，包括：A symbiotic system comprising:

移动通信***和反向散射***，所述反向散射***被配置为利用所述移动通信系统的射频信号进行信息传输，或/和，作为所述移动通信***的多径分量，A mobile communication system and a backscatter system, wherein the backscatter system is configured to utilize the mobile communication system The radio frequency signal of the system is used for information transmission, or/and as a multipath component of the mobile communication system,

所述移动通信***包括移动蜂窝网基站和移动蜂窝网终端，The mobile communication system includes a mobile cellular network base station and a mobile cellular network terminal.

所述反向散射***包括反向散射终端和反向散射接收机，The backscatter system includes a backscatter terminal and a backscatter receiver.

所述移动蜂窝网基站被配置为执行权利要求1-10中任一项所述的调整扩频因子的方法。The mobile cellular network base station is configured to execute the method for adjusting the spreading factor according to any one of claims 1-10.
一种非瞬时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-10中任一项所述的调整扩频因子的方法的步骤。A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for adjusting a spreading factor according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.
一种计算机程序，包括：A computer program comprising:

指令，所述指令由处理器执行时使所述处理器执行根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的调整扩频因子的方法。 The instruction, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the method for adjusting the spreading factor according to any one of claims 1-10.