WO2024066054A1 - Adapter sheet, battery cell, battery, and electrical apparatus - Google Patents

Adapter sheet, battery cell, battery, and electrical apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024066054A1
WO2024066054A1 PCT/CN2022/137865 CN2022137865W WO2024066054A1 WO 2024066054 A1 WO2024066054 A1 WO 2024066054A1 CN 2022137865 W CN2022137865 W CN 2022137865W WO 2024066054 A1 WO2024066054 A1 WO 2024066054A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating layer
adapter
battery
fuse
size
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/137865
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
叶伟青
郭满毅
李婷
Original Assignee
江苏时代新能源科技有限公司
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司, 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司
Publication of WO2024066054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024066054A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/583—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to current, e.g. fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a switching piece, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the electrode terminals in the battery are connected to the battery cell assembly through an adapter.
  • the adapter When the overcurrent of the battery is too large, the adapter will cut off the current in a disconnected manner to prevent the battery from being overcharged and causing safety hazards. In this process, the disconnected adapter is prone to reconnection and conduction, which may cause the battery to fail, affecting the safety performance of the battery.
  • the present application provides an adapter, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can alleviate the problem of the adapter being disconnected during battery use and then being reconnected and causing the battery to fail, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the present application provides an adapter for a battery cell, the adapter comprising: a first connection portion for electrically connecting to an electrode terminal; a second connection portion for electrically connecting to a tab; a fuse portion connected between the first connection portion and the second connection portion; and an insulating coating structure.
  • the insulating coating structure comprises a first coating layer and a second coating layer sequentially coated outside the fuse portion. The melting point of the second coating layer is greater than the melting point of the first coating layer, and the second coating layer is configured to completely coat the first coating layer.
  • a first coating layer and a second coating layer are provided on the outside of the fuse part of the adapter. Since the second coating layer is coated on the outside of the first coating layer, when the fuse part is blown, the high temperature generated instantly allows the first coating layer to deform inside the second coating layer, wrapping the fuse part after the blown, so as to achieve the effect of insulation protection.
  • the second coating layer is wrapped outside the fuse part, which can not only provide a fixed support for the adapter after the blown, alleviate the problem of the adapter disconnected during the use of the battery being reconnected and turned on, thereby causing the battery to fail, but also prevent the electrolyte in the battery from contacting the fuse part. As a result, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
  • a distance between an outer contour of the second cladding layer and an outer contour of the first cladding layer is greater than or equal to 1 millimeter.
  • the second coating layer can wrap the first coating layer that is deformed by heat, and play a role of insulation protection.
  • the second coating layer can improve the structural strength and the reliability of the fixed support of the fuse part, so that when the fuse part is blown, the first coating layer that is deformed by heat can stably wrap the fuse part after it is blown.
  • a distance between an outer contour of the first coating layer and an outer contour of the fuse portion is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
  • the first coating layer By defining the dimensional relationship between the outer contour of the first coating layer and the outer contour of the fuse part along the arrangement direction of the first connecting part and the second connecting part, it is more conducive for the first coating layer to wrap the fuse part after melting to achieve the effect of insulation protection.
  • the adapter sheet has a first side and a second side opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the adapter sheet; in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the ratio of the size of the first coating layer located on the first side to the size of the second coating layer located on the first side is greater than or equal to 1; in some embodiments, the adapter sheet has a first side and a second side opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the adapter sheet; in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the ratio of the size of the first coating layer located on the second side to the size of the second coating layer located on the second side is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the second covering layer can completely wrap the first covering layer, further satisfying the wrapping property of the second covering layer on the first covering layer, and improving the reliability of the second covering layer in fixing and supporting the first covering layer.
  • the material of the first coating layer includes at least one of polyethylene, oxidized polyethylene, and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers; in some embodiments, the material of the second coating layer includes at least one of ceramic material, polyimide, and fluororubber.
  • the first coating layer has low thermal sensitivity, and is easy to deform and melt into a fluid state when the fuse part is melted, so as to wrap the fuse part after it is melted.
  • the second coating layer has high temperature resistance and insulation properties, and can play the role of insulation protection, fixed support for the fuse part after it is melted, and wrapping the first coating layer that has melted into a fluid state.
  • the melting point of the first coating layer is T1
  • the melting point of the second coating layer is T2
  • the ratio of T2 to T1 is greater than or equal to 3.
  • T1 is 90°C to 130°C
  • T2 is greater than or equal to 600°C.
  • the size of the fuse part in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, is smaller than the size of the first connection part and the size of the second connection part; in some embodiments, in the width direction of the adapter sheet, the size of the fuse part is smaller than the size of the first connection part and the size of the second connection part; the width direction of the adapter sheet, the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, and the arrangement direction of the first connection part and the second connection part are perpendicular to each other.
  • a through hole is provided on the fuse part, so that the contact area and the fixing area between the first coating layer and the fuse part can be increased, and the wrapping effect of the melted first coating layer can be further improved.
  • the through hole includes at least one of a circular hole, a square hole, and a diamond hole; in some embodiments, a plurality of through holes are provided, and the plurality of through holes are arranged along a preset direction. In this way, the wrapping effect of the first coating layer deformed by heat can be further improved by designing the shape of the through holes and the arrangement of the through holes. The selection can be made according to the actual use situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • the second coating layer in the arrangement direction of the first connection part and the second connection part and in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, has contact areas with the first connection part and the second connection part respectively; the first connection part located in the contact area and/or the second connection part located in the contact area are provided with positioning holes; the second coating layer cooperates with the connection part provided with the positioning holes by means of the positioning holes. In this way, by providing the positioning holes, the reliability of the second coating layer being fixed to the first connection part and/or the second connection part can be further improved.
  • the center line of the first coating layer, the center line of the second coating layer and the center line of the fuse part coincide with each other; in some embodiments, in the arrangement direction of the first connection part and the second connection part, the center line of the first coating layer, the center line of the second coating layer and the center line of the fuse part coincide with each other. In this way, by setting the relative position relationship between the first coating layer, the second coating layer and the fuse part, when the fuse part is blown, the first coating layer that is deformed by heat can wrap the blown fuse part, and improve the reliability of the second coating layer in fixing and supporting the fuse part.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, comprising a tab, an electrode terminal and the adapter sheet in the above embodiment; wherein the first connection portion of the adapter sheet is electrically connected to the electrode terminal, and the second connection portion is connected to the tab.
  • the present application provides a battery, which includes a battery box and the battery cell in the above embodiment, wherein the battery cell is contained in the battery box.
  • the reliability of the battery is improved due to the use of the battery cell in the above embodiment.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application sequentially coats the fuse with a first coating layer and a second coating layer.
  • the high temperature generated instantly causes the first coating layer to be deformed by heat inside the second coating layer, and the fuse after it is blown is wrapped to achieve the effect of insulation protection.
  • the second coating layer is wrapped outside the fuse, which can provide a fixed support for the adapter after it is blown, and prevent the electrolyte in the battery from contacting the fuse. As a result, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adapter sheet in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an adapter sheet according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in FIG4 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of B-B in FIG4 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an orthographic projection of the second cladding layer on a reference plane, an orthographic projection of the first cladding layer on a reference plane, and a fuse on the reference plane in some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a fuse portion at a viewing angle in some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a fuse portion at a viewing angle in some other embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in FIG4 in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a fuse portion at a viewing angle in some other embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A of FIG4 in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Battery box 10 first part 11, second part 12;
  • Battery cell 20 shell 21, battery cell assembly 22, main body 221, pole ear 222, top cover assembly 23, top cover plate 231, electrode terminal 232, adapter 24, first connecting portion 241, second connecting portion 242, fuse 243, insulating coating structure 244, first coating layer 244a, second coating layer 244b, through hole k1, positioning hole k2;
  • Reference plane R first profile P1, second profile P2, third profile P3;
  • the first direction F1 the second direction F2, and the third direction F3.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the adapter in the battery will fuse to cut off the overcurrent circuit and reduce the safety risk of the battery.
  • the fused adapter will reconnect and conduct, thus causing the battery to fail.
  • an insulating coating structure can be provided outside the fuse portion of the adapter. Specifically, when the fuse portion is blown, the insulating coating structure can isolate the blown fuse portions from each other. However, if the insulating coating structure cannot completely cover the blown fuse portions, the uncoated fuse portions will be exposed to the electrolyte environment, and high-voltage breakdown problems may easily occur. At the same time, when the fuse portion is blown, the uncoated fuse portion is still in an unstable state where it can flow. Under some mechanical conditions such as vibration, there is still a situation where the blown fuse portion is reconnected and conducting, thereby causing the battery to fail.
  • an insulating coating structure including a first coating layer and a second coating layer is sequentially coated outside the fuse part of the adapter piece, and the second coating layer completely covers the first coating layer, so that when the fuse part of the adapter piece is blown, the insulating coating structure can cover the blown fuse part.
  • the first coating layer is coated with the second coating layer, when the fuse part is blown, the first coating layer is deformed by heat and can wrap the blown fuse part to achieve the effect of insulation protection.
  • the second coating layer wrapped outside the fuse part can not only provide a fixed support for the adapter after the fuse is blown, alleviate the problem of the disconnected adapter being reconnected and conducting during the use of the battery, thereby causing the battery to fail, but also prevent the electrolyte in the battery from contacting the fuse part. Therefore, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
  • the adapter described in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to battery cells, batteries and electrical devices using batteries. This helps to alleviate the problem of a disconnected adapter causing battery failure due to reconnection, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.
  • a power supply system comprising the battery cells and batteries disclosed in the present application can be used to form the electrical device, which is conducive to alleviating and automatically adjusting the deterioration of the expansion force of the battery cell, replenishing the consumption of the electrolyte, and improving the stability of the battery performance and the battery life.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source
  • the electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc.
  • the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for the starting, navigation and driving power requirements of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a battery case 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is contained in the battery case 10.
  • the battery case 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the battery case 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the battery case 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 20.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure, and the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space; the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12.
  • the battery case 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 may be in a variety of shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 20 is accommodated in the battery box 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the battery box 10.
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, or a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes a battery.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a housing 21, a battery cell assembly 22, a top cover assembly 23, a switching plate 24 and other functional components.
  • the housing 21 has a receiving cavity and an opening connected to the receiving cavity.
  • the receiving cavity can be used to receive the battery cell assembly 22, electrolyte and other components.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, a hexagonal prism shape, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 21 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell assembly 22.
  • the housing 21 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this.
  • the cell assembly 22 is a component in the battery cell 20 where an electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • One or more cell assemblies 22 may be contained in the housing 21.
  • the cell assembly 22 includes a main body 221 and a tab 222 connected to the main body 221.
  • the cell assembly 22 may be formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the portion of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet having active materials may constitute the main body 221 of the cell assembly 22, and the portion of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet not having active materials may each constitute a tab 222.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab may be located together at one end of the main body 221 or respectively at both ends of the main body 221.
  • the tab 222 may be located at one end of the cell assembly 22 in the height direction.
  • the top cover assembly 23 is used to seal the housing 21 to seal the battery cell assembly 22 in the housing 21.
  • the top cover assembly 23 may include a top cover plate 231 and an electrode terminal 232.
  • the top cover plate 231 covers the opening of the housing 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the top cover plate 231 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 21 to match the housing 21.
  • the top cover plate 231 may be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy), so that the top cover plate 231 is not easily deformed when squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have a higher structural strength and the safety performance can also be improved.
  • the electrode terminal 232 is arranged on the top cover plate 231, and a part of the electrode terminal 232 is located on one side of the inner surface of the top cover plate 231, and can be electrically connected to the pole ear 222 of the battery cell assembly 22 through the adapter 24, so as to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell 20.
  • the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab 222 is connected to the electrode terminal 232 via the adapter 24 to form a current loop.
  • the top cover plate 231 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value.
  • the material of the top cover plate 231 may also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this.
  • an insulating member may also be provided on the inner side of the top cover plate 231, and the insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 21 from the top cover plate 231 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter 24 of some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the adapter 24 of some embodiments of the present application.
  • the present application provides a adapter 24.
  • the adapter 24 includes a first connecting portion 241, a second connecting portion 242, a fuse 243 and an insulating coating structure 244.
  • the first connecting portion 241 is used to be electrically connected to the electrode terminal 232.
  • the second connecting portion 242 is used to be electrically connected to the pole ear 222.
  • the fuse 243 is connected between the first connecting portion 241 and the second connecting portion 242.
  • the insulating coating structure 244 includes a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b that are sequentially coated outside the fuse 243.
  • the melting point of the second coating layer 244b is greater than the melting point of the first coating layer 244a.
  • the second coating layer 244b is configured to completely coat the first coating layer 244a.
  • the fuse portion 243 is melted by heat, and the first coating layer 244 a is deformed by heat.
  • the first direction F1 is the arrangement direction of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242
  • the second direction F2 is the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24
  • the third direction F3 is the width direction of the adapter sheet 24.
  • the first direction F1, the second direction F2 and the third direction F3 are perpendicular to each other. No further details will be given below.
  • the first connection part 241 can be fixed by laser welding with the electrode terminal 232, and the second connection part 242 can be fixed by laser welding with the pole ear 222. Both the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 include conductive materials so that current can flow through the adapter 24.
  • the materials of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 can be selected from metals such as aluminum and copper, or other conductive materials such as aluminum alloy and copper alloy.
  • the second connection part 242 can be a long strip or a curved shape.
  • the extension direction of the second connection part 242 can be the same as the arrangement direction of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 (i.e., the first direction F1), or it can be arranged to intersect with the arrangement direction of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 (i.e., the first direction F1).
  • Figures 4 to 5 show the situation where the extension direction of the second connection part 242 is the same as the first direction F1.
  • the extension direction and shape of the second connection part 242 can be set according to the actual use situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • the material of the fuse part 243 is a conductive material so that the current can flow through the adapter 24 through the fuse part 243.
  • the fuse part 243 can heat up.
  • the fuse part 243 heats up to its melting point and melts.
  • the preset threshold can be determined according to the usage, and the overcurrent cross-sectional area of the fuse part 243 can be determined according to the preset threshold, so that when the current flowing through the adapter 24 is greater than the preset threshold, the fuse part 243 is heated and melted.
  • first connection portion 241, the fuse portion 243 and the second connection portion 242 may be an integrated structure, which may be manufactured by an integrated molding method such as stamping molding, etc. The selection may be based on actual use, and the present application embodiment does not specifically limit this.
  • the insulating coating structure 244 is a structure coated outside the fuse part 243, and can cover the entire fuse part 243.
  • the insulating coating structure 244 includes a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b that are sequentially coated outside the fuse part 243, that is, the first coating layer 244a is first coated outside the fuse part 243, and then the second coating layer 244b is coated outside the first coating layer 244a.
  • the insulating coating structure 244 has insulating properties and cannot conduct electricity.
  • the insulating coating structure 244 includes a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b, that is, the first coating layer 244a and the second coating layer 244b have insulating properties and cannot conduct electricity.
  • the first coating layer 244a is deformed by heat when the fuse part 243 is melted by heat, which means that the thermal sensitivity coefficient is small relative to the melting point of the fuse part 243, and it is not sensitive to temperature, and can be used in an environment with large temperature changes. When the battery is working normally, the state of the first coating layer 244a does not change. When the fuse part 243 is melted, the first coating layer 244a can be deformed in the high temperature environment instantly generated by the melting of the fuse part 243. When the first coating layer 244a is deformed by heat, it can at least partially cover the fuse part 243 that is melted by heat.
  • the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat can completely cover the fuse part 243 that is melted by heat, or it can not completely cover the fuse part 243 that is melted by heat.
  • the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat can be in a molten flow state or in a state with a certain deformation.
  • the melting point of the second coating layer 244b is greater than that of the first coating layer 244a, which means that the second coating layer 244b has a certain high temperature resistance compared to the first coating layer 244a relative to the melting point of the fuse 243.
  • the second coating layer 244b has the ability to resist deformation and flow.
  • the current flowing through the adapter 24 is greater than the preset threshold, the current is cut off by the heat-melting of the fuse 243 to avoid overcharging of the battery and potential safety hazards.
  • the fuse 243 is heated and melted, the high temperature generated instantly causes the first coating layer 244a to deform. Since the second coating layer 244b completely covers the first coating layer 244a inside, and the second coating layer 244b can resist the high temperature generated when the fuse 243 is melted and has a stable shape, the deformed first coating layer 244a can be confined within the second coating layer 244b, so that the first coating layer 244a can at least partially cover the melted fuse 243.
  • the first coating layer 244a confined in a certain space can enter between the melted fuses 243 when it is deformed by heat, and wrap the melted fuse 243. If a number of molten beads are generated in the fuse 243 during the melting process, they can also be wrapped separately with the deformed first coating layer 244a.
  • the fuse part 243 after melting can be always fixed, which is not only conducive to the process of the first coating layer 244a wrapping the fuse part 243 after melting, but also can avoid the fuse part 243 from secondary contact after melting.
  • the second coating layer 244b and the first coating layer 244a sequentially form a path that can block the electrolyte from entering the fuse part 243, forming a double barrier and reducing the risk of high-voltage breakdown.
  • the problem of the disconnected adapter 24 being reconnected and conducting during the use of the battery, which may cause the battery to fail, can be alleviated, and the electrolyte in the battery can be prevented from contacting the fuse 243 and causing high voltage breakdown.
  • the safety performance of the battery is improved.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A of FIG. 4 in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of B-B of FIG. 4 in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the second coating layer 244b on the reference plane R, the orthographic projection of the first coating layer 244a on the reference plane R, and the fuse 243 on the reference plane R in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the distance between the outer contour of the second coating layer 244b and the outer contour of the first coating layer 244a is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
  • the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the second cladding layer 244b is the first contour P1
  • the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the first cladding layer 244a is the second contour P2.
  • the distance between the first outer contour and the second outer contour is the first dimension L1
  • the first dimension L1 is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
  • the second coating layer 244b can wrap the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat, and play a role of insulation protection.
  • the second coating layer 244b can improve the structural strength and the reliability of the fixed support of the fuse part 243, so that when the fuse part 243 is blown, the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat can stably wrap the fuse part 243 after it is blown.
  • the distance between the outer contour of the first coating layer 244a and the outer contour of the fuse portion 243 is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
  • the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the fuse portion 243 is the third contour P3. It can be understood that the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the first coating layer 244a is the second contour P2.
  • the distance between the second outer contour and the third outer contour is the second dimension L2, and the second dimension L2 is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
  • the size of the second dimension L2 it is more convenient for the first coating layer 244a to wrap the fuse part 243 after it is melted, so as to achieve the function of insulation protection.
  • the distance between the first outer contour and the second outer contour can be of the same size or of different sizes, as long as the first size L1 is greater than or equal to 1 mm, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions.
  • the distance between the second outer contour and the third outer contour can also be considered in this way, which will not be repeated here.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a situation in which the distance between the first outer contour and the second outer contour is the same size, and the distance between the second outer contour and the third outer contour is the same size in the first direction F1, which is more conducive to molding and manufacturing.
  • the first size L1 and the second size L2 can be determined based on the length of the weld produced, as long as the first connecting portion 241 and the second connecting portion 242 can meet the welding conditions, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • the adapter sheet 24 has a first side s1 and a second side s2 that are opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24.
  • the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the first side s1 is the third size L3
  • the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the first side s1 is the fourth size L4
  • the ratio of the third size L3 to the fourth size L4 is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the second side s2 is the fifth size L5
  • the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the second side s2 is the sixth size L6
  • the ratio of the fifth size L5 to the sixth size L6 is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the first side s1 and the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the second side s2 may be the same or different, and the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the first side s1 and the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the second side s2 may be the same or different.
  • Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the situation in which, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the first side s1 is the same as the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the second side s2, and the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the first side s1 is the same as the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the second side s2, which is more conducive to molding and manufacturing.
  • These dimensions can be set according to actual usage, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • the second covering layer 244b can completely wrap the first covering layer 244a, further satisfying the wrapping property of the second covering layer 244b on the first covering layer 244a, and improving the reliability of the second covering layer 244b in fixing and supporting the first covering layer 244a.
  • the size of the first coating layer 244a located on the first side s1 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
  • the size of the second coating layer 244b located on the first side s1 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
  • the size of the first coating layer 244a located on the second side s2 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
  • the size of the second coating layer 244b located on the second side s2 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
  • the material of the first coating layer 244a includes at least one of polyethylene, oxidized polyethylene, and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers.
  • the material of the second coating layer 244b includes at least one of ceramic materials (such as aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, etc.), polyimide, and fluororubber.
  • the first coating layer 244a and the second coating layer 244b can be in the form of a coating, or can be in other forms such as a sleeve.
  • the second coating layer 244b can be obtained by a plasma process, which can improve the adhesion strength of the second coating layer 244b and avoid falling off, thereby improving the fixing and supporting effect of the second coating layer 244b.
  • other manufacturing processes can also be used to make the second coating layer 244b, such as injection molding, extrusion, cold isostatic pressing, hot pressing and hot isostatic pressing molding, and the present application embodiment does not specifically limit this. Accordingly, the first coating layer 244a can also be considered in the same way, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first coating layer 244a has low thermal sensitivity, so that it can melt into a fluid state when the fuse part 243 is blown, so as to wrap the blown fuse part 243.
  • the second coating layer 244b has high temperature resistance and insulation properties, and can play the role of insulation protection, fixed support for the blown fuse part 243, and wrapping the first coating layer 244a that has melted into a fluid state.
  • the melting point of the first coating layer 244a is T1
  • the melting point of the second coating layer 244b is T2
  • the ratio of T2 to T1 is greater than or equal to 3.
  • the second coating layer 244b can better provide a fixing and supporting function.
  • T1 is 90° C. to 130° C.
  • T2 is greater than or equal to 600° C.
  • the selection can be made according to the material of the adapter 24 and the operating temperature of the battery, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific limitations on this.
  • the first coating layer 244a with the required melting point, the temperature response sensitivity and flow wrapping property of the first coating layer 244a can be ensured, and when the fuse part 243 is melted, a molten state can be formed to quickly wrap the melted fuse part 243.
  • the second coating layer 244b with the required melting point, the second coating layer 244b can be made resistant to high temperatures, avoiding the influence of the high temperature generated when the fuse part 243 is melted, and improving the reliability of the second coating layer 244b.
  • the size of the fuse portion 243 is smaller than the size of the first connection portion 241 and the size of the second connection portion 242.
  • the fuse portion 243 may be thinned by thinning.
  • the fuse part 243 By thinning the fuse part 243 , when the current flowing through the adapter plate 24 is greater than a preset threshold, the fuse part 243 can be blown more quickly to protect the battery.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connection portion 241, the second connection portion 242 and the fuse portion 243 at a viewing angle in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the size of the fuse portion 243 is the seventh size L7
  • the size of the first connection portion 241 is the eighth size L8
  • the size of the second connection portion 242 is the ninth size L9
  • the seventh size L7 is smaller than the eighth size L8 and the ninth size L9.
  • the relationship between the eighth size L8 and the ninth size L9 can be set according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a situation where the eighth size L8 is equal to the ninth size L9.
  • the fuse part 243 By designing the size of the fuse part 243 to obtain the required cross-sectional area for overcurrent at the fuse part 243, the fuse part 243 can be blown more quickly when an excessive current is generated, thereby protecting the battery.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting portion 241, the second connecting portion 242 and the fuse portion 243 at a viewing angle in some other embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of A-A of Figure 4 in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the fuse portion 243 is provided with a through hole k1.
  • the first coating layer 244a and the fuse 243 can be further fixed by means of the through hole k1, and when the fuse 243 is blown, the effect of the first coating layer 244a covering the fuse 243 can be improved. If the first coating layer 244a is only in contact with the outer surface of the fuse 243 before the fuse 243 is blown, then when the fuse 243 is blown, the deformed first coating layer 244a can enter the through hole k1, and the effect of the first coating layer 244a covering the fuse 243 can be further improved.
  • the contact area and the fixing area between the first coating layer 244 a and the fuse portion 243 can be increased, and the wrapping effect of the melted first coating layer 244 a can be further improved.
  • the through hole k1 includes at least one of a circular hole, a square hole, and a diamond hole.
  • a plurality of through holes k1 are provided, and the plurality of through holes k1 are arranged along a preset direction.
  • Figures 10 and 11 illustrate a situation where the preset direction is a third direction F3 and three circular through holes k1 are provided.
  • the shape, quantity, and arrangement of the through holes k1 can be set according to actual usage, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • the wrapping effect of the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat is further improved.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connection part 241, the second connection part 242 and the fuse part 243 at a viewing angle in some other embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in Figure 4 in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the second coating layer 244b has contact areas with the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 respectively.
  • a positioning hole k2 is provided on the first connection part 241 located in the contact area and/or the second connection part 242 located in the contact area.
  • the second coating layer 244b cooperates with the connection part provided with the positioning hole k2 by means of the positioning hole k2.
  • a positioning hole k2 is provided on at least one of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242.
  • the positioning hole k2 can be used to connect with the inside of the corresponding connection part, increase the bonding area between the second coating layer 244b and the corresponding connection part, and improve the fixing effect between the second coating layer 244b and the corresponding connection part.
  • the positioning hole k2 may include at least one of a circular hole, a square hole, and a diamond hole.
  • the positioning hole k2 may be provided with one, two or other numbers.
  • Figures 12 and 13 illustrate the situation where the positioning hole k2 is provided along the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the positioning hole k2 is a circular hole, and two positioning holes k2 are provided on the first connection part 241 and two positioning holes k2 are provided on the second connection part 242. It can be understood that the position of the positioning hole k2 is related to the size of the second coating layer 244b, and the shape, number and arrangement of the positioning hole k2 can be set according to the actual use situation, as long as the positioning hole k2 is provided in the above-mentioned contact area, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • the second coating layer 244b can be more firmly connected to the first connection part 241 and/or the second connection part 242, which can further improve the reliability of the second coating layer 244b being fixed to the first connection part 241 and/or the second connection part 242.
  • the center line of the first coating layer 244a, the center line of the second coating layer 244b, and the center line of the fuse 243 coincide with each other (that is, coincide with the first center line c1 illustrated in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7).
  • the center line of the fuse 243 coincides with each other (that is, coincide with the first center line c1 illustrated in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7).
  • FIG. 4 and in combination with FIG. 6 and FIG.
  • the first coating layer 244a deformed by heat can more evenly wrap the melted fuse part 243, and the coating effect is more uniform.
  • the first coating layer 244a deformed by heat can better wrap the melted fuse part 243, and improve the reliability of the second coating layer 244b fixing and supporting the fuse part 243.
  • the present application further provides a battery cell 20, comprising a tab 222, an electrode terminal 232, and a transfer sheet 24 in any of the above schemes.
  • the first connection portion 241 of the transfer sheet 24 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 232, and the second connection portion 242 is connected to the tab 222.
  • the safety performance of the battery cell 20 is improved.
  • the present application further provides a battery 100, which includes a battery case 10 and a battery cell 20 in any of the above solutions, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the battery case 10.
  • a battery 100 which includes a battery case 10 and a battery cell 20 in any of the above solutions, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the battery case 10.
  • the present application further provides an electrical device, which includes the battery 100 in any of the above solutions, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the power-consuming device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .
  • the present application provides an aluminum adapter 24.
  • the adapter 24 includes a first connection portion 241, a fuse portion 243, and a second connection portion 242 connected in sequence.
  • the first connection portion 241, the fuse portion 243, and the second connection portion 242 can be an integrated structure, and the fuse portion 243 can be thinned so that the thickness of the fuse portion 243 is less than the thickness of the first connection portion 241 and the thickness of the second connection portion 242.
  • a through hole k1 is provided on the fuse portion 243.
  • Positioning holes k2 are provided on the first connection portion 241 and the second connection portion 242.
  • the adapter 24 also includes an insulating coating structure 244 disposed outside the fuse portion 243.
  • the insulating coating structure 244 includes a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b.
  • a first coating layer 244a can be coated on the fuse part 243 of the adapter 24 by a coating process, and then a second coating layer 244b that can completely cover the first coating layer 244a can be formed by an injection molding process.
  • the fuse part 243 is melted by heat, and the first coating layer 244a is heated to a molten state. Since the first coating layer 244a is coated with the second coating layer 244b, the first coating layer 244a can melt and flow inside the second coating layer 244b to wrap the melted fuse part 243 to achieve the effect of insulation protection.
  • the embodiment of the present application sequentially coats the fuse 243 with a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b.
  • the high temperature generated instantly causes the first coating layer 244a to be deformed by heat inside the second coating layer 244b, and wraps the fuse 243 after it is blown, so as to achieve the effect of insulation protection.
  • the second coating layer 244b is wrapped outside the fuse 243, and can provide a fixed support for the adapter 24 after it is blown, so as to prevent the electrolyte in the battery from contacting the fuse 243. As a result, the safety performance of the battery is improved.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and relates to an adapter sheet (24), a battery cell (20), a battery (100) and an electrical apparatus. A fuse portion (243) of the adapter sheet (24) is coated with a first coating layer (244a) and a second coating layer (244b). Since the first coating layer (244a) is coated with the second coating layer (244b), when the fuse portion (243) is fused, the instantly-generated high temperature enables the first coating layer (244a) to be heated and deformed within in the second coating layer (244b), such that the fused fuse portion (243) is wrapped, and an insulation and protection effect is achieved. Moreover, the fuse portion (243) is wrapped by the second coating layer (244b), which not only can provide a fixed support effect for the fused adapter sheet (24), thereby alleviating the problem of the failure of the battery (100) caused by a disconnected adapter sheet (24) being reconnected during use of the battery (100), but also prevent an electrolyte in the battery (100) from contacting the fuse portion (243). Therefore, the use safety performance of the battery (100) is increased.

Description

转接片、电池单体、电池及用电装置Adapter, battery cell, battery and electrical device
交叉引用cross reference
本申请引用于2022年09月26日递交的名称为“转接片、电池单体、电池及用电装置”的第202211169870.2号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。This application refers to Chinese Patent Application No. 202211169870.2 filed on September 26, 2022, entitled “Adapter, Battery Cell, Battery and Electrical Device”, which is incorporated into this application in its entirety by reference.
技术领域Technical Field
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种转接片、电池单体、电池及用电装置。The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a switching piece, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
背景技术Background technique
相关技术中，电池内的电极端子与电芯组件通过转接片相连接。当电池的过流电流过大时，转接片会以断开方式切断电流，从而避免电池发生过充而存在安全隐患。在此过程中，会出现断开的转接片容易发生重新连接导通进而使电池失效的问题，影响电池的使用安全性能。In the related art, the electrode terminals in the battery are connected to the battery cell assembly through an adapter. When the overcurrent of the battery is too large, the adapter will cut off the current in a disconnected manner to prevent the battery from being overcharged and causing safety hazards. In this process, the disconnected adapter is prone to reconnection and conduction, which may cause the battery to fail, affecting the safety performance of the battery.
发明内容Summary of the invention
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种转接片、电池单体、电池及用电装置，能够缓解电池使用过程中断开的转接片发生重新连接导通进而使电池失效的问题，提高电池的使用安全性能。In view of the above problems, the present application provides an adapter, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can alleviate the problem of the adapter being disconnected during battery use and then being reconnected and causing the battery to fail, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
第一方面，本申请提供了一种转接片，用于电池单体，转接片包括：用于与电极端子电连接的第一连接部；用于与极耳电连接的第二连接部；连接于第一连接部和第二连接部之间的熔断部；及绝缘包覆结构。绝缘包覆结构包括依次包覆于熔断部外的第一包覆层和第二包覆层。其中，第二包覆层的熔点大于第一包覆层的熔点，第二包覆层构造为完全包覆第一包覆层。在流经转接片的电流大于预设阈值时，熔断部受热熔断，第一包覆层受热变形。In the first aspect, the present application provides an adapter for a battery cell, the adapter comprising: a first connection portion for electrically connecting to an electrode terminal; a second connection portion for electrically connecting to a tab; a fuse portion connected between the first connection portion and the second connection portion; and an insulating coating structure. The insulating coating structure comprises a first coating layer and a second coating layer sequentially coated outside the fuse portion. The melting point of the second coating layer is greater than the melting point of the first coating layer, and the second coating layer is configured to completely coat the first coating layer. When the current flowing through the adapter is greater than a preset threshold value, the fuse portion is thermally melted and the first coating layer is thermally deformed.
本申请实施例的技术方案中，在转接片的熔断部外包覆设置第一包覆层和第二包覆层。由于第一包覆层外包覆有第二包覆层，在熔断部熔断时，瞬间产生的高温使得第一包覆层可以在第二包覆层内部变形，将熔断后的熔断部包裹，以达到绝缘保护的作用。而第二包覆层包裹于熔断部外，不仅可以为熔断后的转接片提供固定支撑的作用，缓解电池使用过程中断开的转接片发生重新连接导通进而使电池失效的问题，还可以避免电池内的电解液接触熔断部。由此，提高了电池的使用安全性能。In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a first coating layer and a second coating layer are provided on the outside of the fuse part of the adapter. Since the second coating layer is coated on the outside of the first coating layer, when the fuse part is blown, the high temperature generated instantly allows the first coating layer to deform inside the second coating layer, wrapping the fuse part after the blown, so as to achieve the effect of insulation protection. The second coating layer is wrapped outside the fuse part, which can not only provide a fixed support for the adapter after the blown, alleviate the problem of the adapter disconnected during the use of the battery being reconnected and turned on, thereby causing the battery to fail, but also prevent the electrolyte in the battery from contacting the fuse part. As a result, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
在一些实施例中，沿第一连接部和第二连接部的排布方向，第二包覆层的外轮廓与第一包覆层的外轮廓之间的距离大于等于1毫米。In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction of the first connection portion and the second connection portion, a distance between an outer contour of the second cladding layer and an outer contour of the first cladding layer is greater than or equal to 1 millimeter.
通过定义沿第一连接部和第二连接部的排布方向，第二包覆层的外轮廓与第一包覆层 的外轮廓之间的尺寸关系，一方面，在熔断部熔断时，第二包覆层能够包裹住受热变形的第一包覆层，起到绝缘保护的作用。另一方面，第二包覆层可以提高结构强度，提高对熔断部固定支撑的可靠性，便于在熔断部熔断时，受热变形的第一包覆层能够稳定地将熔断后的熔断部包裹。By defining the size relationship between the outer contour of the second coating layer and the outer contour of the first coating layer along the arrangement direction of the first connection part and the second connection part, on the one hand, when the fuse part is blown, the second coating layer can wrap the first coating layer that is deformed by heat, and play a role of insulation protection. On the other hand, the second coating layer can improve the structural strength and the reliability of the fixed support of the fuse part, so that when the fuse part is blown, the first coating layer that is deformed by heat can stably wrap the fuse part after it is blown.
在一些实施例中，沿第一连接部和第二连接部的排布方向，第一包覆层的外轮廓与熔断部的外轮廓之间的距离大于等于2毫米。In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, a distance between an outer contour of the first coating layer and an outer contour of the fuse portion is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
通过定义沿第一连接部和第二连接部的排布方向，第一包覆层的外轮廓与熔断部的外轮廓之间的尺寸关系，更有利于第一包覆层将熔断后的熔断部包裹，达到绝缘保护的作用。By defining the dimensional relationship between the outer contour of the first coating layer and the outer contour of the fuse part along the arrangement direction of the first connecting part and the second connecting part, it is more conducive for the first coating layer to wrap the fuse part after melting to achieve the effect of insulation protection.
在一些实施例中，转接片具有沿转接片的厚度方向上相对的第一侧和第二侧；在转接片的厚度方向上，位于第一侧的第一包覆层的尺寸与位于第一侧的第二包覆层的尺寸的比值大于等于1；在一些实施例中，转接片具有沿转接片的厚度方向上相对的第一侧和第二侧；在转接片的厚度方向上，位于第二侧的第一包覆层的尺寸与位于第二侧的第二包覆层的尺寸的比值大于等于1。In some embodiments, the adapter sheet has a first side and a second side opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the adapter sheet; in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the ratio of the size of the first coating layer located on the first side to the size of the second coating layer located on the first side is greater than or equal to 1; in some embodiments, the adapter sheet has a first side and a second side opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the adapter sheet; in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the ratio of the size of the first coating layer located on the second side to the size of the second coating layer located on the second side is greater than or equal to 1.
通过定义在转接片的厚度方向上，位于转接片的第一侧的第一包覆层的尺寸与位于转接片的第一侧的第二包覆层的尺寸的比值，和/或，位于转接片的第二侧的第一包覆层的尺寸与位于转接片的第二侧的第二包覆层的尺寸的比值，进而使得第二包覆层能够完全包裹住第一包覆层，进一步满足第二包覆层对第一包覆层的包裹性，提高第二包覆层对第一包覆层进行固定支撑的可靠性。By defining the ratio of the size of the first covering layer located on the first side of the adapter sheet to the size of the second covering layer located on the first side of the adapter sheet in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, and/or the ratio of the size of the first covering layer located on the second side of the adapter sheet to the size of the second covering layer located on the second side of the adapter sheet, the second covering layer can completely wrap the first covering layer, further satisfying the wrapping property of the second covering layer on the first covering layer, and improving the reliability of the second covering layer in fixing and supporting the first covering layer.
在一些实施例中，第一包覆层的材料包括聚乙烯、氧化聚乙烯、聚乙烯醇类共聚物中的至少一种；在一些实施例中，第二包覆层的材料包括陶瓷材料、聚酰亚胺、氟橡胶中的至少一种。In some embodiments, the material of the first coating layer includes at least one of polyethylene, oxidized polyethylene, and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers; in some embodiments, the material of the second coating layer includes at least one of ceramic material, polyimide, and fluororubber.
如此，通过对于第一包覆层的材料的选择，使得第一包覆层具有低热敏感性，便于在熔断部熔断时发生变形而熔化成流动态，以将熔断后的熔断部包裹。通过对于第二包覆层的材料的选择，使得第二包覆层具有耐高温和绝缘的性质，可以起到绝缘防护、固定支撑熔断后的熔断部以及包裹熔化成流动态的第一包覆层的作用。Thus, by selecting the material of the first coating layer, the first coating layer has low thermal sensitivity, and is easy to deform and melt into a fluid state when the fuse part is melted, so as to wrap the fuse part after it is melted. By selecting the material of the second coating layer, the second coating layer has high temperature resistance and insulation properties, and can play the role of insulation protection, fixed support for the fuse part after it is melted, and wrapping the first coating layer that has melted into a fluid state.
在一些实施例中，第一包覆层的熔点为T1，第二包覆层的熔点为T2；T2与T1的比值大于等于3。如此，通过定义第一包覆层的熔点与第二包覆层的熔点之间的关系，使得在第一包覆层受热变形时，第二包覆层可以更好地提供固定支撑作用。In some embodiments, the melting point of the first coating layer is T1, and the melting point of the second coating layer is T2; the ratio of T2 to T1 is greater than or equal to 3. In this way, by defining the relationship between the melting points of the first coating layer and the second coating layer, when the first coating layer is deformed by heat, the second coating layer can better provide a fixed support function.
在一些实施例中，T1为90℃至130℃，T2大于等于600℃。如此，通过选择所需要熔点的第一包覆层，可以保证第一包覆层的温度响应灵敏度以及流动包裹性，在熔断部熔断时，可以快速包裹熔断的熔断部。通过选择所需要熔点的第二包覆层，可以使得第二包覆层可以耐高温，避免熔断部熔断时产生的高温的影响，提高了第二包覆层的可靠性。In some embodiments, T1 is 90°C to 130°C, and T2 is greater than or equal to 600°C. In this way, by selecting the first coating layer with the required melting point, the temperature response sensitivity and flow wrapping of the first coating layer can be guaranteed, and when the fuse part is blown, the blown fuse part can be quickly wrapped. By selecting the second coating layer with the required melting point, the second coating layer can be resistant to high temperatures, avoiding the influence of the high temperature generated when the fuse part is blown, and improving the reliability of the second coating layer.
在一些实施例中，在转接片的厚度方向上，熔断部的尺寸小于第一连接部的尺寸以及 第二连接部的尺寸；在一些实施例中，在转接片的宽度方向上，熔断部的尺寸小于第一连接部的尺寸以及第二连接部的尺寸；转接片的宽度方向、转接片的厚度方向，以及第一连接部和第二连接部的排布方向彼此相互垂直。通过对于熔断部的尺寸设计，以在熔断部处得到所需要的过流横截面积，便于在产生过大电流时，熔断部可以熔断，实现对于电池的保护。In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the size of the fuse part is smaller than the size of the first connection part and the size of the second connection part; in some embodiments, in the width direction of the adapter sheet, the size of the fuse part is smaller than the size of the first connection part and the size of the second connection part; the width direction of the adapter sheet, the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, and the arrangement direction of the first connection part and the second connection part are perpendicular to each other. By designing the size of the fuse part, the required cross-sectional area of the current flow is obtained at the fuse part, so that when an excessive current is generated, the fuse part can be melted to achieve protection for the battery.
在一些实施例中，熔断部上设有通孔。如此，可以增加第一包覆层与熔断部的接触面积和固定面积，进一步提高熔化的第一包覆层的包裹效果。In some embodiments, a through hole is provided on the fuse part, so that the contact area and the fixing area between the first coating layer and the fuse part can be increased, and the wrapping effect of the melted first coating layer can be further improved.
在一些实施例中，通孔包括圆形孔、方形孔、菱形孔中的至少一种；在一些实施例中，通孔设有多个，多个通孔沿预设方向排列。如此，可以通过对于通孔形状以及通孔的排列方式的设计，来进一步提高受热变形的第一包覆层的包裹效果。可以根据实际使用情况进行选择，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。In some embodiments, the through hole includes at least one of a circular hole, a square hole, and a diamond hole; in some embodiments, a plurality of through holes are provided, and the plurality of through holes are arranged along a preset direction. In this way, the wrapping effect of the first coating layer deformed by heat can be further improved by designing the shape of the through holes and the arrangement of the through holes. The selection can be made according to the actual use situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
在一些实施例中，在第一连接部和第二连接部的排布方向以及转接片的厚度方向上，第二包覆层分别与第一连接部、第二连接部具有接触区域；位于接触区域的第一连接部和/或位于接触区域的第二连接部上设有定位孔；第二包覆层借助定位孔与设有定位孔的连接部相配合。如此，通过设置定位孔，可以进一步提高第二包覆层固定于第一连接部和/或第二连接部的可靠性。In some embodiments, in the arrangement direction of the first connection part and the second connection part and in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the second coating layer has contact areas with the first connection part and the second connection part respectively; the first connection part located in the contact area and/or the second connection part located in the contact area are provided with positioning holes; the second coating layer cooperates with the connection part provided with the positioning holes by means of the positioning holes. In this way, by providing the positioning holes, the reliability of the second coating layer being fixed to the first connection part and/or the second connection part can be further improved.
在一些实施例中，在转接片的厚度方向上，第一包覆层的中心线、第二包覆层的中心线与熔断部的中心线彼此重合；在一些实施例中，在第一连接部和第二连接部的排布方向上，第一包覆层的中心线、第二包覆层的中心线与熔断部的中心线彼此重合。如此，通过设置第一包覆层、第二包覆层、熔断部之间的相对位置关系，便于在熔断部熔断时，受热变形的第一包覆层能够将熔断后的熔断部均包裹住，以及提高第二包覆层对熔断部固定支撑的可靠性。In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the center line of the first coating layer, the center line of the second coating layer and the center line of the fuse part coincide with each other; in some embodiments, in the arrangement direction of the first connection part and the second connection part, the center line of the first coating layer, the center line of the second coating layer and the center line of the fuse part coincide with each other. In this way, by setting the relative position relationship between the first coating layer, the second coating layer and the fuse part, when the fuse part is blown, the first coating layer that is deformed by heat can wrap the blown fuse part, and improve the reliability of the second coating layer in fixing and supporting the fuse part.
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电池单体，包括极耳、电极端子和上述实施例中的转接片；其中，转接片的第一连接部与电极端子电连接，第二连接部与极耳相连接。如此，由于使用了上述实施例中的转接片，提高了电池单体的安全性能。In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery cell, comprising a tab, an electrode terminal and the adapter sheet in the above embodiment; wherein the first connection portion of the adapter sheet is electrically connected to the electrode terminal, and the second connection portion is connected to the tab. Thus, due to the use of the adapter sheet in the above embodiment, the safety performance of the battery cell is improved.
第三方面，本申请提供了一种电池，其包括电池箱体及上述实施例中的电池单体，电池单体容纳于电池箱体内。如此，由于使用了上述实施例中的电池单体，提高了电池的可靠性。In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery, which includes a battery box and the battery cell in the above embodiment, wherein the battery cell is contained in the battery box. Thus, the reliability of the battery is improved due to the use of the battery cell in the above embodiment.
第四方面，本申请提供了一种用电装置，其包括上述实施例中的电池，电池用于提供电能。如此，由于使用了上述实施例中的电池，提高了用电装置的安全性能。In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy. Thus, due to the use of the battery in the above embodiment, the safety performance of the electrical device is improved.
本申请实施例根据熔断部熔断时的特点，在熔断部外依次包覆设置第一包覆层和第二包覆层。在熔断部熔断时，瞬间产生的高温使得第一包覆层可以在第二包覆层内部受热变形，将熔断后的熔断部包裹，以达到绝缘保护的作用。而第二包覆层包裹于熔断部外，可以为熔断后的转接片提供固定支撑的作用，避免电池内的电解液接触熔断部。由此，提高了电池的使用安全性能。According to the characteristics of the fuse when it is blown, the embodiment of the present application sequentially coats the fuse with a first coating layer and a second coating layer. When the fuse is blown, the high temperature generated instantly causes the first coating layer to be deformed by heat inside the second coating layer, and the fuse after it is blown is wrapped to achieve the effect of insulation protection. The second coating layer is wrapped outside the fuse, which can provide a fixed support for the adapter after it is blown, and prevent the electrolyte in the battery from contacting the fuse. As a result, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
通过阅读对下文实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application;
图4为本申请一些实施例的转接片的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adapter sheet in some embodiments of the present application;
图5为本申请一些实施例的转接片的分解结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an adapter sheet according to some embodiments of the present application;
图6为本申请一些实施例中图4的A-A的断面结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in FIG4 in some embodiments of the present application;
图7为本申请一些实施例中图4的B-B的断面结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of B-B in FIG4 in some embodiments of the present application;
图8为本申请一些实施例中第二包覆层在参考平面上的正投影、第一包覆层在参考平面上的正投影以及熔断部在参考平面上的示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of an orthographic projection of the second cladding layer on a reference plane, an orthographic projection of the first cladding layer on a reference plane, and a fuse on the reference plane in some embodiments of the present application;
图9为本申请一些实施例中在一个视角下的第一连接部、第二连接部和熔断部的结构示意图；FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a fuse portion at a viewing angle in some embodiments of the present application;
图10为本申请另一些实施例中在一个视角下的第一连接部、第二连接部和熔断部的结构示意图；FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a fuse portion at a viewing angle in some other embodiments of the present application;
图11为本申请另一些实施例中图4的A-A的断面结构示意图；FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in FIG4 in some other embodiments of the present application;
图12为本申请又一些实施例中在一个视角下的第一连接部、第二连接部和熔断部的结构示意图；FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a fuse portion at a viewing angle in some other embodiments of the present application;
图13为本申请又一些实施例中图4的A-A的断面结构示意图。FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A of FIG4 in some other embodiments of the present application.
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：The reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows:
车辆1000； Vehicles 1000;
电池100，控制器200，马达300； Battery 100, controller 200, motor 300;
电池箱体10，第一部分11，第二部分12； Battery box 10, first part 11, second part 12;
电池单体20，壳体21，电芯组件22，主体部221，极耳222，顶盖组件23，顶盖板231，电极端子232，转接片24，第一连接部241，第二连接部242，熔断部243，绝缘包覆结构244，第一包覆层244a，第二包覆层244b，通孔k1，定位孔k2； Battery cell 20, shell 21, battery cell assembly 22, main body 221, pole ear 222, top cover assembly 23, top cover plate 231, electrode terminal 232, adapter 24, first connecting portion 241, second connecting portion 242, fuse 243, insulating coating structure 244, first coating layer 244a, second coating layer 244b, through hole k1, positioning hole k2;
第一侧s1，第二侧s2；first side s1, second side s2;
第一尺寸L1，第二尺寸L2，第三尺寸L3，第四尺寸L4，第五尺寸L5，第六尺寸L6，第七尺寸L7，第八尺寸L8，第九尺寸L9；A first size L1, a second size L2, a third size L3, a fourth size L4, a fifth size L5, a sixth size L6, a seventh size L7, an eighth size L8, and a ninth size L9;
参考平面R，第一轮廓P1，第二轮廓P2，第三轮廓P3；Reference plane R, first profile P1, second profile P2, third profile P3;
第一中心线c1，第二中心线c2；First center line c1, second center line c2;
第一方向F1，第二方向F2，第三方向F3。The first direction F1, the second direction F2, and the third direction F3.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相 连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源***，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。At present, from the perspective of market development, the application of power batteries is becoming more and more extensive. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.
本申请发明人注意到，在发生电滥用而产生过大电流时，电池内的转接片会熔断，以切断过电流回路，降低电池的安全风险。在此过程中，在电池会受到外部作用力时，熔断的转接片会重新连接导通，从而使得电池失效。The inventor of the present application has noticed that when excessive current is generated due to electrical abuse, the adapter in the battery will fuse to cut off the overcurrent circuit and reduce the safety risk of the battery. In this process, when the battery is subjected to external force, the fused adapter will reconnect and conduct, thus causing the battery to fail.
为了缓解电池使用过程中断开的转接片发生重新连接导通进而使电池失效的问题，本申请发明人研究发现，可以在转接片的熔断部外设置绝缘包覆结构。具体为在熔断部熔断时，绝缘包覆结构可以将熔断的熔断部之间彼此相隔离。然而，如若绝缘包覆结构不能完全将熔断后的熔断部分别完全包覆，未被包覆的熔断部会暴露于电解液的环境中，容易发生高压击穿的问题。同时，在熔断时，未被包覆的熔断部仍处于可以流动的不稳定状态，在一些振动等机械工况下，仍存在熔断后的熔断部重新连接导通进而使电池失效的情形。In order to alleviate the problem of the disconnected adapter being reconnected and conducting during the use of the battery, thereby causing the battery to fail, the inventors of the present application have discovered that an insulating coating structure can be provided outside the fuse portion of the adapter. Specifically, when the fuse portion is blown, the insulating coating structure can isolate the blown fuse portions from each other. However, if the insulating coating structure cannot completely cover the blown fuse portions, the uncoated fuse portions will be exposed to the electrolyte environment, and high-voltage breakdown problems may easily occur. At the same time, when the fuse portion is blown, the uncoated fuse portion is still in an unstable state where it can flow. Under some mechanical conditions such as vibration, there is still a situation where the blown fuse portion is reconnected and conducting, thereby causing the battery to fail.
基于以上考虑，为了解决电池使用过程中断开的转接片发生重新连接导通进而使电池失效的问题，本申请发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种转接片，通过在转接片的熔断部外依次包覆设置包括第一包覆层和第二包覆层的绝缘包覆结构，且第二包覆层完全包覆第一包覆层，使得在转接片的熔断部熔断时，绝缘包覆结构可以使得熔断的熔断部可以被包覆。Based on the above considerations, in order to solve the problem that the adapter piece that is disconnected during the use of the battery may be reconnected and conductive, thereby causing the battery to fail, the inventor of the present application has designed an adapter piece after in-depth research. An insulating coating structure including a first coating layer and a second coating layer is sequentially coated outside the fuse part of the adapter piece, and the second coating layer completely covers the first coating layer, so that when the fuse part of the adapter piece is blown, the insulating coating structure can cover the blown fuse part.
在这样的转接片中，由于第一包覆层外包覆有第二包覆层，在熔断部熔断时，第一包覆层受热变形可以将熔断后的熔断部包裹住，以达到绝缘保护的作用。而第二包覆层包裹于熔断部外，不仅可以为熔断后的转接片提供固定支撑的作用，缓解电池使用过程中断开的转接片发生重新连接导通进而使电池失效的问题，还可以避免电池内的电解液接触熔断部。因此，提高了电池的使用安全性能。In such an adapter, since the first coating layer is coated with the second coating layer, when the fuse part is blown, the first coating layer is deformed by heat and can wrap the blown fuse part to achieve the effect of insulation protection. The second coating layer wrapped outside the fuse part can not only provide a fixed support for the adapter after the fuse is blown, alleviate the problem of the disconnected adapter being reconnected and conducting during the use of the battery, thereby causing the battery to fail, but also prevent the electrolyte in the battery from contacting the fuse part. Therefore, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
本申请实施例描述的转接片适用于电池单体、电池以及使用电池的用电装置，这样，有利于缓解断开的转接片发生重新连接导通而使电池失效的问题，保证电池的使用安全性能。The adapter described in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to battery cells, batteries and electrical devices using batteries. This helps to alleviate the problem of a disconnected adapter causing battery failure due to reconnection, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery.
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源***，这样，有利于缓解并自动调节电芯膨胀力恶化，补充电解液消耗，提升电池性能的稳定性和电池寿命。The battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or aircraft. A power supply system comprising the battery cells and batteries disclosed in the present application can be used to form the electrical device, which is conducive to alleviating and automatically adjusting the deterioration of the expansion force of the battery cell, replenishing the consumption of the electrolyte, and improving the stability of the battery performance and the battery life.
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。The embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source, and the electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc. Among them, the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc., and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for the starting, navigation and driving power requirements of the vehicle 1000.
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的***图。电池100包括电池箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于电池箱体10内。其中，电池箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，电池箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，电池箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的电池箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a battery case 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is contained in the battery case 10. Among them, the battery case 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the battery case 10 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the battery case 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure, and the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space; the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12. Of course, the battery case 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 may be in a variety of shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于电池箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于电池箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。In the battery 100, there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel. The multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 20 is accommodated in the battery box 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the battery box 10. The battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, or a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池的最小单元。如图3，电池单体20包括有壳体21、电芯组件22、顶盖组件23、转接片24以及其他的功能性部件。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes a battery. As shown in FIG. 3, the battery cell 20 includes a housing 21, a battery cell assembly 22, a top cover assembly 23, a switching plate 24 and other functional components.
壳体21具有容纳腔以及与容纳腔连通的开口。容纳腔可以用于容纳电芯组件22、电解液以及其他部件。壳体21可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体21的形状可以根据电芯组件22的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体 21的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。The housing 21 has a receiving cavity and an opening connected to the receiving cavity. The receiving cavity can be used to receive the battery cell assembly 22, electrolyte and other components. The housing 21 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, a hexagonal prism shape, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 21 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell assembly 22. The housing 21 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this.
电芯组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体21内可以包含一个或更多个电芯组件22。电芯组件22包括主体部221以及连接于主体部221的极耳222。具体地，电芯组件22可以由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分可以构成电芯组件22的主体部221，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳222。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部221的一端或是分别位于主体部221的两端。可选的，如图3所示，极耳222可以位于电芯组件22高度方向上的一端。The cell assembly 22 is a component in the battery cell 20 where an electrochemical reaction occurs. One or more cell assemblies 22 may be contained in the housing 21. The cell assembly 22 includes a main body 221 and a tab 222 connected to the main body 221. Specifically, the cell assembly 22 may be formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The portion of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet having active materials may constitute the main body 221 of the cell assembly 22, and the portion of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet not having active materials may each constitute a tab 222. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab may be located together at one end of the main body 221 or respectively at both ends of the main body 221. Optionally, as shown in FIG3 , the tab 222 may be located at one end of the cell assembly 22 in the height direction.
顶盖组件23用于密封壳体21，以将电芯组件22密封于壳体21内。顶盖组件23可以包括顶盖板231以及电极端子232。顶盖板231覆盖于壳体21的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境。不限地，顶盖板231的形状可以与壳体21的形状相适应以配合壳体21。顶盖板231可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，顶盖板231在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。电极端子232设置于顶盖板231，电极端子232的一部分位于顶盖板231的内表面一侧，并可以通过转接片24与电芯组件22的极耳222电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳222借助转接片24连接电极端子232以形成电流回路。The top cover assembly 23 is used to seal the housing 21 to seal the battery cell assembly 22 in the housing 21. The top cover assembly 23 may include a top cover plate 231 and an electrode terminal 232. The top cover plate 231 covers the opening of the housing 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the top cover plate 231 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 21 to match the housing 21. The top cover plate 231 may be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy), so that the top cover plate 231 is not easily deformed when squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have a higher structural strength and the safety performance can also be improved. The electrode terminal 232 is arranged on the top cover plate 231, and a part of the electrode terminal 232 is located on one side of the inner surface of the top cover plate 231, and can be electrically connected to the pole ear 222 of the battery cell assembly 22 through the adapter 24, so as to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell 20. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab 222 is connected to the electrode terminal 232 via the adapter 24 to form a current loop.
在一些实施例中，顶盖板231上还可以设置有用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。顶盖板231的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在顶盖板231的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体21内的电连接部件与顶盖板231，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。In some embodiments, the top cover plate 231 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value. The material of the top cover plate 231 may also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this. In some embodiments, an insulating member may also be provided on the inner side of the top cover plate 231, and the insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 21 from the top cover plate 231 to reduce the risk of short circuit. Exemplarily, the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, etc.
根据本申请的一些实施例，请继续参照图3，并请进一步参照图4至图5，图4为本申请一些实施例的转接片24的结构示意图；图5为本申请一些实施例的转接片24的分解结构示意图。本申请提供了一种转接片24。转接片24包括第一连接部241、第二连接部242、熔断部243及绝缘包覆结构244。第一连接部241用于与电极端子232电连接的第一连接部241。第二连接部242用于与极耳222电连接。熔断部243连接于第一连接部241和第二连接部242之间。绝缘包覆结构244包括依次包覆于熔断部243外的第一包覆层244a和第二包覆层244b。第二包覆层244b的熔点大于第一包覆层244a的熔点。第二包覆层244b构造为完全包覆第一包覆层244a。According to some embodiments of the present application, please continue to refer to FIG. 3, and please further refer to FIG. 4 to FIG. 5, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter 24 of some embodiments of the present application; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the adapter 24 of some embodiments of the present application. The present application provides a adapter 24. The adapter 24 includes a first connecting portion 241, a second connecting portion 242, a fuse 243 and an insulating coating structure 244. The first connecting portion 241 is used to be electrically connected to the electrode terminal 232. The second connecting portion 242 is used to be electrically connected to the pole ear 222. The fuse 243 is connected between the first connecting portion 241 and the second connecting portion 242. The insulating coating structure 244 includes a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b that are sequentially coated outside the fuse 243. The melting point of the second coating layer 244b is greater than the melting point of the first coating layer 244a. The second coating layer 244b is configured to completely coat the first coating layer 244a.
在流经转接片24的电流大于预设阈值时，熔断部243受热熔断，第一包覆层244a受热变形。When the current flowing through the adapter plate 24 is greater than a preset threshold, the fuse portion 243 is melted by heat, and the first coating layer 244 a is deformed by heat.
如图中所示，图中第一方向F1为第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向，第二方向F2为转接片24的厚度方向，第三方向F3为转接片24的宽度方向，第一方向F1、第二方向F2和第三方向F3彼此垂直。后文不再赘述。As shown in the figure, the first direction F1 is the arrangement direction of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242, the second direction F2 is the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, and the third direction F3 is the width direction of the adapter sheet 24. The first direction F1, the second direction F2 and the third direction F3 are perpendicular to each other. No further details will be given below.
第一连接部241可以通过激光与电极端子232焊接固定，第二连接部242可以通过激光与极耳222焊接固定。第一连接部241和第二连接部242均包括导电材质，以使电流能够流经转接片24。第一连接部241和第二连接部242的材质可以选用铝、铜等金属，也可以选用铝合金、铜合金等其他导电材料。第二连接部242可以为长条形，也可以为曲形，第二连接部242的延伸方向可以与第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向(即第一方向F1)相同，也可以与第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向(即第一方向F1)相交设置。图4至图5示出第二连接部242的延伸方向与第一方向F1相同的情形。可以根据实际使用情况对第二连接部242的延伸方向以及形状进行设置，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。The first connection part 241 can be fixed by laser welding with the electrode terminal 232, and the second connection part 242 can be fixed by laser welding with the pole ear 222. Both the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 include conductive materials so that current can flow through the adapter 24. The materials of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 can be selected from metals such as aluminum and copper, or other conductive materials such as aluminum alloy and copper alloy. The second connection part 242 can be a long strip or a curved shape. The extension direction of the second connection part 242 can be the same as the arrangement direction of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 (i.e., the first direction F1), or it can be arranged to intersect with the arrangement direction of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 (i.e., the first direction F1). Figures 4 to 5 show the situation where the extension direction of the second connection part 242 is the same as the first direction F1. The extension direction and shape of the second connection part 242 can be set according to the actual use situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
熔断部243的材质为导电材质，以使电流能够经熔断部243流经转接片24。当电流流经转接片24时，熔断部243能够发热升温。在流经转接片24的电流大于预设阈值时，熔断部243发热升温至其熔点而熔断。预设阈值可以根据使用情况来确定，根据预设阈值可以确定熔断部243的过流横截面积，以在流经转接片24的电流大于预设阈值时，熔断部243受热熔断。The material of the fuse part 243 is a conductive material so that the current can flow through the adapter 24 through the fuse part 243. When the current flows through the adapter 24, the fuse part 243 can heat up. When the current flowing through the adapter 24 is greater than the preset threshold, the fuse part 243 heats up to its melting point and melts. The preset threshold can be determined according to the usage, and the overcurrent cross-sectional area of the fuse part 243 can be determined according to the preset threshold, so that when the current flowing through the adapter 24 is greater than the preset threshold, the fuse part 243 is heated and melted.
在一些实施例中，第一连接部241、熔断部243和第二连接部242可以为一体式结构，可以通过冲压成型等一体成型方式制作得到。可以根据实际使用情况进行选择，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。In some embodiments, the first connection portion 241, the fuse portion 243 and the second connection portion 242 may be an integrated structure, which may be manufactured by an integrated molding method such as stamping molding, etc. The selection may be based on actual use, and the present application embodiment does not specifically limit this.
绝缘包覆结构244为包覆于熔断部243外的结构，能够将整个熔断部243包覆在内。绝缘包覆结构244包括依次包覆于熔断部243外的第一包覆层244a和第二包覆层244b，也即是在熔断部243外先包覆第一包覆层244a后，再在第一包覆层244a外包覆第二包覆层244b。The insulating coating structure 244 is a structure coated outside the fuse part 243, and can cover the entire fuse part 243. The insulating coating structure 244 includes a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b that are sequentially coated outside the fuse part 243, that is, the first coating layer 244a is first coated outside the fuse part 243, and then the second coating layer 244b is coated outside the first coating layer 244a.
可以理解的是，绝缘包覆结构244具有绝缘的性能，不能导电。而绝缘包覆结构244包括第一包覆层244a和第二包覆层244b，也即是，第一包覆层244a和第二包覆层244b是具有绝缘性能的，不能导电。It is understandable that the insulating coating structure 244 has insulating properties and cannot conduct electricity. The insulating coating structure 244 includes a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b, that is, the first coating layer 244a and the second coating layer 244b have insulating properties and cannot conduct electricity.
第一包覆层244a在熔断部243受热熔断时受热变形，指的是相对于熔断部243的熔点而言，热敏感系数较小，对温度不敏感，可在温度变化差异较大的环境下使用。在电池正常工作时，第一包覆层244a状态不发生改变。在熔断部243熔断时，第一包覆层244a可在因熔断部243熔断而瞬间产生的高温环境下变形。第一包覆层244a受热变形时，可以至少部分包覆受热熔断的熔断部243。也就是说，受热变形的第一包覆层244a可以完全包覆受热熔断的熔断部243，也可以不完全包覆受热熔断的熔断部243。受热变形的第一包覆层244a可以是熔融流动状态，也可以是具有一定形变的状态。The first coating layer 244a is deformed by heat when the fuse part 243 is melted by heat, which means that the thermal sensitivity coefficient is small relative to the melting point of the fuse part 243, and it is not sensitive to temperature, and can be used in an environment with large temperature changes. When the battery is working normally, the state of the first coating layer 244a does not change. When the fuse part 243 is melted, the first coating layer 244a can be deformed in the high temperature environment instantly generated by the melting of the fuse part 243. When the first coating layer 244a is deformed by heat, it can at least partially cover the fuse part 243 that is melted by heat. In other words, the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat can completely cover the fuse part 243 that is melted by heat, or it can not completely cover the fuse part 243 that is melted by heat. The first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat can be in a molten flow state or in a state with a certain deformation.
第二包覆层244b的熔点大于第一包覆层244a的熔点，指的是相对于熔断部243的熔点而言，第二包覆层244b相较于第一包覆层244a具有一定的耐高温性能。在熔断部243熔断时，第二包覆层244b具有能够抵抗变形以及抵抗流动的能力。The melting point of the second coating layer 244b is greater than that of the first coating layer 244a, which means that the second coating layer 244b has a certain high temperature resistance compared to the first coating layer 244a relative to the melting point of the fuse 243. When the fuse 243 is melted, the second coating layer 244b has the ability to resist deformation and flow.
在流经转接片24的电流大于预设阈值时，通过熔断部243受热熔断来切断电流，避免电池发生过充而存在安全隐患。在熔断部243受热熔断时，瞬间产生的高温使得第一包覆层244a变形。由于第二包覆层244b将第一包覆层244a完全包覆于内部，且第二包覆层244b能够抵抗熔断部243熔断时产生的高温而具有稳定的形态，如此，变形的第一包覆层244a能够被限制于第二包覆层244b内，使得第一包覆层244a能够将熔断的熔断部243至少部分包覆。因此，被限制在一定空间内的第一包覆层244a在受热变形时能够进入熔断的熔断部243之间，并包裹熔断后的熔断部243。熔断部243在熔断过程中如若产生有若干熔珠，则也可以借助变形的第一包覆层244a分别包裹住。同时，由于第二包覆层244b具有稳定的形态，可以始终对熔断后的熔断部243进行固定，不仅有利于第一包覆层244a包裹熔断后的熔断部243的过程的进行，还可以避免熔断后的熔断部243发生二次接触。在电解液接触转接片24时，第二包覆层244b、第一包覆层244a依次形成可以阻挡电解液进入熔断部243内路径，形成了双重阻隔，降低了高压击穿的风险。When the current flowing through the adapter 24 is greater than the preset threshold, the current is cut off by the heat-melting of the fuse 243 to avoid overcharging of the battery and potential safety hazards. When the fuse 243 is heated and melted, the high temperature generated instantly causes the first coating layer 244a to deform. Since the second coating layer 244b completely covers the first coating layer 244a inside, and the second coating layer 244b can resist the high temperature generated when the fuse 243 is melted and has a stable shape, the deformed first coating layer 244a can be confined within the second coating layer 244b, so that the first coating layer 244a can at least partially cover the melted fuse 243. Therefore, the first coating layer 244a confined in a certain space can enter between the melted fuses 243 when it is deformed by heat, and wrap the melted fuse 243. If a number of molten beads are generated in the fuse 243 during the melting process, they can also be wrapped separately with the deformed first coating layer 244a. At the same time, since the second coating layer 244b has a stable shape, the fuse part 243 after melting can be always fixed, which is not only conducive to the process of the first coating layer 244a wrapping the fuse part 243 after melting, but also can avoid the fuse part 243 from secondary contact after melting. When the electrolyte contacts the adapter 24, the second coating layer 244b and the first coating layer 244a sequentially form a path that can block the electrolyte from entering the fuse part 243, forming a double barrier and reducing the risk of high-voltage breakdown.
由此，通过设置第一包覆层244a和第二包覆层244b，可以缓解电池使用过程中断开的转接片24发生重新连接导通进而使电池失效的问题，还可以避免电池内的电解液接触熔断部243而产生高压击穿。由此，提高了电池的使用安全性能。Thus, by providing the first coating layer 244a and the second coating layer 244b, the problem of the disconnected adapter 24 being reconnected and conducting during the use of the battery, which may cause the battery to fail, can be alleviated, and the electrolyte in the battery can be prevented from contacting the fuse 243 and causing high voltage breakdown. Thus, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请继续参照图4，并请进一步参照图6至图8，图6为本申请一些实施例中图4的A-A的断面结构示意图，图7为本申请一些实施例中图4的B-B的断面结构示意图，图8为本申请一些实施例中第二包覆层244b在参考平面R上的正投影、第一包覆层244a在参考平面R上的正投影以及熔断部243在参考平面R上的示意图。沿第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向，第二包覆层244b的外轮廓与第一包覆层244a的外轮廓之间的距离大于等于1毫米。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, please continue to refer to FIG. 4, and further refer to FIG. 6 to FIG. 8, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A of FIG. 4 in some embodiments of the present application, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of B-B of FIG. 4 in some embodiments of the present application, and FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the second coating layer 244b on the reference plane R, the orthographic projection of the first coating layer 244a on the reference plane R, and the fuse 243 on the reference plane R in some embodiments of the present application. Along the arrangement direction of the first connecting portion 241 and the second connecting portion 242, the distance between the outer contour of the second coating layer 244b and the outer contour of the first coating layer 244a is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
更为具体地，在平行于第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向以及转接片24的厚度方向的平面(即参考平面R)内，第二包覆层244b的正投影的外轮廓为第一轮廓P1，第一包覆层244a的正投影的外轮廓为第二轮廓P2。沿第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向(即第一方向F1)，第一外轮廓与第二外轮廓之间的距离为第一尺寸L1，第一尺寸L1大于等于1毫米。More specifically, in a plane (i.e., reference plane R) parallel to the arrangement direction of the first connection portion 241 and the second connection portion 242 and the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the second cladding layer 244b is the first contour P1, and the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the first cladding layer 244a is the second contour P2. Along the arrangement direction of the first connection portion 241 and the second connection portion 242 (i.e., the first direction F1), the distance between the first outer contour and the second outer contour is the first dimension L1, and the first dimension L1 is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
通过定义第一尺寸L1的大小，一方面，在熔断部243熔断时，第二包覆层244b能够包裹住受热变形的第一包覆层244a，起到绝缘保护的作用。另一方面，第二包覆层244b可以提高结构强度，提高对熔断部243固定支撑的可靠性，便于在熔断部243熔断时，受热变形的第一包覆层244a能够稳定地将熔断后的熔断部243包裹。By defining the size of the first dimension L1, on the one hand, when the fuse part 243 is blown, the second coating layer 244b can wrap the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat, and play a role of insulation protection. On the other hand, the second coating layer 244b can improve the structural strength and the reliability of the fixed support of the fuse part 243, so that when the fuse part 243 is blown, the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat can stably wrap the fuse part 243 after it is blown.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请继续参照图4，并请进一步参照图6至图8，沿第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向，第一包覆层244a的外轮廓与熔断部243的外轮廓之间的距离大于等于2毫米。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, please continue to refer to Figure 4, and please further refer to Figures 6 to 8. Along the arrangement direction of the first connecting portion 241 and the second connecting portion 242, the distance between the outer contour of the first coating layer 244a and the outer contour of the fuse portion 243 is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
更为具体地，请继续参照图8，在平行于第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向以及转接片24的厚度方向的平面(即参考平面R)内，熔断部243的正投影的外轮廓为第三轮廓P3。可以理解，第一包覆层244a的正投影的外轮廓为第二轮廓P2。沿第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向，第二外轮廓与第三外轮廓之间的距离为第二尺寸L2，第二尺寸L2大于等于2毫米。More specifically, please continue to refer to FIG. 8 , in a plane (i.e., reference plane R) parallel to the arrangement direction of the first connection portion 241 and the second connection portion 242 and the thickness direction of the adapter 24, the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the fuse portion 243 is the third contour P3. It can be understood that the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the first coating layer 244a is the second contour P2. Along the arrangement direction of the first connection portion 241 and the second connection portion 242, the distance between the second outer contour and the third outer contour is the second dimension L2, and the second dimension L2 is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
通过定义第二尺寸L2的大小，更有利于第一包覆层244a将熔断后的熔断部243包裹，达到绝缘保护的作用。By defining the size of the second dimension L2, it is more convenient for the first coating layer 244a to wrap the fuse part 243 after it is melted, so as to achieve the function of insulation protection.
需要说明的是，在第一方向F1上，第一外轮廓与第二外轮廓之间的距离可以均为一个尺寸，也可以为不同的尺寸，只要满足第一尺寸L1大于等于1毫米即可，本申请实施例不作具体限制。在第一方向F1上，第二外轮廓与第三外轮廓之间的距离也可以作此考虑，在此不再赘述。图8示意出在第一方向F1上，第一外轮廓与第二外轮廓之间的距离为同一尺寸、第二外轮廓与第三外轮廓之间的距离为同一尺寸的情形，更有利于成型制作。在第一连接部241通过激光与电极端子232焊接固定，第二连接部242通过激光与极耳222焊接固定时，第一尺寸L1和第二尺寸L2可以依据所产生的焊缝长度来决定，只要可以使第一连接部241和第二连接部242满足焊接条件即可，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。It should be noted that, in the first direction F1, the distance between the first outer contour and the second outer contour can be of the same size or of different sizes, as long as the first size L1 is greater than or equal to 1 mm, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions. In the first direction F1, the distance between the second outer contour and the third outer contour can also be considered in this way, which will not be repeated here. Figure 8 illustrates a situation in which the distance between the first outer contour and the second outer contour is the same size, and the distance between the second outer contour and the third outer contour is the same size in the first direction F1, which is more conducive to molding and manufacturing. When the first connecting portion 241 is fixed by laser welding to the electrode terminal 232, and the second connecting portion 242 is fixed by laser welding to the pole ear 222, the first size L1 and the second size L2 can be determined based on the length of the weld produced, as long as the first connecting portion 241 and the second connecting portion 242 can meet the welding conditions, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请继续参照图7，转接片24具有沿转接片24的厚度方向上相对的第一侧s1和第二侧s2。在转接片24的厚度方向(即第二方向F2)上，位于第一侧s1的第一包覆层244a的尺寸为第三尺寸L3，位于第一侧s1的第二包覆层244b的尺寸为第四尺寸L4，第三尺寸L3与第四尺寸L4的比值大于等于1。根据本申请的另一些实施例，可选地，在转接片24的厚度方向上，位于第二侧s2的第一包覆层244a的尺寸为第五尺寸L5，位于第二侧s2的第二包覆层244b的尺寸为第六尺寸L6，第五尺寸L5与第六尺寸L6的比值大于等于1。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, please continue to refer to FIG. 7 , the adapter sheet 24 has a first side s1 and a second side s2 that are opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24. In the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24 (i.e., the second direction F2), the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the first side s1 is the third size L3, the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the first side s1 is the fourth size L4, and the ratio of the third size L3 to the fourth size L4 is greater than or equal to 1. According to some other embodiments of the present application, optionally, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the second side s2 is the fifth size L5, the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the second side s2 is the sixth size L6, and the ratio of the fifth size L5 to the sixth size L6 is greater than or equal to 1.
需要说明的是，在转接片24的厚度方向上，位于第一侧s1的第一包覆层244a的尺寸与位于第二侧s2的第一包覆层244a的尺寸可以相同，也可以不同，位于第一侧s1的第二包覆层244b的尺寸与位于第二侧s2的第二包覆层244b的尺寸可以相同，也可以不同。图6和图7示意出在转接片24的厚度方向上，位于第一侧s1的第一包覆层244a的尺寸与位于第二侧s2的第一包覆层244a的尺寸相同，位于第一侧s1的第二包覆层244b的尺寸与位于第二侧s2的第二包覆层244b的尺寸相同的情形，更有利于成型制作。可以根据实际使用情况对这些尺寸进行设置，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。It should be noted that, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the first side s1 and the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the second side s2 may be the same or different, and the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the first side s1 and the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the second side s2 may be the same or different. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the situation in which, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the first side s1 is the same as the size of the first cladding layer 244a located on the second side s2, and the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the first side s1 is the same as the size of the second cladding layer 244b located on the second side s2, which is more conducive to molding and manufacturing. These dimensions can be set according to actual usage, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this.
通过定义第三尺寸L3与第四尺寸L4之间的关系、第五尺寸L5和第六尺寸L6之间 的关系，进而使得第二包覆层244b能够完全包裹住第一包覆层244a，进一步满足第二包覆层244b对第一包覆层244a的包裹性，提高第二包覆层244b对第一包覆层244a进行固定支撑的可靠性。By defining the relationship between the third dimension L3 and the fourth dimension L4, and the relationship between the fifth dimension L5 and the sixth dimension L6, the second covering layer 244b can completely wrap the first covering layer 244a, further satisfying the wrapping property of the second covering layer 244b on the first covering layer 244a, and improving the reliability of the second covering layer 244b in fixing and supporting the first covering layer 244a.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，在转接片24的厚度方向上，位于第一侧s1的第一包覆层244a的尺寸为0.1毫米至1毫米。根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，在转接片24的厚度方向上，位于第一侧s1的第二包覆层244b的尺寸为0.1毫米至1毫米。根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，在转接片24的厚度方向上，位于第二侧s2的第一包覆层244a的尺寸为0.1毫米至1毫米。根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，在转接片24的厚度方向上，位于第二侧s2的第二包覆层244b的尺寸为0.1毫米至1毫米。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the first coating layer 244a located on the first side s1 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm. According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the second coating layer 244b located on the first side s1 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm. According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the first coating layer 244a located on the second side s2 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm. According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the second coating layer 244b located on the second side s2 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
通过进一步定义在转接片24的厚度方向上，位于转接片24的第一侧s1的第一包覆层244a的尺寸范围、位于转接片24的第一侧s1的第二包覆层244b的尺寸范围、转接片24的第二侧s2的第一包覆层244a的尺寸范围、位于转接片24的第二侧s2的第二包覆层244b的尺寸范围，不仅可以满足第二包覆层244b对于第一包覆层244a的包裹性，还可以满足第一包覆层244a对于熔断后的熔断部243的包裹性。By further defining, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size range of the first coating layer 244a located on the first side s1 of the adapter sheet 24, the size range of the second coating layer 244b located on the first side s1 of the adapter sheet 24, the size range of the first coating layer 244a located on the second side s2 of the adapter sheet 24, and the size range of the second coating layer 244b located on the second side s2 of the adapter sheet 24, not only the wrapping property of the second coating layer 244b for the first coating layer 244a can be satisfied, but also the wrapping property of the first coating layer 244a for the fuse part 243 after melting can be satisfied.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，第一包覆层244a的材料包括聚乙烯、氧化聚乙烯、聚乙烯醇类共聚物中的至少一种。根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，第二包覆层244b的材料包括陶瓷材料(例如氧化铝、氮化铝、氮化硼等)、聚酰亚胺、氟橡胶中的至少一种。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the material of the first coating layer 244a includes at least one of polyethylene, oxidized polyethylene, and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers. According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the material of the second coating layer 244b includes at least one of ceramic materials (such as aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, etc.), polyimide, and fluororubber.
需要说明的是，第一包覆层244a和第二包覆层244b可以是涂层的形式，还可以是例如套体的其它形式。以第二包覆层244b是涂层形式，且第二包覆层244b的材料为陶瓷材料为例，可以采用等离子工艺得到第二包覆层244b，能够提高第二包覆层244b的附着强度，避免脱落，从而提高第二包覆层244b的固定和支撑的作用。当然，还可以采用其他制作工艺制作第二包覆层244b，例如注塑、挤压、冷等静压、热压与热等静压成型等制作工艺，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。相应地，第一包覆层244a可以同样进行考虑，在此不再赘述。It should be noted that the first coating layer 244a and the second coating layer 244b can be in the form of a coating, or can be in other forms such as a sleeve. Taking the second coating layer 244b as a coating, and the material of the second coating layer 244b as a ceramic material as an example, the second coating layer 244b can be obtained by a plasma process, which can improve the adhesion strength of the second coating layer 244b and avoid falling off, thereby improving the fixing and supporting effect of the second coating layer 244b. Of course, other manufacturing processes can also be used to make the second coating layer 244b, such as injection molding, extrusion, cold isostatic pressing, hot pressing and hot isostatic pressing molding, and the present application embodiment does not specifically limit this. Accordingly, the first coating layer 244a can also be considered in the same way, and will not be repeated here.
通过对于第一包覆层244a的材料的选择，使得第一包覆层244a具有低热敏感性，便于在熔断部243熔断时熔化成流动态，以将熔断后的熔断部243包裹。通过对于第二包覆层244b的材料的选择，使得第二包覆层244b具有耐高温和绝缘的性质，可以起到绝缘防护、固定支撑熔断后的熔断部243以及包裹熔化成流动态的第一包覆层244a的作用。By selecting the material of the first coating layer 244a, the first coating layer 244a has low thermal sensitivity, so that it can melt into a fluid state when the fuse part 243 is blown, so as to wrap the blown fuse part 243. By selecting the material of the second coating layer 244b, the second coating layer 244b has high temperature resistance and insulation properties, and can play the role of insulation protection, fixed support for the blown fuse part 243, and wrapping the first coating layer 244a that has melted into a fluid state.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，第一包覆层244a的熔点为T1，第二包覆层244b的熔点为T2，T2与T1的比值大于等于3。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the melting point of the first coating layer 244a is T1, the melting point of the second coating layer 244b is T2, and the ratio of T2 to T1 is greater than or equal to 3.
通过定义第一包覆层244a的熔点与第二包覆层244b的熔点之间的关系，使得在第一包覆层244a受热变形时，第二包覆层244b可以更好地提供固定支撑作用。By defining the relationship between the melting point of the first coating layer 244a and the melting point of the second coating layer 244b, when the first coating layer 244a is deformed by heat, the second coating layer 244b can better provide a fixing and supporting function.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，T1为90℃至130℃，T2大于等于600℃。可以根据转接片24的材质以及电池的工作温度来进行选择，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, T1 is 90° C. to 130° C., and T2 is greater than or equal to 600° C. The selection can be made according to the material of the adapter 24 and the operating temperature of the battery, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific limitations on this.
通过选择所需要熔点的第一包覆层244a，可以保证第一包覆层244a的温度响应灵敏度以及流动包裹性，在熔断部243熔断时，可以形成熔融态，快速包裹熔断的熔断部243。通过选择所需要熔点的第二包覆层244b，可以使得第二包覆层244b可以耐高温，避免熔断部243熔断时产生的高温的影响，提高了第二包覆层244b的可靠性。By selecting the first coating layer 244a with the required melting point, the temperature response sensitivity and flow wrapping property of the first coating layer 244a can be ensured, and when the fuse part 243 is melted, a molten state can be formed to quickly wrap the melted fuse part 243. By selecting the second coating layer 244b with the required melting point, the second coating layer 244b can be made resistant to high temperatures, avoiding the influence of the high temperature generated when the fuse part 243 is melted, and improving the reliability of the second coating layer 244b.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，在转接片24的厚度方向上，熔断部243的尺寸小于第一连接部241的尺寸以及第二连接部242的尺寸。可选地，可以通过墩薄处理对熔断部243进行减薄。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the size of the fuse portion 243 is smaller than the size of the first connection portion 241 and the size of the second connection portion 242. Optionally, the fuse portion 243 may be thinned by thinning.
通过对熔断部243的减薄处理，便于在流经转接片24的电流大于预设阈值时，熔断部243可以更快地熔断，以实现对于电池的保护。By thinning the fuse part 243 , when the current flowing through the adapter plate 24 is greater than a preset threshold, the fuse part 243 can be blown more quickly to protect the battery.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请参照图9，图9为本申请一些实施例中在一个视角下的第一连接部241、第二连接部242和熔断部243的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，在转接片24的宽度方向上，熔断部243的尺寸为第七尺寸L7，第一连接部241的尺寸为第八尺寸L8，第二连接部242的尺寸为第九尺寸L9，第七尺寸L7小于第八尺寸L8以及第九尺寸L9。第八尺寸L8和第九尺寸L9之间的关系，可以根据实际情况来设置，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。图9示意出第八尺寸L8等于第九尺寸L9的情形。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, please refer to FIG. 9, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connection portion 241, the second connection portion 242 and the fuse portion 243 at a viewing angle in some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, in the width direction of the adapter 24, the size of the fuse portion 243 is the seventh size L7, the size of the first connection portion 241 is the eighth size L8, and the size of the second connection portion 242 is the ninth size L9, and the seventh size L7 is smaller than the eighth size L8 and the ninth size L9. The relationship between the eighth size L8 and the ninth size L9 can be set according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this. Figure 9 illustrates a situation where the eighth size L8 is equal to the ninth size L9.
通过对于熔断部243的尺寸设计，以在熔断部243处得到所需要的过流横截面积，便于在产生过大电流时，熔断部243可以更快地熔断，实现对于电池的保护。By designing the size of the fuse part 243 to obtain the required cross-sectional area for overcurrent at the fuse part 243, the fuse part 243 can be blown more quickly when an excessive current is generated, thereby protecting the battery.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请参照图10和图11，并结合参照图4，图10为本申请另一些实施例中在一个视角下的第一连接部241、第二连接部242和熔断部243的结构示意图，图11为本申请另一些实施例中图4的A-A的断面结构示意图。熔断部243上设有通孔k1。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, please refer to Figures 10 and 11, and in combination with Figure 4, Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting portion 241, the second connecting portion 242 and the fuse portion 243 at a viewing angle in some other embodiments of the present application, and Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of A-A of Figure 4 in some other embodiments of the present application. The fuse portion 243 is provided with a through hole k1.
在通过涂覆等方式形成第一包覆层244a时，可以借助通孔k1实现第一包覆层244a与熔断部243之间更进一步地固定，在熔断部243熔断时，可以提高第一包覆层244a包覆熔断部243的效果。如若在熔断部243熔断前，第一包覆层244a只是与熔断部243的外表面相接触，则在熔断部243熔断时，变形的第一包覆层244a可以进入通孔k1内，也可以进一步提高第一包覆层244a包覆熔断部243的效果。When the first coating layer 244a is formed by coating or the like, the first coating layer 244a and the fuse 243 can be further fixed by means of the through hole k1, and when the fuse 243 is blown, the effect of the first coating layer 244a covering the fuse 243 can be improved. If the first coating layer 244a is only in contact with the outer surface of the fuse 243 before the fuse 243 is blown, then when the fuse 243 is blown, the deformed first coating layer 244a can enter the through hole k1, and the effect of the first coating layer 244a covering the fuse 243 can be further improved.
如此，可以增加第一包覆层244a与熔断部243的接触面积和固定面积，进一步提高熔化的第一包覆层244a的包裹效果。In this way, the contact area and the fixing area between the first coating layer 244 a and the fuse portion 243 can be increased, and the wrapping effect of the melted first coating layer 244 a can be further improved.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，通孔k1包括圆形孔、方形孔、菱形孔中的至少一种。根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，通孔k1设有多个，多个通孔k1沿预设方向排列。图10和图11示意出预设方向为第三方向F3、设置有三个圆形的通孔k1的情形。可以根据实际使用情况对通孔k1的形状、数量和排列方式进行设置，本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the through hole k1 includes at least one of a circular hole, a square hole, and a diamond hole. According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, a plurality of through holes k1 are provided, and the plurality of through holes k1 are arranged along a preset direction. Figures 10 and 11 illustrate a situation where the preset direction is a third direction F3 and three circular through holes k1 are provided. The shape, quantity, and arrangement of the through holes k1 can be set according to actual usage, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this.
通过对于通孔k1形状以及通孔k1的排列方式的设计，来进一步提高受热变形的第一 包覆层244a的包裹效果。By designing the shape of the through holes k1 and the arrangement of the through holes k1, the wrapping effect of the first coating layer 244a that is deformed by heat is further improved.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请参照图12和图13，并结合参照图4，图12为本申请又一些实施例中在一个视角下的第一连接部241、第二连接部242和熔断部243的结构示意图，图13为本申请又一些实施例中图4的A-A的断面结构示意图。在第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向以及转接片24的厚度方向上，第二包覆层244b分别与第一连接部241、第二连接部242具有接触区域。位于接触区域的第一连接部241和/或位于接触区域的第二连接部242上设有定位孔k2。第二包覆层244b借助定位孔k2与设有定位孔k2的连接部相配合。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, please refer to Figures 12 and 13, and in combination with Figure 4, Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connection part 241, the second connection part 242 and the fuse part 243 at a viewing angle in some other embodiments of the present application, and Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in Figure 4 in some other embodiments of the present application. In the arrangement direction of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 and the thickness direction of the adapter 24, the second coating layer 244b has contact areas with the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242 respectively. A positioning hole k2 is provided on the first connection part 241 located in the contact area and/or the second connection part 242 located in the contact area. The second coating layer 244b cooperates with the connection part provided with the positioning hole k2 by means of the positioning hole k2.
第一连接部241和第二连接部242中的至少一者上设置有定位孔k2。例如，当第二包覆层244b设置为涂层形式时，可以借助定位孔k2实现与对应连接部的内部相连接，增加了第二包覆层244b与对应的连接部之间的接合面积，提高了第二包覆层244b与对应连接部之间的固定效果。定位孔k2可以包括圆形孔、方形孔、菱形孔中的至少一种。定位孔k2可以设置有一个、两个或者其它数量。图12和图13示意出沿转接片24的厚度方向设置定位孔k2，定位孔k2为圆形孔，且在第一连接部241上设置有两个定位孔k2、第二连接部242上设置有两个定位孔k2的情形。可以理解的是，定位孔k2的位置是与第二包覆层244b的大小相关的，可以根据实际使用情况对定位孔k2的形状、数量和排列方式进行设置，只要在上述接触区域内设置定位孔k2即可，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。A positioning hole k2 is provided on at least one of the first connection part 241 and the second connection part 242. For example, when the second coating layer 244b is set in the form of a coating, the positioning hole k2 can be used to connect with the inside of the corresponding connection part, increase the bonding area between the second coating layer 244b and the corresponding connection part, and improve the fixing effect between the second coating layer 244b and the corresponding connection part. The positioning hole k2 may include at least one of a circular hole, a square hole, and a diamond hole. The positioning hole k2 may be provided with one, two or other numbers. Figures 12 and 13 illustrate the situation where the positioning hole k2 is provided along the thickness direction of the adapter sheet 24, the positioning hole k2 is a circular hole, and two positioning holes k2 are provided on the first connection part 241 and two positioning holes k2 are provided on the second connection part 242. It can be understood that the position of the positioning hole k2 is related to the size of the second coating layer 244b, and the shape, number and arrangement of the positioning hole k2 can be set according to the actual use situation, as long as the positioning hole k2 is provided in the above-mentioned contact area, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
通过设置定位孔k2，使得第二包覆层244b可以更加牢固地与第一连接部241和/或第二连接部242相接，可以进一步提高第二包覆层244b固定于第一连接部241和/或第二连接部242的可靠性。By providing the positioning hole k2, the second coating layer 244b can be more firmly connected to the first connection part 241 and/or the second connection part 242, which can further improve the reliability of the second coating layer 244b being fixed to the first connection part 241 and/or the second connection part 242.
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请继续参照图4，并结合参照图7，在转接片24的厚度方向上，第一包覆层244a的中心线、第二包覆层244b的中心线与熔断部243的中心线彼此重合(也即是重合于图4和图7中所示意出的第一中心线c1)。根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，请继续参照图4，并结合参照图6和图7，在第一连接部241和第二连接部242的排布方向上，第一包覆层244a的中心线、第二包覆层244b的中心线与熔断部243的中心线彼此重合(也即是重合于图4、图6和图7中所示意出的第二中心线c2)。According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, please continue to refer to FIG. 4, and in combination with FIG. 7, in the thickness direction of the adapter 24, the center line of the first coating layer 244a, the center line of the second coating layer 244b, and the center line of the fuse 243 coincide with each other (that is, coincide with the first center line c1 illustrated in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7). According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, please continue to refer to FIG. 4, and in combination with FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, in the arrangement direction of the first connection portion 241 and the second connection portion 242, the center line of the first coating layer 244a, the center line of the second coating layer 244b, and the center line of the fuse 243 coincide with each other (that is, coincide with the second center line c2 illustrated in FIG. 4, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7).
由于上述涉及到的中心线之间彼此重合，使得受热变形的第一包覆层244a能够更均匀的包裹熔断的熔断部243，包覆效果更加均匀。如此，通过设置第一包覆层244a、第二包覆层244b、熔断部243之间的相对位置关系，便于在熔断部243熔断时，受热变形的第一包覆层244a能够更好地将熔断后的熔断部243包裹住，以及提高第二包覆层244b对熔断部243固定支撑的可靠性。Since the center lines mentioned above overlap with each other, the first coating layer 244a deformed by heat can more evenly wrap the melted fuse part 243, and the coating effect is more uniform. In this way, by setting the relative position relationship between the first coating layer 244a, the second coating layer 244b, and the fuse part 243, when the fuse part 243 melts, the first coating layer 244a deformed by heat can better wrap the melted fuse part 243, and improve the reliability of the second coating layer 244b fixing and supporting the fuse part 243.
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池单体20，包括极耳222、电极端子232和以上任一方案中的转接片24。其中，转接片24的第一连接部241与电极端子232 电连接，第二连接部242与极耳222相连接。如此，由于使用了上述实施例中的转接片24，提高了电池单体20的安全性能。According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a battery cell 20, comprising a tab 222, an electrode terminal 232, and a transfer sheet 24 in any of the above schemes. The first connection portion 241 of the transfer sheet 24 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 232, and the second connection portion 242 is connected to the tab 222. In this way, due to the use of the transfer sheet 24 in the above embodiment, the safety performance of the battery cell 20 is improved.
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池100，其包括电池箱体10及以上任一方案中的电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于电池箱体10内。如此，由于使用了上述实施例中的电池单体20，提高了电池的可靠性。According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a battery 100, which includes a battery case 10 and a battery cell 20 in any of the above solutions, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the battery case 10. In this way, the reliability of the battery is improved due to the use of the battery cell 20 in the above embodiments.
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，其包括以上任一方案中的电池100，电池100用于提供电能。如此，由于使用了上述实施例中的电池100，提高了用电装置的安全性能。According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides an electrical device, which includes the battery 100 in any of the above solutions, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy. In this way, due to the use of the battery 100 in the above embodiments, the safety performance of the electrical device is improved.
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池100的设备或***。The power-consuming device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图4至图7，本申请提供了一种铝制的转接片24。转接片24包括依次连接的第一连接部241、熔断部243和第二连接部242。第一连接部241、熔断部243和第二连接部242可以为一体式结构，并可以对熔断部243做墩薄处理，使熔断部243的厚度小于第一连接部241的厚度以及第二连接部242的厚度。熔断部243上设置有通孔k1。第一连接部241和第二连接部242上设有定位孔k2。转接片24还包括设置于熔断部243外的绝缘包覆结构244。绝缘包覆结构244包括第一包覆层244a和第二包覆层244b。可以先通过涂覆工艺在转接片24的熔断部243涂覆一层第一包覆层244a，再通过注塑工艺形成可以完全包覆第一包覆层244a的第二包覆层244b。在流经转接片24的电流大于预设阈值时，熔断部243受热熔断，第一包覆层244a受热处于熔融状态。由于第一包覆层244a外包覆有第二包覆层244b，第一包覆层244a可以在第二包覆层244b内部熔化流动，将熔断后的熔断部243包裹，以达到绝缘保护的作用。According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIGS. 4 to 7 , the present application provides an aluminum adapter 24. The adapter 24 includes a first connection portion 241, a fuse portion 243, and a second connection portion 242 connected in sequence. The first connection portion 241, the fuse portion 243, and the second connection portion 242 can be an integrated structure, and the fuse portion 243 can be thinned so that the thickness of the fuse portion 243 is less than the thickness of the first connection portion 241 and the thickness of the second connection portion 242. A through hole k1 is provided on the fuse portion 243. Positioning holes k2 are provided on the first connection portion 241 and the second connection portion 242. The adapter 24 also includes an insulating coating structure 244 disposed outside the fuse portion 243. The insulating coating structure 244 includes a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b. A first coating layer 244a can be coated on the fuse part 243 of the adapter 24 by a coating process, and then a second coating layer 244b that can completely cover the first coating layer 244a can be formed by an injection molding process. When the current flowing through the adapter 24 is greater than a preset threshold, the fuse part 243 is melted by heat, and the first coating layer 244a is heated to a molten state. Since the first coating layer 244a is coated with the second coating layer 244b, the first coating layer 244a can melt and flow inside the second coating layer 244b to wrap the melted fuse part 243 to achieve the effect of insulation protection.
综上所述，本申请实施例根据熔断部243熔断时的特点，在熔断部243外依次包覆设置第一包覆层244a和第二包覆层244b。在熔断部243熔断时，瞬间产生的高温使得第一包覆层244a可以在第二包覆层244b内部受热变形，将熔断后的熔断部243包裹，以达到绝缘保护的作用。而第二包覆层244b包裹于熔断部243外，可以为熔断后的转接片24提供固定支撑的作用，避免电池内的电解液接触熔断部243。由此，提高了电池的使用安全性能。In summary, according to the characteristics of the fuse 243 when it is blown, the embodiment of the present application sequentially coats the fuse 243 with a first coating layer 244a and a second coating layer 244b. When the fuse 243 is blown, the high temperature generated instantly causes the first coating layer 244a to be deformed by heat inside the second coating layer 244b, and wraps the fuse 243 after it is blown, so as to achieve the effect of insulation protection. The second coating layer 244b is wrapped outside the fuse 243, and can provide a fixed support for the adapter 24 after it is blown, so as to prevent the electrolyte in the battery from contacting the fuse 243. As a result, the safety performance of the battery is improved.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims (19)

  1. 一种转接片，用于电池单体，其中，所述转接片包括：A switching piece, used for a battery cell, wherein the switching piece comprises:
    第一连接部，用于与所述电池单体的电极端子电连接；A first connection portion, used to electrically connect to an electrode terminal of the battery cell;
    第二连接部，用于与所述电池单体的极耳电连接；A second connection portion, used to electrically connect to the tab of the battery cell;
    熔断部，连接于所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部之间；及a fuse portion connected between the first connection portion and the second connection portion; and
    绝缘包覆结构，包括依次包覆于所述熔断部外的第一包覆层和第二包覆层；An insulating coating structure, comprising a first coating layer and a second coating layer sequentially coating the fuse portion;
    其中，所述第二包覆层的熔点大于所述第一包覆层的熔点，所述第二包覆层构造为完全包覆所述第一包覆层；Wherein, the melting point of the second coating layer is greater than the melting point of the first coating layer, and the second coating layer is configured to completely cover the first coating layer;
    在流经所述转接片的电流大于预设阈值时，所述熔断部受热熔断，所述第一包覆层受热变形。When the current flowing through the adapter is greater than a preset threshold, the fuse portion is melted by heat, and the first coating layer is deformed by heat.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转接片，其中，沿所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部的排布方向，所述第二包覆层的外轮廓与所述第一包覆层的外轮廓之间的距离大于等于1毫米。The adapter sheet according to claim 1, wherein, along the arrangement direction of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, the distance between the outer contour of the second coating layer and the outer contour of the first coating layer is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的转接片，其中，沿所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部的排布方向，所述第一包覆层的外轮廓与所述熔断部的外轮廓之间的距离大于等于2毫米。The adapter according to claim 1, wherein, along the arrangement direction of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, the distance between the outer contour of the first coating layer and the outer contour of the fuse portion is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的转接片，其中，所述转接片具有沿所述转接片的厚度方向上相对的第一侧和第二侧；The adapter sheet according to claim 1, wherein the adapter sheet has a first side and a second side opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the adapter sheet;
    其中，在所述转接片的厚度方向上，位于所述第一侧的所述第一包覆层的尺寸与位于所述第一侧的所述第二包覆层的尺寸的比值大于等于1；和/或Wherein, in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the ratio of the size of the first cladding layer located on the first side to the size of the second cladding layer located on the first side is greater than or equal to 1; and/or
    在所述转接片的厚度方向上，位于所述第二侧的所述第一包覆层的尺寸与位于所述第二侧的所述第二包覆层的尺寸的比值大于等于1。In the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, a ratio of a size of the first cladding layer located on the second side to a size of the second cladding layer located on the second side is greater than or equal to 1.
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，所述第一包覆层的材料包括聚乙烯、氧化聚乙烯、聚乙烯醇类共聚物中的至少一种。The adapter sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the material of the first coating layer includes at least one of polyethylene, oxidized polyethylene, and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers.
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，所述第二包覆层的材料包括陶瓷材料、聚酰亚胺、氟橡胶中的至少一种。The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the material of the second coating layer includes at least one of a ceramic material, polyimide, and fluororubber.
  7. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，所述第一包覆层的熔点为T1，所述第二包覆层的熔点为T2；The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the melting point of the first coating layer is T1, and the melting point of the second coating layer is T2;
    T2与T1的比值大于等于3。The ratio of T2 to T1 is greater than or equal to 3.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的转接片，其中，T1为90℃至130℃，T2大于等于600℃。The adapter according to claim 7, wherein T1 is 90°C to 130°C, and T2 is greater than or equal to 600°C.
  9. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，在所述转接片的厚度方向上，所述熔断部的尺寸小于所述第一连接部的尺寸以及所述第二连接部的尺寸。The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, in the thickness direction of the adapter, the size of the fuse portion is smaller than the size of the first connecting portion and the size of the second connecting portion.
  10. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，在所述转接片的宽度方向上，所述熔断部的尺寸小于所述第一连接部的尺寸以及所述第二连接部的尺寸；The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, in the width direction of the adapter, the size of the fuse portion is smaller than the size of the first connecting portion and the size of the second connecting portion;
    所述转接片的宽度方向、所述转接片的厚度方向，以及所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部的排布方向彼此相互垂直。A width direction of the adapter sheet, a thickness direction of the adapter sheet, and an arrangement direction of the first connection portion and the second connection portion are perpendicular to each other.
  11. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，所述熔断部上设有通孔。The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fuse portion is provided with a through hole.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的转接片，其中，所述通孔包括圆形孔、方形孔、菱形孔中的至少一种。The adapter according to claim 11, wherein the through hole comprises at least one of a circular hole, a square hole, and a diamond hole.
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的转接片，其中，所述通孔设有多个，多个所述通孔沿预设方向排列。The adapter according to claim 11, wherein the through hole is provided in plurality, and the plurality of through holes are arranged along a preset direction.
  14. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，在所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部的排布方向以及所述转接片的厚度方向上，所述第二包覆层分别与所述第一连接部、所述第二连接部具有接触区域；The adapter sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the arrangement direction of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion and in the thickness direction of the adapter sheet, the second coating layer has a contact area with the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion respectively;
    位于所述接触区域的所述第一连接部和/或位于所述接触区域的所述第二连接部上设有定位孔；A positioning hole is provided on the first connecting portion located in the contact area and/or the second connecting portion located in the contact area;
    所述第二包覆层借助所述定位孔与设有所述定位孔的连接部相配合。The second coating layer cooperates with the connecting portion provided with the positioning hole by means of the positioning hole.
  15. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，在所述转接片的厚度方向上，所述第一包覆层的中心线、所述第二包覆层的中心线与所述熔断部的中心线彼此重合。The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, in the thickness direction of the adapter, the center line of the first coating layer, the center line of the second coating layer and the center line of the fuse portion coincide with each other.
  16. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的转接片，其中，在所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部的排布方向上，所述第一包覆层的中心线、所述第二包覆层的中心线与所述熔断部的中心线彼此重合。The adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the arrangement direction of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, the center line of the first coating layer, the center line of the second coating layer and the center line of the fuse portion coincide with each other.
  17. 一种电池单体，其中，包括极耳、电极端子和如权利要求1-16中任一项所述的转接片；A battery cell, comprising a tab, an electrode terminal and a switching piece as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16;
    其中，所述转接片的所述第一连接部与所述电极端子电连接，所述第二连接部与所述极耳相连接。The first connection portion of the adapter is electrically connected to the electrode terminal, and the second connection portion is connected to the electrode tab.
  18. 一种电池，其中，包括：A battery, comprising:
    电池箱体；及Battery cases; and
    如权利要求17所述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述电池箱体内。The battery cell according to claim 17, wherein the battery cell is accommodated in the battery case.
  19. 一种用电装置，其中，包括如权利要求18所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。An electrical device, comprising the battery as claimed in claim 18, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
PCT/CN2022/137865 2022-09-26 2022-12-09 Adapter sheet, battery cell, battery, and electrical apparatus WO2024066054A1 (en)

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