WO2024060502A1 - Preparation method for polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance - Google Patents

Preparation method for polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024060502A1
WO2024060502A1 PCT/CN2023/076472 CN2023076472W WO2024060502A1 WO 2024060502 A1 WO2024060502 A1 WO 2024060502A1 CN 2023076472 W CN2023076472 W CN 2023076472W WO 2024060502 A1 WO2024060502 A1 WO 2024060502A1
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Prior art keywords
polylactic acid
component
raw material
filter rod
core
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PCT/CN2023/076472
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
岳保山
王涛
沈艳飞
谢姣
郑晗
王浩
桂永发
张静
丁海燕
程量
丁卫
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云南中烟工业有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2024060502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024060502A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
    • A24D3/063—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features of the fibers
    • A24D3/065—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features of the fibers with sheath/core of bi-component type structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
    • A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of cigarette preparation.
  • the present invention relates to a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance.
  • Polylactic acid is produced from lactic acid by fermentation of starch from renewable plant resources, and then prepared into polymer materials through chemical synthesis. It has good recyclability and biodegradability, and has the following characteristics: 1. Using renewable plant resources (corn, wheat, sugar beets, rice, potatoes, potatoes, etc.) and organic waste (corn cobs or roots, stems, leaves, skins, etc. of other crops) as raw materials, we get rid of the need for wood and petroleum resources. 2. It can be completely biodegraded and will naturally decompose into water and carbon dioxide after a certain period of time in the natural environment, without causing environmental pollution.
  • renewable plant resources corn, wheat, sugar beets, rice, potatoes, potatoes, etc.
  • organic waste corn cobs or roots, stems, leaves, skins, etc. of other crops
  • the generated carbon dioxide can be reused through plant photosynthesis and become a
  • the eternal, closed carbon cycle system is a veritable "green material"; 3. Compared with the three major synthetic fibers of polyester, nylon, and acrylic fiber, the energy consumption of producing polylactic acid fiber is low, and it is a relatively low resource and environmental load Polymer material; 4. It has good processing performance and can use the melt spinning method of general thermoplastic resin to produce tows.
  • polylactic acid fiber has been developed for use in tobacco tow and other fields.
  • polylactic acid for clothing The fiber must meet the requirements for fiber spinning, weaving, fabric printing and dyeing, washing, and ironing. It must have high crystallinity, orientation, and mechanical strength. It must be able to withstand temperatures of 80 to 100°C. It must not be soluble in detergent aqueous solutions and dry cleaning solvents. Dissolution and non-swelling require a certain degree of hygroscopicity, and at the same time, the less adsorption of other gaseous substances in the surrounding environment, the better.
  • the filter rod rolled from it is non-toxic, tasteless and safe; (2) The tow has good stability and can meet the needs of filter rod forming equipment and Process requirements; (3) It has appropriate rigidity and curling properties, so that it has good elasticity and looseness. With a small amount of tow filling, by adding plasticizer or adhesive, the filter rod can It meets certain hardness, suction resistance and appearance quality requirements, and has a high rod extraction rate; (4) It has sufficient heat resistance, and the filter tip does not collapse or deform during cigarette smoking; (5) It is harmful to smoke The ingredients have high filtration efficiency; (6) It does not affect the sensory quality of cigarettes. Therefore, special spinning and post-processing technology must be developed to meet the requirements for cigarette use.
  • Chinese patent invention patent CN111789285A provides a method for preparing polylactic acid cooling modified tow filter rods.
  • Polylactic acid masterbatch, SEBS and PP are evenly mixed and then subjected to online melt polymerization at a temperature of 140°C to 200°C through screw extrusion. After extrusion, the polylactic acid tow is obtained by cooling and melt spinning, and is drawn, crimped, dried and shaped.
  • the filter rod is formed on a conventional filter rod machine.
  • the polylactic acid cooling modified tow filter rod prepared by the above invention has a higher melting point than the traditional polylactic acid tow filter rod, and its heat resistance is greatly improved.
  • the above filter rod preparation method still has the following problems: the melting point and crystallinity of PLA are related to the molecular weight of the polymer and the L-lactic acid monomer content; when the crystallinity of polylactic acid is high, the temperature resistance is better, but when the crystallinity is high, it is easy to form nodes.
  • the tow is formed into a filter rod, the nodes are randomly distributed in different positions of the tow.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance, which is simple and convenient.
  • a multi-layer structure of skin-core polylactic acid fiber can be obtained, which can improve
  • the uniformity of its inner layer structure, that is, the crystallization distribution in the polylactic acid fiber is more uniform, which reduces the generation of nodes and avoids damage to the cutter during high-speed cutting.
  • the polylactic acid fiber filter rod produced is stable in cutting and has a multi-layer structure.
  • the sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
  • a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance including the following steps:
  • S1 Obtain a variety of polylactic acid raw materials and obtain the L-isomer content in each polylactic acid raw material; select at least two qualified polylactic acid raw materials with L-isomer content within a predetermined range;
  • step S2 Select the qualified polylactic acid raw material with the highest L-isomer content in step S1 as the first component raw material.
  • crystallization is induced by drafting stress to obtain the core component; select the core component in step S1.
  • the qualified polylactic acid raw material with the lowest L-isomer content is used as the second component raw material, and triacetin is added to the second component raw material to obtain the skin component;
  • each qualified polylactic acid raw material except the qualified polylactic acid raw material in step S2 is processed separately to obtain the transition component;
  • the transition component is disposed between the core component and the skin component to form a multi-layer structure of sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow.
  • each qualified polylactic acid raw material is processed separately to obtain multiple transition components;
  • the transition component When the transition component is arranged between the core component and the skin component, specifically: the transition component with low L-isomer content is wrapped around the transition component with high L-isomer content.
  • the core component and the skin component are mixed according to a preset ratio.
  • the composition ratio range of the core component and the skin component is between 33:67 and 37:63. between.
  • a dispersant is added to the first component raw material.
  • a nucleating agent is added to the first component raw material and the second component raw material respectively.
  • the percentage of the nucleating agent added in the first component raw material to the entire first component raw material is not lower than the percentage of the nucleating agent added to the second component raw material to the entire second component raw material. value;
  • the difference between the percentage of the nucleating agent added in the first component of the raw material to the entire first component of the raw material and the percentage of the nucleating agent added to the second component of the raw material to the entire second component of the raw material does not exceed 5%.
  • step S2 when performing step S2, before the first component raw material crystallizes to obtain the core component, ensure that the first component raw material is evenly dispersed;
  • step S2 when performing step S2, before adding triacetin to the second component raw material to obtain the skin component, ensure that the second component raw material is evenly dispersed.
  • nucleating agents are provided in multiple transition components, and the proportion of nucleating agents in the transition components with low levorotatory body content is lower than that in the transition components with high levorotatory body content.
  • an alloy knife is used to cut the polylactic acid filter rod.
  • the beneficial effect of the preparation method of a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance is that it is simple and convenient.
  • a multi-layer structure of skin-core polylactic acid fiber is obtained, and its internal content is improved.
  • the uniformity of the layer structure that is, the crystallization distribution in the polylactic acid fiber is more uniform, which reduces the generation of nodes and avoids damage to the cutter during high-speed cutting.
  • the polylactic acid fiber filter rod produced is stable in cutting and has a multi-layer structure of the core.
  • the polylactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance of the present invention.
  • Example 1 As shown in Figure 1, a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance includes the following steps:
  • S1 Obtain a variety of polylactic acid raw materials and obtain the L-isomer content in each polylactic acid raw material; select at least two qualified polylactic acid raw materials with L-isomer content within a predetermined range;
  • cigarette factories generally have multiple corresponding polylactic acid raw material suppliers.
  • the polylactic acid raw materials supplied by each supplier will have different properties due to their different origins, batches, and preparation processes.
  • each polylactic acid raw material arrives, its L-isomer content is measured, and at least two qualified polylactic acid raw materials within a predetermined range are selected; generally, polylactic acid raw materials with a L-isomer content of more than 90% are selected.
  • step S2 Select the qualified polylactic acid raw material with the highest L-isomer content in step S1 as the first component raw material.
  • the core component is obtained by inducing crystallization through drafting stress;
  • the L-isomer content in the first component raw material ranges from 95% to 98%.
  • the first component raw material is a polylactic acid raw material with a L-isomer content of 97%. With such a high content of L-isomer, the first component The melting point of the raw material will also be higher.
  • low-temperature crystallization is induced by drafting stress.
  • the crystallinity of the drawn filament bundle is improved, and the thermal stability of the filament bundle size is improved, which can better curl and shape, ensuring
  • the tow has appropriate rigidity and crimping properties, good elasticity and opening properties, low heat shrinkage properties, and good heat resistance.
  • step S1 selecting the qualified product with the lowest content of the left-handed isomer in step S1 as the second component raw material, adding triacetin to the second component raw material to obtain the cortex component;
  • the L-isomer content in the second component raw material ranges from 91% to 93%.
  • the second component raw material is a polylactic acid raw material with a L-isomer content of 91%, and triacetin needs to be added to the second component raw material. , under the action of triacetin, the tows swell and bond, and can finally be combined with the core component obtained from the first component raw material to obtain a well-bonded polylactic acid tow with a sheath-core structure.
  • each polylactic acid fiber tow is a sheath-core structure tow.
  • the impurities are removed by melting and extruding through the screw extruder to the filter, and then spun out through a trilobal spinneret at a certain spinning temperature.
  • a process air-conditioning device is used to cool the newly spun filament bundles, and the oil is applied Cover the surface of the tow to improve the post-processing performance.
  • the tow is wound at a suitable winding speed and temporarily stored in a silk barrel; in the post-spinning process, the primary fibers spun out of the pre-spinning process are bundled at a certain After being drafted in a water bath at high temperature, it enters the crimping machine and is crimped to achieve the required linear density, crimp number and other indicators.
  • a dispersant is added to the first component raw material. Adding the dispersant can make it difficult for large nodes to form in the highly crystalline polylactic acid fiber tows, reduce the occurrence of nodes, and facilitate the process. Divide.
  • step S2 when performing step S2, a nucleating agent is added to the first component raw material and the second component raw material respectively, so that the polylactic acid fiber tows in the core component and the skin component have higher crystallinity, that is, heat resistance Sex is better.
  • the percentage value of the nucleating agent added in the first component raw material to the entire first component raw material is not less than the percentage value of the nucleating agent added to the second component raw material to the entire second component raw material;
  • the difference between the percentage of the nucleating agent added in the first component of the raw material to the entire first component of the raw material and the percentage of the nucleating agent added to the second component of the raw material to the entire second component of the raw material does not exceed 5%.
  • Such a multi-layer structure of the sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
  • step S2 ensure that the first component raw material is evenly dispersed before the first component raw material is crystallized to obtain the core component
  • step S2 when performing step S2, before adding triacetin to the second component raw material to obtain the skin component, ensure that the second component raw material is evenly dispersed.
  • the core component and the skin component are mixed according to a preset ratio, and the composition ratio range of the core component and the skin component is between 33:67 and 37:63.
  • the present invention is a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance. It is simple and convenient. By controlling the proportion and preparation of polylactic acid raw materials, a multi-layered skin-core polylactic acid fiber is obtained and its inner layer structure is improved.
  • the uniformity of the polylactic acid fiber means that the crystallization distribution in the polylactic acid fiber is more uniform, which reduces the generation of nodes and avoids damage to the cutter during high-speed cutting.
  • the polylactic acid fiber filter rod produced is stable in cutting, and the multi-layer structure of the skin-core type polylactic acid fiber filter rod.
  • the lactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
  • Embodiment 2 Still as shown in Figure 1, it is only one of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 in the preparation method of a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance of the present invention, When there are no less than three types of qualified polylactic acid raw materials,
  • each qualified polylactic acid raw material except the qualified polylactic acid raw material in step S2 is processed separately to obtain a transition component
  • the transition component is disposed between the core component and the skin component to form a multi-layer structure of sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow.
  • each qualified polylactic acid raw material is processed separately to obtain multiple transition components;
  • the transition component When the transition component is arranged between the core component and the skin component, specifically: the transition component with low L-isomer content is wrapped around the transition component with high L-isomer content.
  • nucleating agents are provided in multiple transition components, and the proportion of nucleating agents in the transition components with low L-isomer content is lower than that in the transition components with high L-isomer content.
  • step S4 use an alloy knife to cut the polylactic acid filter rod.
  • the present invention is a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance. It is simple and convenient. By controlling the proportion and preparation of polylactic acid raw materials, a multi-layered skin-core polylactic acid fiber is obtained and its inner layer structure is improved.
  • the uniformity of the polylactic acid fiber means that the crystallization distribution in the polylactic acid fiber is more uniform, reducing the occurrence of nodes and avoiding damage to the cutter during high-speed cutting.
  • the polylactic acid fiber filter rod produced is stable in cutting, and the multi-layer structure of the skin-core polyester
  • the lactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

A preparation method for a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance, which relates to the technical field of cigarette preparation. The method comprises the following steps: selecting at least two kinds of up-to-standard polylactic acid raw materials having the content of a levo-isomer being within a predetermined range; selecting an up-to-standard polylactic acid raw material having the highest content of the levo-isomer to prepare a core component; selecting an up-to-standard polylactic acid raw material having the lowest content of the levo-isomer to prepare a sheath component; coating an outer side of the core component with the sheath component to form sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tows; and carrying out forming on a plurality of sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tows to prepare a polylactic acid filter rod. The present invention is simple and convenient. By means of controlling the proportions and preparation of polylactic acid raw materials, so as to obtain sheath-core polylactic acid fibers of a multi-layer structure and improve the uniformity of an inner-layer structure thereof, the prepared polylactic acid fiber filter rod is stable to cut. The crystallinity and the temperature resistance gradually change from inside to outside in the tows, such that the whole filter rod has better temperature resistance, and the filter performance of the polylactic acid tows is improved.

Description

一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法Preparation method of polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance 技术领域Technical field
 本发明涉及烟支制备技术领域，尤其是，本发明涉及一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of cigarette preparation. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance.
背景技术Background technique
 聚乳酸（poly lactic acid，PLA）是由可再生植物资源中的淀粉发酵制取乳酸，而后经化学合成制备成高分子材料，具有良好的循环再生性和生物降解性，具有以下特点：1、以可再生的植物资源（玉米、小麦、甜菜、大米、土豆、山芋等）以及有机废弃物（玉米芯或其它农作物的根、茎、叶、皮等）为原料，摆脱了对木材和石油资源的依赖，符合可持续发展的要求；2、能够完全生物降解，在自然环境中经过一定时间会自然分解为水和二氧化碳，不造成环境污染，产生的二氧化碳通过植物光合作用得到重新利用，成为一个永恒的、封闭的碳循环***，是名副其实的“绿色材料”；3、与涤纶、锦纶、腈纶三大合成纤维相比，生产聚乳酸纤维的能源消耗较低，是一种相对低资源环境负荷的高分子材料；4、具有良好的加工性能，可采用一般热塑性树脂的熔融纺丝方法生产丝束。Polylactic acid (PLA) is produced from lactic acid by fermentation of starch from renewable plant resources, and then prepared into polymer materials through chemical synthesis. It has good recyclability and biodegradability, and has the following characteristics: 1. Using renewable plant resources (corn, wheat, sugar beets, rice, potatoes, potatoes, etc.) and organic waste (corn cobs or roots, stems, leaves, skins, etc. of other crops) as raw materials, we get rid of the need for wood and petroleum resources. 2. It can be completely biodegraded and will naturally decompose into water and carbon dioxide after a certain period of time in the natural environment, without causing environmental pollution. The generated carbon dioxide can be reused through plant photosynthesis and become a The eternal, closed carbon cycle system is a veritable "green material"; 3. Compared with the three major synthetic fibers of polyester, nylon, and acrylic fiber, the energy consumption of producing polylactic acid fiber is low, and it is a relatively low resource and environmental load Polymer material; 4. It has good processing performance and can use the melt spinning method of general thermoplastic resin to produce tows.
 目前，聚乳酸纤维已经被开发出用于烟用丝束等领域，但是烟用丝束用聚乳酸纤维和常规的服装用聚乳酸丝束在性能要求上存在很大差别，如服装用聚乳酸纤维必须满足纤维纺制、编织和织物印染、洗涤、熨烫的要求，必须有很高的结晶度、取向度和机械强度，能耐温80～100℃，必须在洗涤剂水溶液和干洗溶剂中不溶解、不溶胀，需要一定的吸湿性，同时对周围环境中的其它气体物质吸附越少越好。但是作为烟用丝束，则需要满足以下要求：（1）由它卷制而成的滤棒无毒、无味、安全性好；（2）丝束稳定性好，能满足滤棒成型设备和工艺要求；（3）具有适宜的刚性和卷曲性能，使之具有良好的弹性和开松性，在较少丝束填充量的情况下，通过添加增塑剂或胶黏剂后，滤棒能满足一定的硬度、吸阻和外观质量要求，有较高的出棒率；（4）具备足够的耐热性，卷烟抽吸过程中，滤嘴不塌陷、变形；（5）对烟气有害成分具有较高的过滤效率；（6）不影响卷烟感官质量。因此，必须开发专用的纺丝及后处理工艺技术，才能满足烟用要求。At present, polylactic acid fiber has been developed for use in tobacco tow and other fields. However, there is a big difference in performance requirements between polylactic acid fiber for tobacco tow and conventional polylactic acid tow for clothing. For example, polylactic acid for clothing The fiber must meet the requirements for fiber spinning, weaving, fabric printing and dyeing, washing, and ironing. It must have high crystallinity, orientation, and mechanical strength. It must be able to withstand temperatures of 80 to 100°C. It must not be soluble in detergent aqueous solutions and dry cleaning solvents. Dissolution and non-swelling require a certain degree of hygroscopicity, and at the same time, the less adsorption of other gaseous substances in the surrounding environment, the better. However, as a tow for cigarettes, it needs to meet the following requirements: (1) The filter rod rolled from it is non-toxic, tasteless and safe; (2) The tow has good stability and can meet the needs of filter rod forming equipment and Process requirements; (3) It has appropriate rigidity and curling properties, so that it has good elasticity and looseness. With a small amount of tow filling, by adding plasticizer or adhesive, the filter rod can It meets certain hardness, suction resistance and appearance quality requirements, and has a high rod extraction rate; (4) It has sufficient heat resistance, and the filter tip does not collapse or deform during cigarette smoking; (5) It is harmful to smoke The ingredients have high filtration efficiency; (6) It does not affect the sensory quality of cigarettes. Therefore, special spinning and post-processing technology must be developed to meet the requirements for cigarette use.
 例如中国专利发明专利CN111789285A提供一种聚乳酸降温改性丝束滤棒的制备方法，由聚乳酸母粒、SEBS及PP混合均匀后在140℃至200℃温度下在线熔融聚合反应通过螺杆螺旋挤压挤出后冷却熔融纺丝，经过牵伸、卷曲、烘干定型制得聚乳酸丝束，在常规的滤棒机上进行滤棒成型制备而成。上述发明制备的聚乳酸降温改性丝束滤棒比传统的聚乳酸丝束滤棒熔点高，耐热性极大的提高，在加热不燃烧烟草制品中避免了缩头的现象，同时对烟气温度有显著的降低作用，解决了加热不燃烧烟草制品烟气温度高，热刺感强，抽吸舒适性差的难题，适合于工业化生产。For example, Chinese patent invention patent CN111789285A provides a method for preparing polylactic acid cooling modified tow filter rods. Polylactic acid masterbatch, SEBS and PP are evenly mixed and then subjected to online melt polymerization at a temperature of 140°C to 200°C through screw extrusion. After extrusion, the polylactic acid tow is obtained by cooling and melt spinning, and is drawn, crimped, dried and shaped. The filter rod is formed on a conventional filter rod machine. The polylactic acid cooling modified tow filter rod prepared by the above invention has a higher melting point than the traditional polylactic acid tow filter rod, and its heat resistance is greatly improved. It avoids the phenomenon of head shrinkage in heat-not-burn tobacco products, and at the same time has a good effect on cigarette smoke. It has a significant reduction effect on the air temperature and solves the problems of high smoke temperature, strong tingling sensation and poor smoking comfort of heat-not-burn tobacco products, and is suitable for industrial production.
 但是上述滤棒制备方法依然存在以下问题：PLA的熔点和结晶度与聚合物的分子量和左旋乳酸单体含量相关；聚乳酸结晶度高时，耐温性较好，但结晶度高时，容易形成结点。在丝束成型为滤棒时，结点随机分布在丝束不同位置，在滤棒卷接分切时，由于滤棒高速运动，由于结点与丝束在切刀受力时的差异，容易造成刀片的豁口甚至断裂，造成卷接机的频繁停机，滤棒横切面不平整，滤棒变形，圆度指标不合；另一方面，由于丝束结晶点较多，滤棒丝束比表面积也有影响，对滤棒过滤效率及香气物质的影响较大，从而造成卷烟感官质量造成较大的影响。However, the above filter rod preparation method still has the following problems: the melting point and crystallinity of PLA are related to the molecular weight of the polymer and the L-lactic acid monomer content; when the crystallinity of polylactic acid is high, the temperature resistance is better, but when the crystallinity is high, it is easy to form nodes. When the tow is formed into a filter rod, the nodes are randomly distributed in different positions of the tow. When the filter rod is rolled and cut, due to the high-speed movement of the filter rod, due to the difference between the nodes and the tow when the cutter is stressed, it is easy to This causes gaps or even breakage of the blade, resulting in frequent shutdowns of the winding machine, uneven cross-section of the filter rod, deformation of the filter rod, and inconsistent roundness indicators; on the other hand, due to the large number of crystallization points in the tow, the specific surface area of the filter rod tow is also limited. It has a greater impact on the filter rod filtration efficiency and aroma substances, thus causing a greater impact on the sensory quality of cigarettes.
 因此为了解决上述问题，设计一种合理的耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法对我们来说是很有必要的。Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary for us to design a reasonable preparation method for polylactic acid fiber filter rods with good temperature resistance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
 本发明的目的在于提供一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其简单方便，通过对聚乳酸原料的比例和制备控制，得到多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维，提高其内层结构的均匀性，即聚乳酸纤维中结晶分布更均匀，减少结点的产生，避免在高速切割中造成切刀的损坏，制得的聚乳酸纤维滤棒切割稳定，多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束中，由内到外具有结晶度渐变，耐温性渐变，使得整个滤棒耐温性能更好，提高了聚乳酸丝束的过滤性能。The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance, which is simple and convenient. By controlling the proportion and preparation of polylactic acid raw materials, a multi-layer structure of skin-core polylactic acid fiber can be obtained, which can improve The uniformity of its inner layer structure, that is, the crystallization distribution in the polylactic acid fiber is more uniform, which reduces the generation of nodes and avoids damage to the cutter during high-speed cutting. The polylactic acid fiber filter rod produced is stable in cutting and has a multi-layer structure. The sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
 为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案得以实现的：In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance, including the following steps:
S1：获取多种聚乳酸原料，并获取每一种聚乳酸原料中的左旋体含量；选取至少两种左旋体含量在预定范围内的合格聚乳酸原料；S1: Obtain a variety of polylactic acid raw materials and obtain the L-isomer content in each polylactic acid raw material; select at least two qualified polylactic acid raw materials with L-isomer content within a predetermined range;
S2：选取步骤S1中左旋体含量最高的合格聚乳酸原料，作为第一组分原料，在第一组分原料进行纺丝时通过牵伸应力诱导结晶，得到芯线组分；选取步骤S1中左旋体含量最低的合格聚乳酸原料，作为第二组分原料，在第二组分原料中添加三乙酸甘油酯，得到皮层组分；S2: Select the qualified polylactic acid raw material with the highest L-isomer content in step S1 as the first component raw material. During the spinning of the first component raw material, crystallization is induced by drafting stress to obtain the core component; select the core component in step S1. The qualified polylactic acid raw material with the lowest L-isomer content is used as the second component raw material, and triacetin is added to the second component raw material to obtain the skin component;
S3：将芯线组分和皮层组分按照预设比例进行配合，使得皮层组分包覆于芯线组分外侧，形成皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束；S3: Match the core component and the skin component according to the preset proportion, so that the skin component is wrapped around the outside of the core component to form a skin-core polylactic acid fiber tow;
S4：将多根皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束进行复合成型，得到聚乳酸滤棒。S4: Composite molding of multiple sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tows to obtain a polylactic acid filter rod.
 作为本发明的优选，在合格聚乳酸原料种类不小于三种时，As a preferred option of the present invention, when there are no less than three types of qualified polylactic acid raw materials,
执行步骤S3之前，将除步骤S2中的合格聚乳酸原料以外的每一个合格聚乳酸原料进行单独加工得到过渡组分；Before executing step S3, each qualified polylactic acid raw material except the qualified polylactic acid raw material in step S2 is processed separately to obtain the transition component;
执行步骤S3时，过渡组分设置于芯线组分和皮层组分之间，形成多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束。When performing step S3, the transition component is disposed between the core component and the skin component to form a multi-layer structure of sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow.
 作为本发明的优选，其他合格聚乳酸原料种类不小于两种时，As a preferred option of the present invention, when there are no less than two types of other qualified polylactic acid raw materials,
其他合格聚乳酸原料进行加工得到过渡组分时，具体为：对每一个合格聚乳酸原料进行单独加工得到多个过渡组分；When other qualified polylactic acid raw materials are processed to obtain transition components, the specific steps are: each qualified polylactic acid raw material is processed separately to obtain multiple transition components;
过渡组分设置于芯线组分和皮层组分之间时，具体为：左旋体含量低的过渡组分包覆于左旋体含量高的过渡组分外侧。When the transition component is arranged between the core component and the skin component, specifically: the transition component with low L-isomer content is wrapped around the transition component with high L-isomer content.
 作为本发明的优选，执行步骤S3时，将芯线组分和皮层组分按照预设比例进行混合, 所述芯线组分和皮层组分的组成比例范围为33:67至37:63之间。As a preferred option of the present invention, when performing step S3, the core component and the skin component are mixed according to a preset ratio. The composition ratio range of the core component and the skin component is between 33:67 and 37:63. between.
 作为本发明的优选，执行步骤S2时，在第一组分原料添加分散剂。As a preferred method of the present invention, when performing step S2, a dispersant is added to the first component raw material.
 作为本发明的优选，执行步骤S2时，分别在第一组分原料和第二组分原料中添加成核剂。As a preference of the present invention, when performing step S2, a nucleating agent is added to the first component raw material and the second component raw material respectively.
 作为本发明的优选，第一组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第一组分原料的百分比值不低于第二组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第二组分原料的百分比值；As a preference of the present invention, the percentage of the nucleating agent added in the first component raw material to the entire first component raw material is not lower than the percentage of the nucleating agent added to the second component raw material to the entire second component raw material. value;
且第一组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第一组分原料的百分比值与第二组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第二组分原料的百分比值之差不超过5%。And the difference between the percentage of the nucleating agent added in the first component of the raw material to the entire first component of the raw material and the percentage of the nucleating agent added to the second component of the raw material to the entire second component of the raw material does not exceed 5%. .
 作为本发明的优选，执行步骤S2时，在第一组分原料结晶得到芯线组分之前，确保第一组分原料分散均匀；As a preferred option of the present invention, when performing step S2, before the first component raw material crystallizes to obtain the core component, ensure that the first component raw material is evenly dispersed;
执行步骤S2时，在第二组分原料添加三乙酸甘油酯得到皮层组分之前，确保第二组分原料分散均匀。When performing step S2, before adding triacetin to the second component raw material to obtain the skin component, ensure that the second component raw material is evenly dispersed.
 作为本发明的优选，多个过渡组分中均设置有成核剂，且左旋体含量低的过渡组分中的成核剂比例低于左旋体含量高的过渡组分中的成核剂比例。As a preference of the present invention, nucleating agents are provided in multiple transition components, and the proportion of nucleating agents in the transition components with low levorotatory body content is lower than that in the transition components with high levorotatory body content. .
 作为本发明的优选，执行步骤S4之后，采用合金刀对聚乳酸滤棒进行分切。As a preferred option of the present invention, after performing step S4, an alloy knife is used to cut the polylactic acid filter rod.
 本发明一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法有益效果在于：简单方便，通过对聚乳酸原料的比例和制备控制，得到多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维，提高其内层结构的均匀性，即聚乳酸纤维中结晶分布更均匀，减少结点的产生，避免在高速切割中造成切刀的损坏，制得的聚乳酸纤维滤棒切割稳定，多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束中，由内到外具有结晶度渐变，耐温性渐变，使得整个滤棒耐温性能更好，提高了聚乳酸丝束的过滤性能。The beneficial effect of the preparation method of a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance is that it is simple and convenient. By controlling the proportion and preparation of polylactic acid raw materials, a multi-layer structure of skin-core polylactic acid fiber is obtained, and its internal content is improved. The uniformity of the layer structure, that is, the crystallization distribution in the polylactic acid fiber is more uniform, which reduces the generation of nodes and avoids damage to the cutter during high-speed cutting. The polylactic acid fiber filter rod produced is stable in cutting and has a multi-layer structure of the core. The polylactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
附图说明Description of drawings
 图1为本发明一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法的流程示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance of the present invention.
实施方式Implementation
 以下是本发明的具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。The following are specific embodiments of the present invention to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
 现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的模块和结构的相对布置不限制本发明的范围。Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of modules and structures set forth in these embodiments does not limit the scope of the invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
 以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application or uses.
 对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法及***可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，技术、方法及***应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。Technologies, methods and systems known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods and systems should be considered part of the authorization specification.
 实施例一：如图1所示，一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：Example 1: As shown in Figure 1, a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance includes the following steps:
S1：获取多种聚乳酸原料，并获取每一种聚乳酸原料中的左旋体含量；选取至少两种左旋体含量在预定范围内的合格聚乳酸原料；S1: Obtain a variety of polylactic acid raw materials and obtain the L-isomer content in each polylactic acid raw material; select at least two qualified polylactic acid raw materials with L-isomer content within a predetermined range;
在这里，制烟厂一般会有多个对应的聚乳酸原料供应商，每个供应商供应的聚乳酸原料由于其产地、批次以及制备工艺的不同，会是的不同聚乳酸原料性质不同，我们为了确保结晶度，应当尽量挑选左旋体（左旋乳酸单体）含量高的聚乳酸原料。Here, cigarette factories generally have multiple corresponding polylactic acid raw material suppliers. The polylactic acid raw materials supplied by each supplier will have different properties due to their different origins, batches, and preparation processes. In order to ensure crystallinity, we should try to select polylactic acid raw materials with high L-isomer (L-lactic acid monomer) content.
 那么每一个聚乳酸原料到达时，对其左旋体含量进行测定，挑选其中在预定范围内的至少两种合格聚乳酸原料；一般是挑选左旋体含量在90%以上的聚乳酸原料。Then when each polylactic acid raw material arrives, its L-isomer content is measured, and at least two qualified polylactic acid raw materials within a predetermined range are selected; generally, polylactic acid raw materials with a L-isomer content of more than 90% are selected.
 S2：选取步骤S1中左旋体含量最高的合格聚乳酸原料，作为第一组分原料，在第一组分原料进行纺丝时通过牵伸应力诱导结晶，得到芯线组分；S2: Select the qualified polylactic acid raw material with the highest L-isomer content in step S1 as the first component raw material. When the first component raw material is spinning, the core component is obtained by inducing crystallization through drafting stress;
第一组分原料中的左旋体含量范围为95%至98%，例如第一组分原料为左旋体含量为97%的聚乳酸原料，在具有如此高含量的左旋体下，第一组分原料熔点也会较高，在纺丝和后加工过程中，通过牵伸应力诱导低温结晶，牵伸后的丝束结晶度提高，丝束尺寸热稳定性提高，可以较好地卷曲定型，确保丝束具有适宜的刚性和卷曲性能，并具有良好的弹性和开松性，较低的热收缩性能，耐热性能好。The L-isomer content in the first component raw material ranges from 95% to 98%. For example, the first component raw material is a polylactic acid raw material with a L-isomer content of 97%. With such a high content of L-isomer, the first component The melting point of the raw material will also be higher. During the spinning and post-processing process, low-temperature crystallization is induced by drafting stress. The crystallinity of the drawn filament bundle is improved, and the thermal stability of the filament bundle size is improved, which can better curl and shape, ensuring The tow has appropriate rigidity and crimping properties, good elasticity and opening properties, low heat shrinkage properties, and good heat resistance.
 以及，选取步骤S1中左旋体含量最低的合格，作为第二组分原料，在第二组分原料中添加三乙酸甘油酯，得到皮层组分；And, selecting the qualified product with the lowest content of the left-handed isomer in step S1 as the second component raw material, adding triacetin to the second component raw material to obtain the cortex component;
在第二组分原料中左旋体含量范围为91%至93%，例如第二组分原料为左旋体含量为91%的聚乳酸原料，且需要在第二组分原料中添加三乙酸甘油酯，在三乙酸甘油酯的作用下，丝束溶胀且粘结，最终可以与第一组分原料得到的芯线组分进行配合，得到粘结良好的皮芯型结构聚乳酸丝束。The L-isomer content in the second component raw material ranges from 91% to 93%. For example, the second component raw material is a polylactic acid raw material with a L-isomer content of 91%, and triacetin needs to be added to the second component raw material. , under the action of triacetin, the tows swell and bond, and can finally be combined with the core component obtained from the first component raw material to obtain a well-bonded polylactic acid tow with a sheath-core structure.
 S3：将芯线组分和皮层组分按照预设比例进行混合，使得皮层组分包覆于芯线组分外侧，形成皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束；S3: Mix the core component and the skin component according to the preset ratio, so that the skin component is wrapped around the core component to form a sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow;
需要说明的是，每一根聚乳酸纤维丝束都是一个皮芯型结构的丝束。It should be noted that each polylactic acid fiber tow is a sheath-core structure tow.
 S4：将多根聚乳酸纤维丝束进行复合成型，得到聚乳酸滤棒。S4: Composite molding of multiple polylactic acid fiber tows to obtain a polylactic acid filter rod.
 通过螺杆挤压机熔融挤压至过滤器除去杂质，然后在一定的纺丝温度下通过三叶型喷丝板纺出，采用工艺空调装置对新纺出的丝束进行冷却，将油剂涂覆在丝束表面以改善后加工性能，在适宜的卷绕速率下将丝束卷绕后暂存于盛丝桶中；在后纺工序中，将前纺纺出的初生纤维集束，在一定温度的水浴中牵伸后进入卷曲机卷曲以达到要求的线密度、卷曲数等指标。The impurities are removed by melting and extruding through the screw extruder to the filter, and then spun out through a trilobal spinneret at a certain spinning temperature. A process air-conditioning device is used to cool the newly spun filament bundles, and the oil is applied Cover the surface of the tow to improve the post-processing performance. The tow is wound at a suitable winding speed and temporarily stored in a silk barrel; in the post-spinning process, the primary fibers spun out of the pre-spinning process are bundled at a certain After being drafted in a water bath at high temperature, it enters the crimping machine and is crimped to achieve the required linear density, crimp number and other indicators.
 在本发明中，执行步骤S2时，在第一组分原料添加分散剂，加入分散剂可以使得高结晶度的聚乳酸纤维丝束中不易形成大的结点，减少结点的产生，便于进行分切。In the present invention, when performing step S2, a dispersant is added to the first component raw material. Adding the dispersant can make it difficult for large nodes to form in the highly crystalline polylactic acid fiber tows, reduce the occurrence of nodes, and facilitate the process. Divide.
 而且，执行步骤S2时，分别在第一组分原料和第二组分原料中添加成核剂，使得芯线组分和皮层组分中的聚乳酸纤维丝束结晶度更高，即耐热性更好。Moreover, when performing step S2, a nucleating agent is added to the first component raw material and the second component raw material respectively, so that the polylactic acid fiber tows in the core component and the skin component have higher crystallinity, that is, heat resistance Sex is better.
 在这里，第一组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第一组分原料的百分比值不低于第二组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第二组分原料的百分比值；Here, the percentage value of the nucleating agent added in the first component raw material to the entire first component raw material is not less than the percentage value of the nucleating agent added to the second component raw material to the entire second component raw material;
且第一组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第一组分原料的百分比值与第二组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第二组分原料的百分比值之差不超过5%。And the difference between the percentage of the nucleating agent added in the first component of the raw material to the entire first component of the raw material and the percentage of the nucleating agent added to the second component of the raw material to the entire second component of the raw material does not exceed 5%. .
 这样多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束中，由内到外具有结晶度渐变，耐温性渐变，使得整个滤棒耐温性能更好，提高了聚乳酸丝束的过滤性能Such a multi-layer structure of the sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
最后需要注意的是，执行步骤S2时，在第一组分原料结晶得到芯线组分之前，确保第一组分原料分散均匀；The last thing to note is that when performing step S2, ensure that the first component raw material is evenly dispersed before the first component raw material is crystallized to obtain the core component;
执行步骤S2时，在第二组分原料添加三乙酸甘油酯得到皮层组分之前，确保第二组分原料分散均匀。When performing step S2, before adding triacetin to the second component raw material to obtain the skin component, ensure that the second component raw material is evenly dispersed.
 以及执行步骤S3时，将芯线组分和皮层组分按照预设比例进行混合, 所述芯线组分和皮层组分的组成比例范围为33:67至37:63之间。And when performing step S3, the core component and the skin component are mixed according to a preset ratio, and the composition ratio range of the core component and the skin component is between 33:67 and 37:63.
 本发明一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其简单方便，通过对聚乳酸原料的比例和制备控制，得到多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维，提高其内层结构的均匀性，即聚乳酸纤维中结晶分布更均匀，减少结点的产生，避免在高速切割中造成切刀的损坏，制得的聚乳酸纤维滤棒切割稳定，多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束中，由内到外具有结晶度渐变，耐温性渐变，使得整个滤棒耐温性能更好，提高了聚乳酸丝束的过滤性能。The present invention is a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance. It is simple and convenient. By controlling the proportion and preparation of polylactic acid raw materials, a multi-layered skin-core polylactic acid fiber is obtained and its inner layer structure is improved. The uniformity of the polylactic acid fiber means that the crystallization distribution in the polylactic acid fiber is more uniform, which reduces the generation of nodes and avoids damage to the cutter during high-speed cutting. The polylactic acid fiber filter rod produced is stable in cutting, and the multi-layer structure of the skin-core type polylactic acid fiber filter rod The lactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
 实施例二：仍如图1所示，仅仅为本发明的其中一个的实施例，在实施例一的基础上，本发明一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法中，在合格聚乳酸原料种类不小于三种时，Embodiment 2: Still as shown in Figure 1, it is only one of the embodiments of the present invention. On the basis of Embodiment 1, in the preparation method of a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance of the present invention, When there are no less than three types of qualified polylactic acid raw materials,
执行步骤S3之前，将除步骤S2中的合格聚乳酸原料以外的每一个合格聚乳酸原料进行单独加工得到过渡组分；Before executing step S3, each qualified polylactic acid raw material except the qualified polylactic acid raw material in step S2 is processed separately to obtain a transition component;
执行步骤S3时，过渡组分设置于芯线组分和皮层组分之间，形成多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束。When performing step S3, the transition component is disposed between the core component and the skin component to form a multi-layer structure of sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow.
 进一步的，其他合格聚乳酸原料种类不小于两种时（即合格聚乳酸原料种类不小于四种时），Further, when there are no less than two types of other qualified polylactic acid raw materials (that is, when there are no less than four types of qualified polylactic acid raw materials),
其他合格聚乳酸原料进行加工得到过渡组分时，具体为：对每一个合格聚乳酸原料进行单独加工得到多个过渡组分；When other qualified polylactic acid raw materials are processed to obtain transition components, the specific steps are: each qualified polylactic acid raw material is processed separately to obtain multiple transition components;
过渡组分设置于芯线组分和皮层组分之间时，具体为：左旋体含量低的过渡组分包覆于左旋体含量高的过渡组分外侧。When the transition component is arranged between the core component and the skin component, specifically: the transition component with low L-isomer content is wrapped around the transition component with high L-isomer content.
 这样，形成更多层的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束，且丝束中的结晶度渐变层数更多，可以有效确保每一根丝束具有良好的弹性和开松性，热收缩性能更低。In this way, more layers of sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tows are formed, and there are more layers of crystallinity gradients in the tows, which can effectively ensure that each tow has good elasticity and openness, and the heat shrinkage performance is better. Low.
 当然，多个过渡组分中均设置有成核剂，且左旋体含量低的过渡组分中的成核剂比例低于左旋体含量高的过渡组分中的成核剂比例。Of course, nucleating agents are provided in multiple transition components, and the proportion of nucleating agents in the transition components with low L-isomer content is lower than that in the transition components with high L-isomer content.
 最后，执行步骤S4之后，采用合金刀对聚乳酸滤棒进行分切。Finally, after performing step S4, use an alloy knife to cut the polylactic acid filter rod.
 本发明一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其简单方便，通过对聚乳酸原料的比例和制备控制，得到多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维，提高其内层结构的均匀性，即聚乳酸纤维中结晶分布更均匀，减少结点的产生，避免在高速切割中造成切刀的损坏，制得的聚乳酸纤维滤棒切割稳定，多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束中，由内到外具有结晶度渐变，耐温性渐变，使得整个滤棒耐温性能更好，提高了聚乳酸丝束的过滤性能。The present invention is a method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance. It is simple and convenient. By controlling the proportion and preparation of polylactic acid raw materials, a multi-layered skin-core polylactic acid fiber is obtained and its inner layer structure is improved. The uniformity of the polylactic acid fiber means that the crystallization distribution in the polylactic acid fiber is more uniform, reducing the occurrence of nodes and avoiding damage to the cutter during high-speed cutting. The polylactic acid fiber filter rod produced is stable in cutting, and the multi-layer structure of the skin-core polyester The lactic acid fiber tow has a gradual change in crystallinity and temperature resistance from the inside to the outside, making the entire filter rod better in temperature resistance and improving the filtration performance of the polylactic acid tow.
 本发明不局限于上述具体的实施方式，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施方式所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1.  一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance, which is characterized by: including the following steps:
    S1：获取多种聚乳酸原料，并获取每一种聚乳酸原料中的左旋体含量；选取至少两种左旋体含量在预定范围内的合格聚乳酸原料；S1: Obtain a variety of polylactic acid raw materials and obtain the L-isomer content in each polylactic acid raw material; select at least two qualified polylactic acid raw materials with L-isomer content within a predetermined range;
    S2：选取步骤S1中左旋体含量最高的合格聚乳酸原料，作为第一组分原料，在第一组分原料进行纺丝时通过牵伸应力诱导结晶，得到芯线组分；选取步骤S1中左旋体含量最低的合格聚乳酸原料，作为第二组分原料，在第二组分原料中添加三乙酸甘油酯，得到皮层组分；S2: Select the qualified polylactic acid raw material with the highest L-isomer content in step S1 as the first component raw material. During the spinning of the first component raw material, crystallization is induced by drafting stress to obtain the core component; select the core component in step S1. The qualified polylactic acid raw material with the lowest L-isomer content is used as the second component raw material, and triacetin is added to the second component raw material to obtain the skin component;
    S3：将芯线组分和皮层组分按照预设比例进行配合，使得皮层组分包覆于芯线组分外侧，形成皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束；S3: Match the core component and the skin component according to the preset proportion, so that the skin component is wrapped around the outside of the core component to form a sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow;
    S4：将多根皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束进行复合成型，得到聚乳酸滤棒。S4: Composite molding of multiple sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tows to obtain a polylactic acid filter rod.
  2.  根据权利要求1所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
    在合格聚乳酸原料种类不小于三种时，When there are no less than three types of qualified polylactic acid raw materials,
    执行步骤S3之前，将除步骤S2中的合格聚乳酸原料以外的其他合格聚乳酸原料，每一个合格聚乳酸原料进行单独加工得到过渡组分；Before executing step S3, each qualified polylactic acid raw material other than the qualified polylactic acid raw material in step S2 is processed separately to obtain the transition component;
    执行步骤S3时，过渡组分设置于芯线组分和皮层组分之间，形成多层结构的皮芯型聚乳酸纤维丝束。When performing step S3, the transition component is disposed between the core component and the skin component to form a multi-layer structure of sheath-core polylactic acid fiber tow.
  3.  根据权利要求2所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 2, characterized by:
    除步骤S1中的合格聚乳酸原料以外的其他合格聚乳酸原料种类不小于两种时，When there are no less than two types of qualified polylactic acid raw materials other than the qualified polylactic acid raw materials in step S1,
    其他合格聚乳酸原料进行加工得到过渡组分时，具体为：对其他合格聚乳酸原料中的每一个合格聚乳酸原料进行单独加工得到多个过渡组分；When other qualified polylactic acid raw materials are processed to obtain transition components, the specific steps are: each qualified polylactic acid raw material among other qualified polylactic acid raw materials is processed separately to obtain multiple transition components;
    过渡组分设置于芯线组分和皮层组分之间时，具体为：左旋体含量低的过渡组分包覆于左旋体含量高的过渡组分外侧。When the transition component is arranged between the core component and the skin component, specifically: the transition component with low L-isomer content is wrapped around the transition component with high L-isomer content.
  4.  根据权利要求1所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：The method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
    执行步骤S3时，将芯线组分和皮层组分按照预设比例进行配合, 所述芯线组分和皮层组分的组成比例范围为33:67至37:63之间。When performing step S3, the core component and the skin component are matched according to a preset ratio, and the composition ratio range of the core component and the skin component is between 33:67 and 37:63.
  5.  根据权利要求1所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
    执行步骤S2时，在第一组分原料添加分散剂。When performing step S2, a dispersant is added to the first component raw material.
  6.  根据权利要求1所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
    执行步骤S2时，分别在第一组分原料和第二组分原料中添加成核剂。When performing step S2, a nucleating agent is added to the first component raw material and the second component raw material respectively.
  7.  根据权利要求6所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 6, characterized by:
    第一组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第一组分原料的百分比值不低于第二组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第二组分原料的百分比值；The percentage value of the nucleating agent added to the first component raw material to the entire first component raw material is not less than the percentage value of the nucleating agent added to the second component raw material to the entire second component raw material;
    且第一组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第一组分原料的百分比值与第二组分原料中添加的成核剂占整个第二组分原料的百分比值之差不超过5%。And the difference between the percentage of the nucleating agent added in the first component of the raw material to the entire first component of the raw material and the percentage of the nucleating agent added to the second component of the raw material to the entire second component of the raw material does not exceed 5%. .
  8.  根据权利要求1所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
    执行步骤S2时，在第一组分原料结晶得到芯线组分之前，确保第一组分原料分散均匀；在第二组分原料添加三乙酸甘油酯得到皮层组分之前，确保第二组分原料分散均匀。When performing step S2, before the first component raw material is crystallized to obtain the core component, ensure that the first component raw material is evenly dispersed; before the second component raw material is added with triacetin to obtain the skin component, ensure that the second component The raw materials are dispersed evenly.
  9.  根据权利要求3所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 3, characterized by:
    多个过渡组分中均设置有成核剂，且左旋体含量低的过渡组分中的成核剂比例低于左旋体含量高的过渡组分中的成核剂比例。Nucleating agents are provided in multiple transition components, and the proportion of nucleating agents in the transition components with low L-isomer content is lower than the proportion of nucleating agents in the transition components with high L-isomer content.
  10.  根据权利要求1所述的一种耐温性好的聚乳酸纤维滤棒的制备方法，其特征在于：A method for preparing a polylactic acid fiber filter rod with good temperature resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
    执行步骤S4之后，采用合金刀对聚乳酸滤棒进行分切。After performing step S4, use an alloy knife to cut the polylactic acid filter rod.
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