WO2024053069A1 - Deposit estimation system and deposit estimation method - Google Patents

Deposit estimation system and deposit estimation method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024053069A1
WO2024053069A1 PCT/JP2022/033792 JP2022033792W WO2024053069A1 WO 2024053069 A1 WO2024053069 A1 WO 2024053069A1 JP 2022033792 W JP2022033792 W JP 2022033792W WO 2024053069 A1 WO2024053069 A1 WO 2024053069A1
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Prior art keywords
vibration
measurement point
optical fiber
sediment
advance
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PCT/JP2022/033792
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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千尋 鬼頭
邦弘 戸毛
敬介 村上
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日本電信電話株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2022/033792 priority Critical patent/WO2024053069A1/en
Publication of WO2024053069A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024053069A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
    • G01V8/12—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver
    • G01V8/16—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver using optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
    • G01V8/20—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using multiple transmitters or receivers
    • G01V8/24—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using multiple transmitters or receivers using optical fibres

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a sediment estimation technology that remotely estimates sediment on a road surface.
  • Surveillance cameras and disaster prevention cameras can also be used as a means of understanding the accumulation and snow conditions on road surfaces. If the presence or absence of deposits could be determined using cameras, there would be no need for staff to patrol daily, and the above-mentioned requirements could be met.
  • the present disclosure aims to provide a sediment estimation system and a sediment estimation method that can economically estimate the presence or absence of sediment on the road surface and further the amount of sediment remotely. purpose.
  • the deposit estimation system uses optical fiber sensing technology (DAS: Distributed Acoustic Sensing) (Non-Patent Document 1) that can measure vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of an optical fiber. to estimate the presence or absence of sediment on the road surface and the amount of sediment.
  • DAS Distributed Acoustic Sensing
  • this disclosure provides: Optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground, a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber; The relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance is held as accumulated data, and the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device are compared with the accumulated data. and an analysis processing device that estimates the presence or absence of deposits at the measurement point; This is a sediment estimation system equipped with
  • this disclosure provides: Optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground, a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber; The relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance is held as accumulated data, and the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device are compared with the accumulated data. and an analysis processing device that estimates the amount of sediment at the measurement point; This is a sediment estimation system equipped with
  • the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point are:
  • the information may be at least one of information analyzed in the time axis direction of the vibration and information analyzed in the spatial axis direction of the vibration.
  • the optical fiber is A plurality of books may be arranged in parallel.
  • this disclosure provides: Holding as accumulated data the relationship between the characteristics of the vibrations measured in advance at the measurement point by a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance at the measurement point,
  • the analysis processing device compares the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device with the accumulated data to estimate the presence or absence of deposits at the measurement point.
  • this disclosure provides: Holding as accumulated data the relationship between the characteristics of the vibrations measured in advance at the measurement point by a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber and the amount of deposits obtained in advance at the measurement point, The analysis processing device compares the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device with the accumulated data to estimate the amount of sediment at the measurement point.
  • this disclosure provides: a vibration measuring step of measuring vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground; The measurement is performed by comparing the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step with accumulated data indicating the relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits acquired in advance.
  • an analysis processing step for estimating the presence or absence of sediment at the point This is a sediment estimation method comprising:
  • this disclosure provides: a vibration measuring step of measuring vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground; The measurement is performed by comparing the accumulated data showing the relationship between the vibration characteristics measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance with the vibration characteristics at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step. an analysis processing step for estimating the amount of sediment at the point;
  • This is a sediment estimation method comprising:
  • this disclosure provides: A program for causing a computer to function as the above analysis processing device. It is.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a deposit estimation system of the present disclosure. It is a figure explaining the deposit estimation method of this indication. It is a figure explaining the deposit estimation method of this indication.
  • the sediment estimation system and sediment estimation method of the present disclosure uses optical fibers and vibration measuring instruments installed on the road surface or underground to detect road deformations such as cracks in the road and road joints during periods when there is no snowfall.
  • the characteristics of vibrations caused by vehicles passing over rough spots on the road surface, such as road appendages such as manhole covers and side ditches, are stored in advance as stored data.
  • the presence of snow cover is inferred from the fact that the feature appears in a place where it did not exist during the period when no deposits were present. The same applies to flooding and inflowing sediment.
  • the relationship between the characteristics of vibrations caused by a vehicle passing through an uneven part of the road surface and the presence or absence of snow accumulation or the amount of snow accumulation is stored in advance as accumulated data. .
  • the characteristics of the vibrations held are analyzed, and the characteristics of the vibrations caused by the irregularities on the road surface that have changed due to snow accumulation are compared with the stored accumulated data to estimate the presence or absence of snow or the amount of snow. This applies not only to snowfall, but also to flooding and inflowing sediment.
  • the measurement point is preferably a point with uneven areas. Moreover, the measurement point is preferably a position where a vehicle passes.
  • a vibration measuring device can measure vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of an optical fiber, and the length of the optical fiber to the measurement point is the distance along the route of the optical fiber actually laid from the vibration measuring device to the measurement point. Equivalent to.
  • vibrations caused by passing vehicles By using the vibrations caused by passing vehicles, it is possible to constantly estimate changes in the amount of deposits on the road surface.
  • the characteristics of vibrations caused by vehicles passing over uneven areas on the road surface are affected by the weight and speed of the passing vehicle, so analysis is performed to avoid being affected by the weight and speed of the vehicle. For example, it is desirable to reduce the influence of vehicle weight and speed by sufficiently increasing the number of passing vehicles to be analyzed and performing statistical processing.
  • the characteristics of vibrations caused by vehicles passing through uneven areas on the road surface include information analyzed in the time axis direction of vibrations and information analyzed in the spatial axis direction of vibrations.
  • Information to be analyzed in the vibration time axis direction includes vibration rise time, vibration duration, vibration fall time, vibration frequency spectrum, and the like.
  • the frequency spectrum of vibration is obtained by Fourier analysis of the temporal change of vibration.
  • Information to be analyzed in the direction of the spatial axis of vibration includes spatial spread of vibration, spatial propagation speed of vibration, and the like.
  • Information analyzed in the time axis direction of vibrations and information analyzed in the spatial axis direction of vibrations may be either one or both, and elements of each information may be combined and used as a feature.
  • the vibrations of a vehicle passing at a constant speed appear in a diagonal straight line.
  • the characteristic vibrations caused by vehicles passing over uneven areas on the road surface include not only diagonal linear vibrations but also impulse-like vibrations (hereinafter referred to as Actual measurements have shown that the propagation speed is sufficiently faster than the vehicle speed. Typically, the propagation speed is greater than 100 m/s.
  • detection of uneven areas on the road surface and changes in the characteristics of vibrations caused by uneven areas due to deposits include changes in the magnitude of the amplitude direction for detecting floor vibrations, and In some cases, analysis is performed based on either the change in length in the spatial direction to be detected, whether or not floor vibration can be detected, or a combination thereof, and analysis in the time axis direction is not necessary.
  • analysis in the spatial axis direction is not necessary.
  • detection of uneven areas on the road surface and changes in the characteristics of vibrations caused by uneven areas due to sediment are changes in the magnitude of the amplitude direction for detecting floor vibrations
  • Analysis in the spatial axis direction may be unnecessary by using one or a combination of the changes in length in the time direction to be detected, the frequency spectrum of the vibration component included in the floor vibration, and whether or not the floor vibration can be detected. be.
  • a plurality of optical fibers used for measurement are arranged in parallel.
  • vibration measuring instruments have dead points or points of low sensitivity in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber, so by measuring using multiple optical fibers and averaging the measurement results, it is possible to detect irregularities on the road surface. This makes it easier to observe the characteristics of vibrations caused by vehicles passing by, and improves the accuracy of estimating the presence or absence of deposits and the amount of deposits.
  • the plurality of optical fibers may be two or more optical fibers laid in parallel, or may be two or more optical fibers housed in the same optical cable.
  • the accumulated data usually includes data corresponding to the length of the optical fiber from the vibration measuring device to an arbitrary point, but among the characteristics of vibration distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber, the characteristics of vibration near uneven parts of the road surface are Only the data may be stored as stored data. Not only can the capacity of accumulated data be compressed and data storage resources be made more efficient, but analysis processing can be sped up because only desired measurement points are analyzed.
  • FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the deposit estimation system of this embodiment.
  • the deposit estimation system 301 shown in FIG. 1 includes an optical fiber 50 installed on the road surface or underground, and a vibration measuring device 11 that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber 50 received by the optical fiber 50.
  • the relationship between the pre-measured vibration characteristics at the measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance is stored as accumulated data, and the vibration characteristics measured by the vibration measuring device 11 at the measurement point and the accumulated data are compared to determine the measurement point. and an analysis processing device 12 for estimating the presence or absence of deposits.
  • the analysis processing device 12 stores the relationship between the vibration characteristics measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance as accumulated data, and stores the relationship between the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device 11 and the accumulated data. It is also possible to estimate the amount of sediment at the measurement point.
  • the vibration measuring device 11 and the analysis processing device 12 are placed in a communication building 10 that manages snowfall and the like.
  • the optical fiber 50 may be built into the optical cable 51.
  • an optical cable 51 is installed below the ground 52 under the road.
  • the optical cable 51 may be laid on the surface of the ground 52.
  • the optical fiber 50 housed in the optical cable 51 receives vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction.
  • the vibration measuring device 11 measures the vibration received by the optical fiber 50.
  • the vibration measuring device 11 measures changes in phase and intensity of Rayleigh scattered light, such as ⁇ OTDR (phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer) and OFDR (optical frequency domain reflectometer). This is a light reflection measuring device that can measure
  • ⁇ OTDR phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer
  • OFDR optical frequency domain reflectometer
  • the vibration measuring device 11 is located at a position where it can measure vibrations over a length that can be considered as an uneven area on the road surface, or a length that is sufficiently narrower than the range through which sound generated at a point that can be considered as an uneven area on the road surface is transmitted. It is preferable to have resolution.
  • the vibrations measured by the vibration measuring device 11 occur between the tires of the vehicle and the ground. This road noise can be used as a vibration source.
  • the vibration measuring device 11 measures vibrations received by optical fibers installed on the road surface or underground. It is preferable that the buried depth of the optical cable 51 and the geology around the underground conduit, manhole, and handhole through which the optical cable 51 passes are constant or known.
  • the analysis processing device 12 has previously accumulated as accumulated data the characteristics of the vibrations received by the optical fiber 50 according to the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits. Accumulated data is treated as training data. When estimating the presence or absence of deposits, the analysis processing device 12 compares the characteristics of vibration on the optical fiber 50 with accumulated data to estimate the presence or absence of deposits. When estimating the amount of deposits, the characteristics of vibration on the optical fiber 50 are compared with accumulated data to estimate the amount of deposits.
  • the analysis processing device 12 detects floor vibrations at a spatial length sufficiently larger than the vehicle, among the information analyzed in the spatial axis direction in a graph where the horizontal axis is distance and the vertical axis is elapsed time. Detection of irregularities on the road surface and accumulation by changes in amplitude in the amplitude direction for detecting vibrations, changes in the length in the spatial direction for detecting floor vibrations, and whether or not floor vibrations can be detected, or a combination thereof. Analyze changes in vibration characteristics caused by objects.
  • the analysis processing device 12 determines that the characteristics of vibrations at uneven locations on the road surface when there is no snowfall have been reduced by more than a certain value than the characteristics of vibrations at those uneven locations during snowy conditions, or have become unobservable. to estimate that there is snow cover.
  • the analysis processing device 12 records in advance the characteristics of the vibrations transmitted to the optical fiber 50 in the non-deposition state and in the known deposition state. This information becomes accumulated data.
  • the analysis processing device 12 acquires the vibration waveform (evaluation data) at the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits (objective variable), and combines it with the accumulated data. Calculate the degree of correlation.
  • the analysis processing device 12 outputs the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits of the accumulated data that has the highest correlation with the evaluation data as the actual presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits.
  • the analysis processing device 12 does not output the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits at a single measurement point, but analyzes vibration data at a plurality of measurement points, and calculates the range in which the actual snow conditions are considered to be approximately constant. For example, the presence or absence of deposits at measurement points within a radius of 200 m may be output, or the average amount of deposits may be output.
  • the analysis processing device 12 can improve the accuracy of estimating the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits by analyzing the vibrations measured by the vibration measuring device 11 during the same time period and performing calculations.
  • the same time period is preferably a time range in which vibrations from the same sound source (including the vehicle mentioned above) can be measured, but it may be a time range in which the presence or absence of actual deposits or the amount of deposits does not change. .
  • the analysis processing device 12 can compress the amount of data to be accumulated and speed up the analysis process by cutting out and using only the data near the measurement point from the vibrations measured by the vibration measuring device 11.
  • the vibration measuring device 11 measures the distribution of vibrations at a plurality of measurement points all at once, and the analysis processing device 12 analyzes the positional resolution, thereby determining the presence or absence of deposits at the plurality of measurement points.
  • the amount of sediment can be estimated at the same time.
  • the optical fiber 50 is arranged so as to connect a plurality of measurement points with one stroke.
  • the analysis processing device 12 of the present disclosure can also be realized by a computer and a program.
  • a program to be executed by a computer can be recorded on a recording medium or can be provided through a communication network.
  • the sediment estimation system and analysis processing device of the present disclosure can economically and remotely estimate the presence or absence of sediment on the road surface or the amount of sediment.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 The procedure of the deposit estimation method of this embodiment is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the procedure shown in FIG. 2 is a pre-processing of the procedure shown in FIG. 3.
  • preliminary vibration measurement step S01 a vibration measuring device is used to measure vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground.
  • preliminary analysis processing step S02 the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured in preliminary vibration measurement step S01 are analyzed using an analysis processing device.
  • the accumulation step S03 the features analyzed using the analysis processing device are accumulated as accumulated data.
  • vibration characteristics are accumulated as accumulated data for each presence or absence of deposits or amount of deposits.
  • a vibration measuring device is used to measure vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground.
  • the vibration measurement step S11 is executed when the vehicle passes through the measurement point. Vibrations from passing vehicles are transmitted through the deposits to the optical fiber.
  • the analysis processing device when estimating the presence or absence of deposits, the analysis processing device is used to compare the pre-measured vibration characteristics at the measurement point accumulated in the accumulation step S03 with the pre-obtained presence or absence of deposits.
  • the presence or absence of deposits at the measurement point is estimated by comparing the accumulated data showing the relationship with the vibration characteristics at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step S11.
  • the analysis processing device when estimating the amount of sediment, is used to compare the characteristics of the vibrations measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance, accumulated in the accumulation step S03.
  • the amount of sediment at the measurement point is estimated by comparing the accumulated data showing the relationship with the vibration characteristics at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step S11.
  • the analysis processing step S12 of the present disclosure can also be realized by a program to be executed by a computer.
  • a program to be executed by a computer can be recorded on a recording medium or can be provided through a communication network.
  • the deposit estimation method of the present disclosure can economically and remotely estimate the presence or absence of deposits on the road surface or the amount of deposits.
  • This disclosure can be applied to the information and communication industry.

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Abstract

The present disclosure is a deposit estimation system (301) comprising: an optical fiber (50) installed on the surface or beneath a road; a vibration measuring instrument (11) that measures vibrations that are received by the optical fiber (50) and are distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber (50); and an analysis processing device (12) that holds, as storage data, the relationship between the characteristics of vibrations pre-measured at a measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance, compares the characteristics of vibrations measured at the measurement point by the vibration measuring instrument (11) with the storage data, and estimates the presence or absence of a deposit at the measurement point.

Description

堆積物推定システム及び堆積物推定方法Sediment estimation system and sediment estimation method
　本開示は、道路表面の堆積物を遠隔から推定する堆積物推定技術に関する。 The present disclosure relates to a sediment estimation technology that remotely estimates sediment on a road surface.
　道路管理者は、道路表面の状態を把握するため、日々パトロールを行っている。豪雨時には、道路の冠水や道路への土砂の流入を迅速に把握する必要がある。豪雪地方での除雪作業において、積雪状態を把握するため、地方自治体の職員が日中帯に車両走行によるパトロールを実施し、深夜帯に実施する除雪対象道路を決定している。当該パトロールは、冬季の凍結路面を日々、長距離（７０～８０ｋｍ程度）走行する危険作業である。 Road managers conduct daily patrols to understand the condition of road surfaces. During heavy rains, it is necessary to quickly understand whether roads are flooded or dirt is flowing into the roads. When removing snow in areas with heavy snowfall, local government officials conduct vehicle patrols during the day in order to understand the state of the snow, and then decide which roads should be cleared for snow removal in the middle of the night. These patrols are dangerous work that involves driving long distances (approximately 70 to 80 km) every day on frozen roads in winter.
　道路表面の堆積物や積雪状態を把握する手段として監視カメラや防災カメラを利用することもできる。カメラを利用して堆積物の有無を把握できれば職員が日々パトロールする必要が無くなり、上述した要求を満たすことができる。 Surveillance cameras and disaster prevention cameras can also be used as a means of understanding the accumulation and snow conditions on road surfaces. If the presence or absence of deposits could be determined using cameras, there would be no need for staff to patrol daily, and the above-mentioned requirements could be met.
　しかし、監視カメラや防災カメラを利用する手段は、街中や雪深い郊外地域に多数のカメラを設置し、保守しなければならない。さらに、撮影したカメラ画像から堆積物の量を把握することが困難である。これは、カメラの特性上、白色の雪面の凹凸は判別が難しいことが理由である。さらに、豪雨時、濃霧時、降雪時等の気象条件によっては、さらに堆積物の量の把握が困難になる。つまり、堆積物の量の遠隔把握にカメラを利用するには、多数のカメラを設置し、保守するという経済的な課題があった。 However, using surveillance cameras and disaster prevention cameras requires installing and maintaining a large number of cameras in the city or in snowy suburban areas. Furthermore, it is difficult to determine the amount of deposits from captured camera images. This is because, due to the characteristics of the camera, it is difficult to distinguish unevenness on a white snow surface. Furthermore, depending on weather conditions such as heavy rain, dense fog, and snowfall, it becomes even more difficult to grasp the amount of sediment. In other words, in order to use cameras to remotely assess the amount of sediment, there was an economical problem in installing and maintaining a large number of cameras.
　そこで、本開示では、前記課題を解決するために、経済的に道路表面の堆積物の有無、さらには堆積物の量を遠隔で推定できる堆積物推定システム及び堆積物推定方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present disclosure aims to provide a sediment estimation system and a sediment estimation method that can economically estimate the presence or absence of sediment on the road surface and further the amount of sediment remotely. purpose.
　上記目的を達成するために、本開示に係る堆積物推定システムは、光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定可能な光ファイバセンシング技術（ＤＡＳ：Ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄ　Ａｃｏｕｓｔｉｃ　Ｓｅｎｓｉｎｇ）（非特許文献１）を用いて道路表面の堆積物の有無あるいは堆積物の量を推定する。 In order to achieve the above object, the deposit estimation system according to the present disclosure uses optical fiber sensing technology (DAS: Distributed Acoustic Sensing) (Non-Patent Document 1) that can measure vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of an optical fiber. to estimate the presence or absence of sediment on the road surface and the amount of sediment.
　具体的には、本開示は、
　道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバと、
　前記光ファイバが受信した前記光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器と、
　測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の有無との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、前記振動測定器が測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴と前記蓄積データとを照合し、前記測定地点における堆積物の有無を推定する解析処理装置と、
を備える堆積物推定システム
である。 Specifically, this disclosure provides:
Optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground,
a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber;
The relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance is held as accumulated data, and the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device are compared with the accumulated data. and an analysis processing device that estimates the presence or absence of deposits at the measurement point;
This is a sediment estimation system equipped with
　具体的には、本開示は、
　道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバと、
　前記光ファイバが受信した前記光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器と、
　測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の量との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、前記振動測定器が測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴と前記蓄積データとを照合し、前記測定地点における堆積物の量を推定する解析処理装置と、
を備える堆積物推定システム
である。 Specifically, this disclosure provides:
Optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground,
a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber;
The relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance is held as accumulated data, and the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device are compared with the accumulated data. and an analysis processing device that estimates the amount of sediment at the measurement point;
This is a sediment estimation system equipped with
　本開示は、
　前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴は、
　前記振動の時間軸方向で解析する情報及び前記振動の空間軸方向で解析する情報の少なくとも１つ
でもよい。 This disclosure:
The characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point are:
The information may be at least one of information analyzed in the time axis direction of the vibration and information analyzed in the spatial axis direction of the vibration.
　本開示は、
　前記光ファイバは、
　複数本が並列に配置されていること
でもよい。 This disclosure:
The optical fiber is
A plurality of books may be arranged in parallel.
　具体的には、本開示は、
　光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器によって測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と測定地点における予め取得した堆積物の有無との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、
　前記振動測定器が測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴と前記蓄積データとを照合して、前記測定地点における堆積物の有無を推定する解析処理装置
である。 Specifically, this disclosure provides:
Holding as accumulated data the relationship between the characteristics of the vibrations measured in advance at the measurement point by a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance at the measurement point,
The analysis processing device compares the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device with the accumulated data to estimate the presence or absence of deposits at the measurement point.
　具体的には、本開示は、
　光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器によって測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と測定地点における予め取得した堆積物の量との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、
　前記振動測定器が測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴と前記蓄積データとを照合して、前記測定地点における堆積物の量を推定する解析処理装置
である。 Specifically, this disclosure provides:
Holding as accumulated data the relationship between the characteristics of the vibrations measured in advance at the measurement point by a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber and the amount of deposits obtained in advance at the measurement point,
The analysis processing device compares the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device with the accumulated data to estimate the amount of sediment at the measurement point.
　具体的には、本開示は、
　道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバが受信した前記光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定ステップと、
　測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の有無との関係を示す蓄積データと、前記振動測定ステップで測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴とを照合して、前記測定地点における堆積物の有無を推定する解析処理ステップと、
を備える堆積物推定方法
である。 Specifically, this disclosure provides:
a vibration measuring step of measuring vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground;
The measurement is performed by comparing the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step with accumulated data indicating the relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits acquired in advance. an analysis processing step for estimating the presence or absence of sediment at the point;
This is a sediment estimation method comprising:
　具体的には、本開示は、
　道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバが受信した前記光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定ステップと、
　測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の量との関係を示す蓄積データと、前記振動測定ステップで測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴とを照合して、前記測定地点における堆積物の量を推定する解析処理ステップと、
を備える堆積物推定方法
である。 Specifically, this disclosure provides:
a vibration measuring step of measuring vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground;
The measurement is performed by comparing the accumulated data showing the relationship between the vibration characteristics measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance with the vibration characteristics at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step. an analysis processing step for estimating the amount of sediment at the point;
This is a sediment estimation method comprising:
　具体的には、本開示は、
　コンピュータに上記解析処理装置として機能させるためのプログラム。
である。 Specifically, this disclosure provides:
A program for causing a computer to function as the above analysis processing device.
It is.
　なお、上記各開示は、可能な限り組み合わせることができる。 Note that the above disclosures can be combined as much as possible.
　本開示によれば、経済的に道路表面の堆積物の有無、さらには堆積物の量を遠隔で推定できる堆積物推定システム及び堆積物推定方法を提供することができる。 According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a sediment estimation system and a sediment estimation method that can economically estimate the presence or absence of sediment on a road surface and further the amount of sediment remotely.
本開示の堆積物推定システムを説明する図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a deposit estimation system of the present disclosure. 本開示の堆積物推定方法を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the deposit estimation method of this indication. 本開示の堆積物推定方法を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the deposit estimation method of this indication.
　以下、本開示の実施形態について、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。なお、本開示は、以下に示す実施形態に限定されるものではない。これらの実施の例は例示に過ぎず、本開示は当業者の知識に基づいて種々の変更、改良を施した形態で実施することができる。なお、本明細書及び図面において符号が同じ構成要素は、相互に同一のものを示すものとする。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments shown below. These implementation examples are merely illustrative, and the present disclosure can be implemented with various changes and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Note that components with the same reference numerals in this specification and the drawings indicate the same components.
　本開示の堆積物推定システム及び堆積物推定方法では、道路表面または道路地下に設置した光ファイバと振動測定器を用いて、積雪のない時期に、道路の割れ目や道路の継ぎ目等の道路変状箇所あるいはマンホール鉄蓋や側溝等の道路附属物といった道路表面の凹凸箇所を車両が通行することによって生じる振動の特徴を予め蓄積データとして保有する。保有する振動の特徴を解析しておき、冠水や積雪や土砂の流入によってこれら道路表面の凹凸箇所による振動の特徴の計測感度が低減したこと、あるいは堆積物自体が道路表面の凹凸箇所となり振動の特徴が堆積物のない時期にはなかった場所に出現したことをもって、積雪があることを推定する。冠水や流入した土砂でも同様である。 The sediment estimation system and sediment estimation method of the present disclosure uses optical fibers and vibration measuring instruments installed on the road surface or underground to detect road deformations such as cracks in the road and road joints during periods when there is no snowfall. The characteristics of vibrations caused by vehicles passing over rough spots on the road surface, such as road appendages such as manhole covers and side ditches, are stored in advance as stored data. We have analyzed the characteristics of the existing vibrations, and found that the measurement sensitivity of the vibration characteristics due to uneven parts of the road surface has decreased due to flooding, snow accumulation, and inflow of earth and sand, or that the sediment itself has caused uneven parts of the road surface to cause vibrations. The presence of snow cover is inferred from the fact that the feature appears in a place where it did not exist during the period when no deposits were present. The same applies to flooding and inflowing sediment.
　また、本開示の堆積物推定システム及び堆積物推定方法では、道路表面の凹凸箇所を車両が通行することによって生じる振動の特徴と積雪の有無又は積雪の量との関係を予め蓄積データとして保有する。保有する振動の特徴を解析しておき、積雪によって変化したこれら道路表面の凹凸箇所による振動の特徴と保有する蓄積データとを照合し、積雪の有無又は積雪の量を推定する。積雪ばかりでなく、冠水や流入した土砂でも同様である。 Furthermore, in the sediment estimation system and sediment estimation method of the present disclosure, the relationship between the characteristics of vibrations caused by a vehicle passing through an uneven part of the road surface and the presence or absence of snow accumulation or the amount of snow accumulation is stored in advance as accumulated data. . The characteristics of the vibrations held are analyzed, and the characteristics of the vibrations caused by the irregularities on the road surface that have changed due to snow accumulation are compared with the stored accumulated data to estimate the presence or absence of snow or the amount of snow. This applies not only to snowfall, but also to flooding and inflowing sediment.
　測定地点は凹凸箇所のある地点が好ましい。また、測定地点は車両が通過する位置が好ましい。振動測定器は光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定することができ、測定地点までの光ファイバ長は、振動測定器から測定地点までの実際に敷設した光ファイバのルート上での距離に相当する。 The measurement point is preferably a point with uneven areas. Moreover, the measurement point is preferably a position where a vehicle passes. A vibration measuring device can measure vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of an optical fiber, and the length of the optical fiber to the measurement point is the distance along the route of the optical fiber actually laid from the vibration measuring device to the measurement point. Equivalent to.
　車両が通過するときの振動を利用すれば、道路表面の堆積物の量の変化を常時推定することができる。道路表面の凹凸箇所を車両が通行することによって生じる振動の特徴は、通行する車両の重量や速度に影響を受けるため、車両の重量や速度の影響を受けないよう解析する。例えば、解析対象とする通行車両の台数を十分増やして統計的に処理することで車両の重量や速度の影響を軽減することが望ましい。 By using the vibrations caused by passing vehicles, it is possible to constantly estimate changes in the amount of deposits on the road surface. The characteristics of vibrations caused by vehicles passing over uneven areas on the road surface are affected by the weight and speed of the passing vehicle, so analysis is performed to avoid being affected by the weight and speed of the vehicle. For example, it is desirable to reduce the influence of vehicle weight and speed by sufficiently increasing the number of passing vehicles to be analyzed and performing statistical processing.
　道路表面の凹凸箇所を車両が通行することによって生じる振動の特徴は、振動の時間軸方向で解析する情報及び振動の空間軸方向で解析する情報がある。振動の時間軸方向で解析する情報としては、振動の立ち上がり時間、振動の継続時間、振動の立下り時間、振動の周波数スペクトル等がある。振動の周波数スペクトルは振動の時間変化をフーリエ解析することによって得られる。振動の空間軸方向で解析する情報としては、振動の空間的な拡がり、振動の空間的な伝搬速度等がある。振動の時間軸方向で解析する情報及び振動の空間軸方向で解析する情報はどちらか一方でも良いし、両方でもよいし、各情報の要素を組み合わせて特徴として利用することができる。 The characteristics of vibrations caused by vehicles passing through uneven areas on the road surface include information analyzed in the time axis direction of vibrations and information analyzed in the spatial axis direction of vibrations. Information to be analyzed in the vibration time axis direction includes vibration rise time, vibration duration, vibration fall time, vibration frequency spectrum, and the like. The frequency spectrum of vibration is obtained by Fourier analysis of the temporal change of vibration. Information to be analyzed in the direction of the spatial axis of vibration includes spatial spread of vibration, spatial propagation speed of vibration, and the like. Information analyzed in the time axis direction of vibrations and information analyzed in the spatial axis direction of vibrations may be either one or both, and elements of each information may be combined and used as a feature.
　横軸を距離、縦軸を経過時間とすると、道路表面に凹凸箇所がない区間では、等速で通過する車両の振動は斜めの直線状に表れる。一方で、道路表面の凹凸箇所を車両が通行することによって生じる特徴的な振動は、斜めの直線状の振動様相に加えて、車両より十分大きい空間的な長さでインパルス的な振動（以後、「フロア振動」と称する。）として観測され、その伝搬速度は車両の速度よりも十分に速いことが実測により明らかとなっている。典型的には、伝搬速度は秒速１００ｍを超える。 If the horizontal axis is distance and the vertical axis is elapsed time, in a section where there are no uneven parts on the road surface, the vibrations of a vehicle passing at a constant speed appear in a diagonal straight line. On the other hand, the characteristic vibrations caused by vehicles passing over uneven areas on the road surface include not only diagonal linear vibrations but also impulse-like vibrations (hereinafter referred to as Actual measurements have shown that the propagation speed is sufficiently faster than the vehicle speed. Typically, the propagation speed is greater than 100 m/s.
　そのため、道路表面の凹凸箇所の検出、および堆積物による凹凸箇所由来の振動の特徴の変化は空間軸方向で解析する情報のうち、フロア振動を検出する振幅方向の大きさの変化、フロア振動を検出する空間方向の長さの変化、及びフロア振動の検出可否のいずれか、又はそれらの組み合わせにより実施し、時間軸方向の解析が不要となる場合もある。　　 Therefore, among the information analyzed in the spatial axis direction, detection of uneven areas on the road surface and changes in the characteristics of vibrations caused by uneven areas due to deposits include changes in the magnitude of the amplitude direction for detecting floor vibrations, and In some cases, analysis is performed based on either the change in length in the spatial direction to be detected, whether or not floor vibration can be detected, or a combination thereof, and analysis in the time axis direction is not necessary.　　
　逆に、時間軸方向だけで解析し、空間軸方向の解析が不要となる場合もある。例えば、道路表面の凹凸箇所の検出、及び堆積物による凹凸箇所由来の振動の特徴の変化は時間軸方向で解析する情報のうち、フロア振動を検出する振幅方向の大きさの変化、フロア振動を検出する時間方向の長さの変化、フロア振動に含まれる振動成分の周波数スペクトル、及びフロア振動の検出可否のいずれか、又はそれらの組み合わせにより実施し、空間軸方向の解析が不要となる場合もある。 Conversely, there are cases where analysis is performed only in the time axis direction, and analysis in the spatial axis direction is not necessary. For example, among the information that is analyzed in the time axis direction, detection of uneven areas on the road surface and changes in the characteristics of vibrations caused by uneven areas due to sediment are changes in the magnitude of the amplitude direction for detecting floor vibrations, Analysis in the spatial axis direction may be unnecessary by using one or a combination of the changes in length in the time direction to be detected, the frequency spectrum of the vibration component included in the floor vibration, and whether or not the floor vibration can be detected. be.
　測定に利用する光ファイバは、複数本が並列に配置されていることが好ましい。振動測定器は原理上、光ファイバの長手方向に不感地点あるいは感度が低くなる地点を持つため、複数本の光ファイバを用いて測定し、測定結果を平均化することで、道路表面の凹凸箇所を車両が通行することによって生じる振動の特徴を観測しやすくなり、堆積物の有無や堆積物の量の推定精度を向上させることができる。複数本の光ファイバは、並行して敷設された２本以上の光ファイバであってもよいし、同一光ケーブルに収容されている２本以上の光ファイバであってもよい。 It is preferable that a plurality of optical fibers used for measurement are arranged in parallel. In principle, vibration measuring instruments have dead points or points of low sensitivity in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber, so by measuring using multiple optical fibers and averaging the measurement results, it is possible to detect irregularities on the road surface. This makes it easier to observe the characteristics of vibrations caused by vehicles passing by, and improves the accuracy of estimating the presence or absence of deposits and the amount of deposits. The plurality of optical fibers may be two or more optical fibers laid in parallel, or may be two or more optical fibers housed in the same optical cable.
　蓄積データには、通常、振動測定器から任意点までの光ファイバ長に応じたデータが含まれるが、光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動の特徴のうち道路面の凹凸箇所近傍の振動の特徴のみを蓄積データとして蓄積してもよい。蓄積データの容量を圧縮し、データストレージリソースを効率化できるだけでなく、所望の測定地点のみ解析するので解析処理を高速化することができる。 The accumulated data usually includes data corresponding to the length of the optical fiber from the vibration measuring device to an arbitrary point, but among the characteristics of vibration distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber, the characteristics of vibration near uneven parts of the road surface are Only the data may be stored as stored data. Not only can the capacity of accumulated data be compressed and data storage resources be made more efficient, but analysis processing can be sped up because only desired measurement points are analyzed.
〔第１の実施形態〕
　本実施形態の堆積物推定システムの構成を図１に示す。図１に示す堆積物推定システム３０１は、道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバ５０と、光ファイバ５０が受信した光ファイバ５０の長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器１１と、測定地点における予め測定した振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の有無との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、振動測定器１１が測定した測定地点における振動の特徴と蓄積データとを照合し、測定地点における堆積物の有無を推定する解析処理装置１２と、を備える。解析処理装置１２は、測定地点における予め測定した振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の量との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、振動測定器１１が測定した測定地点における振動の特徴と蓄積データとを照合し、測定地点における堆積物の量を推定することでもよい。 [First embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the deposit estimation system of this embodiment. The deposit estimation system 301 shown in FIG. 1 includes an optical fiber 50 installed on the road surface or underground, and a vibration measuring device 11 that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber 50 received by the optical fiber 50. The relationship between the pre-measured vibration characteristics at the measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance is stored as accumulated data, and the vibration characteristics measured by the vibration measuring device 11 at the measurement point and the accumulated data are compared to determine the measurement point. and an analysis processing device 12 for estimating the presence or absence of deposits. The analysis processing device 12 stores the relationship between the vibration characteristics measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance as accumulated data, and stores the relationship between the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device 11 and the accumulated data. It is also possible to estimate the amount of sediment at the measurement point.
　振動測定器１１及び解析処理装置１２は、積雪等の管理を行う通信ビル１０内に配置されている。光ファイバ５０は光ケーブル５１に内蔵されていてもよい。本実施形態の図１では、光ケーブル５１が地面５２より下の道路地下に敷設されている。光ケーブル５１は地面５２の表面に敷設されていてもよい。 The vibration measuring device 11 and the analysis processing device 12 are placed in a communication building 10 that manages snowfall and the like. The optical fiber 50 may be built into the optical cable 51. In FIG. 1 of this embodiment, an optical cable 51 is installed below the ground 52 under the road. The optical cable 51 may be laid on the surface of the ground 52.
　光ケーブル５１に収容される光ファイバ５０が長手方向に分布する振動を受信する。振動測定器１１は、光ファイバ５０の受信した振動を測定する。振動測定器１１は、例えば、φＯＴＤＲ（位相敏感型Ｏｐｔｉｃａｌ　Ｔｉｍｅ　Ｄｏｍａｉｎ　Ｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｏｍｅｔｅｒ）、ＯＦＤＲ（Ｏｐｔｉｃａｌ　Ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ　Ｄｏｍａｉｎ　Ｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｏｍｅｔｅｒ）等、レイリー散乱光の位相変化や強度変化を測定可能な光反射計測装置である。振動測定器１１は、測定地点の地下の光ファイバ５０の振動を位置分解して、光ファイバの長手方向の分布として測定することができる。振動測定器１１は、道路表面の凹凸箇所とみなせる範囲の長さ、又は道路表面の凹凸箇所とみなせる地点で生じた音響が伝わる範囲よりも十分狭い範囲の長さでの振動を測定可能な位置分解能を持つことが好ましい。 The optical fiber 50 housed in the optical cable 51 receives vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction. The vibration measuring device 11 measures the vibration received by the optical fiber 50. The vibration measuring device 11 measures changes in phase and intensity of Rayleigh scattered light, such as φOTDR (phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer) and OFDR (optical frequency domain reflectometer). This is a light reflection measuring device that can measure The vibration measuring device 11 can positionally resolve the vibration of the underground optical fiber 50 at the measurement point and measure it as a distribution in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber. The vibration measuring device 11 is located at a position where it can measure vibrations over a length that can be considered as an uneven area on the road surface, or a length that is sufficiently narrower than the range through which sound generated at a point that can be considered as an uneven area on the road surface is transmitted. It is preferable to have resolution.
　振動測定器１１が測定する振動は、車両のタイヤと地面の間で生じる。このロードノイズを振動源として利用できる。 The vibrations measured by the vibration measuring device 11 occur between the tires of the vehicle and the ground. This road noise can be used as a vibration source.
　道路表面の凹凸箇所付近を測定地点とすることが好ましい。振動の発生頻度が多く、振動も大きく発生するからである。振動測定器１１は、道路表面または道路地下に敷設された光ファイバが受信する振動を測定するので、車両のタイヤと地面の間で生じた振動の伝搬特性に影響を与えないよう、測定地点付近の光ケーブル５１の埋設深さ、光ケーブル５１が通る地下管路、マンホール、ハンドホールの周辺の地質は一定または既知であることが好ましい。 It is preferable to set the measurement point near an uneven location on the road surface. This is because vibrations occur frequently and in large quantities. The vibration measuring device 11 measures vibrations received by optical fibers installed on the road surface or underground. It is preferable that the buried depth of the optical cable 51 and the geology around the underground conduit, manhole, and handhole through which the optical cable 51 passes are constant or known.
　解析処理装置１２は、堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量に応じた光ファイバ５０が受信する振動の特徴を予め蓄積データとして蓄積している。蓄積データは教師データとして扱われる。解析処理装置１２は、堆積物の有無の推定時には、光ファイバ５０上の振動の特徴を蓄積データに照らし合わせ、堆積物の有無を推定する。堆積物の量の推定時には、光ファイバ５０上の振動の特徴を蓄積データに照らし合わせ、堆積物の量を推定する。 The analysis processing device 12 has previously accumulated as accumulated data the characteristics of the vibrations received by the optical fiber 50 according to the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits. Accumulated data is treated as training data. When estimating the presence or absence of deposits, the analysis processing device 12 compares the characteristics of vibration on the optical fiber 50 with accumulated data to estimate the presence or absence of deposits. When estimating the amount of deposits, the characteristics of vibration on the optical fiber 50 are compared with accumulated data to estimate the amount of deposits.
　解析処理装置１２は、横軸を距離、縦軸を経過時間のグラフにおいて空間軸方向で解析する情報のうち、前述した、車両より十分大きい空間的な長さでフロア振動を検知し、フロア振動を検出する振幅方向の大きさの変化、フロア振動を検出する空間方向の長さの変化、及びフロア振動の検出可否のいずれか、又はそれらの組み合わせにより、道路表面の凹凸箇所の検出、および堆積物によるその振動の特徴の変化を解析する。 The analysis processing device 12 detects floor vibrations at a spatial length sufficiently larger than the vehicle, among the information analyzed in the spatial axis direction in a graph where the horizontal axis is distance and the vertical axis is elapsed time. Detection of irregularities on the road surface and accumulation by changes in amplitude in the amplitude direction for detecting vibrations, changes in the length in the spatial direction for detecting floor vibrations, and whether or not floor vibrations can be detected, or a combination thereof. Analyze changes in vibration characteristics caused by objects.
　解析処理装置１２は、非積雪時における道路表面の凹凸箇所での振動の特徴が、積雪時におけるその凹凸箇所での振動の特徴よりも一定値を超えて低減された、又は観測できなくなったことを持って、積雪状態にあることを推定する。 The analysis processing device 12 determines that the characteristics of vibrations at uneven locations on the road surface when there is no snowfall have been reduced by more than a certain value than the characteristics of vibrations at those uneven locations during snowy conditions, or have become unobservable. to estimate that there is snow cover.
　あるいは、解析処理装置１２は、予め、非堆積時及び既知の堆積の状態において光ファイバ５０に伝わる振動の特徴を記録しておく。この情報が蓄積データとなる。実際の堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量を推定する際に、解析処理装置１２は当該堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量（目的変数）における振動波形（評価データ）を取得し、蓄積データとの相関度を演算する。解析処理装置１２は、評価データとの相関度が最も高くなった蓄積データの堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量を実際の堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量として出力する。 Alternatively, the analysis processing device 12 records in advance the characteristics of the vibrations transmitted to the optical fiber 50 in the non-deposition state and in the known deposition state. This information becomes accumulated data. When estimating the actual presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits, the analysis processing device 12 acquires the vibration waveform (evaluation data) at the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits (objective variable), and combines it with the accumulated data. Calculate the degree of correlation. The analysis processing device 12 outputs the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits of the accumulated data that has the highest correlation with the evaluation data as the actual presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits.
　解析処理装置１２は、単独の測定地点の堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量を出力するのではなく、複数の測定地点の振動データを解析し、実際の積雪条件が概ね一定とみなされる範囲、例えば、半径２００ｍ以内にある測定地点で堆積物の有無を出力したり、平均した堆積物の量を出力してもよい。 The analysis processing device 12 does not output the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits at a single measurement point, but analyzes vibration data at a plurality of measurement points, and calculates the range in which the actual snow conditions are considered to be approximately constant. For example, the presence or absence of deposits at measurement points within a radius of 200 m may be output, or the average amount of deposits may be output.
　解析処理装置１２は、同一時間帯に振動測定器１１の測定する振動を解析し、演算することで堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量の推定精度を向上させることができる。同一時間帯とは、同一音源（前述した車両を含む）による振動を測定可能な時間範囲であることが望ましいが、実際の堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量が変わらない時間範囲であればよい。 The analysis processing device 12 can improve the accuracy of estimating the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits by analyzing the vibrations measured by the vibration measuring device 11 during the same time period and performing calculations. The same time period is preferably a time range in which vibrations from the same sound source (including the vehicle mentioned above) can be measured, but it may be a time range in which the presence or absence of actual deposits or the amount of deposits does not change. .
　解析処理装置１２は、振動測定器１１が測定した振動のうち、測定地点付近のデータのみを切り出して利用することで、蓄積すべきデータ容量を圧縮し、解析処理を高速化することができる。 The analysis processing device 12 can compress the amount of data to be accumulated and speed up the analysis process by cutting out and using only the data near the measurement point from the vibrations measured by the vibration measuring device 11.
　堆積物推定システム３０１は、振動測定器１１が複数の測定地点の振動を一括して分布測定し、解析処理装置１２が位置分解して解析することで、複数の測定地点の堆積物の有無又は堆積物の量を同時に推定することができる。このとき、光ファイバ５０は複数の測定地点を一筆書きで接続するように配置しておく。 In the sediment estimation system 301, the vibration measuring device 11 measures the distribution of vibrations at a plurality of measurement points all at once, and the analysis processing device 12 analyzes the positional resolution, thereby determining the presence or absence of deposits at the plurality of measurement points. The amount of sediment can be estimated at the same time. At this time, the optical fiber 50 is arranged so as to connect a plurality of measurement points with one stroke.
　本開示の解析処理装置１２はコンピュータとプログラムによっても実現できる。コンピュータに実行させるプログラムを記録媒体に記録することも、通信ネットワークを通して提供することも可能である。 The analysis processing device 12 of the present disclosure can also be realized by a computer and a program. A program to be executed by a computer can be recorded on a recording medium or can be provided through a communication network.
　以上説明したように、本開示の堆積物推定システム及び解析処理装置は、経済的に道路表面の堆積物の有無、又は堆積物の量を遠隔で推定することができる。 As explained above, the sediment estimation system and analysis processing device of the present disclosure can economically and remotely estimate the presence or absence of sediment on the road surface or the amount of sediment.
〔第２の実施形態〕
　本実施形態の堆積物推定方法の手順を図２及び図３に示す。図２に示す手順は、図３に示す手順の事前処理である。 [Second embodiment]
The procedure of the deposit estimation method of this embodiment is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The procedure shown in FIG. 2 is a pre-processing of the procedure shown in FIG. 3.
　図２において、事前振動測定ステップＳ０１では、振動測定器を利用して、道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバが受信した光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する。事前解析処理ステップＳ０２では、解析処理装置を利用して、事前振動測定ステップＳ０１で測定した測定地点における振動の特徴を解析する。蓄積ステップＳ０３では、解析処理装置を利用して解析した特徴を蓄積データとして蓄積する。 In FIG. 2, in preliminary vibration measurement step S01, a vibration measuring device is used to measure vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground. In preliminary analysis processing step S02, the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured in preliminary vibration measurement step S01 are analyzed using an analysis processing device. In the accumulation step S03, the features analyzed using the analysis processing device are accumulated as accumulated data.
　事前振動測定ステップＳ０１に先立ち、振動の時間軸方向で解析する情報及び振動の空間軸方向で解析する情報の少なくとも１つを解析し、測定地点を決定しておくことが望ましい。振動の特徴が顕著であれば、解析が容易だからである。 Prior to the preliminary vibration measurement step S01, it is desirable to analyze at least one of the information analyzed in the vibration time axis direction and the information analyzed in the vibration spatial axis direction to determine the measurement point. This is because if the characteristics of vibration are significant, analysis is easy.
　図２に示す事前処理は、堆積物の有無、又は堆積物の量が既知であるときに、堆積物の有無、又は堆積物の量ごとに振動の特徴を蓄積データとして蓄積しておく。 In the pre-processing shown in FIG. 2, when the presence or absence of deposits or the amount of deposits is known, vibration characteristics are accumulated as accumulated data for each presence or absence of deposits or amount of deposits.
　図３において、振動測定ステップＳ１１では、振動測定器を利用して、道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバが受信した光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する。振動測定ステップＳ１１は測定地点を車両が通過するときに実行する。車両が通過するときの振動が堆積物を介して光ファイバに伝わる。 In FIG. 3, in the vibration measurement step S11, a vibration measuring device is used to measure vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground. The vibration measurement step S11 is executed when the vehicle passes through the measurement point. Vibrations from passing vehicles are transmitted through the deposits to the optical fiber.
　解析処理ステップＳ１２で、堆積物の有無を推定するときは、解析処理装置を利用して、蓄積ステップＳ０３で蓄積した、測定地点における予め測定した振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の有無との関係を示す蓄積データと、振動測定ステップＳ１１で測定した測定地点における振動の特徴とを照合して、測定地点における堆積物の有無を推定する。 In the analysis processing step S12, when estimating the presence or absence of deposits, the analysis processing device is used to compare the pre-measured vibration characteristics at the measurement point accumulated in the accumulation step S03 with the pre-obtained presence or absence of deposits. The presence or absence of deposits at the measurement point is estimated by comparing the accumulated data showing the relationship with the vibration characteristics at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step S11.
　解析処理ステップＳ１２で、堆積物の量を推定するときは、解析処理装置を利用して、蓄積ステップＳ０３で蓄積した、測定地点における予め測定した振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の量との関係を示す蓄積データと、振動測定ステップＳ１１で測定した測定地点における振動の特徴とを照合して、測定地点における堆積物の量を推定する。 In the analysis processing step S12, when estimating the amount of sediment, the analysis processing device is used to compare the characteristics of the vibrations measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance, accumulated in the accumulation step S03. The amount of sediment at the measurement point is estimated by comparing the accumulated data showing the relationship with the vibration characteristics at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step S11.
　本開示の解析処理ステップＳ１２は、コンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムによっても実現できる。コンピュータに実行させるプログラムを記録媒体に記録することも、通信ネットワークを通して提供することも可能である。 The analysis processing step S12 of the present disclosure can also be realized by a program to be executed by a computer. A program to be executed by a computer can be recorded on a recording medium or can be provided through a communication network.
　以上説明したように、本開示の堆積物推定方法は、経済的に道路表面の堆積物の有無、又は堆積物の量を遠隔で推定することができる。 As explained above, the deposit estimation method of the present disclosure can economically and remotely estimate the presence or absence of deposits on the road surface or the amount of deposits.
　本開示は情報通信産業に適用することができる。 This disclosure can be applied to the information and communication industry.
１０：通信ビル
１１：振動測定器
１２：解析処理装置
５０：光ファイバ
５１：光ケーブル
５２：地面
３０１：堆積物推定システム 10: Communication building 11: Vibration measuring device 12: Analysis processing device 50: Optical fiber 51: Optical cable 52: Ground 301: Deposit estimation system

Claims (9)

  1. 　道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバと、
    　前記光ファイバが受信した前記光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器と、
    　測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の有無との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、前記振動測定器が測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴と前記蓄積データとを照合し、前記測定地点における堆積物の有無を推定する解析処理装置と、
    を備える堆積物推定システム。     Optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground,
    a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber;
    The relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance is held as accumulated data, and the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device are compared with the accumulated data. and an analysis processing device that estimates the presence or absence of deposits at the measurement point;
    A sediment estimation system comprising:
  2. 　道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバと、
    　前記光ファイバが受信した前記光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器と、
    　測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の量との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、前記振動測定器が測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴と前記蓄積データとを照合し、前記測定地点における堆積物の量を推定する解析処理装置と、
    を備える堆積物推定システム。     Optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground,
    a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber;
    The relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance is held as accumulated data, and the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device are compared with the accumulated data. and an analysis processing device that estimates the amount of sediment at the measurement point;
    A sediment estimation system comprising:
  3. 　前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴は、
    　前記振動の時間軸方向で解析する情報及び前記振動の空間軸方向で解析する情報の少なくとも１つであることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の堆積物推定システム。     The characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point are:
    The deposit estimation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the information is at least one of the information analyzed in the time axis direction of the vibration and the information analyzed in the spatial axis direction of the vibration.
  4. 　前記光ファイバは、
    　複数本が並列に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の堆積物推定システム。     The optical fiber is
    The deposit estimation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of books are arranged in parallel.
  5. 　光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器によって測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と測定地点における予め取得した堆積物の有無との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、
    　前記振動測定器が測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴と前記蓄積データとを照合して、前記測定地点における堆積物の有無を推定する解析処理装置。     Holding as accumulated data the relationship between the characteristics of the vibrations measured in advance at the measurement point by a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber and the presence or absence of deposits obtained in advance at the measurement point,
    An analysis processing device that compares the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device with the accumulated data to estimate the presence or absence of deposits at the measurement point.
  6. 　光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定器によって測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と測定地点における予め取得した堆積物の量との関係を蓄積データとして保有し、
    　前記振動測定器が測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴と前記蓄積データとを照合して、前記測定地点における堆積物の量を推定する解析処理装置。     Holding as accumulated data the relationship between the characteristics of the vibrations measured in advance at the measurement point by a vibration measuring device that measures vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber and the amount of deposits obtained in advance at the measurement point,
    An analysis processing device that compares the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured by the vibration measuring device with the accumulated data to estimate the amount of sediment at the measurement point.
  7. 　道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバが受信した前記光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定ステップと、
    　測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の有無との関係を示す蓄積データと、前記振動測定ステップで測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴とを照合して、前記測定地点における堆積物の有無を推定する解析処理ステップと、
    を備える堆積物推定方法。     a vibration measuring step of measuring vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground;
    The measurement is performed by comparing the characteristics of the vibration at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step with accumulated data indicating the relationship between the characteristics of the vibration measured in advance at the measurement point and the presence or absence of deposits acquired in advance. an analysis processing step for estimating the presence or absence of sediment at the point;
    A sediment estimation method comprising:
  8. 　道路表面又は道路地下に設置された光ファイバが受信した前記光ファイバの長手方向に分布する振動を測定する振動測定ステップと、
    　測定地点における予め測定した前記振動の特徴と予め取得した堆積物の量との関係を示す蓄積データと、前記振動測定ステップで測定した前記測定地点における前記振動の特徴とを照合して、前記測定地点における堆積物の量を推定する解析処理ステップと、
    を備える堆積物推定方法。     a vibration measuring step of measuring vibrations distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber received by the optical fiber installed on the road surface or underground;
    The measurement is performed by comparing the accumulated data showing the relationship between the vibration characteristics measured in advance at the measurement point and the amount of sediment acquired in advance with the vibration characteristics at the measurement point measured in the vibration measurement step. an analysis processing step for estimating the amount of sediment at the point;
    A sediment estimation method comprising:
  9. 　コンピュータに請求項５又は６に記載の解析処理装置として機能させるためのプログラム。 A program for causing a computer to function as the analysis processing device according to claim 5 or 6.
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