WO2024052602A1 - Method and device for saturating a steering wheel angle variation setpoint - Google Patents

Method and device for saturating a steering wheel angle variation setpoint Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024052602A1
WO2024052602A1 PCT/FR2023/051045 FR2023051045W WO2024052602A1 WO 2024052602 A1 WO2024052602 A1 WO 2024052602A1 FR 2023051045 W FR2023051045 W FR 2023051045W WO 2024052602 A1 WO2024052602 A1 WO 2024052602A1
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Prior art keywords
steering wheel
wheel speed
vehicle
speed
setpoint
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PCT/FR2023/051045
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French (fr)
Inventor
Loic Chambrin
Vincent DESCHAMPS
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Stellantis Auto Sas
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Publication of WO2024052602A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024052602A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W60/00Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles
    • B60W60/001Planning or execution of driving tasks
    • B60W60/0015Planning or execution of driving tasks specially adapted for safety
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/10Path keeping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0001Details of the control system
    • B60W2050/0019Control system elements or transfer functions
    • B60W2050/0026Lookup tables or parameter maps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0001Details of the control system
    • B60W2050/0019Control system elements or transfer functions
    • B60W2050/0027Minimum/maximum value selectors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0001Details of the control system
    • B60W2050/0019Control system elements or transfer functions
    • B60W2050/0028Mathematical models, e.g. for simulation
    • B60W2050/0031Mathematical model of the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10Longitudinal speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/12Lateral speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2552/00Input parameters relating to infrastructure
    • B60W2552/30Road curve radius
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2552/00Input parameters relating to infrastructure
    • B60W2552/53Road markings, e.g. lane marker or crosswalk
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2556/00Input parameters relating to data
    • B60W2556/40High definition maps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/20Steering systems
    • B60W2710/205Steering speed

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of autonomous vehicle driving assistance systems.
  • the invention relates to a method and a device for saturating a steering wheel angle variation setpoint to limit lateral movement of an autonomous vehicle.
  • vehicle means any type of vehicle such as a motor vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a storage robot in a warehouse, etc.
  • Autonomous driving of an “autonomous vehicle” means any process capable of assisting the driving of the vehicle. The method may thus consist of partially or totally steering the vehicle or providing any type of assistance to a natural person driving the vehicle. The process thus covers all autonomous driving, from level 0 to level 5 in the OICA scale, for International Organization of Automobile Manufacturers.
  • ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
  • ADAS systems allow the driver to take their hands off the steering wheel and let the system guide into a lane.
  • ADAS systems include a device capable of generating a reference trajectory, and comprise a control device, also called a control module, capable of ensuring that the vehicle follows this trajectory.
  • control module capable of ensuring that the vehicle follows this trajectory.
  • the reference trajectory corresponds to the middle of the lane of the road on which the vehicle is traveling.
  • the ADAS system seeks to ensure that a projection on the road of a point or origin of a vehicle landmark follows this trajectory.
  • this point or this origin of the vehicle reference is the center of gravity, the middle of the rear axle, the middle of the rear axle, ...
  • ADAS systems include numerous sensors capable of measuring and then determining the state of the vehicle (positions, speeds, accelerations, etc.), and then measuring and then determining the external environment of the vehicle (road, road markings, etc.). ground, traffic sign, roadside, other vehicles, etc.).
  • ADAS systems include or access data such as road maps, maps, road modeling, etc.
  • it is known to be able to identify the radius of curvature of a lane on which the vehicle is traveling.
  • a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a straight road or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend For example, this state depends on the radius of curvature of the track on which the vehicle is traveling.
  • the control device determines, for example, a position, a speed and a longitudinal acceleration, and also a position, a speed and a transverse acceleration. This results in a setpoint on the engine torque, the braking torques, the steering wheel angle and the steering wheel rotation speed.
  • the speed of rotation of the steering wheel is also called variation of the steering wheel angle, or steering wheel speed.
  • An object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned problem, in particular the invention makes it possible to guarantee a minimum time before leaving the lane of an autonomous vehicle in the event of an erroneous trajectory and that the vehicle is traveling on a straight line or in a bend, whether the vehicle is traveling slowly, for example the vehicle is traveling at a speed of approximately 50 km/h, or quickly, for example the vehicle is traveling at a speed greater than 100 km/h.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to a method of saturation of a steering wheel angle variation setpoint to limit lateral movement of an autonomous vehicle, said setpoint being an input variable of a control module for said vehicle, said method comprising the steps of:
  • a new steering wheel angle variation setpoint called a new setpoint
  • the new setpoint if the set steering wheel speed is greater than the maximum steering wheel speed, the new setpoint is equal to the maximum steering wheel speed, if the set steering wheel speed is less than the minimum steering wheel speed, the new setpoint is equal to the minimum steering wheel speed, otherwise the new setpoint is equal to the setpoint steering wheel speed, said new setpoint being used by said control module instead of said setpoint steering wheel speed.
  • the invention saves time before said vehicle leaves the lane. This time makes it possible to more reliably detect a malfunction of the ADAS system. It also warns the driver so that he can regain control of the steering of the vehicle early. The trajectory is then better controlled. We have gained controllability of the vehicle compared to the existing situation. In fact, the new setpoint will be lower than the set steering wheel speed. Thus, the vehicle will change trajectory, “turn”, less quickly.
  • the invention makes it possible to have a different saturation of the steering wheel speed between two driving situations, straight line and turn. For example, the saturation of the steering wheel speed will be greater, therefore a lower maximum steering wheel speed, in a straight line than in turns.
  • the method further comprises a step of acquiring a speed of said vehicle called longitudinal speed, then, in said step of determining said maximum steering wheel speed, a step of determining the maximum steering wheel speed as a function of said longitudinal speed.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to define a minimum time before said vehicle leaves the lane regardless of the longitudinal speed. This allows time to detect the control instruction error by a monitoring module and, then, to alert the driver so that he can regain control of the control of the vehicle. If the monitoring module cannot detect quickly enough, this also gives the driver time to regain control on their own initiative.
  • the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is all the smaller as the longitudinal speed of said vehicle is high.
  • the invention makes it possible, when the vehicle is traveling in a straight line, to increase the lane departure time when said vehicle is traveling at a higher speed compared to a higher speed.
  • the maximum steering wheel speed is at least equal to the greatest value of the maximum steering wheel speed determined in a straight line.
  • the invention makes it possible to have a different saturation depending on the driving situation, in a straight line and in turns. This allows for greater saturation of vehicle dynamics in a straight line.
  • the maximum steering wheel speed is equal to a constant.
  • the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a table linking a longitudinal speed to a maximum steering wheel angle speed.
  • the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a model of the dynamics of the vehicle.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a device comprising a memory associated with at least one processor configured to implement the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising the device.
  • the invention also relates to a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by the device according to the second aspect of the invention, lead it to implement the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a device, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a method of saturation of a steering wheel angle variation instruction, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention is described below in its non-limiting application to the case of an autonomous motor vehicle traveling on a road or on a lane.
  • Other applications such as a robot in a storage warehouse or a motorcycle on a country road are also possible.
  • Figure 1 represents an example of device 101 included in the vehicle, in a network (“cloud”) or in a server.
  • This device 101 can be used as a centralized device in charge of at least certain stages of the process described below with reference to Figure 2. In one embodiment, it corresponds to an autonomous driving computer.
  • the device 101 is included in the vehicle.
  • This device 101 can take the form of a box comprising printed circuits, any type of computer or even a mobile telephone (“smartphone”).
  • the device 101 comprises a RAM 102 for storing instructions for the implementation by a processor 103 of at least one step of the method as described above.
  • the device also includes a mass memory 104 for storing data intended to be retained after implementation of the method.
  • the device 101 may also include a digital signal processor (DSP) 105.
  • This DSP 105 receives data to format, demodulate and amplify this data in a manner known per se.
  • the device 101 also comprises an input interface 106 for receiving data implemented by the method according to the invention and an output interface 107 for transmitting data implemented by the method according to the invention .
  • the input interface 106 can receive the following data: position or geographical location of the vehicle, speed and/or acceleration of the vehicle, set or predetermined positions/speeds/accelerations, engine speed, position and/or travel of the clutch, brake and/or accelerator pedal, detection of other vehicles or objects, position or geographical location of other vehicles or objects detected, speed and/or acceleration of other vehicles or objects detected, state of operation of sensors, confidence index of data originating from or processed by sensors and/or devices similar to the device 101.
  • the sensors capable of providing data are: GPS associated or not with mapping, tachometers, accelerometers, RADAR, LIDAR, lasers, ultrasound, camera, etc.
  • the input interface 106 can receive a setpoint, such as a steering wheel angle setpoint, a steering wheel angle variation setpoint, etc., a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a straight line road or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend, a longitudinal speed, ...
  • a setpoint such as a steering wheel angle setpoint, a steering wheel angle variation setpoint, etc., a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a straight line road or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend, a longitudinal speed, ...
  • the output interface 107 can transmit data to other devices similar to the device 101.
  • This data can be a request to activate, pause or stop a function, value of a setpoint, such as set steering wheel speed, maximum steering wheel speed, minimum steering wheel speed, etc.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a saturation method of a steering wheel angle variation setpoint to limit lateral movement of an autonomous vehicle, said setpoint being a variable used by a control module of said vehicle, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step 201, ConvV is a step of acquiring said steering wheel angle variation setpoint, called setpoint steering wheel speed.
  • the control module uses the set steering wheel speed to guide the vehicle along a trajectory which allows it to follow a traffic lane.
  • this set steering wheel angle speed is transformed into electrical torque applied by an electric motor to the steering device.
  • the application of torque which can also be an effort, can be carried out at the steering wheel, the steering column, the pinion, the rack, and/or the links.
  • the objective is to turn the wheels according to a steering angle, and therefore to modify the lateral trajectory of the vehicle.
  • Step 202, State is a step of acquiring a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a road in a straight line or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend.
  • the determination of this state is known. It can come from the fusion of several data. For example, among this data, there is the provision of a curvature from data obtained by associating a geolocation of the vehicle with a map of the road. In another example, among these data, there is the provision of a curvature of the road from a processing of images acquired from the external environment of the vehicle, this processing making it possible to determine a geographical position of the track, the markings, etc. and/or to determine a mathematical model of the geographical position of the track, the markings,
  • Step 203, Vmax, Vmin is a step of determining a maximum steering wheel speed and a minimum steering wheel speed as a function of said state.
  • a steering wheel speed is a number in degrees per second, 7s, other units can be used.
  • the minimum steering wheel speed, Wolmin is equal to the opposite of the maximum steering wheel speed, Wolmax: VVolmin — Vvolmax-
  • the determination of the max steering wheel speed and the min steering wheel speed as a function of the state are obtained using a table:
  • the values are given as an indication and are adapted to a type of vehicle (width, length, mass, position of the center of gravity, length of the vehicle's wheelbase, width of the vehicle's track). Other values are possible and depend on the unit in which they are expressed.
  • the method further comprises a step of acquiring a speed of said vehicle called longitudinal speed.
  • said maximum steering wheel speed is determined as a function of said longitudinal speed. For example, maximum steering wheel speed and steering wheel speed minimum verify the following equations:
  • the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is all the smaller as the longitudinal speed of said vehicle is high.
  • the faster the vehicle travels therefore the higher the longitudinal speed of the vehicle, the more quickly the vehicle will exit the vehicle. way.
  • the maximum steering wheel speed is at least equal to the greatest value of the maximum steering wheel speed determined in a straight line.
  • the variation in steering wheel angle of the vehicle must be non-zero especially in the event of a variation in curvature such as entering a turn, exiting a turn, in the case of a switchback, etc.
  • the maximum steering wheel speed is equal to a constant. It is not necessarily necessary to strongly saturate a steering wheel angle variation instruction, because at low speed the vehicle will need more time to exit the lane.
  • the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a table linking a longitudinal speed to a maximum steering wheel angle speed.
  • a table is: [0046]
  • values are given for certain longitudinal velocities. If the longitudinal speed of the vehicle is between two values, the value of the maximum or minimum steering wheel speed may be equal to that corresponding to the higher longitudinal speed in the table, may be equal to that corresponding to the lower longitudinal speed in the table , or given by an extrapolation between 2 adjacent values.
  • the values can be obtained by simulation or by real vehicle tests.
  • the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a model of the dynamics of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle can be modeled by what is classically called a bicycle model with two degrees of freedom, with 3 degrees of freedom. We can also use more complex models.
  • Step 204 is a step of determining a new steering wheel angle variation setpoint, called new setpoint. This determination is such that:
  • Step 205, Pii is a step in which said new setpoint is used by said control module instead of said setpoint steering wheel speed.
  • saturation is applied to a variation in set steering wheel angle.
  • Saturation can also apply to a set steering wheel angle, to a set lateral acceleration, to a set yaw rate, to a set wheel steering angle, to a position or speed of movement of the steering rack or to any another variable linked to the lateral dynamics of the vehicle.
  • the invention also adapts to vehicles with “steer-b-y-wire” type steering for which there is no longer a direct mechanical coupling between the steering wheel and a wheel steering device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for saturating a steering wheel angle variation setpoint, said method comprising the steps of: - acquisition (201) of said steering wheel angle variation setpoint, referred to as steering wheel speed setpoint; - acquisition (202) of a status indicating whether the vehicle is travelling along a road in a straight line or whether the vehicle is navigating a bend; - determination (203) of a maximum steering wheel speed and of a minimum steering wheel speed according to said status; - determination (204) of a new steering wheel angle variation setpoint; if the steering wheel speed setpoint is above the maximum steering wheel speed, the new setpoint is equal to the maximum steering wheel speed, and if the steering wheel speed setpoint is below the minimum steering wheel speed, the new setpoint is equal to the minimum steering wheel speed, if not the new setpoint is equal to the steering wheel speed setpoint.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
Titre : Procédé et dispositif de saturation d’une consigne de variation d’angle volant. Title: Method and device for saturation of a steering wheel angle variation setpoint.
La présente invention revendique la priorité de la demande française 2208945 déposée le 07.09.2022 dont le contenu (texte, dessins et revendications) est ici incorporé par référence The present invention claims the priority of French application 2208945 filed on 07.09.2022, the content of which (text, drawings and claims) is here incorporated by reference
[0001] L’invention est dans le domaine des systèmes d’aide à la conduite de véhicule autonome. En particulier, l’invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de saturation d’une consigne de variation d’angle volant pour limiter un déplacement latéral d’un véhicule autonome. [0001] The invention is in the field of autonomous vehicle driving assistance systems. In particular, the invention relates to a method and a device for saturating a steering wheel angle variation setpoint to limit lateral movement of an autonomous vehicle.
[0002] On entend par « véhicule » tout type de véhicule tel qu’un véhicule automobile, un cyclomoteur, une motocyclette, un robot de stockage dans un entrepôt, etc. On entend par « conduite autonome » d’un « véhicule autonome » tout procédé apte à assister la conduite du véhicule. Le procédé peut ainsi consister à diriger partiellement ou totalement le véhicule ou à apporter tout type d’aide à une personne physique conduisant le véhicule. Le procédé couvre ainsi toute conduite autonome, du niveau 0 au niveau 5 dans le barème de l’OICA, pour Organisation International des Constructeurs Automobiles. [0002] The term “vehicle” means any type of vehicle such as a motor vehicle, a moped, a motorcycle, a storage robot in a warehouse, etc. “Autonomous driving” of an “autonomous vehicle” means any process capable of assisting the driving of the vehicle. The method may thus consist of partially or totally steering the vehicle or providing any type of assistance to a natural person driving the vehicle. The process thus covers all autonomous driving, from level 0 to level 5 in the OICA scale, for International Organization of Automobile Manufacturers.
[0003] Les procédés aptes à assister la conduite du véhicule sont aussi nommés ADAS (de l’acronyme anglais « Advanced Driver Assistance Systems »), systèmes ADAS ou systèmes d’aide à la conduite. Certains systèmes ADAS permettent au conducteur de lâcher les mains du volant et laisser le système guider dans une voie de circulation. Ces systèmes ADAS comporte un dispositif apte à générer une trajectoire de référence, et comporte un dispositif de pilotage, dit également module de pilotage, apte à faire en sorte que le véhicule suive cette trajectoire. Ces systèmes sont connus et permettent au véhicule de circuler sur la voie de circulation d’une route entre deux points géographiques donnés. [0003] The processes capable of assisting the driving of the vehicle are also called ADAS (from the English acronym “Advanced Driver Assistance Systems”), ADAS systems or driving assistance systems. Some ADAS systems allow the driver to take their hands off the steering wheel and let the system guide into a lane. These ADAS systems include a device capable of generating a reference trajectory, and comprise a control device, also called a control module, capable of ensuring that the vehicle follows this trajectory. These systems are known and allow the vehicle to travel on the lane of a road between two given geographical points.
[0004] Généralement, la trajectoire de référence correspond au milieu de la voie de la route sur laquelle circule le véhicule. Le système ADAS cherche à ce qu’une projection sur la route d’un point ou d’une origine d’un repère du véhicule suive cette trajectoire. Par exemple, ce point ou cette origine du repère du véhicule est le centre de gravité, le milieu de l’essieu arrière, le milieu de l’essieu arrière, ... [0004] Generally, the reference trajectory corresponds to the middle of the lane of the road on which the vehicle is traveling. The ADAS system seeks to ensure that a projection on the road of a point or origin of a vehicle landmark follows this trajectory. For example, this point or this origin of the vehicle reference is the center of gravity, the middle of the rear axle, the middle of the rear axle, ...
[0005] Ces systèmes ADAS comportent de nombreux capteurs aptes à mesurer puis à déterminer l’état du véhicule (positions, vitesses, accélérations, ...), et à mesure puis à déterminer l’environnement extérieur du véhicule (route, marquage au sol, panneau de signalisation, bord de route, autres véhicules, ...). Ces systèmes ADAS comportent ou accèdent à des données telle que cartographies routières, cartes, modélisations de la route... En particulier, il est connu de pouvoir identifier le rayon de courbure d’une voie sur laquelle le véhicule circule. Il est également connu de déterminer un état indiquant que le véhicule circule sur une route en ligne droite ou que le véhicule circule dans un virage. Par exemple, cet état est fonction du rayon de courbure de la voie sur laquelle circule le véhicule. [0005] These ADAS systems include numerous sensors capable of measuring and then determining the state of the vehicle (positions, speeds, accelerations, etc.), and then measuring and then determining the external environment of the vehicle (road, road markings, etc.). ground, traffic sign, roadside, other vehicles, etc.). These ADAS systems include or access data such as road maps, maps, road modeling, etc. In particular, it is known to be able to identify the radius of curvature of a lane on which the vehicle is traveling. It is also known to determine a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a straight road or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend. For example, this state depends on the radius of curvature of the track on which the vehicle is traveling.
[0006] Pour guider le véhicule, le dispositif de pilotage détermine, par exemple, une position, une vitesse et une accélération longitudinal, et également une position, une vitesse et une accélération transversal. Cela entraine une consigne sur le couple moteur, sur les couples de freinage, sur l’angle volant et sur la vitesse de rotation du volant. La vitesse de rotation du volant est également dite variation de l’angle volant, ou vitesse volant. Ces consignes sont déterminées à partir de mesures, de modèles mathématiques et de traitement informatiques. [0006] To guide the vehicle, the control device determines, for example, a position, a speed and a longitudinal acceleration, and also a position, a speed and a transverse acceleration. This results in a setpoint on the engine torque, the braking torques, the steering wheel angle and the steering wheel rotation speed. The speed of rotation of the steering wheel is also called variation of the steering wheel angle, or steering wheel speed. These instructions are determined from measurements, mathematical models and computer processing.
[0007] Les mesures et modèles comportent des erreurs et des incertitudes. Cela peut entraîner alors des erreurs sur la trajectoire à suivre, appelés erronés de trajectoire. Ces erronés de trajectoire entraînent une consigne de pilotage erronée. [0007] Measurements and models contain errors and uncertainties. This can then lead to errors in the trajectory to be followed, called trajectory errors. These trajectory errors result in incorrect piloting instructions.
[0008] Une consigne de pilotage erroné, surtout si elle introduit en moyenne un biais par rapport à la trajectoire idéale, vont faire que le véhicule dévie d’une trajectoire idéale, et va alors sortir de la voie. Par un module de surveillance, par un traitement des informations produites par certains capteurs de ces systèmes ADAS, il est possible détecter ces sorties de voies. Cependant, ces capteurs communiquent des informations sur la dynamique véhicule, et ces informations ne permettent pas de prédire ces sorties de trajectoires avant quelques secondes. Un certain temps est nécessaire pour identifier de manière sûre une sortie de voie. Ayant détecté une sortie de voie, et donc un dysfonctionnement important du système ADAS, le système ADAS est désactivé et le conducteur doit reprendre la main sur le contrôle de la trajectoire du véhicule en actionnant/tournant le volant. Cette reprise de main doit alors être fait en urgence. Pendant ce temps, le véhicule a pu franchir la voie, la trajectoire du véhicule est oscillante. On dit que qu’on a perdu temporairement le contrôle du véhicule, c’est- à-dire qu’on a perdu la capacité à maîtriser en tout temps de diriger le véhicule. [0008] An incorrect steering instruction, especially if it introduces on average a bias with respect to the ideal trajectory, will cause the vehicle to deviate from an ideal trajectory, and will then leave the lane. By a monitoring module, by processing the information produced by certain sensors of these ADAS systems, it is possible to detect these lane departures. However, these sensors communicate information on vehicle dynamics, and this information does not make it possible to predict these trajectory exits for a few seconds. It takes some time to safely identify a lane departure. Having detected a lane departure, and therefore a significant malfunction of the ADAS system, the ADAS system is deactivated and the driver must regain control of the vehicle's trajectory by operating/turning the steering wheel. This recovery must then be done urgently. During this time, the vehicle was able to cross the lane, the trajectory of the vehicle is oscillating. We say that we have temporarily lost control of the vehicle, that is to say that we have lost the ability to control the vehicle at all times.
[0009] Un objet de la présente invention est de remédier au problème précité, en particulier l’invention permet garantir un temps minimum avant la sortie de voie d’un véhicule autonome lors d’un erroné de trajectoire et ce que le véhicule circule sur une ligne droite ou dans un virage, que le véhicule circule lentement, par exemple le véhicule circule à une vitesse d’environ 50 km/h, ou vite, par exemple le véhicule circule à une vitesse supérieure à 100 km/h. [0009] An object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned problem, in particular the invention makes it possible to guarantee a minimum time before leaving the lane of an autonomous vehicle in the event of an erroneous trajectory and that the vehicle is traveling on a straight line or in a bend, whether the vehicle is traveling slowly, for example the vehicle is traveling at a speed of approximately 50 km/h, or quickly, for example the vehicle is traveling at a speed greater than 100 km/h.
[0010] A cet effet, un premier aspect de l’invention concerne un procédé de saturation d’une consigne de variation d’angle volant pour limiter un déplacement latéral d’un véhicule autonome, ladite consigne étant une variable d’entrée d’un module de pilotage dudit véhicule, ledit procédé comportant les étapes de : [0010] For this purpose, a first aspect of the invention relates to a method of saturation of a steering wheel angle variation setpoint to limit lateral movement of an autonomous vehicle, said setpoint being an input variable of a control module for said vehicle, said method comprising the steps of:
- acquisition de ladite consigne de variation d’angle volant, dite vitesse volant consigne ; - acquisition of said steering wheel angle variation setpoint, known as set steering wheel speed;
- acquisition d’un état indiquant que le véhicule circule sur une route en ligne droite ou que le véhicule circule dans un virage ; - acquisition of a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a straight road or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend;
- détermination d’une vitesse volant maximum et d’une vitesse volant minimum en fonction dudit état ; - détermination d’une nouvelle consigne de variation d’angle volant, dite nouvelle consigne, si la vitesse volant consigne est supérieure à la vitesse volant maximum, la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant maximum, si la vitesse volant consigne est inférieure à la vitesse volant minimum, la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant minimum, sinon la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant consigne, ladite nouvelle consigne étant utilisée par ledit module de pilotage au lieu de ladite vitesse volant consigne. - determination of a maximum steering wheel speed and a minimum steering wheel speed depending on said state; - determination of a new steering wheel angle variation setpoint, called a new setpoint, if the set steering wheel speed is greater than the maximum steering wheel speed, the new setpoint is equal to the maximum steering wheel speed, if the set steering wheel speed is less than the minimum steering wheel speed, the new setpoint is equal to the minimum steering wheel speed, otherwise the new setpoint is equal to the setpoint steering wheel speed, said new setpoint being used by said control module instead of said setpoint steering wheel speed.
[0011] En cas de consigne de pilotage erroné dudit véhicule autonome, l’invention permet de gagner du temps avant la sortie de voie dudit véhicule. Ce temps permet de détecter de manière plus sûre un dysfonctionnement du système ADAS. Il permet aussi d’avertir le conducteur pour qu’il reprenne la main sur la direction du véhicule de manière précoce. La trajectoire est alors mieux contrôlée. On a gagné en contrôlabilité du véhicule par rapport à la situation existante. En effet, la nouvelle consigne sera plus faible que la vitesse volant consigne. Ainsi, le véhicule changera de trajectoire, « tournera », moins vite. L’invention permet d’avoir une saturation de la vitesse volant différente entre deux situation de roulage, ligne droite et virage. Par exemple, la saturation de la vitesse volant sera plus forte, donc une vitesse volant maximum plus faible, en ligne droite qu’en virage. En effet, contrairement à l’idée reçue, il est indispensable de ne pas garder les mêmes valeurs en virage qu’en ligne droite, si on diminue la consigne. Si on garde une consigne faible établie en ligne droite pour la situation en virage, alors ces consignes faibles ne permettent pas de passer de manière autonome certains virages toute en restant dans la voie. Ainsi, dans la situation d’une route en lacet, une succession de virages sans ligne droite, la consigne de variation de l’angle volant ne sera pas ou très peu limitée. [0011] In the event of incorrect control instructions for said autonomous vehicle, the invention saves time before said vehicle leaves the lane. This time makes it possible to more reliably detect a malfunction of the ADAS system. It also warns the driver so that he can regain control of the steering of the vehicle early. The trajectory is then better controlled. We have gained controllability of the vehicle compared to the existing situation. In fact, the new setpoint will be lower than the set steering wheel speed. Thus, the vehicle will change trajectory, “turn”, less quickly. The invention makes it possible to have a different saturation of the steering wheel speed between two driving situations, straight line and turn. For example, the saturation of the steering wheel speed will be greater, therefore a lower maximum steering wheel speed, in a straight line than in turns. Indeed, contrary to popular belief, it is essential not to keep the same values in turns as in a straight line, if we reduce the instructions. If we keep a low setpoint established in a straight line for the turning situation, then these low setpoints do not allow certain bends to be passed autonomously while remaining in the lane. Thus, in the situation of a winding road, a succession of turns without a straight line, the steering wheel angle variation instruction will not be limited or very little.
[0012] Avantageusement, le procédé comporte en outre une étape d’acquisition d’une vitesse dudit véhicule dite vitesse longitudinale, puis, dans ladite étape de détermination de ladite vitesse volant maximum, une étape de détermination de la vitesse volant maximum en fonction de ladite vitesse longitudinale. [0012] Advantageously, the method further comprises a step of acquiring a speed of said vehicle called longitudinal speed, then, in said step of determining said maximum steering wheel speed, a step of determining the maximum steering wheel speed as a function of said longitudinal speed.
[0013] En cas de consigne de pilotage erroné dudit véhicule autonome, l’invention permet ainsi de définir un temps minimum avant une sortie de voie dudit véhicule quelle que soit la vitesse longitudinale. Cela permet de laisser le temps pour détecter l’erreur de consigne de pilotage par un module de surveillance et, ensuite, d’alerter le conducteur pour qu’il reprenne la main sur le pilotage du véhicule. Si le module de surveillance n’arrive pas à détecter suffisamment rapidement, cela laisse également le temps au conducteur de reprendre la main de sa propre initiative. [0013] In the event of incorrect control instructions for said autonomous vehicle, the invention thus makes it possible to define a minimum time before said vehicle leaves the lane regardless of the longitudinal speed. This allows time to detect the control instruction error by a monitoring module and, then, to alert the driver so that he can regain control of the control of the vehicle. If the monitoring module cannot detect quickly enough, this also gives the driver time to regain control on their own initiative.
[0014] Avantageusement, si l’état indique que le véhicule est en ligne droite, la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est d’autant plus petite que la vitesse longitudinale dudit véhicule est élevée. Advantageously, if the state indicates that the vehicle is in a straight line, the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is all the smaller as the longitudinal speed of said vehicle is high.
[0015] En cas de consigne de pilotage erroné dudit véhicule autonome, l’invention permet, lorsque le véhicule circule en ligne droite, d’augmenter le temps de sortie de voie lorsque ledit véhicule circule à vitesse plus forte vitesse par rapport à une vitesse volant maximum uniforme constant pour toutes les vitesses longitudinales. [0016] Avantageusement, si l’état indique que le véhicule est en virage, la vitesse volant maximum est au moins égale à la plus grande valeur de la vitesse volant maximum déterminée en ligne droite. [0015] In the event of incorrect control instructions for said autonomous vehicle, the invention makes it possible, when the vehicle is traveling in a straight line, to increase the lane departure time when said vehicle is traveling at a higher speed compared to a higher speed. constant uniform maximum steering wheel for all longitudinal speeds. Advantageously, if the state indicates that the vehicle is turning, the maximum steering wheel speed is at least equal to the greatest value of the maximum steering wheel speed determined in a straight line.
[0017] En cas de consigne de pilotage erroné dudit véhicule autonome, l’invention permet d’avoir une saturation différente selon la situation de roulage, en ligne droite et virage. Cela permet d’avoir une plus forte saturation de la dynamique du véhicule en ligne droite. [0017] In the event of incorrect piloting instructions for said autonomous vehicle, the invention makes it possible to have a different saturation depending on the driving situation, in a straight line and in turns. This allows for greater saturation of vehicle dynamics in a straight line.
[0018] Avantageusement, lorsque la vitesse longitudinale est inférieure à un premier seuil, par exemple 30 à km/h, la vitesse volant maximum est égale à une constante. Advantageously, when the longitudinal speed is less than a first threshold, for example 30 km/h, the maximum steering wheel speed is equal to a constant.
[0019] Avantageusement, la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est obtenue à partir d’une table liant une vitesse longitudinale à une vitesse d’angle volant maximum. Advantageously, the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a table linking a longitudinal speed to a maximum steering wheel angle speed.
[0020] Avantageusement, la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est obtenue à partir d’un modèle de la dynamique du véhicule. [0020] Advantageously, the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a model of the dynamics of the vehicle.
[0021] Un deuxième aspect de l’invention concerne un dispositif comprenant une mémoire associée à au moins un processeur configuré pour mettre en œuvre le procédé selon le premier aspect de l’invention. [0021] A second aspect of the invention relates to a device comprising a memory associated with at least one processor configured to implement the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
[0022] L’invention concerne aussi un véhicule comportant le dispositif. The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising the device.
[0023] L’invention concerne aussi un programme d'ordinateur comprenant des instructions qui, lorsque le programme est exécuté par le dispositif selon le deuxième aspect de l’invention, conduisent celui-ci à mettre en œuvre le procédé selon le premier aspect de l’invention. [0023] The invention also relates to a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by the device according to the second aspect of the invention, lead it to implement the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
[0024] D’autres caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention ressortiront de la description des modes de réalisation non limitatifs de l’invention ci-après, en référence aux figures annexées, sur lesquelles : Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description of the non-limiting embodiments of the invention below, with reference to the appended figures, in which:
[0025] [Fig. 1] illustre schématiquement un dispositif, selon un exemple particulier de réalisation de la présente invention. [0025] [Fig. 1] schematically illustrates a device, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
[0026] [Fig. 2] illustre schématiquement un procédé de saturation d’une consigne de variation d’angle volant, selon un exemple particulier de réalisation de la présente invention. [0026] [Fig. 2] schematically illustrates a method of saturation of a steering wheel angle variation instruction, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
[0027] L’invention est décrite ci-après dans son application, non limitative, au cas d’un véhicule automobile autonome circulant sur une route ou sur une voie de circulation. D’autres applications telles qu’un robot dans un entrepôt de stockage ou encore une motocyclette sur une route de campagne sont également envisageables. The invention is described below in its non-limiting application to the case of an autonomous motor vehicle traveling on a road or on a lane. Other applications such as a robot in a storage warehouse or a motorcycle on a country road are also possible.
[0028] La figure 1 représente un exemple de dispositif 101 compris dans le véhicule, dans un réseau (« cloud ») ou dans un serveur. Ce dispositif 101 peut être utilisé en tant que dispositif centralisé en charge d’au moins certaines étapes du procédé décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 2. Dans un mode de réalisation, il correspond à un calculateur de conduite autonome. [0028] Figure 1 represents an example of device 101 included in the vehicle, in a network (“cloud”) or in a server. This device 101 can be used as a centralized device in charge of at least certain stages of the process described below with reference to Figure 2. In one embodiment, it corresponds to an autonomous driving computer.
[0029] Dans la présente invention, le dispositif 101 est compris dans le véhicule. [0029] In the present invention, the device 101 is included in the vehicle.
[0030] Ce dispositif 101 peut prendre la forme d’un boitier comprenant des circuits imprimés, de tout type d’ordinateur ou encore d’un téléphone mobile (« smartphone »). [0030] This device 101 can take the form of a box comprising printed circuits, any type of computer or even a mobile telephone (“smartphone”).
[0031] Le dispositif 101 comprend une mémoire vive 102 pour stocker des instructions pour la mise en œuvre par un processeur 103 d’au moins une étape du procédé tel que décrit ci-avant. Le dispositif comporte aussi une mémoire de masse 104 pour le stockage de données destinées à être conservées après la mise en œuvre du procédé. The device 101 comprises a RAM 102 for storing instructions for the implementation by a processor 103 of at least one step of the method as described above. The device also includes a mass memory 104 for storing data intended to be retained after implementation of the method.
[0032] Le dispositif 101 peut en outre comporter un processeur de signal numérique (DSP) 105. Ce DSP 105 reçoit des données pour mettre en forme, démoduler et amplifier, de façon connue en soi ces données. The device 101 may also include a digital signal processor (DSP) 105. This DSP 105 receives data to format, demodulate and amplify this data in a manner known per se.
[0033] Le dispositif 101 comporte également une interface d’entrée 106 pour la réception des données mises en œuvre par le procédé selon l’invention et une interface de sortie 107 pour la transmission des données mises en œuvre par le procédé selon l’invention. The device 101 also comprises an input interface 106 for receiving data implemented by the method according to the invention and an output interface 107 for transmitting data implemented by the method according to the invention .
[0034] Par exemple, l’interface d’entrée 106 peut réceptionner les données suivantes : position ou localisation géographique du véhicule, vitesse et/ou accélération du véhicule, positions/vitesses/accélérations consignes ou prédéterminées, régime moteur, position et/ou course de la pédale d’embrayage, de frein et/ou d’accélération, détection d’autres véhicules ou objets, position ou localisation géographique des autres véhicules ou objets détectés, vitesse et/ou accélération des autres véhicules ou objets détectés, états de fonctionnement de capteurs, indice de confiance de données issues ou traitées par des capteurs et/ou dispositifs similaires au dispositif 101 . Par exemple, les capteurs aptes à fournir des données sont : GPS associé ou non à une cartographie, tachymètres, accéléromètres, RADAR, LIDAR, lasers, ultra-sons, caméra ... [0034] For example, the input interface 106 can receive the following data: position or geographical location of the vehicle, speed and/or acceleration of the vehicle, set or predetermined positions/speeds/accelerations, engine speed, position and/or travel of the clutch, brake and/or accelerator pedal, detection of other vehicles or objects, position or geographical location of other vehicles or objects detected, speed and/or acceleration of other vehicles or objects detected, state of operation of sensors, confidence index of data originating from or processed by sensors and/or devices similar to the device 101. For example, the sensors capable of providing data are: GPS associated or not with mapping, tachometers, accelerometers, RADAR, LIDAR, lasers, ultrasound, camera, etc.
Également, l’interface d’entrée 106 peut réceptionner une consigne, comme une consigne d’angle volant, une consigne de de variation d’angle volant, ..., un état indiquant que le véhicule circule sur une route en ligne droite ou que le véhicule circule dans un virage, une vitesse longitudinale, ... Also, the input interface 106 can receive a setpoint, such as a steering wheel angle setpoint, a steering wheel angle variation setpoint, etc., a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a straight line road or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend, a longitudinal speed, ...
[0035] Par exemple, l’interface de sortie 107 peut émettre des données vers d’autres dispositifs similaires au dispositif 101 . Ces données peuvent être demande d’activation, de mise en pause ou d’arrêt d’une fonction, valeur d’une consigne, comme vitesse volant consigne, une vitesse volant maximum, une vitesse volant minimum, ... [0035] For example, the output interface 107 can transmit data to other devices similar to the device 101. This data can be a request to activate, pause or stop a function, value of a setpoint, such as set steering wheel speed, maximum steering wheel speed, minimum steering wheel speed, etc.
[0036] [Fig. 2] illustre schématiquement un procédé saturation d’une consigne de variation d’angle volant pour limiter un déplacement latéral d’un véhicule autonome, ladite consigne étant une variable utilisée par un module de pilotage dudit véhicule, selon un exemple particulier de réalisation de la présente invention. [0036] [Fig. 2] schematically illustrates a saturation method of a steering wheel angle variation setpoint to limit lateral movement of an autonomous vehicle, said setpoint being a variable used by a control module of said vehicle, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention.
[0037] L’étape 201 , ConvV, est une étape d’acquisition de ladite consigne de variation d’angle volant, dite vitesse volant consigne. Dans l’état de l’art, le module de pilotage utilise la vitesse volant consigne pour guider véhicule selon une trajectoire qui permet de suivre une voie de circulation. Classiquement, cette vitesse angle volant consigne est transformée en couple électrique appliquée par un moteur électrique sur le dispositif de direction. L’application de couple, qui peut être également un effort, peut être réalisé au niveau du volant, de la colonne de direction, du pignon, de la crémaillère, et/ou des biellettes. L’objectif est de faire braquer les roues selon un angle de braquage, et donc de modifier une trajectoire latérale du véhicule. [0037] Step 201, ConvV, is a step of acquiring said steering wheel angle variation setpoint, called setpoint steering wheel speed. In the state of the art, the control module uses the set steering wheel speed to guide the vehicle along a trajectory which allows it to follow a traffic lane. Conventionally, this set steering wheel angle speed is transformed into electrical torque applied by an electric motor to the steering device. The application of torque, which can also be an effort, can be carried out at the steering wheel, the steering column, the pinion, the rack, and/or the links. The objective is to turn the wheels according to a steering angle, and therefore to modify the lateral trajectory of the vehicle.
[0038] L’étape 202, Etat, est une étape d’acquisition d’un état indiquant que le véhicule circule sur une route en ligne droite ou que le véhicule circule dans un virage. La détermination de cet état est connue. Elle peut être issue de la fusion de plusieurs données. Par exemple, parmi ces données, il y a la fourniture d’une courbure à partir données obtenues en associant une géolocalisation du véhicule à une cartographie de la route. Dans un autre exemple, parmi ces données, il y a la fourniture d’une courbure de la route à partir d’un traitement d’images acquises de l’environnement extérieur du véhicule, ce traitement permettant de déterminer d’une position géographique de la voie, des marquages, .... et/ou de déterminer un modèle mathématique de la position géographique de la voie, des marquages, [0038] Step 202, State, is a step of acquiring a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a road in a straight line or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend. The determination of this state is known. It can come from the fusion of several data. For example, among this data, there is the provision of a curvature from data obtained by associating a geolocation of the vehicle with a map of the road. In another example, among these data, there is the provision of a curvature of the road from a processing of images acquired from the external environment of the vehicle, this processing making it possible to determine a geographical position of the track, the markings, etc. and/or to determine a mathematical model of the geographical position of the track, the markings,
[0039] L’étape 203, Vmax, Vmin, est une étape de détermination d’une vitesse volant maximum et d’une vitesse volant minimum en fonction dudit état. Par exemple, une vitesse volant est un nombre en degrés par seconde, 7s, d’autres unités peuvent être utilisées. Avantageusement, la vitesse volant minimum, Wolmin, est égale à l’opposée de la vitesse volant max, Wolmax : VVolmin — Vvolmax-[0039] Step 203, Vmax, Vmin, is a step of determining a maximum steering wheel speed and a minimum steering wheel speed as a function of said state. For example, a steering wheel speed is a number in degrees per second, 7s, other units can be used. Advantageously, the minimum steering wheel speed, Wolmin, is equal to the opposite of the maximum steering wheel speed, Wolmax: VVolmin — Vvolmax-
[0040] Dans un mode opératoire, la détermination de la vitesse volant max et de la vitesse volant min en fonction de l’état sont obtenues à l’aide d’une table :
Figure imgf000008_0001
[0040] In one operating mode, the determination of the max steering wheel speed and the min steering wheel speed as a function of the state are obtained using a table:
Figure imgf000008_0001
Les valeurs sont données de manière indicative et sont adaptées à un type de véhicule (largeur, longueur, masse, position du centre de gravité, longueur de l’empattement du véhicule, largeur de la voie du véhicule). D’autres valeurs sont possibles et dépendent de l’unité dans lequel ils sont exprimés. The values are given as an indication and are adapted to a type of vehicle (width, length, mass, position of the center of gravity, length of the vehicle's wheelbase, width of the vehicle's track). Other values are possible and depend on the unit in which they are expressed.
[0041] Avantageusement, le procédé comporte en outre une étape d’acquisition d’une vitesse dudit véhicule dite vitesse longitudinale. Avantageusement, ladite vitesse volant maximum est déterminée en fonction de ladite vitesse longitudinale. Par exemple, la vitesse volant maximum et la vitesse volant minimum vérifient les équations suivantes : [0041] Advantageously, the method further comprises a step of acquiring a speed of said vehicle called longitudinal speed. Advantageously, said maximum steering wheel speed is determined as a function of said longitudinal speed. For example, maximum steering wheel speed and steering wheel speed minimum verify the following equations:
Wolmax=f(Etat, Vlongi), Wolmin=-Wolmax, où Wolmax est la vitesse volant maximum, VVolmin est la vitesse volant minimum, Etat est l’état désignant une circulation du véhicule sur une voie en ligne droite ou une circulation sur une voie en virage, Vlongi est la vitesse longitudinale, et f est une fonction qui associe à un couple de valeur de Etat et de Vlongi à une valeur de vitesse volant. Wolmax=f(State, Vlongi), Wolmin=-Wolmax, where Wolmax is the maximum steering wheel speed, VVolmin is the minimum steering wheel speed, State is the state designating vehicle circulation on a straight line or circulation on a turning track, Vlongi is the longitudinal speed, and f is a function which associates a pair of values of State and Vlongi with a value of steering wheel speed.
[0042] Avantageusement, si l’état indique que le véhicule est en ligne droite, la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est d’autant plus petite que la vitesse longitudinale dudit véhicule est élevée. En effet, pour une même valeur d’erronée de trajectoire, par exemple générant une variation d’angle volant consigne de 3 7s, plus le véhicule circule rapidement, donc plus la vitesse longitudinale du véhicule est forte, plus rapidement le véhicule va sortir de voie. En faisant varier la valeur de la vitesse volant maximum en fonction de la vitesse longitudinal du véhicule, on peut garantir un temps minimum avant sortie de voie quel que soit la vitesse longitudinale. Advantageously, if the state indicates that the vehicle is in a straight line, the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is all the smaller as the longitudinal speed of said vehicle is high. Indeed, for the same trajectory error value, for example generating a set steering wheel angle variation of 3 7s, the faster the vehicle travels, therefore the higher the longitudinal speed of the vehicle, the more quickly the vehicle will exit the vehicle. way. By varying the value of the maximum steering wheel speed as a function of the longitudinal speed of the vehicle, we can guarantee a minimum time before leaving the lane regardless of the longitudinal speed.
[0043] Avantageusement, si l’état indique que le véhicule est en virage, la vitesse volant maximum est au moins égale à la plus grande valeur de la vitesse volant maximum déterminée en ligne droite. En virage, il est peu utile de saturer la vitesse volant consigne puisqu’il faut que le volant tourne pour pouvoir suivre la courbure de la route, la variation d’angle volant du véhicule doit être est non nulle surtout en cas de variation de courbure comme en entrée de virage, en sortie de virage, dans le cas de virage en lacets, ... On sature par la plus grande valeur de la vitesse volant maximum pour éviter d’appliquer des variations d’angle volant trop importantes dues par exemple à une défaillance soudaine d’un capteur entraînant une variation d’angle volant consigne trop brusque. Advantageously, if the state indicates that the vehicle is turning, the maximum steering wheel speed is at least equal to the greatest value of the maximum steering wheel speed determined in a straight line. When turning, it is of little use to saturate the set steering wheel speed since the steering wheel must turn to be able to follow the curvature of the road, the variation in steering wheel angle of the vehicle must be non-zero especially in the event of a variation in curvature such as entering a turn, exiting a turn, in the case of a switchback, etc. We saturate with the greatest value of the maximum steering wheel speed to avoid applying excessively significant steering wheel angle variations due for example to a sudden failure of a sensor leading to too sudden a variation in the set steering wheel angle.
[0044] Avantageusement, lorsque la vitesse longitudinale est inférieure à un premier seuil, par exemple 30 à km/h, la vitesse volant maximum est égale à une constante. Il n’est pas forcément nécessaire de fortement saturer une consigne de variation d’angle volant, car à basse vitesse le véhicule aura besoin de plus de temps pour sortie de la voie. Advantageously, when the longitudinal speed is less than a first threshold, for example 30 km/h, the maximum steering wheel speed is equal to a constant. It is not necessarily necessary to strongly saturate a steering wheel angle variation instruction, because at low speed the vehicle will need more time to exit the lane.
[0045] Avantageusement, la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est obtenue à partir d’une table liant une vitesse longitudinale à une vitesse d’angle volant maximum. Par exemple, une table est :
Figure imgf000009_0001
[0046] Bien entendu, d’autres valeurs sont possibles. Des valeurs sont données pour certaines vitesses longitudinales. Si la vitesse longitudinale du véhicule est comprise entre deux valeurs, la valeur de la vitesse volant maximum ou minimum peut être égale à celle correspondante à la vitesse longitudinale supérieure dans le tableau, peut être égale à celle correspondante à la vitesse longitudinale inférieure dans le tableau, ou donnée par une extrapolation entre 2 valeurs adjacentes. Les valeurs peuvent être obtenues par une simulation ou par des essais réels sur véhicule.
Advantageously, the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a table linking a longitudinal speed to a maximum steering wheel angle speed. For example, a table is:
Figure imgf000009_0001
[0046] Of course, other values are possible. Values are given for certain longitudinal velocities. If the longitudinal speed of the vehicle is between two values, the value of the maximum or minimum steering wheel speed may be equal to that corresponding to the higher longitudinal speed in the table, may be equal to that corresponding to the lower longitudinal speed in the table , or given by an extrapolation between 2 adjacent values. The values can be obtained by simulation or by real vehicle tests.
[0047] Avantageusement, lequel la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est obtenue à partir d’un modèle de la dynamique du véhicule. Par exemple, le véhicule peut être modélisé par ce qu’on appelle classiquement un modèle bicyclette à deux degrés de liberté, à 3 degrés de liberté. On peut aussi utiliser des modèles plus complexes. [0047] Advantageously, the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a model of the dynamics of the vehicle. For example, the vehicle can be modeled by what is classically called a bicycle model with two degrees of freedom, with 3 degrees of freedom. We can also use more complex models.
[0048] L’étape 204, NewCons, est une étape de détermination d’une nouvelle consigne de variation d’angle volant, dite nouvelle consigne. Cette détermination est telle que : [0048] Step 204, NewCons, is a step of determining a new steering wheel angle variation setpoint, called new setpoint. This determination is such that:
•si la vitesse volant consigne est supérieure à la vitesse volant maximum, la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant maximum ; •if the set steering wheel speed is greater than the maximum steering wheel speed, the new set point is equal to the maximum steering wheel speed;
•si la vitesse volant consigne est inférieure à la vitesse volant minimum, la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant minimum ; •if the set steering wheel speed is lower than the minimum steering wheel speed, the new set point is equal to the minimum steering wheel speed;
•sinon la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant consigne. •otherwise the new setpoint is equal to the set steering wheel speed.
[0049] L’étape 205, Pii, est une étape dans laquelle ladite nouvelle consigne est utilisée par ledit module de pilotage au lieu de ladite vitesse volant consigne. Step 205, Pii, is a step in which said new setpoint is used by said control module instead of said setpoint steering wheel speed.
[0050] La présente invention ne se limite pas aux formes de réalisation décrites ci- avant à titre d’exemples ; elle s’étend à d’autres variantes. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of examples; it extends to other variants.
[0051] Ainsi, on a décrit ci-avant un exemple de réalisation dans lequel saturation est appliqué à une variation d’angle volant consigne. La saturation peut également s’appliquer à un angle volant consigne, à une accélération latérale consigne, à une vitesse de lacet consigne, à un angle de braquage de roue consigne, à une position ou vitesse de déplacement de la crémaillère de direction ou à toute autre variable liée à la dynamique latérale du véhicule. Ainsi, l’invention s’adapte aussi véhicules avec des directions de type « steer-b-y-wire » pour lesquelles il n’existe plus un couplage mécanique directe entre le volant et un dispositif de braque des roues. [0051] Thus, an exemplary embodiment has been described above in which saturation is applied to a variation in set steering wheel angle. Saturation can also apply to a set steering wheel angle, to a set lateral acceleration, to a set yaw rate, to a set wheel steering angle, to a position or speed of movement of the steering rack or to any another variable linked to the lateral dynamics of the vehicle. Thus, the invention also adapts to vehicles with “steer-b-y-wire” type steering for which there is no longer a direct mechanical coupling between the steering wheel and a wheel steering device.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Procédé de saturation d’une consigne de variation d’angle volant pour limiter un déplacement latéral d’un véhicule autonome, ladite consigne étant une variable utilisée par un module de pilotage dudit véhicule, ledit procédé comportant les étapes de : 1. Method for saturating a steering wheel angle variation setpoint to limit lateral movement of an autonomous vehicle, said setpoint being a variable used by a control module of said vehicle, said method comprising the steps of:
• acquisition (201 ) de ladite consigne de variation d’angle volant, dite vitesse volant consigne ; • acquisition (201) of said steering wheel angle variation setpoint, known as set steering wheel speed;
• acquisition (202) d’un état indiquant que le véhicule circule sur une route en ligne droite ou que le véhicule circule dans un virage ; • acquisition (202) of a state indicating that the vehicle is traveling on a straight road or that the vehicle is traveling in a bend;
• détermination (203) d’une vitesse volant maximum et d’une vitesse volant minimum en fonction dudit état ; • determination (203) of a maximum steering wheel speed and a minimum steering wheel speed depending on said state;
• détermination (204) d’une nouvelle consigne de variation d’angle volant, dite nouvelle consigne, ladite nouvelle consigne étant utilisée (205) par ledit module de pilotage au lieu de ladite vitesse volant consigne, telle que : o si la vitesse volant consigne est supérieure à la vitesse volant maximum, la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant maximum ; o si la vitesse volant consigne est inférieure à la vitesse volant minimum, la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant minimum ; o sinon la nouvelle consigne est égale à la vitesse volant consigne. • determination (204) of a new steering wheel angle variation setpoint, called a new setpoint, said new setpoint being used (205) by said control module instead of said set steering wheel speed, such that: o if the steering wheel speed setpoint is greater than the maximum steering wheel speed, the new setpoint is equal to the maximum steering wheel speed; o if the set steering wheel speed is lower than the minimum steering wheel speed, the new set point is equal to the minimum steering wheel speed; o otherwise the new setpoint is equal to the set steering wheel speed.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le procédé comporte en outre une étape d’acquisition d’une vitesse dudit véhicule dite vitesse longitudinale, puis, dans ladite étape de détermination de ladite vitesse volant maximum, une étape de détermination de la vitesse volant maximum en fonction de ladite vitesse longitudinale. 2. Method according to claim 1, in which the method further comprises a step of acquiring a speed of said vehicle called longitudinal speed, then, in said step of determining said maximum steering wheel speed, a step of determining the speed maximum steering wheel as a function of said longitudinal speed.
3. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel, si l’état indique que le véhicule est en ligne droite, la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est d’autant plus petite que la vitesse longitudinale dudit véhicule est élevée. 3. Method according to the preceding claim, in which, if the state indicates that the vehicle is in a straight line, the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is all the smaller as the longitudinal speed of said vehicle is high.
4. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel si l’état indique que le véhicule est en virage, la vitesse volant maximum est au moins égale à la plus grande valeur de la vitesse volant maximum déterminée en ligne droite. 4. Method according to the preceding claim, in which if the state indicates that the vehicle is turning, the maximum steering wheel speed is at least equal to the greatest value of the maximum steering wheel speed determined in a straight line.
5. Procédé selon les revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel lorsque la vitesse longitudinale est inférieure à un premier seuil, par exemple 30 à km/h, la vitesse volant maximum est égale à une constante. 5. Method according to claims 2 to 4, in which when the longitudinal speed is less than a first threshold, for example 30 km/h, the maximum steering wheel speed is equal to a constant.
6. Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est obtenue à partir d’une table liant une vitesse longitudinale à une vitesse d’angle volant maximum. 6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a table linking a longitudinal speed to a maximum steering wheel angle speed.
7. Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la détermination de la vitesse volant maximum est obtenue à partir d’un modèle de la dynamique du véhicule. 7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the determination of the maximum steering wheel speed is obtained from a model of the dynamics of the vehicle.
8. Dispositif (101 ) comprenant une mémoire (102) associée à au moins un processeur (103) configuré pour mettre en œuvre le procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes. 8. Device (101) comprising a memory (102) associated with at least one processor (103) configured to implement the method according to one of the preceding claims.
9. Véhicule comportant le dispositif selon la revendication précédente. 9. Vehicle comprising the device according to the preceding claim.
10. Programme d'ordinateur comprenant des instructions qui, lorsque le programme est exécuté par le dispositif (101 ), conduisent celui-ci à mettre en œuvre le procédé selon l’une des revendication 1 à 7. 10. Computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by the device (101), lead it to implement the method according to one of claims 1 to 7.
PCT/FR2023/051045 2022-09-07 2023-07-07 Method and device for saturating a steering wheel angle variation setpoint WO2024052602A1 (en)

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US20190092331A1 (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-03-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle driving support apparatus
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DE102020108368A1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-09-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method and system for controlling a vehicle by means of automatic longitudinal and lateral guidance

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2208945A1 (en) 1970-03-06 1974-06-28 Hoechst Ag
DE102016225971A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method and control unit for limiting the driving speed
US20190092331A1 (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-03-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle driving support apparatus
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