WO2024026733A1

WO2024026733A1 - Converter and power adapter

Info

Publication number: WO2024026733A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/109978
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王帅兵; 陈建; 戴宝磊
Original assignee: 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-08-03
Filing date: 2022-08-03
Publication date: 2024-02-08
Also published as: CN117378136A

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a converter and a power adapter. The converter comprises an inverter circuit, a resonant network, a transformer and a drive control module, wherein the inverter circuit comprises at least two switching tubes including a main switching tube and an auxiliary switching tube, which are connected in series; the transformer comprises a primary winding, a secondary winding and a primary auxiliary winding; a first connection end of the main switching tube is an input end of the inverter circuit and is connected to a power supply; a second connection end of the main switching tube is grounded by means of the auxiliary switching tube; the primary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to two ends of the auxiliary switching tube or two ends of the main switching tube by means of the resonant network; the secondary winding of the transformer is an output end of the converter and is connected to a load; the primary auxiliary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to two ends of at least two divider resistors connected in series; and the drive control module is configured to control, when the main switching tube is turned on and voltage zero-crossing of the primary auxiliary winding is detected, the main switching tube to be opened. By using the present application, the input voltage range of the converter can be widened.

Description

变换器和电源适配器Converters and power adapters

技术领域Technical field

本申请涉及电子电力领域，尤其涉及一种变换器和电源适配器。The present application relates to the field of electronic power, and in particular to a converter and a power adapter.

背景技术Background technique

变换器可以利用其自身的拓扑优势实现零电压开关(zero voltage switching，ZVS)、零电流开关(zero current switching，ZCS)以及宽范围输出，因此，变换器广泛应用于电源领域，例如手机适配器或者笔记本适配器等，用于实现高低电压的转换。例如，直流变换器中通常包括逆变电路、谐振网络、变压器和整流滤波电路，其中，逆变电路包括主开关管和辅开关管，通过交替驱动主开关管和辅开关管，逆变电路可以将直流电压转换为方波电压，谐振网络可以将方波电压转换为交流信号，整流滤波电路通过变压器接收谐振网络输出的交流信号，将交流信号整流为直流信号并为负载提供直流输出电压。The converter can use its own topological advantages to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS), zero current switching (ZCS) and wide range output. Therefore, the converter is widely used in the power supply field, such as mobile phone adapters or Laptop adapters, etc., used to achieve high and low voltage conversion. For example, a DC converter usually includes an inverter circuit, a resonant network, a transformer and a rectifier and filter circuit. The inverter circuit includes a main switch tube and an auxiliary switch tube. By alternately driving the main switch tube and the auxiliary switch tube, the inverter circuit can To convert the DC voltage into a square wave voltage, the resonant network can convert the square wave voltage into an AC signal. The rectifier filter circuit receives the AC signal output from the resonant network through the transformer, rectifies the AC signal into a DC signal and provides a DC output voltage to the load.

本申请的发明人在研究和实践过程中发现，由于直流变换器的输入电压范围与逆变电路中主开关管的最大导通时长相关，即在一定开关频率下，主开关管的最大导通时长越大，在相同的输出电压下逆变电路的输入电压最小值越小，即对应的输入电压范围越宽，因此，直流变换器中逆变电路的主开关管的最大导通时长的控制对直流变换器的输入电压范围的拓宽有着至关重要的影响。现有技术中，一般会是人为依据直流变换器的元器件参数计算固定的主开关管的最大导通时长并通过在线烧录方式将该最大导通时长配置至直流变换器的控制芯片中，最大导通时长配置的灵活性差，适应低，直流变换器的输入电压范围的拓展灵活性差。The inventor of this application discovered during research and practice that since the input voltage range of the DC converter is related to the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit, that is, at a certain switching frequency, the maximum conduction of the main switch is The longer the time, the smaller the minimum input voltage of the inverter circuit at the same output voltage, that is, the wider the corresponding input voltage range. Therefore, the control of the maximum conduction time of the main switch of the inverter circuit in the DC converter is It has a crucial impact on broadening the input voltage range of the DC converter. In the existing technology, people usually calculate the maximum conduction time of a fixed main switch based on the component parameters of the DC converter and configure the maximum conduction time into the control chip of the DC converter through online programming. The maximum on-time configuration has poor flexibility and low adaptability, and the DC converter has poor flexibility in expanding the input voltage range.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本申请提供一种变换器和电源适配器，可以提高变换器的输出电压控制中逆变电路的主开关管最大导通时长的控制灵活性，从而可拓宽变换器的输入电压范围，结构简单，适用性强。This application provides a converter and a power adapter, which can improve the control flexibility of the maximum conduction time of the main switch of the inverter circuit in the output voltage control of the converter, thereby broadening the input voltage range of the converter. It has a simple structure and is applicable Strong sex.

第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种变换器，包括逆变电路、谐振网络、变压器和驱动控制模块，其中，逆变电路中可以包括至少两个开关管，至少两个开关管中包括串联的主开关管和辅开关管；变压器中包括原边绕组、副边绕组和原边辅助绕组；主开关管的第一连接端作为逆变电路的输入端连接电源，主开关管的第二连接端通过辅开关管接地，变压器的原边绕组通过谐振网络并联于辅开关管两端或者主开关管两端，变压器的副边绕组作为变换器的输出端连接负载，变压器的原边辅助绕组并联于串联的至少两个分压电阻两端；驱动控制模块用于在主开关管导通且检测到原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制主开关管断开。In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a converter, including an inverter circuit, a resonant network, a transformer and a drive control module, wherein the inverter circuit may include at least two switch tubes, and the at least two switch tubes include The main switch tube and the auxiliary switch tube are connected in series; the transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding and a primary auxiliary winding; the first connection end of the main switch tube is connected to the power supply as the input end of the inverter circuit, and the second connection end of the main switch tube is connected to the power supply. The connection end is grounded through the auxiliary switch tube. The primary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to both ends of the auxiliary switch tube or the main switch tube through the resonant network. The secondary winding of the transformer serves as the output end of the converter and is connected to the load. The primary auxiliary winding of the transformer Connected in parallel to both ends of at least two voltage dividing resistors in series; the drive control module is used to control the main switch to turn off when the main switch is turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero.

在本申请实施例中，由于变换器的输入电压范围与逆变电路中主开关管的最大导通时长相关，即在一定开关频率下，主开关管的最大导通时长越大，在相同的输出电压下逆变电路的输入电压最小值越小，即对应的输入电压范围越宽，因此，变换器中逆变电路的主开关管的最大导通时长的控制对变换器的输入电压范围的拓宽有着至关重要的影响。本申请实施例，在变压器的原边增加一个原边辅助绕组，通过驱动控制模块采集原边辅助绕组的电压过零信号作为主开关管最大导通时长限制信号，即在原边辅助绕组的电压过零时刻断开主开关管，可以实现不同工作条件自适应地控制主开关管最大导通时长，提高变换器的输出电压控制中逆变电路的主开关管最大导通时长的控制灵活性，提高了变换器输入电压范围的配置灵活性，提高变换器的应用场景多样性，操作简单，适用性强。In the embodiment of the present application, since the input voltage range of the converter is related to the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit, that is, at a certain switching frequency, the greater the maximum conduction time of the main switch, the greater the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit. The smaller the minimum input voltage of the inverter circuit under the output voltage, that is, the wider the corresponding input voltage range. Therefore, the control of the maximum conduction time of the main switch of the inverter circuit in the converter affects the input voltage range of the converter. Broadening has a crucial impact. In the embodiment of this application, a primary auxiliary winding is added to the primary side of the transformer, and the voltage zero-crossing signal of the primary auxiliary winding is collected through the drive control module as the maximum conduction time limit signal of the main switch. That is, when the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding exceeds Turning off the main switch at zero time can realize adaptive control of the maximum conduction time of the main switch under different working conditions, improve the control flexibility of the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit in the output voltage control of the converter, and improve It increases the configuration flexibility of the converter input voltage range, improves the diversity of application scenarios of the converter, is simple to operate, and has strong applicability.

一种可能的实现方式，逆变电路为半桥逆变电路，逆变电路包括第一开关管和第二开关管，第一开关管为主开关管，第二开关管为辅开关管；第一开关管的第一连接端作为逆变电路的输入端连接电源，第一开关管的第二连接端通过第二开关管接地，变压器的原边绕组通过谐振网络并联于第二开关管两端；驱动控制模块，用于在第一开关管导通且检测到原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制第一开关管断开。In one possible implementation manner, the inverter circuit is a half-bridge inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube, the first switch tube is a main switch tube, and the second switch tube is an auxiliary switch tube; The first connection end of a switch tube is connected to the power supply as the input end of the inverter circuit, the second connection end of the first switch tube is grounded through the second switch tube, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to both ends of the second switch tube through the resonant network. ; The drive control module is used to control the first switch to turn off when the first switch is turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero.

在本申请实施例中，逆变电路可以适用于半桥逆变电路，变压器的原边绕组通过谐振网络并联于第二开关管两端。逆变电路中第一开关管为主开关管，驱动控制模块可以用于在第一开关管导通且检测到原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制第一开关管断开。采用半桥逆变电路，半桥式电路的开关管数量少，可以降低成本。In the embodiment of the present application, the inverter circuit may be applied to a half-bridge inverter circuit, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to both ends of the second switch tube through a resonant network. In the inverter circuit, the first switch tube is the main switch tube, and the drive control module can be used to control the first switch tube to turn off when the first switch tube is turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero. Using a half-bridge inverter circuit, the half-bridge circuit has a small number of switch tubes, which can reduce costs.

一种可能的实现方式，逆变电路为半桥逆变电路，逆变电路包括第一开关管和第二开关管，第一开关管为主开关管，第二开关管为辅开关管；第一开关管的第一连接端作为逆变电路的输入端连接电源，第一开关管的第二连接端通过第二开关管接地，变压器的原边绕组通过谐振网络并联于第一开关管两端；驱动控制模块，用于在第一开关管导通且检测到原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制第一开关管断开。In one possible implementation manner, the inverter circuit is a half-bridge inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube, the first switch tube is a main switch tube, and the second switch tube is an auxiliary switch tube; The first connection end of a switch tube is connected to the power supply as the input end of the inverter circuit, the second connection end of the first switch tube is grounded through the second switch tube, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to both ends of the first switch tube through the resonant network. ; The drive control module is used to control the first switch to turn off when the first switch is turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero.

在本申请实施例中，逆变电路可以适用于不同的电路结构，例如逆变电路可以为半桥逆变电路，另一种可能的电路连接方式为变压器的原边绕组通过谐振网络并联于第一开关管两端。逆变电路中第一开关管为主开关管，驱动控制模块可以用于在第一开关管导通且检测到原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制第一开关管断开。采用半桥逆变电路，半桥式电路的开关管数量少，可以降低成本。In the embodiment of the present application, the inverter circuit can be applied to different circuit structures. For example, the inverter circuit can be a half-bridge inverter circuit. Another possible circuit connection method is that the primary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to the third through a resonant network. A switch at both ends of the tube. In the inverter circuit, the first switch tube is the main switch tube, and the drive control module can be used to control the first switch tube to turn off when the first switch tube is turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero. Using a half-bridge inverter circuit, the half-bridge circuit has a small number of switch tubes, which can reduce costs.

一种可能的实现方式，逆变电路为全桥逆变电路，逆变电路包括第一桥臂和第二桥臂，第一桥臂包括串联连接的第一开关管和第二开关管，第二桥臂包括串联连接的第三开关管和第四开关管，第一开关管和第四开关管为主开关管，第二开关管和第三开关管为辅开关管；第一开关管的第一连接端作为逆变电路的输入端连接电源，第一开关管的第二连接端通过第二开关管接地，第三开关管的第一连接端连接第一开关管的第一连接端，第三开关管的第二连接端通过第四开关管接地，变压器的原边绕组通过谐振网络分别连接第一开关管与第二开关管的串联连接点和第四开关管与地的串联连接点；驱动控制模块，用于在第一开关管和第四开关管导通且检测到原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制第一开关管和第四开关管断开。In one possible implementation manner, the inverter circuit is a full-bridge inverter circuit. The inverter circuit includes a first bridge arm and a second bridge arm. The first bridge arm includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube connected in series. The second bridge arm includes a third switch tube and a fourth switch tube connected in series. The first switch tube and the fourth switch tube are the main switch tubes, and the second switch tube and the third switch tube are the auxiliary switch tubes; The first connection end serves as the input end of the inverter circuit and is connected to the power supply. The second connection end of the first switch tube is connected to the ground through the second switch tube. The first connection end of the third switch tube is connected to the first connection end of the first switch tube. The second connection end of the third switching tube is grounded through the fourth switching tube, and the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the series connection point of the first switching tube and the second switching tube and the series connection point of the fourth switching tube and ground through the resonant network. ; The drive control module is used to control the first switching tube and the fourth switching tube to be disconnected when the first switching tube and the fourth switching tube are turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero.

在本申请实施例中，逆变电路可以适用于不同的电路结构，例如逆变电路可以为全桥逆变电路，一种可能的电路连接方式为变压器的原边绕组通过谐振网络分别连接第一开关管与第二开关管的串联连接点和第四开关管与地的串联连接点。逆变电路中第一开关管和第四开关管为主开关管，驱动控制模块可以用于在第一开关管和第四开关管导通且检测到原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制第一开关管和第四开关管断开。采用全桥逆变电路，输出功率较大，要求功率开关管耐压较低，便于选管，可以在大功率场合得到广泛应用。In the embodiment of the present application, the inverter circuit can be applied to different circuit structures. For example, the inverter circuit can be a full-bridge inverter circuit. One possible circuit connection method is that the primary windings of the transformer are respectively connected to the first winding through a resonant network. A series connection point between the switch tube and the second switch tube and a series connection point between the fourth switch tube and ground. The first switch tube and the fourth switch tube in the inverter circuit are the main switch tubes. The drive control module can be used to control the The first switching tube and the fourth switching tube are disconnected. Using a full-bridge inverter circuit, the output power is large, and the power switch tube is required to have a low withstand voltage, which facilitates tube selection and can be widely used in high-power situations.

一种可能的实现方式，谐振网络包括第一电感、第二电感和第一电容；第一电感的第一端和第一电容的第一端分别耦合第二开关管两端，第一电感的第二端和第一电容的第二端分别耦合第二电感的两端，第二电感的两端并联连接变压器的原边绕组。In one possible implementation, the resonant network includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor; the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the first capacitor are respectively coupled to both ends of the second switch tube, and the first end of the first inductor The second terminal and the second terminal of the first capacitor are respectively coupled to two terminals of the second inductor, and the two terminals of the second inductor are connected in parallel to the primary winding of the transformer.

一种可能的实现方式，谐振网络包括第一电感、第二电感和第一电容；第一电感的第一端和第一电容的第一端分别耦合第一开关管两端，第一电感的第二端和第一电容的第二端分别耦合第二电感的两端，第二电感的两端并联连接变压器的原边绕组。In a possible implementation, the resonant network includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor; the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the first capacitor are respectively coupled to both ends of the first switch tube, and the first end of the first inductor The second terminal and the second terminal of the first capacitor are respectively coupled to two terminals of the second inductor, and the two terminals of the second inductor are connected in parallel to the primary winding of the transformer.

一种可能的实现方式，谐振网络包括第一电感、第二电感和第一电容；第一电感的第一端连接第一开关管与第二开关管的串联连接点，第一电容的第一端连接第四开关管与地的串联连接点，第一电感的第二端和第一电容的第二端分别耦合第二电感的两端，第二电感的两端并联连接变压器的原边绕组。In a possible implementation, the resonant network includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor; the first end of the first inductor is connected to the series connection point of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, and the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the series connection point of the first switch tube and the second switch tube. The second end of the first inductor and the second end of the first capacitor are respectively coupled to the two ends of the second inductor. The two ends of the second inductor are connected in parallel to the primary winding of the transformer. .

一种可能的实现方式，变换器中还包括整流滤波电路，整流滤波电路包括至少一个整流开关管或者至少一个整流二极管，整流滤波电路还包括滤波电容，变压器的副边绕组作为整流滤波电路的输入端，整流滤波电路的输出端作为变换器的输出端连接负载。In one possible implementation, the converter further includes a rectifier and filter circuit. The rectifier and filter circuit includes at least one rectifier switch or at least one rectifier diode. The rectifier and filter circuit also includes a filter capacitor. The secondary winding of the transformer serves as the input of the rectifier and filter circuit. terminal, the output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the load as the output terminal of the converter.

在本申请实施例中，变换器中还可以包括整流滤波电路，整流滤波电路包括至少一个整流开关管或者至少一个整流二极管，将变压器的输出电压经过整流滤波电路连接负载，为负载供电，整流滤波电路可以起到稳压的作用，可以增加变换器的工作稳定性。In the embodiment of the present application, the converter may also include a rectifier filter circuit. The rectifier filter circuit includes at least one rectifier switch or at least one rectifier diode. The output voltage of the transformer is connected to the load through the rectifier filter circuit to supply power to the load. The rectifier filter circuit The circuit can stabilize the voltage and increase the working stability of the converter.

一种可能的实现方式，整流滤波电路包括第一整流开关管和滤波电容，副边绕组的异名端连接第一整流二极管的阳极，第一整流二极管的阴极作为变换器的输出端连接负载，滤波电容并联变换器的输出端和参考地，副边绕组的同名端连接参考地。One possible implementation method is that the rectifier filter circuit includes a first rectifier switch tube and a filter capacitor, the opposite end of the secondary winding is connected to the anode of the first rectifier diode, and the cathode of the first rectifier diode is connected to the load as the output end of the converter. The filter capacitor is connected in parallel to the output end of the converter and the reference ground, and the same-name end of the secondary winding is connected to the reference ground.

在本申请实施例中，整流滤波电路可以适用于不同的电路结构，例如整流滤波电路可以包括一个整流二极管和一个滤波电容。整流滤波电路采用较少的元器件实现稳压的作用，不仅可以降低成本，还可以增加变换器的工作稳定性。In the embodiment of the present application, the rectifier and filter circuit can be adapted to different circuit structures. For example, the rectifier and filter circuit can include a rectifier diode and a filter capacitor. The rectifier and filter circuit uses fewer components to achieve voltage stabilization, which not only reduces costs but also increases the operating stability of the converter.

第二方面，本申请提供了一种电源适配器，该电源适配器可以包括如上述第一方面任一项的变换器，和至少一个输出接口模块；变换器的一端连接交流电源，变换器的另一端连接输出接口模块；变换器，用于将交流电源输入的交流电变换为直流电并通过输出接口模块为负载供电。In a second aspect, this application provides a power adapter, which may include a converter as described in any one of the above first aspects, and at least one output interface module; one end of the converter is connected to the AC power supply, and the other end of the converter Connect the output interface module; the converter is used to convert the AC power input from the AC power supply into DC power and supply power to the load through the output interface module.

本申请实施例提供的变换器可以适用于电源适配器，例如终端设备的电源适配器、工业电源、航天电源等，也可以适用于电源控制半导体控制器，例如包括但不限于集成电路组件、数字微控制器等多种应用领域，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。The converter provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to power adapters, such as power adapters for terminal equipment, industrial power supplies, aerospace power supplies, etc., and can also be applied to power control semiconductor controllers, including but not limited to integrated circuit components, digital microcontrollers, etc. Devices and other application fields, the specifics can be determined according to the actual application scenarios, and there are no restrictions here.

采用本申请实施例提供的变换器和电源适配器，可以无需外部人工配置参数、在不同工作条件下自适应限制第一开关管最大导通时长，从而拓宽变换器的输入电压范围。Using the converter and power adapter provided by the embodiments of the present application, it is possible to adaptively limit the maximum conduction time of the first switch tube under different working conditions without the need for external manual configuration parameters, thereby broadening the input voltage range of the converter.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是本申请实施例提供的电源适配器的一种应用场景示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the power adapter provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图2是本申请实施例提供的电源适配器的另一种应用场景示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the power adapter provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图3是本申请实施例提供的变换器的一种结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图4是本申请实施例提供的变换器的另一种结构示意图；Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图5是本申请实施例提供的整流滤波电路的结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectifier and filter circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图6是本申请实施例提供的变换器的另一种结构示意图；Figure 6 is another structural schematic diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图7是本申请实施例提供的变换器最大导通时间波形示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the maximum conduction time waveform of the converter provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图8是本申请实施例提供的变换器的另一种结构示意图；Figure 8 is another structural schematic diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图9是本申请实施例提供的变换器的另一种结构示意图。FIG. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

变换器可以将信源发出的电信号按一定的目的进行变换。按功能，变换器可以分为升压变换器、降压变换器和升降压变换器；按实现原理，变换器可以分为直流-直流变换器、直流-交流变换器和交流-直流变换器等。例如，直流变换器是一种将直流电能变换成负载所需的电压或电流可控的直流电能的电力电子装置。它通过对电力电子器件的快速通、断控制而把恒定直流电压斩成一系列的脉冲电压，通过控制占空比的变化来改变这一脉冲系列的脉冲宽度，以实现输出电压平均值的调节，再经输出滤波器滤波，在被控负载上得到电流或电压可控的直流电能。The converter can convert the electrical signal emitted by the source according to a certain purpose. According to functions, converters can be divided into boost converters, buck converters and buck-boost converters; according to implementation principles, converters can be divided into DC-DC converters, DC-AC converters and AC-DC converters. wait. For example, a DC converter is a power electronic device that converts DC power into voltage or current controllable DC power required by the load. It chops the constant DC voltage into a series of pulse voltages through rapid on and off control of power electronic devices, and changes the pulse width of this pulse series by controlling changes in the duty cycle to achieve adjustment of the average output voltage. After filtering by the output filter, DC power with controllable current or voltage is obtained on the controlled load.

电源输入电压都有一定范围，例如我国电网电压为220VAC，其输入范围的要求为165-264VAC，为了兼容欧标的110VAC，通常电源输入电压范围为85-264VAC。在直流开关电源应用中，通常也有个输入母线的类别，如通信行业一般为48VDC输入，其范围为36-75VDC。工业控制行业一般为24VDC和12VDC，24V输入的范围为18-36VDC，12VDC输入范围为9-18VDC，铁路行业的母线为110VDC，输入电压范围为66-160VDC。考虑到成本、变换器体积等原因，通常不会为每种输入电压开发不同的变换器，所以拓宽变换器的输入范围显得尤为重要。The power input voltage has a certain range. For example, my country's power grid voltage is 220VAC, and its input range requirement is 165-264VAC. In order to be compatible with the European standard 110VAC, the power input voltage range is usually 85-264VAC. In DC switching power supply applications, there is usually an input bus category. For example, in the communications industry, it is generally 48VDC input, with a range of 36-75VDC. The industrial control industry is generally 24VDC and 12VDC, the 24V input range is 18-36VDC, the 12VDC input range is 9-18VDC, the bus bar in the railway industry is 110VDC, and the input voltage range is 66-160VDC. Considering reasons such as cost and converter size, different converters are usually not developed for each input voltage, so it is particularly important to broaden the input range of the converter.

本申请实施例提供的变换器可以适用于电源适配器，例如终端设备的电源适配器、工业电源、航天电源等，也可以适用于电源控制半导体控制器，例如包括但不限于集成电路组件、数字微控制器等多种应用领域，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。请参阅图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的电源适配器的一种应用场景示意图。如图1所示，电源适配器的一端可以连接电网，另一端连接负载，电源适配器可以将电网的交流电按需要进行变换后为负载供电。其中，电网可以是用于提供给居民使用的市电，如220V等，负载可以为各类型的用电设备，例如终端设备、工业用电设备等。其中，不同类型的用电设备对应的电源适配器的结构可以不完全相同，相同类型的用电设备对应的电源适配器的结构可以不完全相同，在本申请中不作具体限定。The converter provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to power adapters, such as power adapters for terminal equipment, industrial power supplies, aerospace power supplies, etc., and can also be applied to power control semiconductor controllers, including but not limited to integrated circuit components, digital microcontrollers, etc. Devices and other application fields, the specifics can be determined according to the actual application scenarios, and there are no restrictions here. Please refer to Figure 1. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the power adapter provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, one end of the power adapter can be connected to the power grid, and the other end is connected to the load. The power adapter can convert the alternating current of the power grid as needed and then supply power to the load. Among them, the power grid can be commercial power provided to residents, such as 220V, etc., and the load can be various types of electrical equipment, such as terminal equipment, industrial electrical equipment, etc. The structures of power adapters corresponding to different types of electrical equipment may not be exactly the same, and the structures of power adapters corresponding to the same type of electrical equipment may not be exactly the same, which are not specifically limited in this application.

下面将以终端设备的电源适配器应用场景为例进行说明。请参见图2，图2是本申请实施例提供的电源适配器的另一种应用场景示意图。如图2所示，电源适配器201可以适用于终端设备202的供电或者电池充电等应用场景，电源适配器201可以包括电源接口、变换器、至少一个输出接口等，终端设备202可以是笔记本电脑、智能手机、平板电脑、掌上电脑(personal digital assistant，PDA)以及可穿戴设备等电子设备，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。换句话说，本申请提供的变换器可以应用于包括但不限于电脑适配器、手机适配器、可穿戴设备等电子设备的适配器等，具体可根据实际应用场景确定。The following will take the power adapter application scenario of terminal equipment as an example. Please refer to Figure 2. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the power adapter provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the power adapter 201 can be suitable for application scenarios such as power supply or battery charging of the terminal device 202. The power adapter 201 can include a power interface, a converter, at least one output interface, etc. The terminal device 202 can be a notebook computer, a smart phone, etc. Electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and wearable devices can be determined based on actual application scenarios and are not limited here. In other words, the converter provided in this application can be applied to adapters of electronic devices including but not limited to computer adapters, mobile phone adapters, wearable devices, etc. The specifics can be determined according to the actual application scenario.

在电源适配器201中，变换器可以是直流-直流变换器，具体地，电源适配器201还可以包括交直流转换电路，交直流转换电路连接电网的交流电源，变换器分别连接交直流转换电路和至少一个输出接口，交直流转换电路用于将电网中的交流电转换为直流电，变换器用于将交直流转换电路输出的直流电进行变换后通过至少一个输出接口为负载供电。在图2所示的电源适配器的实际应用场景中，为了拓宽变换器的输入电压范围，可以实现不同工作条件自适应地控制主开关管最大导通时长，提高变换器的输出电压控制中逆变电路的主开关管最大导通时长的控制灵活性，提高了变换器输入电压范围的配置灵活性，提高变换器的应用场景多样性，操作简单，适用性强。In the power adapter 201, the converter may be a DC-DC converter. Specifically, the power adapter 201 may also include an AC-DC conversion circuit, the AC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the AC power supply of the power grid, and the converters are respectively connected to the AC-DC conversion circuit and at least An output interface, the AC-DC conversion circuit is used to convert the AC power in the power grid into DC power, and the converter is used to convert the DC power output by the AC-DC conversion circuit and then supply power to the load through at least one output interface. In the actual application scenario of the power adapter shown in Figure 2, in order to broaden the input voltage range of the converter, it is possible to adaptively control the maximum conduction time of the main switch under different working conditions and improve the output voltage of the converter in the inverter control. The control flexibility of the maximum conduction time of the main switch of the circuit improves the configuration flexibility of the input voltage range of the converter, improves the diversity of application scenarios of the converter, is simple to operate, and has strong applicability.

下面将结合图3-图9对本申请提供的变换器进行示例说明。The converter provided by this application will be illustrated below with reference to Figures 3-9.

请参阅图3，图3是本申请实施例提供的变换器的一种结构示意图。如图3所示，该变换器30可以包括逆变电路301、谐振网络302、变压器303和驱动控制模块304，其中，逆变电路中包括至少两个开关管，至少两个开关管中包括串联的主开关管和辅开关管，变压器303中包括原边绕组N _P、副边绕组N _S和原边辅助绕组N _A；主开关管的第一连接端作为逆变电路301的输入端连接电源Vin，主开关管的第二连接端通过辅开关管接地，变压器303的原边绕组N _P通过谐振网络302并联于辅开关管两端或者主开关管两端，变压器303的副边绕组N _S作为变换器30的输出端连接负载，变压器303的原边辅助绕组N _A并联于串联的两个分压电阻R1和R2两端，可选地，两个分压电阻R1和R2的串联连接点连接驱动控制模块304；驱动控制模块304用于在主开关管导通且检测到原边辅助绕组N _A的电压过零时，控制主开关管断开。 Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the converter 30 may include an inverter circuit 301, a resonant network 302, a transformer 303 and a drive control module 304, wherein the inverter circuit includes at least two switch tubes, and at least two switch tubes include series The main switch tube and the auxiliary switch tube, the transformer 303 includes a primary winding N _P , a secondary winding N _S and a primary auxiliary winding _NA ; the first connection end of the main switch tube serves as the input end of the inverter circuit 301 and is connected to the power supply. Vin, the second connection end of the main switch tube is grounded through the auxiliary switch tube. The primary winding N _P of the transformer 303 is connected in parallel to both ends of the auxiliary switch tube or both ends of the main switch tube through the resonant network 302. The secondary winding N _S of the transformer 303 As the output end of the converter 30 is connected to the load, the primary auxiliary winding _NA of the transformer 303 is connected in parallel to both ends of the two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 in series. Optionally, the series connection point of the two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 is The drive control module 304 is connected; the drive control module 304 is used to control the main switch to turn off when the main switch is turned on and detects that the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding _NA crosses zero.

可以理解，分压电阻可以包括至少两个电阻，本申请各实施例中(如图3-图9)仅以两个分压电阻R1和R2进行示例性说明，本申请实施例对分压电阻的个数不作限定。It can be understood that the voltage dividing resistor may include at least two resistors. In each embodiment of the present application (as shown in Figure 3 to Figure 9), only two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 are used as examples. In the embodiment of the present application, the voltage dividing resistor The number is not limited.

需要说明的是，电压过零可以理解为正负直流，如脉冲电流，或者正负幅度的交流，从正到负或者从负到正，电压通过零点可以称为电压过零。在申请实施例中，根据原边辅助绕组同名端位置不同，原边辅助绕组电压可以由正到负过零，也可以由负到正过零。需要说明的是，过零的点也可以是电压略大于零点或略小于零点的阈值点，其可以包括在本申请的保护范围内。It should be noted that voltage zero crossing can be understood as positive and negative DC, such as pulse current, or positive and negative amplitude AC, from positive to negative or from negative to positive, and the voltage passing through the zero point can be called voltage zero crossing. In the application embodiment, depending on the position of the same terminal of the primary auxiliary winding, the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding can cross zero from positive to negative, or can cross zero from negative to positive. It should be noted that the zero-crossing point may also be a threshold point where the voltage is slightly greater than or slightly less than zero, which may be included in the protection scope of the present application.

进一步可选地，请参阅图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的变换器的另一种结构示意图。如图4所示，变换器30还可以包括整流滤波电路305，整流滤波电路305包括至少一个整流开关管或者至少一个整流二极管，整流滤波电路305还包括滤波电容，变压器303的副边绕组N _S作为整流滤波电路305的输入端，整流滤波电路的输出端作为变换器30的输出端连接负载。请参阅图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的整流滤波电路的结构示意图。在一个实施例中，如图5的(a)所示，整流滤波电路305可以包括第一整流二极管D1和滤波电容Co，变压器的副边绕组N _S的异名端连接第一整流二极管D1的阳极，第一整流二极管D1的阴极作为变换器30的输出端连接负载，滤波电容Co并联变换器的输出端和参考地，副边绕组N _S的同名端连接参考地，可以理解，图5的(a)中的一个整流二极管也可以替换成一个整流开关管。在一个实施例中，如图5的(b)所示，整流滤波电路305可以包括第一整流开关管Q1、第二整流开关管Q2和滤波电容Co，可以理解，图5的(b)中的两个整流开关管也可以替换成两个整流二极管，还可以替换成一个整流二极管和一个整流开关管。在一个实施例中，如图5的(c)所示，整流滤波电路305可以包括第一整流开关管Q1、第二整流开关管Q2、第一整流二极管D1、第二整流二极管D2和滤波电容Co，可以理解，图5的(c)中的两个整流开关管和两个整流开关管也可以替换成四个整流开关管，或者可以替换成四个整流二极管，或者可以替换成一个整流二极管三个整流开关管，或者可以替换成一个整流开关管三个整流二极管。图5仅以部分实施例进行举例说明，本申请对整流滤波电路的电路结构不作限定。 Further optionally, please refer to FIG. 4 , which is another structural schematic diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the converter 30 may also include a rectifier and filter circuit 305. The rectifier and filter circuit 305 includes at least one rectifier switch or at least one rectifier diode. The rectifier and filter circuit 305 also includes a filter capacitor. The secondary winding N _S of the transformer 303 As the input terminal of the rectifier filter circuit 305, the output terminal of the rectifier filter circuit serves as the output terminal of the converter 30 and is connected to the load. Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a rectifier and filter circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5(a) , the rectifier filter circuit 305 may include a first rectifier diode D1 and a filter capacitor Co. The opposite end of the secondary winding N _S of the transformer is connected to the first rectifier diode D1 The anode and the cathode of the first rectifier diode D1 serve as the output end of the converter 30 and are connected to the load. The filter capacitor Co is connected in parallel to the output end of the converter and the reference ground. The same terminal of the secondary winding N _S is connected to the reference ground. It can be understood that in Figure 5 A rectifier diode in (a) can also be replaced by a rectifier switch. In one embodiment, as shown in (b) of Figure 5 , the rectifier and filter circuit 305 may include a first rectifier switch Q1, a second rectifier switch Q2 and a filter capacitor Co. It can be understood that in (b) of Figure 5 The two rectifier switch tubes can also be replaced with two rectifier diodes, or one rectifier diode and one rectifier switch tube. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5(c) , the rectifier filter circuit 305 may include a first rectifier switch Q1, a second rectifier switch Q2, a first rectifier diode D1, a second rectifier diode D2 and a filter capacitor. Co, it can be understood that the two rectifier switch tubes and the two rectifier switch tubes in (c) of Figure 5 can also be replaced with four rectifier switch tubes, or can be replaced with four rectifier diodes, or can be replaced with one rectifier diode Three rectifier switch tubes, or can be replaced with one rectifier switch tube and three rectifier diodes. FIG. 5 only illustrates some embodiments, and this application does not limit the circuit structure of the rectifier and filter circuit.

在本申请实施例中，相较于图3而言，图4所示的变换器结构还可以包括整流滤波电路，由于变换器的输入电压范围与逆变电路中主开关管的最大导通时长相关，即在一定开关频率下，主开关管的最大导通时长越大，在相同的输出电压下逆变电路的输入电压最小值越小，即对应的输入电压范围越宽，因此，变换器中逆变电路的主开关管的最大导通时长的控制对变换器的输入电压范围的拓宽有着至关重要的影响。本申请实施例，在变压器的原边增加一个原边辅助绕组，通过驱动控制模块采集原边辅助绕组的电压过零信号作为主开关管最大导通时长限制信号，即在原边辅助绕组的电压过零时刻断开主开关管，不仅可以实现不同工作条件自适应地控制主开关管最大导通时长，提高变换器的输出电压控制中逆变电路的主开关管最大导通时长的控制灵活性，提高变换器输入电压范围的配置灵活性，提高变换器的应用场景多样性，操作简单，适用性强，而且将变压器的输出电压经过整流滤波电路连接负载，为负载供电，整流滤波电路可以起到稳压的作用，可以增加变换器的工作稳定性。In the embodiment of the present application, compared with Figure 3, the converter structure shown in Figure 4 can also include a rectifier filter circuit. Since the input voltage range of the converter is different from the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit, Related, that is, at a certain switching frequency, the greater the maximum conduction time of the main switch, the smaller the minimum input voltage of the inverter circuit at the same output voltage, that is, the wider the corresponding input voltage range, therefore, the converter The control of the maximum conduction time of the main switch of the inverter circuit has a crucial impact on broadening the input voltage range of the converter. In the embodiment of this application, a primary auxiliary winding is added to the primary side of the transformer, and the voltage zero-crossing signal of the primary auxiliary winding is collected through the drive control module as the maximum conduction time limit signal of the main switch. That is, when the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding exceeds Turning off the main switch at zero time not only enables adaptive control of the maximum conduction time of the main switch under different working conditions, but also improves the control flexibility of the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit in the output voltage control of the converter. Improve the configuration flexibility of the input voltage range of the converter, increase the diversity of application scenarios of the converter, simple operation, strong applicability, and connect the output voltage of the transformer to the load through the rectifier filter circuit to power the load. The rectifier filter circuit can play a role The function of voltage stabilization can increase the working stability of the converter.

上述图3或图4所示的变换器30中的逆变电路301可以是半桥逆变电路，也可以是全桥逆变电路，或者可以是其它能够实现逆变功能的电路，整流滤波电路305可以是包括一个整流二极管/整流开关管的整流滤波电路，也可以是包括两个整流二极管/两个整流开关管/一个整流二极管和一个整流开关管的半桥整流滤波电路，还可以是包括四个整流二极管/四个整流开关管/两个整流二极管两个整流开关管/一个整流二极管三个整流开关管/一个整流开关管三个整流二极管的全桥整流滤波电路，本申请实施例对此不作限定。The inverter circuit 301 in the converter 30 shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4 can be a half-bridge inverter circuit, a full-bridge inverter circuit, or other circuits capable of realizing the inverter function, such as a rectifier and filter circuit. 305 may be a rectifier filter circuit including one rectifier diode/rectifier switch tube, or a half-bridge rectifier filter circuit including two rectifier diodes/two rectifier switch tubes/one rectifier diode and one rectifier switch tube, or it may include A full-bridge rectifier filter circuit of four rectifier diodes/four rectifier switches/two rectifier diodes and two rectifier switches/one rectifier diode and three rectifier switches/one rectifier switch and three rectifier diodes. The embodiment of this application is suitable for This is not a limitation.

下面以变换器30中的逆变电路301为半桥逆变电路、整流滤波电路305为包括一个二极管的整流滤波电路进行示例性说明。请参阅图6，图6是本申请实施例提供的变换器的另一种结构示意图。图6是图4的细化实施例的结构示意图。如图6所示，该变换器30可以是不对称半桥反激变换器，包括逆变电路301、谐振网络302、变压器303、驱动控制模块304和整流滤波电路305，其中，逆变电路301为半桥逆变电路，逆变电路301包括第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2，第一开关管S1为主开关管，第二开关管S2为辅开关管，变压器303中包括原边绕组N _P、副边绕组N _S和原边辅助绕组N _A，谐振网络302包括第一电感Lr、第二电感Lm和第一电容Cr，整流滤波电路305包括第一整流二极管D1和滤波电容Co，驱动控制模块304包括PWM控制器和驱动器。 Hereinafter, the inverter circuit 301 in the converter 30 is a half-bridge inverter circuit, and the rectifier and filter circuit 305 is a rectifier and filter circuit including a diode. Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is another schematic structural diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the detailed embodiment of FIG. 4 . As shown in Figure 6, the converter 30 may be an asymmetric half-bridge flyback converter, including an inverter circuit 301, a resonant network 302, a transformer 303, a drive control module 304 and a rectifier and filter circuit 305, where the inverter circuit 301 It is a half-bridge inverter circuit. The inverter circuit 301 includes a first switch S1 and a second switch S2. The first switch S1 is a main switch and the second switch S2 is an auxiliary switch. The transformer 303 includes a primary switch. Winding N _P , secondary winding N _S and primary auxiliary winding _NA , the resonant network 302 includes a first inductor Lr, a second inductor Lm and a first capacitor Cr, the rectifier filter circuit 305 includes a first rectifier diode D1 and a filter capacitor Co , the drive control module 304 includes a PWM controller and a driver.

具体地，第一开关管S1的第一连接端作为逆变电路301的输入端连接电源Vin，第一开关管S1的第二连接端通过第二开关管S2接地。变压器303的原边绕组N _P通过谐振网络302并联于第二开关管S2两端。具体地，第一电感Lr的第一端和第一电容Cr的第一端分别耦合第二开关管S2两端，第一电感Lr的第二端和第一电容Cr的第二端分别耦合第二电感Lm的两端，第二电感Lm的两端并联连接变压器303的原边绕组N _P。变压器303的副边绕组N _S的异名端连接第一整流二极管D1的阳极，第一整流二极管D1的阴极作为变换器30的输出端连接负载，滤波电容Co并联变换器30的输出端和参考地，副边绕组的N _S同名端连接参考地。变压器303的原边辅助绕组N _A并联于串联的两个分压电阻R1和R2两端，可选地，两个分压电阻R1和R2的串联连接点连接驱动控制模块304。驱动控制模块304，用于在第一开关管S1导通且检测到原边辅助绕组N _A的电压Vaux过零时，控制第一开关管S1断开。具体地，在检测到原边辅助绕组N _A的电压Vaux过零时刻，拉高第一使能信号，PWM控制器接收第一使能信号将mpwm置低，经驱动器放大，VGS1也拉低，第一开关管S1断开。 Specifically, the first connection end of the first switching transistor S1 serves as the input end of the inverter circuit 301 and is connected to the power supply Vin, and the second connection end of the first switching transistor S1 is connected to the ground through the second switching transistor S2. The primary winding N _P of the transformer 303 is connected in parallel to both ends of the second switch S2 through the resonant network 302. Specifically, the first end of the first inductor Lr and the first end of the first capacitor Cr are respectively coupled to both ends of the second switch transistor S2, and the second end of the first inductor Lr and the second end of the first capacitor Cr are respectively coupled to the second end of the second switch transistor S2. Two ends of the second inductor Lm are connected in parallel to the primary winding N _P of the transformer 303 . The opposite end of the secondary winding N _S of the transformer 303 is connected to the anode of the first rectifier diode D1. The cathode of the first rectifier diode D1 serves as the output end of the converter 30 and is connected to the load. The filter capacitor Co is connected in parallel to the output end and the reference of the converter 30. Ground, the _NS terminal of the secondary winding is connected to the reference ground. The primary auxiliary winding _NA of the transformer 303 is connected in parallel to both ends of the two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 in series. Optionally, the series connection point of the two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the drive control module 304. The drive control module 304 is used to control the first switch S1 to turn off when the first switch S1 is turned on and detects that the voltage Vaux of the primary auxiliary winding _NA crosses zero. Specifically, when the voltage Vaux of the primary auxiliary winding N _A is detected to cross zero, the first enable signal is pulled high. The PWM controller receives the first enable signal and sets mpwm low. After amplification by the driver, VGS1 is also pulled low. The first switch S1 is turned off.

下面对相关原理进行描述：The relevant principles are described below:

输入电压范围与占空比D和原副边绕组匝比Np/Ns相关。由于

在一定开关频率下，

第一开关管S1的最大导通时长的限制决定了占空比D的最大值，即占空比D越大，相同输出电压下逆变电路301的输入电压最小值越小，对应的不对称反激变换器的输入电压范围越宽，该电路可以允许在更低输入电压下运行，因此，增大占空比D可以拓宽输入电压范围。 The input voltage range is related to the duty cycle D and the primary and secondary winding turns ratio Np/Ns. because

At a certain switching frequency,

The limit of the maximum conduction time of the first switch S1 determines the maximum value of the duty cycle D, that is, the larger the duty cycle D, the smaller the minimum input voltage of the inverter circuit 301 at the same output voltage, and the corresponding asymmetry The wider the input voltage range of the flyback converter, the circuit can be allowed to operate at a lower input voltage, therefore, increasing the duty cycle D can broaden the input voltage range.

如图6所示的不对称半桥反激变换器在谐振腔充电阶段可看做为第一电感(励磁电感)Lr、第二电感(谐振电感)Lm和第一电容(谐振电容)Cr三者谐振，在此过程中***的电路方程可以表示为：As shown in Figure 6, the asymmetric half-bridge flyback converter can be regarded as the first inductor (magnetizing inductor) Lr, the second inductor (resonant inductor) Lm and the first capacitor (resonant capacitor) Cr during the resonant cavity charging stage. or resonance, in this process the circuit equation of the system can be expressed as:

由于不对称半桥反激变换器常采用电流控制模式，在充电阶段励磁电流等于谐振电流，若励磁电流充电斜率小于零，励磁电感电压方向发生改变，此时若主开关管S1继续导通，励磁电感不再从原边继续获得能量，并且电流峰值也将下降，若此时为达到预设峰值电流，会造成主开关管S1持续导通，导致原副边共通，无法有效励磁，输出电压跌落等问题，因此，将励磁电流斜率为0点作为主开关管S1最大导通时间限制时刻是较为适合的。并且无论外界工作条件或谐振元件如何变化，主开关管S1最大导通时刻都必须受限于励磁电流斜率过零之前，因此可以实现自适应控制，无需手工改变或补偿此限制阈值。Since asymmetric half-bridge flyback converters often use current control mode, the excitation current is equal to the resonant current during the charging stage. If the excitation current charging slope is less than zero, the direction of the excitation inductor voltage changes. At this time, if the main switch S1 continues to conduct, The excitation inductor no longer continues to obtain energy from the primary side, and the current peak value will also decrease. If the preset peak current is not reached at this time, the main switch S1 will continue to conduct, causing the primary and secondary sides to be common, unable to effectively excite, and the output voltage Therefore, it is more appropriate to set the excitation current slope to 0 as the maximum conduction time limit moment of the main switch S1. And no matter how the external working conditions or resonant components change, the maximum conduction moment of the main switch S1 must be limited before the excitation current slope crosses zero, so adaptive control can be achieved without manual changes or compensation for this limit threshold.

请参阅图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的变换器最大导通时间波形示意图。如图7所示，当不对称半桥反激变换器中的主开关管S1导通时间过长时，励磁电感电流呈现三角函数变化，当其达到谐振峰值时，励磁电流斜率由正变负，原边辅助绕组电压Vaux由负变正。当励磁电流斜率过零时刻，原边辅助绕组电压Vaux也过零，此时励磁电流到达峰值，继续充电励磁电感电压将换向，在过零时刻可以通过过零检测器(zero crossing detector，ZCD)对原边辅助绕组电压Vaux进行过零检测，拉高第一使能信号，PWM控制器接收第一使能信号将mpwm置低，经驱动器放大，VGS1也拉低，主开关管S1断开。本申请实施例可以通过驱动控制模块采集原边辅助绕组电压过零信号反应励磁电感电流斜率转变点，作为主开关管最大导通时长限制信号，防止主开关管励磁电流充电斜率方向发生变化。因此可以无需外部人工配置参数、在不同工作条件自适应限制主开关管最大导通时长，提高变换器的输出电压控制中逆变电路的主开关管最大导通时长的控制灵活性，从而可拓宽变换器的输入电压范围，结构简单，适用性强。而且，本申请实施例采用半桥逆变电路，半桥式电路的开关管数量少，可以降低成本。Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the maximum conduction time waveform of the converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, when the main switch S1 in the asymmetric half-bridge flyback converter is turned on for too long, the excitation inductor current changes as a trigonometric function. When it reaches the resonance peak, the slope of the excitation current changes from positive to negative. , the primary auxiliary winding voltage Vaux changes from negative to positive. When the excitation current slope crosses zero, the primary auxiliary winding voltage Vaux also crosses zero. At this time, the excitation current reaches the peak value, and the voltage of the excitation inductor will reverse direction if it continues to charge. At the zero-crossing moment, it can pass the zero crossing detector (ZCD). ) performs zero-crossing detection on the primary auxiliary winding voltage Vaux, pulls up the first enable signal, and the PWM controller receives the first enable signal and sets mpwm low. After amplification by the driver, VGS1 is also pulled low, and the main switch S1 is disconnected. . In the embodiment of this application, the driving control module can collect the primary auxiliary winding voltage zero-crossing signal to reflect the excitation inductor current slope transition point, and use it as the main switch maximum conduction time limit signal to prevent the main switch excitation current charging slope direction from changing. Therefore, it is possible to adaptively limit the maximum conduction time of the main switch under different working conditions without the need for external manual configuration parameters, thereby improving the control flexibility of the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit in the output voltage control of the converter, thereby broadening the The input voltage range of the converter has a simple structure and strong applicability. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application uses a half-bridge inverter circuit. The half-bridge circuit has a small number of switch transistors, which can reduce costs.

下面以变换器30中的逆变电路301为半桥逆变电路、整流滤波电路305为包括一个二极管的整流滤波电路进行示例性说明。请参阅图8，图8是本申请实施例提供的变换器的另一种结构示意图。可以理解，图8和图6的区别在于谐振网络302与逆变电路301的连接方式不同，具体地，图6中的变压器303的原边绕组N _P通过谐振网络302并联于第二开关管S2两端。图8中的变压器303的原边绕组N _P通过谐振网络302并联于第一开关管S1两端，即第一电感Lr的第一端和第一电容Cr的第一端分别耦合第一开关管S1两端，第一电感Lr的第二端和第一电容Cr的第二端分别耦合第二电感Lm的两端，第二电感Lm的两端并联连接变压器303的原边绕组N _P。其它元器件之间具体的连接方式可以参考上述图6的描述，在此不再赘述。同理，基于励磁电流斜率过零思想，可以根据原边辅助绕组N _A同名端位置不同，通过检测原边辅助绕组N _A电压Vaux由正到负过零或者由负到正过零，来断开主开关管，从而可以控制主开关管的最大导通时长。本申请实施例可以通过驱动控制模块采集原边辅助绕组电压过零信号反应励磁电感电流斜率转变点，作为主开关管最大导通时长限制信号，防止主开关管励磁电流充电斜率方向发生变化。因此可以无需外部人工配置参数、在不同工作条件自适应限制主开关管最大导通时长，提高变换器的输出电压控制中逆变电路的主开关管最大导通时长的控制灵活性，从而可拓宽变换器的输入电压范围，结构简单，适用性强。而且，本申请实施例采用半桥逆变电路，半桥式电路的开关管数量少，可以降低成本。 Hereinafter, the inverter circuit 301 in the converter 30 is a half-bridge inverter circuit, and the rectifier and filter circuit 305 is a rectifier and filter circuit including a diode. Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is another schematic structural diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. It can be understood that the difference between Figure 8 and Figure 6 lies in the different connection methods between the resonant network 302 and the inverter circuit 301. Specifically, the primary winding N _P of the transformer 303 in Figure 6 is connected in parallel to the second switching tube S2 through the resonant network 302. both ends. The primary winding N _P of the transformer 303 in Figure 8 is connected in parallel to both ends of the first switching tube S1 through the resonant network 302, that is, the first end of the first inductor Lr and the first end of the first capacitor Cr are coupled to the first switching tube respectively. At both ends of S1, the second end of the first inductor Lr and the second end of the first capacitor Cr are respectively coupled to the two ends of the second inductor Lm. The two ends of the second inductor Lm are connected in parallel to the primary winding N _P of the transformer 303 . For specific connection methods between other components, please refer to the description of FIG. 6 above and will not be described again here. In the same way, based on the idea of excitation current slope zero-crossing, the fault can be detected by detecting the voltage Vaux of the primary auxiliary winding N _A from positive to negative zero crossing or from negative to positive zero crossing according to the different terminal positions of the primary auxiliary winding N _A. Turn on the main switch, thereby controlling the maximum conduction time of the main switch. In the embodiment of this application, the driving control module can collect the primary auxiliary winding voltage zero-crossing signal to reflect the excitation inductor current slope transition point, and use it as the main switch maximum conduction time limit signal to prevent the main switch excitation current charging slope direction from changing. Therefore, it is possible to adaptively limit the maximum conduction time of the main switch under different working conditions without the need for external manual configuration parameters, thereby improving the control flexibility of the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit in the output voltage control of the converter, thereby broadening the The input voltage range of the converter has a simple structure and strong applicability. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application uses a half-bridge inverter circuit. The half-bridge circuit has a small number of switch transistors, which can reduce costs.

下面以变换器30中的逆变电路301为全桥逆变电路、整流滤波电路305为包括一个二极管的整流滤波电路进行示例性说明。请参阅图9，图9是本申请实施例提供的变换器的另一种结构示意图。图9是图4的细化实施例的结构示意图。图9与图6的区别点在于，图6所示的逆变电路301是半桥逆变电路，图9所示的逆变电路301是全桥逆变电路。下面进行具体描述：如图9所示，该变换器30可以是全桥反激变换器，包括逆变电路301、谐振网络302、变压器303、驱动控制模块304和整流滤波电路305，其中，逆变电路301为全桥逆变电路，逆变电路301包括第一桥臂和第二桥臂，第一桥臂包括串联连接的第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2，第二桥臂包括串联连接的第三开关管S3和第四开关管S4，第一开关管S1和第四开关管S4为主开关管，第二开关管S2和第三开关管S3为辅开关管；变压器303中包括原边绕组N _P、副边绕组N _S和原边辅助绕组N _A，谐振网络302包括第一电感Lr、第二电感Lm和第一电容Cr，整流滤波电路305包括第一整流二极管D1和滤波电容Co，驱动控制模块304包括PWM控制器和驱动器。 The following is an exemplary description assuming that the inverter circuit 301 in the converter 30 is a full-bridge inverter circuit and the rectifier and filter circuit 305 is a rectifier and filter circuit including a diode. Please refer to FIG. 9 , which is another schematic structural diagram of a converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the detailed embodiment of FIG. 4 . The difference between Figure 9 and Figure 6 is that the inverter circuit 301 shown in Figure 6 is a half-bridge inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit 301 shown in Figure 9 is a full-bridge inverter circuit. Detailed description is given below: As shown in Figure 9, the converter 30 can be a full-bridge flyback converter, including an inverter circuit 301, a resonant network 302, a transformer 303, a drive control module 304 and a rectifier filter circuit 305, where the inverter circuit 301 The inverter circuit 301 is a full-bridge inverter circuit. The inverter circuit 301 includes a first bridge arm and a second bridge arm. The first bridge arm includes a first switch tube S1 and a second switch tube S2 connected in series. The second bridge arm includes The third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 are connected in series, the first switching tube S1 and the fourth switching tube S4 are the main switching tubes, and the second switching tube S2 and the third switching tube S3 are the auxiliary switching tubes; in the transformer 303 It includes a primary winding N _P , a secondary winding N _S and a primary auxiliary winding _NA . The resonant network 302 includes a first inductor Lr, a second inductor Lm and a first capacitor Cr. The rectifier filter circuit 305 includes a first rectifier diode D1 and Filter capacitor Co, the drive control module 304 includes a PWM controller and a driver.

具体地，第一开关管S1的第一连接端作为逆变电路301的输入端连接电源Vin，第一开关管S1的第二连接端通过第二开关管S2接地，第三开关管S3的第一连接端连接第一开关管S1的第一连接端，第三开关管S3的第二连接端通过第四开关管S4接地。变压器303的原边绕组N _P通过谐振网络302分别连接第一开关管S1与第二开关管S2的串联连接点和第四开关管S4与地的串联连接点。具体地，第一电感Lr的第一端连接第一开关管S1与第二开关管S2的串联连接点，第一电容Cr的第一端连接第四开关管S4与地的串联连接点，第一电感Lr的第二端和第一电容Cr的第二端分别耦合第二电感Lm的两端，第二电感Lm的两端并联连接变压器303的原边绕组N _P。变压器303和整流滤波电路305之间具体的连接方式可以参考上述图6的描述，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。驱动控制模块304，用于在第一开关管S1和第四开关管S4导通且检测到原边辅助绕组N _A的电压Vaux过零时，控制第一开关管S1和第四开关管S4断开。 Specifically, the first connection end of the first switch S1 serves as the input end of the inverter circuit 301 and is connected to the power supply Vin. The second connection end of the first switch S1 is grounded through the second switch S2. The third connection end of the third switch S3 is connected to the power source Vin. One connection end is connected to the first connection end of the first switch transistor S1, and the second connection end of the third switch transistor S3 is grounded through the fourth switch transistor S4. The primary winding N _P of the transformer 303 is respectively connected to the series connection point of the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 and the series connection point of the fourth switching tube S4 and the ground through the resonant network 302. Specifically, the first end of the first inductor Lr is connected to the series connection point of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2, and the first end of the first capacitor Cr is connected to the series connection point of the fourth switch S4 and the ground. The second end of an inductor Lr and the second end of the first capacitor Cr are respectively coupled to two ends of the second inductor Lm. The two ends of the second inductor Lm are connected in parallel to the primary winding N _P of the transformer 303 . The specific connection method between the transformer 303 and the rectifier filter circuit 305 can refer to the description of FIG. 6 , and will not be described again to avoid repetition. The drive control module 304 is used to control the first switching tube S1 and the fourth switching tube S4 to turn off when the first switching tube S1 and the fourth switching tube S4 are turned on and it is detected that the voltage Vaux of the primary auxiliary winding _NA crosses zero. open.

同理，基于励磁电流斜率过零思想，可以根据原边辅助绕组N _A同名端位置不同，通过检测原边辅助绕组N _A电压Vaux由正到负过零或者由负到正过零，来断开主开关管，从而可以控制主开关管的最大导通时长。本申请实施例可以通过驱动控制模块采集原边辅助绕组电压过零信号反应励磁电感电流斜率转变点，作为主开关管最大导通时长限制信号，防止主开关管励磁电流充电斜率方向发生变化。因此可以无需外部人工配置参数、在不同工作条件自适应限制主开关管最大导通时长，提高变换器的输出电压控制中逆变电路的主开关管最大导通时长的控制灵活性，从而可拓宽变换器的输入电压范围，结构简单，适用性强。而且本申请实施例采用全桥逆变电路，输出功率较大，要求功率开关管耐压较低，便于选管，可以在大功率场合得到广泛应用。 In the same way, based on the idea of excitation current slope zero-crossing, the fault can be detected by detecting the voltage Vaux of the primary auxiliary winding N _A from positive to negative zero or from negative to positive zero according to the different positions of the same terminal of the primary auxiliary winding N _A. Turn on the main switch, thereby controlling the maximum conduction time of the main switch. In the embodiment of this application, the driving control module can collect the primary auxiliary winding voltage zero-crossing signal to reflect the excitation inductor current slope transition point, and use it as the main switch maximum conduction time limit signal to prevent the main switch excitation current charging slope direction from changing. Therefore, it is possible to adaptively limit the maximum conduction time of the main switch under different working conditions without the need for external manual configuration parameters, thereby improving the control flexibility of the maximum conduction time of the main switch in the inverter circuit in the output voltage control of the converter, thereby broadening the The input voltage range of the converter has a simple structure and strong applicability. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application uses a full-bridge inverter circuit, which has a large output power and requires a low withstand voltage of the power switch tube, which facilitates tube selection and can be widely used in high-power situations.

需要说明的是，本申请中的变换器可以包括但不限于直流-直流变换器、交流-直流变换器等，本申请实施例对变换器的类型不做限定。It should be noted that the converters in this application may include but are not limited to DC-DC converters, AC-DC converters, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the type of converters.

需要说明的是，上述各开关管可包括但不限于绝缘栅双极性晶体管(insulated gate bipolar transistor，可以简称为IGBT)，金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor，可以简称为MOSFET)，以及其它类型的开关器件。并且，上述各开关管内部的开关器件可由硅半导体材料Si，或者第三代宽禁带半导体材料的碳化硅SiC，或者氮化镓GaN，或者金刚石，或者氧化锌ZnO，或者其它材料制成，该开关器件的具体类型可由变换器30的实际电路拓扑和实际工作需求决定，在此不作限制。It should be noted that the above-mentioned switching transistors may include, but are not limited to, insulated gate bipolar transistors (which may be referred to as IGBTs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, Can be referred to as MOSFET), and other types of switching devices. Moreover, the switching devices inside each of the above-mentioned switching tubes can be made of silicon semiconductor material Si, or third-generation wide bandgap semiconductor material silicon carbide SiC, or gallium nitride GaN, or diamond, or zinc oxide ZnO, or other materials. The specific type of the switching device can be determined by the actual circuit topology and actual working requirements of the converter 30, and is not limited here.

本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。Those of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. In order to clearly illustrate the relationship between hardware and software Interchangeability, in the above description, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described according to functions. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

总之，以上所述仅为本申请技术方案的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。In short, the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the technical solution of the present application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

一种变换器，其特征在于，包括逆变电路、谐振网络、变压器和驱动控制模块，所述逆变电路中包括至少两个开关管，所述至少两个开关管中包括串联的主开关管和辅开关管；所述变压器中包括原边绕组、副边绕组和原边辅助绕组；所述主开关管的第一连接端作为所述逆变电路的输入端连接电源，所述主开关管的第二连接端通过所述辅开关管接地，所述变压器的原边绕组通过所述谐振网络并联于所述辅开关管两端或者所述主开关管两端，所述变压器的副边绕组作为所述变换器的输出端连接负载，所述变压器的原边辅助绕组并联于串联的至少两个分压电阻两端；A converter, characterized in that it includes an inverter circuit, a resonant network, a transformer and a drive control module. The inverter circuit includes at least two switch tubes, and the at least two switch tubes include a main switch tube connected in series. and an auxiliary switch tube; the transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding and a primary auxiliary winding; the first connection end of the main switch tube serves as the input end of the inverter circuit to connect to the power supply, and the main switch tube The second connection end is grounded through the auxiliary switch tube. The primary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to both ends of the auxiliary switch tube or both ends of the main switch tube through the resonant network. The secondary winding of the transformer As the output end of the converter is connected to a load, the primary auxiliary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel to both ends of at least two voltage dividing resistors connected in series;

所述驱动控制模块用于在所述主开关管导通且检测到所述原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制所述主开关管断开。The drive control module is used to control the main switch to turn off when the main switch is turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero.
根据权利要求1所述的变换器，其特征在于，所述逆变电路为半桥逆变电路，所述逆变电路包括第一开关管和第二开关管，所述第一开关管为所述主开关管，所述第二开关管为所述辅开关管；The converter according to claim 1, wherein the inverter circuit is a half-bridge inverter circuit, the inverter circuit includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube, and the first switch tube is the The main switch tube, the second switch tube is the auxiliary switch tube;

所述第一开关管的第一连接端作为所述逆变电路的输入端连接电源，所述第一开关管的第二连接端通过所述第二开关管接地，所述变压器的原边绕组通过所述谐振网络并联于所述第二开关管两端；The first connection end of the first switch tube is connected to the power supply as the input end of the inverter circuit, the second connection end of the first switch tube is grounded through the second switch tube, and the primary winding of the transformer Connected in parallel to both ends of the second switch tube through the resonant network;

所述驱动控制模块，用于在所述第一开关管导通且检测到所述原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制所述第一开关管断开。The drive control module is configured to control the first switch to turn off when the first switch is turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero.
根据权利要求1所述的变换器，其特征在于，所述逆变电路为半桥逆变电路，所述逆变电路包括第一开关管和第二开关管，所述第一开关管为所述主开关管，所述第二开关管为所述辅开关管；The converter according to claim 1, wherein the inverter circuit is a half-bridge inverter circuit, the inverter circuit includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube, and the first switch tube is the The main switch tube, the second switch tube is the auxiliary switch tube;

所述第一开关管的第一连接端作为所述逆变电路的输入端连接电源，所述第一开关管的第二连接端通过所述第二开关管接地，所述变压器的原边绕组通过所述谐振网络并联于所述第一开关管两端；The first connection end of the first switch tube is connected to the power supply as the input end of the inverter circuit, the second connection end of the first switch tube is grounded through the second switch tube, and the primary winding of the transformer Connected in parallel to both ends of the first switch tube through the resonant network;

所述驱动控制模块，用于在所述第一开关管导通且检测到所述原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制所述第一开关管断开。The drive control module is configured to control the first switch to turn off when the first switch is turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero.
根据权利要求1所述的变换器，其特征在于，所述逆变电路为全桥逆变电路，所述逆变电路包括第一桥臂和第二桥臂，所述第一桥臂包括串联连接的第一开关管和第二开关管，所述第二桥臂包括串联连接的第三开关管和第四开关管，所述第一开关管和所述第四开关管为所述主开关管，所述第二开关管和所述第三开关管为所述辅开关管；The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the inverter circuit is a full-bridge inverter circuit, the inverter circuit includes a first bridge arm and a second bridge arm, the first bridge arm includes a series The first switch tube and the second switch tube are connected. The second bridge arm includes a third switch tube and a fourth switch tube connected in series. The first switch tube and the fourth switch tube are the main switch. tube, the second switching tube and the third switching tube are the auxiliary switching tubes;

所述第一开关管的第一连接端作为所述逆变电路的输入端连接电源，所述第一开关管的第二连接端通过所述第二开关管接地，所述第三开关管的第一连接端连接所述第一开关管的第一连接端，所述第三开关管的第二连接端通过所述第四开关管接地，所述变压器的原边绕组通过所述谐振网络分别连接所述第一开关管与所述第二开关管的串联连接点和所述第四开关管与地的串联连接点；The first connection end of the first switch tube is connected to the power supply as the input end of the inverter circuit, the second connection end of the first switch tube is grounded through the second switch tube, and the third switch tube The first connection end is connected to the first connection end of the first switch tube, the second connection end of the third switch tube is grounded through the fourth switch tube, and the primary winding of the transformer passes through the resonant network respectively. Connect the series connection point between the first switch tube and the second switch tube and the series connection point between the fourth switch tube and ground;

所述驱动控制模块，用于在所述第一开关管和所述第四开关管导通且检测到所述原边辅助绕组的电压过零时，控制所述第一开关管和所述第四开关管断开。The drive control module is used to control the first switching tube and the third switching tube when the first switching tube and the fourth switching tube are turned on and the voltage of the primary auxiliary winding is detected to cross zero. The four switch tubes are disconnected.
根据权利要求2所述的变换器，其特征在于，所述谐振网络包括第一电感、第二电感和第一电容；The converter according to claim 2, wherein the resonant network includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor;

所述第一电感的第一端和所述第一电容的第一端分别耦合所述第二开关管两端，所述第一电感的第二端和所述第一电容的第二端分别耦合所述第二电感的两端，所述第二电感的两端并联连接所述变压器的原边绕组。The first end of the first inductor and the first end of the first capacitor are respectively coupled to both ends of the second switch tube, and the second end of the first inductor and the second end of the first capacitor are respectively Two ends of the second inductor are coupled, and the two ends of the second inductor are connected in parallel with the primary winding of the transformer.
根据权利要求3所述的变换器，其特征在于，所述谐振网络包括第一电感、第二电感和第一电容；The converter according to claim 3, wherein the resonant network includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor;

所述第一电感的第一端和所述第一电容的第一端分别耦合所述第一开关管两端，所述第一电感的第二端和所述第一电容的第二端分别耦合所述第二电感的两端，所述第二电感的两端并联连接所述变压器的原边绕组。The first end of the first inductor and the first end of the first capacitor are respectively coupled to both ends of the first switch tube, and the second end of the first inductor and the second end of the first capacitor are respectively Two ends of the second inductor are coupled, and the two ends of the second inductor are connected in parallel with the primary winding of the transformer.
根据权利要求4所述的变换器，其特征在于，所述谐振网络包括第一电感、第二电感和第一电容；The converter according to claim 4, wherein the resonant network includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor;

所述第一电感的第一端连接所述第一开关管与所述第二开关管的串联连接点，所述第一电容的第一端连接所述第四开关管与地的串联连接点，所述第一电感的第二端和所述第一电容的第二端分别耦合所述第二电感的两端，所述第二电感的两端并联连接所述变压器的原边绕组。The first end of the first inductor is connected to the series connection point of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, and the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the series connection point of the fourth switch tube and ground. , the second end of the first inductor and the second end of the first capacitor are respectively coupled to two ends of the second inductor, and the two ends of the second inductor are connected in parallel with the primary winding of the transformer.
根据权利要求1-7任一所述的变换器，其特征在于，所述变换器中还包括整流滤波电路，所述整流滤波电路包括至少一个整流开关管或者至少一个整流二极管，所述整流滤波电路还包括滤波电容，所述变压器的副边绕组作为所述整流滤波电路的输入端，所述整流滤波电路的输出端作为所述变换器的输出端连接负载。The converter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the converter further includes a rectification and filtering circuit, the rectifying and filtering circuit includes at least one rectifying switch tube or at least one rectifying diode, and the rectifying and filtering circuit The circuit also includes a filter capacitor, the secondary winding of the transformer serves as the input end of the rectifier filter circuit, and the output end of the rectifier filter circuit serves as the output end of the converter and is connected to the load.
根据权利要求8所述的变换器，其特征在于，所述整流滤波电路包括第一整流开关管和所述滤波电容，所述副边绕组的异名端连接所述第一整流二极管的阳极，所述第一整流二极管的阴极作为所述变换器的输出端连接负载，所述滤波电容并联所述变换器的输出端和参考地，所述副边绕组的同名端连接参考地。The converter according to claim 8, wherein the rectifier and filter circuit includes a first rectifier switch and the filter capacitor, and the opposite end of the secondary winding is connected to the anode of the first rectifier diode, The cathode of the first rectifier diode is connected to the load as the output end of the converter, the filter capacitor is connected in parallel to the output end of the converter and the reference ground, and the same end of the secondary winding is connected to the reference ground.
一种电源适配器，其特征在于，所述电源适配器包括如权利要求1-9任一所述的变换器和至少一个输出接口；所述变换器的一端连接交流电源，所述变换器的另一端连接所述输出接口；A power adapter, characterized in that the power adapter includes the converter according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and at least one output interface; one end of the converter is connected to an AC power supply, and the other end of the converter Connect the output interface;

所述变换器，用于将所述交流电源输入的交流电变换为直流电并通过所述输出接口为负载供电。The converter is used to convert the alternating current input from the alternating current power supply into direct current and supply power to the load through the output interface.