WO2024021918A1 - 驱动装置和血泵 - Google Patents

驱动装置和血泵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024021918A1
WO2024021918A1 PCT/CN2023/100612 CN2023100612W WO2024021918A1 WO 2024021918 A1 WO2024021918 A1 WO 2024021918A1 CN 2023100612 W CN2023100612 W CN 2023100612W WO 2024021918 A1 WO2024021918 A1 WO 2024021918A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
ball head
hole
diameter
driving device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/100612
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
娄厦
余顺周
Original Assignee
深圳核心医疗科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳核心医疗科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳核心医疗科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024021918A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024021918A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/81—Pump housings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
    • A61M60/135—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel inside a blood vessel, e.g. using grafting
    • A61M60/139—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel inside a blood vessel, e.g. using grafting inside the aorta, e.g. intra-aortic balloon pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
    • A61M60/857—Implantable blood tubes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a driving device and a blood pump.
  • the blood pump is designed to be inserted percutaneously into a patient's blood vessel, such as an artery or vein in the thigh or armpit, and can be advanced into the patient's heart to function as a left ventricular assist device or a right ventricular assist device.
  • a patient's blood vessel such as an artery or vein in the thigh or armpit
  • Blood pumps usually include a driving device and an impeller.
  • the impeller is connected to the rotating shaft of the driving device.
  • it is usually necessary to add components to limit the rotation of the rotating shaft.
  • the current limiter is used to limit the rotation of the rotating shaft. There are many parts in each position, resulting in a complex structure of the driving device and greater difficulty in assembly.
  • this application provides a driving device and a blood pump that are less difficult to assemble.
  • this application provides a driving device, including:
  • a housing assembly having a through hole
  • a rotating shaft the rotating shaft has a shaft part and a ball head fixed to one end of the shaft part, and one end of the shaft part away from the ball head is rotatably inserted into the through hole;
  • first shaft sleeve the first shaft sleeve is installed on the housing assembly, the first shaft sleeve has an accommodation cavity and a shaft hole, the accommodation cavity is adapted to the ball head, the The shaft hole is connected with the accommodation cavity; wherein, the ball head is rotatably provided in the accommodation cavity, the shaft part is rotatably installed in the shaft hole, and the aperture of the shaft hole is Smaller than the diameter of the ball head, so as to limit the ball head in the accommodation cavity.
  • this application provides a blood pump.
  • the blood pump includes an impeller and the driving device.
  • the driving device includes:
  • a housing assembly having a through hole
  • a rotating shaft the rotating shaft has a shaft part and a ball head fixed to one end of the shaft part, and one end of the shaft part away from the ball head is rotatably inserted into the through hole;
  • first shaft sleeve the first shaft sleeve is installed on the housing assembly, the first shaft sleeve has an accommodation cavity and a shaft hole, the accommodation cavity is adapted to the ball head, the The shaft hole is connected with the accommodation cavity; wherein, the ball head is rotatably provided in the accommodation cavity, the shaft part is rotatably installed in the shaft hole, and the aperture of the shaft hole is Smaller than the diameter of the ball head to limit the ball head in the accommodation cavity; one end of the shaft part away from the ball head is connected to the impeller.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blood pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the blood pump in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the blood pump in Figure 1 with part of the conduit omitted;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotor of the driving device in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the flywheel of the rotor in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the stator and magnetic conductive parts of the driving device in Figure 3 assembled together;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft and the first sleeve assembled together according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of part I in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic assembly diagram of the rotating shaft, the first bushing and the second bushing according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first fixing part of the first bushing in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic assembly diagram of a rotating shaft, a first bushing and a second bushing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of the first fixing part of the first bushing in Figure 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the second fixing part of the first bushing in FIG. 11 .
  • the meaning of the marks in the picture are: 1. Blood pump; 10. Driving device; 20. Impeller; 30. Casing; 31. Blood inlet; 32. Blood outlet; 40. catheter; 100. Shell assembly; 101. Through hole; 102. Inner cavity; 110. Shell; 120. Second sleeve; 200. Rotating shaft; 210. Shaft part; 211. Connecting end; 220. Ball head; 300. Rotor; 301. First rotor unit; 302. Second rotor unit; 310. Flywheel; 311. Disc-shaped part; 312. Built-in tube; 313, external tube; 314, annular cavity; 320, magnet; 400. Stator; 401. First stator unit; 402. Second stator unit; 410. Magnetic core; 420. Coil; 500.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • plurality means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
  • the end of a device closest to the operator is usually defined as the proximal end, and the end far from the operator is defined as the distal end.
  • the blood pump 1 includes a driving device 10 and an impeller 20.
  • the driving device 10 is drivingly connected to the impeller 20, and the driving device 10 can drive the impeller 20 to rotate.
  • the blood pump 1 further includes a sleeve 30 fixed on the distal end of the driving device 10 .
  • the impeller 20 is rotatably received in the casing 30 .
  • the cannula 30 has a blood inlet 31 and a blood outlet 32. When the impeller 20 rotates, blood flows into the cannula 30 from the blood inlet 31 and then flows out from the blood outlet 32 .
  • the cannula 30 extends through a heart valve, such as the aortic valve, the blood inlet 31 is located within the heart, and the blood outlet 32 and drive device 10 are located outside the heart in a blood vessel such as the aorta.
  • the blood pump 1 further includes a conduit 40 connected to the proximal end of the driving device 10 .
  • the supply line includes a wire for electrical connection with the drive device 10 and a cleaning line for supplying flushing liquid to the drive device 10 of the blood pump 1 .
  • the flushing solution is physiological saline, physiological saline containing heparin, glucose, etc.
  • the driving device 10 includes a housing assembly 100, a rotating shaft 200, a rotor 300, a stator 400 and a first sleeve 500.
  • the distal end of the housing assembly 100 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 30 , and the proximal end is fixedly connected to the catheter 40 .
  • One end of the housing assembly 100 has a through hole 101 , and the through hole 101 is located at an end of the housing assembly 100 close to the sleeve 30 .
  • Housing assembly 100 also has an interior cavity 102 .
  • the inner cavity 102 is connected with the through hole 101 .
  • the flushing fluid in the cleaning line can flow into the inner cavity 102 and flow out of the housing assembly 100 through the through hole 101 .
  • the housing assembly 100 includes a housing 110 and a second sleeve 120 .
  • the housing 110 is generally a cylindrical housing with openings at both ends.
  • the distal end of the housing 110 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 30 , and the proximal end is fixedly connected to the catheter 40 .
  • the housing 110 has the inner cavity 102 described above.
  • the housing 110 is made up of two substantially symmetrical half-shells, so that the rotor 300, the stator 400, etc. can be installed in the inner cavity 102 of the housing 110.
  • the second sleeve 120 is fixed in the housing 110 , and the through hole 101 is opened in the second sleeve 120 .
  • the second sleeve 120 is disposed at an opening of one end of the housing 110 close to the sleeve 30 .
  • the rotating shaft 200 is rotatably installed on the housing assembly 100 .
  • the rotating shaft 200 is fixedly connected to the impeller 20, and the rotating shaft 200 can drive the impeller 20 to rotate.
  • the rotating shaft 200 has a shaft portion 210 and a ball head portion 220 fixed to one end of the shaft portion 210 .
  • the end of the shaft portion 210 away from the ball portion 220 is rotatably inserted into the through hole 101 .
  • One end of the shaft portion 210 away from the ball portion 220 is fixedly connected to the impeller 20 .
  • the shaft portion 210 is elongated.
  • the shaft portion 210 has a connecting end 211 for connecting with the impeller 20 , that is, the connecting end 211 is an end of the shaft portion 210 away from the ball head 220 .
  • Part of the shaft part 210 is located inside the housing 110 , and part is located outside the housing 110 or inside the sleeve 30 .
  • the connecting end 211 extends to the outside of the housing 110 and is fixedly connected to the impeller 20 .
  • the shaft portion 210 extends generally along the axial direction of the housing 110 , or in other words, the extending direction of the axis of the shaft portion 210 is generally consistent with the axial direction of the housing 110 .
  • the ball head 220 is generally spherical in shape.
  • the ball head 220 is fixed to the end of the shaft 210 away from the connecting end 211 .
  • the axis of the shaft portion 210 passes through the center of the ball portion 220 .
  • the diameter of the ball portion 220 is larger than the diameter of the shaft portion 210 .
  • the shaft portion 210 and the ball portion 220 are made of ceramic materials. Compared with metal materials, ceramics have higher processing accuracy, higher biocompatibility and mechanical strength, and have better wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • the shaft portion 210 and the ball portion 220 are integrally formed structures; in some embodiments, the shaft portion 210 and the ball portion 220 can also be fixed together by assembly, welding, or bonding.
  • the ball head 220 has a ball body and a diamond coating on the surface of the ball body, so that the ball head 220 has a smooth surface and high wear resistance; at this time, the material of the ball body can be It is a material with a certain stiffness, such as metal, ceramic, etc., and the material of the ball body can be the same as the material of the shaft portion 210 .
  • the rotor 300 is fixed to the shaft 210 .
  • the rotor 300 includes a flywheel 310 and a magnet 320.
  • the flywheel 310 is fixed to the shaft portion 210
  • the magnet 320 is fixed to the flywheel 310.
  • magnet 320 is a ring-shaped Halbach array magnet.
  • the rotor 300 is located in the inner cavity 102 , and the rotor 300 is located between the through hole 101 and the first sleeve 500 , that is, the rotor 300 is located between the second sleeve 120 and the first sleeve 500 .
  • the rotor 300 can rotate relative to the housing assembly 100 and can drive the rotating shaft 200 to rotate.
  • the flywheel 310 includes a disc-shaped portion 311, an internal tube 312 and an external tube 313. Both the internal tube 312 and the external tube 313 are circular tubular structures, and the disc-shaped portion 311 is an annular disc structure. One ends of the internal tube 312 and the external tube 313 are both fixedly connected to the disc-shaped portion 311 . The internal tube 312 and the external tube 313 are located on the same side of the disc-shaped portion 311 and are coaxially arranged. The internal diameter of the external tube 313 is larger than the external diameter of the internal tube 312. The internal tube 312 is at least partially accommodated in the external tube 313.
  • An annular cavity 314 for accommodating the magnet 320 is formed between 313 and the built-in tube 312 .
  • the shape of the annular cavity 314 is adapted to the shape of the magnet 320 to facilitate the installation and positioning of the magnet 320.
  • Such an arrangement enables the flywheel 310 to limit the position of the magnet 320, which not only facilitates the installation of the magnet 320, but also makes the combination of the magnet 320 and the flywheel 310 more stable.
  • the flywheel 310 is not limited to the above structure. In some embodiments, the flywheel 310 does not have an external Tube 313; in some embodiments, the flywheel 310 does not have an external tube 313 and an internal tube 312. At this time, the shaft portion 210 is fixedly penetrated through the center of the disc-shaped portion 311. Compared with the flywheel 310 having only the disc-shaped portion 311, providing the built-in tube 312 can connect the flywheel 310 and the shaft portion 210 more stably.
  • the shaft part 210 can be fixed to the disc-shaped part 311 by various methods such as welding or bonding.
  • the shaft part 210 can also be fixed to the disc-shaped part 311 by keeping it relatively stationary through the limiting structure.
  • the shaft part 210 can also be fixed with the built-in
  • the contact surface between the tubes 312 has a flat surface, so that the shaft portion 210 and the flywheel 310 rotate synchronously and are fixed. It can be understood that in some embodiments, the flywheel 310 can also be omitted, and in this case, the magnet 320 can be directly fixed on the shaft portion 210 .
  • the stator 400 and the rotor 300 are arranged along the axis of the shaft 210.
  • the stator 400 is located between the through hole 101 and the first sleeve 500. That is, the stator 400 is located between the first sleeve 500 and the second sleeve. between 120.
  • the stator 400 can drive the rotor 300 to rotate. Specifically, the stator 400 can generate a rotating magnetic field that drives the magnet 320 to rotate.
  • the stator 400 is fixedly installed on the housing assembly 100, and the stator 400 is specifically located in the inner cavity 102; the shaft portion 210 is rotatably installed in the stator 400.
  • the rotor 300 includes a first rotor unit 301 and a second rotor unit 302 disposed along the axis of the shaft portion 210 .
  • the first rotor unit 301 and the second rotor unit 302 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the stator 400 is located between the first rotor unit 301 and the second rotor unit 302 .
  • the stator 400 includes a first stator unit 401 and a second stator unit 402 arranged along the axis of the shaft portion 210.
  • the first stator unit 401 can drive the first rotor unit 301 to rotate, and the second stator unit 402 can drive the second rotor unit. 302 turns.
  • the first stator unit 401 can generate a rotating magnetic field that drives the first rotor unit 301 to rotate, and the second stator unit 402 can generate a rotating magnetic field that drives the second rotor unit 302 to rotate.
  • the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 are both fixedly received in the inner cavity 102 of the housing assembly 100 .
  • the shaft portion 210 is rotatably inserted through the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 .
  • the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 are both located between the first rotor unit 301 and the second rotor unit 302.
  • the first rotor unit 301, the first stator unit 401, the second stator unit 402 and the second rotor unit 302 are sequentially arranged along the direction of the axis.
  • both the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 include a magnetic core 410 and a coil 420, and the coil 420 is wound around the magnetic core 410.
  • the magnetic core 410 has a generally columnar structure, that is, the magnetic core 410 does not have a head (ie, pole piece) with a large width.
  • the magnetic core 410 with a columnar structure can reduce magnetic losses and increase the magnetic coupling density between the magnetic core 410 and the magnet 320 to increase the torque of the stator 400 to the magnet 320 (under equal current conditions). Down).
  • the magnetic core 410 without a head can also greatly reduce the problem of local magnetic short circuit and motor power reduction caused by contact between adjacent magnetic cores 410 .
  • the extension direction of the magnetic core 410 is consistent with the axial direction of the housing 110 or the axial direction of the shaft portion 210 .
  • the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 have a plurality of magnetic cores 410 , and the plurality of magnetic cores 410 of the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 are respectively arranged around the axis of the shaft portion 210 .
  • Each magnetic core 410 is provided with a corresponding coil 420 .
  • the driving device 10 also includes a magnetic conductive member 600 fixed to the housing assembly 100 .
  • the magnetic core 410 of the first stator unit 401 and the magnetic core 410 of the second stator unit 402 are both fixed to the magnetic conductive member 600 .
  • the magnetic conductive member 600 is clamped on the inner wall of the housing 110 .
  • the shaft portion 210 is rotatably inserted into the magnetic conductive member 600 .
  • the magnetic conductive member 600 plays a role in closing the magnetic circuit to promote and increase the generation of magnetic flux and improve the coupling capacity. Therefore, the magnetic conductive member 600 is provided to close the gap between the first stator unit 401 and the first rotor unit 301.
  • the function of the magnetic circuit and the function of closing the magnetic circuit between the second stator unit 402 and the second rotor unit 302 increase the magnetic flux, and thus the arrangement of the magnetic conductive member 600 is beneficial to reducing the overall diameter of the driving device 10 .
  • the magnetic core 410 of the first stator unit 401 and the magnetic core 410 of the second stator unit 402 are both fixed to the magnetic conductive member 600, and the second method can be realized by directly fixing the magnetic conductive member 600 to the housing assembly 100.
  • the positioning and installation of the stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 reduce the assembly difficulty of the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402.
  • the magnetic conductive member 600 arranged in the above manner can also reduce the number of positioning structures in the housing assembly 100, thereby simplifying the structure of the housing assembly 100 and simplifying the assembly process of the entire driving device 10.
  • the magnetic conductive member 600 includes two magnetic conductive plates 610, which are stacked. One of the magnetic conductive plates 610 is fixedly connected to the magnetic core 410 of the first stator unit 401, and the other magnetic conductive plate 610 is connected to the magnetic core 410 of the first stator unit 401.
  • the magnetic core 410 of the second stator unit 402 is fixed, and the shaft portion 210 is rotatably passed through the two magnetic conductive plates 610 .
  • the two magnetic conductive plates 610 are separated before assembly. By arranging the magnetic conductive member 600 into two separated magnetic conductive plates 610 before assembly, when assembling the driving device 10, the third magnetic conductive plate 610 can be assembled first.
  • the magnetic core 410 of the stator unit 401 is fixed to one of the magnetically conductive plates 610, the magnetic core 410 of the second stator unit 402 is fixed to the other magnetically conductive plate 610, and then the two magnetically conductive plates 610 are stacked, so, It is convenient to assemble the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 to the two magnetic conductive plates 610 respectively, which makes the assembly of the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 more convenient.
  • the two magnetic conductive plates 610 are fixed, so that the first stator unit 401, the second stator unit 402 and the magnetic conductive member 600 form a whole and are assembled into the housing assembly 100, making the assembly of the stator 400 easier.
  • two magnetically conductive plates 610 can be connected together by gluing or welding. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the two magnetically conductive plates 610 are not fixed, but are in contact with each other.
  • the magnetic conductive member 600 is not limited to the above-mentioned combination of two separate magnetic conductive plates 610.
  • the magnetic conductive member 600 can also be a plate-like structure, that is, the magnetic conductive member 600 is a magnetic conductive plate. 610, at this time, the first stator unit 401 and the second stator unit 402 share a magnetic conductive plate 610.
  • the magnetic conductive plate 610 is made of silicon steel, and the magnetic core 410 is made of silicon steel.
  • the structures of the rotor 300 and the stator 400 are not limited to the above structures.
  • the driving device 10 includes a first rotor unit 301 , a second rotor unit 302 and a stator 400 , but the stator 400 has only one stator unit, and the stator unit is located between the first rotor unit 301 and the second rotor unit 302 , the stator unit can drive the first rotor unit 301 and the second rotor unit 302 to rotate at the same time; at this time, the magnetic conductive member 600 is omitted; or, in some embodiments, the rotor 300 has only one rotor unit, and the stator 400 has only one Stator unit, at this time, the rotor unit is located between the first sleeve 500 of the stator unit, or the rotor unit is located between the stator unit and the second sleeve 120 .
  • the first sleeve 500 is installed on the housing assembly 100 . Specifically, the first sleeve 500 is received in the inner cavity 102 of the housing assembly 100 . The first sleeve 500 is fixed to the housing 110 . The rotor 300 , the stator 400 and the first sleeve 500 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the housing 110 . In the illustrated embodiment, the first sleeve 500 is located on a side of the first rotor unit 301 away from the stator 400 .
  • the gap between the two is It should not be too large, so as to prevent the length of the rotating shaft 200 from being too long and improve the force bearing condition of the rotating shaft 200 .
  • the first sleeve 500 has an accommodation cavity 501 and a shaft hole 502.
  • the accommodation cavity 501 is adapted to the ball head 220, and the shaft hole 502 is connected with the accommodation cavity 501.
  • the ball head 220 is rotatably disposed.
  • the shaft portion 210 is rotatably inserted through the shaft hole 502 , and the diameter of the shaft hole 502 is smaller than the diameter of the ball head 220 to limit the ball head 220 within the accommodation cavity 501 .
  • the accommodating cavity 501 is generally spherical, or in other words, the cavity walls of the accommodating cavity 501 form a spherical structure.
  • the hole wall of the through hole 101 limits the radial movement of the end of the shaft portion 210 away from the ball head 220. Swing range.
  • the ball head 220 fixedly connected to one end of the shaft part 210 is rotatably disposed in the accommodation cavity 501 that matches the ball head 220.
  • the diameter of the ball head 220 is larger than the diameter of the shaft hole 502, so as to insert the ball into the shaft hole 502.
  • the head 220 is limited in the accommodation cavity 501, so that the first sleeve 500 limits the swing range of the end of the shaft 210 close to the ball head 220 in the radial direction, and at the same time, limits the swing range of the ball head 220 on the shaft 210.
  • the movement range on the axis realizes the axial limit and radial limit of the rotating shaft 200, and no additional thrust parts are needed, which simplifies the structure of the drive device 10 and is conducive to reducing the cost of the drive device 10 and the blood pump 1 assembly difficulty.
  • the rotating shaft 200 and the first sleeve 500 cooperate through the ball head 220 and the accommodation cavity 501 that matches the ball head 220, the end of the rotating shaft 200 close to the ball head 220 can swing in the radial direction. range, and the movement range of the rotating shaft 200 on the axis of the shaft part 210 is realized, which is beneficial to reducing the gap between the ball head 220 and the first sleeve 500 friction, thereby reducing the wear of the rotating shaft 200.
  • the adaptation of the accommodation cavity 501 to the ball head 220 means that the shape of the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501 is the same as the shape of the ball head 220 , and the diameter of the ball head 220 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the accommodation cavity 501 , so that the ball head 220 can not only rotate in the accommodating cavity 501, but also the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 501 can also support the ball head 220 and limit the position of the ball head 220 in various directions; and
  • the surfaces of the cavity wall of the cavity 501 and the ball head 220 are both smooth arc surfaces, which can reduce wear of both.
  • the shaft hole 502 has a first opening 504 and a second opening 505.
  • the shaft portion 210 passes through the first opening 504 and the second opening 505.
  • the first opening 504 is connected with the accommodation cavity 501.
  • the two openings 505 are away from the accommodation cavity 501 .
  • the edge of at least one of the first opening 504 and the second opening 505 is provided with rounded corners to prevent the shaft portion 210 or the ball head 220 from being scratched and worn by the opening of the shaft hole 502 with edges.
  • the first sleeve 500 also has a flushing liquid hole 503 for the circulation of flushing liquid.
  • the flushing liquid hole 503 is in fluid communication with the accommodation cavity 501.
  • the diameter of the flushing liquid hole 503 is smaller than the diameter of the ball head 220, so that the ball head The portion 220 is limited in the receiving cavity 501 .
  • the flushing liquid hole 503 can be communicated with the flushing line in the conduit 40 and thus can be in fluid communication with the cleaning line, so that the flushing liquid can enter the accommodation cavity 501 through the flushing liquid hole 503 .
  • the flushing liquid hole 503 has a third opening 506.
  • the third opening 506 is connected with the accommodating cavity 501.
  • the central axis of the third opening 506 passes through the center of the accommodating cavity 501 or passes through the center of the sphere where the accommodating cavity 501 is located. , and the central axis of the third opening 506 coincides with the central axis of the shaft hole 502 .
  • Such an arrangement allows the flushing liquid to well enter between the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 501 and the ball head 220, which not only plays a lubricating role, but also reduces the friction between the ball head 220 and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 501.
  • the friction coefficient between the ball head 220 and the first sleeve 500 is reduced, and the flushing liquid entering the accommodation cavity 501 from the flushing liquid hole 503 can also play a role in hydraulic suspension support for the ball head 220 .
  • the opening of the flushing liquid hole 503 away from the third opening 506 is connected with the flushing line in the conduit 40 . More specifically, the central axis of the flushing liquid hole 503 coincides with the central axis of the accommodating cavity 501, so that the flushing liquid hole 503 is a straight hole, so as to reduce the energy consumption of the flushing liquid in the flushing liquid hole 503.
  • the diameter of the ball head 220 is defined as D 1
  • the diameter of an end of the shaft portion 210 close to the ball head 220 is defined as D 2
  • the diameter D 1 of the ball head 220 is greater than or equal to 2 times the diameter D 2 of the end of the shaft 210 close to the ball head 220 , that is, D 1 ⁇ 2D 2 , so that the ball head 220 is large enough.
  • the diameter of the ball head 220 is large enough, so that when the ball head 220 contacts the wall of the accommodating cavity 501, the ball head 220 has a larger contact area with the wall of the accommodating cavity 501, reducing the ball head 220. Wear of the head 220 and the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501.
  • the diameter D 1 of the ball head 220 does not need to be too large to prevent the overall diameter of the blood pump 1 from being too large.
  • the diameter of the accommodation cavity 501 is defined as D 3
  • the ratio of the diameter D 3 of the accommodation cavity 501 to the diameter D 1 of the ball head 220 is 1.005 to 1.015, that is, D 3 :D 1 is 1.005 to 1.015. 1.015. Controlling the diameter D 3 of the accommodation cavity 501 and the diameter D 1 of the ball head 220 to the above ratio not only allows the ball head 220 to have a certain movement space in the accommodation cavity 501 , but also ensures that there is a suitable space in the accommodation cavity 501 .
  • the space is filled with flushing fluid, ensuring smooth circulation of the flushing fluid, and can limit the axial movement and radial movement of the rotating shaft 200 within a reasonable range to ensure the stable rotation of the rotating shaft 200; at the same time, the ball head 220 and The wear of the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501 is small.
  • the flushing liquid will not flow smoothly, and the flushing liquid will have poor hydraulic suspension support effect on the ball head 220; and if the ball head 220 If the diameter difference between the diameter of the ball head 220 and the wall of the accommodating cavity 501 is too large, the contact surface between the ball head 220 and the wall of the accommodating cavity 501 will be too small, thereby increasing the wear of the ball head 220 and the wall of the accommodating cavity 501. Moreover, the ball head 220 moves greatly in the accommodating cavity 501, which may cause the driving device 10 to operate unstable.
  • the diameter of the shaft hole 502 is defined as D 4
  • the ratio of the diameter D 4 of the shaft hole 502 to the diameter D 2 of the end of the shaft portion 210 close to the ball head 220 is 1.15 to 1.35, that is, D 4 : D 2 is 1.15 ⁇ 1.35. Due to installation or processing accuracy issues, when the first sleeve 500 and the hole wall of the through hole 101 limit the shaft 210, it is difficult to ensure that the axis of the shaft 210 coincides with or is completely parallel to the axial direction of the housing 110. Therefore, the shaft A clearance space needs to be reserved between the hole 502 and the shaft portion 210 to allow the shaft portion 210 to tolerate errors.
  • the shaft part 210 will be resisted or stuck by the hole wall of the shaft hole 502 when rotating, causing the rotation of the rotating shaft 200 to be unsmooth, and causing the shaft part 210 and the The hole wall of the shaft hole 502 will be severely worn at the position where they are offset.
  • the diameter of the shaft hole 502 is quite different from the diameter of the shaft portion 210.
  • Small size is also not conducive to the flow of flushing liquid from the accommodation cavity 501 into the inner cavity 102 of the housing assembly 100, causing the flushing liquid to flow unsmoothly; if the diameter of the shaft hole 502 and the diameter of the shaft part 210 are larger, it will cause the shaft part 210 to swing. It is too large, and the contact area between the ball head 220 and the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501 will be reduced. Especially when the ball head 220 contacts the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501 near the shaft hole 502, the ball will be Head 220 is severely worn.
  • the difference between the diameter D 3 of the accommodation cavity 501 and the diameter D 1 of the ball head 220 is defined as d1, and the diameter D 4 of the shaft hole 502 is different from the part of the shaft 210 close to the ball head 220
  • the difference in diameter D 2 is d2, where d2 is greater than d1. In this way, a fault tolerance space can be reserved for the shaft portion 210.
  • the diameter of the third opening 506 of the flushing liquid hole 503 is defined as D 5
  • the diameter D 5 of the third opening 506 of the flushing liquid hole 503 is 1/9 to 1 of the diameter D 1 of the ball head 220 /3. If the diameter of the third opening 506 of the flushing liquid hole 503 is too large, the contact surface between the ball head 220 and the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501 will be reduced (resulting in a greater pressure per unit area), and the cavity of the accommodation cavity 501 will be enlarged. The wall wears the ball head 220; the diameter of the third opening 506 is too small, which will affect the amount of flushing liquid entering the accommodation cavity 501 from the flushing liquid hole 503.
  • edge of the third opening 506 of the flushing liquid hole 503 is provided with rounded corners to prevent the ball head 220 from being scratched and worn.
  • the first sleeve 500 includes a first fixing part 510 and a second fixing part 520 .
  • the first fixing part 510 and the second fixing part 520 jointly define an accommodating cavity 501 so that the ball head 220 can be installed into the accommodating cavity 501 .
  • the first fixing part 510 and the second fixing part 520 may be fixed together by bonding, welding, snapping or other methods.
  • the first fixing part 510 and the second fixing part 520 may also only be in contact with each other. There is no need for a physical fixed connection, and the first fixing part 510 and the second fixing part 520 can even be arranged opposite to each other but with a gap therebetween.
  • one side of the first fixing part 510 is concave to form a connected first half hole 511 and the first hemispheric groove 512
  • one side of the second fixing part 520 is concave.
  • the inner concave forms a connected second half hole 521 and a second hemispherical groove 522.
  • the inner concave side of the first fixing part 510 and the inner concave side of the second fixing part 520 are arranged facing each other.
  • the first half hole 511 and the second half hole 521 The shaft hole 502 is formed together, and the first hemispheric groove 512 and the second hemispheric groove 522 together form the accommodation cavity 501 .
  • the concave side of the first fixing part 510 and the concave side of the second fixing part 520 are arranged opposite each other, which makes assembly easy.
  • the ball head 220 is wrapped from the left and right sides of the ball head 220 without considering the characteristics of the shaft part 210 . .
  • the diameter of the shaft hole 502 does not have to be larger than the maximum diameter of the shaft portion 210 in order for the shaft portion 210 to be assembled through the shaft hole 502 .
  • the concave side of the first fixing part 510 is also concave to form a first half liquid groove 513
  • the concave side of the second fixing part 520 is also concave to form a second half liquid groove 523.
  • the first half liquid groove 513 and The second half liquid tanks 523 together form the flushing liquid hole 503 .
  • the first bushing 500 is divided into a first fixing part 510 and a second fixing part 520 along a plane passing through the axis of the shaft part 210 .
  • the first fixing part 510 and the second fixing part 520 are about the same.
  • the plane of the axis of the shaft portion 210 is symmetrically distributed. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first sleeve 500 is divided into a first fixing part 510 and a second fixing part 520 along a plane that is at a certain angle with the axis of the shaft part 210.
  • the first fixing part 510 and the second fixing part are 520 is not necessarily the same size or shape.
  • the first fixing part 510 has a first hemispheric groove 512 and a shaft hole 502 connected with the first hemispheric groove 512
  • the second fixing part 520 has a second hemispheric groove 522 , the first hemispherical groove 512 and the second hemispherical groove 522 together form the accommodation cavity 501 .
  • the splicing surface of the first fixing part 510 and the second fixing part 520 is arranged around the axis of the shaft part 210 , and the upper surface of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 501 is the first hemispherical groove 512 of the first fixing part 510 , and the accommodating cavity
  • the lower surface of the cavity wall of 501 is the second hemispheric groove 522 of the second fixing part 520.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501 are opened separately without splicing gaps.
  • the semicircular shape is more complete, so the ball head 220 is on the shaft.
  • the corresponding contact surfaces in the axial direction of 210 are complete smooth semicircles, which is beneficial to reducing the wear between the ball head 220 and the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501, and can reduce the friction between the first fixing part 510 and the second fixing part 520. assembly process requirements.
  • the first sleeve 500 is divided into upper and lower parts along a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the shaft portion 210 .
  • a first fixing part 510 and a second fixing part 520 are provided.
  • One end of the rotating shaft 200 is the ball head 220, which is rotatably supported on the first sleeve 500.
  • the other end of the rotating shaft 200 is the end of the shaft 210 away from the ball head 220, which is rotatably supported on the first sleeve 500.
  • At least one of the first sleeve 500 and the second sleeve 120 is made of ceramic material. Compared with metal materials, ceramics have higher processing accuracy, higher biocompatibility, higher mechanical strength, and better wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • at least one of the first sleeve 500 and the second sleeve 120 has a sleeve body and a diamond coating disposed on a surface of the sleeve body, so that the first sleeve 500 and the second sleeve The surface of 120 is smooth and improves wear resistance.
  • the material of the shaft sleeve body can be a material with a certain stiffness, such as metal, ceramics, etc.
  • the roughness of at least one of the hole wall of the through hole 101, the surface of the shaft portion 210, the surface of the ball head 220, the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 501, and the hole wall of the shaft hole 502 is less than Or equal to 0.1 micron, thereby effectively reducing the friction between the shaft portion 210 and the hole wall of the through hole 101, the friction between the shaft portion 210 and the hole wall of the shaft hole 502, and the ball head 220 and the accommodation cavity. 501 friction between the cavity walls.

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Abstract

提供了一种驱动装置和血泵。驱动装置(10)的壳体组件(100)具有通孔(101)。转轴(200)具有轴部(210)和固接于轴部(210)的一端的球头部(220)。轴部(210)远离球头部(220)的一端能够转动地穿设于通孔(101)。第一轴套(500)安装于壳体组件(100)。第一轴套(500)具有容置腔(501)和轴孔(502)。容置腔(501)与球头部(200)相适配。轴孔(502)与容置腔(501)连通。球头部(220)能够转动地设于容置腔(501)内。轴部(210)能够转动地穿设于轴孔(502)。轴孔(502)的孔径小于球头部(220)的直径，以将球头部(220)限制在容置腔(501)内。

Description

驱动装置和血泵
本申请要求于2022年07月26日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202210887639.0的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种驱动装置和血泵。
背景技术
血泵被设计为经皮***患者的血管中，例如大腿或腋窝的动脉或静脉的血管内，可以被前探入患者的心脏中以作为左心室辅助设备或右心室辅助设备起作用。
血泵通常包括驱动装置和叶轮，叶轮与驱动装置的转轴连接，为了实现转轴的稳定转动，同时保证转轴低摩擦地转动，通常需要增加对转轴进行限位的部件，然而，目前的用于限位的部件较多，导致驱动装置的结构复杂，装配难度较大。
发明内容
基于此，本申请提供了一种装配难度较低的驱动装置和血泵。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种驱动装置，包括：
壳体组件，所述壳体组件具有通孔；
转轴，所述转轴具有轴部和固接于所述轴部的一端的球头部，所述轴部的远离所述球头部的一端能够转动地穿设于所述通孔；
第一轴套，所述第一轴套安装于所述壳体组件，所述第一轴套具有容置腔和轴孔，所述容置腔与所述球头部相适配，所述轴孔与所述容置腔连通；其中，所述球头部能够转动地设于所述容置腔内，所述轴部能够转动地穿设于所述轴孔，所述轴孔的孔径小于所述球头部的直径，以将所述球头部限制在所述容置腔内。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种血泵，所述血泵包括叶轮和所述驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括：
壳体组件，所述壳体组件具有通孔；
转轴，所述转轴具有轴部和固接于所述轴部的一端的球头部，所述轴部的远离所述球头部的一端能够转动地穿设于所述通孔；
第一轴套，所述第一轴套安装于所述壳体组件，所述第一轴套具有容置腔和轴孔，所述容置腔与所述球头部相适配，所述轴孔与所述容置腔连通；其中，所述球头部能够转动地设于所述容置腔内，所述轴部能够转动地穿设于所述轴孔，所述轴孔的孔径小于所述球头部的直径，以将所述球头部限制在所述容置腔内；所述轴部的远离所述球头部的一端与所述叶轮连接。
本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的血泵的结构示意图；
图2为图1中的血泵的***视图；
图3为图1中的血泵省略部分导管的剖视图；
图4为图3中的驱动装置的转子的结构示意图；
图5为图4中的转子的飞轮的结构示意图；
图6为图3中的驱动装置的定子和导磁件组装在一起的结构示意图；
图7为本发明的一个实施例的转轴和第一轴套组装在一起的剖视图；
图8为图7中的I部局部放大图；
图9为本发明的一个实施例的转轴、第一轴套和第二轴套的组装示意图；
图10为图9中的第一轴套的第一固定部的结构示意图；
图11为本发明的另一个实施例的转轴、第一轴套和第二轴套的组装示意图；
图12为图11中的第一轴套的第一固定部的结构示意图；
图13为图11中的第一轴套的第二固定部的结构示意图。
图中标记的含义为：
1、血泵；10、驱动装置；20、叶轮；30、套管；31、血液入口；32、血液出口；40、
导管；
100、壳体组件；101、通孔；102、内腔；110、外壳；120、第二轴套；
200、转轴；210、轴部；211、连接端；220、球头部；
300、转子；301、第一转子单元；302、第二转子单元；310、飞轮；311、盘状部；312、
内置管；313、外置管；314、环形腔；320、磁体；
400、定子；401、第一定子单元；402、第二定子单元；410、磁芯；420、线圈；
500、第一轴套；501、容置腔；502、轴孔；503、冲洗液孔；504、第一开口；505、
第二开口；506、第三开口；510、第一固定部；511、第一半孔；512、第一半球槽；513、第一半液槽；520、第二固定部；521、第二半孔；522、第二半球槽；523、第二半液槽；
600、导磁件；610、导磁板。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图即实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者间接在该另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接于”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或间接连接至该另一个元件上。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在介入医疗领域，通常定义器械距操作者近的一端为近端，距操作者远的一端为远端。
现对本发明实施例中的血泵1和驱动装置10进行说明。
请参阅图1至图3，血泵1包括驱动装置10和叶轮20，驱动装置10与叶轮20传动连接，驱动装置10能够驱动叶轮20转动。
具体地，血泵1还包括固接于驱动装置10的远端的套管30。叶轮20能够转动地收容于套管30中。其中，套管30具有血液入口31和血液出口32。叶轮20转动时，血液从血液入口31流入套管30中，再从血液出口32流出。在一个实施例中，套管30延伸穿设于心脏瓣膜，诸如主动脉瓣膜，血液入口31位于心脏内，血液出口32和驱动装置10位于心脏外的诸如主动脉的血管中。
具体地，血泵1还包括导管40，导管40与驱动装置10的近端连接。其中，导管40 用于容置各种供应管线。例如，供应管线包括用于与驱动装置10电连接的导线以及用于给血泵1的驱动装置10通入冲洗液的清洗管线。可选地，冲洗液为生理盐水、含有肝素生理盐水或葡萄糖等。
驱动装置10包括壳体组件100、转轴200、转子300、定子400和第一轴套500。
壳体组件100的远端与套管30固接，近端与导管40固接。壳体组件100的一端具有通孔101，通孔101位于壳体组件100的靠近套管30的一端。壳体组件100还具有内腔102。其中，内腔102与通孔101连通。清洗管线内的冲洗液能够流入内腔102，并从通孔101流出壳体组件100。
具体地，壳体组件100包括外壳110和第二轴套120。
外壳110大致为两端开口的筒状壳体。外壳110的远端与套管30固接，近端与导管40固接。外壳110具有上述内腔102。在一些实施例中，外壳110由两个大致对称的半壳拼接而成，以便于转子300、定子400等安装于外壳110的内腔102中。
第二轴套120固接于外壳110内，通孔101开设于第二轴套120上。第二轴套120设置于外壳110的靠近套管30的一端的开口处。
转轴200能够转动地安装于壳体组件100。转轴200与叶轮20固接，转轴200能够带动叶轮20转动。其中，转轴200具有轴部210和固接于轴部210的一端的球头部220，轴部210的远离球头部220的一端能够转动地穿设于通孔101。轴部210的远离球头部220的一端与叶轮20固接。
轴部210呈细长状。轴部210具有用于与叶轮20连接的连接端211，即连接端211为轴部210的远离球头部220的一端。轴部210的部分位于外壳110内，部分位于外壳110外或者说位于套管30内。其中，连接端211延伸至外壳110的外部、并与叶轮20固接。在图示的实施例中，轴部210大致沿外壳110的轴向延伸，或者说，轴部210的轴线的延伸方向与外壳110的轴向大致一致。
球头部220大致为球体状。球头部220固接于轴部210的远离连接端211一端的端部。具体地，轴部210的轴线经过球头部220的球心。在图示的实施例中，球头部220的直径大于轴部210的直径。
在一些实施例中，轴部210和球头部220为陶瓷材料制成。相比金属材料，陶瓷的加工精度较高，生物相容性和机械强度较高，且具有较好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。在一些实施例中，轴部210和球头部220为一体成型结构；在一些实施例中，轴部210和球头部220也可以通过装配、焊接、粘结的方式固接在一起。在一些实施例中，球头部220具有球本体及设置球本体的表面上的金刚石涂层，以使球头部220表面光滑，具有较高的耐磨性；此时，球本体的材料可以为具有一定刚度的材料，例如金属、陶瓷等，球本体的材料可以和轴部210的材料相同。
请参考图3和图4，转子300固接于轴部210。具体地，转子300包括飞轮310和磁体320，飞轮310固接于轴部210，磁体320固接于飞轮310。在一些实施例中，磁体320为环状的海尔贝克阵列磁铁。在图示的实施例中，转子300位于内腔102中，转子300位于通孔101和第一轴套500之间，即转子300位于第二轴套120和第一轴套500之间。转子300能够相对壳体组件100转动，并且能够带动转轴200转动。
请一并结合图5，飞轮310包括盘状部311、内置管312和外置管313，内置管312和外置管313两者均为圆管状结构，盘状部311为环形圆盘结构。内置管312和外置管313的一端均与盘状部311固接。内置管312和外置管313位于盘状部311的同一侧且共轴设置，外置管313的内径大于内置管312的外径，内置管312至少部分收容于外置管313，外置管313和内置管312之间形成容置磁体320的环形腔314。环形腔314的形状与磁体320的形状相适配，以方便磁体320的安装和定位。如此设置能够使飞轮310对磁体320起到限位作用，不仅方便磁体320的安装，而且也使得磁体320和飞轮310结合更加稳固。
需要说明的是，飞轮310不限于为上述结构，在一些实施例中，飞轮310不具有外置 管313；在一些实施例中，飞轮310不具有外置管313和内置管312，此时，轴部210固定地穿设于盘状部311的中心。相对于仅具有盘状部311的飞轮310，设置内置管312能够使飞轮310与轴部210更加稳定地连接。轴部210可以采用焊接或粘结等多种方式与盘状部311固接，轴部210还可以通过限位结构保持与盘状部311相对静止而固接，轴部210还可以通过与内置管312之间的接触面存在平面而使轴部210与飞轮310同步转动而固接。可以理解，在一些实施例中，飞轮310也可以省略，此时，磁体320可以直接固定在轴部210上。
请结合图3和图6，定子400和转子300沿轴部210的轴线设置，定子400位于通孔101和第一轴套500之间，即定子400位于第一轴套500和第二轴套120之间。定子400能够驱动转子300转动。具体地，定子400能够产生驱动磁体320转动的旋转磁场。通过将转子300和定子400沿轴部210的轴线设置，可以减小驱动装置10的整体直径。在图示的实施例中，定子400固定地安装于壳体组件100，定子400具***于内腔102中；轴部210能够转动地穿设于定子400。
在图示的实施例中，转子300包括沿轴部210的轴线设置的第一转子单元301和第二转子单元302。具体为，飞轮310为两个，磁体320对应为两个，其中一个飞轮310和一个磁体320共同构成第一转子单元301，另一个飞轮310和另一个磁体320共同构成第二转子单元302。第一转子单元301和第二转子单元302相对设置。定子400位于第一转子单元301和第二转子单元302之间。定子400包括沿轴部210的轴线设置的第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402，第一定子单元401能够驱动第一转子单元301转动，第二定子单元402能够驱动第二转子单元302转动。具体地，第一定子单元401能够产生驱动第一转子单元301转动的旋转磁场，第二定子单元402能够产生驱动第二转子单元302转动的旋转磁场。第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402均固定地收容于壳体组件100的内腔102。轴部210能够转动地穿设于第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402。其中，第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402均位于第一转子单元301和第二转子单元302之间。在图示的实施例中，第一转子单元301、第一定子单元401、第二定子单元402和第二转子单元302沿轴线的方向依次设置。
具体地，第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402均包括磁芯410和线圈420，线圈420缠绕于磁芯410上。磁芯410大致为柱状结构，即磁芯410没有宽度较大的头部(即极靴)。相较于设置有极靴的磁芯，柱状结构的磁芯410能够减少磁损耗，增加磁芯410和磁体320之间磁耦合密度，以增大定子400对磁体320的扭矩(在相等电流条件下)。另外，没有头部的磁芯410还能够大大降低因相邻磁芯410之间的接触而导致局部磁短路、电机功率降低的问题。
具体地，磁芯410的延伸方向与外壳110的轴向或者轴部210的轴向一致。第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402的磁芯410为多个，第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402的多个磁芯410分别环绕轴部210的轴线设置一周。每个磁芯410对应设有一个线圈420。
具体地，驱动装置10还包括固接于壳体组件100的导磁件600，第一定子单元401的磁芯410和第二定子单元402的磁芯410均与导磁件600固接。在一些实施例中，导磁件600卡接于外壳110的内侧壁。轴部210能够转动地穿设于导磁件600。导磁件600起到闭合磁路的作用，以促进和增加磁通量的产生，提高耦合能力，因此，设置导磁件600能够起到闭合第一定子单元401和第一转子单元301之间的磁路的作用、闭合第二定子单元402和第二转子单元302之间的磁路的作用，增加磁通量，进而导磁件600的设置有利于减小驱动装置10的整体直径。另外，将第一定子单元401的磁芯410和第二定子单元402的磁芯410均与导磁件600固接，可以通过直接将导磁件600与壳体组件100固接以实现第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402的定位和安装，降低了第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402的装配难度。同时，上述方式设置的导磁件600还能够减少壳体组件100内的定位结构的设置，从而简化壳体组件100的结构，简化整个驱动装置10的装配过程。
具体地，导磁件600包括两个导磁板610，两个导磁板610层叠，其中一个导磁板610与第一定子单元401的磁芯410固接，另一个导磁板610与第二定子单元402的磁芯410固接，轴部210能够转动地穿设于两个导磁板610。可选地，两个导磁板610在装配之前为分体式，通过将导磁件600设置成在装配前为分体的两个导磁板610，在装配驱动装置10时，可以先将第一定子单元401的磁芯410固接于其中一个导磁板610，第二定子单元402的磁芯410固接于另一个导磁板610，然后将两个导磁板610层叠，如此，能够方便第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402分别装配至两个导磁板610，能够使第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402装配更加方便。
具体地，两个导磁板610固接，从而使得第一定子单元401、第二定子单元402和导磁件600形成一个整体而装配至壳体组件100内，使得定子400的装配更加容易。例如，两个导磁板610可以通过胶黏或焊接的方式连接在一起。可以理解，在其他实施例中，两个导磁板610没有固接，而是相互接触。
需要说明的是，导磁件600不限于上述由两个分体的导磁板610组合而成的方式，导磁件600还可以为一板状结构，即导磁件600为一个导磁板610，此时第一定子单元401和第二定子单元402共用一个导磁板610。
具体地，导磁板610的材质为硅钢，磁芯410的材质为硅钢。
可以理解，转子300和定子400的结构不限于为上述结构。在一些实施例中，驱动装置10包括第一转子单元301、第二转子单元302和定子400，但定子400只有一个定子单元，该定子单元位于第一转子单元301和第二转子单元302之间，该定子单元能够同时驱动第一转子单元301和第二转子单元302转动；此时，导磁件600省略；或者，在一些实施例中，转子300只具有一个转子单元，定子400只具有一个定子单元，此时，转子单元位于定子单元第一轴套500之间，或者，转子单元位于定子单元和第二轴套120之间。其中，定子400的定子单元的数量和转子300的转子单元的数量可以根据需要进行调整。
请参考图3和图7，第一轴套500安装于壳体组件100。具体地，第一轴套500收容于壳体组件100的内腔102内。第一轴套500固接于外壳110。转子300、定子400和第一轴套500沿外壳110的轴向间隔设置。在图示的实施例中，第一轴套500位于第一转子单元301的远离定子400的一侧。
在一些实施例中，第一轴套500和第一转子单元301之间具有一定的间隙，以避免第一轴套500和第一转子单元301相接触而产生磨损，然而二者之间的间隔也不要太大，以避免转轴200的长度过长，改善转轴200的受力情况。
其中，第一轴套500具有容置腔501和轴孔502，容置腔501与球头部220相适配，轴孔502与容置腔501连通，其中，球头部220能够转动地设于容置腔501内，轴部210能够转动地穿设于轴孔502，轴孔502的孔径小于球头部220的直径，以将球头部220限制在容置腔501内。具体地，容置腔501大致为球形，或者说，容置腔501的腔壁围成球形结构。
由于轴部210的远离球头部220的一端能够转动地穿设于壳体组件100的通孔101，通孔101的孔壁限制了轴部210的远离球头部220的一端在径向上的摆动范围。且与轴部210的一端固接的球头部220能够转动地设于与球头部220相适配的容置腔501内，球头部220的直径大于轴孔502的孔径，以将球头部220限制在容置腔501内，使得第一轴套500限制了轴部210的靠近球头部220的一端在径向上的摆动范围，同时，限制了球头部220在轴部210的轴线上的移动范围，即实现了对转轴200的轴向限位和径向限位，且无需再另外设置止推件，简化了驱动装置10的结构，有利于降低驱动装置10和血泵1的装配难度。
同时，由于转轴200和第一轴套500是通过球头部220和与球头部220相适配的容置腔501相配合实现了转轴200的靠近球头部220的一端在径向上的摆动范围，以及实现了转轴200在轴部210的轴线上的移动范围，有利于减小球头部220和第一轴套500之间的 摩擦，从而减小转轴200的磨损。
具体地，容置腔501与球头部220相适配是指容置腔501的腔壁的形状和球头部220的形状相同，且球头部220的直径略小于容置腔501的直径，以使球头部220不仅能够在容置腔501内转动，而且容置腔501的腔壁还能够对球头部220进行支撑以及在各个方向上对球头部220进行限位；且容置腔501的腔壁和球头部220的表面均为光滑圆弧面，能够减小二者的磨损。
请结合图7和图8，轴孔502具有第一开口504和第二开口505，轴部210穿设于第一开口504和第二开口505，第一开口504与容置腔501连通，第二开口505远离容置腔501。具体地，第一开口504和第二开口505中的至少一个的边缘设置有倒圆角，避免轴部210或球头部220被具有棱角的轴孔502的开口所刮伤和磨损。
具体地，第一轴套500还具有供冲洗液流通的冲洗液孔503，冲洗液孔503与容置腔501流体连通，冲洗液孔503的孔径小于球头部220的直径，以使球头部220限制于容置腔501内。具体地，冲洗液孔503能够与导管40中的冲洗管线连通，从而能够与清洗管线流体连通，以使冲洗液能够通过冲洗液孔503进入到容置腔501内。
具体地，冲洗液孔503具有第三开口506，第三开口506与容置腔501连通，第三开口506的中心轴线经过容置腔501的中心或者说经过容置腔501所在球体的球心，且第三开口506的中心轴线与轴孔502的中心轴线重合。如此设置，使得冲洗液能够很好地进入到容置腔501的腔壁和球头部220之间，不仅能够起到润滑的作用，降低了球头部220和容置腔501的腔壁之间的摩擦系数，从而降低球头部220和第一轴套500的磨损，而且从冲洗液孔503进入到容置腔501内的冲洗液还能够对球头部220起到液力悬浮支撑作用。其中，冲洗液孔503的远离第三开口506的开口与导管40中的冲洗管线连通。更具体地，冲洗液孔503的中心轴线和容置腔501的中心轴线重合，以使冲洗液孔503为直孔，以降低冲洗液在冲洗液孔503中的能量消耗。
在一些实施例中，定义球头部220的直径为D1，轴部210的靠近球头部220的一端的直径为D2。在一实施例中，球头部220的直径D1大于或等于轴部210的靠近球头部220的一端直径D2的2倍，即D1≥2D2，以使球头部220足够大，即球头部220的直径足够大，从而使得当球头部220与容置腔501的腔壁接触时，球头部220与容置腔501的腔壁具有较大的接触面积，降低球头部220和容置腔501的腔壁的磨损。具体地，球头部220的直径D1无需过大，以避免血泵1整体的直径过大。
在一实施例中，定义容置腔501的直径为D3，容置腔501的直径D3与球头部220的直径D1的比为1.005～1.015，即D3:D1为1.005～1.015。将容置腔501的直径D3与球头部220的直径D1控制为上述比例，不仅使球头部220能够在容置腔501具有一定的窜动空间，保证容置腔501内具有合适的空间填充冲洗液，以及保证冲洗液的流通顺畅，而且能够将转轴200的轴向窜动与径向窜动限制在合理范围内以保证转轴200的稳定转动；同时还使得球头部220和容置腔501的腔壁的磨损较小。如果该球头部220的直径与容置腔501的直径相差太小，会引起冲洗液流通不畅，且冲洗液对球头部220的液力悬浮支撑效果较差；而如果球头部220与容置腔501的腔壁的直径相差太大，会使得球头部220与容置腔501的腔壁的接触面太小而增加球头部220和容置腔501的腔壁的磨损，且球头部220在容置腔501内的窜动较大，会导致驱动装置10运行不稳定。
在一实施例中，定义轴孔502的孔径为D4，轴孔502的孔径D4与轴部210的靠近球头部220的一端的直径D2的比为1.15～1.35，即D4:D2为1.15～1.35。由于安装或者加工精度的问题，第一轴套500和通孔101的孔壁对轴部210进行限位时，很难保证轴部210的轴线和外壳110的轴向重合或者完全平行，因此轴孔502与轴部210之间需要预留间隙空间来给轴部210容错。如果轴孔502的孔径与轴部210的直径相差较小，轴部210在转动时会被与轴孔502的孔壁抵住或卡住，造成转轴200转动不顺畅，而且造成轴部210和轴孔502的孔壁在相抵的位置会磨损严重，同时，轴孔502的孔径与轴部210的直径相差较 小也不利于冲洗液从容置腔501内流入壳体组件100的内腔102，导致冲洗液流通不顺畅；如果轴孔502的孔径与轴部210的直径较大，会导致轴部210的摆动太大，而且会造成球头部220与容置腔501的腔壁的接触面积减小，特别是当球头部220与容置腔501的靠近轴孔502的腔壁接触时，会导致球头部220磨损严重。
在一实施例中，定义容置腔501的直径D3与球头部220的直径D1的差值为d1，轴孔502的孔径D4与轴部210的靠近球头部220的一部直径D2的差值为d2，其中，d2大于d1，如此，能够给轴部210预留容错空间。
在一实施例中，定义冲洗液孔503的第三开口506的口径为D5，冲洗液孔503的第三开口506的口径D5是球头部220的直径D1的1/9～1/3。冲洗液孔503的第三开口506的口径太大会导致球头部220与容置腔501的腔壁的接触面减少(导致单位面积受到的压力较大)，会增大容置腔501的腔壁对球头部220的磨损；第三开口506的口径太小会影响从冲洗液孔503进入容置腔501内的冲洗液的量，而进入冲洗液孔503内的冲洗液一方面给需要给球头部220一冲力，同时进入到球头部220和容置腔501的腔壁之间以起到润滑作用，以减小球头部220和容置腔501的腔壁之间的摩擦系数，因此，进入容置腔501内的冲洗液的量不宜太小。
此外，冲洗液孔503的第三开口506的边缘设置有倒圆角，避免球头部220被刮伤和磨损。
在一些实施例中，第一轴套500包括第一固定部510和第二固定部520。第一固定部510和第二固定部520共同围设出容置腔501，以便于球头部220装入容置腔501内。其中，第一固定部510和第二固定部520之间可以采用粘结、焊接、卡接或采用其他方式固定在一起，第一固定部510和第二固定部520之间也可以仅仅接触而不需要物理上的固定连接，甚至第一固定部510和第二固定部520之间还可以相向设置但二者之间具有间隙。
在一个实施例中，请结合图3、图9和图10，第一固定部510的一侧内凹形成连通的第一半孔511和第一半球槽512，第二固定部520的一侧内凹形成连通的第二半孔521和第二半球槽522，第一固定部510的内凹侧和第二固定部520的内凹侧相向设置，第一半孔511和第二半孔521共同形成轴孔502，第一半球槽512和第二半球槽522共同形成容置腔501。如此，第一固定部510的内凹侧和第二固定部520的内凹侧相向设置，装配便捷，从球头部220的左右两侧包裹球头部220，不需要考虑轴部210的特征。例如，当轴部210靠近球头部220的端部有不同直径段时，则轴孔502的直径不必一定大于轴部210的最大直径才能供轴部210装配穿过轴孔502。
具体地，第一固定部510的内凹侧还内凹形成第一半液槽513，第二固定部520的内凹侧还内凹形成第二半液槽523，第一半液槽513和第二半液槽523共同形成冲洗液孔503。
在图9示出的实施例中，第一轴套500沿过轴部210的轴线的平面分成第一固定部510和第二固定部520，第一固定部510和第二固定部520关于过轴部210的轴线的平面对称分布。可以理解，在其他实施例中，第一轴套500沿与轴部210的轴线成一定夹角的平面分成第一固定部510和第二固定部520，第一固定部510和第二固定部520不一定大小、形状相同。
在另一个实施例中，请结合图11至图13，第一固定部510具有第一半球槽512和与第一半球槽512连通的轴孔502，第二固定部520具有第二半球槽522，第一半球槽512和第二半球槽522共同形成容置腔501。此时，第一固定部510和第二固定部520的拼接面环绕轴部210的轴线设置，容置腔501的腔壁上表面为第一固定部510的第一半球槽512，容置腔501的腔壁下表面为第二固定部520的第二半球槽522，容置腔501的腔壁上下表面分别单独开设而不存在拼接缝隙，半圆形状更加完整，因此球头部220在轴部210的轴向上对应的接触面都是完整的光滑半圆，有利于减少球头部220与容置腔501的腔壁之间的磨损，且可降低第一固定部510和第二固定部520的装配工艺要求。
在图11示出的实施例中，第一轴套500沿大致垂直于轴部210的轴线的平面分成上下 设置的第一固定部510和第二固定部520。
请再次参阅图2和图3，转轴200的一端为球头部220，转动支撑于第一轴套500，转轴200的另一端为轴部210的远离球头部220的一端，转动支撑于第二轴套120，从而转轴200的两端均得到支撑，受力稳定，使得转轴200及转子300运行平稳。
具体地，第一轴套500和第二轴套120中的至少一个为陶瓷材料制成。相比金属材料，陶瓷的加工精度较高，生物相容性、机械强度较高，且具有较好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。在一些实施例中，第一轴套500和第二轴套120中的至少一个具有轴套本体及设置轴套本体的表面上的金刚石涂层，以使第一轴套500和第二轴套120的表面光滑，提高耐磨性。此时，轴套本体的材料可以为具有一定刚度的材料，例如金属、陶瓷等。
具体地，请一并结合图8，通孔101的孔壁、轴部210的表面、球头部220的表面、容置腔501的腔壁和轴孔502的孔壁中的至少一个的粗糙度小于或等于0.1微米，从而有效减小轴部210和通孔101的孔壁之间的摩擦力，轴部210和轴孔502的孔壁之间的摩擦力，以及球头部220和容置腔501的腔壁之间的摩擦力。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种驱动装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体组件，所述壳体组件具有通孔；
    转轴，所述转轴具有轴部和固接于所述轴部的一端的球头部，所述轴部的远离所述球头部的一端能够转动地穿设于所述通孔；
    第一轴套，所述第一轴套安装于所述壳体组件，所述第一轴套具有容置腔和轴孔，所述容置腔与所述球头部相适配，所述轴孔与所述容置腔连通；其中，所述球头部能够转动地设于所述容置腔内，所述轴部能够转动地穿设于所述轴孔，所述轴孔的孔径小于所述球头部的直径，以将所述球头部限制在所述容置腔内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述球头部的直径大于或等于所述轴部的靠近所述球头部的一端直径的2倍。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述容置腔为球形，其中，所述容置腔的直径与所述球头部的直径的比为1.005～1.015。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述容置腔为球形，定义所述容置腔的直径与所述球头部的直径的差值为d1，定义所述轴孔的孔径和所述轴部的靠近所述球头部的一端直径的差值为d2，其中，d2大于d1。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述轴孔的孔径与所述轴部的靠近所述球头部的一端直径的比为1.15～1.35。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述第一轴套包括第一固定部和第二固定部；其中：
    所述第一固定部的一侧内凹形成连通的第一半孔和第一半球槽，所述第二固定部的一侧内凹形成连通的第二半孔和第二半球槽，所述第一固定部的内凹侧和所述第二固定部的内凹侧相向设置，所述第一半孔和所述第二半孔共同形成所述轴孔，所述第一半球槽和所述第二半球槽共同形成所述容置腔；
    或者，所述第一固定部具有第一半球槽和与所述第一半球槽连通的所述轴孔，所述第二固定部具有第二半球槽，所述第一半球槽和所述第二半球槽共同形成所述容置腔。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述第一轴套还具有供冲洗液流通的冲洗液孔，所述冲洗液孔与所述容置腔连通，所述冲洗液孔的中心轴线和所述容置腔的中心轴线重合。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述壳体组件包括外壳和第二轴套，所述第二轴套和所述第一轴套均固接于所述外壳内，所述通孔开设于所述第二轴套上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述转轴的一端为所述球头部，所述球头部转动支撑于所述第一轴套，所述转轴的另一端为所述轴部的远离所述球头部的一端，转动支撑于所述第二轴套。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述轴孔具有第一开口和第二开口，所述第一开口与所述容置腔连通，所述第二开口远离所述容置腔，所述第一开口和所述第二开口中的至少一个的边缘设置有倒圆角，所述轴部穿设于所述第一开口和所述第二开口。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10任意一项所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述驱动装置还包括沿所述轴部的轴线设置的转子和定子，所述转子和所述定子位于所述第一轴套和所述通孔之间，所述转子固接于所述轴部，所述定子能够驱动所述转子转动。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述转子包括飞轮和磁体，所述飞轮固接于所述轴部，所述磁体固接于所述飞轮，所述定子能够产生驱动所述磁体转动的旋转磁场；所述飞轮包括盘状部、内置管和外置管，所述内置管和所述外置 管的一端均与所述盘状部固接，所述内置管和所述外置管位于所述盘状部的同一侧且共轴设置，所述外置管的内径大于所述内置管的外径，所述内置管至少部分收容于所述外置管，所述外置管和所述内置管之间形成容置所述磁体的环形腔。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述转子包括沿所述轴部的轴线设置的第一转子单元和第二转子单元，所述定子包括沿所述轴部的轴线设置的第一定子单元和第二定子单元，所述第一定子单元和所述第二定子单元均位于所述第一转子单元和所述第二转子单元之间，所述第一定子单元能够驱动所述第一转子单元转动，所述第二定子单元能够驱动所述第二转子单元转动；所述第一定子单元和所述第二定子单元均包括磁芯；
    所述驱动装置还包括固接于所述壳体组件的导磁件，所述第一定子单元的所述磁芯和所述第二定子单元的所述磁芯均与所述导磁件固接，所述轴部能够转动地穿设于所述第一定子单元、所述第二定子单元和所述导磁件。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述第一轴套还具有供冲洗液流通的冲洗液孔，所述冲洗液孔与所述容置腔流体连通，所述冲洗液孔的孔径小于所述球头部的直径。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述冲洗液孔具有第三开口，所述第三开口与所述容置腔连通，所述容置腔为球形，所述第三开口的中心轴线经过所述容置腔所在球体的球心，且所述第三开口的中心轴线与所述轴孔的中心轴线重合。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述冲洗液孔的第三开口的口径是所述球头部的直径的1/9～1/3。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述轴部的中心轴线经过所述球头部的球心。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于：所述球头部具有球本体及设置所述球本体的表面上的金刚石涂层；或者，所述球头部的材质为金属或陶瓷。
  19. 一种血泵，其特征在于：包括叶轮和驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括：
    壳体组件，所述壳体组件具有通孔；
    转轴，所述转轴具有轴部和固接于所述轴部的一端的球头部，所述轴部的远离所述球头部的一端能够转动地穿设于所述通孔；
    第一轴套，所述第一轴套安装于所述壳体组件，所述第一轴套具有容置腔和轴孔，所述容置腔与所述球头部相适配，所述轴孔与所述容置腔连通；其中，所述球头部能够转动地设于所述容置腔内，所述轴部能够转动地穿设于所述轴孔，所述轴孔的孔径小于所述球头部的直径，以将所述球头部限制在所述容置腔内；所述轴部的远离所述球头部的一端与所述叶轮连接。
PCT/CN2023/100612 2022-07-26 2023-06-16 驱动装置和血泵 WO2024021918A1 (zh)

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