WO2024012298A1 - 随机接入方法、装置及*** - Google Patents
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- WO2024012298A1 WO2024012298A1 PCT/CN2023/105368 CN2023105368W WO2024012298A1 WO 2024012298 A1 WO2024012298 A1 WO 2024012298A1 CN 2023105368 W CN2023105368 W CN 2023105368W WO 2024012298 A1 WO2024012298 A1 WO 2024012298A1
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- network device
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- preamble sequence
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to random access methods, devices and systems.
- the satellite communication system is integrated with the 5th-Generation (5G) terrestrial network, learning from each other's strengths and complementing each other's weaknesses, to form an integrated communication network of sea, land, air, air and ground with seamless global coverage to meet the diverse business needs of users and is the basis for future communications development.
- 5G 5th-Generation
- NTN non-terrestrial communication networks
- the NTN system includes nodes such as satellite networks, high-altitude platforms, and drones.
- terminal equipment can communicate with base stations on satellites.
- the satellites are far away from the ground and there are factors such as rain attenuation, so the link budget is usually insufficient.
- handheld terminal equipment usually uses omnidirectional antennas or a small number of antennas with low antenna gain, which will cause the uplink budget in the NTN system to become a relatively large bottleneck.
- the terminal device completes uplink synchronization, which is an important part of communication. Therefore, random access is crucial to meeting the link budget. How to improve the random access process and meet the uplink budget required by the NTN system is an issue that needs to be solved urgently.
- Embodiments of the present application provide a random access method, device and system to solve the problem that the uplink budget required by the NTN system cannot be met.
- a random access method is provided.
- the method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or by a device that can implement all or part of Logic module or software implementation of terminal equipment functions.
- the method includes: obtaining first configuration information; the first configuration information is used to indicate the maximum number of repeated transmissions of a preamble; and the maximum number of repeated transmissions of a preamble is greater than 200 times. Send one or more preambles to the network device according to the first configuration information.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble is extended to more than 200 times.
- the number of times the terminal device may ultimately send the preamble With the subsequent increase, the decoding threshold of the network device to decode the preamble can be reduced, the link budget can be improved, and the uplink budget requirements of the scenario can be met.
- sending one or more preambles to the network device according to the first configuration information includes: according to the first configuration information, according to the preconfigured preamble transmission power, sending the preamble to the network device according to the first configuration information. Send one or more preambles.
- the terminal device follows the current power climbing mechanism and performs power climbing every time it sends a preamble, it may be possible until the transmission power of the preamble reaches the preconfigured preamble. The maximum transmit power still cannot meet the required uplink budget.
- the terminal device sends the preamble according to the preconfigured transmit power every time it sends the preamble, without the need for step-by-step power climbing. It can reduce the decoding threshold of the network device to decode the preamble, improve the uplink budget, and meet the requirements of Uplink budget requirements for the scenario.
- the first configuration information is carried in the maximum number of preamble transmission times information broadcast by the network device; or, the first configuration information is carried in the power increase step information broadcast by the network device. ; Or, the first configuration information is carried in the preamble target received power information broadcast by the network device.
- the method further includes: receiving a random access response from the network device. Respond to the message; repeatedly send Msg3 to the network device N times; where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
- the terminal device only needs to send Msg3 once to the network device.
- the network device only receives Msg3 once, and the decoding threshold for decoding Msg3 will be relatively low. High, resulting in insufficient uplink budget.
- the terminal device can repeatedly send Msg3 to the network device, and the decoding threshold of the network device to decode Msg3 will be reduced accordingly, thereby increasing the uplink budget and meeting the uplink budget requirements of the scenario.
- the value of N is determined based on the preamble sequence format of the preamble or the number of times of repeated transmission of the preamble. Based on this solution, the number of repeated transmissions of Msg3 can be implicitly indicated through the preamble sequence format of the preamble or the number of repeated transmissions of the preamble.
- the preamble sequence in the preamble is located in the first preamble sequence group; wherein, the preamble sequences in the first preamble sequence group are all preamble sequences used for uplink coverage enhancement.
- a preamble sequence group applied to uplink coverage enhancement scenarios can be newly defined.
- the preamble sequence in the preamble is located in preamble sequence group A or preamble sequence group B.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is determined based on the first parameter of the satellite.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the NTN system.
- the terminal device can determine the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble according to the first parameter of the satellite, so as to reduce the demodulation threshold of the preamble sequence so that it meets the requirements of the NTN system. Requirements for uplink budget.
- the first parameter of the satellite includes the satellite type of the satellite and/or the position information of the satellite.
- the position information of the satellite includes the orbital altitude of the satellite and/or the elevation angle of the satellite.
- the length of the preamble sequence in the preamble is 139, and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is greater than 4 times; or, the length of the preamble sequence in the preamble is 839, and the preamble The number of repetitions of the leading sequence is greater than 12 times. Based on this solution, the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence can be increased for different preamble sequence lengths so that the preamble decoding threshold meets the uplink budget requirements of the NTN system.
- a random access method is provided.
- the method can be executed by a network device, or by a component of the network device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or by a device that can implement all or part of Logic module or software implementation of network device functions.
- the method includes: receiving one or more preambles from a terminal device; the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble is greater than 200 times; and the network device sends a random access response message to the terminal device.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble is extended to more than 200 times.
- the number of times the terminal device may ultimately send the preamble With the subsequent increase, the decoding threshold of the network device to decode the preamble can be reduced, the link budget can be improved, and the uplink budget requirements of the scenario can be met.
- the method before receiving one or more preambles from the terminal device, the method further includes: sending first configuration information to the terminal device; the first configuration information is used to indicate the preamble The maximum number of times the code is sent repeatedly. Based on this solution, the network device can indicate the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble to the terminal device.
- one or more preambles are sent according to the preconfigured preamble transmission power.
- the terminal device follows the current power climbing mechanism and performs power climbing every time it sends a preamble, it may be possible until the transmission power of the preamble reaches the preconfigured preamble. The maximum transmit power still cannot meet the required uplink budget.
- the terminal device sends the preamble according to the preconfigured transmit power every time it sends the preamble, without the need for step-by-step power climbing. It can reduce the decoding threshold of the network device to decode the preamble, improve the uplink budget, and meet the requirements of Uplink budget requirements for the scenario.
- the first configuration information is carried in the maximum number of preamble transmission times information broadcast by the network device; or, the first configuration information is carried in the power increase step information broadcast by the network device. ; Or, the first configuration information is carried in the preamble target received power information broadcast by the network device.
- the method further includes: receiving Msg3 repeatedly sent by the terminal device N times; where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
- the terminal device only needs to send Msg3 once to the network device.
- the network device only receives Msg3 once, and the decoding threshold for decoding Msg3 will be relatively low. High, resulting in insufficient uplink budget.
- the terminal device can repeatedly send Msg3 to the network device, and the decoding threshold of the network device to decode Msg3 will be reduced accordingly, thereby increasing the uplink budget and meeting the uplink budget requirements of the scenario.
- the value of N is determined based on the preamble sequence format of the preamble or the number of times of repeated transmission of the preamble. Based on this solution, the number of repeated transmissions of Msg3 can be implicitly indicated through the preamble sequence format of the preamble or the number of repeated transmissions of the preamble.
- the preamble sequence in the preamble is located in the first preamble sequence group; wherein, the preamble sequences in the first preamble sequence group are all preamble sequences used for uplink coverage enhancement. Based on this solution, a preamble sequence group applied to uplink coverage enhancement scenarios can be newly defined.
- the preamble sequence in the preamble is located in preamble sequence group A or preamble sequence group B.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is determined based on the first parameter of the satellite.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the NTN system.
- the terminal device can determine the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble according to the first parameter of the satellite, so as to reduce the demodulation threshold of the preamble sequence so that it meets the requirements of the NTN system. Requirements for uplink budget.
- the first parameter of the satellite includes the satellite type of the satellite and/or the position information of the satellite.
- the position information of the satellite includes the orbital altitude of the satellite and/or the elevation angle of the satellite.
- the length of the preamble sequence in the preamble is 139, and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is greater than 4 times; or, the length of the preamble sequence in the preamble is 839, and the number of repetitions of the preamble in the preamble is 839.
- the number of repetitions of the leading sequence is greater than 12 times.
- a communication device for implementing the various methods mentioned above.
- the communication device may be the terminal device in the first aspect, or a device including the terminal device, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device may be a network device in the second aspect, Or a device including the above network device, or a device included in the above network device.
- the communication device includes corresponding modules, units, or means (means) for implementing the above method.
- the modules, units, or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
- the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
- a fourth aspect provides a communication device, including: a processor, the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, and when the processor executes the instructions, the communication device performs the method described in any of the above aspects.
- the communication device may be the terminal device in the first aspect, or a device including the terminal device, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device may be a network device in the second aspect, Or a device including the above network device, or a device included in the above network device.
- the communication device further includes a memory, which is used to store computer instructions.
- the processor and the memory are integrated together, or the processor and the memory are provided separately.
- the memory is coupled to the processor and is external to the communication device.
- a communication device including: a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit is used to communicate with a module outside the communication device; the processor is used to execute through a logic circuit, or by running a computer program or instructions The method described in any of the above aspects.
- the communication device may be the terminal equipment in the above-mentioned first aspect, or a device including the above-mentioned terminal equipment, Or a device included in the above-mentioned terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device may be the network device in the above-mentioned second aspect, or a device including the above-mentioned network device, or a device included in the above-mentioned network device.
- the interface circuit can be a code/data read-write interface circuit, which is used to receive computer execution instructions (computer execution instructions are stored in the memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmitted to the A processor, such that the processor executes computer execution instructions to perform the method described in any of the above aspects.
- the communication device may be a chip or a system on a chip.
- a computer-readable storage medium is provided. Instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when run on a communication device, the communication device can perform the method described in any of the above aspects.
- the communication device may be the terminal device in the first aspect, or a device including the terminal device, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device may be a network device in the second aspect, Or a device including the above network device, or a device included in the above network device.
- a seventh aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a communication device, enables the communication device to perform the method described in any of the above aspects.
- the communication device may be the terminal device in the first aspect, or a device including the terminal device, or a device included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device may be a network device in the second aspect, Or a device including the above network device, or a device included in the above network device.
- An eighth aspect provides a communication device (for example, the communication device may be a chip or a chip system).
- the communication device includes a processor for implementing the functions involved in any of the above aspects.
- the communication device further includes a memory, which is used to store necessary program instructions and data.
- the communication device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.
- a communication system which includes a terminal device and a network device.
- a terminal device is used to perform the method described in the first aspect;
- a network device is used to perform the method described in the second aspect.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of an NTN system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a basic preamble format provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of network equipment and terminal equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 5 is another structural schematic diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 6 is an interactive schematic diagram of a random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 7 is an interactive schematic diagram of another random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 8 is an interactive schematic diagram of yet another random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the application.
- Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
- the NTN system includes nodes such as satellite networks, high-altitude platforms, and drones.
- the network architecture of the NTN system which integrates satellite communications and 5G technology, can be referred to Figure 1.
- terminal equipment on the ground accesses the network through the 5G new air interface.
- 5G base stations are deployed on satellites and connected to the 5G core network on the ground through wireless links.
- wireless links between satellites to complete signaling interaction and user data transmission between base stations on different satellites.
- Terminal equipment wireless communication equipment that supports 5G new air interface, such as mobile phones and other mobile devices.
- 5G new air interface such as mobile phones and other mobile devices.
- terminal equipment can access the satellite network through the 5G new air interface and initiate calls, Internet access and other services.
- 5G base station Mainly responsible for providing wireless access services and scheduling wireless resources for terminal devices, as well as providing reliable wireless transmission protocols and data encryption protocols.
- 5G core network Mainly responsible for user access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication, and billing.
- the core network is composed of multiple functional units, which can be divided into functional entities on the control plane and data plane.
- Data network An operator's network that provides data transmission services for terminal devices.
- Ground station Mainly responsible for forwarding signaling and business data between the 5G base station on the satellite and the 5G core network on the ground.
- 5G new air interface the wireless link between terminal equipment and base stations.
- Xn interface The interface between 5G base stations, mainly used for signaling such as interactive switching.
- NG interface The interface between the 5G base station and the 5G core network. It is mainly used to exchange signaling of the core network and user business data.
- the range can represent the satellite scenario defined in the current standard, and the orbit can represent the satellite type or the orbital altitude of the satellite.
- GEO means that the satellite is a geostationary satellite
- LEO means that the satellite is a low-orbit satellite
- LE0- 1200 indicates that the satellite is a low-orbit satellite with an orbital altitude of 1200km
- LE0-600 indicates that the satellite is a low-orbit satellite with an orbital altitude of 600km.
- the user equipment location indicates the location of the terminal equipment in the NTN system.
- CNR represents the CNR that needs to be met, which can be used to characterize the corresponding uplink budget or the uplink budget requirement that needs to be met.
- the corresponding CNR is -17.177dB.
- the satellite scenario is set1
- the satellite type is GEO
- the user equipment location is edge
- the required uplink budget is -17.177dB.
- the uplink budget in various scenarios is generally low. Especially when the satellite type is GEO, the uplink budget is the worst. For scenario 2, it can reach nearly -22dB.
- the uplink because the handheld terminal device passes Omnidirectional antennas or a small number of antennas are often used. The antenna gain is low and the transmit power is usually low, which will cause the uplink budget in the NTN system to become a relatively large bottleneck.
- random access In random access, the terminal device completes uplink synchronization and transitions from idle state to connected state, which is an important part of communication.
- random access can be divided into contention-based random access procedure (CBRA) and non-contention-based random access (contention-Free Random Access, CFRA).
- CBRA contention-based random access procedure
- CFRA non-contention-based random access
- the contention-based random access process means that the network equipment does not allocate dedicated preamble and/or physical random access channel (PRACH) resources to the terminal equipment, but allows the terminal equipment to operate within a specified range.
- PRACH physical random access channel
- the non-contention-based random access process refers to a random access initiated by the terminal device using a designated preamble on the designated PRACH resource according to the instructions of the network device.
- random access can be divided into four-step random access (4-step random access channel, 4-step RACH) and two-step random access (2-step random access channel, 2-step RACH).
- 4-step RACH 4-step random access channel
- 2-step RACH 2-step random access channel
- Two-step random access combines the steps of exchanging information in four-step random access, which reduces the steps and time required for the random access process compared with four-step random access.
- CBRA with 4-step RA type contention-based four-step random access form
- Step 1 The terminal device sends the preamble to the network device on the PRACH resource, also called sending message 1 (message1, Msg1).
- PRACH resources are determined based on the system information (system information) sent by the network device in a broadcast manner.
- system information system information
- the terminal device When the terminal device performs initial access or needs to re-connect to the network, it can perform downlink synchronization and receive the system information broadcast by the network device. Configuration information about random access.
- Step 2 After receiving Msg1 sent by the terminal device, the network device sends message 2 (message2, Msg2) to the terminal device based on the random access preamble sent by the terminal device.
- Msg2 is also called a random access response (random access response).
- ,RAR random access response
- Msg 2 includes the time-frequency resource location, modulation and coding method and other configuration information used by the terminal device to send Msg3.
- Step 3 After receiving Msg2, the terminal device sends message 3 (message3, Msg3) to the network device in the corresponding time and frequency resources according to the configuration information in Msg2.
- Msg3 is used for contention resolution. If multiple different terminal devices use the same random access preamble for random access, Msg3 and Msg4 can jointly determine whether there is a conflict.
- the transmission content of Msg3 is a high-level message, and its content is not fixed. For example, it can be a radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) connection establishment request message.
- RRC Radio Resource Control
- Msg3 is defined in the protocol as: part of the random access process, transmitted on the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH).
- Msg3 includes the cell-radionetwork temporary identifier (C-RNTI) media interface Media access control (MAC) control element (CE) or common control channel (CCCH) service data unit (SDU) is submitted by the upper layer and competes with the terminal device for resolution Identity associated.
- C-RNTI cell-radionetwork temporary identifier
- MAC media interface Media access control
- CE control element
- CCCH common control channel service data unit
- Step 4 After receiving Msg3, the network device replies message 4 (message4, Msg4) to the terminal device.
- the information content included in Msg4 is not fixed and needs to correspond to the information content included in Msg3 for joint resolution of competition.
- the Msg3 sent by the terminal device includes CCCH SDU.
- the terminal device detects the CCCH SDU sent by itself in Msg3 in Msg4, it will consider that the contention random access is successful and continue the next communication process.
- Msg3 includes an RRC connection establishment request message
- the corresponding Msg4 may be one of the following two messages: an RRC connection rejection message or an RRC connection establishment message.
- CBRA with 2-step RA type contention-based two-step random access form
- Step A The terminal device sends the preamble and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) payload to the network device, also known as sending message A (messageA, MsgA).
- PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
- Step B The network device sends a contention resolution message to the terminal device.
- the contention resolution message may also be called message B (messageB, MsgB) or RAR message.
- MsgA assumes the functions of Msg1 and Msg3
- MsgB assumes the functions of Msg2 and Msg4.
- Step 0. The network device sends random access preamble assignment information (RA preamble assignment) to the terminal device.
- RA preamble assignment random access preamble assignment information
- Step 1 The terminal device sends the preamble to the network device.
- Step 2 The network device sends a RAR message to the terminal device.
- Step 0 The network device sends the preamble and PUSCH allocation information to the terminal device.
- Step A The terminal device sends the preamble and PUSCH payload to the network device.
- Step B The network device sends a RAR message to the terminal device.
- the terminal device needs to send a preamble to the network device to initiate random access.
- the basic format of the preamble can be shown in Figure 2, including a preamble sequence, a cyclic prefix (CP) and an optional guard time (GT).
- the preamble sequence can be repeated X times, and the value of X is related to the format of the preamble (which can also be called the format of the preamble sequence or the preamble sequence format).
- the performance requirements for the PRACH channel include detection error probability of less than 1%.
- the preamble sequence formats currently supported by NR such as the preamble sequence with a length of 839 and the preamble sequence with a length of 139
- simulation is performed to obtain a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value corresponding to a detection error probability of 1%.
- SNR signal-to-noise ratio
- the decoding threshold corresponding to the B4 format or the L2 format still cannot meet the uplink budget required by many scenarios in the NTN system.
- the uplink budget can reach Nearly -22dB
- the decoding threshold corresponding to the B4 format or the L2 format cannot be met. Therefore, corresponding technical enhancements to random access and improving its uplink budget are crucial to meeting the uplink budget required by some scenarios with insufficient uplink budget (such as NTN systems).
- At least one of the following or similar expressions thereof refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (items) or a plurality of items (items).
- at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple .
- words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same functions and effects.
- words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order.
- words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as “exemplary” or “such as” in the embodiments of the application is not to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “such as” is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner that is easier to understand.
- the random access method provided by the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems.
- the random access method provided by the embodiments of this application can be applied to long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) systems, or 5G systems, or NTN systems, or other similar future-oriented new communication systems, such as the 6th generation ( sixth-generation (6G) system, the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
- 6G sixth-generation
- system is interchangeable with "network.”
- the communication system 30 includes a network device 40 and one or more terminal devices 50 .
- the terminal device 50 can communicate with the network device 40 in a wireless manner.
- different terminal devices 50 can communicate with each other.
- the terminal device 50 may be fixed-positioned or movable.
- FIG. 3 is only a schematic diagram.
- the communication system 30 may also include other network equipment.
- the communication system 30 may also include core network equipment, wireless relay equipment, and wireless backhaul equipment.
- core network equipment can be connected to core network equipment through wireless or wired methods.
- the core network device and the network device 40 may be independent and different physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the network device 40 may be integrated on the same physical device, or part of the core network device may be integrated into one physical device.
- the functions of the core network equipment and the functions of part of the network equipment 40 are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application.
- the terminal device 50 is used to obtain the first configuration information; the first configuration information is used to Indicates the maximum number of re-sends of the preamble; the maximum number of re-sends of the preamble is greater than 200 times.
- the terminal device 50 is also configured to send one or more preambles to the network device 40 according to the first configuration information.
- the communication system 30 shown in Figure 3 can be applied to the network architecture shown in Figure 1, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the terminal device 50 in Figure 3 can be a terminal device in the network architecture shown in Figure 1.
- the network device 40 in Figure 3 may be a 5G base station in the network architecture shown in Figure 1, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
- the network device in the embodiment of this application is a device that connects a terminal device to a wireless network.
- the network equipment in the embodiment of the present application may include various forms of base stations, such as macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, and transmitting points (TPs).
- base stations such as macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, and transmitting points (TPs).
- evolved base station evolved NodeB, eNodeB
- transmission reception point TRP
- next generation base station next generation NodeB, gNB
- base station functions in communication systems evolved after 5G It assumes base station functions in equipment, mobile switching centers, and device-to-device (D2D), vehicle outreach (vehicle-to-everything, V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications.
- D2D device-to-device
- V2X vehicle outreach
- M2M machine-to-machine
- Equipment etc.; it can also be network equipment in the NTN communication system, that is, it can be deployed on high-altitude platforms or satellites; it can also be modules or units that complete some functions of the base station, for example, it can be a cloud radio access network,
- the centralized unit (CU) in the C-RAN system can also be a distributed unit (DU).
- the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and specific equipment form used by the network equipment. All or part of the functionality of a network device can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (such as a cloud platform).
- network equipment refers to wireless access network equipment.
- the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device with a wireless transceiver function, and may also be called a terminal.
- Terminal equipment may specifically refer to user equipment, access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station, customer-premises equipment (CPE), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, Mobile terminal, user terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device, etc.
- CPE customer-premises equipment
- the terminal device can also be a satellite phone, a cellular phone, a smartphone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless data card, a wireless modem, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, or a wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless communication function, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, vehicle-mounted equipment, communication equipment carried on high-altitude aircraft , wearable devices, drones, robots, smart point of sale (POS) machines, machine type communication devices, terminal devices in D2D, terminal devices in V2X, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices , augmented reality (AR) terminal equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control (industrial control), driverless (self-driving) Wireless terminals in driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, and wireless terminals in smart city , wireless terminals in smart homes or terminal equipment in future communication networks, etc
- the network equipment and terminal equipment in the embodiments of this application can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; they can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and artificial satellites in the air.
- the embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of network devices and terminal devices.
- the network device and the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application can communicate through a licensed spectrum, a license-free spectrum, or a licensed spectrum and a license-free spectrum at the same time.
- Network equipment and terminal equipment can communicate through spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), spectrum above 6 GHz, or both spectrum below 6 GHz and spectrum above 6 GHz can be used for communication at the same time.
- GHz gigahertz
- the embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used between the network device and the terminal device.
- the network device and terminal device in the embodiment of the present application can also be called a communication device, which can be a general device or a special device, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 it is a schematic structural diagram of a network device and a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the terminal device 50 in FIG. 3 may adopt the structure of the terminal device as shown in FIG. 4
- the network device 40 in FIG. 3 may adopt the structure of the network device as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the terminal device includes at least one processor 501 and at least one transceiver 503.
- the terminal device may also include at least one memory 502, at least one output device 504, or at least one input device 505.
- the processor 501, the memory 502 and the transceiver 503 are connected through communication lines.
- the communication line may include a path that carries information between the above-mentioned components.
- the processor 501 can be a general central processing unit (CPU), or other general processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field Field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof.
- a general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
- the processor 501 may also include multiple CPUs, and the processor 501 may be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor.
- a processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, or processing cores used to process data.
- the memory 502 may be a device with a storage function.
- it can be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (random access memory (RAM)) or other types that can store information and instructions.
- ROM read-only memory
- RAM random access memory
- Dynamic storage devices can also be programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) , EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other Magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
- the memory 502 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 501 through a communication line. Memory 502 may also be integrated with processor 501.
- the memory 502 is used to store computer execution instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and is controlled by the processor 501 for execution.
- the processor 501 is configured to execute computer execution instructions stored in the memory 502, thereby implementing the random access method described in the embodiment of this application.
- the processor 501 may also perform processing-related functions in the random access method provided in the following embodiments of the present application, and the transceiver 503 is responsible for communicating with other devices or communication networks, The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.
- the computer execution instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be called application program codes or computer program codes, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
- the transceiver 503 can use any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), or wireless local area networks (WLAN) wait.
- the transceiver 503 includes a transmitter (Tx) and a receiver (Rx).
- Output device 504 communicates with processor 501 and can display information in a variety of ways.
- the output device 504 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. wait.
- LCD liquid crystal display
- LED light emitting diode
- CRT cathode ray tube
- Input device 505 communicates with processor 501 and can accept user input in a variety of ways.
- the input device 505 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensing device, or the like.
- the network device includes at least one processor 401, at least one transceiver 403, and at least one network interface 404.
- the network device may also include at least one memory 402.
- the processor 401, the memory 402, the transceiver 403 and the network interface 404 are connected through communication lines.
- the network interface 404 is used to connect to the core network device through a link (such as the S1 interface), or to connect to the network interfaces of other network devices through a wired or wireless link (such as the X2 interface) (not shown in Figure 4).
- the application examples do not specifically limit this.
- the relevant description of the processor 401, the memory 402 and the transceiver 403 may refer to the description of the processor 501, the memory 502 and the transceiver 503 in the terminal device, and will not be described again here.
- Figure 5 shows a specific structural form of the terminal device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- the functions of the processor 501 in Figure 3 can be implemented by the processor 510 in Figure 5 .
- the function of the transceiver 503 in Figure 3 can be implemented through the antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 550, wireless communication module 560, etc. in Figure 5.
- the mobile communication module 550 can provide solutions including wireless communication technologies such as LTE, NR or future mobile communications applied to terminal devices.
- the wireless communication module 560 can provide applications on terminal devices including WLAN (such as Wi-Fi network), Bluetooth (blue tooth, BT), global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), and frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM). , near field communication (NFC), infrared and other wireless communication technology solutions.
- the antenna 1 of the terminal device is coupled to the mobile communication module 550, and the antenna 2 is coupled to the wireless communication module 560, so that the terminal device can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
- the function of the memory 502 in Figure 4 can be implemented through the internal memory 521 in Figure 5 or an external memory connected to the external memory interface 520.
- the functions of the output device 504 in FIG. 4 may be implemented through the display screen 594 in FIG. 5 .
- the functions of input device 505 in FIG. 4 may be implemented through a mouse, keyboard, touch screen device, or sensor module 580 in FIG. 5 .
- the terminal device may also include an audio module 570, a camera 593, a button 590, a subscriber identity module (subscriber identity module, SIM) card interface 595, a universal serial bus (universal serial bus) , USB) interface 530, charging management module 540, power management module 541 and one or more of the battery 542.
- an audio module 570 a camera 593, a button 590, a subscriber identity module (subscriber identity module, SIM) card interface 595, a universal serial bus (universal serial bus) , USB) interface 530, charging management module 540, power management module 541 and one or more of the battery 542.
- SIM subscriber identity module
- USB universal serial bus
- the structure shown in Figure 5 does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal device.
- the terminal device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or some components may be combined, or some components may be separated, or may be arranged differently.
- the components illustrated may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 , taking the interaction between the network device 40 and any terminal device 50 shown in FIG. 3 as an example.
- a network device and a terminal device are used as the execution subjects of the interaction gesture as an example to illustrate the method.
- this application does not limit the execution subjects of the interaction gesture.
- the network device in Figure 6 can also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device to implement the method, or can be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the application function network element functions; in Figure 6
- the terminal device may also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal device to implement the method, or may be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the first network element.
- the random access method includes S601-S602:
- the terminal device obtains the first configuration information; the first configuration information is used to indicate the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble; The maximum number of retransmissions of the preamble is greater than 200 times.
- the terminal device sends one or more preambles to the network device according to the first configuration information.
- the maximum number of times the preamble can be repeated is 200 times. This value cannot meet some scenarios, such as the uplink budget requirements of the NTN system.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble is extended to more than 200 times.
- the decoding threshold of the network device to decode the preamble can be reduced, the link budget can be improved, and the uplink budget requirements of the scenario can be met.
- the random access method shown in Figure 6 can be applied to four-step random access and two-step random access.
- the following is an introduction to S601-S602.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble indicated by the first configuration information is greater than 200 times.
- the first configuration information extends the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble.
- the maximum number of re-transmissions of the preamble indicated by the first configuration information is hereinafter referred to as the maximum number of re-transmissions of the preamble after expansion.
- the current maximum number of re-transmissions of the preamble is called the maximum number of re-transmissions of the preamble before expansion.
- the terminal device may determine the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble indicated by the first configuration information based on the first configuration information. The following describes how the terminal device obtains the first configuration information.
- the network device may broadcast the configuration information for the terminal device to perform random access, which carries the first configuration information.
- the terminal device can receive the information broadcast by the network device, thereby obtaining the first configuration information and determining the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the expanded preamble.
- the network device may send the first configuration information to the terminal device by broadcasting a system message.
- the first configuration information may be carried in the system message broadcast by the network device.
- the first configuration information may be carried in system information block 2 (SIB2) broadcast by the network device.
- SIB2 system information block 2
- the first configuration information may be carried in the maximum number of preamble transmission times information broadcast by the network device.
- the maximum number of repeated transmission times of the preamble may be indicated through the information on the maximum number of preamble transmission times.
- the information about the maximum number of preamble transmission times can be the preamble Trans Max parameter.
- the information on the maximum number of transmission times of the preamble can be used to indicate the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble before expansion.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application can perform the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble indicated by the information on the maximum number of transmission times of the preamble.
- the expansion of the value allows the maximum number of preamble transmission times information to indicate the expanded maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble.
- the number of bits occupied by the information on the maximum number of preamble transmission times can be increased, and the increased number of bits can be used to indicate the expanded preamble.
- the maximum number of times the code is sent repeatedly.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble after expansion can be indicated by the bits originally occupied by the maximum number of transmission times of the preamble code not being used to indicate the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble before expansion. times, where "originally occupied bits" refers to the bits currently occupied by the maximum number of transmission times of the preamble. This implementation does not increase the number of bits occupied by the information of the maximum number of transmissions of the preamble, thus saving resource overhead.
- preamble Trans Max the information about the maximum number of transmission times of the preamble. For example, if the information about the maximum number of transmission times of the preamble is the preamble Trans Max parameter, assuming that the preamble Trans Max parameter currently occupies 4 bits, you can pass preamble Trans Max ENUMERATED ⁇ n3,n4,n5,n6,n7,n8,n10,n20,n50 ,n100,n200 ⁇ field, indicating that the maximum number of transmissions of the preamble before expansion can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100 or 200 times.
- the preamble Trans Max ENUMERATED ⁇ n3,n4,n5,n6,n7,n8,n10,n20,n50,n100,n200, n300,n400,n500,n600 ⁇ field, indicating that the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the extended preamble can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 or 600 times. That is to say, the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the extended preamble can still be indicated by 4 bits.
- the first configuration information may be carried in the power increase step information broadcast by the network device.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the expanded preamble may be indicated through the power increase step information.
- the power increasing step information may be the powerRampingStep parameter.
- the power increase step information can be used to indicate the power increase value between the next preamble sent by the terminal device and the last time the preamble was sent.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application can extend the function of the power increase step information.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the extended preamble is indicated through the power increase step information.
- the power increase step size information can be used to indicate the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the extended preamble.
- the bits originally occupied by the long step size information indicate the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the extended preamble.
- the "originally occupied bits" refer to the bits occupied by the current power increase step information.
- the power growth step information is the powerRampingStep parameter, assuming that the powerRampingStep parameter currently occupies 2 bits, in a possible implementation, after function expansion based on the 2 bits occupied by the powerRampingStep parameter, powerRampingStep ENUMERATED ⁇ n300,n400,n500, n600 ⁇ field, indicating that the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the expanded preamble can be 300, 400, 500, or 600 times.
- the first configuration information may be carried in preamble target received power information broadcast by the network device.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the extended preamble may be indicated through the preamble target received power information.
- the preamble target received power information may be the preambleReceivedTargetPower parameter.
- the preamble target received power information can be used to indicate the initial power of the preamble that the network device expects to receive.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application can extend the function of the preamble target received power information. Through the preamble target The received power information indicates the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the extended preamble.
- the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the expanded preamble can be indicated by the bits originally occupied by the preamble target received power information.
- the "originally occupied bits” refer to the bits occupied by the current preamble target received power information.
- preambleReceivedTargetPower the preambleReceivedTargetPower parameter
- preambleReceivedTargetPower ENUMERATED ⁇ n300,n400,n500 ,n600 ⁇ field, indicating that the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the extended preamble can be 300, 400, 500 or 600 times.
- the terminal device can determine the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the expanded preamble according to the first configuration information, and then send the preamble to the network device according to the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the expanded preamble, Until the terminal device receives the RAR message fed back by the network device.
- the terminal device sends multiple preambles to the network device, which can also be referred to as the terminal device repeatedly sending the preambles to the network device multiple times.
- the number of preambles sent by the terminal device to the network device, or the number of times the terminal device repeatedly sends the preamble to the network device does not exceed the maximum number of repeated preambles sent by the extended preamble indicated by the first configuration information.
- the terminal device when it sends the preamble to the network device, it can send the preamble to the network device according to the preconfigured preamble transmission power.
- the transmission power of the terminal device each time it sends the preamble is the preconfigured preamble transmission power.
- the preconfigured preamble transmission power may be the preconfigured maximum preamble transmission power.
- the uplink budget is seriously insufficient, such as in NTN systems, if the terminal device follows the current power climbing mechanism and performs power climbing every time it sends a preamble, it may be possible until the transmission power of the preamble reaches the preconfigured preamble. The maximum transmit power still cannot meet the required uplink budget.
- the terminal device sends the preamble according to the preconfigured transmit power every time it sends the preamble, without the need for step-by-step power climbing. It can reduce the decoding threshold of the network device to decode the preamble, improve the uplink budget, and meet the requirements of Uplink budget requirements for the scenario.
- the terminal device determines the transmission power for each preamble transmission based on different situations of the first configuration information.
- the terminal device in the case where the first configuration information is carried in the preamble maximum transmission times information, can determine the preamble to be sent each time based on the power growth step information configured by the network device and the preamble target reception power information. Code transmission power.
- the specific implementation of the terminal equipment determining the transmit power of the preamble based on the power increase step information and the preamble target received power information can refer to the current power climbing mechanism, which will not be elaborated here.
- the terminal device may also send the preamble to the network device according to the preconfigured preamble transmission power, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
- the terminal device when the first configuration information is carried in power increase step information or preamble target received power information, the terminal device can send the preamble to the network device according to the preconfigured preamble transmission power.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of this application may also include the following steps:
- the terminal device receives the RAR message from the network device.
- the specific content of the RAR message can refer to the existing The agreement will not be described in detail here.
- the terminal device receives the RAR message from the network device.
- the terminal device sends Msg3 to the network device.
- the terminal device can send Msg3 to the network device according to the existing protocol.
- the terminal device can also send Msg3 to the network device in the manner shown in Figure 7 (details will be introduced below).
- the terminal device receives Msg4 from the network device.
- Msg4 the specific content of Msg4 can refer to the existing agreement and will not be described again here.
- a network device and a terminal device are used as the execution subjects of the interaction gesture as an example to illustrate the method, but this application does not limit the execution subjects of the interaction gesture.
- the network device in Figure 7 can also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device to implement the method, or it can also be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the application function network element functions; in Figure 7
- the terminal device may also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal device to implement the method, or may be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the first network element.
- the random access method includes S701-S702:
- the terminal device receives a random access response message from the network device.
- the terminal device After the terminal device receives the RAR message, the terminal device repeatedly sends Msg3 to the network device N times; where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
- the terminal device only needs to send Msg3 once to the network device.
- the network device only receives Msg3 once, and the decoding threshold for decoding Msg3 will be relatively low. High, resulting in insufficient uplink budget.
- the terminal device can repeatedly send Msg3 to the network device, and the decoding threshold of the network device to decode Msg3 will be reduced accordingly, thereby increasing the uplink budget and meeting the uplink budget requirements of the scenario.
- the random access method shown in Figure 7 can be applied to four-step random access.
- the RAR message sent by the network device to the terminal device in S702 can also be called Msg2.
- Msg2 The following is an introduction to S701-S702:
- the terminal device After the terminal device sends one or more preambles to the network device, if the network device successfully decodes the preambles, the network device sends a RAR message to the terminal device. In other words, before S701, the terminal device sends one or more preambles to the network device. Among them, the terminal device can send the preamble to the network device in the manner shown in Figure 6. Alternatively, the terminal device can also send the preamble to the network device according to the existing protocol.
- the number of times the terminal device repeatedly sends Msg3 to the network device, or the value of N can be based on the preamble sequence format or preamble code of the preamble (that is, the preamble sent by the terminal device to the network device in S601). The number of repeated sendings is determined.
- the preamble sequence format used to determine the number of Msg3 repeated transmissions may be the current preamble sequence format or a newly defined preamble sequence format. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
- the number of repeated transmissions of the preamble used to determine the number of repetitions of Msg3 may be the current number of repeated transmissions of the preamble before expansion, or the number of repeated transmissions of the preamble after expansion. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
- the terminal device can configure the mapping relationship between the preamble sequence format of the preamble or the number of repetitions of the preamble and the number of Msg3 repetitions, so that the terminal device can configure the preamble sequence format or the number of repetitions of the preamble according to the preconfigured Mapping relationship to determine the corresponding number of Msg3 repetitions.
- mapping relationship in tabular form can be as shown in Table 4:
- A1 is a current preamble sequence format
- E1, E2, and E3 are newly defined preamble sequence formats.
- E1, E2, or E3 can be based on the current preamble sequence format B4, with the addition of Obtained by the number of repetitions of the leader sequence.
- the terminal device can determine that the corresponding number of repeated Msg3 transmissions is one.
- the terminal device can determine that the corresponding number of repeated Msg3 transmissions is 2 times. If the preamble sequence format of the preamble sent by the terminal device is the rest of the preamble sequence formats in Table 4, the same applies.
- the mapping relationship between the configured preamble sequence format and the number of Msg3 repetitions may be determined based on the scenario or service requirements for the uplink budget.
- the preamble sequence format of the preamble is E1.
- the number of Msg3 repeated transmissions whose corresponding SNR value meets a certain threshold is determined as the Msg3 corresponding to E1. Number of times to resend.
- the threshold can be set according to the scenario or service requirements for the uplink budget. For example, assume that the CNR value required by the application scenario is -17dB, and the preamble sequence format of the preamble is E1.
- the simulation results show that when the number of Msg3 repeated transmissions is 2, the SNR value corresponding to a detection error probability of 1% is -10dB.
- the SNR value corresponding to a detection error probability of 1% is -15dB.
- the SNR value corresponding to a detection error probability of 1% is -18dB.
- -18dB meets the requirements for the CNR value of the application scenario.
- the number of Msg3 repetitions corresponding to the preamble sequence format E1 can be configured to 4 times.
- the network device can also configure the preamble sequence format of the preamble or the mapping relationship between the number of repeated transmissions of the preamble and the number of Msg3 repetitions. After the terminal device sends the preamble to the network device, the network device can determine the number of times the terminal device sends Msg3 repeatedly based on the configured mapping relationship.
- the preamble sequence format used to determine the number of repetitions of Msg3 may be the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble.
- the number of repetitions of the leader sequence is X times.
- the preamble sequence used to determine the number of repeated transmissions of Msg3 may be located in the first preamble sequence group, where the preamble sequences in the first preamble sequence group are all preamble sequences used for uplink coverage enhancement.
- the first preamble sequence group is a preamble sequence group used to select a preamble sequence in an uplink coverage enhancement scenario.
- the terminal device may select a preamble sequence format from the first preamble sequence group as the preamble sequence format of the preamble to be sent, and determine the corresponding number of repeated Msg3 transmissions based on the selected preamble sequence format.
- the network device determines that the preamble sequence of the preamble sent by the terminal device is in the first preamble sequence group, the network device can determine that the terminal device will repeatedly send Msg3.
- a possible name of the first leader sequence group may be leader sequence group C (Group C).
- the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the name of the first leader sequence group.
- the preamble sequence used to determine the number of times Msg3 is repeatedly sent can be located in preamble sequence group A (Group A) or preamble sequence group B (Group B).
- preamble sequences are grouped into two groups, namely GroupA and GroupB.
- the network device may notify the terminal device of the preamble sequences included in Group A and Group B through broadcasting configuration information for random access by the terminal device. For example, the network device may use a broadcast SIB2 message to notify the terminal device.
- the main difference between GroupA and GroupB is the size of the data that the terminal device will transmit in Msg3.
- the terminal device will choose GroupB. Leader sequence. By selecting the preamble sequence in GroupA or GroupB, the terminal device can implicitly notify the network device of the size of the data in Msg3 it will transmit, so that the network device can allocate corresponding uplink resources accordingly.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of this application may also include the following steps:
- the terminal device receives Msg4 from the network device.
- Msg4 the specific content of Msg4 can refer to the existing agreement and will not be described again here.
- FIG. 8 a network device and a terminal device are used as the execution subjects of the interaction gesture as an example to illustrate the method.
- the network device in Figure 8 can also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device to implement the method, or can be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the application function network element functions; in Figure 8
- the terminal device can also be a terminal that supports the The chip, chip system, or processor of the device that implements the method may also be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the first network element.
- the random access method includes S801-S802:
- the terminal device sends one or more preambles to the network device; wherein the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is determined based on the first parameter of the satellite.
- the terminal device receives a random access response message from the network device.
- the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the NTN system.
- the terminal device can determine the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble according to the first parameter of the satellite, so as to reduce the demodulation threshold of the preamble sequence so that it meets the requirements of the NTN system. Requirements for uplink budget.
- the terminal device may pre-configure a mapping relationship between the first parameter of the satellite and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble, so as to determine the number of repetitions of the corresponding preamble sequence based on the mapping relationship and the first parameter of the satellite.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the first parameter of the satellite can be higher than the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the current preamble sequence format, or the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the current preamble sequence format can also be reused.
- the first parameter of the satellite may include the satellite type of the satellite and/or the position information of the satellite.
- the satellite type may include at least one of the following: GEO satellites, highly elliptical orbit (highly eccentric orbit, HEO) satellites, medium earth orbit (MEO) satellites, LEO satellites and other satellite types.
- the position information of the satellite is used to characterize the position of the satellite in the NTN system.
- the position information of the satellite may include information such as the orbital altitude of the satellite and/or the elevation angle of the satellite.
- the elevation angle of the satellite can be 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees or 40 degrees, etc.
- the orbital altitude of the satellite can be 500km, 600km, 730km or 1200km, etc.
- the first parameter of the satellite when the first parameter of the satellite includes multiple pieces of information, different pieces of information can independently determine the corresponding number of repetitions of the preamble sequence, or multiple pieces of information can jointly determine the corresponding number of repetitions of the preamble sequence.
- the first parameter of the satellite includes the satellite type and the orbital altitude of the satellite.
- satellite types include GEO satellites and LEO satellites.
- the corresponding orbital altitudes of LEO satellites include 600 and 1200.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the GEO satellite is 32, the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 1200 is 80, and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 600, can be reused in the current B4 preamble sequence format.
- the number of repetitions of the leader sequence is 32, the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 1200 is 80, and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 600, can be reused in the current B4 preamble sequence format.
- the number of repetitions of the leader sequence is 32, the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 1200 is 80, and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 600,
- the mapping relationship between the first parameter of the satellite and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence may be different or the same.
- the first parameter of the satellite includes the satellite type and the orbital altitude of the satellite.
- satellite types include GEO satellites and LEO satellites.
- the corresponding orbital altitudes of LEO satellites include 600 and 1200.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the GEO satellite is 32.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 1200 is 80.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 600 can be reused.
- the number of repetitions of the leader sequence in the B4 leader sequence format is assumed that the first parameter of the satellite.
- satellite types include GEO satellites and LEO satellites.
- the corresponding orbital altitudes of LEO satellites include 600 and 1200.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the GEO satellite is 32.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the GEO satellite is 32.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 1200 can reuse the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the current L2 preamble sequence format.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence corresponding to the LEO satellite with an orbital altitude of 600 can reuse the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the current L0 preamble sequence format.
- mapping relationship between the configured first parameter of the satellite and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence may be configured according to the requirements of the NTN system for the uplink budget.
- the number of preamble sequence repetitions corresponding to the first parameter of the satellite can be the number of preamble sequence repetitions when the SNR value meets a certain threshold when the detection error probability is 1%.
- the threshold can be set according to the requirements of the NTN system for the uplink budget (for example, it can be the CNR that needs to be met). For example, in order to meet the requirements of the NTN system for the uplink budget, if the length of the preamble sequence in the preamble is 139, the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is greater than 4 times. If the length of the leading sequence in the preamble is 839, the number of repetitions of the leading sequence in the preamble is greater than 12 times.
- the maximum number of repetitions of the preamble may be determined according to the first parameter of the satellite.
- the maximum number of repetitions of the preamble corresponding to the first parameter of the satellite can be higher than the maximum number of repetitions of the current preamble.
- the maximum number of repetitions of the preamble corresponding to the first parameter of the satellite is the expanded preamble. The maximum number of times the code is sent repeatedly.
- the maximum number of repetitions of the preamble corresponding to the first parameter of the satellite can also be reused with the current maximum number of repetitions of the preamble.
- the terminal equipment After the terminal equipment determines the corresponding number of repetitions of the preamble sequence according to the first parameter of the satellite, it determines the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence according to the determined number of repetitions of the preamble sequence. The number determines the preamble sequence format of the preamble to be sent, and sends one or more preambles to the network device.
- the random access method shown in Figure 6, the random access method shown in Figure 7, and the random access method shown in Figure 8 provided by the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. It can also be applied independently, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.
- the methods and/or steps implemented by the terminal device can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the terminal device.
- Methods and/or steps implemented by a network device may also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in network devices.
- embodiments of the present application also provide a communication device, which is used to implement the above various methods.
- the communication device may be the terminal device in the above method embodiment, or a device including the above terminal device, or a component that can be used in the terminal device; or the communication device may be a network device in the above method embodiment, or include the above A device for network equipment, or a component that can be used in network equipment.
- the communication device includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing each function.
- Embodiments of the present application can divide the communication device into functional modules according to the above method embodiments.
- each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module.
- the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 900.
- the communication device 900 includes an interface module 901 and a processing module 902.
- the interface module 901 may also be called a transceiver module or a transceiver unit.
- the interface module 901 is used to implement transceiver functions. For example, it may be a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.
- the processing module 902 is used to obtain first configuration information; the first configuration information is used to indicate the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble; and the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble is greater than 200 times.
- the interface module 901 is configured to send one or more preambles to the network device according to the first configuration information.
- the interface module 901 is specifically configured to send one or more preambles to the network device according to the preconfigured preamble transmission power according to the first configuration information.
- the first configuration information is carried in the maximum number of preamble transmission times information broadcast by the network device; or the first configuration information is carried in the power increase step information broadcast by the network device; or the first configuration The information is carried in the preamble target received power information broadcast by the network device.
- the interface module 901 is also configured to receive a random access response message from the network device and repeatedly send Msg3 to the network device N times; where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
- the value of N is determined based on the preamble sequence format of the preamble or the number of times of repeated transmission of the preamble.
- the preamble sequence in the preamble is located in the first preamble sequence group; wherein, the preamble sequences in the first preamble sequence group are all preamble sequences used for uplink coverage enhancement.
- the preamble sequence in the preamble is located in preamble sequence group A or preamble sequence group B.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is determined based on the first parameter of the satellite.
- the first parameter of the satellite includes a satellite type of the satellite and/or position information of the satellite.
- the position information of the satellite includes the orbital altitude of the satellite and/or the elevation angle of the satellite.
- the length of the leading sequence in the preamble is 139, and the number of repetitions of the leading sequence in the preamble is greater than 4 times; or, the length of the leading sequence in the preamble is 839, and the number of repetitions of the leading sequence in the preamble is greater than 12 times.
- the communication device 900 is presented in the form of dividing various functional modules in an integrated manner.
- a “module” here may refer to a specific ASIC, circuit, processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuits, and/or other devices that may provide the above functions.
- the communication device 900 may take the form of a terminal device shown in FIG. 4 .
- the processor 501 in the terminal device shown in Figure 4 can cause the terminal device to execute the random access method in the above method embodiment by calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 502.
- the functions/implementation processes of the interface module 901 and the processing module 902 in Figure 9 can be implemented by the processor 501 in the terminal device shown in Figure 4 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 502.
- the function/implementation process of the processing module 902 in Figure 9 can be realized by the processor 501 in the terminal device shown in Figure 4 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 502.
- the function/implementation process of the interface module 901 in Figure 9 The implementation process can be implemented through the transceiver 503 in the terminal device shown in Figure 4.
- the communication device 900 provided in this embodiment can execute the above random access method, the technical effects it can obtain can be referred to the above method embodiments, which will not be described again here.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1000.
- the communication device 1000 includes an interface module 1001.
- the interface module 1001 is used to implement transceiver functions, and may be, for example, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface.
- the interface module 1001 is configured to receive one or more preambles from the terminal device; the maximum number of repeated transmissions of the preamble is greater than 200 times.
- the interface module 1001 is also used to send a random access response message to the terminal device.
- the interface module 1001 is also used to send first configuration information to the terminal device; the first configuration information is used to indicate the maximum number of times of repeated transmission of the preamble.
- one or more preambles are sent according to a preconfigured preamble transmit power.
- the first configuration information is carried in the maximum number of preamble transmission times information broadcast by the network device; or the first configuration information is carried in the power increase step information broadcast by the network device; or the first configuration The information is carried in the preamble target received power information broadcast by the network device.
- the interface module 1001 is also used to receive Msg3 repeatedly sent by the terminal device N times; where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
- the value of N is determined based on the preamble sequence format of the preamble or the number of times of repeated transmission of the preamble.
- the preamble sequence in the preamble is located in the first preamble sequence group; wherein, the preamble sequences in the first preamble sequence group are all preamble sequences used for uplink coverage enhancement.
- the preamble sequence in the preamble is located in preamble sequence group A or preamble sequence group B Group B.
- the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is determined based on the first parameter of the satellite.
- the first parameter of the satellite includes a satellite type of the satellite and/or position information of the satellite.
- the position information of the satellite includes the orbital altitude of the satellite and/or the elevation angle of the satellite.
- the length of the preamble sequence in the preamble is 139, and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is greater than 4 times; or, the length of the preamble sequence in the preamble is 839, and the number of repetitions of the preamble sequence in the preamble is More than 12 times.
- the communication device 1000 is presented in the form of dividing various functional modules in an integrated manner.
- a “module” here may refer to a specific ASIC, circuit, processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuits, and/or other devices that may provide the above functions.
- the communication device 1000 may take the form of a network device shown in FIG. 4 .
- the processor 401 in the network device shown in Figure 4 can cause the network device to execute the random access method in the above method embodiment by calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 402.
- the function/implementation process of the interface module 1001 in Figure 10 can be implemented by the processor 401 in the network device shown in Figure 4 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 402.
- the function/implementation process of the interface module 1001 in Figure 10 can be implemented through the transceiver 403 in the network device shown in Figure 4 .
- the communication device 1000 provided in this embodiment can execute the above random access method, the technical effects it can obtain can be referred to the above method embodiments, which will not be described again here.
- one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both.
- the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in the memory.
- the processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow.
- the processor can be built into an SoC (System on a Chip) or ASIC, or it can be an independent semiconductor chip.
- SoC System on a Chip
- ASIC Application Specific integrated circuit
- the processor may further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as FPGA, programmable logic device (PLD), or logic to implement dedicated logic operations. circuit.
- the hardware can be a CPU, microprocessor, DSP chip, microcontroller unit (MCU), artificial intelligence processor, ASIC, SoC, FPGA, PLD, or dedicated digital circuit , any one or any combination of hardware accelerators or non-integrated discrete devices, which can run the necessary software or do not rely on software to perform the above method process.
- MCU microcontroller unit
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- SoC SoC
- FPGA field-programmable gate array
- PLD dedicated digital circuit
- any one or any combination of hardware accelerators or non-integrated discrete devices which can run the necessary software or do not rely on software to perform the above method process.
- embodiments of the present application also provide a chip system, including: at least one processor and an interface.
- the at least one processor is coupled to the memory through the interface.
- the at least one processor executes the computer program or instructions in the memory
- the communication device further includes a memory.
- the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
- the present application provides a computer program product including one or more computer instructions, which when run on a communication device, causes any method in the embodiment of the present application to be executed.
- the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
- Computer instructions may be stored in computer-readable storage media.
- Embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium. Instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when run on a communication device, any method in the embodiment of the present application is executed.
- Computer instructions may be transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center over wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber Transmit to another website, computer, server or data center via digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
- Computer-readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or include one or more data storage devices such as servers and data centers that can be integrated with the media. Available media may be magnetic media (for example, floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (for example, digital versatile disc (DVD)), or semiconductor media (for example, solid state drive (SSD)), etc.
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Abstract
本申请提供了随机接入方法、装置及***,应用于通信技术领域。本申请提供的随机接入方法包括:首先,终端设备获取第一配置信息;第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数;前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次。然后,终端设备根据第一配置信息,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。该方法扩展了目前的前导码最大重复发送次数,从而降低了网络设备解码前导码的解码门限,可以满足一些场景的较低的上行链路预算要求。
Description
本申请要求于2022年07月13日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202210822460.7、申请名称为“随机接入方法、装置及***”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及通信技术领域,尤其涉及随机接入方法、装置及***。
卫星通信***与地面第5代(5th-Generation,5G)网络相融合,取长补短,共同构成全球无缝覆盖的海陆空天地一体化综合通信网,满足用户的多种业务需求,是未来通信发展的重要方向。要实现这一目标,非地面通信网络(non-terrestrial networks,NTN)是重要的技术支撑。NTN***包括卫星网络、高空平台和无人机等节点,在NTN***中,终端设备可以与卫星上的基站通信。
但是,对于NTN***而言,卫星距离地面的距离较远,且有雨衰等因素,链路预算通常不足。尤其对于上行链路,手持终端设备通常采用全向天线,或者少量天线,其天线增益较低,会导致NTN***中的上行链路预算成为比较大的瓶颈。
随机接入中,终端设备完成上行同步,是通信中的重要一环。因此,随机接入对满足链路预算至关重要,如何改进随机接入过程,满足NTN***要求的上行链路预算,是目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种随机接入方法、装置及***,用于解决NTN***要求的上行链路预算无法满足的问题。
为达到上述目的,本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案:
第一方面,提供了一种随机接入方法,该方法可以由终端设备执行,也可以由终端设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片***等)执行,还可以由能实现全部或部分终端设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。该方法包括:获取第一配置信息;第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数;前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次。根据第一配置信息,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。
基于本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法,将前导码的最大重复发送次数扩展至200次以上,终端设备在根据前导码的最大重复发送次数发送前导码时,最终可能发送的前导码的次数随之增加,从而可以减低网络设备解码前导码的解码门限,提升了链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,根据第一配置信息,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码包括:根据第一配置信息,按照预配置的前导码发射功率,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。
在一些上行链路预算严重不足的场景中,例如NTN***中,若终端设备按照目前的功率爬升机制,每次发送前导码时进行功率爬升,可能直至前导码的发射功率为预配置的前导码的最大发射功率,也依然无法满足要求的上行链路预算。而基于本方案,终端设备在每次发送前导码时均按照预配置的前导码发射功率发送,无需一步步进行功率爬升,可以降低网络设备解码前导码的解码门限,提高上行链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中;或者,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的功率增长步长信息中;或者,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。基于本方案,提供了多种获取第一配置信息的方法,对目前的前导码最大传输次数信息、功率增长步长信息或者前导码目标接收功率信息进行了数值或者功能上的拓展,保证了与现有协议的兼容性。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,该方法还包括:接收来自网络设备的随机接入响
应消息;向网络设备重复发送N次Msg3;其中,N为大于1的正整数。
现有的方案中,终端设备只需向网络设备发送一次Msg3,但是在一些上行链路预算严重不足的场景,例如NTN***中,网络设备只接收到一次Msg3,解码Msg3的解码门限就会比较高,导致上行链路预算不足。基于本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法,终端设备可以向网络设备重复发送Msg3,网络设备解码Msg3的解码门限会相应降低,从而可以提高上行链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,N的值是根据前导码的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数确定的。基于本方案,可以通过前导码的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数,隐式地指示Msg3的重复发送次数。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,前导码中的前导序列位于第一前导序列组;其中,第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。基于本方案,可以新定义一个应用于上行覆盖增强场景的前导序列组。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,前导码中的前导序列位于前导序列组A或者前导序列组B。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以应用于NTN***,终端设备可以根据卫星的第一参数,确定前导码中前导序列的重复次数,以降低前导序列的解调门限,使得其满足NTN***对上行链路预算的要求。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,卫星的第一参数包括卫星的卫星类型和/或卫星的位置信息。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,卫星的位置信息包括卫星的轨道高度和/或卫星的仰角。
结合上述第一方面,在一种可能的设计中,前导码中前导序列的长度为139,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4次;或者,前导码中前导序列的长度为839,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。基于本方案,可以针对不同前导序列长度,增加前导序列重复次数以使前导码解码门限满足NTN***的上行链路预算要求。
第二方面,提供了一种随机接入方法,该方法可以由网络设备执行,也可以由网络设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片***等)执行,还可以由能实现全部或部分网络设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。该方法包括:接收来自终端设备的一个或多个前导码;前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次;网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入响应消息。
基于本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法,将前导码的最大重复发送次数扩展至200次以上,终端设备在根据前导码的最大重复发送次数发送前导码时,最终可能发送的前导码的次数随之增加,从而可以减低网络设备解码前导码的解码门限,提升了链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,在接收来自终端设备的一个或多个前导码之前,该方法还包括:向终端设备发送第一配置信息;第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数。基于本方案,网络设备可以向终端设备指示前导码的最大重复发送次数。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,一个或多个前导码是根据预配置的前导码发射功率发送的。
在一些上行链路预算严重不足的场景中,例如NTN***中,若终端设备按照目前的功率爬升机制,每次发送前导码时进行功率爬升,可能直至前导码的发射功率为预配置的前导码的最大发射功率,也依然无法满足要求的上行链路预算。而基于本方案,终端设备在每次发送前导码时均按照预配置的前导码发射功率发送,无需一步步进行功率爬升,可以降低网络设备解码前导码的解码门限,提高上行链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中;或者,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的功率增长步长信息中;或者,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。
基于本方案,提供了多种获取第一配置信息的方法,对目前的前导码最大传输次数信息、功率增长步长信息或者前导码目标接收功率信息进行了数值或者功能上的拓展。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,该方法还包括:接收终端设备重复发送的N次Msg3;其中,N为大于1的正整数。
现有的方案中,终端设备只需向网络设备发送一次Msg3,但是在一些上行链路预算严重不足的场景,例如NTN***中,网络设备只接收到一次Msg3,解码Msg3的解码门限就会比较高,导致上行链路预算不足。基于本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法,终端设备可以向网络设备重复发送Msg3,网络设备解码Msg3的解码门限会相应降低,从而可以提高上行链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,N的值是根据前导码的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数确定的。基于本方案,可以通过前导码的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数,隐式地指示Msg3的重复发送次数。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,前导码中的前导序列位于第一前导序列组;其中,第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。基于本方案,可以新定义一个应用于上行覆盖增强场景的前导序列组。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,前导码中的前导序列位于前导序列组A或者前导序列组B。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以应用于NTN***,终端设备可以根据卫星的第一参数,确定前导码中前导序列的重复次数,以降低前导序列的解调门限,使得其满足NTN***对上行链路预算的要求。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,卫星的第一参数包括卫星的卫星类型和/或卫星的位置信息。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,卫星的位置信息包括卫星的轨道高度和/或卫星的仰角。
结合上述第二方面,在一种可能的设计中,前导码中前导序列的长度为139,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4次;或者,前导码中前导序列的长度为839,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。基于本方案,可以针对不同前导序列长度,增加前导序列重复次数以使前导码解码门限满足NTN***的上行链路预算要求。
第三方面,提供了一种通信装置用于实现上述各种方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面中的终端设备,或者包含上述终端设备的装置,或者上述终端设备中包含的装置,比如芯片;或者,该通信装置可以为上述第二方面中的网络设备,或者包含上述网络设备的装置,或者上述网络设备中包含的装置。
所述通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means),该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现,软件实现,或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
第四方面,提供了一种通信装置,包括:处理器,该处理器用于执行存储器存储的指令,当该处理器执行该指令时,以使该通信装置执行上述任一方面所述的方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面中的终端设备,或者包含上述终端设备的装置,或者上述终端设备中包含的装置,比如芯片;或者,该通信装置可以为上述第二方面中的网络设备,或者包含上述网络设备的装置,或者上述网络设备中包含的装置。
一种可能的设计中,该通信装置还包括存储器,该存储器用于存储计算机指令。可选的,处理器和存储器集成在一起,或者,处理器和存储器分开设置。
一种可能的设计中,该存储器与处理器耦合,且在该通信装置之外。
第五方面,提供了一种通信装置,包括:处理器和接口电路,该接口电路用于与该通信装置之外的模块通信;该处理器用于通过逻辑电路,或者通过运行计算机程序或指令执行上述任一方面所述的方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面中的终端设备,或者包含上述终端设备的装置,
或者上述终端设备中包含的装置,比如芯片;或者,该通信装置可以为上述第二方面中的网络设备,或者包含上述网络设备的装置,或者上述网络设备中包含的装置。
或者,该接口电路可以为代码/数据读写接口电路,该接口电路用于接收计算机执行指令(计算机执行指令存储在存储器中,可能直接从存储器读取,或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该处理器,以使该处理器运行计算机执行指令以执行上述任一方面所述的方法。
在一些可能的设计中,该通信装置可以为芯片或芯片***。
第六方面,提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令,当其在通信装置上运行时,使得通信装置可以执行上述任一方面所述的方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面中的终端设备,或者包含上述终端设备的装置,或者上述终端设备中包含的装置,比如芯片;或者,该通信装置可以为上述第二方面中的网络设备,或者包含上述网络设备的装置,或者上述网络设备中包含的装置。
第七方面,提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品,当其在通信装置上运行时,使得通信装置可以执行上述任一方面所述的方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面中的终端设备,或者包含上述终端设备的装置,或者上述终端设备中包含的装置,比如芯片;或者,该通信装置可以为上述第二方面中的网络设备,或者包含上述网络设备的装置,或者上述网络设备中包含的装置。
第八方面,提供了一种通信装置(例如,该通信装置可以是芯片或芯片***),该通信装置包括处理器,用于实现上述任一方面中所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中,该通信装置还包括存储器,该存储器,用于保存必要的程序指令和数据。该通信装置是芯片***时,可以由芯片构成,也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中,第三方面至第八方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面至第二方面中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果,此处不再赘述。
第九方面,提供一种通信***,该通信***包括终端设备和网络设备。终端设备,用于执行上述第一方面所述的方法;网络设备,用于执行上述第二方面所述的方法。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种NTN***的网络架构的示意图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种前导码基本格式的示意图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种通信***的结构示意图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的网络设备和终端设备的结构示意图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的终端设备的另一种结构示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入方法的交互示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种随机接入方法的交互示意图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的又一种随机接入方法的交互示意图;
图9为申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图;
图10为申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。
为了方便理解本申请实施例的技术方案,首先给出本申请相关技术的简要介绍如下。
1、NTN***
NTN***包括卫星网络、高空平台和无人机等节点。目前,融合了卫星通信和5G技术的NTN***,其网络架构可以参考图1。如图1所示,地面上的终端设备通过5G新空口接入网络。5G基站部署在卫星上,并通过无线链路与地面上的5G核心网相连。同时,在卫星之间存在无线链路,完成不同卫星上的基站与基站之间的信令交互和用户数据传输。图1中的各个网元以及它们之间的接口的简要说明如下:
终端设备:支持5G新空口的无线通信设备,例如可以为手机等移动设备。在NTN***中,终端设备可以通过5G新空口接入卫星网络并发起呼叫,上网等业务。
5G基站:主要负责为终端设备提供无线接入服务和调度无线资源,以及提供可靠的无线传输协议和数据加密协议等。
5G核心网:主要负责用户接入控制、移动性管理、会话管理、用户安全认证以及计费等业务。核心网由多个功能单元组成,可以分为控制面和数据面的功能实体。
数据网络:为终端设备提供数据传输服务的运营商网络。
地面站:主要负责转发卫星上的5G基站与地面上的5G核心网之间的信令和业务数据。
5G新空口:终端设备和基站之间的无线链路。
Xn接口:5G基站之间的接口,主要用于交互切换等信令。
NG接口:5G基站和5G核心网之间的接口,主要用于交互核心网的信令以及用户的业务数据。
对于NTN***而言,卫星距离地面的距离较远,且有雨衰等因素,链路预算通常不足。示例性的,如表1所示。
表1
表1中,范围可以表示目前标准里定义的卫星场景,轨道可以表示卫星的卫星类型,也可以表示卫星的轨道高度,例如GEO表示卫星为同步轨道卫星,LEO表示卫星为低轨道卫星,LE0-1200表示卫星为轨道高度为1200km的低轨道卫星,LE0-600表示卫星为轨道高度为600km的低轨道卫星。用户设备位置表示NTN***中,终端设备的位置。CNR表示需要满足的CNR,其可以用于表征对应的上行链路预算或者说需要满足的上行链路预算要求。示例性的,在场景1中,若卫星类型为GEO,用户设备位置为边缘,对应的CNR为-17.177dB,换言之,NTN***中,若卫星场景为set1,卫星类型为GEO,用户设备位置为边缘,则要求的上行链路预算为-17.177dB。
从上表1可以看出,NTN***中,各种场景的上行链路预算普遍较低,尤其卫星类型为GEO时,上行链路预算最差,对于场景2,可达到将近-22dB。而对于上行链路,因为手持终端设备通
常采用全向天线,或者少量天线,其天线增益较低,且发射功率通常较低,会导致NTN***中的上行链路预算成为比较大的瓶颈。
2、随机接入(random access,RA)
随机接入中,终端设备完成上行同步,从空闲态转入连接态,是通信中的重要一环。其中,可以将随机接入分为基于竞争的随机接入(contention based random access procedure,CBRA)和基于非竞争的随机接入(contention-Free Random Access,CFRA)。基于竞争的随机接入过程是指,网络设备没有为终端设备分配专用的前导码(preamble)和/或物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel,PRACH)资源,而是由终端设备在指定范围内随机选择前导码并发起随机接入的过程。基于非竞争的随机接入过程是指,终端设备根据网络设备的指示,在指定的PRACH资源上使用指定的前导码发起的随机接入。
根据交互信息的步骤的不同,可以将随机接入分为四步随机接入(4-step random access channel,4-step RACH)和两步随机接入(2-step random access channel,2-step RACH)。两步随机接入将四步随机接入中交互信息的步骤进行了合并,比起四步随机接入减少了随机接入过程所需的步骤和时间。
以下介绍基于竞争的四步随机接入形式(CBRA with 4-step RA type),包括如下四个步骤:
步骤1:终端设备在PRACH资源上向网络设备发送前导码,又称为发送消息1(message1,Msg1)。其中,PRACH资源是根据网络设备以广播方式发送的***信息(system information)确定的,终端设备在进行初始接入或者需要重新接入网络时,可以进行下行同步,接收网络设备广播的***信息中有关随机接入的配置信息。
步骤2:网络设备接收到终端设备发送的Msg1之后,根据终端设备发送的随机接入前导码,向终端设备发送消息2(message2,Msg2),Msg2也被称为随机接入响应(random access response,RAR)消息,是网络设备对接收到的Msg1的回应。其中Msg 2包括用于终端设备发送Msg3的时频资源位置,调制编码方式等配置信息。
步骤3:终端设备收到Msg2之后,根据Msg2中的配置信息,在对应时频资源向网络设备发送消息3(message3,Msg3)。Msg3用于竞争解决,如果多个不同终端设备使用相同随机接入前导码进行随机接入,通过Msg3和Msg4可以共同确定是否有冲突。Msg3传输内容为高层消息,其内容不固定,例如可以为无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control,RRC)连接建立请求消息。目前,协议中Msg3的定义为:随机接入流程的一部分,在上行共享信道(uplink shared channel,UL-SCH)上传输,Msg3包括小区无线网络临时标识(cell-radionetworktemporaryidentifier,C-RNTI)媒体接入控制协议(media access control,MAC)控制信元(control element,CE)或者公共控制信道(common control channel,CCCH)服务数据单元(service data unit,SDU),由上层提交并与终端设备竞争解决身份相关联。
步骤4:网络设备接收到Msg3之后,向终端设备回复消息4(message4,Msg4)。Msg4包括的信息内容不固定,需要与Msg3包括的信息内容相对应来共同用于竞争解决。例如,假设终端设备发送的Msg3中包括CCCH SDU,相对应的,如果终端设备在Msg4中检测到自己在Msg3中发送的CCCH SDU,则认为竞争随机接入成功,继续进行接下来的通信过程。又例如,假设Msg3中包括RRC连接建立请求消息,对应的Msg4可以是以下两条消息中的一条:RRC连接拒绝消息或者RRC连接建立消息。
以下介绍基于竞争的两步随机接入形式(CBRA with 2-step RA type),包括如下两个步骤:
步骤A、终端设备向网络设备发送前导码和物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel,PUSCH)有效载荷(payload),又称为发送消息A(messageA,MsgA)。
步骤B、网络设备向终端设备发送竞争解决消息,该竞争解决消息也可以称为消息B(messageB,MsgB)或者RAR消息。
其中,MsgA承担了Msg1和Msg3的功能,MsgB承担了Msg2和Msg4的功能。
以下介绍基于非竞争的四步随机接入形式(CFRA with 4-step RA type),包括如下三个步骤:
步骤0、网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入前导码分配信息(RA preamble assignment)。
步骤1、终端设备向网络设备发送前导码。
步骤2、网络设备向终端设备发送RAR消息。
以下介绍基于非竞争的两步随机接入形式(CFRA with 2-step RA type),包括如下三个步骤:
步骤0、网络设备向终端设备发送前导码和PUSCH分配信息。
步骤A、终端设备向网络设备发送前导码和PUSCH有效载荷。
步骤B、网络设备向终端设备发送RAR消息。
综上所述,上述四种类型随机接入形式中,终端设备均需要向网络设备发送前导码来发起随机接入。目前,示例性的,前导码的基本格式可以如图2所示,包括前导序列、循环前缀(cyclic prefix,CP)和可选的保护间隔(guard time,GT)。其中,前导序列可以重复X次,X的数值与前导码的格式(也可以称为前导序列的格式或者前导序列格式)相关。
示例性的,如表2所示,为现有的新空口(new radio,NR)标准中,对于长度为139的前导序列,不同格式对应的前导序列重复次数:
表2
如表3所示,为现有的NR标准中,对于长度为839的前导序列,不同格式对应的前导序列重复次数:
表3
目前,在NR***中,对PRACH信道的性能需求包括检测错误概率小于1%。针对目前NR所支持的前导序列格式,如长度为839的前导序列和长度为139的前导序列,进行仿真,获得检测错误概率1%对应的信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)值。根据得到的仿真结果可以确定,对于长度为139的前导序列,现有的前导序列格式中,性能最好的是B4格式,其对应的错误概率1%对应的SNR值(也可以理解为解码门限)约为-12.5dB,对于长度为839的前导序列,现有的前导序列格式中,性能最好的是L2格式,其解码门限约为-17dB。但是,B4格式或者L2格式对应的解码门限,依然无法满足NTN***中很多场景要求的上行链路预算,例如,从表1可知,对于场景2,卫星类型为GEO时,上行链路预算可达到将近-22dB,B4格式或者L2格式对应的解码门限均无法满足。因此,对随机接入进行相应的技术增强,提升其上行链路预算,对满足一些上行链路预算不足的场景(例如NTN***)所要求的上行链路预算至关重要。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。其中,在本申请的描述中,除非另有说明,“/”表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系,例如,A/B可以表示A或B;本申请中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况,其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。并且,在本申请的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”是指两个或多于两个。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达,是指的这些项中的任意组合,包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如,a,b,或c中的至少一项(个),可以表示:a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c,其中a,b,c可以是单个,也可以是多个。另外,为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案,在本申请的实施例中,采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定,并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。同时,在本申请实施例中,“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言,使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念,便于理解。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案,并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定,本领域普通技术人员可知,随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现,本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题,
同样适用。
本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以适用于各种通信***。例如,本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以应用于长期演进(long term evolution,LTE)***,或者5G***,或者,NTN***,或者其他面向未来的类似新通信***,例如第6代(sixth-generation,6G)***,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。此外,术语“***”可以和“网络”相互替换。
如图3所示,为本申请实施例提供的一种通信***30。该通信***30包括网络设备40,以及一个或多个终端设备50。其中,终端设备50可以通过无线的方式与网络设备40通信。可选的,不同的终端设备50之间可以相互通信。终端设备50可以是固定位置的,也可以是可移动的。
需要说明的是,图3仅是示意图,虽然未示出,但是该通信***30中还可以包括其它网络设备,如该通信***30还可以包括核心网设备、无线中继设备和无线回传设备中的一个或多个,在此不做具体限定。其中,网络设备可以通过无线或有线方式与核心网设备连接。核心网设备与网络设备40可以是独立的不同的物理设备,也可以是将核心网设备的功能与网络设备40的逻辑功能集成在同一个物理设备上,还可以是一个物理设备上集成了部分核心网设备的功能和部分的网络设备40的功能,本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
以图2所示的网络设备40与任一终端设备50进行交互为例,本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法中,终端设备50,用于获取第一配置信息;第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数;前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次。终端设备50,还用于根据第一配置信息,向网络设备40发送一个或多个前导码。该方案的具体实现和技术效果将在后续方法实施例中详细描述,在此不予赘述。
可选的,图3所示的通信***30可以应用于图1所示的网络架构中,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
示例性的,若图3所示的通信***应用在如图1所示的网络架构中,则图3中的终端设备50可以为图1所示的网络架构中的终端设备。图3中的网络设备40可以为图1所示的网络架构中的5G基站,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的,本申请实施例中的网络设备,是一种将终端设备接入到无线网络的设备。本申请实施例中的网络设备可以包括各种形式的基站(base station),例如,可以是宏基站、微基站(也称为小站)、中继站、接入点、发射点(transmitting point,TP)、演进型基站(evolved NodeB,eNodeB)、发送接收点(transmission reception point,TRP)、5G移动通信***中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB,gNB)、5G之后演进的通信***中实现基站功能的设备、移动交换中心以及设备到设备(Device-to-Device,D2D)、车辆外联(vehicle-to-everything,V2X)、机器到机器(machine-to-machine,M2M)通信中承担基站功能的设备等;也可以是NTN通信***中的网络设备,即可以部署于高空平台或者卫星;也可以是完成基站部分功能的模块或单元,例如,可以是云接入网(cloud radio access network,C-RAN)***中的集中式单元(central unit,CU),也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit,DU)。本申请的实施例对网络设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。网络设备的全部或部分功能也可以通过在硬件上运行的软件功能来实现,或者通过平台(例如云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能来实现。在本申请中,如果无特殊说明,网络设备指无线接入网设备。
可选的,本申请实施例中的终端设备,可以是一种具有无线收发功能的设备,也可以称为终端(terminal)。终端设备具体可以指用户设备、接入终端、用户单元(subscriber unit)、用户站、移动台(mobile station)、客户终端设备(customer-premises equipment,CPE)、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、移动终端、用户终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置等。终端设备还可以是卫星电话、蜂窝电话、智能手机、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol,SIP)电话、无线数据卡、无线调制解调器、平板电脑、带无线收发功能的电脑、无线本地环路(wireless local loop,WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant,PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、高空飞机上搭载的通信设备、可穿戴设备、无人机、机器人、智能销售点(point of sale,POS)机、机器类型通信设备、D2D中的终端设备、V2X中的终端设备、虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality,AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self
driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端或者未来通信网络中的终端设备等等。本申请的实施例对终端设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。终端设备的全部或部分功能也可以通过在硬件上运行的软件功能来实现,或者通过平台(例如云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能来实现。
可选的,本申请实施例中的网络设备和终端设备可以部署在陆地上,包括室内或室外、手持或车载;也可以部署在水面上;还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和人造卫星上。本申请的实施例对网络设备和终端设备的应用场景不做限定。
可选的,本申请实施例中的网络设备和终端设备之间可以通过授权频谱进行通信,也可以通过免授权频谱进行通信,也可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信。网络设备和终端设备之间可以通过6千兆赫(gigahertz,GHz)以下的频谱进行通信,也可以通过6GHz以上的频谱进行通信,还可以同时使用6GHz以下的频谱和6GHz以上的频谱进行通信。本申请的实施例对网络设备和终端设备之间所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
可选的,本申请实施例中的网络设备与终端设备也可以称之为通信装置,其可以是一个通用设备或者是一个专用设备,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的,如图4所示,为本申请实施例提供的网络设备和终端设备的结构示意图。图3中的终端设备50可以采用如图4所示的终端设备的结构,图3中的网络设备40可以采用如图4所示的网络设备的结构。
其中,终端设备包括至少一个处理器501和至少一个收发器503。可选的,终端设备还可以包括至少一个存储器502、至少一个输出设备504或至少一个输入设备505。
处理器501、存储器502和收发器503通过通信线路相连接。通信线路可包括一个通路,在上述组件之间传送信息。
处理器501可以是通用中央处理单元(central processing unit,CPU),还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit,ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array,FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件,硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器,也可以是任何常规的处理器。在具体实现中,作为一种实施例,处理器501也可以包括多个CPU,并且处理器501可以是单核处理器或多核处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路或用于处理数据的处理核。
存储器502可以是具有存储功能的装置。例如可以是只读存储器(read-only memory,ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备、随机存取存储器(random access memory,RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备,也可以是可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM,PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM,EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory,EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory,CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质,但不限于此。存储器502可以是独立存在,通过通信线路与处理器501相连接。存储器502也可以和处理器501集成在一起。
其中,存储器502用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令,并由处理器501来控制执行。具体的,处理器501用于执行存储器502中存储的计算机执行指令,从而实现本申请实施例中所述的随机接入方法。
或者,可选的,本申请实施例中,也可以是处理器501执行本申请下述实施例提供的随机接入方法中的处理相关的功能,收发器503负责与其他设备或通信网络通信,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的,本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码或者计算机程序代码,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
收发器503可以使用任何收发器一类的装置,用于与其他设备或通信网络通信,如以太网、无线接入网(radio access network,RAN)、或者无线局域网(wireless local area networks,WLAN)等。收发器503包括发射机(transmitter,Tx)和接收机(receiver,Rx)。
输出设备504和处理器501通信,可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如,输出设备504可以是液晶显示器(liquid crystal display,LCD),发光二级管(light emitting diode,LED)显示设备,阴极射线管(cathode ray tube,CRT)显示设备,或投影仪(projector)等。
输入设备505和处理器501通信,可以以多种方式接受用户的输入。例如,输入设备505可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
网络设备包括至少一个处理器401、至少一个收发器403和至少一个网络接口404。可选的,网络设备还可以包括至少一个存储器402。其中,处理器401、存储器402、收发器403和网络接口404通过通信线路相连接。网络接口404用于通过链路(例如S1接口)与核心网设备连接,或者通过有线或无线链路(例如X2接口)与其它网络设备的网络接口进行连接(图4中未示出),本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。另外,处理器401、存储器402和收发器403的相关描述可参考终端设备中处理器501、存储器502和收发器503的描述,在此不再赘述。
结合图4所示的终端设备的结构示意图,示例性的,图5为本申请实施例提供的终端设备的一种具体结构形式。
其中,在一些实施例中,图3中的处理器501的功能可以通过图5中的处理器510实现。
在一些实施例中,图3中的收发器503的功能可以通过图5中的天线1,天线2,移动通信模块550,无线通信模块560等实现。移动通信模块550可以提供应用在终端设备上的包括LTE、NR或者未来移动通信等无线通信技术的解决方案。无线通信模块560可以提供应用在终端设备上的包括WLAN(如Wi-Fi网络),蓝牙(blue tooth,BT),全球导航卫星***(global navigation satellite system,GNSS),调频(frequency modulation,FM),近距离无线通信(near field communication,NFC),红外等无线通信技术的解决方案。在一些实施例中,终端设备的天线1和移动通信模块550耦合,天线2和无线通信模块560耦合,使得终端设备可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。
在一些实施例中,图4中的存储器502的功能可以通过图5中的内部存储器521或者外部存储器接口520连接的外部存储器等实现。
在一些实施例中,图4中的输出设备504的功能可以通过图5中的显示屏594实现。
在一些实施例中,图4中的输入设备505的功能可以通过鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或图5中的传感器模块580来实现。
在一些实施例中,如图5所示,该终端设备还可以包括音频模块570、摄像头593、按键590、用户识别模块(subscriber identity module,SIM)卡接口595、通用串行总线(universal serial bus,USB)接口530、充电管理模块540、电源管理模块541和电池542中的一个或多个。
可以理解的是,图5所示的结构并不构成对终端设备的具体限定。比如,在本申请另一些实施例中,终端设备可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件,或者组合某些部件,或者拆分某些部件,或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件,软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
下面将结合图1至图5,以图3所示的网络设备40与任一终端设备50进行交互为例,对本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法进行展开说明。
需要说明的是,本申请下述实施例中各个网元之间的消息名字或消息中各参数的名字等只是一个示例,具体实现中也可以是其他的名字,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
如图6所示,为本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入方法。图6中以网络设备和终端设备作为该交互示意的执行主体为例来示意该方法,但本申请并不限制该交互示意的执行主体。例如,图6中的网络设备也可以是支持该网络设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片***、或处理器,还可以是能实现全部或部分应用功能网元功能的逻辑模块或软件;图6中的终端设备也可以是支持该终端设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片***、或处理器,还可以是能实现全部或部分第一网元功能的逻辑模块或软件。该随机接入方法包括S601-S602:
S601、终端设备获取第一配置信息;第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数;前
导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次。
S602、终端设备根据第一配置信息,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。
现有的方案中,前导码最大重复发送次数为200次,这一数值无法满足一些场景,例如NTN***的上行链路预算要求。基于本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法,将前导码的最大重复发送次数扩展至200次以上,终端设备在根据前导码的最大重复发送次数发送前导码时,最终可能发送的前导码的次数随之增加,从而可以减低网络设备解码前导码的解码门限,提升了链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
如图6所示的随机接入方法可以应用于四步随机接入和两步随机接入中。以下对S601-S602进行展开介绍。
对于S601,本申请实施例中,第一配置信息指示的前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次,换言之,第一配置信息对前导码最大重复发送次数进行了扩展。为了避免歧义,以下将第一配置信息指示的前导码的最大重复发送次数,称为扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。将目前的前导码最大重复发送次数,称为扩展前的前导码最大重复发送次数。
终端设备获取到第一配置信息后,可以根据第一配置信息,确定第一配置信息指示的前导码的最大重复发送次数。以下介绍终端设备如何获取第一配置信息。
一种可能的实现中,网络设备可以广播用于终端设备进行随机接入的配置信息,其中携带有第一配置信息。终端设备可以接收到网络设备广播的信息,从而获取第一配置信息,确定扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。可选的,网络设备可以通过广播***消息,向终端设备发送第一配置信息,换言之,第一配置信息可以携带在网络设备广播的***消息中。例如,第一配置信息可以携带在网络设备广播的***信息2(system information block 2,SIB2)中。
其中,可选的,第一配置信息可以携带在网络设备广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中,换言之,可以通过前导码最大传输次数信息指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。示例性的,前导码最大传输次数信息,可以为preamble Trans Max参数。
目前,前导码最大传输次数信息可以用于指示扩展前的前导码最大重复发送次数,本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以对前导码最大传输次数信息指示的前导码的最大重复发送次数进行数值的扩展,使前导码最大传输次数信息可以指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。
若采用前导码最大传输次数信息指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数,一种可能的实现中,可以增加前导码最大传输次数信息占用的比特数,并通过增加的比特数指示扩展后的前导码的最大重复发送次数。另一种可能的实现中,可以通过前导码最大传输次数信息原本占用的比特中,没有用于指示扩展前的前导码的最大重复发送次数的比特,来指示扩展后的前导码的最大重复发送次数,其中,“原本占用的比特”指目前的前导码最大传输次数信息占用的比特,该实现可以不增加前导码最大传输次数信息占用的比特数,节约了资源开销。
示例性的,若前导码最大传输次数信息为preamble Trans Max参数,假设目前preamble Trans Max参数占用4bit,可以通过preamble Trans Max ENUMERATED{n3,n4,n5,n6,n7,n8,n10,n20,n50,n100,n200}字段,指示扩展前的前导码最大传输次数可以为3、4、5、6、7、8、10、20、50、100或者200次。一种可能的实现中,基于preamble Trans Max参数占用的4bit对数值进行扩展后,可以通过preamble Trans Max ENUMERATED{n3,n4,n5,n6,n7,n8,n10,n20,n50,n100,n200,n300,n400,n500,n600}字段,指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数可以为3、4、5、6、7、8、10、20、50、100、200、300、400、500或者600次。也就是说扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数仍可以通过4bit指示。
或者,第一配置信息可以携带在网络设备广播的功率增长步长信息中,换言之,可以通过功率增长步长信息指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。示例性的,功率增长步长信息,可以为powerRampingStep参数。
目前,功率增长步长信息可以用于指示终端设备下一次发送前导码距离上一次发送前导码的功率增长值,本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以对功率增长步长信息进行功能扩展,通过功率增长步长信息指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。
具体地,若采用功率增长步长信息指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数,可以通过功率增
长步长信息原本占用的比特来指示扩展后的前导码的最大重复发送次数。其中,“原本占用的比特”指目前的功率增长步长信息占用的比特。基于本方案,不用增加功率增长步长信息占用的比特数,便可以指示扩展后的前导码的最大重复发送次数,节约了资源开销。
示例性的,若功率增长步长信息为powerRampingStep参数,假设目前powerRampingStep参数占用2bit,一种可能的实现中,基于powerRampingStep参数占用的2bit进行功能扩展后,可以通过powerRampingStep ENUMERATED{n300,n400,n500,n600}字段,指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数可以为300、400、500或者600次。
或者,第一配置信息可以携带在网络设备广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。换言之,可以通过前导码目标接收功率信息指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。示例性的,前导码目标接收功率信息,可以为preambleReceivedTargetPower参数。
目前,前导码目标接收功率信息可以用于指示网络设备期望接收到的前导码的初始功率,本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以对前导码目标接收功率信息进行功能扩展,通过前导码目标接收功率信息指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。
具体地,若采用前导码目标接收功率信息指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数,可以通过前导码目标接收功率信息原本占用的比特来指示扩展后的前导码的最大重复发送次数。其中,“原本占用的比特”指目前的前导码目标接收功率信息占用的比特。
示例性的,若前导码目标接收功率信息为preambleReceivedTargetPower参数,假设目前preambleReceivedTargetPower参数占用2bit,一种可能的实现中,基于preambleReceivedTargetPower参数占用的2bit进行功能扩展后,可以通过preambleReceivedTargetPower ENUMERATED{n300,n400,n500,n600}字段,指示扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数可以为300、400、500或者600次。
对于S602,终端设备接收到第一配置信息后,可以根据第一配置信息,确定扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数,从而根据扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数,向网络设备发送前导码,直至终端设备接收到网络设备反馈的RAR消息。其中,可以理解的是,终端设备向网络设备发送多个前导码,也可以称为终端设备向网络设备重复发送多次前导码。终端设备向网络设备发送的前导码的个数,或者说终端设备向网络设备重复发送前导码的次数,不超过第一配置信息指示的扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。
可选的,终端设备向网络设备发送前导码时,可以按照预配置的前导码发射功率,向网络设备发送前导码。换言之,终端设备每次发送前导码的发送功率都是预配置的前导码发射功率。示例性的,预配置的前导码发射功率,可以是预配置的前导码最大发射功率。在一些上行链路预算严重不足的场景中,例如NTN***中,若终端设备按照目前的功率爬升机制,每次发送前导码时进行功率爬升,可能直至前导码的发射功率为预配置的前导码的最大发射功率,也依然无法满足要求的上行链路预算。而基于本方案,终端设备在每次发送前导码时均按照预配置的前导码发射功率发送,无需一步步进行功率爬升,可以降低网络设备解码前导码的解码门限,提高上行链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
以下根据第一配置信息的不同情况,对终端设备如何确定每次发送前导码的发送功率进行展开说明。
一种可能的实现中,在第一配置信息携带在前导码最大传输次数信息的情况中,终端设备可以根据网络设备配置的功率增长步长信息和前导码目标接收功率信息,确定每次发送前导码的发送功率。终端设备根据功率增长步长信息和前导码目标接收功率信息确定前导码的发送功率的具体实现可以参考目前的功率爬升机制,在此不做阐述。
当然,该情况中,终端设备也可以按照预配置的前导码发射功率,向网络设备发送前导码,本申请实施例对此不作限制。
一种可能的实现中,在第一配置信息携带在功率增长步长信息或者前导码目标接收功率信息的情况中,终端设备可以按照预配置的前导码发射功率,向网络设备发送前导码。
可选的,S602之后,本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法还可以包括如下步骤:
S603、终端设备接收到来自网络设备的RAR消息。其中,RAR消息的具体内容可参考现有
协议,在此不再赘述。
可选的,如果如图6所示的随机接入方法应用于基于竞争的四步随机接入中,S602之后,还可以包括如下步骤:
S603、终端设备接收到来自网络设备的RAR消息。
S604、终端设备向网络设备发送Msg3。其中,终端设备可以按照现有协议的方式,向网络设备发送Msg3。或者,终端设备也可以按照如图7所示的方式(具体在下文进行介绍),向网络设备发送Msg3。
S605、终端设备接收来自网络设备的Msg4。其中,Msg4的具体内容可参考现有协议,在此不再赘述。
如图7所示,为本申请实施例提供的另一种随机接入方法。图7中以网络设备和终端设备作为该交互示意的执行主体为例来示意该方法,但本申请并不限制该交互示意的执行主体。例如,图7中的网络设备也可以是支持该网络设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片***、或处理器,还可以是能实现全部或部分应用功能网元功能的逻辑模块或软件;图7中的终端设备也可以是支持该终端设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片***、或处理器,还可以是能实现全部或部分第一网元功能的逻辑模块或软件。该随机接入方法包括S701-S702:
S701、终端设备接收来自网络设备的随机接入响应消息。
S702、终端设备收到RAR消息后,终端设备向网络设备重复发送N次Msg3;其中,N为大于1的正整数。
现有的方案中,终端设备只需向网络设备发送一次Msg3,但是在一些上行链路预算严重不足的场景,例如NTN***中,网络设备只接收到一次Msg3,解码Msg3的解码门限就会比较高,导致上行链路预算不足。基于本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法,终端设备可以向网络设备重复发送Msg3,网络设备解码Msg3的解码门限会相应降低,从而可以提高上行链路预算,满足场景的上行链路预算要求。
如图7所示的随机接入方法可以应用于四步随机接入中,S702中网络设备向终端设备发送的RAR消息,也可以称为Msg2。以下对S701-S702进行展开介绍:
对于S701,终端设备向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码后,若网络设备成功解码前导码,网络设备向终端设备发送RAR消息。换言之,在S701之前,终端设备向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。其中,终端设备可以按照如图6所示的方式,向网络设备发送前导码。或者,终端设备也可以按照现有协议的方式,向网络设备发送前导码。
S702中,可选的,终端设备向网络设备重复发送Msg3的次数,或者说N的值,可以是根据前导码(即S601中终端设备向网络设备发送的前导码)的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数确定的。
其中,用于确定Msg3重复发送次数(N的值)的前导序列格式,可以是目前的前导序列格式,也可以是新定义的前导序列格式,本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。用于确定Msg3重复次数的前导码的重复发送次数,可以是目前的拓展前的前导码重复发送次数,也可以是拓展后的前导码重复发送次数,本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。
可选的,终端设备可以配置前导码的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数与Msg3重复次数的映射关系,从而终端设备可以根据发送的前导码的前导序列格式或者重复发送次数,以及预配置的映射关系,确定对应的Msg3重复次数。
示例性的,假设终端设备预配置了表格形式的前导序列格式与Msg3重复次数的映射关系,该表格形式的映射关系可以如表4所示:
表4
表4中,A1是目前的一种前导序列格式,E1、E2、E3是新定义的前导码序列格式,示例性的,E1、E2或E3可以是基于目前的前导序列格式B4,增加其中的前导序列重复次数得到的。若终端设备发送给网络设备的前导码的前导序列格式是A1,则终端设备可以确定对应的Msg3重复发送次数是1次。若终端设备发送给网络设备的前导码的前导序列格式是E1,则终端设备可以确定对应的Msg3重复发送次数是2次。若终端设备发送的前导码的前导序列格式是表4中的其余前导序列格式则以此类推。
一种可能的实现中,配置的前导码的前导序列格式与Msg3重复次数的映射关系,可以是根据场景或业务对上行链路预算的要求确定的。
以下结合示例进行解释。假设前导码的前导序列格式为E1,针对不同的Msg3重复发送次数进行仿真,获得检测错误概率1%对应的SNR值,将对应的SNR值满足一定阈值的Msg3重复发送次数确定为E1对应的Msg3重复发送次数。其中,阈值可以根据场景或业务对上行链路预算的要求设置。例如,假设应用场景要求的需要满足的CNR值为-17dB,前导码的前导序列格式为E1,仿真得到,Msg3重复发送次数为2次时,检测错误概率1%对应的SNR值为-10dB,Msg3重复发送次数为3次时,检测错误概率1%对应的SNR值为-15dB,Msg3重复发送次数为4次时,对应的检测错误概率1%对应的SNR值为-18dB。-18dB满足应用场景对CNR值的要求,可以将前导码的前导序列格式与Msg3重复次数的映射关系中,前导序列格式E1对应的Msg3重复发送次数配置为4次。
可选的,网络设备也可以配置前导码的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数与Msg3重复次数的映射关系。终端设备向网络设备发送前导码后,网络设备可以根据配置的映射关系,确定之后终端设备重复发送Msg3的次数。
一种可能的实现中,用于确定Msg3重复次数的前导序列格式,可以是前导码中前导序列的重复次数。示例性的,如图1所示,前导序列的重复次数为X次。终端设备向网络设备发送此前导码后,终端设备可以根据X的数值,确定对应的Msg3重复发送次数。
可选的,用于确定Msg3重复发送次数的前导序列可以位于第一前导序列组,其中,第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。也可以理解为,第一前导序列组是用于在上行覆盖增强场景中选择前导序列的前导序列组。终端设备可以从第一前导序列组中选择一个前导序列格式作为要发送的前导码的前导序列格式,并根据选择的前导序列格式,确定对应的Msg3重复发送次数。相对应的,网络设备若确定终端设备发送的前导码的前导序列是第一前导序列组中的,网络设备就可以确定终端设备将重复发送Msg3。示例性的,第一前导序列组的一种可能的名称可以为前导序列组C(Group C),当然,本申请实施例对第一前导序列组的名称不作具体限制。
或者,用于确定Msg3重复发送次数的前导序列可以位于前导序列组A(Group A)或者前导序列组B(Group B)。目前的NR标准中,对前导序列进行分组,分为两组,即GroupA和GroupB。网络设备可以通过广播的用于终端设备进行随机接入的配置信息,例如,可以通过广播的SIB2消息,向终端设备通知GroupA和GroupB分别包括的前导序列。目前,GroupA和GroupB的主要区别在于终端设备将要在Msg3中传输的数据的大小,如果终端设备所要传输数据大于Msg3的传输大小门限,并且路径损耗小于配置的特定值,终端设备就会选择GroupB中的前导序列。终端设备通过选择GroupA或者GroupB里面的前导序列,可以隐式地通知网络设备其将要传输的Msg3中数据的大小,从而网络设备可以据此分配相应的上行资源。
可选的,在S702之后,本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法还可以包括如下步骤:
S703、终端设备接收来自网络设备的Msg4。其中,Msg4的具体内容可参考现有协议,在此不再赘述。
如图8所示,为本申请实施例提供的又一种随机接入方法。图8中以网络设备和终端设备作为该交互示意的执行主体为例来示意该方法,但本申请并不限制该交互示意的执行主体。例如,图8中的网络设备也可以是支持该网络设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片***、或处理器,还可以是能实现全部或部分应用功能网元功能的逻辑模块或软件;图8中的终端设备也可以是支持该终端
设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片***、或处理器,还可以是能实现全部或部分第一网元功能的逻辑模块或软件。该随机接入方法包括S801-S802:
S801、终端设备向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码;其中,前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。
S802、终端设备接收来自网络设备的随机接入响应消息。
本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以应用于NTN***,终端设备可以根据卫星的第一参数,确定前导码中前导序列的重复次数,以降低前导序列的解调门限,使得其满足NTN***对上行链路预算的要求。
S801中,终端设备可以预配置卫星的第一参数与前导码中前导序列的重复次数的映射关系,从而根据该映射关系以及卫星的第一参数,确定对应的前导序列的重复次数。其中,卫星的第一参数对应的前导序列的重复次数,可以比目前的前导序列格式中前导序列的重复次数高,或者,也可以复用目前的前导序列格式中,前导序列的重复次数。
可选的,卫星的第一参数可以包括卫星的卫星类型和/或卫星的位置信息。
其中,示例性的,卫星类型可以包括以下至少一项:GEO卫星、高椭圆轨道(highly eccentric orbit,HEO)卫星、中轨道(medium earth orbit,MEO)卫星和LEO卫星等卫星类型。
其中,卫星的位置信息用于表征NTN***中卫星的位置。可选的,卫星的位置信息可以包括卫星的轨道高度和/或卫星的仰角等信息。示例性的,卫星的仰角可以为10度、20度、30度或者40度等,卫星的轨道高度可以为500km、600km、730km或者1200km等。
可选的,卫星的第一参数包括多项信息时,不同项信息可以独立地确定对应的前导序列重复次数,也可以多项信息共同确定对应的前导序列重复次数。示例性的,假设卫星的第一参数包括卫星类型和卫星的轨道高度。其中,卫星类型包括GEO卫星和LEO卫星,LEO卫星对应的轨道高度包括600和1200。GEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数为32,1200轨道高度的LEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数为80,600轨道高度的LEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数,可以复用目前的B4前导序列格式中,前导序列的重复次数。
可选的,若前导序列长度不同,卫星的第一参数与前导序列的重复次数的映射关系可以不同,也可以相同。
示例性的,假设卫星的第一参数包括卫星类型和卫星的轨道高度。其中,卫星类型包括GEO卫星和LEO卫星,LEO卫星对应的轨道高度包括600和1200。对于839长度的前导序列,GEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数为32。1200轨道高度的LEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数为80。600轨道高度的LEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数,可以复用目前的B4前导序列格式中,前导序列的重复次数。对于839长度的前导序列,GEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数为32。1200轨道高度的LEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数,可以复用目前的L2前导序列格式中,前导序列的重复次数。600轨道高度的LEO卫星对应的前导序列重复次数,可以复用目前的L0前导序列格式中,前导序列的重复次数。
一种可能的实现中,配置的卫星的第一参数与前导序列的重复次数的映射关系,可以是根据NTN***对上行链路预算的要求配置的。
可选的,该实现中,卫星的第一参数对应的前导序列重复次数,可以是检测错误概率1%的情况下,SNR值满足一定阈值的前导序列重复次数。其中,阈值可以根据NTN***对上行链路预算的要求(例如,可以为需要满足的CNR)设置。示例性的,为了满足NTN***对上行链路预算的要求,若前导码中前导序列的长度为139,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4次。若前导码中前导序列的长度为839,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。
可选的,卫星的第一参数可以与前导码的最大重复发送次数存在映射关系。换言之,可以根据卫星的第一参数确定前导码的最大重复次数。其中,卫星的第一参数对应的前导码的最大重复次数,可以比目前的前导码的最大重复次数高,或者说,卫星的第一参数对应的前导码的最大重复次数,是扩展后的前导码最大重复发送次数。或者,卫星的第一参数对应的前导码的最大重复次数,也可以复用目前的前导码的最大重复次数。
终端设备根据卫星的第一参数确定对应的前导序列重复次数后,根据确定的前导序列重复次
数确定要发送的前导码的前导序列格式,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。
S802中,终端设备向网络设备发送前导码后,若网络设备成功解码前导码,网络设备向终端设备发送RAR消息。
可选的,本申请实施例提供的如图6所示的随机接入方法、如图7所示的随机接入方法和如图8所示的随机接入方法之间,可以相互结合应用,也可以独立应用,本申请实施例对此不作限制。
可以理解的是,以上各个实施例中,由终端设备实现的方法和/或步骤,也可以由可用于终端设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现。由网络设备(包括第一网络设备、第二网络设备或者第三网络设备)实现的方法和/或步骤,也可以由可用于网络设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现。
上述主要从各个设备之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。相应的,本申请实施例还提供了通信装置,该通信装置用于实现上述各种方法。该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的终端设备,或者包含上述终端设备的装置,或者为可用于终端设备的部件;或者,该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的网络设备,或者包含上述网络设备的装置,或者为可用于网络设备的部件。可以理解的是,该通信装置为了实现上述功能,其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤,本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法实施例中对通信装置进行功能模块的划分,例如,可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块,也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是,本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
以通信装置为上述方法实施例中的终端设备为例,图9示出了一种通信装置900的结构示意图。该通信装置900包括接口模块901和处理模块902。所述接口模块901,也可以称为收发模块或收发单元,接口模块901用以实现收发功能,例如可以是收发电路,收发机,收发器或者通信接口。
在一种可能的设计中,处理模块902,用于获取第一配置信息;第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数;前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次。接口模块901,用于根据第一配置信息,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。
在一种可能的设计中,接口模块901具体用于根据第一配置信息,按照预配置的前导码发射功率,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。
在一种可能的设计中,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中;或者,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的功率增长步长信息中;或者,第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。
在一种可能的设计中,接口模块901,还用于接收来自网络设备的随机接入响应消息和向网络设备重复发送N次Msg3;其中,N为大于1的正整数。
在一种可能的设计中,N的值是根据前导码的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数确定的。
在一种可能的设计中,前导码中的前导序列位于第一前导序列组;其中,第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。
在一种可能的设计中,前导码中的前导序列位于前导序列组A或者前导序列组B。
在一种可能的设计中,前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。
在一种可能的设计中,卫星的第一参数包括卫星的卫星类型和/或卫星的位置信息。
在一种可能的设计中,卫星的位置信息包括卫星的轨道高度和/或卫星的仰角。
在一种可能的设计中,前导码中前导序列的长度为139,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4
次;或者,前导码中前导序列的长度为839,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。
在本实施例中,该通信装置900以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指特定ASIC,电路,执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器,集成逻辑电路,和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。
在一个简单的实施例中,本领域的技术人员可以想到该通信装置900可以采用图4所示的终端设备的形式。
比如,图4所示的终端设备中的处理器501可以通过调用存储器502中存储的计算机执行指令,使得终端设备执行上述方法实施例中的随机接入方法。具体的,图9中的接口模块901和处理模块902的功能/实现过程可以通过图4所示的终端设备中的处理器501调用存储器502中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。或者,图9中的处理模块902的功能/实现过程可以通过图4所示的终端设备中的处理器501调用存储器502中存储的计算机执行指令来实现,图9中的接口模块901的功能/实现过程可以通过图4所示的终端设备中的收发器503来实现。
由于本实施例提供的通信装置900可执行上述随机接入方法,因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例,在此不再赘述。
以通信装置为上述方法实施例中的网络设备为例,图10示出了一种通信装置1000的结构示意图。该通信装置1000包括接口模块1001。接口模块1001用以实现收发功能,例如可以是收发电路,收发机,收发器或者通信接口。
在一种可能的设计中,接口模块1001,用于接收来自终端设备的一个或多个前导码;前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次。接口模块1001,还用于向终端设备发送随机接入响应消息。
在一种可能的设计中,接口模块1001,还用于向终端设备发送第一配置信息;第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数。
在一种可能的设计中,一个或多个前导码是根据预配置的前导码发射功率发送的。
在一种可能的设计中,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中;或者,第一配置信息携带在网络设备广播的功率增长步长信息中;或者,第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。
在一种可能的设计中,接口模块1001,还用于接收终端设备重复发送的N次Msg3;其中,N为大于1的正整数。
在一种可能的设计中,N的值是根据前导码的前导序列格式或者前导码的重复发送次数确定的。
在一种可能的设计中,前导码中的前导序列位于第一前导序列组;其中,第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。
在一种可能的设计中,前导码中的前导序列位于前导序列组A或者前导序列组B Group B。
在一种可能的设计中,前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。
在一种可能的设计中,卫星的第一参数包括卫星的卫星类型和/或卫星的位置信息。
在一种可能的设计中,卫星的位置信息包括卫星的轨道高度和/或卫星的仰角。
在一种可能的设计中,前导码中前导序列的长度为139,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4次;或者,前导码中前导序列的长度为839,前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。
在本实施例中,该通信装置1000以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指特定ASIC,电路,执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器,集成逻辑电路,和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。
在一个简单的实施例中,本领域的技术人员可以想到该通信装置1000可以采用图4所示的网络设备的形式。
比如,图4所示的网络设备中的处理器401可以通过调用存储器402中存储的计算机执行指令,使得网络设备执行上述方法实施例中的随机接入方法。具体的,图10中的接口模块1001的功能/实现过程可以通过图4所示的网络设备中的处理器401调用存储器402中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。或者,图10中的接口模块1001的功能/实现过程可以通过图4所示的网络设备中的收发器403来实现。
由于本实施例提供的通信装置1000可执行上述随机接入方法,因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例,在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是,以上模块或单元的一个或多个可以软件、硬件或二者结合来实现。当以上任一模块或单元以软件实现的时候,所述软件以计算机程序指令的方式存在,并被存储在存储器中,处理器可以用于执行所述程序指令并实现以上方法流程。该处理器可以内置于SoC(片上***)或ASIC,也可是一个独立的半导体芯片。该处理器内处理用于执行软件指令以进行运算或处理的核外,还可进一步包括必要的硬件加速器,如FPGA、可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device,PLD)、或者实现专用逻辑运算的逻辑电路。
当以上模块或单元以硬件实现的时候,该硬件可以是CPU、微处理器、DSP芯片、微控制单元(microcontroller unit,MCU)、人工智能处理器、ASIC、SoC、FPGA、PLD、专用数字电路、硬件加速器或非集成的分立器件中的任一个或任一组合,其可以运行必要的软件或不依赖于软件以执行以上方法流程。
可选的,本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片***,包括:至少一个处理器和接口,该至少一个处理器通过接口与存储器耦合,当该至少一个处理器执行存储器中的计算机程序或指令时,使得上述任一方法实施例中的方法被执行。在一种可能的实现方式中,该通信装置还包括存储器。可选的,该芯片***可以由芯片构成,也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在上述实施例中,可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时,可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。
本申请提供一种计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令,当其在通信装置上运行时,使得本申请实施例的任一方法被执行。
在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时,全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。
计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中。本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令,当其在通信装置上运行时,使得本申请实施例的任一方法被执行。
计算机指令可以从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输,例如,所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line,DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如,软盘、硬盘、磁带),光介质[例如,数字通用光盘(digital versatile disc,DVD)]、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state drive,SSD))等。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本申请进行了描述,然而,在实施所要求保护的本申请过程中,本领域技术人员通过查看所述附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书,可理解并实现所述公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中,“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤,“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施,但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述,显而易见的,在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地,本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明,且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (52)
- 一种随机接入方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:终端设备获取第一配置信息;所述第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数;所述前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次;所述终端设备根据所述第一配置信息,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述终端设备根据所述第一配置信息,向所述网络设备发送所述一个或多个前导码包括:所述终端设备根据所述第一配置信息,按照预配置的前导码发射功率,向所述网络设备发送所述一个或多个前导码。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中;或者,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的功率增长步长信息中;或者,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:所述终端设备接收来自所述网络设备的随机接入响应消息;所述终端设备向所述网络设备重复发送N次Msg3;其中,所述N为大于1的正整数。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述N的值是根据所述前导码的前导序列格式或者所述前导码的重复发送次数确定的。
- 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前导码中的前导序列位于第一前导序列组;其中,所述第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。
- 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前导码中的前导序列位于前导序列组A或者前导序列组B。
- 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。
- 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述卫星的第一参数包括所述卫星的卫星类型和/或所述卫星的位置信息。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述卫星的位置信息包括所述卫星的轨道高度和/或所述卫星的仰角。
- 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前导码中前导序列的长度为139,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4次;或者,所述前导码中前导序列的长度为839,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。
- 一种随机接入方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:网络设备接收来自终端设备的一个或多个前导码;所述前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次;所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送随机接入响应消息。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述网络设备接收来自终端设备的一个或多个前导码之前,所述方法还包括:所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第一配置信息;所述第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数。
- 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述一个或多个前导码是根据预配置的前导码发射功率发送的。
- 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中;或者,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的功率增长步长信息中;或者,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。
- 根据权利要求12-15任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:所述网络设备接收所述终端设备重复发送的N次Msg3;其中,所述N为大于1的正整数。
- 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述N的值是根据所述前导码的前导序列格式或者所述前导码的重复发送次数确定的。
- 根据权利要求12-17任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前导码中的前导序列位于第一前导序列组;其中,所述第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。
- 根据权利要求12-17任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前导码中的前导序列位于前导序列组A或者前导序列组B。
- 根据权利要求12-19任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。
- 根据权利要求20所述的方法,其特征在于,所述卫星的第一参数包括所述卫星的卫星类型和/或所述卫星的位置信息。
- 根据权利要求21所述的方法,其特征在于,所述卫星的位置信息包括所述卫星的轨道高度和/或所述卫星的仰角。
- 根据权利要求12-22任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前导码中前导序列的长度为139,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4次;或者,所述前导码中前导序列的长度为839,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。
- 一种通信装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:接口模块和处理模块;所述处理模块,用于获取第一配置信息;所述第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数;所述前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次;所述接口模块,用于根据所述第一配置信息,向网络设备发送一个或多个前导码。
- 根据权利要求24所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接口模块,具体用于根据所述第一配置信息,按照预配置的前导码发射功率,向所述网络设备发送所述一个或多个前导码。
- 根据权利要求24或25所述的转置,其特征在于,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中;或者,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的功率增长步长信息中;或者,所述第一配置信息携带在所述网络设备广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。
- 根据权利要求24-26任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接口模块,还用于接收来自所述网络设备的随机接入响应消息;所述接口模块,还用于向所述网络设备重复发送N次Msg3;其中,所述N为大于1的正整数。
- 根据权利要求27所述的装置,其特征在于,所述N的值是根据所述前导码的前导序列格式或者所述前导码的重复发送次数确定的。
- 根据权利要求24-28任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述前导码中的前导序列位于第一前导序列组;其中,所述第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。
- 根据权利要求24-28任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述前导码中的前导序列位于前导序列组A或者前导序列组B。
- 根据权利要求24-30任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。
- 根据权利要求31所述的装置,其特征在于,所述卫星的第一参数包括所述卫星的卫星类型和/或所述卫星的位置信息。
- 根据权利要求32所述的装置,其特征在于,所述卫星的位置信息包括所述卫星的轨道高度和/或所述卫星的仰角。
- 根据权利要求24-33任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述前导码中前导序列的长度为139,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4次;或者,所述前导码中前导序列的长度为839,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。
- 一种通信装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:接口模块;所述接口模块,用于接收来自终端设备的一个或多个前导码;所述前导码的最大重复发送次数大于200次;所述接口模块,还用于向所述终端设备发送随机接入响应消息。
- 根据权利要求35所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接口模块,还用于向所述终端设备发送第一配置信息;所述第一配置信息用于指示前导码的最大重复发送次数。
- 根据权利要求35或36所述的装置,其特征在于,所述一个或多个前导码是根据预配置的前导码发射功率发送的。
- 根据权利要求36或37所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一配置信息携带在所述通信装置广播的前导码最大传输次数信息中;或者,所述第一配置信息携带在所述通信装置广播的功率增长步长信息中;或者,所述第一配置信息携带在所述通信装置广播的前导码目标接收功率信息中。
- 根据权利要求35-38任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接口模块,还用于接收所述终端设备重复发送的N次Msg3;其中,所述N为大于1的正整数。
- 根据权利要求39所述的装置,其特征在于,所述N的值是根据所述前导码的前导序列格式或者所述前导码的重复发送次数确定的。
- 根据权利要求35-40任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述前导码中的前导序列位于第一前导序列组;其中,所述第一前导序列组中的前导序列均为用于上行覆盖增强的前导序列。
- 根据权利要求35-40任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述前导码中的前导序列位于前导序列组A或者前导序列组B。
- 根据权利要求35-42任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数是根据卫星的第一参数确定的。
- 根据权利要求43所述的装置,其特征在于,所述卫星的第一参数包括所述卫星的卫星类型和/或所述卫星的位置信息。
- 根据权利要求44所述的装置,其特征在于,所述卫星的位置信息包括所述卫星的轨道高度和/或所述卫星的仰角。
- 根据权利要求35-45任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述前导码中前导序列的长度为139,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于4次;或者,所述前导码中前导序列的长度为839,所述前导码中前导序列的重复次数大于12次。
- 一种通信装置,其特征在于,所述通信装置包括:处理器,所述处理器与存储器耦合,所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令,所述处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的所述指令;当所述指令被所述处理器运行时,使得所述通信装置执行权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法,或者,使得所述通信装置实现权利要求12-23中任一项所述的方法。
- 一种通信装置,其特征在于,所述通信装置包括:处理器和接口电路,所述接口电路用于与所述通信装置之外的模块通信;所述处理器用于通过逻辑电路,或者通过运行计算机程序,或者通过运行指令执行权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法,或者,执行权利要求12-23中任一项所述的方法。
- 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,其上存储有计算机程序,当所述计算机程序被计算机执行时使得权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法被执行,或者,使得权利要求12-23中任一项所述的方法被执行。
- 一种计算机程序产品,其特征在于,所述计算机程序产品包括指令,当所述指令被计算机执行时使得权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法被执行,或者,使得权利要求12-23中任一项所述的方法被执行。
- 一种包括程序代码的计算机程序,其特征在于,当所述计算机程序被计算机执行时使得权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法被执行,或者,使得权利要求12-23中任一项所述的方法被执行。
- 一种通信***,其特征在于,所述通信***包括终端设备和网络设备;所述终端设备,用于执行权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法;所述网络设备,用于执行权利要求12-23中任一项所述的方法。
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