WO2024008669A1 - Module de batterie enrobé et son procédé d'assemblage - Google Patents

Module de batterie enrobé et son procédé d'assemblage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024008669A1
WO2024008669A1 PCT/EP2023/068282 EP2023068282W WO2024008669A1 WO 2024008669 A1 WO2024008669 A1 WO 2024008669A1 EP 2023068282 W EP2023068282 W EP 2023068282W WO 2024008669 A1 WO2024008669 A1 WO 2024008669A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
secondary cells
support structure
battery module
potting medium
cellular support
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/068282
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rodyn GILHARRY
Florian HARTMAN
Original Assignee
Northvolt Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northvolt Ab filed Critical Northvolt Ab
Publication of WO2024008669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024008669A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/229—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means

Definitions

  • Rechargeable or secondary batteries find widespread use as electrical power supplies and energy storage systems.
  • battery modules may include a plurality of electrochemical cells, provided as a means of effective storage and utilization of electric power.
  • Potting is the process of embedding cells with a compound for the purpose of providing resistance to shock and vibration, as well as creating a seal against moisture, solvents, and corrosive agents. Potting compounds may also aid with electrical insulation, flame retardancy, and heat dissipation, as well as providing structural support, bonding the cells into place. Consequently, there are several requirements on the potting material, relating to, for example, mechanical and thermal stability, flame retardancy, heat dissipation, and dielectric strength enhancements.
  • a method for assembling a potted battery module comprises inserting a plurality of secondary cells into a cellular support structure comprising a plurality of compartments, wherein each compartment is configured to receive at least one secondary cell of the plurality of secondary cells and adding a potting medium to each of the compartments to at least partially surround the plurality of secondary cells, such that the secondary cells are secured to the cellular support structure.
  • the potting medium may be added to each compartment, for example, by pouring it into the compartments.
  • the potting medium may also be added to each compartment by pushing, or forcing, the cellular support structure onto the potting medium such that the potting medium enters each compartment.
  • the potting medium is adapted to transfer heat from the secondary cells, and the cellular support structure comprises a thermally insulating material configured to form a thermal barrier between neighboring compartments.
  • thermally conductive potting medium allows heat to be efficiently transported away from the secondary cells, whereas the thermally insulating cellular support structure may hinder the heat spreading from one secondary cell to another.
  • thermally conductive properties may beneficially be combined with thermally insulating properties to improve the thermal management of the secondary cells.
  • a major part of the heat generated by a secondary cell may be transported toward the top or bottom of the compartment, rather than laterally to adjacent compartments.
  • the presence of a thermal barrier between the compartments may hence assist in directing the heat flow in a desired direction, i.e. , towards cooling structures arranged above or below the compartments, and thereby reduce the risk of local overheating, for example caused a by a thermal runaway event spreading within the module.
  • a ‘thermally insulating’ material is understood as a material capable of reducing the heat transfer between two objects when arranged therebetween.
  • the thermally insulating material may be arranged to reduce the heat transfer between two compartments, and more particularly between the potting medium in such compartments.
  • a thermally insulating material may have a thermal conductivity below 0,2 W/mK.
  • potting medium refers to a compound or medium at least partly wrapping a secondary cell and preferably filling a space between the secondary cell and the cellular support structure.
  • the potting medium may be provided in a layer extending from a top portion to a bottom portion of the secondary cell, thereby allowing the entire spacing between the secondary cell and the support structure to be filled with the potting medium.
  • the thermal interface between the potting medium and the secondary cell may be increased or even maximized, allowing for an improved heat transfer from the secondary cell into the potting medium.
  • a cooling plate may be arranged at the top or bottom of the secondary cells.
  • the cooling plate may be arranged in thermal contact with the potting medium to allow heat from the secondary cells to be transferred into the cooling plate.
  • the cooling plate may provide a heatsink functionality reducing the risk of overheating of the secondary cells.
  • the cooling plate may be configured to increase the temperature of the secondary cells to reach an optimum operating temperature, for example when the battery module is subjected to cold conditions.
  • cooling plates may be arranged both at the top and the bottom of the secondary cells when potting medium is provided both at the top portion of secondary cells and at the bottom portion of the secondary cells.
  • the cooling plate may be arranged only at the top of the secondary cells when potting medium is provided only at the top portion of the secondary cells or arranged only at the bottom of the secondary cells when potting medium is provided only t the bottom portion of the secondary cells.
  • the cooling plate may be a passive element, in which the material forming the element may be adapted to absorb and spread the heat, or an active cooling element comprising, for example, channels for guiding a flow of cooling medium.
  • the compartments of the support structure may have a polygonal cross section.
  • a cross section is the so-called honeycomb structure, comprising a plurality of polygonal compartments which, for instance, may be hexagonal.
  • the cross section of a compartment may differ from a cross section of the secondary cell fitted in the compartment to allow spacings and gaps that can accommodate the potting medium.
  • the non-overlapping areas of the respective cross sections define regions which can be filled with the potting medium.
  • a minimum cross-sectional width of a compartment may correspond to a maximum width of a secondary cell to allow the secondary cell to be supported between the walls of the compartment.
  • a cylindrical secondary cell in a square compartment with side lengths corresponding to the diameter of the cylindrical secondary cell, the cylindrical secondary cell can be securely fitted between the compartment walls.
  • a cellular support structure comprising compartments encompassing hexagonal cross sections may provide space efficiency in terms of the number of cylindrical secondary cells being received by the compartments of the cellular support structure.
  • hexagonal cross sections may minimize the potting medium needed to secure cylindrical secondary cells to the cellular support structure and to transfer heat from the secondary cells.
  • a further advantage of the honeycomb structure may be that it provides mechanical stability, provides mechanical support and rigidity to the battery module and increases its ability to withstand mechanical shock and high loads.
  • the support structure comprises a flame- resistant material.
  • a flame-resistant, or fireproof material may be understood as a material capable of preventing spreading of fire in the event of an accident or failure, such as a thermal runaway event of a secondary cell. By using a flame-resistant material, an even more efficient barrier between neighboring compartments may be achieved.
  • the presently described cellular support structure and potting medium may be applied to any shape of secondary cell, such as cylindrical or prismatic, and the module comprising such secondary cells may be a battery pack, a battery module with or without a frame. That is, the present approach may be readily applied to modular battery packs as well as so-called ‘structural batteries’, which may not only provide energy storage but also mechanical structure.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows an isometric view of a cellular support structure, secondary cells and a cooling plate of a battery module according to embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a top view of a potted battery module according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a compartment of a cellular support structure according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • heat generated by the secondary cells 10 may be evacuated into the cooling plate 132 positioned at the bottom of the secondary cells 10 by means of the potting medium. It will be appreciated that the thermal insulating properties of the material of the cellular support structure 110 may prevent or limit the heat generated by the secondary cells 10 travelling to a neighboring compartment 112.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a top view of a potted battery module 100 according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the battery module 100 is shown having a cellular support structure 110 comprising a plurality of compartments 112 each having a secondary cell 10 fitted therein.
  • the compartments 112 are further shown comprising a polygonal cross section differing from the circular cross section of the secondary cells 10 fitted therein such that non-overlapping areas of the aforementioned cross sections define regions in which the potting medium 120 is inserted into each compartment 112.
  • the minimum cross sectional width of each compartment 112 corresponds to the maximum width of each secondary cell 10 fitted therein, thereby allowing each secondary cell 10 to be supported by the walls of their respective compartment 112.
  • the potting medium 120 may enable thermal conductivity between the secondary cells 10 and one or more cooling plates (not shown), and the cellular support structure 110 may form a thermal barrier between the compartments 112. It will be appreciated that the potting material 120 may be configured to further immobilizing each secondary cell 10 within their respective compartments 112 and the cellular support structure 110 may be configured to provide structural stability to the plurality of compartments 112 and to the battery module 100 as a whole.
  • Figure 3 schematically shows a cross sectional view of a compartment 112 of a cellular support structure according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the illustrated embodiment depicts a secondary cell 10 fitted inside the compartment 12 and wherein the potted medium is provided in a first layer 121 arranged at a top portion of the secondary cell 10 and in a second layer 122 arranged at a bottom portion of the secondary cell 10.
  • Figure 3 further illustrates the first layer 121 and the second layer 122 being vertically separated from one another by a space.
  • the first layer 121 may enable thermal conductivity between the secondary cell 10 and a cooling plate 131 positioned on the top of secondary cell 10 such that heat may be evacuated from the secondary cell 10 to the top cooling plate 131 via the first layer 121.
  • the second layer 122 may enable thermal conductivity between the secondary cell 10 and a cooling plate 132 positioned on the bottom of the secondary cell 10.
  • the assembly of the potted compartment 112 illustrated in figure 3 may be obtained by first inserting the secondary cell 10 into the compartment 112, then adding potting material 120 so as to form the first layer 121 at the top portion of the secondary cell 10. After at least partial solidification of the first layer 121 , the second layer 122 of potting medium 120 is added at the bottom portion of the secondary cell 10. The cooling plates 131 , 132 may then be arranged on top and at the bottom of the secondary cell 10 respectively such that the potting medium 120 is in thermal contact with the cooling plates 131 , 132. It will be appreciated that, although the above aspects are presented separately, they may be combined in any suitable manner such that a battery pack may benefit from all of the advantages provided by respective aspects of the present disclosure. Furthermore, whilst the forgoing description and the appended drawings are provided as exemplary or preferred realizations of the disclosed aspects, it will be appreciated that the disclosed aspects need not be limited to the exact form shown and/or described.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

Un module de batterie enrobé est divulgué. Le module de batterie enrobé comprend une pluralité de cellules secondaires et une structure de support cellulaire comprenant une pluralité de compartiments, chaque compartiment étant configuré pour recevoir au moins une cellule secondaire de la pluralité de cellules secondaires, ainsi qu'un matériau thermiquement isolant configuré pour former une barrière thermique entre des compartiments voisins. Le module comprend en outre un milieu d'enrobage thermoconducteur agencé pour entourer au moins partiellement la pluralité de cellules secondaires pour fixer les cellules secondaires à la structure de support cellulaire et pour transférer de la chaleur à partir des cellules secondaires.
PCT/EP2023/068282 2022-07-08 2023-07-04 Module de batterie enrobé et son procédé d'assemblage WO2024008669A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE2250873-3 2022-07-08
SE2250873A SE2250873A1 (en) 2022-07-08 2022-07-08 Honeycomb potting

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024008669A1 true WO2024008669A1 (fr) 2024-01-11

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ID=87196161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2023/068282 WO2024008669A1 (fr) 2022-07-08 2023-07-04 Module de batterie enrobé et son procédé d'assemblage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE2250873A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024008669A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200259226A1 (en) * 2019-02-11 2020-08-13 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Multi-cell battery module
EP3989342A1 (fr) * 2019-08-05 2022-04-27 LG Energy Solution, Ltd. Module de batterie ayant une pluralité de cellules de batterie cylindriques, bloc-batterie le comprenant, et automobile
WO2022118732A1 (fr) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-09 株式会社村田製作所 Bloc-batterie, outil électrique et véhicule électrique

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Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200259226A1 (en) * 2019-02-11 2020-08-13 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Multi-cell battery module
EP3989342A1 (fr) * 2019-08-05 2022-04-27 LG Energy Solution, Ltd. Module de batterie ayant une pluralité de cellules de batterie cylindriques, bloc-batterie le comprenant, et automobile
WO2022118732A1 (fr) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-09 株式会社村田製作所 Bloc-batterie, outil électrique et véhicule électrique

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