WO2024002233A1 - 一种金刚线切割装置、线切割控制方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种金刚线切割装置、线切割控制方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024002233A1
WO2024002233A1 PCT/CN2023/103801 CN2023103801W WO2024002233A1 WO 2024002233 A1 WO2024002233 A1 WO 2024002233A1 CN 2023103801 W CN2023103801 W CN 2023103801W WO 2024002233 A1 WO2024002233 A1 WO 2024002233A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axis
cutting
cut
platform
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/103801
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
仇健
王鹏
许雷
周健
王兆蕊
Original Assignee
青岛高测科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202210764301.6A external-priority patent/CN115008322B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210764302.0A external-priority patent/CN114985857B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202223595479.7U external-priority patent/CN219686173U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202223600336.0U external-priority patent/CN219170308U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202223600338.XU external-priority patent/CN219522631U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211731223.6A external-priority patent/CN116638162A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202223595527.2U external-priority patent/CN219171327U/zh
Application filed by 青岛高测科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 青岛高测科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024002233A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024002233A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D57/00—Sawing machines or sawing devices not covered by one of the preceding groups B23D45/00 - B23D55/00
    • B23D57/02—Sawing machines or sawing devices not covered by one of the preceding groups B23D45/00 - B23D55/00 with chain saws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D5/00—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor
    • B28D5/04—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor by tools other than rotary type, e.g. reciprocating tools

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of diamond wire cutting, specifically, to a diamond wire cutting device, a wire cutting control method and a device.
  • Conventional diamond linear surface cutting uses the linkage of the X-axis and Y-axis to perform curve feed to achieve CNC surface cutting. This method has certain flaws. Relative to the material, the cutting tool always maintains the same direction and position. When the material being cut is fed in a curve, it will produce resistance to the diamond wire along the tangent direction of the cutting point on the curve, causing the diamond wire to move in that direction. Produces a line bow. This line bow will form a certain angle with the centerline of the wheel groove of the cutting guide wheel ( Figure 1). The tangent directions at each point of the curve are not the same, which causes the direction of the line bow generated during cutting to always change.
  • the constant changes in the direction of the wire bow cause the diamond wire to swing and oscillate, resulting in oscillatory changes in the cutting resistance. These changes cause the direction and size of the wire bow to be uncontrollable, eventually causing the actual cutting position to deviate from the preset walking trajectory, resulting in a decrease in cutting accuracy.
  • the vibration during the cutting process can also cause problems such as disconnection and disconnection, and the failure rate is high.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a diamond wire cutting device to solve the problem that when cutting a curve, the wire bow forms a certain angle with the center line of the wheel groove of the cutting guide wheel, causing the direction and size of the wire bow to continuously change during the cutting process, and the actual cutting position deviates. Problem with preset walking trajectory.
  • a diamond wire cutting device including: a cutting component used to cut materials to be cut; a loading component used to clamp and fix the materials to be cut; a control component connected to the cutting component and the loading component respectively,
  • the control component is used to control the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut to rotate around the preset rotation axis according to the preset path to be cut, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent line at the cutting point in the preset path to be cut.
  • the directions are consistent and coplanar with the standard cutting surface; wherein the standard cutting surface is the plane where the center line of the cutting wheel groove is located.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a diamond wire cutting device, including: a cutting component, used to cut the material to be cut; a loading component, used to clamp and fix the material to be cut; a control component, respectively connected with the cutting component and the loading component Connection, the control component is used to control the cutting surface and/or the rotation of the material to be cut around the preset rotation axis according to the preset path to be cut, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction at the cutting point in the preset path to be cut.
  • the standard cutting surface is the plane where the center line of the cutting wheel groove is located.
  • the diamond wire cutting device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the following technical effects:
  • the control component of this application controls the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut to rotate around the preset rotation axis according to the preset path to be cut, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction of the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and Coplanar with standard cutting surfaces. Therefore, according to the curve change of the shape surface, the angle between the material to be cut and the diamond wire is automatically adjusted by indexing, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire walking is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface.
  • Figure 1 is a cutting schematic diagram of a diamond wire cutting device in the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a cutting schematic diagram of a diamond wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a diamond wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal diamond wire cutting machine provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a diamond wire cutting device provided by another embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 6 is another implementation of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar rectangular coordinate system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the core part of a wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 9 8 is a schematic structural diagram from another perspective
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram from another perspective of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar rectangular coordinate system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the core part of a wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 9 8 is a schematic structural diagram from another perspective
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram from another perspective of FIG. 8
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the core part of another wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application; One perspective; Figure 13 is another perspective of Figure 11; Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the core part of another wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of Figure 14 from another perspective; Figure 16 is a diagram 15 is a schematic structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped protective door provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the first power-assisted form of the special-shaped protective door shown in Figure 17; Figure 19 is Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the second power-assisted form of the special-shaped protective door shown in Figure 17; Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the third power-assisted form of the special-shaped protective door shown in Figure 17; Figure 21 is another structural diagram of the special-shaped protective door shown in Figure 17 A schematic structural diagram from one perspective; Figure 22 is a schematic structural diagram of the protective door of the special-shaped
  • Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the processing principle of the wire cutting control method provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wire cutting device
  • Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting assembly and its lifting adjustment mechanism
  • Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of the material loading platform Schematic diagram of the overall structure.
  • the markings in the drawings are as follows: 110 clamping assembly, 2 rotary power drive assembly, 100 material loading platform, 4 second direction drive assembly, 3 first direction drive assembly, 6 cutting wheel, 7 diamond wire, 8 drive device, 300 cutting Components, 10 winding chamber, 11 cutting fluid system; 100 material platform, 200 materials to be processed, 300 cutting components, 400 columns, 500 base, 101 working platform, 102Y-axis platform, 103X-axis platform, 104 tooling, 105C-axis turntable , 106 fixed part, 107 rotating part, 301 mounting frame, 302 sliding plate, 303 first cutting wheel, 304 second cutting wheel, 305 tension wheel, 306 driving wheel, 401 Z axis chute; 8100 power assist device, 8200 traction rope, 8300 Protective door, 8400 lifting guide rail, 8101 fixed pulley, 8102 counterweight, 8103 driving wheel, 8104 motor, 8110 fixed pulley assembly, 8120 counterweight assembly, 8210 wire rope assembly, 8301 transparent observation window, 8302 water retaining strip, 8303 Water
  • the embodiment of the present invention discloses a diamond wire cutting device to solve the problem that when cutting a curve, the wire bow forms a certain angle with the center line of the wheel groove of the cutting guide wheel, causing the direction and size of the wire bow to continuously change during the cutting process, and the actual cutting position deviates from the predetermined position. Let’s consider the walking trajectory problem.
  • Figure 2 is a cutting schematic diagram of a diamond wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application also provides a diamond wire cutting device, including: a cutting assembly 300, used for cutting the to-be- cutting material; the loading component is used to clamp and fix the cutting material; the control component is connected to the cutting component 300 and the loading component respectively, and the control component is used to control cutting according to the preset path to be cut and the preset line bow value
  • the surface and/or the material to be cut rotate around the preset rotation axis, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction of the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface; where, the standard cutting surface It is the plane where the centerline of the cutting wheel groove lies.
  • the cutting assembly 300 includes a cutting panel, a driving device (driving guide wheel) located on the cutting panel, and two oppositely arranged cutting wheels.
  • the cutting lines respectively bypass the two cutting wheels and one driving guide wheel to Form a network of cutting lines.
  • the guide wheel can also be provided as needed, and the cutting assembly 300 can be set according to actual needs, which are all within the protection scope of this application.
  • Diamond wire operation mode can It is a long-line reciprocating type or annular wire unidirectional type. The main function is to complete the cutting of materials through high-speed operation of the diamond wire.
  • This application obtains the tangent angle of the cutting point and the distance between the cutting point and the preset rotation axis by obtaining the preset path to be cut, and calculates the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the cutting point in the preset path to be cut; and based on the preset
  • the rotation angle of the rotation axis controls the rotation of the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction at the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface.
  • the angle between the material to be cut and the diamond wire is automatically adjusted by indexing, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire walking is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface. , thereby maintaining a stable wire bow, achieving controllable size and direction of the wire bow, avoiding the problem of inconsistency between the theoretical cutting pattern and the actual cutting pattern due to changes in the diamond wire bow, and achieving high-precision surface cutting of diamond wire.
  • a planar power drive assembly and a rotary power drive assembly 2 can be provided on the material loading assembly and/or the cutting assembly 300 respectively.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a diamond wire cutting device provided in another embodiment 1-1 of the present application; in this embodiment 1-1, the rotational power drive assembly 2 is disposed on the cutting assembly 300, and the plane The power drive component is arranged on the material loading component; as shown in Figure 5,
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a diamond wire cutting device provided in another embodiment 1-2 of the present application; in this embodiment 1-2, the rotation power drive Component 2 is disposed on the material carrying component, and the planar power drive component is disposed on the cutting component 300; and the planar power drive component includes a first direction drive component 3 and a second direction drive component 4 to move the X-axis and Y-axis, As for the arrangement of the first direction driving assembly 3 and the second direction driving assembly 4, they can also be all arranged on the cutting
  • the first direction drive assembly 3 is composed of a drive servo motor, a ball screw, and a linear guide rail. Its main function is to drive the loading platform 100 to perform precise reciprocating linear motion along the X-axis. Linked with the Y-axis, the loading platform 100 can make precise and controllable curved movements.
  • the second direction drive assembly 4 is composed of a drive servo motor, a ball screw, and a linear guide rail. Its main function is to drive the material loading platform 100 to perform precise reciprocating linear motion along the Y-axis. Linked with the X-axis, the loading platform 100 can make precise and controllable curved movements.
  • the rotary power drive assembly 2 is composed of a drive servo motor, a coupling, and a rotary bearing box. Its main function is to drive the clamping device to rotate at the corresponding angle according to the angle of the cutting curve.
  • a rotation axis is added.
  • the cutting tool or the material to be cut will automatically shift and adjust the walking angle, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire travel is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, thereby maintaining a fixed Cutting the wire bow, the direction and size of the wire bow can be controlled.
  • the rotary power drive assembly 2 is provided on the cutting assembly 300, and the first direction drive assembly 3 and the second direction drive assembly 4 are provided on the material loading assembly as an example:
  • a rotary power drive assembly 2 is also included.
  • the rotary power drive assembly 2 includes a rotary power part and a rotary driving part. Among them, the rotary power part is connected to the control assembly, one end of the rotary drive part is connected to the rotary power part, and the other end is connected to the cutting assembly 300.
  • the rotary power drive assembly 2 is composed of a rotary motor, a base, and a gear assembly. . Its main function is to drive the cutting assembly to rotate at the corresponding angle according to the angle of the cutting curve.
  • the rotating power part is configured as a servo motor, which has an encoder to measure the rotation angle.
  • the rotating power component is a servo motor; the rotating driving component is a gear shaft driving mechanism.
  • the output end of the servo motor is connected to one end of the gear shaft driving mechanism, and the other end of the gear shaft driving mechanism is fixedly connected to the cutting assembly 300 . This improves control accuracy and reduces travel errors.
  • the loading component is connected to the control component to control the loading component to travel along the preset path to be cut.
  • the driving mode can be set to a gear transmission mechanism, a slide rail slider mechanism, etc., and can be set as needed to achieve the desired position of the loading component. Travel on the surface, that is, feed on the X-axis and Y-axis.
  • the material loading component includes a material loading platform 100 and a clamping component.
  • the clamping component is used to clamp the material to be cut; the clamping component is located on the material loading platform 100; the control component is connected to the material loading platform 100 to control The loading platform 100 travels along a preset path to be cut.
  • the loading assembly is composed of a loading platform 100 and a clamping assembly.
  • the clamping assembly consists of a clamping frame body and a clamping cylinder, which is arranged above the material loading table. The clamping cylinder clamps the material to be cut, and drives the material into the cutting area under the three-axis drive to complete the material cutting.
  • the first direction driving component 3 is located at the bottom of the material loading platform 100, where the first direction is set parallel to the plane of the cutting line of the cutting component 300; the first direction driving component 3 is connected to the control component to drive the material loading platform. 100 moves in the first direction, which is the X-axis direction.
  • the second direction driving component 4 is located at the bottom of the material loading platform 100, where the second direction is perpendicular to the plane of the cutting line of the cutting component 300; the second direction driving component 4 is connected to the control component to drive the material loading platform 100 along the first Move in two directions, namely the Y-axis direction.
  • the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 can be configured as one or more of a gear transmission mechanism, a slide block slide rail mechanism or a screw nut mechanism, such as using a screw nut mechanism and a slide block slide rail mechanism. Used in combination, or combined with gear transmission and slider slide mechanism.
  • the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 are preferably of the same arrangement. In other embodiments, the specific structures of the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 can be set as needed, which are all within the protection scope of this application.
  • the second direction driving component 4 is fixed on the bottom of the loading platform 100
  • the first direction driving component 3 is fixed on the bottom of the second direction driving component 4 .
  • the rotational power drive assembly 2 is provided on the material loading assembly, and the first direction drive assembly 3 and the second direction drive assembly 4 are provided on the cutting assembly 300 for illustration: wherein, the rotational power drive assembly 2 includes : The rotating power part is connected to the control component; the rotating driving part is connected to the rotating power part at one end, and the other end is connected to the material loading component; the control component controls the action of the rotating power part to drive the rotating driving part to drive the loading component to rotate.
  • the structure of the rotary power drive assembly 2 can be set with reference to Embodiment 1-1, and will not be described again here.
  • the cutting assembly 300 is connected to the control assembly for controlling the cutting assembly 300 to travel along the preset material feeding path. It can be understood that the preset material feeding path here and below is determined by determining the plane travel information of the cutting point in the preset path to be cut according to the preset path to be cut and the preset line bow value. According to the plane Travel information controls cutting assembly 300 travel.
  • the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 are arranged between the cutting component 300 and the control component.
  • the cutting component 300 includes a cutting knife and a cutting panel.
  • the cutting knife is arranged on the cutting panel.
  • the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 are arranged between the cutting component 300 and the control component.
  • the direction driving component 4 is provided at the bottom of the cutting panel.
  • the application also includes an angle detection component, which is respectively connected to the control component and the rotation axis drive component to detect the rotation angle of the loading component. Spend. It can be compared with the rotation angle of the rotating power part and fed back to the control component for judgment and adjustment.
  • this application also includes a wire bow detection component located on the cutting component 300.
  • the wire bow detection component is connected to the control component to detect the wire bow value of the cutting component 300 in real time and feed it back to the control component.
  • the control component determines the wire bow value according to the detected wire bow value.
  • the bow value controls the traveling speed during the cutting process, and then the line bow value is adjusted in real time to be equal to the preset line bow value.
  • the wire bow detection component can be disposed on the material carrying component, and the type of sensor can be set as needed, preferably a non-contact sensor to reduce interference to the cutting line.
  • control component includes: a preset path to be cut acquisition unit, used to obtain the preset path to be cut, the preset path to be cut includes a curved path; a rotation angle calculation unit of the preset rotation axis, used to calculate the preset path according to the preset path to be cut.
  • the path to be cut is obtained by obtaining the tangent angle of each cutting point, the distance between the cutting point and the preset rotation axis, and the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the cutting point in the preset path to be cut is calculated; the cutting point rotation angle control unit, Used to control the rotation of the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut around the preset rotation axis according to the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction of the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and Coplanar with the standard cutting surface; where the standard cutting surface is the plane where the center line of the cutting wheel groove is located.
  • control component also includes: a preset line bow value acquisition unit, used to obtain the preset line bow value; a plane travel information determination unit, used to determine the cutting point according to the preset path to be cut and the preset line bow value.
  • the plane travel information in the path to be cut is preset; the plane travel control unit is used to control the cutting surface and/or the travel of the material to be cut based on the plane travel information.
  • control component also includes: a real-time line bow acquisition unit, used to obtain the real-time line bow value of the current cutting point; an actual plane travel information determination unit, used to calibrate the current cutting point according to the real-time line bow value of the current cutting point.
  • the plane travel information is used to obtain the actual plane travel information of the current cutting point and trigger the plane travel control unit action; the plane travel control unit is used to control the cutting point travel based on the actual plane travel information.
  • the material is fed in two-axis linkage, or the cutting tool is fed in two-axis linkage. The rotating axis is established on the stage holding the material to be cut.
  • a plane rectangular coordinate system is established with the preset rotation axis as the origin of the coordinate system.
  • the plane rectangular coordinate system includes the X-axis and the Y-axis.
  • the loading platform drives the material to be cut to rotate at a certain angle according to the walking curve, so that the cutting direction of each point is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape at that position, thereby ensuring that the bending direction and size of the wire bow remain unchanged.
  • the above device realizes three-axis movement. Compared with the original technology, the rotation axis movement is added.
  • the direction and angle of the diamond wire feed can be adjusted through the three-axis linkage, so that the direction and size of the force on the cutting wire remain unchanged; it can achieve Effective control of the wire bow direction and size of diamond wire cutting, while linear single-axis cutting and traditional two-axis cross loading platform 100 processing technology cannot effectively control the wire bow direction and size; through three-axis linkage, the walking of the cutting wire can be effectively controlled position, improve feeding accuracy, and achieve precise surface processing of materials.
  • the force direction and magnitude of the diamond wire can be effectively controlled, which can reduce or even eliminate the frequency of problems such as diamond wire breakage, diamond wire detachment, excessive wear of the cutting guide wheel and accidental cutting, which are common in traditional cutting technology, and improve all aspects of the process. Extend the service life of parts and reduce usage costs.
  • This application realizes effective control of the direction and size of the diamond wire cutting wire bow, and can perform more accurate surface cutting. Combined with the high-efficiency technical characteristics of diamond wire cutting, it can achieve efficient and accurate CNC surface cutting.
  • the problems of ineffective cutting such as disordered movement and vibration of the diamond wire during the cutting process will be effectively controlled, which not only improves the cross-section quality, but also effectively reduces the problems caused by ineffective cutting of the diamond wire. It wears itself out, improves cutting efficiency and service life, and further reduces usage costs.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a diamond wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a diamond wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the diamond wire cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Structural diagram of horizontal diamond wire cutting machine.
  • This application also provides a diamond wire cutting device, which in a specific implementation includes a cutting component 300, a material loading component and a control component.
  • the cutting assembly 300 includes a cutting panel, a guide wheel located on the cutting panel, a driving device 8 (driving guide wheel), and two oppositely arranged cutting wheels 6.
  • the cutting lines bypass the two cutting wheels respectively. 6.
  • the setting of the guide wheel can also be dispensed with, and the cutting assembly 300 can be set according to actual needs, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
  • the operation mode of the diamond wire 7 can be a long-line reciprocating type or an annular wire unidirectional type. Its main function is to complete the cutting of materials through the high-speed operation of the diamond wire 7.
  • This application obtains the tangent angle of the cutting point and the distance between the cutting point and the preset rotation axis by obtaining the preset path to be cut, and calculates the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the cutting point in the preset path to be cut; and based on the preset Suppose the rotation angle of the rotation axis controls the rotation of the material to be cut, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction of the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface.
  • the angle between the material to be cut and the diamond wire is automatically adjusted by indexing, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire walking is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface. , thereby maintaining a stable wire bow, achieving controllable size and direction of the wire bow, avoiding the problem of inconsistency between the theoretical cutting pattern and the actual cutting pattern due to changes in the diamond wire bow, and achieving high-precision surface cutting of diamond wire.
  • a rotary power drive assembly 2 is also included, and the rotary power drive assembly 2 includes a rotary power part and a rotary driving part.
  • the rotary power part is connected to the control component, one end of the rotary drive part is connected to the rotary power part, and the other end is connected to the material loading component.
  • the rotary drive part drives the material to be cut to rotate, so that the cutting point The actual cutting direction is consistent with the tangent direction at the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface.
  • the loading assembly includes a loading platform 100 and a clamping assembly 110 .
  • the material loading platform 100 is used to carry the clamping component 110
  • the clamping component 110 is used to clamp the material to be cut.
  • the specific structure of the clamping component 110 can be set according to the material to be cut, such as a clamping claw or a loading platform.
  • the holding parts are all within the protection scope of this application.
  • One end of the rotary power drive assembly 2 is connected to the material loading platform 100, and is preferably arranged at the structural center of the material loading platform 100 to facilitate production and processing, as well as CNC data setting.
  • the other end of the rotational power drive assembly 2 is connected to the clamping assembly 110 to drive the clamping assembly 110 to rotate around the rotation axis on the loading platform 100.
  • the rotational power drive assembly 2 is preferably disposed at the structural center of the clamping assembly 110. at.
  • the rotating power part is fixed on the material loading platform 100; one end of the rotating driving part is connected to the rotating power part, and the other end is connected to the clamping assembly 110; the rotating driving part drives the clamping assembly 110 to rotate under the driving of the rotating power part.
  • the rotating power part is a servo motor;
  • the rotating driving part is a gear shaft driving mechanism, which is located on the material loading platform 100 and has one end protruding from the wall thickness of the material loading platform 100 and extending upward.
  • the output end of the servo motor is connected to the gear shaft driving mechanism.
  • One end of the gear shaft driving mechanism is connected to the clamping assembly 110 and the other end is fixedly connected.
  • the gear shaft driving mechanism is driven to rotate, and at the same time, the clamping assembly 110 located on the material loading platform 100 is driven to rotate.
  • the specific structure of the rotary driving member can also be provided as needed, which is within the protection scope of this application.
  • the material feeding can be realized through the feeding of the material loading platform 100 or the feeding of the cutting assembly 300 .
  • the material loading platform 100 is connected to a control component to control the material loading platform 100 to travel along a preset material feeding path.
  • the wire cutting device includes a first direction driving component 3 and a second direction driving component 4 .
  • the first direction driving component 3 is located at the bottom of the material loading platform 100, and the first direction is parallel to the plane of the cutting line of the cutting component 300; the first direction driving component 3 is connected to the control component to drive the material loading platform 100 along the first direction. move.
  • the second direction driving component 4 is located at the bottom of the material loading platform 100, and the second direction is perpendicular to the plane of the cutting line of the cutting component 300; the second direction driving component 4 is connected to the control component to drive the material loading platform 100 along the second direction. move.
  • the second direction driving component 4 is fixed on the bottom of the loading platform 100
  • the first direction driving component 3 is fixed on the bottom of the second direction driving component 4 .
  • the positions of the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 can be exchanged and set as needed.
  • the X-axis is the first direction and the Y-axis is the second direction.
  • the X-axis drive can make the loading platform 100 reciprocate along the X-axis;
  • the Y-axis driving can make the loading platform 100 reciprocate along the Y-axis;
  • the rotation axis The drive can cause the loading platform 100 to rotate forward and backward at a certain angle around the rotation axis.
  • the curved motion feeding of the loading platform 100 is realized through the motion of the three axes. Two-axis linkage feeding of materials is adopted, and the rotating axis is established on the material loading platform 100. Before cutting, set the wire bow size according to different material attribute parameters.
  • the material loading platform 100 drives the material to be cut to rotate at a certain angle according to the walking curve, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the preset path to be cut.
  • the tangent direction at the middle cutting point is consistent, thereby ensuring that the bending direction and size of the wire bow remain unchanged, achieving effective control of the direction and size of the wire bow, and achieving the purpose of using diamond wire 7 for precise cutting of shapes and surfaces.
  • the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 can be configured as one or more of a gear transmission mechanism, a slide block slide rail mechanism or a screw nut mechanism, such as using a screw nut mechanism and a slide block slide rail mechanism. Used in combination, or combined with gear transmission and slider slide mechanism.
  • the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 are preferably of the same arrangement.
  • the specific structures of the first direction driving component 3 and the second direction driving component 4 can be set as needed, which are all within the protection scope of this application.
  • the cutting assembly 300 is connected to the control assembly to control the cutting assembly 300 to travel along a preset material feeding path.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can be driven by a power part to realize the travel.
  • the specific setting of the power part is: The setting can be made with reference to the development level of the existing technology, and will not be described again here.
  • the device In order to detect the rotation angle of the loading platform 100 for feedback adjustment, the device also includes an angle detection component, which is connected to the control component and the rotation power drive component 2 respectively.
  • the angle detection component can be set as an encoder to detect the rotation power.
  • the rotation angle of the drive component 2 is detected and the real-time detected rotation angle is sent to the control component.
  • the control component compares the actual angle with the theoretical angle and makes adjustments based on the judgment results to further improve the control accuracy and theoretical cutting. The consistency between the graphics and the actual cutting graphics.
  • this application also includes a wire bow detection component located on the cutting component.
  • the wire bow detection component is connected to the control component to detect the wire bow value of the cutting component in real time and feed it back to the control component.
  • the control component determines the wire bow value according to the detected wire bow value.
  • the bow value controls the traveling speed during the cutting process, and then the line bow value is adjusted in real time to be equal to the preset line bow value.
  • the wire bow detection component can be disposed on the material carrying component, and the type of sensor can be set as needed, preferably a non-contact sensor to reduce interference to the cutting line.
  • the diamond wire cutting device is a horizontal diamond wire cutting machine.
  • the diamond wire cutting device includes: a winding room 10: the driving device 8 drives the diamond wire 7 to run at high speed, and the tension control device ensures that the diamond wire 7 maintains a stable tension.
  • the diamond wire 7 is wound out of the winding chamber 10 through the guide wheel, and the two cutting wheels 6 form a cutting tool.
  • Cutting wheel 6 supports the diamond wire 7 to complete the cutting action.
  • the loading platform 100 is composed of a first direction driving component 3 , a second direction driving component 4 , a rotational power driving component 2 and a clamping component 110 .
  • the curved motion feeding of the loading platform 100 is realized through the motion of the three axes.
  • Clamping assembly 110 arranged above the rotary power drive assembly 2, clamps the material to be cut through the clamping tool, and drives the material into the cutting area under the three-axis drive to complete the material cutting.
  • Cutting fluid system 11 consists of a delivery pipeline, a fluid return tank, and a fluid supply pump. Provided for cutting area Coolant protects the diamond wire 7 from burning due to overheating.
  • the specific working process is: a. The material is fixed on the clamping device of the material loading platform 100. b. Enter the cutting program. c. The material loading platform 100 is started, and the tool alignment between the diamond wire 7 and the material is completed. d. Diamond line 7 returns to zero. e. The equipment starts, the diamond wire 7 runs, and the loading platform 100 starts feeding. f. The three-axis linkage performs curve feed, and the diamond wire 7 performs surface cutting. g. After completing the cutting, the diamond wire 7 enters the empty knife area and stops running. h. Remove the cut material. i. Diamond wire 7 retracts the knife and returns to the zero point, and the cutting is completed.
  • the above-mentioned device can effectively control the direction and size of the wire bow through the three-axis linkage of the indexable tangent point adaptive diamond wire cutting machine. It not only ensures the cutting accuracy, but also gives full play to the advantages of efficient cutting of diamond wire 7, achieving high-precision and efficient cutting; and it can perform both conventional single-axis cutting and profile cutting. It has wide adaptability, realizes multiple functions in one machine, improves equipment usage efficiency and reduces factory equipment usage costs.
  • This application can effectively control the direction and size of the force on the diamond wire 7, enable more accurate surface cutting, and can reduce or even eliminate the breakage of the diamond wire 7, the detachment of the diamond wire 7, and the wear of the cutting guide wheel that are common in conventional cutting technology.
  • the input cutting program of step b in the above specific working process may include the following steps: obtaining the preset path to be cut and the preset line bow value.
  • the preset path to be cut can be obtained by inputting the cutting trajectory image in the image interface of the control system. , or directly input coordinates, etc. in the control system.
  • the preset line bow value can be set according to the preset path to be cut.
  • different preset paths to be cut can all be set with a unified preset line bow value, or different preset line bow values. It is assumed that the paths to be cut are respectively set to different preset line bow values. It can be set according to actual needs and is within the protection scope of this application.
  • the preset paths to be cut include curved paths, which can be entirely composed of curved paths, or composed of curved paths and straight paths, which can be set as needed.
  • the tangent angle of the cutting point and the distance between the cutting point and the preset rotation axis are respectively obtained, and the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the cutting point in the preset path to be cut is calculated; where, the preset rotation The axis can be arranged on the cutting assembly or the material carrying assembly, and the preset rotation axis is determined according to the setting position of the rotation drive device.
  • the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis is calculated to control the rotation of the preset rotation axis according to the different traveling positions during the traveling process, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with It is preset that the tangent directions at the cutting points in the path to be cut are consistent.
  • How to calculate the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the point in the curve based on the tangent angle of a certain point on the curve and the distance between the point and the preset rotation axis is a mature prior art in this field.
  • the material to be cut to rotate around the preset rotation axis according to the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction of the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface;
  • the standard cutting surface is the plane where the center line of the cutting wheel groove is located.
  • the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is the opposite direction of the wire bow direction, and the actual cutting direction is also the feed direction.
  • the center line of the cutting wheel groove is the circumferential line of the most concave part of the cutting wheel groove (that is, the position where the cutting line winds around the cutting wheel under normal conditions), and the plane where the center line is located is the plane where the circumferential line is located.
  • the preset rotation axis can be arranged on the side of the material loading platform, and the rotation of the material to be cut is controlled according to the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis.
  • This application obtains the tangent angle of the cutting point and the distance between the cutting point and the preset rotation axis by obtaining the preset path to be cut, and calculates the tangent angle of the cutting point.
  • the cutting point corresponds to the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis in the preset path to be cut; and controls the rotation of the material to be cut according to the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the preset cutting point in the path to be cut.
  • the tangent direction at is consistent and coplanar with the standard cutting surface.
  • the angle between the material to be cut and the diamond wire is automatically adjusted by indexing, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire walking is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface. , thereby maintaining a stable wire bow, achieving controllable size and direction of the wire bow, avoiding the problem of inconsistency between the theoretical cutting pattern and the actual cutting pattern due to changes in the diamond wire bow, and achieving high-precision surface cutting of diamond wire.
  • the physical structure of the diamond wire cutting device according to the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below, with the aim of explaining that the diamond wire cutting device can realize the rotation of the aforementioned cutting surface and/or the material to be cut around a preset rotation axis.
  • the structure and arrangement of specific components will be described in detail below, with the aim of explaining that the diamond wire cutting device can realize the rotation of the aforementioned cutting surface and/or the material to be cut around a preset rotation axis.
  • Figure 8, Figure 9 and Figure 10 show a schematic structural diagram of the diamond wire cutting device and its material loading platform.
  • the wire cutting device in the embodiment of the present application may include a material loading platform 100, a cutting assembly 300, a column 400, and a base 500.
  • the upright column 400 is disposed at a first position on the base 500
  • the cutting assembly 300 is disposed at the upright column 400
  • the loading platform 100 is disposed at a second position on the base 500 .
  • the material loading platform 100 may include a working platform 101, a Y-axis platform 102, an X-axis platform 103, a C-axis turntable 105, and a B-axis turntable.
  • the bottom of the X-axis platform 103 is disposed at the second position of the base 500, and the whole extends along the X-axis direction;
  • the Y-axis platform 102 is disposed on the X-axis platform 103 movably along the X-axis direction, and the entire Y-axis turntable Extending along the Y-axis direction;
  • the working platform 101 is disposed on the Y-axis platform 102 movably along the Y-axis direction.
  • the B-axis turntable includes a fixed part 106 and a rotating part 107.
  • the rotating part 107 is disposed on the fixed part to be able to rotate around the B-axis direction.
  • 106, the fixed part 106 is disposed on the working platform 101 and then on the Y-axis platform 102, where the B-axis direction is parallel to the Y-axis direction;
  • the C-axis turntable 105 is disposed on the rotating part 107 so as to be rotatable around the C-axis direction.
  • the C-axis turntable 105 is used to carry and clamp the material 200 to be processed, and the C-axis direction is perpendicular to the B-axis direction.
  • a tooling 104 can be provided on the C-axis turntable 105 to facilitate the loading and clamping of the material 200 to be processed.
  • the position of the working platform 101 on the Y-axis platform 102 and the X-axis platform 103 can be adjusted, and the rotational status of the B-axis turntable and the C-axis turntable 105 can be adjusted, thereby making the material to be processed on the C-axis turntable 105 200 approaches the diamond wire cutting part of the cutting assembly 300 with a predetermined feed route and angle, thereby realizing the processing of the heterogeneous curved surface of the material 200 to be processed.
  • the workpiece (corresponding to the material 200 to be cut) can move relative to the diamond wire of the cutter head under the linkage drive of the X-axis and Y-axis.
  • the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, B-axis, and C-axis can be linked simultaneously. , respectively realize multi-axis linkage to achieve the movement of planning the cutting path.
  • the processing of special-shaped curved surfaces can be realized through the path planning of the effective cutting section of the diamond wire.
  • the diamond wire moves on the plane of the cutting assembly wheel train to obtain Relative to the movement of the workpiece (corresponding to the material to be cut 200 ), when the workpiece moves relative to the effective cutting section of the diamond wire, the diamond wire removes material from the workpiece to achieve cutting of the special-shaped surface with a planned path.
  • the special-shaped curved surface is processed by CNC machine tools.
  • the workpiece needs to be removed layer by layer, which results in low processing efficiency and relatively low processing efficiency.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application uses a cutting component with a diamond wire as a cutting tool, which can perform interpolation motion through two-axis linkage, and use the diamond wire to cut the curved workpiece to remove excess material without removing it layer by layer.
  • a specific tool path is used to obtain the desired processing surface.
  • the diamond wire can be walked several times to perform contour processing and repair the curved surface.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application is more flexible in motion, and is especially suitable for processing two-dimensional curved surfaces such as rotary bodies.
  • X/ Y linkage can process semicircular profiles on both sides of the tool head.
  • the cylindrical profile cannot be closed.
  • the C axis is added, when the X and Y axes are linked to the set After positioning and cutting into the workpiece, the cylindrical surface can be processed directly through the C-axis rotation movement. The processing profile is closed and improved processing accuracy can be obtained.
  • the C-axis rotation is realized by moving on the B-axis rotation axis.
  • the B-axis can swing in both positive and negative directions in the range of 0-90°, and the C-axis can rotate around its own axis in the range of 0-360°, and can achieve both positive and negative directions.
  • a tooling 104 can be set above the rotary table, the workpiece is placed above the tooling, and the workpiece and the workpiece are installed on the C-axis of the rotary table, and the workpiece It is coaxially arranged with the C-axis of the tooling and workbench, which ensures that the workpiece rotates coaxially when the C-axis rotates, thereby achieving linkage between the rotary axis and the linear axis.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application effectively expands the applicable scenarios of diamond wire cutting.
  • a first slide can be set at the top of the X-axis platform 103, and correspondingly a first slide block can be set at the bottom of the Y-axis platform 102.
  • the first slider part is in sliding fit with the first slideway; in addition, a second slideway can be set at the top of the Y-axis platform 102, and a second slider part can be set at the bottom of the working platform 101. The second slider part Slide with the second slide.
  • the loading platform may also include an X-axis drive mechanism arranged between the X-axis platform 103 and the Y-axis platform 102,
  • the C-axis rotary mechanism and the axial drive mechanism can be realized by nut screws, and the B-axis rotary mechanism and C-axis rotary mechanism can be realized by motor drive.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can have a Z-axis movement function.
  • a Z-axis chute 401 can be provided on the column 400, and the cutting assembly 300 ( The frame 301) is slidably matched with the Z-axis chute 401 through the sliding plate 302 (in other embodiments, the matching form of the slider and the guide rail can also be used), and a lifting adjustment mechanism is also provided between the column 400 and the sliding plate 302 (not shown in the figure) (out) to realize the Z-axis axial lifting and lowering of the cutting assembly 300 on the column 400.
  • the lifting adjustment mechanism may also adopt a nut screw.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can be adjusted along the Z direction through Z-axis motion without the need for multiple tooling.
  • the processing height can be flexibly adjusted to maximize the matching of the processing position and reduce the impact of the wire bow on the processing accuracy. to the lowest.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can adopt different cutter head solutions.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can include a mounting frame 301, and the mounting frame 301 is provided with a cutting blade for winding the cutting line.
  • the cutting wheel mechanism includes a first cutting wheel 303, a second cutting wheel 304, a tension wheel 305, and a driving wheel 306.
  • the first cutting wheel 303, the second cutting wheel 304, the tension wheel 305, and the driving wheel 306 are arranged on the mounting frame 301 at intervals in sequence, and the diamond wire (not shown) sequentially passes around the rim of each wheel to form annular wires respectively.
  • the installation frame 301 is arranged on the column 400 through the sliding plate 302.
  • the driving wheel 306 is used to provide power to the cutting wire network and drive the movement of the diamond wire to provide cutting force for cutting.
  • the first cutting wheel 303 and the second cutting wheel 304 are respectively used to support the diamond wire along the feeding direction.
  • the segment of the diamond wire between the two cutting wheels is the effective cutting line length, and the tension wheel 305 is used to tighten the wire network and maintain stable cutting tension.
  • machining can be performed simultaneously with coordinated movements under the control of a computer numerical control (CNC) system.
  • CNC computer numerical control
  • the multi-axis linkage display of the tool axis vector of the entire cutting trajectory process can be changed as needed, and is controlled by the X, Y, and Z trajectory control axes.
  • the B-axis and C-axis are realized, and then the material is removed layer by layer, and finally spatial surface processing is realized.
  • the wire cutting device may include a loading platform 100, a cutting assembly 300, a column 400, and a base 500.
  • the upright column 400 is disposed at the first position of the base 500
  • the cutting assembly 300 is disposed on the upright column 400
  • the loading platform 100 is disposed at the second position of the base 500 .
  • the loading platform 100 may include a working platform 101, a Y-axis platform 102 that extends entirely along the Y-axis direction, and an X-axis platform 103 that extends entirely along the X-axis direction, wherein the bottom of the X-axis platform 103 is disposed at the second position of the base 500 , the Y-axis platform 102 is disposed on the X-axis platform 103 movably along the X-axis direction, and the working platform 101 is disposed on the Y-axis platform 102 movably along the Y-axis direction.
  • the working platform 101 is used to carry and clamp the materials to be processed. 200.
  • the X-axis direction is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.
  • a tooling 104 can be provided on the working platform 101 to facilitate the loading and clamping of the material 200 to be processed.
  • the positions of the working platform 101 on the Y-axis platform 102 and the X-axis platform 103 can be adjusted so that the material 200 to be processed on the working platform 101 approaches the cutting edge of the cutting assembly 300 at a predetermined feed route and angle.
  • the wire cutting part is used to process the heterogeneous curved surface of the material 200 to be processed.
  • the workpiece (corresponding to the material 200 to be cut) can move relative to the diamond wire of the cutter head under the linkage drive of the X-axis and Y-axis, thereby realizing the movement of the planned cutting path.
  • the processing of special-shaped curved surfaces can be effectively performed by using the diamond wire.
  • the path planning of the cutting section is realized.
  • the diamond wire moves on the wheel train plane of the cutting assembly to obtain the line movement relative to the workpiece (corresponding to the material to be cut 200).
  • the diamond wire removes the workpiece material to achieve cutting of special-shaped surfaces in a planned path.
  • the special-shaped curved surface is processed by CNC machine tools.
  • the workpiece needs to be removed layer by layer, which results in low processing efficiency and relatively low processing efficiency.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application uses a cutting component with a diamond wire as a cutting tool, which can perform interpolation motion through two-axis linkage, and use the diamond wire to cut the curved workpiece to remove excess material without removing it layer by layer.
  • a specific tool path is used to obtain the desired processing surface.
  • the diamond wire can be walked several times to perform contour processing and repair the curved surface. For simple curved surfaces, it can be cut and formed in one go. The processing efficiency and processing quality are significantly improved.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application effectively expands the applicable scenarios of diamond wire cutting.
  • a first slide can be set at the top of the X-axis platform 103, and correspondingly a first slide block can be set at the bottom of the Y-axis platform 102.
  • the first slider part is in sliding fit with the first slideway; in addition, a second slideway can be set at the top of the Y-axis platform 102, and a second slider part can be set at the bottom of the working platform 101. The second slider part Slide with the second slide.
  • the loading platform may also include an X-axis drive mechanism provided between the X-axis platform 103 and the Y-axis platform 102 and an X-axis drive mechanism provided between the Y-axis platform 103 and the working platform 101
  • the Y-axis drive mechanism between them can be realized by using a nut screw.
  • a corresponding lifting mechanism can be provided on the loading platform to drive the working platform so that the working platform can be raised and lowered along the C-axis direction.
  • the C-axis direction is perpendicular to the aforementioned X-axis direction and Y-axis direction, that is, with the lower The Z axis in the article is parallel.
  • the lifting mechanism can be in the form of a telescopic mechanism such as an oil cylinder, or a sliding fit of a slide block.
  • the lifting mechanism can independently drive the working platform to lift, or can drive the X-axis platform and Y-axis platform as a whole. and working platform to realize the lifting and lowering of the working platform.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can have a Z-axis movement function. Specifically, a Z-axis chute 401 can be provided on the column 400, and the cutting assembly 300 ( The frame 301) is slidably matched with the Z-axis chute 401 through the sliding plate 302.
  • a lifting adjustment mechanism (not shown in the figure) is also provided between the upright column 400 and the sliding plate 302 to realize the Z-axis movement of the cutting assembly 300 on the upright column 400. To lift, the lifting adjustment mechanism can also use a nut screw.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can be adjusted along the Z direction through Z-axis motion without the need for multiple tooling.
  • the processing height can be flexibly adjusted to maximize the matching of the processing position and reduce the impact of the wire bow on the processing accuracy. to the lowest.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can adopt different cutter head solutions.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can include a mounting frame 301, and the mounting frame 301 is provided with a cutting blade for winding the cutting line.
  • the cutting wheel mechanism includes a first cutting wheel 303, a second cutting wheel 304, a tension wheel 305, and a driving wheel 306.
  • the first cutting wheel 303, the second cutting wheel 304, the tension wheel 305, and the driving wheel 306 are arranged on the mounting frame 301 at intervals in sequence, and the diamond wire (not shown) sequentially passes around the rim of each wheel to form annular wires respectively.
  • the installation frame 301 is arranged on the column 400 through the sliding plate 302.
  • the driving wheel 306 is used to provide power to the cutting wire network and drive the movement of the diamond wire to provide cutting force for cutting.
  • the first cutting wheel 303 and the second cutting wheel 304 are respectively used to support the diamond wire along the feeding direction.
  • the segment of the diamond wire between the two cutting wheels is the effective cutting line length
  • the tension wheel 305 is used to tighten the wire network and maintain stable cutting tension.
  • each wheel groove can include multiple diamond wires, so that only a single diamond wire can be used for single-line cutting, or multiple diamond wires can be used to achieve multi-line cutting.
  • the wire cutting device may include a loading platform 100, a cutting assembly 300, a column 400, and a base 500.
  • the upright column 400 is disposed at a first position on the base 500
  • the cutting assembly 300 is disposed at the upright column 400
  • the loading platform 100 is disposed at a second position on the base 500 .
  • the loading platform 100 may include a working platform 101, a Y-axis platform 102 extending entirely along the Y-axis direction, an X-axis platform 103 extending entirely along the X-axis direction, and a C-axis turntable 105.
  • the bottom of the X-axis platform 103 is disposed at the second position of the base 500
  • the Y-axis platform 102 is disposed on the X-axis platform 103 movably along the X-axis direction
  • the working platform 101 is disposed on the Y-axis movably along the Y-axis direction.
  • the X-axis direction is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction; the C-axis turntable 105 is set on the working platform 101, and then is set on the Y-axis platform 102.
  • the C-axis turntable 105 is used to carry and clamp the material 200 to be processed.
  • the C-axis The turntable 105 can rotate around the C-axis direction, and the C-axis direction is perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
  • a tooling 104 can be provided on the working platform 101 to facilitate the loading and clamping of the material 200 to be processed.
  • the positions of the working platform 101 on the Y-axis platform 101 and the X-axis platform 103 can be adjusted, and the rotational state of the C-axis turntable 105 can be adjusted, so that the material to be processed 200 on the C-axis turntable 105 can be rotated in a predetermined manner.
  • the feed route and angle are close to the diamond wire cutting part of the cutting assembly 300, thereby realizing the processing of the heterogeneous curved surface of the material 200 to be processed.
  • the workpiece (corresponding to the material to be cut 200) can move relative to the diamond wire of the cutter head under the linkage drive of the X-axis and Y-axis, XYC linkage or XYZC (see below for the scheme) linkage, thereby realizing the planning of the cutting path. Movement, processing of special-shaped curved surfaces can be achieved through path planning of the effective cutting section of the diamond wire.
  • the diamond wire moves on the plane of the gear train of the cutting assembly to obtain the path relative to the workpiece (corresponding to the material 200 to be cut). Linear motion, when the workpiece moves relative to the effective cutting section of the diamond wire, the diamond wire removes the workpiece material to achieve cutting of the special-shaped surface through the planned path.
  • the special-shaped curved surface is processed by CNC machine tools.
  • the workpiece needs to be removed layer by layer, which results in low processing efficiency and relatively low processing efficiency.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application uses a cutting component with a diamond wire as a cutting tool, which can perform interpolation motion through two-axis linkage, and use the diamond wire to cut the curved workpiece to remove excess material without removing it layer by layer.
  • a specific tool path is used to obtain the desired processing surface.
  • the diamond wire can be walked several times to perform contour processing and repair the curved surface.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application is more flexible in movement, and is especially suitable for processing two-dimensional curved surfaces such as rotary bodies.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application is more flexible in movement, and is especially suitable for processing two-dimensional curved surfaces such as rotary bodies.
  • /Y linkage can process semi-circular profiles on both sides of the tool head.
  • the cylindrical profile cannot be closed.
  • the C axis is added, when the X axis and Y axis are linked to the set After positioning and cutting into the workpiece, the cylindrical surface can be processed directly through the C-axis rotation movement.
  • the processing profile is closed and improved processing accuracy can be obtained.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application effectively expands the applicable scenarios of diamond wire cutting.
  • a first slide can be set at the top of the X-axis platform 103, and correspondingly a first slide block can be set at the bottom of the Y-axis platform 102.
  • the first slider part is in sliding fit with the first slideway; in addition, a second slideway can be set at the top of the Y-axis platform 102, and a second slider part can be set at the bottom of the working platform 101. The second slider part Slide with the second slide.
  • the loading platform may also include an X-axis drive mechanism arranged between the X-axis platform 103 and the Y-axis platform 102, The Y-axis drive mechanism between the axis platform 103 and the work platform 101 and the C-axis rotation mechanism provided between the work platform 101 and the C-axis turntable 105.
  • the axial drive mechanism can be implemented by a nut screw, C
  • the shaft rotation mechanism can be realized by motor drive.
  • a corresponding lifting mechanism can be provided on the loading platform, so that the C-axis turntable can be raised and lowered along the C-axis direction, that is, moved up and down.
  • the lifting mechanism can be in the form of a telescopic mechanism such as an oil cylinder, or a sliding fit of a slide block.
  • the lifting mechanism can independently drive the C-axis turntable to lift, or can also drive the X-axis platform and Y-axis as a whole. Platform and C-axis turntable to realize C-axis turntable lifting.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can have a Z-axis movement function. Specifically, a Z-axis chute 401 can be provided on the column 400, and the cutting assembly 300 ( The frame 301) is slidably matched with the Z-axis chute 401 through the sliding plate 302.
  • a lifting adjustment mechanism (not shown in the figure) is also provided between the upright column 400 and the sliding plate 302 to realize the Z-axis movement of the cutting assembly 300 on the upright column 400. To lift, the lifting adjustment mechanism can also use a nut screw.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can be adjusted along the Z direction through Z-axis motion without the need for multiple tooling.
  • the processing height can be flexibly adjusted to maximize the matching of the processing position and reduce the impact of the wire bow on the processing accuracy. to the lowest.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can adopt different cutter head solutions.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can include a mounting frame 301 with a cutting wheel for winding the cutting line.
  • the cutting wheel mechanism includes a first cutting wheel 303, a second cutting wheel 304, a tension wheel 305, and a driving wheel 306.
  • the first cutting wheel 303, the second cutting wheel 304, the tension wheel 305, and the driving wheel 306 are arranged on the mounting frame 301 at intervals in sequence, and the diamond wire (not shown) sequentially passes around the rim of each wheel to form annular wires respectively.
  • the installation frame 301 is arranged on the column 400 through the sliding plate 302.
  • the driving wheel 306 is used to provide power to the cutting wire network and drive the movement of the diamond wire to provide cutting force for cutting.
  • the first cutting wheel 303 and the second cutting wheel 304 are respectively used to support the diamond wire.
  • the line segment of the diamond wire between the two cutting wheels is the effective cutting line length.
  • the tension wheel 305 is used to tension the wire network and maintain stable cutting tension.
  • machining can be performed simultaneously with coordinated movements under the control of a computer numerical control (CNC) system.
  • CNC computer numerical control
  • the multi-axis linkage display of the tool axis vector of the entire cutting trajectory process can be changed as needed, and is controlled by the X, Y, and Z trajectory control axes.
  • the C-axis is realized, and then the material is removed layer by layer, and finally spatial surface processing is realized.
  • 3-axis linkage can realize curved surface motion.
  • Z-axis it is equipped with a cutter head feed Z-axis to adjust the workpiece tangent point to be at the effective cutting point. At the midpoint position of the line segment, 4-axis linkage processing of a better line cutting position can be achieved.
  • the diamond wire cutting device in the embodiment of the present application also includes a special-shaped protective door. This specific embodiment will describe the structure of the special-shaped protective door in detail.
  • the special-shaped protective door may include a power assist device 8100, a traction cable 8200, a protective door 8300 and a lifting guide rail 8400.
  • the lifting guide rail 8400 can be a double guide rail arranged in parallel on both sides
  • the protective door 8300 is an integrated protective door structure
  • the protective door 8300 is movably arranged on the lifting guide rail 8400
  • one end of the traction rope 8200 is connected to the protective door 8300
  • the other end is connected to the protective door 8300.
  • the power-assist device 8100 is used to drive the protective door 8300 up and down through the traction cable 8200, and provides a certain amount of assistance for the lifting and lowering of the protective door 8300, so that the on-site operator only needs a small operating force to complete the activation of the protective door 8300.
  • the power assist device 8100 can adopt different power assistance forms, for example, it can use heavy weights, cylinder drive or motor drive, etc. to achieve light operating force lifting.
  • Figure 18, Figure 19 and Figure 20 respectively provide different power assistance solutions.
  • the power assist device 8100 includes a fixed pulley 8101 and a counterweight 8102, where the fixed pulley 8101 is set at the top of the lifting guide rail 8400.
  • One end of the traction cable 8200 is connected to the protective door 8300, and the other end bypasses the fixed pulley. 8101 is connected to the counterweight 8102, so that during use, the operator can use the power assist device 8100 (counterweight 8102) to achieve light operating force operation.
  • the power assist device 8100 includes a fixed pulley 8101 and a cylinder 8105.
  • the fixed pulley 8101 is set at the top of the lifting guide rail 8400.
  • One end of the traction cable 8200 is connected to the protective door 8300, and the other end bypasses the fixed pulley 8101. Then it is connected to the movable end of the cylinder 8105, so that during use, the operator can use the power assist device 8100 (cylinder 8105) to achieve light operating force operation.
  • the power assist device 8100 includes a driving wheel 8103, a motor 8104 and a counterweight 8102.
  • the driving wheel 8103 is provided at the top of the lifting guide rail 8400 and is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the motor 8104.
  • One end of the traction cable 8200 Connect the protective door 8300, and the other end bypasses the driving wheel 8103 and is connected to the counterweight 8102, so that during use, the operator can use the power assist device 8100 (motor 8104) to achieve light operating force operation.
  • the traction rope 8200 only needs to be flexible and capable of traction function.
  • a steel wire rope, chain or rubber belt can be used as the traction material to connect the protective door 8300 and the power assist device 8100.
  • the protective door 8300 can adopt various special shapes such as Z-shape and L-shape according to the shape of the opening of the operating area.
  • the lifting guide rail 8400 can use a linear guide rail with good guiding properties and bending and torsion resistance as the lifting guide rail, which can effectively maintain the linearity and smoothness of the lifting action of the lifting protective door 8300.
  • an operating handle can be provided on the protective door 8300.
  • the special-shaped protective door can generally include a pulley assembly 8110, a wire rope assembly 8210, a counterweight assembly 8120, a lifting guide rail assembly 8410 and a protective door 8300.
  • fixed pulley assembly 8110, wire rope assembly 8210, counterweight assembly 8120 and lifting guide rail assembly 8410 are arranged on both sides of the protective door 8300.
  • the fixed pulley assembly 8110 can mainly consist of a pulley, a bearing, a fixed shaft, and a fixed seat. It is used to support the movement of the wire rope in the pulley and provide a fulcrum for establishing a force balance between the lifting protective door 8300 and the counterweight assembly 8120.
  • the wire rope assembly 8210 can be composed of a wire rope and a lock, etc., and connects the lifting protective door 8300 and the counterweight assembly 8120 to transmit the pulling force between the two components.
  • the counterweight assembly 8120 can be composed of a counterweight block, a guide block, and a buffer rubber. It is mainly used to balance the weight of the lifting protective door 8300 and realize the lifting of the protective door with light operating force.
  • the lifting guide rail assembly 8410 can use a low-friction linear guide rail with good rigidity to ensure the linear movement of the lifting protective door 8300.
  • the protective door 8300 is the main protective piece, used to prevent cutting coolant from splashing out of the equipment, and prevent high-speed parts from flying out in the cutting area to avoid casualties.
  • a high-strength transparent observation window 8301 can be set on it to facilitate the operator to observe the internal working conditions.
  • the protective door 8300 can be provided with water retaining strips 8302, water guiding eaves 8303 and water receiving channels 8304. Among them, the water blocking strip 8302 can form a labyrinth structure with the protective door 8300 to prevent the cutting coolant from splashing.
  • the water guide eaves 8303 can be installed on the protective door 8300, and are used to guide the cutting coolant splashed on the protective door 8300 back to the cutting chamber during operation; after the cutting is completed, when the protective door 8300 is raised, the residual water can be removed from the protective door 8300.
  • the cutting coolant on the 8300 flows back into the cutting chamber so it does not drip onto the operator's body, thus protecting the operator.
  • the water receiving tank 8304 can be installed under the water retaining strip 8302 and the water guide eaves 8303 on the protective door 8300, so that all the splash cutting coolant that cannot be intercepted by the three protective units can be collected and sent back to the cutting room to prevent it from flowing out of the equipment. Enter the operating area ground.
  • This application also provides an embodiment of a diamond wire cutting device.
  • the diamond wire cutting device has a cutting chamber for accommodating cutting components to perform cutting operations on workpieces or bar stock in the area of the cutting chamber.
  • the diamond wire cutting device is in A special-shaped protective door as in the previous embodiment is installed corresponding to the opening of the cutting chamber.
  • the special-shaped protective door can cover the cutting chamber, protect the safety of operators, prevent cutting fluid and other spills in the cutting chamber, and at the same time improve operating efficiency. Please refer to the previous description for specific effects and will not be repeated here.
  • the hinge-opening protective door When the hinge-opening protective door is designed into a special-shaped structure, when it is closed, there is a risk of loose sealing and leakage of cutting coolant; when it is opened outward, it will cause leakage; when it is opened inward, it will increase the size of the equipment. It increases the weight and cost of the equipment and wastes operating space.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application adopts an integrated protective door structure that can be lifted, lowered, and assisted. There is no need for column support in the middle of the protective door. The operator's working space and field of vision are wider, and only a small operating force is required to lift and lower the protective door. The operation can be completed and the operation is simpler, thus effectively improving the efficiency of on-site work and reducing the risk of operating accidents.
  • This embodiment provides a wire cutting control method. It should be noted that this method can be executed corresponding to the diamond wire cutting device in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the shape cutting provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 25 is a schematic flow structure diagram of the wire cutting control method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the wire cutting control method provided by this application includes:
  • the preset path to be cut can be obtained by inputting the cutting trajectory image in the image interface of the control system, or directly entering the coordinates in the control system.
  • the preset line bow value can be set according to the preset path to be cut, such as different
  • the preset paths to be cut can all be set with a unified preset bow value, or different preset paths to be cut can be set with different preset bow values. It can be set according to actual needs and is within the protection scope of this application.
  • the preset paths to be cut include curved paths, which can be entirely composed of curved paths, or composed of curved paths and straight paths, which can be set as needed.
  • S20 Obtain the tangent angle of the cutting point and the distance between the cutting point and the preset rotation axis according to the preset path to be cut, and calculate the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the cutting point in the preset path to be cut; wherein, the preset It is assumed that the rotation axis can be arranged on the cutting component or the material loading component, and the preset rotation axis is determined according to the setting position of the rotation drive device.
  • the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis is calculated to control the rotation of the preset rotation axis according to the different traveling positions during the traveling process, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with It is preset that the tangent directions at the cutting points in the path to be cut are consistent.
  • How to calculate the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the point in the curve based on the tangent angle of a certain point on the curve and the distance between the point and the preset rotation axis is a mature existing method in this field. technology.
  • S30 Control the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut to rotate around the preset rotation axis according to the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction of the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and Coplanar with the standard cutting surface; where the standard cutting surface is the plane where the center line of the cutting wheel groove is located.
  • the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is the opposite direction of the wire bow direction, and the actual cutting direction is also the feed direction.
  • the center line of the cutting wheel groove is the circumferential line of the most concave part of the cutting wheel groove (that is, the position where the cutting line winds around the cutting wheel under normal conditions), and the plane where the center line is located is the plane where the circumferential line is located.
  • the preset rotation axis can be provided on the side of the cutting tool and/or the material loading platform, and the rotation of the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut is controlled according to the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis.
  • This application obtains the tangent angle of the cutting point and the distance between the cutting point and the preset rotation axis by obtaining the preset path to be cut, and calculates the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the cutting point in the preset path to be cut; and based on the preset
  • the rotation angle of the rotation axis controls the rotation of the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction at the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface.
  • the angle between the material to be cut and the diamond wire is automatically adjusted by indexing, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire walking is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface. , thereby maintaining a stable wire bow, achieving controllable size and direction of the wire bow, avoiding the problem of inconsistency between the theoretical cutting pattern and the actual cutting pattern due to changes in the diamond wire bow, and achieving high-precision surface cutting of diamond wire.
  • the above method also includes: S40: Obtain the preset line bow value; S50: Determine the plane travel information of the cutting point in the preset path to be cut according to the preset path to be cut and the preset line bow value; S60: According to the plane The travel information controls the travel of the cutting surface and/or material to be cut.
  • the plane traveling information includes the X and Y axis coordinates and traveling speed of each cutting point in the preset path to be cut in the plane rectangular coordinate system.
  • the planar travel information includes the travel distance and travel speed of each cutting point in the preset path to be cut. Cut points based on plane travel information Planar movement within the shape.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a plane rectangular coordinate system provided by an embodiment of the present application; preferably, before S50 , the above method further includes: establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system with the rotation axis as the origin of the coordinate system, and the plane rectangular coordinate system
  • the system includes X-axis and Y-axis. This simplifies the conversion of X-axis and Y-axis coordinates, reduces calculation errors, and improves control accuracy.
  • the method also includes: S70: Obtain the real-time line bow value of the current cutting point; S80: Calibrate the plane travel information at the current cutting point according to the real-time line bow value of the current cutting point. , obtain the actual plane travel information of the current cutting point, and control the cutting point travel based on the actual plane travel information.
  • the traveling speed at the current cutting point is calibrated according to the real-time line bow value of the current cutting point, and then the line bow size at the current cutting point is adjusted so that the adjusted line bow is equal to the preset line bow value, or is in a preset state. Set the line bow value within a reasonable error range.
  • this application also provides a wire cutting control device.
  • the above method and device are set correspondingly and can be referenced with each other. It should be understood that the wire cutting device corresponds to the function of the control component of the diamond wire cutting device in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and can be regarded as having the same structure.
  • the wire cutting control device includes: a preset path to be cut acquisition unit, used to obtain the preset path to be cut, the preset path to be cut includes a curved path; a preset rotation angle calculation unit of the rotation axis, respectively according to the preset path to be cut.
  • the cutting point rotation angle control unit controls the rotation of the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut around the preset rotation axis, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction at the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface;
  • the standard cutting surface is the plane where the center line of the cutting wheel groove is located.
  • the preset bow value acquisition unit is used to obtain the preset bow value;
  • the plane travel information determination unit is used to determine the cutting point at the preset path according to the preset path to be cut and the preset bow value. Assume that there is planar travel information in the path to be cut;
  • a planar travel control unit is used to control the cutting surface and/or the travel of the material to be cut based on the planar travel information.
  • a real-time line bow acquisition unit used to obtain the real-time line bow value of the current cutting point
  • a plane travel information calibration unit used to calibrate the plane travel information at the current cutting point according to the real-time line bow value of the current cutting point. , obtain the actual plane travel information of the current cutting point, and trigger the plane travel control unit action; the plane travel control unit is used to control the cutting point travel based on the actual plane travel information.
  • the diamond wire cutting device also includes: a cutting component 300, used to cut the material to be cut; and a material carrying component 1, used to clamp and fix the material to be cut.
  • the wire cutting control device is connected to the cutting component 300 and the material loading component 1 respectively.
  • the wire cutting control device is used to control the cutting surface and/or the rotation of the material to be cut around the preset rotation axis according to the preset path to be cut and the preset wire bow value. So that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction at the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface; where the standard cutting surface is the plane where the center line of the cutting wheel groove is located.
  • the cutting assembly 300 includes a cutting panel, a driving device (driving guide wheel) located on the cutting panel, and two oppositely arranged cutting wheels.
  • the cutting lines respectively bypass the two cutting wheels and one driving guide wheel to Form a network of cutting lines. In other embodiments, it can also be based on If a guide wheel needs to be provided, the cutting assembly 300 can be set according to actual needs, which are all within the protection scope of this application.
  • the operation mode of diamond wire can be long reciprocating type or ring wire unidirectional type. The main function is to complete the cutting of materials through high-speed operation of the diamond wire.
  • This application obtains the tangent angle of the cutting point and the distance between the cutting point and the preset rotation axis by obtaining the preset path to be cut, and calculates the rotation angle of the preset rotation axis corresponding to the cutting point in the preset path to be cut; and based on the preset
  • the rotation angle of the rotation axis controls the rotation of the cutting surface and/or the material to be cut, so that the actual cutting direction of the cutting point is consistent with the tangent direction at the cutting point in the preset path to be cut, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface.
  • the angle between the material to be cut and the diamond wire is automatically adjusted by indexing, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire walking is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, and is coplanar with the standard cutting surface. , thereby maintaining a stable wire bow, achieving controllable size and direction of the wire bow, avoiding the problem of inconsistency between the theoretical cutting pattern and the actual cutting pattern due to changes in the diamond wire bow, and achieving high-precision surface cutting of diamond wire.
  • a planar power drive assembly and a rotary power drive assembly 2 can be provided on the material loading assembly 1 and/or the cutting assembly 300 respectively.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a wire cutting control device provided by another embodiment of the present application; in this embodiment 1-1, the rotary power drive assembly 2 is provided on the cutting assembly 300, and the planar power drive assembly is arranged on the material carrier assembly 1; as shown in Figure 5, Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wire cutting control device provided by another embodiment of the present application; in this embodiment 1-2, the rotational power drive assembly 2 is arranged on the carrier On the material assembly 1, the planar power drive assembly is provided on the cutting assembly 300; and the planar power drive assembly includes a first direction drive assembly 3 and a second direction drive assembly 4 to move the X-axis and Y-axis.
  • the driving assembly 3 and the second direction driving assembly 4 can also be all arranged on the cutting assembly 300 or the loading assembly 1; or in another embodiment, the first direction driving assembly 3 and the second direction driving assembly 4 They are respectively provided on the cutting assembly 300 and the loading assembly 1, and their specific arrangement methods can be set according to needs, which are all within the protection scope of this application.
  • the first direction drive assembly 3 is composed of a drive servo motor, a ball screw, and a linear guide rail. Its main function is to drive the loading platform to make precise reciprocating linear motion along the X-axis. Linked with the Y-axis, the loading platform can make precise and controllable curved movements.
  • the second direction drive assembly 4 is composed of a drive servo motor, a ball screw, and a linear guide rail. Its main function is to drive the loading platform to make precise reciprocating linear motion along the Y-axis. Linked with the X-axis, the loading platform can make precise and controllable curved movements.
  • the rotary power drive assembly 2 is composed of a drive servo motor, a coupling, and a rotary bearing box. Its main function is to drive the clamping device to rotate at the corresponding angle according to the angle of the cutting curve.
  • a rotation axis is added.
  • the cutting tool or the material to be cut will automatically shift and adjust the walking angle, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire travel is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, thereby maintaining a fixed Cutting the wire bow, the direction and size of the wire bow can be controlled.
  • the present application also includes an angle detection component, which is respectively connected to the control component and the rotation axis driving component to detect the rotation angle of the cutting component 300 . It can be compared with the rotation angle of the rotating power part and fed back to the control component for judgment and adjustment.
  • this application also includes a wire bow detection component located on the cutting component 300.
  • the wire bow detection component is connected to the control component to detect the wire bow value of the cutting component 300 in real time and feed it back to the control component.
  • the control component determines the wire bow value according to the detected wire bow value.
  • the bow value controls the traveling speed during the cutting process, and then the line bow value is adjusted in real time to be equal to the preset line bow value.
  • the wire bow detection component can be disposed on the material carrying component 1, and the type of sensor can be set as needed, preferably a non-contact sensor to reduce interference to the cutting line.
  • the material is fed in two-axis linkage, or the cutting tool is fed in two-axis linkage.
  • the rotating axis is established on the stage holding the material to be cut.
  • the loading platform drives the material to be cut to rotate at a certain angle according to the walking curve, so that the cutting direction of each point is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape at that position. Keep it consistent, thereby ensuring that the bending direction and size of the wire bow remain unchanged, achieving effective control of the direction and size of the wire bow, and achieving the purpose of using diamond wire for precise cutting of shapes and surfaces.
  • the above device realizes three-axis movement. Compared with the original technology, the rotation axis movement is added.
  • the direction and angle of the diamond wire feed can be adjusted through the three-axis linkage, so that the direction and size of the force on the cutting wire remain unchanged; it can achieve Effective control of the wire bow direction and size of diamond wire cutting, while linear single-axis cutting and traditional two-axis cross loading platform processing technology cannot effectively control the wire bow direction and size; through three-axis linkage, the walking position of the cutting wire can be effectively controlled , improve the feeding accuracy and achieve precise surface processing of materials.
  • the force direction and magnitude of the diamond wire can be effectively controlled, which can reduce or even eliminate the frequency of problems such as diamond wire breakage, diamond wire detachment, excessive wear of the cutting guide wheel and accidental cutting, which are common in traditional cutting technology, and improve all aspects of the process. Extend the service life of parts and reduce usage costs.
  • This application realizes effective control of the direction and size of the diamond wire cutting wire bow, and can perform more accurate surface cutting. Combined with the high-efficiency technical characteristics of diamond wire cutting, it can achieve efficient and accurate CNC surface cutting.
  • the problems of ineffective cutting such as disordered movement and vibration of the diamond wire during the cutting process will be effectively controlled, which not only improves the cross-section quality, but also effectively reduces the problems caused by ineffective cutting of the diamond wire. It wears itself out, improves cutting efficiency and service life, and further reduces usage costs.
  • the present application provides a device, including a memory and a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor.
  • the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the wire cutting control method in any of the above embodiments. .
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the wire cutting control method in any of the above embodiments are implemented.
  • This embodiment provides a wire cutting control method. It should be noted that this method can be executed corresponding to the diamond wire cutting device in the third specific embodiment.
  • the wire cutting device may include a material loading platform 100, a cutting assembly 300, a column 400, and a base 500.
  • the upright column 400 is disposed at a first position on the base 500
  • the cutting assembly 300 is disposed at the upright column 400
  • the loading platform 100 is disposed at a second position on the base 500 .
  • the loading platform 100 may include a working platform 101, a Y-axis platform 102, an X-axis platform 103, a C-axis turntable 105, and a B-axis turntable, wherein the bottom of the X-axis platform 103 is disposed at the second position of the base 500, and the Y-axis platform 102 is movably disposed on the X-axis platform 103, the working platform 101 is movably disposed on the Y-axis platform 102, the B-axis turntable includes a fixed part 106 and a rotating part 107, the rotating part 107 is rotatably disposed on the fixed part 106, The fixed part 106 is arranged on the working platform 101, and the C-axis turntable 105 is arranged on the rotating part 107.
  • the C-axis turntable 105 is used to carry and clamp the material 200 to be processed.
  • the cutting assembly 300 has a Z-axis linkage function, that is, it can move up and down on the column 400 to achieve linkage with other axes.
  • the axial directions of the X-axis and the Y-axis are perpendicular
  • the Z-axis is perpendicular to the axial directions of the X-axis and the Y-axis respectively
  • the B-axis is parallel to the axial direction of the Y-axis
  • the axial directions of the C-axis and the Z-axis are perpendicular.
  • a tooling 104 can be provided on the C-axis turntable 105 to facilitate the loading and clamping of the material 200 to be processed.
  • each axis direction is not limited to the same as in the embodiment.
  • the X axis, Y axis and Z axis are used as translation axes, each axis is perpendicular to each other, and the B axis and C axis
  • the axis is used as the rotation axis, and the B-axis and C-axis are axially perpendicular.
  • the position of the working platform 101 on the Y-axis platform 102 and the X-axis platform 103 can be adjusted, and the rotational status of the B-axis turntable and the C-axis turntable 105 can be adjusted, thereby making the material to be processed on the C-axis turntable 105 200 approaches the diamond wire cutting part of the cutting assembly 300 with a predetermined feed route and angle, thereby realizing the processing of the heterogeneous curved surface of the material 200 to be processed.
  • the workpiece (corresponding to the material 200 to be cut) can move relative to the diamond wire of the cutting assembly under the linkage drive of the X-axis and Y-axis, and cooperates with the Z-axis movement of the cutting assembly.
  • the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis , B-axis, and C-axis can be linked at the same time to achieve multi-axis linkage respectively.
  • This multi-axis linkage at least includes translation in the X-axis direction, translation in the Y-axis direction, and rotation around the C-axis, or at least includes translation around the X-axis direction.
  • Y-axis translation, Z-axis translation, rotation around the B-axis and rotation around the C-axis in order to achieve the movement of planning the cutting path.
  • the processing of special-shaped curved surfaces can be achieved through path planning of the effective cutting section of the diamond wire.
  • the diamond wire moves on the plane of the wheel train of the cutting assembly to obtain a line movement relative to the workpiece (corresponding to the material to be cut 200).
  • the diamond wire removes the workpiece The material can then be cut into special-shaped surfaces in a planned path.
  • the wire cutting control method in the embodiment of the present application is used in the above-mentioned wire cutting device with a cutting assembly 300 and a material loading platform 100.
  • the cutting assembly 300 and the material loading platform 100 have a multi-axis linkage function.
  • the control method includes the following steps: According to the material to be processed
  • the curved surface processing target of 200 determines the linked running trajectory of each axis; controls the motion of each axis according to the running trajectory to realize complex curved surface processing of the material to be processed; among them, the X-axis and Y-axis are linked to realize curved surface motion, and the B-axis is used to realize Space surface shape, the C axis is based on the B axis, used to achieve surface processing and maintain tangent point tracking.
  • the contact position between the material to be cut and the diamond wire cutting assembly 300 is adjusted through the coordinated movement of the linear axis and the rotating axis of the material loading platform 100 and the linear axis of the diamond wire cutting assembly 300 , contact angle, feed position, feed angle, feed stroke and other parameters, so that the walking direction of each contact cutting point between the material to be cut and the diamond wire is always consistent with the tangent direction of the surface at that position, thereby achieving the goal of cutting on the diamond wire line.
  • the cutting of three-dimensional curved surfaces can be accurately completed.
  • the existing special-shaped curved surface processing uses CNC machine tool processing.
  • the workpiece needs to be removed layer by layer, and the processing efficiency is low.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application uses a cutting component with a diamond wire as a cutting tool, which can perform interpolation motion through two-axis linkage, and use the diamond wire to cut the curved workpiece to remove excess material without removing it layer by layer.
  • the desired processing surface can be obtained through a specific cutting path.
  • the cutting component must pass multiple times to perform contour processing and repair the curved surface.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application is more flexible in movement, and is especially suitable for processing two-dimensional curved surfaces such as rotary bodies.
  • X/Y linkage can Semi-circular profiles on both sides of the cutter head are processed.
  • the cylindrical profile cannot be closed.
  • the C-axis is added, when the X-axis and Y-axis are linked to the set position and cut in After the workpiece is moved, the cylindrical surface can be processed directly through the C-axis rotary motion.
  • the processed surface is closed and improved processing accuracy can be obtained.
  • the C-axis rotation is realized by moving on the B-axis rotation axis.
  • the B-axis can swing in both positive and negative directions in the range of 0-90°, and the C-axis can rotate around its own axis in the range of 0-360°, and can achieve both positive and negative directions.
  • a tooling 104 can be set above the rotary table, the workpiece is placed above the tooling, and the workpiece and the workpiece are installed on the C-axis of the rotary table, and the workpiece It is coaxially arranged with the C-axis of the tooling and workbench, which ensures that the workpiece rotates coaxially when the C-axis rotates, thereby achieving linkage between the rotary axis and the linear axis.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application effectively expands the applicable scenarios of diamond wire cutting.
  • the cutting assembly 300 and the loading platform 100 have a multi-axis linkage function means that the cutting assembly 300 and the loading platform 100 have a multi-axis linkage function as a whole, that is, during the processing It has multi-axis axial movement freedom, and can implement different axial movement freedoms according to processing needs, thereby completing the predetermined processing trajectory as a whole.
  • the multi-axis linkage function for example, when it has the XYZBC five-axis linkage function, the cutting assembly 300 has the Z-axis function, and the material loading platform has the XYBC axis function; however, it is not limited in other embodiments.
  • the cutting assembly 300 may also have multiple axis functions, and the loading platform may have one or the remaining types of axis functions.
  • the cutting tool or the material to be cut will automatically index and adjust the walking angle, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire is consistent with the position.
  • the surface tangent direction remains consistent, thereby maintaining a fixed cutting wire bow and achieving controllable direction and size of the wire bow.
  • the diamond wire cutting tool does not move, and the material to be cut moves along the X-axis and Y-axis through the control of the CNC program.
  • the two linkages form a motion curve to achieve shape cutting.
  • the diamond wire When the traditional cutting method performs two-axis linkage cutting, the diamond wire is subject to the resistance of the material being cut, and will produce a wire bow along the tangent direction of the curve of the cutting point. Since the cutting tool does not move, the center line of the cutting wheel groove will deviate from the bending direction of the wire bow. As the shape of the curve changes, the resistance and direction of the diamond wire will change, and the bending direction and size of the wire bow will also change, making the size and direction of the deviation angle unfixed, resulting in inaccurate cutting trajectories. .
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application adds a rotation axis in addition to the X-axis and Y-axis, and realizes high-precision surface cutting of the diamond wire through the rotation of the material to be cut.
  • the material to be cut will automatically shift and adjust the walking angle according to the curve change of the shape surface, so that the direction of each cutting point of the diamond wire walking is consistent with the tangent direction of the shape surface at that position, thereby maintaining a fixed cutting line bow.
  • realize the controllable direction and size of the wire bow avoid the problem of inconsistency between the theoretical cutting pattern and the actual cutting pattern caused by the diamond wire bow, and achieve high-precision shape cutting of diamond wire.
  • a first slide can be set at the top of the X-axis platform 103, and correspondingly a first slide block can be set at the bottom of the Y-axis platform 102.
  • the first slider part is in sliding fit with the first slideway; in addition, a second slideway can be set at the top of the Y-axis platform 102, and a second slider part can be set at the bottom of the working platform 101. The second slider part Slide with the second slide.
  • the loading platform may also include an X-axis drive mechanism arranged between the X-axis platform 103 and the Y-axis platform 102,
  • the C-axis rotary mechanism and the axial drive mechanism can be realized by nut screws, and the B-axis rotary mechanism and C-axis rotary mechanism can be realized by motor drive.
  • controlling the movement of the X-axis, Y-axis, B-axis, and C-axis is achieved by controlling the states of the X-axis drive mechanism, the Y-axis drive mechanism, the B-axis rotation mechanism, and the C-axis rotation mechanism respectively.
  • the cutting assembly 300 has a Z-axis linkage function.
  • a Z-axis chute 401 can be provided on the column 400, and the cutting assembly 300 (of The mounting frame 301) is slidably matched with the Z-axis chute 401 through the sliding plate 302 (in other embodiments, it can also be a combination of a sliding block and a guide rail).
  • a lifting adjustment mechanism is also provided between the column 400 and the sliding plate 302 (not shown in the figure). shown) to realize the Z-axis axial lifting of the cutting assembly 300 on the column 400.
  • the lifting adjustment mechanism can drive a high-precision ball screw through a servo motor and cooperate with a high-precision linear guide to make the cutting assembly move accurately in the Z-axis direction.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can be adjusted along the Z direction through Z-axis motion without the need for multiple tooling.
  • the processing height can be flexibly adjusted to maximize the matching of the processing position and reduce the impact of the wire bow on the processing accuracy. to the lowest.
  • the Z-axis can be used to adjust the workpiece tangent point to be at the midpoint of the effective cutting line segment, and the movement of the Z-axis can be controlled by controlling the state of the lifting adjustment mechanism. That is to say, the control method of the embodiment of the present application can realize multi-axis linkage processing in five-axis space.
  • the five axes are X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, B-axis, and C-axis.
  • B-axis rotates around the Y-axis direction
  • C-axis rotates around the Z-axis. axis rotation.
  • the CNC system is used to realize NC-based circular diamond wire cutting trajectory planning and CAM-based processing path programming.
  • Horizontal X-axis and Y-axis orthogonal slide table the linkage of the two axes can realize curved surface motion.
  • two directions of rotation are added, namely B and C axes.
  • the C axis is based on the B axis, B
  • the axis opening swing is used to realize the spatial curved surface shape.
  • the C-axis rotates and can reciprocate or superimpose 360° rotation, which is used to realize curved surface processing and ensure tangent point tracking. It is also equipped with the Z-axis of the cutter head to adjust the tangent point of the workpiece.
  • the five-axis NC-based circular diamond wire cutting trajectory planning and CAM processing path programming work together to achieve complex surface processing.
  • the diamond wire is subject to the resistance of the material being cut, and will produce a line bow along the tangent direction of the curve of the cutting point.
  • the Y-axis is used laterally in conjunction with the X-axis
  • the diamond wire is in motion, it is easy to jump out of the wheel groove due to lateral force, resulting in a jumper phenomenon.
  • the wire jumper is not performed, when the direction of the force on the diamond wire changes in the reverse direction, the wire will curl up, causing abnormal irregularities on the cutting surface. marks, affecting the quality of the cutting surface.
  • the diamond wire and the workpiece are always in a very unstable positional relationship, causing problems such as wire skipping and poor surface quality during the cutting process. Therefore, a better way is to always swing the tool head along the feed direction.
  • the diamond wire is always pressed against the cutting direction for cutting, that is, the tangent point tracking method.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application can make the diamond wire always press the cutting direction for cutting. In this state, the wheel groove has the best grip on the wire, which improves the processing accuracy and quality.
  • it adopts five-axis spatial multi-axis linkage to achieve Perform three-dimensional special-shaped complex surface processing, such as two-dimensional curve and surface processing, three-dimensional cylinder, cone and other shape processing.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can adopt different cutter head solutions.
  • the cutting assembly 300 can include a mounting frame 301, a first cutting wheel 303, a second cutting wheel 304, a tension Wheel 305, driving wheel 306, diamond wire (not shown).
  • the first cutting wheel 303, the second cutting wheel 304, the tension wheel 305, and the driving wheel 306 are arranged on the mounting frame 301 at intervals in sequence.
  • the diamond wires pass around the edges of each wheel in order to form annular wires.
  • the mounting frame 301 passes through the sliding plate. 302 is arranged on the column 400.
  • the driving wheel 306 is used to provide power to the cutting wire network and drive the movement of the diamond wire to provide cutting force for cutting.
  • the first cutting wheel 303 and the second cutting wheel 304 are respectively used to support the diamond wire along the feeding direction.
  • the segment of the diamond wire between the two cutting wheels is the effective cutting line length, and the tension wheel 305 is used to tighten the wire network and maintain stable cutting tension.
  • machining can be performed simultaneously with coordinated movements under the control of a computer numerical control (CNC) system.
  • CNC computer numerical control
  • the multi-axis linkage display of the tool axis vector of the entire cutting trajectory process can be changed as needed, and is controlled by the X, Y, and Z trajectory control axes.
  • the B-axis and C-axis are realized, and then the material is removed layer by layer, and finally spatial surface processing is realized.
  • four-axis linkage can realize curved surface motion.
  • Z-axis it is equipped with a tool head to feed the Z-axis to adjust the workpiece tangent point. Located at the midpoint of the effective cutting line segment, five-axis linkage processing with a better line cutting position can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例中提供了一种金刚线切割装置，通过获取预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；并根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制待切割物料旋转，使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面。由此以根据形面的曲线变化自动转位调整被切割物料与金刚线行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向与该位置形面切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面，从而维持稳定的线弓，实现线弓的大小和方向可控，避免因金刚线线弓变化导致理论切割图形与实际切割图形不吻合的问题，实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。

Description

一种金刚线切割装置、线切割控制方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及金刚线切割技术领域，具体地，涉及一种金刚线切割装置、线切割控制方法及装置。
背景技术
常规的金刚线形面切割是利用X轴、Y轴的联动进行曲线进给，实现数控形面切割。该方法存在一定的缺陷。相对于物料来说，切割刀具始终是保持同一方向和位置不变的，而被切割物料做曲线进给时，会沿曲线上切割点的切线方向对金刚线产生阻力，使金刚线沿该方向产生线弓。该线弓会与切割导轮的轮槽中线形成一定角度(如图1)。曲线各个点的切线方向并不相同，这造成因此切割时产生的线弓方向始终在不停变化。线弓方向的不停变化引起了金刚线的摆动震荡，造成了切割阻力的震荡变化。这些变化造成了线弓方向和大小的不可控，最终使实际切割位置偏离预设行走轨迹，造成切割精度下降。切割过程中的震荡还会造成断线和脱线等问题的发生，故障率较高。
发明内容
本申请实施例中提供了一种金刚线切割装置，以解决在曲线切割时，线弓与切割导轮的轮槽中线形成一定角度、造成切割过程中线弓方向和大小不断变化、实际切割位置偏离预设行走轨迹的问题。
为了达到上述目的，本申请提供如下技术方案：
一种金刚线切割装置，包括：切割组件，用于切割待切割物料；载料组件，用于对待切割物料进行夹持固定；控制组件，分别与所述切割组件和所述载料组件连接，所述控制组件用于根据预设待切割路径控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与所述预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，所述标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
本申请实施例提供的一种金刚线切割装置，包括：切割组件，用于切割待切割物料；载料组件，用于对待切割物料进行夹持固定；控制组件，分别与切割组件和载料组件连接，控制组件用于根据预设待切割路径控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
采用本申请实施例中提供的一种金刚线切割装置，相较于现有技术，具有以下技术效果：
本申请的控制组件根据预设待切割路径控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面。由此以根据形面的曲线变化，自动转位调整被切割物料与金刚线行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向与该位置形面切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面，从而维持稳定的线弓，实现线弓的大小和方向可控，避免因金刚线线弓变化导致理论切割图形与实际切割图形不吻合的问题，实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。
附图说明
图1为现有技术的金刚线切割装置的切割示意图；图2为本申请实施例提供的金刚线切割装置的切割示意图；图3为本申请实施例提供的金刚线切割装置的结构示意图；图4为本申请实施例提供的卧式金刚线切割机的结构示意图；图5为本申请另一实施例提供的金刚线切割装置的结构示意图；图6为本申请另一实施 例提供的金刚线切割装置的结构示意图；图7为本申请实施例提供的平面直角坐标系的结构示意图；图8为本申请实施例提供的一种线切割装置核心部分的结构示意图；图9为图8另一视角的结构示意图；图10为图8又一视角的结构示意图；图11为本申请实施例提供的另一种线切割装置核心部分的结构示意图；图12为图11的另一视角；图13为图11的又一视角；图14为本申请实施例提供的另一种线切割装置核心部分的结构示意图；图15为图14另一视角的结构示意图；图16为图15又一视角的结构示意图；图17为本申请实施例提供的一种异型防护门的结构示意图；图18为图17所示异型防护门的第一种助力形式的实现结构示意图；图19为图17所示异型防护门的第二种助力形式的实现结构示意图；图20为图17所示异型防护门的第三种助力形式的实现结构示意图；图21为图17所示异型防护门另一视角的结构示意图；图22为图17所述异型防护门的防护门具体结构示意图；图23为图22所示防护门另一视角的结构示意图；图24为本申请实施例提供的形面切割的结构示意图；图25为本申请实施例提供的线切割控制方法的流程结构示意图。图26为本申请实施例提供的线切割控制方法的加工原理示意图；图27为线切割装置的总体结构示意图；图28为切割组件及其升降调整机构的结构示意图；图29为载料平台的总体结构示意图。
附图中标记如下：110夹持组件、2旋转动力驱动组件、100载料平台、4第二方向驱动组件、3第一方向驱动组件、6切割轮、7金刚线、8驱动装置、300切割组件、10绕线室、11切削液***；100载料平台、200待加工物料、300切割组件、400立柱、500底座、101工作平台、102Y轴平台、103X轴平台、104工装、105C轴转台、106固定部、107转动部、301安装框架、302滑板、303第一切割轮、304第二切割轮、305张力轮、306驱动轮、401Z轴滑槽；8100助力装置、8200牵引索、8300防护门、8400升降导轨、8101定滑轮、8102配重、8103驱动轮、8104电机、8110定滑轮总成、8120配重总成、8210钢丝绳总成、8301透明观察窗、8302挡水条、8303导水檐、8304接水槽、8410升降导轨总成。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例公开了一种金刚线切割装置，以解决在曲线切割时，线弓与切割导轮的轮槽中线形成一定角度、造成切割过程中线弓方向和大小不断变化、实际切割位置偏离预设行走轨迹的问题。
为了使本申请实施例中的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图对本申请的示例性实施例进行进一步详细的说明，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是所有实施例的穷举。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
第一具体实施方式
请参阅图2，图2为本申请实施例提供的金刚线切割装置的切割示意图；在一种实施例中，本申请还提供一种金刚线切割装置，包括：切割组件300，用于切割待切割物料；载料组件，用于对带切割物料进行夹持固定；控制组件，分别与切割组件300和载料组件连接，控制组件用于根据预设待切割路径以及预设线弓值控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
如图5所示，切割组件300包括切割面板、位于切割面板上的驱动装置(驱动导轮)、两个相对设置的切割轮，切割线分别绕过两个切割轮和一个驱动导轮，以形成切割线网。在其他实施例中，也可以根据需要设置导轮，可根据实际需要进行切割组件300的设置，均在本申请的保护范围内。金刚线运行方式可以 为长线往复式，也可以为环形丝单向式。主要作用是通过金刚线高速运转完成对物料的切割。
采用本申请实施例中提供的一种金刚线切割方法及装置，相较于现有技术，具有以下技术效果：
本申请通过获取预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；并根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料旋转，使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面。由此以根据形面的曲线变化，自动转位调整被切割物料与金刚线行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向与该位置形面切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面，从而维持稳定的线弓，实现线弓的大小和方向可控，避免因金刚线线弓变化导致理论切割图形与实际切割图形不吻合的问题，实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。
可以理解的是，为了实现平面移动以及旋转运动，可分别在载料组件和/或切割组件300上设置平面动力驱动组件和旋转动力驱动组件2。如图6所示，图6为本申请另一实施例1-1提供的金刚线切割装置的结构示意图；在该实施例1-1中，旋转动力驱动组件2设置在切割组件300上，平面动力驱动组件设置在载料组件上；如图5所示，图5为本申请另一实施例1-2提供的金刚线切割装置的结构示意图；在该实施例1-2中，旋转动力驱动组件2设置在载料组件上，平面动力驱动组件设置在切割组件300上；而平面动力驱动组件包括第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4，以进行X轴和Y轴的移动，对于第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4的设置，也可以全部设置在切割组件300或载料组件上；或者在另一实施例中，将第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4分别设置在切割组件300和载料组件上，其具体的设置方式根据需要进行设置，均在本申请的保护范围内。
第一方向驱动组件3由驱动伺服电机、滚珠丝杠、直线导轨组成。其主要功能是驱动载料平台100沿X轴做精确的往复直线运动。与Y轴联动，可以使载料平台100做精确可控的曲线运动。第二方向驱动组件4由驱动伺服电机、滚珠丝杠、直线导轨组成。其主要功能是驱动载料平台100延Y轴做精确的往复直线运动。与X轴联动，可以使载料平台100做精确可控的曲线运动。旋转动力驱动组件2由驱动伺服电机、联轴器、旋转轴承箱组成。其主要功能是根据切割曲线角度带动夹持装置做相应角度的旋转。
在X轴、Y轴以外加入了旋转轴。在切割时，根据形面的曲线变化，切割刀具或者被切割物料会自动转位调整行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向都与该位置形面切线方向保持一致，从而维持固定的切割线弓，实现线弓的方向和大小可控。
实施例1-1
在该实施例中，对旋转动力驱动组件2设置在切割组件300、第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4设置在载料组件上为例进行说明：
为了实现控制组件控制切割面和/或待切割物料的旋转，还包括旋转动力驱动组件2，旋转动力驱动组件2包括旋转动力件和旋转驱动件。其中，旋转动力件与控制组件连接，旋转驱动件的一端与旋转动力件连接，另一端与切割组件300连接，在一种实施例中，旋转动力驱动组件2由旋转电机、底座、齿轮组件组成。其主要功能是根据切割曲线角度带动切割组件做相应角度的旋转。
其中，旋转动力件设置为伺服电机，其具有编码器，以对旋转角度进行测量。
在一种实施例中，旋转动力件为伺服电机；旋转驱动件为齿轮轴驱动机构，伺服电机的输出端与齿轮轴驱动机构的一端连接，齿轮轴驱动机构的另一端与切割组件300固定连接。由此以提高控制精度，减小行进误差。
载料组件与控制组件连接，用以控制载料组件沿预设待切割路径行进，驱动方式可设置为齿轮传动机构、滑轨滑块机构等，可根据需要进行设置，以实现载料组件在形面上的行进，即进行X轴和Y轴的进给。上述设置方式使得旋转动力驱动组件2和平面动力驱动组件分离设置，使其安装误差不会叠加在同一结构上，同时便于各动力驱动组件的安装定位，便于拆装，降低组装难度。
具体的，载料组件包括载料平台100和夹持组件，夹持组件用于对待切割物料进行夹持；夹持组件位于载料平台100上；控制组件与载料平台100连接，用以控制载料平台100沿预设待切割路径行进。
在一种实施例中，载料组件由载料平台100和夹持组件构成。夹持组件包括夹持架体、夹紧气缸组成，其布置在载料台上方，通过夹紧气缸夹紧被切割物料，并在三轴驱动下带动物料进入切割区域，完成物料切割。
具体的，第一方向驱动组件3位于载料平台100的底部，其中，第一方向平行于切割组件300的切割线所在平面设置；第一方向驱动组件3与控制组件连接，以带动载料平台100沿第一方向移动，即X轴方向。第二方向驱动组件4位于载料平台100的底部，其中，第二方向垂直于切割组件300的切割线所在平面设置；第二方向驱动组件4与控制组件连接，以带动载料平台100沿第二方向移动，即Y轴方向。
第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4可设置为齿轮传动机构、滑块滑轨机构或丝杠螺母机构中的一者或几者，如采用丝杠螺母机构与滑块滑轨机构组合使用，或齿轮传动与滑块滑轨机构组合使用。第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4优选为相同设置。在其他实施例中，可根据需要设置第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4的具体结构，均在本申请的保护范围内。其中，第二方向驱动组件4固定于载料平台100的底部，第一方向驱动组件3固定于第二方向驱动组件4的底部。
实施例1-2
在该实施例中，旋转动力驱动组件2设置在载料组件上、第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4设置在切割组件300上为例进行说明：其中，旋转动力驱动组件2包括：旋转动力件，与控制组件连接；转驱动件，一端与旋转动力件连接，另一端与载料组件连接；控制组件控制旋转动力件动作，以驱动旋转驱动件带动载料组件转动。旋转动力驱动组件2的结构可参考实施例1-1中进行设置，在此不再赘述。
切割组件300与控制组件连接，用以控制切割组件300沿预设物料进给路径行进。可以理解的是，此处及下文的预设物料进给路径行进，为通过根据预设待切割路径和预设线弓值，确定切割点在预设待切割路径中的平面行进信息，根据平面行进信息控制切割组件300行进。
切割组件300与控制组件之间设置第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4，切割组件300包括切割刀具和切割面板，切割刀具设置在切割面板上，第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4设置在切割面板的底部，同时第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4的位置和结构可参考实施例1-1进行设置，在此不再赘述。
本申请还包括角度检测组件，分别与控制组件和旋转轴驱动组件连接，用以检测载料组件的旋转角 度。以能够与旋转动力件的旋转角度进行对比，并反馈至控制组件进行判断以及调节。
同时，本申请还包括线弓检测组件，位于切割组件300上，线弓检测组件与控制组件连接，用以实时检测切割组件300的线弓值并反馈至控制组件，控制组件根据检测到的线弓值控制切割过程中的行进速度，进而实时调整线弓值与预设线弓值相等。在另一实施例中，线弓检测组件可设置在载料组件上，可根据需要进行设置传感器的类型，优选为非接触式传感器，以减少对切割线的干扰。
在该实施例中，控制组件包括：预设待切割路径获取单元，用于获取预设待切割路径，预设待切割路径包括曲线路径；预设旋转轴的旋转角度计算单元，用于根据预设待切割路径得到各切割点的切线角度、切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算得到切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；切割点旋转角控制单元，用于根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
具体的，控制组件还包括：预设线弓值获取单元，用于获取预设线弓值；平面行进信息确定单元，用于根据预设待切割路径和预设线弓值，确定切割点在预设待切割路径中的平面行进信息；平面行进控制单元，用于根据平面行进信息控制切割面和/或待切割物料行进。
进一步地，控制组件还包括：实时线弓获取单元，用于获取当前切割点的实时线弓值；实际平面行进信息确定单元，用于根据当前切割点的实时线弓值校准当前切割点处的平面行进信息，得到当前切割点的实际平面行进信息，并触发平面行进控制单元动作；平面行进控制单元，用于根据实际平面行进信息控制切割点行进。在一种具体实施例中，采用物料两轴联动进给，也可以采用切割刀具两轴联动进给的切割方式。将旋转轴建立在夹持被切割物料的载物台上。切割前，根据不同的物料属性设定线弓大小，即理论位置与金刚线实际位置的偏差值。如图7所示，以所述预设旋转轴为坐标系原点建立平面直角坐标系，所述平面直角坐标系包括X轴和Y轴切割时，在X轴、Y轴联动进给的同时，通过控制程序的算法，载物平台带动被切割物料根据行走曲线旋转一定角度，使每个点的切割方向都与该位置形面切线方向保持一致，从而保证线弓弯曲方向和大小始终保持不变，实现对线弓方向和大小的有效控制，达到使用金刚线进行形面精确切割的目的。
上述装置实现了三轴运动，相比原技术增加了旋转轴运动，可以通过三轴联动，调整金刚线进给的方向和角度，使切割丝受力方向和大小始终保持不变；能够实现对金刚线切割线弓方向和大小的有效控制，而直线单轴切割和传统的两轴十字载料平台100加工技术无法有效控制线弓方向和大小；通过三轴联动，能够有效控制切割丝的行走位置，提高进给精度，实现物料的精密形面加工。使金刚线受力方向和大小得到有效控制，能够降低甚至杜绝传统切割技术普遍存在的金刚线断线、金刚线脱线、切割导轮磨损过快和意外切坏等问题的发生频率，提高各个零部件的使用寿命，降低使用成本。
本申请实现了对金刚线切割线弓方向和大小的有效控制，能够更加精确的进行形面切割，再结合金刚线切割高效率的技术特性，能够实现高效、精确的数控形面切割。金刚线线弓方向和大小得到有效控制后，金刚线在切割过程中的无序游走和震动等无效切割问题会得到有效控制，既提高了断面质量，又可以有效降低金刚线无效切割造成的自身磨损，提高切割效率和使用寿命，进一步降低使用成本。
第二具体实施方式
请参阅图2-4，图2为本申请实施例提供的金刚线切割装置的切割示意图；图3为本申请实施例提供的金刚线切割装置的结构示意图；图4为本申请实施例提供的卧式金刚线切割机的结构示意图。
本申请还提供一种金刚线切割装置，在一种具体的实施方式中，包括切割组件300、载料组件和控制组件。其中，如图3所示，切割组件300包括切割面板、位于切割面板上的导轮、驱动装置8(驱动导轮)、两个相对设置的切割轮6，切割线分别绕过两个切割轮6、一个导轮和一个驱动导轮，以形成切割线网。在其他实施例中，也可以免去导轮的设置，可根据实际需要进行切割组件300的设置，均在本申请的保护范围内。金刚线7运行方式可以为长线往复式，也可以为环形丝单向式，主要作用是通过金刚线7高速运转完成对物料的切割。
采用本申请实施例中提供的一种金刚线切割方法及装置，相较于现有技术，具有以下技术效果：
本申请通过获取预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；并根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制待切割物料旋转，使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面。由此以根据形面的曲线变化，自动转位调整被切割物料与金刚线行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向与该位置形面切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面，从而维持稳定的线弓，实现线弓的大小和方向可控，避免因金刚线线弓变化导致理论切割图形与实际切割图形不吻合的问题，实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。
在该实施例中，还包括旋转动力驱动组件2，旋转动力驱动组件2包括旋转动力件和旋转驱动件。其中，旋转动力件与控制组件连接，旋转驱动件的一端与旋转动力件连接，另一端与载料组件连接，旋转驱动件在旋转动力件的驱动下，带动待切割物料转动，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面。
载料组件包括载料平台100和夹持组件110。其中，载料平台100用以承载夹持组件110，夹持组件110用于对待切割物料进行夹持，可根据待切割物料设置夹持组件110的具体结构，如夹爪或载物台等夹持件，均在本申请的保护范围内。旋转动力驱动组件2的一端与载料平台100连接，优选为设置在载料平台100的结构中心处，以便于生产加工，同时便于数控数据设置。旋转动力驱动组件2的另一端与夹持组件110连接，以带动夹持组件110在载料平台100上绕旋转轴旋转，同样地，旋转动力驱动组件2优选设置在夹持组件110的结构中心处。
具体的，旋转动力件固定于载料平台100上；旋转驱动件一端与旋转动力件连接，另一端与夹持组件110连接；旋转驱动件在旋转动力件驱动下，带动夹持组件110转动。旋转动力件为伺服电机；旋转驱动件为齿轮轴驱动机构，其位于载料平台100上，且一端凸出于载料平台100的壁厚向上延伸设置，伺服电机的输出端与齿轮轴驱动机构的一端连接，齿轮轴驱动机构的另一端与夹持组件110固定连接。在伺服电机的驱动下，带动齿轮轴驱动机构转动，同时带动位于载料平台100上的夹持组件110转动。在其他实施例中，也可以根据需要设置旋转驱动件的具体结构，均在本申请的保护范围内。
在一种实施例中，可以理解的是，物料进给可以通过载料平台100进给或者切割组件300进给实现。其中，载料平台100与控制组件连接，用以控制载料平台100沿预设物料进给路径行进。其中，上述金刚 线切割装置包括第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4。第一方向驱动组件3位于载料平台100的底部，第一方向平行于切割组件300的切割线所在平面设置；第一方向驱动组件3与控制组件连接，以带动载料平台100沿第一方向移动。第二方向驱动组件4位于载料平台100的底部，第二方向垂直于切割组件300的切割线所在平面设置；第二方向驱动组件4与控制组件连接，以带动载料平台100沿第二方向移动。第二方向驱动组件4固定于载料平台100的底部，第一方向驱动组件3固定于第二方向驱动组件4的底部。在其他实施例中，第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4的位置可以调换，可根据需要进行设置。
其中，X轴为第一方向，Y轴为第二方向，X轴驱动可使载料平台100沿X轴做往复运动；Y轴驱动可使载料平台100沿Y轴做往复运动；旋转轴驱动可使载料平台100绕旋转轴做一定角度的正反旋转。通过三轴的运动实现载料平台100的曲线运动进给。采用物料两轴联动进给，将旋转轴建立在载料平台100上。切割前，根据不同的物料属性参数设定线弓大小。切割时，在X轴、Y轴联动进给的同时，通过控制程序的算法，载料平台100带动被切割物料根据行走曲线旋转一定角度，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，从而保证线弓弯曲方向和大小始终保持不变，实现对线弓方向和大小的有效控制，达到使用金刚线7进行形面精确切割的目的。
第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4可设置为齿轮传动机构、滑块滑轨机构或丝杠螺母机构中的一者或几者，如采用丝杠螺母机构与滑块滑轨机构组合使用，或齿轮传动与滑块滑轨机构组合使用。第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4优选为相同设置。在其他实施例中，可根据需要设置第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4的具体结构，均在本申请的保护范围内。或者，在另一实施例中，切割组件300与控制组件连接，用以控制切割组件300沿预设物料进给路径行进，可通过动力件带动切割组件300实现行进，具体的动力件的设置，可参考现有技术的发展水平进行设置，在此不再赘述。
为了对载料平台100旋转角度进行检测，以进行反馈调节，该装置还包括角度检测组件，其分别与控制组件和旋转动力驱动组件2连接，角度检测组件可设置为编码器，以对旋转动力驱动组件2的转动角度进行检测，并将实时检测到的转动角度发送至控制组件，控制组件根据实际角度与理论角度进行比较判断，并根据判断结果进行调节，以进一步提高控制精度，提高理论切割图形与实际切割图形的吻合度。
更进一步地，本申请还包括线弓检测组件，位于切割组件上，线弓检测组件与控制组件连接，用以实时检测切割组件的线弓值并反馈至控制组件，控制组件根据检测到的线弓值控制切割过程中的行进速度，进而实时调整线弓值与预设线弓值相等。在另一实施例中，线弓检测组件可设置在载料组件上，可根据需要进行设置传感器的类型，优选为非接触式传感器，以减少对切割线的干扰。
在一种实施例中，金刚线切割装置为卧式金刚线切割机。
在一种具体的实施例中，金刚线切割装置包括：绕线室10：通过驱动装置8带动金刚线7高速运行，并通过张力控制装置保证金刚线7维持稳定的张紧力。金刚线7通过导轮绕出绕线室10，通过两个切割轮6形成切割刀具。切割轮6：支撑金刚线7完成切割动作。载料平台100：由第一方向驱动组件3、第二方向驱动组件4、旋转动力驱动组件2和夹持组件110组成。通过三轴的运动实现载料平台100的曲线运动进给。夹持组件110：布置在旋转动力驱动组件2上方，通过夹持工装夹紧被切割物料，并在三轴驱动下带动物料进入切割区域，完成物料切割。切削液***11：由输送管道、回液箱、供液泵构成。为切割区域提供 冷却液，保护金刚线7不会因过热烧毁。
具体工作过程为：a.物料固定在载料平台100的夹紧装置上。b.输入切割程序。c.载料平台100启动，完成金刚线7与物料对刀。d.金刚线7退回零点。e.设备启动，金刚线7运行，载料平台100开始进给。f.三轴联动进行曲线进给，金刚线7进行形面切割。g.完成切割后，金刚线7进入空刀区并停止运行。h.取下被切割物料。i.金刚线7退刀回到零点，切割完成。
上述装置可转位切点自适应金刚线切割机通过三轴联动，有效的控制线弓方向和大小。既保证了切割精度，又充分发挥了金刚线7高效切割的优势，实现了高精度、高效切割；且既能进行常规单轴切割，又能进行形面切割。具备广泛的适应性，实现一机多能，提供设备使用效率，降低工厂设备使用成本。本申请使金刚线7受力方向和大小得到有效控制，能够更加精确的进行形面切割，能够降低甚至杜绝常规切割技术普遍存在的金刚线7断线、金刚线7脱线、切割导轮磨损过快和意外切坏等问题的发生频率，提高各个零部件的使用寿命，降低使用成本。金刚线7线弓方向和大小得到有效控制后，金刚线7在切割过程中的无序游走和震动等无效切割问题会得到有效控制，可以有效降低金刚线7无效切割造成的自身磨损，提高切割效率和金刚线7、导轮等耗材使用寿命，进一步降低使用成本。本申请克服常规金刚线7切割机形面切割时线弓方向和大小无法控制的问题，实现了高精度形面切割。再结合金刚线7切割高效率的技术特性，实现了高效率、高精确的数控形面切割。提高了生产效率，保证了工厂生产质量。
其中，上述具体工作过程中步骤b的输入切割程序可以包括以下步骤：获取预设待切割路径以及预设线弓值，预设待切割路径可通过在控制***的图像界面内输入切割轨迹图像得到，或者直接在控制***内输入坐标等，同时，预设线弓值可根据预设待切割路径进行设置，如不同的预设待切割路径可均设置统一预设线弓值，或者不同的预设待切割路径分别对应设置不同的预设线弓值。可根据实际需要进行设置，均在本申请的保护范围内。预设待切割路径包括曲线路径，可全部由曲线路径组成，或者由曲线路径和直线路径组成，可根据需要进行设置。
根据预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算得到切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；其中，预设旋转轴可设置在切割组件或载料组件上，根据旋转驱动装置的设置位置确定预设旋转轴。根据切割点的切线角度以及切割点与旋转轴的距离，计算预设旋转轴的旋转角度，以在行进过程中根据行进位置的不同，控制预设旋转轴旋转，使得切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致。而如何根据曲线上的某点的切线角度、以及该点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算该点在曲线中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度为本领域的一种成熟的现有技术。
根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。其中，切割点的实际切割方向即为线弓方向的反方向，实际切割方向也即进给方向。所述的切割轮轮槽的中心线是切割轮槽最凹处(也即正常状态下切割线绕在切割轮上的位置)的圆周线，中心线所在平面即该圆周线所在平面。
可以理解的是，预设旋转轴可设置在载料平台侧，根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制待切割物料旋转。
本申请通过获取预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算切 割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；并根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制待切割物料旋转，使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面。由此以根据形面的曲线变化，自动转位调整被切割物料与金刚线行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向与该位置形面切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面，从而维持稳定的线弓，实现线弓的大小和方向可控，避免因金刚线线弓变化导致理论切割图形与实际切割图形不吻合的问题，实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。
第三具体实施方式
下面在前述金刚线切割装置的基础上，对本申请实施例的金刚线切割装置实体组成结构进行详细说明，旨在阐述金刚线切割装置实现前述切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转的具体部件的结构和设置方式。
实施例3-1
结合图8、图9和图10所示为金刚线切割装置及其载料平台的结构示意图。如图所示，本申请实施例的线切割装置可以包括载料平台100、切割组件300、立柱400、底座500。其中，立柱400设置于底座500上的第一位置，切割组件300设置于立柱400上，载料平台100设置于底座500上的第二位置。
载料平台100可以包括工作平台101、Y轴平台102、X轴平台103、C轴转台105、B轴转台。其中，X轴平台103的底部设置于底座500的第二位置，且整体沿X轴方向延伸；Y轴平台102可沿所述X轴方向移动地设置于X轴平台103上，Y轴转台整体沿Y轴方向延伸；工作平台101可沿Y轴方向移动地设置于Y轴平台102上，B轴转台包括固定部106和转动部107，转动部107可绕B轴方向转动地设置于固定部106上，固定部106设置于工作平台101上，进而设置于Y轴平台102上，其中B轴方向与Y轴方向平行；C轴转台105可绕C轴方向转动地设置于转动部107上，C轴转台105用于承载和夹持待加工物料200，C轴方向垂直于B轴方向。具体实施过程中，C轴转台105上可以设置工装104，以方便对待加工物料200的承载和夹持。
在工作过程中，可通过调整工作平台101在Y轴平台102以及在X轴平台103的位置，以及调整B轴转台和C轴转台105的转动状态，进而使C轴转台105上的待加工物料200以预定的进给路线和角度靠近切割组件300的金刚线切割部位，从而实现待加工物料200的异性曲面加工。具体实施时，工件(对应于待切割物料200)在X轴Y轴两轴联动驱动下可以相对刀头的金刚线相对运动，X轴、Y轴、Z轴、B轴、C轴可以同时联动，分别实现多轴联动，达到实现规划切割路径的运动，异形曲面的加工可通过金刚线有效切割段的路径规划来实现，在整个切割过程中，金刚线在切割组件轮系平面上运动从而得到相对于工件(对应于待切割物料200)的走线运动，当工件相对金刚线有效切割段运动时，金刚线去除工件材料从而以规划路径实现异型面的切割。
结合前述以及现有技术的情况可知，现有技术方案中，异形曲面采用数控机床加工方式，对于将较大面加工成很小的面时，需要对工件进行逐层去除，加工效率低，相比于传统数控机床加工，本申请实施例的方案采用具有金刚线的切割组件作为切割工具，能够通过两轴联动进行插补运动，利用金刚线切开曲面工件去除多余材料，无需逐层去除，最终利用特定走刀路径获得期望加工型面，采用金刚线切割时，对于较复杂形面，金刚线可多走几次线，进行轮廓加工，修出曲面，对于简单曲面，可一次切割成形，明显提 高了加工效率和加工质量；与未采用C轴功能的柔性加工方法相比，本申请实施例的方案在运动上更加灵活，尤其适合加工回转体类二维曲面，具体而言，尽管X/Y联动能够加工得到刀头两侧各半圆周的型面，但由于刀头无法穿越工件下方支撑工装，圆柱型面无法实现闭合，然而增设C轴后，当X轴和Y轴联动到设定位置并切入工件后，直接通过C轴回转运动即可以实现圆柱曲面的加工，加工型面闭合并且可以获得加好的加工精度。另外，C轴回转是在B轴回转轴上运动实现的，其中B轴可以正负两个方向摆动0-90°范围，C轴可以绕自身轴线回转0-360°，并且可以实现正反两个方向的连续旋转；为了规避加工中金刚线与回转工作台的干涉，可以在回转工作台上方设置工装104，工件置于工装上方，工件连同工装置于回转工作台的C轴上，并且工件和工装、工作台C轴同轴设置，这样可以保证C轴回转时工件同轴转动，从而实现回转轴与直线轴的联动。此外，本申请实施例的方案有效拓展了金刚线切割的适用场景。
具体实施过程中，为更好实现X轴平台103和Y轴平台102的运动性能，可在X轴平台103的顶部设置第一滑道，相应地在Y轴平台102的底部设置第一滑块部，该第一滑块部与该第一滑道滑动配合；另外可在Y轴平台102的顶部设置第二滑道，在工作平台101的底部设置第二滑块部，第二滑块部与第二滑道滑动配合。为了实现X轴向、Y轴向运动的调整控制以及C轴平台的回转控制，载料平台还可以包括设置于X轴平台103与Y轴平台102之间的X轴向驱动机构、设置于Y轴平台102与工作平台101之间的Y轴向驱动机构、设置于所述工作平台与所述B轴转台之间的B轴向回转机构以及设置于工作平台101与C轴转台105之间的C轴向回转机构，轴向驱动机构可以采用丝母丝杠的方式实现，B轴向回转机构和C轴回转机构可以采用电机驱动的方式实现。
在此基础上，为了进一步提升线切割装置的加工性能和灵活度，切割组件300可以具有Z轴运动功能，具体而言，可在立柱400上开设Z轴滑槽401，切割组件300(的安装框架301)通过滑板302与Z轴滑槽401滑动配合(其他实施例中也可以是滑块和导轨的配合形式)，在立柱400与滑板302之间还设置有升降调整机构(图中未示出)，以实现切割组件300在立柱400上实现Z轴轴向升降，升降调整机构也可以采用丝母丝杠的方式。采用这种方案后，通过Z轴运动可实现切割组件300沿Z方向的调整，而无需配套多种工装，加工高度可以灵活调整，最大限度地匹配加工位置，将线弓对加工精度的影响降到最低。
此外，具体实施过程中，切割组件300可以采用不同的刀头方案，作为一种示例，如图所示，切割组件300可以包括安装框架301，安装框架301上设置有用于绕设切割线的切割轮机构，该切割轮机构包括第一切割轮303、第二切割轮304、张力轮305、驱动轮306。其中，第一切割轮303、第二切割轮304、张力轮305、驱动轮306依次间隔设置于安装框架301上，金刚线(图未示出)依次绕过各轮轮沿后分别形成环形丝，安装框架301通过滑板302设置于立柱400上。在使用过程中，驱动轮306用于给切割线网提供动力，带动金刚线运动从而为实现切割提供切削力，第一切割轮303和第二切割轮304分别用于支撑金刚线沿进给方向切割工件，两个切割轮之间的金刚线的线段为有效切割线长度，张力轮305用于为线网张紧而保持稳定切割张力提供保障。
另外，具体实施时，可在计算机数控(CNC)***的控制下同时协调运动进行加工，多轴联动显示整个切削轨迹过程的刀具轴矢量可根据需要改变，由X、Y、Z轨迹控制轴控制B轴、C轴实现，进而逐层去除材料，最终实现空间曲面加工。对于水平X轴、Y轴正交滑台和B轴、C轴转台，四轴联动可实现曲面 运动，对于带Z轴的方案，再配以刀头进给Z轴，用于调节工件切点位于有效切割线段中点位置，则可实现更优线切割位置的五轴联动加工。
实施例3-2
如图11、图12和图13所示，本申请实施例的线切割装置可以包括载料平台100、切割组件300、立柱400、底座500。其中，立柱400设置于底座500的第一位置，切割组件300设置于立柱400上，载料平台100设置于底座500的第二位置。
载料平台100可以包括工作平台101、整体沿Y轴方向延伸的Y轴平台102、整体沿X轴方向延伸的X轴平台103，其中，X轴平台103的底部设置于底座500的第二位置，Y轴平台102可沿X轴方向移动地设置于X轴平台103上，工作平台101可沿Y轴方向移动地设置于Y轴平台102上，工作平台101用于承载和夹持待加工物料200。其中，X轴方向与Y轴方向垂直。具体实施过程中，工作平台101上可以设置工装104，以方便对待加工物料200的承载和夹持。
在工作过程中，可通过调整工作平台101在Y轴平台102以及在X轴平台103的位置，进而使工作平台101上的待加工物料200以预定的进给路线和角度靠近切割组件300的金刚线切割部位，从而实现待加工物料200的异性曲面加工。具体实施时，工件(对应于待切割物料200)在X轴Y轴两轴联动驱动下可以相对刀头的金刚线相对运动，从而实现规划切割路径的运动，异形曲面的加工可通过金刚线有效切割段的路径规划来实现，在整个切割过程中，金刚线在切割组件轮系平面上运动从而得到相对于工件(对应于待切割物料200)的走线运动，当工件相对金刚线有效切割段运动时，金刚线去除工件材料从而以规划路径实现异型面的切割。
结合前述以及现有技术的情况可知，现有技术方案中，异形曲面采用数控机床加工方式，对于将较大面加工成很小的面时，需要对工件进行逐层去除，加工效率低，相比于传统数控机床加工，本申请实施例的方案采用具有金刚线的切割组件作为切割工具，能够通过两轴联动进行插补运动，利用金刚线切开曲面工件去除多余材料，无需逐层去除，最终利用特定走刀路径获得期望加工型面，采用金刚线切割时，对于较复杂形面，金刚线可多走几次线，进行轮廓加工，修出曲面，对于简单曲面，可一次切割成形，明显提高了加工效率和加工质量。另外，本申请实施例的方案有效拓展了金刚线切割的适用场景。
具体实施过程中，为更好实现X轴平台103和Y轴平台102的运动性能，可在X轴平台103的顶部设置第一滑道，相应地在Y轴平台102的底部设置第一滑块部，该第一滑块部与该第一滑道滑动配合；另外可在Y轴平台102的顶部设置第二滑道，在工作平台101的底部设置第二滑块部，第二滑块部与第二滑道滑动配合。为了实现X轴向和Y轴向运动的调整控制，载料平台还可以包括设置于X轴平台103与Y轴平台102之间的X轴向驱动机构以及设置于Y轴平台103与工作平台101之间的Y轴向驱动机构，轴向驱动机构可以采用丝母丝杠的方式实现。
作为一种优选，载料平台上可以设置相应的升降机构，用于驱动工作平台，使得工作平台能够沿C轴方向升降，C轴方向垂直于前述的X轴方向和Y轴方向，即与下文中的Z轴平行。具体实施时，升降机构可以是油缸类的伸缩机构形式，也可以是滑道滑块的滑动配合形式，而且，升降机构可以单独驱动工作平台实现升降，也可以整体驱动X轴平台、Y轴平台和工作平台，实现工作平台升降。由此可以实现下文中 切割组件沿Z轴运动相似的效果，以便在切割组件不具有Z轴运动功能或不便控制实现Z轴运动的情况下，由载料平台实现C轴升降来实现相应效果。
在此基础上，为了进一步提升线切割装置的加工性能和灵活度，切割组件300可以具有Z轴运动功能，具体而言，可在立柱400上开设Z轴滑槽401，切割组件300(的安装框架301)通过滑板302与Z轴滑槽401滑动配合，在立柱400与滑板302之间还设置有升降调整机构(图中未示出)，以实现切割组件300在立柱400上实现Z轴轴向升降，升降调整机构也可以采用丝母丝杠的方式。采用这种方案后，通过Z轴运动可实现切割组件300沿Z方向的调整，而无需配套多种工装，加工高度可以灵活调整，最大限度地匹配加工位置，将线弓对加工精度的影响降到最低。
此外，具体实施过程中，切割组件300可以采用不同的刀头方案，作为一种示例，如图所示，切割组件300可以包括安装框架301，安装框架301上设置有用于绕设切割线的切割轮机构，该切割轮机构包括第一切割轮303、第二切割轮304、张力轮305、驱动轮306。其中，第一切割轮303、第二切割轮304、张力轮305、驱动轮306依次间隔设置于安装框架301上，金刚线(图未示出)依次绕过各轮轮沿后分别形成环形丝，安装框架301通过滑板302设置于立柱400上。在使用过程中，驱动轮306用于给切割线网提供动力，带动金刚线运动从而为实现切割提供切削力，第一切割轮303和第二切割轮304分别用于支撑金刚线沿进给方向切割工件，两个切割轮之间的金刚线的线段为有效切割线长度，张力轮305用于为线网张紧而保持稳定切割张力提供保障。另外，各轮轮槽可以包括多个，这样金刚线可以仅采用单根进行单线切割，也可以采用多根以实现多线切割。
实施例3-3
如图14、图15和图16所示，本申请实施例的线切割装置可以包括载料平台100、切割组件300、立柱400、底座500。其中，立柱400设置于底座500上的第一位置，切割组件300设置于立柱400上，载料平台100设置于底座500上的第二位置。
载料平台100可以包括工作平台101、整体沿Y轴方向延伸的Y轴平台102、整体沿X轴方向延伸的X轴平台103、C轴转台105。其中，X轴平台103的底部设置于底座500的第二位置，Y轴平台102可沿X轴方向移动地设置于X轴平台103上，工作平台101可沿Y轴方向移动地设置于Y轴平台102上，X轴方向与Y轴方向垂直；C轴转台105设置于工作平台101上，进而设置在Y轴平台102上，C轴转台105用于承载和夹持待加工物料200，C轴转台105能够绕C轴方向转动，且C轴方向垂直于X轴方向和Y轴方向。具体实施过程中，工作平台101上可以设置工装104，以方便对待加工物料200的承载和夹持。
在工作过程中，可通过调整工作平台101在Y轴平台101以及在X轴平台103的位置，以及调整C轴转台105的转动状态，进而使C轴转台105上的待加工物料200以预定的进给路线和角度靠近切割组件300的金刚线切割部位，从而实现待加工物料200的异性曲面加工。具体实施时，工件(对应于待切割物料200)在X轴Y轴两轴联动驱动下可以相对刀头的金刚线相对运动，XYC联动或者XYZC(方案参见下文)联动，从而实现规划切割路径的运动，异形曲面的加工可通过金刚线有效切割段的路径规划来实现，在整个切割过程中，金刚线在切割组件轮系平面上运动从而得到相对于工件(对应于待切割物料200)的走线运动，当工件相对金刚线有效切割段运动时，金刚线去除工件材料从而以规划路径实现异型面的切割。
结合前述以及现有技术的情况可知，现有技术方案中，异形曲面采用数控机床加工方式，对于将较大面加工成很小的面时，需要对工件进行逐层去除，加工效率低，相比于传统数控机床加工，本申请实施例的方案采用具有金刚线的切割组件作为切割工具，能够通过两轴联动进行插补运动，利用金刚线切开曲面工件去除多余材料，无需逐层去除，最终利用特定走刀路径获得期望加工型面，采用金刚线切割时，对于较复杂形面，金刚线可多走几次线，进行轮廓加工，修出曲面，对于简单曲面，可一次切割成形，明显提高了加工效率和加工质量；与未采用C轴功能的柔性加工方法相比，本申请实施例的方案在运动上更加灵活，尤其适合加工回转体类二维曲面，具体而言，尽管X/Y联动能够加工得到刀头两侧各半圆周的型面，但由于刀头无法穿越工件下方支撑工装，圆柱型面无法实现闭合，然而增设C轴后，当X轴和Y轴联动到设定位置并切入工件后，直接通过C轴回转运动即可以实现圆柱曲面的加工，加工型面闭合并且可以获得加好的加工精度。此外，本申请实施例的方案有效拓展了金刚线切割的适用场景。
具体实施过程中，为更好实现X轴平台103和Y轴平台102的运动性能，可在X轴平台103的顶部设置第一滑道，相应地在Y轴平台102的底部设置第一滑块部，该第一滑块部与该第一滑道滑动配合；另外可在Y轴平台102的顶部设置第二滑道，在工作平台101的底部设置第二滑块部，第二滑块部与第二滑道滑动配合。为了实现X轴向、Y轴向运动的调整控制以及C轴平台的回转控制，载料平台还可以包括设置于X轴平台103与Y轴平台102之间的X轴向驱动机构、设置于Y轴平台103与工作平台101之间的Y轴向驱动机构以及设置于工作平台101与C轴转台105之间的C轴向回转机构，轴向驱动机构可以采用丝母丝杠的方式实现，C轴回转机构可以采用电机驱动的方式实现。作为一种优选，载料平台上可以设置相应的升降机构，使得C轴转台能够沿C轴方向升降，即上下移动。具体实施时，升降机构可以采用油缸类的伸缩机构形式，也可以是滑道滑块的滑动配合形式，而且，升降机构可以单独驱动C轴转台实现升降，也可以整体驱动X轴平台、Y轴平台和C轴转台，实现C轴转台升降。由此可以实现下文中切割组件沿Z轴运动相似的效果，以便在切割组件不具有Z轴运动功能或不便控制实现Z轴运动的情况下，由载料平台实现C轴升降来实现相应效果。
在此基础上，为了进一步提升线切割装置的加工性能和灵活度，切割组件300可以具有Z轴运动功能，具体而言，可在立柱400上开设Z轴滑槽401，切割组件300(的安装框架301)通过滑板302与Z轴滑槽401滑动配合，在立柱400与滑板302之间还设置有升降调整机构(图中未示出)，以实现切割组件300在立柱400上实现Z轴轴向升降，升降调整机构也可以采用丝母丝杠的方式。采用这种方案后，通过Z轴运动可实现切割组件300沿Z方向的调整，而无需配套多种工装，加工高度可以灵活调整，最大限度地匹配加工位置，将线弓对加工精度的影响降到最低。
此外，具体实施过程中，切割组件300可以采用不同的刀头方案，作为一种示例，如图所示，切割组件300可以包括安装框架301安装框架301上设置有用于绕设切割线的切割轮机构，该切割轮机构包括第一切割轮303、第二切割轮304、张力轮305、驱动轮306。其中，第一切割轮303、第二切割轮304、张力轮305、驱动轮306依次间隔设置于安装框架301上，金刚线(图未示出)依次绕过各轮轮沿后分别形成环形丝，安装框架301通过滑板302设置于立柱400上。在使用过程中，驱动轮306用于给切割线网提供动力，带动金刚线运动从而为实现切割提供切削力，第一切割轮303和第二切割轮304分别用于支撑金刚线 沿进给方向切割工件，两个切割轮之间的金刚线的线段为有效切割线长度，张力轮305用于为线网张紧而保持稳定切割张力提供保障。
另外，具体实施时，可在计算机数控(CNC)***的控制下同时协调运动进行加工，多轴联动显示整个切削轨迹过程的刀具轴矢量可根据需要改变，由X、Y、Z轨迹控制轴控制C轴实现，进而逐层去除材料，最终实现空间曲面加工。对于水平X轴、Y轴正交滑台和C轴转台，3轴联动可实现曲面运动，对于带Z轴的方案，再配以刀头进给Z轴，用于调节工件切点位于有效切割线段中点位置，则可实现更优线切割位置的4轴联动加工。
第四具体实施方式
本申请实施例的金刚线切割装置还包括异型防护门，本具体实施方式将对其异性防护门的结构进行详细说明。
实施例4-1
下面结合图17、图18、图19、图20、图21、图22和图23对本申请实施例的异型防护门进行详细说明。如图所示，本申请实施例的异型防护门可以包括助力装置8100、牵引索8200、防护门8300和升降导轨8400。其中，升降导轨8400可以为两侧平行布置的双导轨，防护门8300为一体防护门结构，防护门8300可移动地设置于升降导轨8400上，牵引索8200的一端连接防护门8300，另一端连接助力装置8100，助力装置8100用于通过牵引索8200驱动防护门8300升降，为防护门8300的升降提供一定助力，使得现场操作人员只需要很小的操作力即可完成防护门8300的启用。
助力装置8100可以采用不同的助力形式，例如可以使用重物配重、气缸驱动或者电机驱动等，以实现轻操作力升降，图18、图19和图20分别提供了不同的助力方案。在图18所示的助力方案中，助力装置8100包括定滑轮8101和配重8102，其中定滑轮8101设置于升降导轨8400的顶端，牵引索8200的一端连接防护门8300，另一端绕过定滑轮8101后连接于配重8102，这样在使用过程中，操作人员即可借助助力装置8100(配重8102)实现轻操作力操作。在图19所示的助力方案中，助力装置8100包括定滑轮8101和气缸8105，其中定滑轮8101设置于升降导轨8400的顶端，牵引索8200的一端连接防护门8300，另一端绕过定滑轮8101后连接于气缸8105的活动端，这样在使用过程中，操作人员即可利用助力装置8100(气缸8105)实现轻操作力操作。在图20所示的助力方案中，助力装置8100包括驱动轮8103、电机8104和配重8102，驱动轮8103设置于升降导轨8400的顶端且与电机8104的输出轴驱动连接，牵引索8200的一端连接所述防护门8300，另一端绕过驱动轮8103后连接于配重8102，这样在使用过程中，操作人员即可利用助力装置8100(电机8104)实现轻操作力操作。
另外，牵引索8200具有柔性且能够实现牵引功能即可，例如可以采用钢丝绳、链条或橡胶皮带作为牵引材料，连接防护门8300与助力装置8100。防护门8300可以根据操作区开口的形状，采用Z形、L形等各种异型形状。升降导轨8400可以采用具备良好导向性和抗弯、抗扭性能的直线导轨作为升降导轨，这样能够有效的保持升降防护门8300升降动作的直线性和顺畅度。为了便于操作，防护门8300上可以设置操作把手。
结合图21至图23所示，在具体实施过程中，上述方案主要部分在实现上还可以进一步优化和具体 化。异型防护门可以在总体上包括滑轮总成8110、钢丝绳总成8210、配重总成8120、升降导轨总成8410和防护门8300组成。
为了保障操作流畅和安全，防护门8300的两侧均布置有定滑轮总成8110、钢丝绳总成8210、配重总成8120和升降导轨总成8410。其中，定滑轮总成8110可以主要由滑轮，轴承，固定轴，固定座组成，用于支撑钢丝绳在滑轮内运动，为升降防护门8300和配重总成8120建立力平衡提供支点。
钢丝绳总成8210可以由钢丝绳和锁扣等组成，连接升降防护门8300和配重总成8120，用于传递两部件间的拉力。配重总成8120可以由配重块，导向块，缓存橡胶组成，主要用于平衡升降防护门8300的重量，实现轻操作力升降防护门。升降导轨总成8410可以采用具备良好刚性的低摩擦力直线导轨，为升降防护门8300的动作直线性提供保障。
防护门8300为主力防护件，用于防止切割冷却液溅出设备，并防止切割区高速件飞出，避免造成人员伤亡事故。其上可以设置高强度透明观察窗8301，方便操作人员观察内部工作情况。防护门8300上可以设置挡水条8302、导水檐8303和接水槽8304。其中，挡水条8302可以与防护门8300形成迷宫结构，防止切割冷却液溅出。导水檐8303可以安装在防护门8300上，工作时用于将溅到防护门8300上的切割冷却液导流回切割室内；切割完成后，升起防护门8300时，可以将残余在防护门8300上的切割冷却液号流回切割室，使其不会滴落在操作人员身体上，从而保护操作人员。接水槽8304可以安装在防护门8300上挡水条8302和导水檐8303的下方，这样能够将此三个防护单元未能拦截的飞溅切割冷却液全部收集并送回切割室，防止其流出设备进入操作区地面。
实施例4-2
本申请还提供一种金刚线切割装置实施例，该金刚线切割装置具有切割室，用于容纳切割组件，以在切割室的区域内对工件或棒料进行切割操作，该金刚线切割装置在对应所述切割室的开口位置处安装有如前述实施例中的异型防护门。该异形防护门能够覆盖切割室，保护操作人员的安全，防止切割室内的切割液等溅出等，同时还能提高操作效率。具体效果请见前文说明，此处不再赘述。
结合前述和现有技术可知，现有的推拉式防护门在做成异型结构后，在推拉时，异型结构的拐角处会侵占切割区域空间，并且在拉开后，为了保证切割冷却液不滴落地面，推拉门拉开的方向空间还需要设置与推拉门推拉行程等长的接水槽或加长底座，增加了设备尺寸、重量和成本，浪费了操作空间。而合页打开式防护门设计成异型结构后，在闭合时，就存在密封不严，漏切割冷却液的风险；向外打开时，会造成漏液；向内打开会增大了设备尺寸，增加了设备重量和成本，浪费了操作空间。而本申请实施例的方案通过采用可升降、可助力的一体防护门结构，防护门中间无需借助立柱支撑，操作人员的工作空间和视野更加开阔，升降防护门时只需要很小的操作力即可完成操作，操作更加简便，因此总体上有效提高了现场工作效率，也降低了操作事故的风险。
第五具体实施方式
实施例5-1
本实施方式提供一种线切割控制方法，需要说明的是，该方法可对应第一具体实施方式和第二具体实施方式中的金刚线切割装置执行。
请参阅图24、25，图24为本申请实施例提供的形面切割的结构示意图；图25为本申请实施例提供的线切割控制方法的流程结构示意图。在该具体的实施方式中，本申请提供的线切割控制方法，包括：
S10：获取预设待切割路径，预设待切割路径包括曲线路径；
预设待切割路径可通过在控制***的图像界面内输入切割轨迹图像得到，或者直接在控制***内输入坐标等，同时，预设线弓值可根据预设待切割路径进行设置，如不同的预设待切割路径可均设置统一预设线弓值，或者不同的预设待切割路径分别对应设置不同的预设线弓值。可根据实际需要进行设置，均在本申请的保护范围内。预设待切割路径包括曲线路径，可全部由曲线路径组成，或者由曲线路径和直线路径组成，可根据需要进行设置。
S20：根据预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算得到切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；其中，预设旋转轴可设置在切割组件或载料组件上，根据旋转驱动装置的设置位置确定预设旋转轴。根据切割点的切线角度以及切割点与旋转轴的距离，计算预设旋转轴的旋转角度，以在行进过程中根据行进位置的不同，控制预设旋转轴旋转，使得切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致。而如何根据曲线上的某点的切线角度、以及该点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算该点在曲线中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度的计算为本领域的一种成熟的现有技术。
S30：根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。其中，切割点的实际切割方向即为线弓方向的反方向，实际切割方向也即进给方向。所述的切割轮轮槽的中心线是切割轮槽最凹处(也即正常状态下切割线绕在切割轮上的位置)的圆周线，中心线所在平面即该圆周线所在平面。
可以理解的是，预设旋转轴可设置在切割工具和/或载料平台侧，根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料旋转。
采用本申请实施例中提供的一种线切割控制方法，相较于现有技术，具有以下技术效果：
本申请通过获取预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；并根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料旋转，使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面。由此以根据形面的曲线变化，自动转位调整被切割物料与金刚线行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向与该位置形面切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面，从而维持稳定的线弓，实现线弓的大小和方向可控，避免因金刚线线弓变化导致理论切割图形与实际切割图形不吻合的问题，实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。
其中，上述方法还包括：S40：获取预设线弓值；S50：根据预设待切割路径和预设线弓值，确定切割点在预设待切割路径中的平面行进信息；S60：根据平面行进信息控制切割面和/或待切割物料行进。
平面行进信息包括预设待切割路径中的各切割点在平面直角坐标系中的X、Y轴坐标以及行进速度。或者，平面行进信息包括各切割点在预设待切割路径中的行进距离和行进速度。切割点根据平面行进信息 在形面内进行平面移动。
结合图7所示，图7为本申请实施例提供的平面直角坐标系的结构示意图；优选地，S50之前，上述方法还包括：以旋转轴为坐标系原点建立平面直角坐标系，平面直角坐标系包括X轴和Y轴。由此以简化X轴和Y轴坐标的转算，减小计算误差，提高控制精度。
为了实时对线弓值进行检测及反馈，S60之后，方法还包括：S70：获取当前切割点的实时线弓值；S80：根据当前切割点的实时线弓值校准当前切割点处的平面行进信息，得到当前切割点的实际平面行进信息，并根据实际平面行进信息控制切割点行进。
可以理解的是，根据当前切割点的实时线弓值校准当前切割点处的行进速度，进而调整当前切割点处的线弓大小，使得调整后的线弓等于预设线弓值，或处于预设线弓值合理误差范围内。
实施例5-2
基于上述线切割控制方法，本申请还提供一种线切割控制装置，上述方法和装置对应设置，可相互参照。应对理解的是，该线切割装置与第一具体实施方式、第二具体实施方式中金刚线切割装置的控制组件功能对应，可以视为是同一结构。
该线切割控制装置包括：预设待切割路径获取单元，用于获取预设待切割路径，预设待切割路径包括曲线路径；预设旋转轴的旋转角度计算单元，根据预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算得到切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；切割点旋转角控制单元，根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
在一种实施例中，预设线弓值获取单元，用于获取预设线弓值；平面行进信息确定单元，用于根据预设待切割路径和预设线弓值，确定切割点在预设待切割路径中的平面行进信息；平面行进控制单元，用于根据平面行进信息控制切割面和/或待切割物料行进。
具体的，还包括：实时线弓获取单元，用于获取当前切割点的实时线弓值；平面行进信息校准单元，用于根据当前切割点的实时线弓值校准当前切割点处的平面行进信息，得到当前切割点的实际平面行进信息，并触发平面行进控制单元动作；平面行进控制单元，用于根据实际平面行进信息控制切割点行进。
下面结合前述第一、第二具体实施方式中的金刚线切割装置，来说明本实施方式的线切割控制装置的具体效果和原理。
如前所述，金刚线切割装置还包括：切割组件300，用于切割待切割物料；载料组件1，用于对带切割物料进行夹持固定。线切割控制装置分别与切割组件300和载料组件1连接，线切割控制装置用于根据预设待切割路径以及预设线弓值控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
如图5所示，切割组件300包括切割面板、位于切割面板上的驱动装置(驱动导轮)、两个相对设置的切割轮，切割线分别绕过两个切割轮和一个驱动导轮，以形成切割线网。在其他实施例中，也可以根据 需要设置导轮，可根据实际需要进行切割组件300的设置，均在本申请的保护范围内。金刚线运行方式可以为长线往复式，也可以为环形丝单向式。主要作用是通过金刚线高速运转完成对物料的切割。
本申请通过获取预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算切割点在预设待切割路径中对应的预设旋转轴的旋转角度；并根据预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料旋转，使切割点的实际切割方向与预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面。由此以根据形面的曲线变化，自动转位调整被切割物料与金刚线行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向与该位置形面切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面，从而维持稳定的线弓，实现线弓的大小和方向可控，避免因金刚线线弓变化导致理论切割图形与实际切割图形不吻合的问题，实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。
可以理解的是，为了实现平面移动以及旋转运动，可分别在载料组件1和/或切割组件300上设置平面动力驱动组件和旋转动力驱动组件2。如图6所示，图6为本申请另一实施例提供的线切割控制装置的结构示意图；在该实施例1-1中，旋转动力驱动组件2设置在切割组件300上，平面动力驱动组件设置在载料组件1上；如图5所示，图5为本申请另一实施例提供的线切割控制装置的结构示意图；在该实施例1-2中，旋转动力驱动组件2设置在载料组件1上，平面动力驱动组件设置在切割组件300上；而平面动力驱动组件包括第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4，以进行X轴和Y轴的移动，对于第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4的设置，也可以全部设置在切割组件300或载料组件1上；或者在另一实施例中，将第一方向驱动组件3和第二方向驱动组件4分别设置在切割组件300和载料组件1上，其具体的设置方式根据需要进行设置，均在本申请的保护范围内。
第一方向驱动组件3由驱动伺服电机、滚珠丝杠、直线导轨组成。其主要功能是驱动载料平台沿X轴做精确的往复直线运动。与Y轴联动，可以使载料平台做精确可控的曲线运动。第二方向驱动组件4由驱动伺服电机、滚珠丝杠、直线导轨组成。其主要功能是驱动载料平台延Y轴做精确的往复直线运动。与X轴联动，可以使载料平台做精确可控的曲线运动。旋转动力驱动组件2由驱动伺服电机、联轴器、旋转轴承箱组成。其主要功能是根据切割曲线角度带动夹持装置做相应角度的旋转。
在X轴、Y轴以外加入了旋转轴。在切割时，根据形面的曲线变化，切割刀具或者被切割物料会自动转位调整行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向都与该位置形面切线方向保持一致，从而维持固定的切割线弓，实现线弓的方向和大小可控。
本申请还包括角度检测组件，分别与控制组件和旋转轴驱动组件连接，用以检测切割组件300的旋转角度。以能够与旋转动力件的旋转角度进行对比，并反馈至控制组件进行判断以及调节。
同时，本申请还包括线弓检测组件，位于切割组件300上，线弓检测组件与控制组件连接，用以实时检测切割组件300的线弓值并反馈至控制组件，控制组件根据检测到的线弓值控制切割过程中的行进速度，进而实时调整线弓值与预设线弓值相等。在另一实施例中，线弓检测组件可设置在载料组件1上，可根据需要进行设置传感器的类型，优选为非接触式传感器，以减少对切割线的干扰。
在一种具体实施例中，采用物料两轴联动进给，也可以采用切割刀具两轴联动进给的切割方式。将旋转轴建立在夹持被切割物料的载物台上。切割前，根据不同的物料属性设定线弓大小，即理论位置与金刚 线实际位置的偏差值。切割时，在X轴、Y轴联动进给的同时，通过控制程序的算法，载物平台带动被切割物料根据行走曲线旋转一定角度，使每个点的切割方向都与该位置形面切线方向保持一致，从而保证线弓弯曲方向和大小始终保持不变，实现对线弓方向和大小的有效控制，达到使用金刚线进行形面精确切割的目的。
上述装置实现了三轴运动，相比原技术增加了旋转轴运动，可以通过三轴联动，调整金刚线进给的方向和角度，使切割丝受力方向和大小始终保持不变；能够实现对金刚线切割线弓方向和大小的有效控制，而直线单轴切割和传统的两轴十字载料平台加工技术无法有效控制线弓方向和大小；通过三轴联动，能够有效控制切割丝的行走位置，提高进给精度，实现物料的精密形面加工。使金刚线受力方向和大小得到有效控制，能够降低甚至杜绝传统切割技术普遍存在的金刚线断线、金刚线脱线、切割导轮磨损过快和意外切坏等问题的发生频率，提高各个零部件的使用寿命，降低使用成本。
本申请实现了对金刚线切割线弓方向和大小的有效控制，能够更加精确的进行形面切割，再结合金刚线切割高效率的技术特性，能够实现高效、精确的数控形面切割。金刚线线弓方向和大小得到有效控制后，金刚线在切割过程中的无序游走和震动等无效切割问题会得到有效控制，既提高了断面质量，又可以有效降低金刚线无效切割造成的自身磨损，提高切割效率和使用寿命，进一步降低使用成本。
本申请提供一种设备，包括存储器和处理器，以及存储在存储器上且能够在处理器上运行的计算机程序，处理器执行计算机程序时，实现上述实施例任一项的线切割控制方法的步骤。
本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，当计算机程序被处理器执行时，实现上述实施例任一项的线切割控制方法的步骤。
第六具体实施方式
本实施方式提供一种线切割控制方法，需要说明的是，该方法可对应第三具体实施方式中的金刚线切割装置执行。
下面结合图26、图27、图28、图29以及图8、图9、图10，对本申请实施例的线切割控制方法进行详细说明。为便于说明和描述，下面首先介绍线切割装置的总体组成，如图所示，该线切割装置可以包括载料平台100、切割组件300、立柱400、底座500。其中，立柱400设置于底座500上的第一位置，切割组件300设置于立柱400上，载料平台100设置于底座500上的第二位置。
载料平台100可以包括工作平台101、Y轴平台102、X轴平台103、C轴转台105、B轴转台，其中，X轴平台103的底部设置于底座500的第二位置，Y轴平台102可移动地设置于X轴平台103上，工作平台101可移动地设置于Y轴平台102上，B轴转台包括固定部106和转动部107，转动部107可转动地设置于固定部106上，固定部106设置于工作平台101上，C轴转台105设置于转动部107上，C轴转台105用于承载和夹持待加工物料200。另外切割组件300具有Z轴联动功能，即其可在立柱400上升降，以与其他各轴实现联动。其中，X轴和Y轴的轴向方向垂直，Z轴分别垂直于X轴和Y轴的轴向方向，B轴与Y轴的轴向方向平行，C轴和Z轴的轴向方向垂直。具体实施过程中，C轴转台105上可以设置工装104，以方便对待加工物料200的承载和夹持。
值得说明的是，为了方便实施例的清晰阐述，在实施例附图中给出了X轴、Y轴、Z轴、B轴和C轴 的具体方向，但根据本申请的设计精神，实质并不限定各轴方向与实施例中保持一致，只要X轴、Y轴和Z轴作为平移轴，各自轴向两两垂直，B轴和C轴作为旋转轴，B轴与C轴轴向垂直即可。
在工作过程中，可通过调整工作平台101在Y轴平台102以及在X轴平台103的位置，以及调整B轴转台和C轴转台105的转动状态，进而使C轴转台105上的待加工物料200以预定的进给路线和角度靠近切割组件300的金刚线切割部位，从而实现待加工物料200的异性曲面加工。具体实施时，工件(对应于待切割物料200)在X轴Y轴两轴联动驱动下可以相对切割组件的的金刚线相对运动，配合切割组件的Z轴移动，X轴、Y轴、Z轴、B轴、C轴可以同时联动，分别实现多轴联动，这种多轴联动至少包括X轴方向的平移、Y轴方向的平移及围绕C轴的转动，或者至少包括围绕X轴方向的平移、Y轴方向的平移、Z轴的平移、围绕B轴的转动及围绕C轴的转动，以此达到实现规划切割路径的运动，异形曲面的加工可通过金刚线有效切割段的路径规划来实现，在整个切割过程中，金刚线在切割组件轮系平面上运动从而得到相对于工件(对应于待切割物料200)的走线运动，当工件相对金刚线有效切割段运动时，金刚线去除工件材料从而以规划路径实现异型面的切割。
本申请实施例的线切割控制方法用于上述具有切割组件300和载料平台100的线切割装置，切割组件300和载料平台100具有多轴联动功能，控制方法包括如下步骤：根据待加工物料200的曲面加工目标，确定各轴联动的运行轨迹；根据所述运行轨迹控制各轴运动，实现待加工物料的复杂曲面加工；其中，X轴和Y轴联动实现曲面运动，B轴用于实现空间曲面形状，C轴在B轴的基础上进行，用于实现曲面加工以及保持切点跟踪。在切割过程中，根据欲获得成品的曲面变化，通过载料平台100的直线轴和旋转轴与金刚线切割组件300的直线轴的配合运动，调整被切割物料与金刚线切割组件300的接触位置、接触角度、进给位置、进给角度、进给行程等参数，使被切割物料与金刚线的每个接触切割点的行走方向始终与该位置曲面切线方向保持一致，从而实现在金刚线线弓的方向和大小可控的情况下，精确完成立体曲面的切割。
结合前述以及现有技术的情况可知，现有的异形曲面加工采用数控机床加工方式，对于将较大面加工成很小的面时，需要对工件进行逐层去除，加工效率低，相比于传统数控机床加工，本申请实施例的方案采用具有金刚线的切割组件作为切割工具，能够通过两轴联动进行插补运动，利用金刚线切开曲面工件去除多余材料，无需逐层去除，最终利用特定走刀路径获得期望加工型面，采用金刚线切割时，对于较复杂形面，切割组件多次走刀，进行轮廓加工，修出曲面，对于简单曲面，可一次切割成形，明显提高了加工效率和加工质量；与未采用C轴功能的柔性加工方法相比，本申请实施例的方案在运动上更加灵活，尤其适合加工回转体类二维曲面，具体而言，尽管X/Y联动能够加工得到刀头两侧各半圆周的型面，但由于刀头无法穿越工件下方支撑工装，圆柱型面无法实现闭合，然而增设C轴后，当X轴和Y轴联动到设定位置并切入工件后，直接通过C轴回转运动即可以实现圆柱曲面的加工，加工型面闭合并且可以获得加好的加工精度。另外，C轴回转是在B轴回转轴上运动实现的，其中B轴可以正负两个方向摆动0-90°范围，C轴可以绕自身轴线回转0-360°，并且可以实现正反两个方向的连续旋转；为了规避加工中金刚线与回转工作台的干涉，可以在回转工作台上方设置工装104，工件置于工装上方，工件连同工装置于回转工作台的C轴上，并且工件和工装、工作台C轴同轴设置，这样可以保证C轴回转时工件同轴转动，从而实现回转轴与直线轴的联动。此外，本申请实施例的方案有效拓展了金刚线切割的适用场景。
需要说明的是，前述实施例中，切割组件300和载料平台100具有多轴联动功能是指切割组件300和载料平台100这二者在总体上具备多轴联动功能，即在加工过程中具备多轴轴向运动自由度，并且能够根据加工的需要实施不同轴向运动自由度，从而在整体上完成预定的加工轨迹。从前述实施例可知，在多轴联动功能中，例如具备XYZBC五轴联动功能时，切割组件300具备Z轴功能，而载料平台具备XYBC轴功能；但在其他实施例中并不受限于此，也可以是切割组件300具备多种轴功能，而载料平台具备其中一种或者剩余种类的轴功能。
采用本申请实施例的方案后，在切割时，根据形面的曲线变化，切割刀具或者被切割物料会自动转位调整行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向都与该位置形面切线方向保持一致，从而维持固定的切割线弓，实现线弓的方向和大小可控。按照传统切割方法进行加工时，金刚线切割刀具不动，被切割物料通过数控程序的控制，沿X轴、Y轴运动，由两联动形成运动曲线，实现形面切割。传统切割方法在进行两轴联动切割时，金刚线受到被切割物料的阻力，会沿着切割点的曲线切线方向产生线弓。由于切割刀具不动，切割轮槽中线就会与线弓弯曲方向产生偏差夹角。随着曲线形状的变化，金刚线受到的阻力大小和方向都会发生变化，线弓的弯曲方向和大小也会随着发生变化，使得偏差夹角的大小和方向不固定，从而造成切割轨迹不准确。而本申请实施例的方案针对上述问题，在X轴、Y轴以外加入了旋转轴，通过被切割物料的转动实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。在切割时，被切割物料会根据形面的曲线变化自动转位调整行走的角度，使金刚线行走的每个切割点方向都与该位置形面切线方向保持一致，从而维持固定的切割线弓，实现线弓的方向和大小可控，避免因为金刚线线弓导致理论切割图形与实际切割图形不吻合的问题，实现金刚线的高精度形面切割。
具体实施过程中，为更好实现X轴平台103和Y轴平台102的运动性能，可在X轴平台103的顶部设置第一滑道，相应地在Y轴平台102的底部设置第一滑块部，该第一滑块部与该第一滑道滑动配合；另外可在Y轴平台102的顶部设置第二滑道，在工作平台101的底部设置第二滑块部，第二滑块部与第二滑道滑动配合。为了实现X轴向、Y轴向运动的调整控制以及C轴平台的回转控制，载料平台还可以包括设置于X轴平台103与Y轴平台102之间的X轴向驱动机构、设置于Y轴平台102与工作平台101之间的Y轴向驱动机构、设置于所述工作平台与所述B轴转台之间的B轴向回转机构以及设置于工作平台101与C轴转台105之间的C轴向回转机构，轴向驱动机构可以采用丝母丝杠的方式实现，B轴向回转机构和C轴回转机构可以采用电机驱动的方式实现。在切割控制方法中，控制X轴、Y轴、B轴和C轴的运动分别通过控制X轴向驱动机构、Y轴向驱动机构、B轴向回转机构和C轴向回转机构的状态实现。
在此基础上，为了进一步提升线切割装置的加工性能和灵活度，可以优选切割组件300具有Z轴联动功能，具体而言，可在立柱400上开设Z轴滑槽401，切割组件300(的安装框架301)通过滑板302与Z轴滑槽401滑动配合(其他实施例中也可以是滑块和导轨的配合形式)，在立柱400与滑板302之间还设置有升降调整机构(图中未示出)，以实现切割组件300在立柱400上实现Z轴轴向升降。升降调整机构可以通过伺服电机驱动高精密滚珠丝杠，配合高精密直线导轨，使切割组件在Z轴方向做精确运动。采用这种方案后，通过Z轴运动可实现切割组件300沿Z方向的调整，而无需配套多种工装，加工高度可以灵活调整，最大限度地匹配加工位置，将线弓对加工精度的影响降到最低。
切割组件具有Z轴功能后，在线切割控制方法中，Z轴可以用于调节工件切点位于有效切割线段的中点位置，控制Z轴的运动可通过控制所述升降调整机构的状态实现。即本申请实施例的控制方法能够实现五轴空间多轴联动加工，五轴为X轴、Y轴、Z轴、B轴、C轴，B轴：绕Y轴方向旋转，C轴：绕Z轴方向旋转。以环线为例，利用数控***实现基于NC的环形金刚线切割轨迹规划，以及基于CAM的加工路径程序编制。水平X轴、Y轴正交滑台，两轴联动可实现曲面运动，在此基础上，增加两个方向转动，即B、C 2个轴，C轴是建立在B轴的基础上，B轴开口摆动，用于实现空间曲面形状，C轴转动并且可360°往复或叠加转动，用于实现曲面加工并保证切点跟踪，再配以刀头进给Z轴，用于调节工件切点位于有效切割线段中点位置，则五轴基于NC的环形金刚线切割轨迹规划，以及CAM的加工路径程序编制配合联动实现复杂形面加工。
另外，传统切割方法在进行两轴联动切割时，金刚线受到被切割物料的阻力，会沿着切割点的曲线切线方向产生线弓，在加工曲面时，当通过Y轴侧向配合X轴进给运动时，金刚线受侧向力易从轮槽中蹦出来即产生跳线现象，即使不跳线，当金刚线受力方向反向变化时，线会打卷，使切割表面产生异常的痕迹，影响切割表面质量。在切削过程中，金刚线与工件一直处于很不稳定的位置关系，使得切削过程存在跳线、加工表面质量差问题，因此更好的方法是让刀头始终是沿着进给方向进行摆动，使金刚线一直压着走刀方向进行切割，即切点跟踪方法。本申请实施例的方案能够使金刚线一直压着走刀方向进行切割，此种状态下轮槽对线的把持力最好，使加工精度及质量均提高，而且采用五轴空间多轴联动可做三维异形复杂曲面加工，如二维曲线、曲面加工，三维圆柱、圆锥等其他形状加工。
此外，具体实施过程中，切割组件300可以采用不同的刀头方案，作为一种示例，如图所示，切割组件300可以包括安装框架301、第一切割轮303、第二切割轮304、张力轮305、驱动轮306、金刚线(图未示出)。其中，第一切割轮303、第二切割轮304、张力轮305、驱动轮306依次间隔设置于安装框架301上，金刚线依次绕过各轮轮沿后分别形成环形丝，安装框架301通过滑板302设置于立柱400上。在使用过程中，驱动轮306用于给切割线网提供动力，带动金刚线运动从而为实现切割提供切削力，第一切割轮303和第二切割轮304分别用于支撑金刚线沿进给方向切割工件，两个切割轮之间的金刚线的线段为有效切割线长度，张力轮305用于为线网张紧而保持稳定切割张力提供保障。
另外，具体实施时，可在计算机数控(CNC)***的控制下同时协调运动进行加工，多轴联动显示整个切削轨迹过程的刀具轴矢量可根据需要改变，由X、Y、Z轨迹控制轴控制B轴、C轴实现，进而逐层去除材料，最终实现空间曲面加工。对于水平X轴、Y轴正交滑台和B轴、C轴转台，四轴联动可实现曲面运动，对于带Z轴的方案，再配以刀头进给Z轴，用于调节工件切点位于有效切割线段中点位置，则可实现更优线切割位置的五轴联动加工。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (37)

  1. 一种金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，包括：
    切割组件，用于切割待切割物料；
    载料组件，用于对待切割物料进行夹持固定；
    控制组件，分别与所述切割组件和所述载料组件连接，所述控制组件用于根据预设待切割路径控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使切割点的实际切割方向与所述预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，所述标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，还包括旋转动力驱动组件，所述旋转动力驱动组件包括：
    旋转动力件，与所述控制组件连接；
    旋转驱动件，一端与所述旋转动力件连接，另一端与所述切割组件连接；
    所述控制组件控制所述旋转动力件动作，以驱动所述旋转驱动件带动所述切割组件转动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述载料组件与所述控制组件连接，用以控制所述载料组件沿所述预设待切割路径行进。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述载料组件包括：
    载料平台；
    夹持组件，用于对待切割物料进行夹持；所述夹持组件位于所述载料平台上；
    所述控制组件与所述载料平台连接，用以控制所述载料平台沿所述预设待切割路径行进。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一方向驱动组件，位于所述载料平台的底部，其中，第一方向平行于切割组件的切割线所在平面设置；所述第一方向驱动组件与所述控制组件连接，以带动所述载料平台沿第一方向移动；
    第二方向驱动组件，位于所述载料平台的底部，其中，第二方向垂直于切割组件的切割线所在平面设置；所述第二方向驱动组件与所述控制组件连接，以带动所述载料平台沿第二方向移动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述第二方向驱动组件固定于所述载料平台的底部，所述第一方向驱动组件固定于所述第二方向驱动组件的底部。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述旋转动力件为伺服电机；
    所述旋转驱动件为齿轮轴驱动机构，所述伺服电机的输出端与所述齿轮轴驱动机构的一端连接，所述齿轮轴驱动机构的另一端与所述切割组件固定连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，还包括旋转动力驱动组件，所述旋转动力驱动组件包括：
    旋转动力件，与所述控制组件连接；
    旋转驱动件，一端与所述旋转动力件连接，另一端与所述载料组件连接；
    所述控制组件控制所述旋转动力件动作，以驱动所述旋转驱动件带动所述载料组件转动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述切割组件与所述控制组件连接，用以 控制所述切割组件沿所述预设物料进给路径行进。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    角度检测组件，分别与所述控制组件和所述旋转轴驱动组件连接，用以检测所述切割组件的旋转角度。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    线弓检测组件，位于所述切割组件上，所述线弓检测组件与所述控制组件连接，用以实时检测所述切割组件的线弓值并反馈至所述控制组件。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述控制组件包括：
    预设待切割路径获取单元，用于获取预设待切割路径，所述预设待切割路径包括曲线路径；
    预设旋转轴的旋转角度计算单元，用于根据所述预设待切割路径得到各所述切割点的切线角度、所述切割点与所述预设旋转轴的距离，计算得到所述切割点在所述预设待切割路径中对应的所述预设旋转轴的旋转角度；
    切割点旋转角控制单元，用于根据所述预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕预设旋转轴旋转，以使所述切割点的实际切割方向与所述预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，所述标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述控制组件还包括：
    预设线弓值获取单元，用于获取预设线弓值；
    平面行进信息确定单元，用于根据所述预设待切割路径和所述预设线弓值，确定所述切割点在所述预设待切割路径中的平面行进信息；
    平面行进控制单元，用于根据所述平面行进信息控制切割面和/或待切割物料行进。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述控制组件还包括：
    实时线弓获取单元，用于获取当前切割点的实时线弓值；
    实际平面行进信息确定单元，用于根据所述当前切割点的实时线弓值校准所述当前切割点处的所述平面行进信息，得到所述当前切割点的实际平面行进信息，并触发所述平面行进控制单元动作；
    所述平面行进控制单元，用于根据所述实际平面行进信息控制所述切割点行进。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述金刚线切割装置为卧式金刚线切割机。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，包括底座和载料平台，所述切割组件设置于所述底座上方，所述载料平台与切割组件对应设置，所述载料平台包括设置于所述底座上的X轴平台，所述X轴平台沿X轴方向延伸；
    设置于X轴平台上并能够沿所述X轴方向移动的Y轴平台，所述Y轴平台沿Y轴方向延伸，所述X轴方向与所述Y轴方向垂直；
    设置于Y轴平台上并能够沿所述Y轴方向移动的B轴转台，所述B轴转台能够绕B轴方向转动，所述B轴方向与所述Y轴方向平行；
    以及设置于B轴转台上并能够绕C轴方向转动的C轴转台，所述C轴转台用于承载夹持待加工物料，所述C轴方向垂直于所述B轴方向。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，包括底座和载料平台，所述切割组件设置于所述底座上方，所述载料平台包括设置于所述底座上的X轴平台，所述X轴平台沿X轴方向延伸；
    设置于X轴平台并能够沿所述X轴方向移动的Y轴平台，所述Y轴平台沿Y轴方向延伸，所述X轴方向与所述Y轴方向垂直；
    以及能够沿所述Y轴方向移动地设置于Y轴平台的工作平台，所述工作平台用于承载夹持待加工物料。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，包括底座和载料平台，所述切割组件设置于所述底座上方，所述载料平台包括设置于所述底座上的X轴平台，所述X轴平台沿X轴方向延伸；
    设置于X轴平台上并能够沿所述X轴方向移动的Y轴平台，所述Y轴平台沿Y轴方向延伸，所述X轴方向与所述Y轴方向垂直；
    以及设置于Y轴平台上并能够沿Y轴移动的C轴转台，所述C轴转台用于承载夹持待加工物料，且所述C轴转台能够绕C轴方向转动，所述C轴方向垂直于所述X轴方向和所述Y轴方向。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，具有切割室，对应所述切割室的开口位置处安装有异型防护门；
    所述异型防护门包括安装在金刚线切割装置上的升降导轨，设置于所述升降导轨上的防护门以及用于驱动所述防护门在所述升降导轨上移动的助力装置；其中，所述防护门的截面形状为折线形，覆盖所述金刚线切割装置的切割室并匹配所述金刚线切割装置的轮廓。
  20. 一种线切割控制方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取预设待切割路径，所述预设待切割路径包括曲线路径；
    根据所述预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及所述切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算得到所述切割点在所述预设待切割路径中对应的所述预设旋转轴的旋转角度；
    根据所述预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕所述预设旋转轴旋转，以使所述切割点的实际切割方向与所述预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，所述标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    获取预设线弓值；根据所述预设待切割路径和所述预设线弓值，确定所述切割点在所述预设待切割路径中的平面行进信息；根据所述平面行进信息控制切割面和/或待切割物料行进。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述平面行进信息控制切割面和/或待切割物料行进之后，所述方法还包括：获取当前切割点的实时线弓值；根据所述当前切割点的实时线弓值校准所述当前切割点处的所述平面行进信息，得到所述当前切割点的实际平面行进信息，并根据所述实际平面行进信息控制所述切割点行进。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述平面行进信息包括所述预设待切割路 径中的各切割点在平面直角坐标系中的X、Y轴坐标以及行进速度。
  24. 根据权利要求20所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述预设待切割路径和所述预设线弓值，确定所述切割点在所述预设待切割路径中的平面行进信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    以所述预设旋转轴为坐标系原点建立平面直角坐标系，所述平面直角坐标系包括X轴和Y轴。
  25. 一种线切割控制方法，应用于金刚线切割装置，其特征在于，所述金刚线切割装置设置有可多轴联动的切割组件和载料组件，所述载料组件包括载料平台和用于夹持待切割物料的夹持组件；所述夹持组件位于所述载料平台上；所述控制方法包括：根据待加工物料的曲面加工目标，确定各轴联动的运行轨迹；根据所述运行轨迹控制各轴运动，实现待加工物料的曲面加工；其中，所述多轴联动至少包括围绕X轴方向的平移、Y轴方向的平移、Z轴方向的平移、围绕B轴的转动及围绕C轴的转动；X轴和Y轴的轴向方向垂直，Z轴分别垂直于X轴和Y轴的轴向方向，B轴与Y轴的轴向方向平行，C轴和B轴的轴向方向垂直。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述载料平台具有X轴、Y轴、B轴和C轴联动功能。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，在所述线切割装置中，所述载料平台包括设置于底座上的X轴平台、设置于X轴平台上的Y轴平台、设置于Y轴平台上的B轴转台以及设置于B轴转台上的C轴转台，所述C轴转台用于承载夹持待加工物料。
  28. 如权利要求26所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述切割组件具有Z轴联动功能，Z轴联动用于调节工件切点位于有效切割线段的中点位置。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，在所述线切割装置中，立柱设置于底座上，所述立柱上开设有Z轴滑槽，所述切割组件通过滑板与所述Z轴滑槽滑动配合。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述线切割装置还包括设置于所述立柱与所述滑板之间的升降调整机构；在所述控制方法中，控制Z轴的运动通过控制所述升降调整机构的状态实现。
  31. 如权利要求27所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述载料平台还包括工作平台，所述工作平台设置于所述Y轴平台上，所述B轴转台包括相连接的固定部和转动部，所述固定部设置于所述工作平台上，所述C轴转台设置于所述转动部上。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述X轴平台的顶部设置有第一滑道，所述Y轴平台的底部设置有第一滑块部，所述第一滑块部与所述第一滑道滑动配合。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述Y轴平台的顶部设置有第二滑道，所述工作平台的底部设置有第二滑块部，所述第二滑块部与所述第二滑道滑动配合。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的线切割控制方法，其特征在于，所述载料平台还包括设置于所述X轴平台与所述Y轴平台之间的X轴向驱动机构、设置于所述Y轴平台与所述工作平台之间的Y轴向驱动机构、设置于所述工作平台与所述B轴转台之间的B轴向回转机构以及设置于所述B轴转台与所述C轴转台之间的C轴向回转机构；在所述控制方法中，控制X轴、Y轴、B轴和C轴的运动分别通过控制X轴向驱动机构、 Y轴向驱动机构、B轴向回转机构和C轴向回转机构的状态实现。
  35. 一种线切割控制装置，其特征在于，包括：
    预设待切割路径获取单元，用于获取预设待切割路径，所述预设待切割路径包括曲线路径；
    预设旋转轴的旋转角度计算单元，根据所述预设待切割路径分别得到切割点的切线角度以及所述切割点与预设旋转轴的距离，计算得到所述切割点在所述预设待切割路径中对应的所述预设旋转轴的旋转角度；
    切割点旋转角控制单元，根据所述预设旋转轴的旋转角度控制切割面和/或待切割物料绕所述预设旋转轴旋转，以使所述切割点的实际切割方向与所述预设待切割路径中切割点处的切线方向一致，且与标准切割面共面；其中，所述标准切割面为切割轮轮槽的中心线所在平面。
  36. 一种设备，包括存储器和处理器，以及存储在所述存储器上且能够在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时，实现权利要求20-24任一项所述的线切割控制方法的步骤。
  37. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，实现权利要求20-24任一项所述的线切割控制方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2023/103801 2022-06-30 2023-06-29 一种金刚线切割装置、线切割控制方法及装置 WO2024002233A1 (zh)

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