WO2023284141A1 - 双电机驱动***及应用 - Google Patents

双电机驱动***及应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023284141A1
WO2023284141A1 PCT/CN2021/123086 CN2021123086W WO2023284141A1 WO 2023284141 A1 WO2023284141 A1 WO 2023284141A1 CN 2021123086 W CN2021123086 W CN 2021123086W WO 2023284141 A1 WO2023284141 A1 WO 2023284141A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
motor
input shaft
motor drive
clutch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/123086
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张恒先
周之光
耿丽珍
叶远龙
田蕾
Original Assignee
奇瑞汽车股份有限公司
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Application filed by 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 filed Critical 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023284141A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023284141A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/32—Control or regulation of multiple-unit electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automobile drive, in particular to a dual-motor drive system and its application.
  • the invention provides a dual-motor drive system and its application.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-motor drive system, the system includes: a first motor, a second motor, a first input shaft, a third input shaft, a second input shaft, an output shaft, and a planetary row mechanism, first driving gear, second driving gear and first clutch;
  • the first input shaft is connected to the first motor, the first clutch and the planetary mechanism are mounted on the first input shaft, and a part of the first clutch is connected to the first input shaft , the other part of the first clutch is connected with the planetary mechanism;
  • the first driving gear is installed on the output end of the second input shaft, and the input end of the second input shaft is connected to the planetary mechanism;
  • the third input shaft is connected to the second motor, and the second driving gear is mounted on the third input shaft;
  • the output shaft is used to receive the power output by the first driving gear and the second driving gear.
  • the planetary mechanism includes a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears, a planet carrier and a ring gear;
  • Each of the planetary gears meshes with the outer round teeth of the sun gear and the inner round teeth of the ring gear respectively, and each of the planetary gears is rotatably arranged on the planetary gear shelf;
  • a part of the first clutch is connected to the first input shaft, and another part of the first clutch is connected to the planet carrier;
  • the ring gear is connected to the housing through a one-way clutch to prevent the first input shaft from reversing;
  • the planet carrier is connected to the second input shaft.
  • the system also includes a second clutch
  • the second clutch is mounted on the third input shaft.
  • the system further includes a first driven gear, a second driven gear, an output gear and a differential;
  • the first driven gear, the second driven gear and the output gear are mounted on the output shaft;
  • the first driven gear meshes with the first driving gear to receive the power output by the first driving gear
  • the second driven gear meshes with the second driving gear to receive the power output by the second driving gear
  • the output gear is connected to the differential for transmitting power to the wheels.
  • the system also includes an inverter and a battery;
  • One end of the inverter is electrically connected to the battery, and the other end is electrically connected to the first motor and the second motor connected in parallel.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a motor drive system, including: a planetary gear mechanism, a first motor, a first clutch and a wheel shaft;
  • the planetary row mechanism includes a sun gear, a ring gear, a plurality of planetary gears, a planet carrier, and a first input shaft;
  • the sun gear and the ring gear are arranged concentrically, a plurality of planetary gears are located between the sun gear and the ring gear, and mesh with the sun gear and the ring gear, and the planet carrier is connected to multiple The planetary gears are connected, and the first input shaft is coaxially connected with the sun gear;
  • the first motor is connected to the first input shaft
  • the first clutch is connected with the first input shaft, and is used to connect or disconnect the planet carrier with the first input shaft;
  • the wheel shaft is in transmission connection with the planet carrier.
  • the driving part of the first clutch is connected with the first input shaft, and the driven part of the first clutch is connected with the planet carrier.
  • the motor drive system further includes a speed change mechanism, the speed change mechanism includes a second input shaft, an output shaft and a speed change gear set, and the second input shaft and the output shaft are connected through the speed change gear set ;
  • the second input shaft is connected to the planet carrier, and the output shaft is connected to the wheel shaft in transmission.
  • the transmission gear set includes a first input gear and a first output gear, the first input gear is coaxially connected with the second input shaft, and the first output gear is coaxial with the output shaft connect.
  • the speed change mechanism further includes a third input shaft, and the third input shaft is connected to the output shaft through the transmission gear set;
  • the motor drive system also includes a second motor connected to the third input shaft.
  • the transmission gear set further includes a second input gear and a second output gear, the second input gear is coaxially connected with the third input shaft, and the second output gear is coaxial with the output shaft. shaft connection.
  • the motor drive system also includes a second clutch
  • the second motor is connected to the third input shaft through the second clutch.
  • the motor drive system also includes a differential and an output gear
  • the output shaft is in transmission connection with the differential through the output gear, and the differential is connected with the wheel shaft.
  • the motor drive system further includes a one-way clutch, and the ring gear is connected to the vehicle body through the one-way clutch.
  • the motor drive system also includes an inverter and a battery;
  • the battery is electrically connected to the first motor and the second motor through the inverter.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides the application of the system in the first aspect above in vehicle driving, and the application modes of the system include: single-motor drive mode, dual-motor drive mode, reverse mode and energy recovery mode.
  • the first motor does not work, the first clutch is disconnected, the second clutch is closed, the battery is discharged, the inverter supplies power to the second motor, and the second motor drives the third input shaft to rotate, and then transmits the power to the second motor in turn.
  • the second motor does not work, the first clutch is closed, the second clutch is disconnected, the battery is discharged, and the inverter supplies power to the first motor, and the first motor Drive the first input shaft, the planet carrier and the sun gear to rotate simultaneously, and then transmit the power to the second input shaft, the first driving gear, the first driven gear, the output shaft, the output gear and the differential in sequence device, thereby driving the wheel to rotate;
  • the second motor does not work, the first clutch is disconnected, the second clutch is disconnected, the battery is discharged, and the inverter supplies power to the first motor, and the first The motor drives the first input shaft to rotate, and then transmits the power to the sun gear, multiple planetary gears, the planet carrier, the second input shaft, the first driving gear, the first slave driven gear, the output shaft, the output gear and the differential, thereby driving the wheels to rotate.
  • the first clutch is disconnected, the second clutch is closed, the battery is discharged, the inverter supplies power to the first motor and the second motor, and the first motor drives the first input shaft to rotate, and then the power is sequentially transmitted to the sun gear,
  • first clutch is closed
  • second clutch is closed
  • the battery is discharged
  • the inverter supplies power to the first motor and the second motor
  • first motor drives the second motor.
  • An input shaft, the planet carrier and the sun gear rotate simultaneously, and then the power is sequentially transmitted to the second input shaft, the first driving gear, the first driven gear, the output shaft, the output gear and the
  • the differential gear drives the third input shaft to rotate through the second motor, and then transmits the power to the second driving gear, the second driven gear, the output shaft, the output gear and The differential, so that the first motor and the second motor jointly drive the wheels to rotate.
  • the first motor does not work, the first clutch is disconnected, the second clutch is closed, the battery is discharged, the inverter supplies power to the second motor, the second motor reverses, and the second motor drives the third input shaft to rotate , and then the power is sequentially transmitted to the second driving gear, the second driven gear, the output shaft, the output gear and the differential, thereby driving the wheels to rotate and realizing reversing.
  • the first motor does not work, the first clutch is disconnected, the second clutch is closed, the second motor is controlled to turn on the power generation mode, and the wheels transmit power to the differential, the output gear, the output shaft, the second driven gear, and the second driving gear in sequence.
  • the gear and the third input shaft transmit the kinetic energy to the second motor, and the second motor converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery via the inverter.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned vehicle hybrid powertrain.
  • the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has two power sources of the first motor and the second motor, and by applying it to automobile driving, it can realize single-motor drive mode, dual-motor drive mode, reversing mode and energy recovery Mode and other modes, by setting the planetary gear mechanism, the switch of five forward gears can be realized, and the distribution of power can be optimized according to different driving conditions, so as to reduce energy consumption and provide strong power at the same time.
  • the single-motor pure electric drive mode is used in the stage of vehicle acceleration and low-speed driving; in the medium-speed and high-speed stages, when the load of the vehicle system is high, the dual-motor drive mode is used .
  • the above two modes take advantage of the characteristics of fast motor response, high torque at low speed and low torque at high speed to improve power efficiency.
  • the use of dual-motor drive uses the different speed ratios of the two gears to make the motor always work in the high-efficiency zone.
  • the one-way clutch can not only prevent the reverse rotation of the first motor, but also reduce the drag loss of the first motor to the second motor, and further reduce energy consumption.
  • the ride comfort of the vehicle is also greatly improved, which further meets the user's requirements for driving comfort.
  • the motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a planetary gear mechanism, the first clutch can adjust the output speed of the first motor through the planetary gear mechanism, has a larger speed adjustment range, improves transmission efficiency, and the overall structure of the gearbox is simple.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-motor drive system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first energy transfer of the dual-motor drive system in the single-motor drive mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second energy transfer of the dual-motor drive system in the single-motor drive mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the third energy transfer of the dual-motor drive system in the single-motor drive mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the energy transfer of the medium gear in the dual-motor drive mode of the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the energy transfer of the high-speed gear in the dual-motor drive mode of the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in the reverse mode of the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the first energy transfer in the energy recovery mode of the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the second energy transfer in the energy recovery mode of the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a third energy transfer in the energy recovery mode of the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-motor drive system, its structure diagram is shown in Figure 1, the system includes: a first motor 1, a second motor 2, a first input shaft 3, a third input shaft 4, Input shaft 5 , output shaft 6 , planetary gear mechanism 7 , first driving gear 8 , second driving gear 9 and first clutch 13 .
  • the first input shaft 3 is connected with the first motor 1, the first clutch 13 and the planetary mechanism 7 are installed on the first input shaft 3, a part of the first clutch 13 is connected with the first input shaft 3, the other part of the first clutch 13 A part is connected with the planetary row mechanism 7.
  • the first driving gear 8 is installed on the output end of the second input shaft 5 , and the input end of the second input shaft 5 is connected with the planetary gear mechanism 7 .
  • the third input shaft 4 is connected with the second motor 2 , and the second driving gear 9 is mounted on the third input shaft 4 .
  • the output shaft 6 is used to receive the power output by the first driving gear 8 and the second driving gear 9 .
  • the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the switching of multiple forward gears by setting the planetary gear mechanism and the first clutch, optimize the distribution of power according to different driving conditions, and provide strong power while reducing energy consumption .
  • the ride comfort of the vehicle is also greatly improved, which better meets the user's requirements for driving comfort.
  • the motor drive system includes a planetary gear mechanism 7, a first motor 1, a first clutch 13, and a wheel shaft 20;
  • the planetary gear mechanism 7 includes a sun gear 701, a ring gear 704, multiple A planetary gear 702, a planetary carrier 703, the first input shaft 3;
  • the sun gear 701 and the ring gear 704 are concentrically arranged, and a plurality of planetary gears 702 are located between the sun gear 701 and the ring gear 704, and are connected to the sun gear 701 and the ring gear 704 meshing
  • the planet carrier 703 is connected with a plurality of planetary gears 702,
  • the first input shaft 3 is coaxially connected with the sun gear 701;
  • the first motor 1 is connected with the first input shaft 3;
  • the first clutch 13 is connected with the first input shaft 3, It is used to connect or disconnect the planetary carrier 703 with the first input shaft 3 ;
  • the wheel shaft 20 is in drive connection with the planetary carrier 703 .
  • the planetary gear mechanism 7 in this application includes a sun gear 701 , a plurality of planetary gears 702 , a planet carrier 703 and a ring gear 704 .
  • Each planetary gear 702 meshes with the outer circular gear of the sun gear 701 and the inner circular gear of the ring gear 704 respectively, and each planetary gear 702 of the plurality of planetary gears 702 is rotatably disposed on the planet carrier 703 .
  • a part of the first clutch 13 is connected with the first input shaft 3, and another part of the first clutch 13 is connected with the planet carrier 703, that is, the active part 1301 of the first clutch 13 is connected with the first input shaft 3, and the first clutch 13
  • the driven part 1302 is connected with the planet carrier 703 .
  • the driving disc of the first clutch 13 is connected to the first input shaft 3
  • the driven disc of the first clutch 13 is connected to the planet carrier 703
  • the driven disc of the first clutch 13 is connected to the first input shaft 3
  • the driving disc of the first clutch 13 is connected with the planet carrier 703 .
  • the motor drive system may also include a one-way clutch 14 through which the ring gear 704 is connected with the vehicle body to prevent the first input shaft 3 from reversing.
  • the motor drive system can also include a speed change mechanism 100, the speed change mechanism 100 includes a second input shaft 5, an output shaft 6 and a speed change gear set, the second input shaft 5 and the output shaft
  • the shaft 6 is in transmission connection through the transmission gear set
  • the second input shaft 5 is connected with the planet carrier 703
  • the output shaft 6 is in transmission connection with the wheel shaft 20
  • the transmission gear set may include a first input gear 8 and a first output gear 10
  • the first input gear 8 is coaxially connected with the second input shaft 5
  • the first output gear 10 is coaxially connected with the output shaft 6 .
  • the speed change mechanism 100 may also include a third input shaft 4, the third input shaft 4 and the output shaft 6 are connected through a transmission gear set, and the motor drive system further includes a second motor 2 , the second motor 2 is connected to the third input shaft 4 .
  • the planet carrier 703 is connected to the second input shaft 5 .
  • the dual-motor drive system further includes a second clutch 15 .
  • the second clutch 15 is installed on the third input shaft 4 , and the second motor 2 is connected with the third input shaft 4 through the second clutch 15 .
  • the dual-motor drive system further includes a first driven gear 10 , a second driven gear 11 , an output gear 12 and a differential 18 .
  • the output shaft 6 is in transmission connection with the differential 18 through the output gear 12 , and the differential 18 is connected with the wheel shaft 20 .
  • the transmission gear set may also include a second input gear 9 and a second output gear 11 , the second input gear 9 is coaxially connected to the third input shaft 4 , and the second output gear 11 is coaxially connected to the output shaft 6 .
  • the first driven gear 10 , the second driven gear 11 and the output gear 12 are installed on the output shaft 6 .
  • the first driven gear 10 meshes with the first driving gear 8 to receive the power output by the first driving gear 8 .
  • the second driven gear 11 meshes with the second driving gear 9 to receive the power output by the second driving gear 9 .
  • the output gear 12 is connected to a differential 18 for transmitting power to the wheels 19 .
  • the differential 18 is used to make the left and right (or front and rear) drive wheels of the vehicle rotate at different speeds.
  • the dual-motor drive system further includes an inverter 16 and a battery 17 .
  • One end of the inverter 16 is electrically connected to the battery 17 , and the other end is electrically connected to the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 connected in parallel.
  • the inverter 16 is not only used to convert the direct current output by the battery 17 into a three-phase alternating current to drive the main shafts of the first motor 1 and the second motor 2, but also to provide the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 with The alternating current is converted into direct current and stored in the battery 17.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes the vehicle hybrid system described above.
  • the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the drive of a vehicle, and can realize a single-motor drive mode, a dual-motor drive mode, a reverse mode and an energy recovery mode.
  • the first motor 1 does not work, the first clutch 13 is disconnected, the second clutch 15 is closed, and the one-way clutch 14 is used to prevent the sun gear from reversing. That is to prevent the first motor 1 from reversing, cut off the power transmission between the first motor 1 and the wheels 19, and supply power to the second motor 2 by the battery 17, so that the second motor 2 drives the wheels 19 to rotate.
  • the battery 17 is discharged, and the inverter 16 converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power to drive the second motor 2 to rotate the main shaft, and the second motor 2 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the third input shaft 4 and the second driving gear.
  • the second driven gear 11 , the output shaft 6 , the output gear 12 and the differential gear 18 so that the second motor 2 alone provides power to drive the wheels 19 to rotate.
  • the battery 17 is discharged, and the inverter 16 converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power to drive the main shaft of the first motor 1 to rotate.
  • the first motor 1 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the first input shaft 3, the planet carrier 703,
  • the second input shaft 5 , the first driving gear 8 , the first driven gear 10 , the output shaft 6 , the output gear 12 and the differential gear 18 realize that the first motor 1 alone provides power to drive the wheels 19 to rotate.
  • the battery 17 is discharged, the inverter 16 converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power, and then drives the first motor 1 to rotate the main shaft, and the first motor 1 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the first input shaft 3, the sun gear 701, A plurality of planetary gears 702, a planetary carrier 703, a second input shaft 5, a first driving gear 8, a first driven gear 10, an output shaft 6, an output gear 12 and a differential 18, so that the first motor 1 is provided separately Power drives the wheel 19 to rotate.
  • the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 provide power at the same time, and are divided into two gears during the driving process, one gear is a medium-speed gear, and the other gear is a high-speed gear.
  • the bit can be switched according to the actual working conditions, so that the two motors always work in the high-efficiency area.
  • the first clutch 13 is disconnected, the second clutch 15 is closed, and the battery 17 supplies power to the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 at the same time, so that the first motor 1 and the second motor 2
  • the second motor 2 jointly drives the wheels 19 to rotate.
  • the battery 17 is discharged, and the inverter 16 converts the direct current into a three-phase alternating current, and simultaneously drives the main shafts of the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 to rotate, and the first motor 1 drives the first input shaft 3 to rotate, and then the The power is sequentially transmitted to the sun gear 701, a plurality of planetary gears 702, the planet carrier 703, the second input shaft 5, the first driving gear 8, the first driven gear 10, the output shaft 6, the output gear 12 and the differential 18,
  • the second motor 2 drives the third input shaft 4 to rotate, and then transmits the power to the second driving gear 9, the second driven gear 11, the output shaft 6, the output gear 12 and the differential 18 in sequence, thereby realizing the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 jointly provide power to drive the wheels 19 to rotate.
  • the battery 17 is discharged, and the inverter 16 converts the direct current into a three-phase alternating current, and simultaneously drives the main shafts of the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 to rotate, and the first motor 1 drives the first input shaft 3 and the planet carrier 703 It rotates with the sun gear 701 at the same time, and then transmits the power to the second input shaft 5, the first driving gear 8, the first driven gear 10, the output shaft 6, the output gear 12 and the differential 18 in sequence, and the second motor 2 Drive the third input shaft 4 to rotate, and then transmit the power to the second driving gear 9, the second driven gear 11, the output shaft 6, the output gear 12 and the differential 18 in sequence, thereby realizing the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 jointly provide power to drive the wheel 19 to rotate.
  • the first motor 1 does not work
  • the second motor 2 provides power and the main shaft of the second motor 2 reverses, and the reversed power is transmitted to the wheels, thereby realizing the reverse.
  • the first clutch 13 is disconnected, the second clutch 15 is closed, and the battery 17 supplies power to the second motor 2 , so that the second motor 2 drives the wheels 19 to reverse.
  • the battery 17 is discharged, the inverter 16 converts the direct current into a three-phase alternating current, and then drives the main shaft of the second motor 2 to reverse, and the second motor 2 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the third input shaft 4, the second The driving gear 9, the second driven gear 11, the output shaft 6, the output gear 12 and the differential gear 18 are powered by the second motor 2 to drive the wheels 19 to reverse to realize reversing.
  • At least one of the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 converts the mechanical energy generated during braking/sliding in the single-motor drive mode or dual-motor drive mode or reverse mode into electrical energy, and then stores Put it into the battery 17 for standby use.
  • the energy in the single-motor drive mode is recovered.
  • the first motor 1 does not work
  • the first clutch 13 is disconnected
  • the second clutch 15 is closed
  • the second motor 2 is controlled to start the power generation mode
  • the wheels 19 transmit power to the differential 18, the output gear 12, the output shaft 6, the second driven gear 11,
  • the second driving gear 9 and the third input shaft 4 transmit the mechanical energy to the second motor 2, and the second motor 2 converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery 17 via the inverter 16, thereby realizing the single-motor drive mode recovery of braking/coasting energy.
  • the energy in the dual-motor drive mode is recovered, taking the medium-speed gear mode in the dual-motor drive mode as an example, as shown in FIG. 9, the first clutch 13 is disconnected, and the second The second clutch 15 is closed, the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 are controlled to be in the power generation mode, and the wheels 19 transmit power through the differential 18, the output gear 12, the output shaft 6, the first driven gear 10, and the first driving gear 8 , the second input shaft 5, the planet carrier 703, a plurality of planetary gears 702, the sun gear 701 and the first input shaft 3 are transmitted to the first motor 1, and power is transmitted to the first motor 1 through the differential 18, the output gear 12, the output shaft 6, The second driven gear 11, the second driving gear 9 and the third input shaft 4 are transmitted to the second motor 2, and the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 respectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery 17 via the inverter 16 In order to realize the recovery of braking/coasting energy in the dual-motor driving mode.
  • the energy in the reversing mode is recovered as shown in FIG.
  • the power is transmitted to the differential 18, the output gear 12, the output shaft 6, the second driven gear 11, the second driving gear 9 and the third input shaft 4 in sequence, and then the mechanical energy is transmitted to the second motor 2, and the second motor 2
  • the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery 17 via the inverter 16, so as to realize the recovery of braking/sliding energy in the reverse mode.
  • first driving gear mentioned above is equivalent to the first input gear
  • first driven gear is equivalent to the first output gear
  • second driving gear is equivalent to the second input gear
  • second driven gear is equivalent to the second input gear
  • the driven gear is equivalent to the second output gear.
  • the dual-motor drive system provided by the embodiment of the present application has two power sources of the first motor and the second motor, and by applying it to automobile driving, single-motor drive mode, dual-motor drive mode, reversing mode and energy recovery can be realized Mode and other modes, in the stage of vehicle acceleration and low-speed driving, when the load of the vehicle system is low to medium load, use the single-motor pure electric drive mode; in the stage of medium speed and high speed, when the load of the vehicle system is high load, use Dual motor drive mode.
  • the above two modes take advantage of the characteristics of fast motor response, high torque at low speed and low torque at high speed to improve power efficiency.
  • the use of dual-motor drive uses the different speed ratios of the two gears to make the motor always work in the high-efficiency zone.
  • the energy recovery mode can recover the mechanical energy generated by the vehicle during braking/sliding to improve energy utilization.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

一种电机驱动***包括行星排机构（7）、第一电机（1）、第一离合器（13）和车轮轴（20）；行星排机构（7）包括太阳轮（701）、齿圈（704）、多个行星轮（702）、行星架（703）、第一输入轴（3）；太阳轮（701）和齿圈（704）同心布置，多个行星轮（702）位于太阳轮（701）和齿圈（704）之间，且与太阳轮（701）和齿圈（704）啮合，行星架（703）与多个行星轮（702）相连，第一输入轴（3）与太阳轮（701）同轴相连；第一电机（1）与第一输入轴（3）相连；第一离合器（13）与第一输入轴（3）相连，用于使行星架（703）与第一输入轴（3）相连或断开连接；车轮轴（20）与行星架（703）传动连接。具有更大的速度调节范围，提高船东效率，变速箱整体结构简单。

Description

双电机驱动***及应用
本申请要求于2021年7月16日提交的申请号为202110808776.6、发明名称为“双电机驱动***及应用”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车驱动技术领域，特别涉及一种双电机驱动***及应用。
背景技术
目前，石油资源日益缺乏，汽车尾气排放导致空气污染持续恶化，寻找新的能源代替燃油驱动汽车成为当前的一大研究方向。
当前电动汽车作为燃油汽车的有力竞争产品，发展的非常迅速。目前常使用的纯电动汽车的驱动***大多结构简单，将电机与液力自动变速箱(AT)、机械无级自动变速箱(CVT)或电控机械自动变速箱(AMT)变速箱集成在一起，电机驱动***结构复杂，传动效率低。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种双电机驱动***及应用。
本发明的技术方案如下：
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种双电机驱动***，所述***包括：第一电机、第二电机、第一输入轴、第三输入轴、第二输入轴、输出轴、行星排机构、第一主动齿轮、第二主动齿轮和第一离合器；
所述第一输入轴与所述第一电机连接，所述第一离合器和所述行星排机构安装在所述第一输入轴上，所述第一离合器的一部分与所述第一输入轴连接，所述第一离合器的另一部分与所述行星排机构连接；
所述第一主动齿轮安装在所述第二输入轴的输出端，所述第二输入轴的输入端与所述行星排机构连接；
所述第三输入轴与所述第二电机连接，所述第二主动齿轮安装在所述第三输入轴上；
所述输出轴用于接收所述第一主动齿轮和第二主动齿轮输出的动力。
可选的，所述行星排机构包括太阳轮、多个行星轮、行星架和齿圈；
每个所述行星轮与所述太阳轮的外圆齿以及所述齿圈的内圆齿分别啮合，且所述多个行星轮中的每个所述行星轮可转动地设置在所述行星架上；
所述第一离合器的一部分与所述第一输入轴连接，所述第一离合器的另一部分与所述行星架连接；
所述齿圈通过单向离合器与壳体连接，以防止所述第一输入轴发生反转；
所述行星架与所述第二输入轴连接。
可选的，所述***还包括第二离合器；
所述第二离合器安装在所述第三输入轴上。
可选的，所述***还包括第一从动齿轮、第二从动齿轮、输出齿轮和差速器；
所述第一从动齿轮、所述第二从动齿轮和所述输出齿轮安装在所述输出轴上；
所述第一从动齿轮与所述第一主动齿轮啮合，以接收所述第一主动齿轮输出的动力；
所述第二从动齿轮与所述第二主动齿轮啮合，以接收所述第二主动齿轮输出的动力；
所述输出齿轮与所述差速器连接，所述差速器用于将动力传递到车轮。
可选的，所述***还包括逆变器和电池；
所述逆变器的一端与所述电池电连接，另一端与并联的所述第一电机和所述第二电机电连接。
第二方面，本发明实施例又供了一种电机驱动***，包括：行星排机构、第一电机、第一离合器和车轮轴；
所述行星排机构包括太阳轮、齿圈、多个行星轮、行星架、第一输入轴；
所述太阳轮和所述齿圈同心布置，多个所述行星轮位于所述太阳轮和所述齿圈之间，且与所述太阳轮和所述齿圈啮合，所述行星架与多个所述行星轮相连，所述第一输入轴与所述太阳轮同轴相连；
所述第一电机与所述第一输入轴相连；
所述第一离合器与所述第一输入轴相连，用于使所述行星架与所述第一输入轴相连或断开连接；
所述车轮轴与所述行星架传动连接。
可选的，所述第一离合器的主动部分与所述第一输入轴相连，所述第一离合器的从动部分与所述行星架相连。
可选的，所述电机驱动***还包括变速机构，所述变速机构包括第二输入轴、输出轴和变速齿轮组，所述第二输入轴和所述输出轴通过所述变速齿轮组传动连接；
所述第二输入轴与所述行星架相连，所述输出轴与所述车轮轴传动连接。
可选的，所述变速齿轮组包括第一输入齿轮和第一输出齿轮，所述第一输入齿轮与所述第二输入轴同轴连接，所述第一输出齿轮与所述输出轴同轴连接。
可选的，所述变速机构还包括第三输入轴，所述第三输入轴和所述输出轴通过所述变速齿轮组传动连接；
所述电机驱动***还包括第二电机，所述第二电机与所述第三输入轴相连。
可选的，所述变速齿轮组还包括第二输入齿轮和第二输出齿轮，所述第二输入齿轮和所述第三输入轴同轴连接，所述第二输出齿轮与所述输出轴同轴连接。
可选的，所述电机驱动***还包括第二离合器；
所述第二电机通过所述第二离合器与所述第三输入轴连接。
可选的，所述电机驱动***还包括差速器和输出齿轮；
所述输出轴通过所述输出齿轮与所述差速器传动连接，所述差速器与所述车轮轴连接。
可选的，所述电机驱动***还包括单向离合器，所述齿圈通过所述单向离合器与车身相连。
可选的，所述电机驱动***还包括逆变器和电池；
所述电池通过所述逆变器与所述第一电机和所述第二电机电连接。
第三方面，本发明实施例还提供了上述第一方面的***在汽车驱动中的应用，所述***的应用模式包括：单电机驱动模式、双电机驱动模式、倒车模式和能量回收模式。
可选的，在所述单电机驱动模式中，
第一电机不工作，第一离合器断开，第二离合器闭合，电池放电，经过逆变器为第二电机供电，通过所述第二电机带动第三输入轴转动，进而将动力依次传至第二主动齿轮、第二从动齿轮、输出轴、输出齿轮和差速器，从而驱动车轮转动；
或者，所述第二电机不工作，所述第一离合器闭合，所述第二离合器断开，所述电池放电，经过所述逆变器为所述第一电机供电，通过所述第一电机带动第一输入轴、行星架和太阳轮同时转动，进而将动力依次传至第二输入轴、第一主动齿轮、第一从动齿轮、所述输出轴、所述输出齿轮和所述差速器，从而驱动所述车轮转动；
或者，所述第二电机不工作，所述第一离合器断开，所述第二离合器断开，所述电池放电，经过所述逆变器为所述第一电机供电，通过所述第一电机带动所述第一输入轴转动，进而将动力依次传至所述太阳轮、多个行星轮、所述行星架、所述第二输入轴、所述第一主动齿轮、所述第一从动齿轮、所述输出轴、所述输出齿轮和所述差速器，从而驱动所述车轮转动。
可选的，在所述双电机驱动模式中，
第一离合器断开，第二离合器闭合，电池放电，经过逆变器为第一电机和第二电机供电，通过所述第一电机带动第一输入轴转动，进而将动力依次传至太阳轮、多个行星轮、行星架、第二输入轴、第一主动齿轮、第一从动齿轮、输出轴、输出齿轮和差速器，通过所述第二电机带动第三输入轴转动，进而将动力依次传至第二主动齿轮、第二从动齿轮、所述输出轴、所述输出齿轮和所述差速器，从而使得所述第一电机和所述第二电机共同驱动车轮转动；
或者所述第一离合器闭合，所述第二离合器闭合，所述电池放电，经过所述逆变器为所述第一电机和所述第二电机供电，通过所述第一电机带动所述第一输入轴、所述行星架和所述太阳轮同时转动，进而将动力依次传至第二输入轴、第一主动齿轮、第一从动齿轮、所述输出轴、所述输出齿轮和所述差速器，通过所述第二电机带动所述第三输入轴转动，进而将动力依次传至所述第二主动齿轮、所述第二从动齿轮、所述输出轴、所述输出齿轮和所述差速器，从而使得所述第一电机和所述第二电机共同驱动车轮转动。
可选的，在所述倒车模式中，
第一电机不工作，第一离合器断开，第二离合器闭合，电池放电，经过逆变器为第二电机供电，所述第二电机反转，通过所述第二电机带动第三输入轴转动，进而将动力依次传至第二主动齿轮、第二从动齿轮、输出轴、输出齿轮和差速器，从而驱动车轮转动，实现倒车。
可选的，在所述能量回收模式中，
第一电机不工作，第一离合器断开，第二离合器闭合，控制第二电机开启发电模式，车轮将动力依次传至差速器、输出齿轮、输出轴、第二从动齿轮、第二主动齿轮和第三输入轴，进而将动能传递给所述第二电机，所述第二电机将动能转换为电能，经由逆变器存入电池中。
第四方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种车辆，包括上述的车辆混合动力总成。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果至少包括：
本发明实施例提供的具有第一电机和第二电机两个动力源的双电机驱动***，通过将其应用于汽车驱动中，可以实现单电机驱动模式、双电机驱动模式、倒车模式和能量回收模式等多种模式，通过设置行星排机构，可以实现五个前进档位的切换，根据不同的行驶状态优化动力的分配，降低能耗的同时提供强劲的动力。
此外，在汽车起步加速及低速行驶阶段，车辆***的负荷为中低负荷时，使用单电机纯电动驱动模式；在中速及高速阶段，车辆***的负荷为高负荷时，使用双电机驱动模式。上述两种模式利用了电机响应快、低速大扭矩和高速小扭矩的特性，提升了动力的高效性。其中在中速及高速阶段使用双电机驱动中，利用两个挡位的不同速比，使得电机总是工作在高效区。
并且通过设置单向离合器，不仅可以防止第一电机发生反转，还可以减少第一电机对第二电机的拖曳损失，进一步降低能耗。在换挡过程中通过两个电机的配合调速，整车平顺性也有很大的提升，更加满足了用户对驾驶舒适性的要求。
本申请实施例提供的电机驱动***包括行星排机构，第一离合器能够调节第一电机通过行星排机构的输出的转速，具有更大的速度调节范围，提高传动效率，变速箱整体结构简单。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获取其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在单电机驱动模式中的第一种能量传递示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在单电机驱动模式中的第二种能量传递示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在单电机驱动模式中的第三种能量传递示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在双电机驱动模式中的中速挡的能量传递示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在双电机驱动模式中的高速挡的能量传递示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在倒车模式中的能量传递示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在能量回收模式中的第一种能量传递示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在能量回收模式中的第二种能量传递示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的双电机驱动***在能量回收模式中的第三种能量传递示意图。
图中的附图标记分别表示为：
1-第一电机；2-第二电机；3-第一输入轴；4-第三输入轴；5-第二输入轴；6-输出轴；7-行星排机构；701-太阳轮；702-多个行星轮；703-行星架；704-齿圈；8-第一主动齿轮；9-第二主动齿轮；10-第一从动齿轮；11-第二从动齿轮；12-输出齿轮；13-第一离合器；1301-主动部分；1302-从动部分；14-单向离合器； 15-第二离合器；1501-主动部分；1502-从动部分；16-逆变器；17-电池；18-差速器；19-车轮；20-车轮轴；100-变速机构。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例性实施例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图标记时，除非另有表示，不同实施例中的相同附图标记表示相同或相似的元素。
以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本发明相一致的所有实施方式。相反，他们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本发明的一些方面相一致的结构的例子。
本发明实施例提供了一种双电机驱动***，其结构图如图1所示，该***包括：第一电机1、第二电机2、第一输入轴3、第三输入轴4、第二输入轴5、输出轴6、行星排机构7、第一主动齿轮8、第二主动齿轮9和第一离合器13。
第一输入轴3与第一电机1连接，第一离合器13和行星排机构7安装在第一输入轴3上，第一离合器13的一部分与第一输入轴3连接，第一离合器13的另一部分与行星排机构7连接。第一主动齿轮8安装在第二输入轴5的输出端，第二输入轴5的输入端与行星排机构7连接。
第三输入轴4与第二电机2连接，第二主动齿轮9安装在第三输入轴4上。
输出轴6用于接收第一主动齿轮8和第二主动齿轮9输出的动力。
本发明实施例提供的双电机驱动***，通过设置行星排机构和第一离合器，可以实现多个前进档位的切换，根据不同的行驶状态优化动力的分配，降低能耗的同时提供强劲的动力。并且在换挡过程中通过两个电机的配合调速，使整车平顺性也有很大提升，更加满足用户对驾驶舒适性的要求。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图1，电机驱动***包括行星排机构7、第一电机1、第一离合器13和车轮轴20；行星排机构7包括太阳轮701、齿圈704、多个行星轮702、行星架703、第一输入轴3；太阳轮701和齿圈704同心布置，多个行星轮702位于太阳轮701和齿圈704之间，且与太阳轮701和齿圈704啮合，行星架703与多个行星轮702相连，第一输入轴3与太阳轮701同轴相连；第一电机1与第一输入轴3相连；第一离合器13与第一输入轴3相连，用于使行星架703与第一输入轴3相连或断开连接；车轮轴20与行星架703传动 连接。
为使本发明的技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
可选的，如图1所示，本申请中的行星排机构7包括太阳轮701、多个行星轮702、行星架703和齿圈704。
每个行星轮702与太阳轮701的外圆齿以及齿圈704的内圆齿分别啮合，且多个行星轮702中的每个行星轮702可转动地设置在行星架703上。
第一离合器13的一部分与第一输入轴3连接，第一离合器13的另一部分与行星架703连接，即，第一离合器13的主动部分1301与第一输入轴3相连，第一离合器13的从动部分1302与行星架703相连。
示例性的，第一离合器13的主动盘与第一输入轴3连接，第一离合器13的从动盘与行星架703连接，或，第一离合器13的从动盘与第一输入轴3连接，第一离合器13的主动盘与行星架703连接。
该电机驱动***还可包括单向离合器14，齿圈704通过单向离合器14与车身连接，以防止第一输入轴3发生反转。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1所示，电机驱动***还可包括变速机构100，变速机构100包括第二输入轴5、输出轴6和变速齿轮组，第二输入轴5和输出轴6通过变速齿轮组传动连接，第二输入轴5与行星架703相连，输出轴6与车轮轴20传动连接。其中，变速齿轮组可包括第一输入齿轮8和第一输出齿轮10，第一输入齿轮8与第二输入轴5同轴连接，第一输出齿轮10与输出轴6同轴连接。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图1，变速机构100还可包括第三输入轴4，第三输入轴4和输出轴6通过变速齿轮组传动连接，电机驱动***还包括第二电机2，第二电机2与第三输入轴4相连。
行星架703与第二输入轴5连接。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，在第一离合器13断开时，当动力反向传递到第二输入轴5时，单向离合器14会自动断开，第二输入轴5带动行星架703转动，由于齿圈704也处于自由转动状态，所以太阳轮701的转动方向依然为电机1动力输出的转动方向；在第一离合器13闭合时，当动力反向传递到第二输入轴5时，单向离合器14会自动闭合并使齿圈704处于锁止状态，此时第一输入轴1、太阳轮701、行星架703和第一输入轴3都会因为齿圈704的锁止状态而不转动，从而 防止第一输入轴3发生反转。
可选的，如图1所示，该双电机驱动***还包括第二离合器15。
第二离合器15安装在第三输入轴4上，第二电机2通过第二离合器15与第三输入轴4连接。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，通过第二离合器15的闭合或者断开，可以实现对第二电机2接入或者脱离工作的控制。
可选的，如图1所示，该双电机驱动***还包括第一从动齿轮10、第二从动齿轮11、输出齿轮12和差速器18。输出轴6通过输出齿轮12与差速器18传动连接，差速器18与车轮轴20连接。变速齿轮组还可包括第二输入齿轮9和第二输出齿轮11，第二输入齿轮9和第三输入轴4同轴连接，第二输出齿轮11与输出轴6同轴连接。
第一从动齿轮10、第二从动齿轮11和输出齿轮12安装在输出轴6上。
第一从动齿轮10与第一主动齿轮8啮合，以接收第一主动齿轮8输出的动力。
第二从动齿轮11与第二主动齿轮9啮合，以接收第二主动齿轮9输出的动力。
输出齿轮12与差速器18连接，差速器18用于将动力传递到车轮19。
差速器18用于使车辆的左、右(或前、后)驱动轮实现以不同转速转动。
可选的，如图1所示，该双电机驱动***还包括逆变器16和电池17。
逆变器16的一端与电池17电连接，另一端与并联的第一电机1和第二电机2电连接。
同时，设置逆变器16不仅用于将电池17输出的直流电转换为三相交流电从而驱动第一电机1和第二电机2的主轴转动，还用于将第一电机1和第二电机2提供的交流电转换为直流电储存在电池17中。
本申请实施例还提供了一种车辆，该车辆包括上述的车辆混合动力***。
本发明实施例提供的双电机驱动***，将其应用于汽车驱动中，可以实现单电机驱动模式、双电机驱动模式、倒车模式和能量回收模式。
在单电机驱动模式中，第一电机1和第二电机2中只有一个电机工作，进而实现单电机提供动力驱动车轮19转动。
示例性的，如图2所示，只有第二电机2工作，第一电机1不工作，第一离合器13断开，第二离合器15闭合，单向离合器14用于防止太阳轮发生反转，即防止第一电机1发生反转，切断第一电机1与车轮19之间的动力传递，由电池17为 第二电机2供电，使得第二电机2驱动车轮19转动。
具体的，电池17放电，经过逆变器16将直流电转换为三相交流电后驱动第二电机2主轴旋转，第二电机2将电能转换为机械能顺次经过第三输入轴4、第二主动齿轮9、第二从动齿轮11、输出轴6、输出齿轮12和差速器18，从而实现第二电机2单独提供动力驱动车轮19转动。
示例性的，如图3所示，只有第一电机1工作，第二电机2不工作，第二离合器15断开，使得第二电机2不提供动力，第一离合器13闭合，太阳轮701和行星架703一起正向旋转，此时齿圈704也正向转动，单向离合器14随之断开，由电池17为第一电机1供电，使得第一电机1驱动车轮19转动。
具体的，电池17放电，经过逆变器16将直流电转换为三相交流电后驱动第一电机1主轴旋转，第一电机1将电能转换为机械能顺次经过第一输入轴3、行星架703、第二输入轴5、第一主动齿轮8、第一从动齿轮10、输出轴6、输出齿轮12和差速器18，从而实现第一电机1单独提供动力驱动车轮19转动。
示例性的，如图4所示，只有第一电机1工作，第二电机2不工作，第二离合器15断开，使得第二电机2不提供动力，第一离合器13断开，太阳轮701和行星架703正转，行星轮702反转，此时齿圈704被单向离合器锁止不能反转，由电池17为第一电机1供电，使得第一电机1驱动车轮19转动。
具体的，电池17放电，经过逆变器16将直流电转换为三相交流电后驱动第一电机1主轴旋转，第一电机1将电能转换为机械能顺次经过第一输入轴3、太阳轮701、多个行星轮702、行星架703、第二输入轴5、第一主动齿轮8、第一从动齿轮10、输出轴6、输出齿轮12和差速器18，从而实现第一电机1单独提供动力驱动车轮19转动。
在双电机驱动模式中，第一电机1和第二电机2同时提供动力，在驱动过程中分为两个档位，一个档位是中速挡，另一个档位是高速挡，两种档位可以根据实际工况进行切换，使得两个电机总是工作在高效区。
示例性的，如图5所示，在中速挡中，第一离合器13断开，第二离合器15闭合，电池17同时为第一电机1和第二电机2供电，使得第一电机1和第二电机2共同驱动车轮19转动。
具体的，电池17放电，经过逆变器16将直流电转换为三相交流电后同时 驱动第一电机1和第二电机2的主轴旋转，通过第一电机1带动第一输入轴3转动，进而将动力依次传至太阳轮701、多个行星轮702、行星架703、第二输入轴5、第一主动齿轮8、第一从动齿轮10、输出轴6、输出齿轮12和差速器18，通过第二电机2带动第三输入轴4转动，进而将动力依次传至第二主动齿轮9、第二从动齿轮11、输出轴6、输出齿轮12和差速器18，从而实现第一电机1和第二电机2共同提供动力驱动车轮19转动。
示例性的，如图6所示，在高速挡中，第一离合器13闭合，第二离合器15闭合，电池17同时为第一电机1和第二电机2供电，使得第一电机1和第二电机2共同驱动车轮19转动。
具体的，电池17放电，经过逆变器16将直流电转换为三相交流电后同时驱动第一电机1和第二电机2的主轴旋转，通过第一电机1带动第一输入轴3、行星架703和太阳轮701同时转动，进而将动力依次传至第二输入轴5、第一主动齿轮8、第一从动齿轮10、输出轴6、输出齿轮12和差速器18，通过第二电机2带动第三输入轴4转动，进而将动力依次传至第二主动齿轮9、第二从动齿轮11、输出轴6、输出齿轮12和差速器18，从而实现第一电机1和第二电机2共同提供动力驱动车轮19转动。
在倒车模式中，第一电机1不工作，由第二电机2提供动力且第二电机2的主轴反转，将反转的动力传递到车轮，从而实现倒车。
示例性的，如图7所示，第一离合器13断开，第二离合器15闭合，电池17为第二电机2供电，使得第二电机2驱动车轮19反转。
具体的，电池17放电，经过逆变器16将直流电转换为三相交流电后驱动第二电机2的主轴反转，第二电机2将电能转换为机械能顺次经过第三输入轴4、第二主动齿轮9、第二从动齿轮11、输出轴6、输出齿轮12和差速器18，从而由第二电机2提供动力驱动车轮19反转，实现倒车。
在能量回收模式中，是由第一电机1与第二电机2中至少其中一个电机将单电机驱动模式或双电机驱动模式或倒车模式中制动/滑行时产生的机械能转换为电能，然后存入电池17中备用。
示例性的，在制动或滑行工况下，回收单电机驱动模式中的能量，以第二 电机2为动力源的单电机驱动模式为例，如图8所示，第一电机1不工作，第一离合器13断开，第二离合器15闭合，控制第二电机2开启发电模式，车轮19将动力依次传至差速器18、输出齿轮12、输出轴6、第二从动齿轮11、第二主动齿轮9和第三输入轴4，进而将机械能传递给第二电机2，第二电机2将机械能转换为电能，经由逆变器16存入电池17中，从而实现对单电机驱动模式中制动/滑行能量的回收。
以上仅描述了车辆处于单电机驱动模式中以第二电机2为动力源时的能量流传递，其余以第一电机1为动力源的两种单电机驱动模式下的能量回收可以相应类比得到。
示例性的，在制动或滑行工况下，回收双电机驱动模式中的能量，以双电机驱动模式中的中速挡模式为例，如图9所示，第一离合器13断开，第二离合器15闭合，控制第一电机1和第二电机2均处于发电模式，车轮19将动力经由差速器18、输出齿轮12、输出轴6、第一从动齿轮10、第一主动齿轮8、第二输入轴5、行星架703、多个行星轮702、太阳轮701和第一输入轴3传递给第一电机1，同时将动力经由差速器18、输出齿轮12、输出轴6、第二从动齿轮11、第二主动齿轮9和第三输入轴4传递给第二电机2，第一电机1和第二电机2分别将机械能转换为电能，经由逆变器16存入电池17中，从而实现对双电机驱动模式中制动/滑行能量的回收。
以上仅描述了车辆处于双电机驱动模式中中速挡时的能量流传递，此外双电机驱动模式下高速挡的能量回收可以相应类比得到。
示例性的，在制动或滑行工况下，回收倒车模式中的能量如图10所示，第一离合器13断开，第二离合器15闭合，控制第二电机2开启发电模式，车轮19将动力依次传至差速器18、输出齿轮12、输出轴6、第二从动齿轮11、第二主动齿轮9和第三输入轴4，进而将机械能传递给第二电机2，第二电机2将机械能转换为电能，经由逆变器16存入电池17中，从而实现对倒车模式中制动/滑行能量的回收。
需要说明的是，上述的“第一主动齿轮”相当于第一输入齿轮，“第一从动齿轮”相当于第一输出齿轮，“第二主动齿轮”相当于第二输入齿轮，“第二从动齿轮”相当于第二输出齿轮。本申请中所涉及的离合器的一部分指的是离合器的主动部分，所涉及的离合器的另一部分指的是离合器的从动部分。
本申请实施例提供的具有第一电机和第二电机两个动力源的双电机驱动***，通过将其应用于汽车驱动中，可以实现单电机驱动模式、双电机驱动模式、倒车模式和能量回收模式等多种模式，在汽车起步加速及低速行驶阶段，车辆***的负荷为中低负荷时，使用单电机纯电动驱动模式；在中速及高速阶段，车辆***的负荷为高负荷时，使用双电机驱动模式。上述两种模式利用了电机响应快、低速大扭矩和高速小扭矩的特性，提升了动力的高效性。其中在中速及高速阶段使用双电机驱动中，利用两个挡位的不同速比，使得电机总是工作在高效区。同时能量回收模式能够回收车辆在制动/滑行时产生的机械能，提高能量利用率。
在本发明中，术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。术语“多个”指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施方式只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明的技术方案下得出的其他实施方式，均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电机驱动***，包括：行星排机构(7)、第一电机(1)、第一离合器(13)和车轮轴(20)；
    所述行星排机构(7)包括太阳轮(701)、齿圈(704)、多个行星轮(702)、行星架(703)、第一输入轴(3)；
    所述太阳轮(701)和所述齿圈(704)同心布置，多个所述行星轮(702)位于所述太阳轮(701)和所述齿圈(704)之间，且与所述太阳轮(701)和所述齿圈(704)啮合，所述行星架(703)与多个所述行星轮(702)相连，所述第一输入轴(3)与所述太阳轮(701)同轴相连；
    所述第一电机(1)与所述第一输入轴(3)相连；
    所述第一离合器(13)与所述第一输入轴(3)相连，用于使所述行星架(703)与所述第一输入轴(3)相连或断开连接；
    所述车轮轴(20)与所述行星架(703)传动连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述第一离合器(13)的主动部分(1301)与所述第一输入轴(3)相连，所述第一离合器(13)的从动部分(1302)与所述行星架(703)相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述电机驱动***还包括变速机构(100)，所述变速机构(100)包括第二输入轴(5)、输出轴(6)和变速齿轮组，所述第二输入轴(5)和所述输出轴(6)通过所述变速齿轮组传动连接；
    所述第二输入轴(5)与所述行星架(703)相连，所述输出轴(6)与所述车轮轴(20)传动连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述变速齿轮组包括第一输入齿轮和第一输出齿轮，所述第一输入齿轮与所述第二输入轴(5)同轴连接，所述第一输出齿轮与所述输出轴(6)同轴连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述变速机构(100)还包括第三输入轴(4)，所述第三输入轴(4)和所述输出轴(6)通过所述变速齿轮组传动连接；
    所述电机驱动***还包括第二电机(2)，所述第二电机(2)与所述第三输入轴(4)相连。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述变速齿轮组还包括第二输入齿轮和第二输出齿轮，所述第二输入齿轮和所述第三输入轴(4)同轴连接，所述第二输出齿轮与所述输出轴(6)同轴连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述电机驱动***还包括第二离合器(15)；
    所述第二电机(2)通过所述第二离合器(15)与所述第三输入轴(4)连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1～6任一项所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述电机驱动***还包括差速器(18)和输出齿轮；
    所述输出轴(6)通过所述输出齿轮与所述差速器(18)传动连接，所述差速器(18)与所述车轮轴(20)连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述电机驱动***还包括单向离合器(14)，所述齿圈(704)通过所述单向离合器(14)与车身相连。
  10. 根据权利要求1～9任一项所述的电机驱动***，其中，所述电机驱动***还包括逆变器(16)和电池(17)；
    所述电池(17)通过所述逆变器(16)与所述第一电机(1)和所述第二电机(2)电连接。
  11. 一种车辆，所述车辆包括如权利要求1～10任一项所述的车辆混合动力总成。
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