WO2023246322A1 - Adaptive beam width determination method and system, base station and medium - Google Patents
Adaptive beam width determination method and system, base station and medium Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023246322A1 WO2023246322A1 PCT/CN2023/092071 CN2023092071W WO2023246322A1 WO 2023246322 A1 WO2023246322 A1 WO 2023246322A1 CN 2023092071 W CN2023092071 W CN 2023092071W WO 2023246322 A1 WO2023246322 A1 WO 2023246322A1
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- time slot
- beam width
- base station
- radar
- probability
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/24—Cell structures
- H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and more specifically, to an adaptive beam width determination method, an adaptive beam width determination system, a base station and a computer-readable storage medium.
- terahertz frequency band communication has become an important and promising technology. Due to the short wavelength of terahertz, a large number of antennas can be integrated into smaller devices, reducing the cost of the device. Moreover, the use of terahertz signals can greatly improve the data transmission rate and the resolution of radar sensing.
- the existing technology uses radar-assisted beam alignment, and uses radar to identify the echo reflected by the user equipment to detect the user's position, thereby performing beam alignment with the user equipment, which can effectively Reduce communication time.
- the existing technology uses radar-assisted beam alignment
- the user equipment moves very fast, and the probability of beam alignment is reduced.
- the radar may not be able to detect the user equipment, and thus cannot assist the communication system in beam alignment. to successfully establish the wireless communication link.
- the radar may not be able to detect the user equipment and cannot assist the communication system in beam alignment to successfully establish a wireless communication link; even if the communication link can still be established, the communication rate It may also be lowered.
- the inventor of the present application discovered through long-term practice that when the existing technology uses radar-assisted beam alignment, on the one hand, the beam width is usually fixed, and the coverage range of the radar emission beam is fixed, and the user equipment can easily leave the coverage range of the beam, thus causing Beam misalignment, if you need to ensure that the beam alignment probability is not too low, you can adjust the beam width; on the other hand, the distance between the user equipment and the base station is changing. If the distance between the user equipment and the base station becomes larger, the radar The signal-to-noise ratio and communication signal-to-noise ratio are reduced, resulting in the problem that the radar cannot detect user equipment and the communication rate is reduced. If you need to ensure that the radar signal-to-noise ratio and communication signal-to-noise ratio are not too low, you can adjust the beam width.
- this application proposes an adaptive beam width determination method, based on the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i ( ⁇ i , ⁇ i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of ⁇ i and ⁇ i-1 , ⁇ i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, ⁇ i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, and the detection probability is the successful detection of the radar at the base station
- the probability of user equipment, the communication rate is the rate at which the base station communicates with the user equipment; when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width range is obtained.
- the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width of the i-th time slot, so that the detection probability is not too low, ensuring that the radar can detect the user equipment, and increasing the communication rate.
- this application provides an adaptive beam width determination method, which method includes: S110.
- the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i ( ⁇ i , ⁇ i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of ⁇ i and ⁇ i-1 , ⁇ i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, ⁇ i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, the detection probability is the probability that the radar at the base station successfully detects the user equipment, and the communication rate is The communication rate between the base station and the user equipment; S120.
- the beam width at the time is taken as the beam width ⁇ i of the i-th time slot, or within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the i-th time slot is The beam width when the detection probability is maximum is used as the beam width ⁇ i of the i-th time slot.
- this application also provides a base station, which includes a radar transmitter, or a communication radar dual-function transmitter; a radar receiver; a processor; a memory; and one or more applications, wherein the one or more An application program is stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and the one or more programs are configured to perform the above method.
- this application also provides an adaptive beam width determination system.
- the adaptive beam width determination system includes user equipment.
- the user equipment is configured to receive the beam transmitted by the base station as described above, and transmit the beam through the base station.
- the transmitted beam communicates; the base station as described above, the base station is used to transmit the beam through the radar transmitter or the communication radar dual-function transmitter, and identify the reflected beam by the user equipment through the radar receiver. echo, and communicate with the user equipment.
- the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores program code, and the program code can be called by a processor to execute the above method.
- This application obtains the detection probability and communication rate based on the beam alignment probability.
- the beam width range is obtained.
- the beam width at the maximum communication rate is used as the adjusted The beam width not only ensures that the detection probability is not too low, but also ensures that the radar can detect the user equipment, thus assisting the communication system in beam alignment to successfully establish a wireless communication link, while maximizing the communication rate and ensuring better communication effects. ;
- obtain the detection probability and communication rate according to the beam alignment probability, and when the communication rate is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold obtain the beam width range.
- the beam width when the detection probability is maximum is used as the adjusted beam width. This not only prevents the communication rate from being too low and ensures a certain communication effect, but also maximizes the detection probability to ensure that the radar can better detect the user. equipment to assist communication systems in beam alignment to successfully establish reliable wireless communication links.
- the adaptive beam width determination method provided in this application can adjust the beam width in real time to achieve high-accuracy and high-precision beam tracking.
- the adaptive beam width determination method provided by this application can be adapted to high-speed mobile scenarios and applied to linear and nonlinear user equipment motion models with time-varying motion speeds.
- the solution provided by this application can effectively solve the problems existing in the existing technology using radar-assisted beam alignment when the user equipment moves at high speed, such as the communication rate is reduced, the radar cannot detect the user equipment, and even the wireless communication link cannot be established. .
- Figure 1 shows a schematic flow chart of the adaptive beam width determination method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application
- Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of radar-assisted beam alignment provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application
- Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the beam width and the angle of the user equipment provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
- Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of beam alignment through beam training provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application
- Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the beam scanning the entire search space provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
- Figure 6 shows a structural block diagram of a base station provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
- Figure 7 shows a structural block diagram of the adaptive beam width determination system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
- Figure 8 shows a structural block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
- radar-assisted beam alignment can be used to identify the echo reflected by the user equipment through radar, thereby performing beam alignment with the user equipment.
- the beam width is usually fixed.
- the user equipment moves very fast and the probability of beam alignment is reduced.
- the radar may not be able to detect the user equipment and thus cannot assist communication.
- the system performs beam alignment to successfully establish a wireless communication link.
- the radar signal-to-noise ratio decreases because the distance between the user equipment and the base station becomes longer.
- the radar signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the radar cannot The user equipment is detected and cannot assist the communication system in beam alignment to successfully establish a wireless communication link; even if the communication link can still be established, the communication signal-to-noise ratio will be reduced, resulting in a reduction in communication rate.
- an adaptive beam width determination method which method includes: based on the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i ( ⁇ i , ⁇ i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of ⁇ i and ⁇ i-1 , ⁇ i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, ⁇ i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, and the detection probability is the successful detection of the radar at the base station
- the probability of user equipment, the communication rate is the rate at which the base station communicates with the user equipment; when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width range is obtained, Within this beam width range, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width of the i-th time slot,
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an adaptive beam width determination method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
- the beam transmitted by the base station may be a beam in the terahertz frequency band
- the adaptive beam width determination method may include the following steps:
- Step S110 Beam alignment probability according to the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i ( ⁇ i , ⁇ i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of ⁇ i and ⁇ i-1 , ⁇ i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, ⁇ i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, and the detection probability is the successful detection of the radar at the base station
- the probability of user equipment, and the communication rate is the rate at which the base station communicates with the user equipment.
- the base station may use a radar detection system and a communication system to complete the method of the present application, or may use a dual-function radar communication system to complete the method of the present application.
- radar-assisted beam alignment is used.
- a radar transmitter or a communication radar dual-function transmitter can be set up at the base station, and a radar receiver can be set up.
- the base station sends beams to the user equipment through the radar transmitter or the communication radar dual-function transmitter.
- the radiation pattern of the antenna can
- the cone model can also be used.
- Other models can also be used.
- This application takes the cone model as an example for explanation, as shown in Figure 2.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of using radar to assist beam alignment.
- the fan-shaped area in Figure 2 is the coverage of the beam.
- the radar receiver of the base station identifies the reflected echo to determine the location of the user equipment.
- the beam alignment probability is the probability that the beam can reach the user equipment.
- the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is: in, is the angle of the beam transmitted by the base station in the i-th time slot, and ⁇ i is the angle of the i-th time slot of the user equipment.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the beam width and the angle of the user equipment. Taking the position of the base station as the origin and setting a ray with the base station as the endpoint, the arrow in Figure 3 indicates the direction of the ray.
- the angle of the beam transmitted by the base station in the i-th time slot It can be: the angle between the beam emission direction of the i-th time slot and the ray direction
- the angle ⁇ of the i-th time slot of the user equipment can be: the connection between the user position and the base station position of the i-th time slot
- the ray angle In the i-th time slot, to achieve beam alignment, the user equipment needs to be within the beam coverage, that is: That is:
- the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is: in, Error i is the angle error of the i-th time slot, and Error i is a function of ⁇ i-1 .
- Error i is the angle error of the i-th time slot.
- Error i can be described by mean square error, such as:
- N t is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array of the radar transmitter at the base station or the communication radar dual-function transmitter.
- N r is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array set up by the radar receiver at the base station.
- G t ( ⁇ i-1 ) is the transmitting antenna gain of the radar transmitter at the base station, or the communication radar dual-function transmitter
- G r ( ⁇ i-1 ) is the receiving antenna gain of the radar receiver at the base station, as a
- ⁇ is the wavelength.
- ⁇ is the radar scattering cross section, which represents the target's ability to reflect radar signals to the direction of the radar receiver.
- d is the distance between the base station and the user equipment.
- T st is the standard temperature, and T st can be 290K (Kelvins, Kelvin).
- B bandwidth.
- L is the system loss factor.
- Error i is a function of ⁇ i-1 .
- Error i can also be described by the root mean square error, such as:
- Error i is a function of ⁇ i-1 .
- the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of ⁇ i and ⁇ i-1 .
- step S110 includes sub-step S111 and sub-step S112.
- Sub-step S111 Beam alignment probability according to the i-th time slot Obtain the detection probability of the i-th time slot
- the method is: in, is the ranging probability of the i-th time slot.
- the radar at the base station Two conditions need to be met for the radar at the base station to successfully detect user equipment.
- the beam emitted by the base station is aligned with the user equipment.
- the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station is greater than or equal to the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
- the probability that the beam transmitted by the base station is aligned with the user equipment can be defined as the beam alignment probability
- the probability that the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station is greater than or equal to the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold can be defined as the ranging probability
- the probability that the radar at the base station successfully detects the user equipment can be defined as the beam alignment probability and ranging probability product of .
- the ranging probability of the i-th time slot is: in, is the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station in the i-th time slot, and ⁇ is the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
- N t is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array of the radar transmitter at the base station or the communication radar dual-function transmitter.
- N r is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array set up by the radar receiver at the base station.
- G t ( ⁇ i ) is the transmit antenna gain of the radar transmitter at the base station, or the communication radar dual-function transmitter
- G r ( ⁇ i ) is the receive antenna gain of the radar receiver at the base station, as an optional implementation way, if the radiation pattern of the antenna adopts a cone model, then
- ⁇ is the wavelength.
- ⁇ is the radar scattering cross section, which represents the target's ability to reflect radar signals to the direction of the radar receiver.
- d is the distance between the base station and the user equipment.
- T st is the standard temperature, and T st can be 290K (Kelvins, Kelvin).
- B bandwidth.
- L is the system loss factor.
- the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station in the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the radar can detect the user equipment. Therefore, the ranging probability at this time is 1, The probability of the radar successfully detecting the user equipment is only related to the beam alignment probability. If the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station in the i-th time slot is less than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the radar cannot detect the user equipment. Therefore, the ranging probability is 0 at this time, regardless of the beam alignment probability. It is impossible for any radar to successfully detect user equipment.
- Sub-step S112 Beam alignment probability according to the i-th time slot
- the method of obtaining the communication rate R i ( ⁇ i , ⁇ i-1 ) of the i-th time slot is:
- C i ( ⁇ i ) is the achievable data transmission rate in the i-th time slot
- M i ( ⁇ i ) is the number of times the base station needs to transmit a beam to scan the entire search space in the i-th time slot
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of beam alignment through beam training.
- the base station Before each data transmission, the base station will send a beam to scan the entire search space to search for user equipment, that is, beam training. In each time slot, Beam training is performed first, and data transmission is performed after finding the user equipment, so this communication method takes more time.
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of beam scanning the entire search space.
- M i ( ⁇ i ) directional beams with fixed beam width ⁇ i are used Scan the entire search space (0,2 ⁇ ]. If M i ( ⁇ i ) is a decimal, round M i ( ⁇ i ) up to an integer, that is
- the attainable data transmission rate of the i-th time slot is: Among them, B is the bandwidth, is the communication signal-to-noise ratio at the user equipment in the i-th time slot.
- N t is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array of the radar transmitter at the base station or the communication radar dual-function transmitter.
- N u is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array set by the user.
- G t ( ⁇ i ) is the transmit antenna gain of the radar transmitter at the base station, or the communication radar dual-function transmitter
- G u ( ⁇ u ) is the antenna gain of the user equipment
- ⁇ u is the width of the beam generated by the user equipment
- N 0 is the received noise power of the user equipment
- L total is the total path loss in the terahertz frequency band
- c is the speed of light
- f is the frequency
- k a (f) is the medium absorption coefficient related to the frequency f.
- Step S120 Within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, use the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum as the beam width of the i-th time slot.
- Beam width ⁇ i or within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is regarded as the i-th time slot The beamwidth ⁇ i of the time slot.
- the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width.
- the beam width ⁇ i of i time slots can be: within the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the cumulative value of the communication rate of all time slots is maximum.
- the beam width of each time slot is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, that is:
- (P) refers to the problem to be solved
- st refers to the constraint condition
- N is the number of time slots
- ⁇ is the set of beam widths from the 1st time slot to the Nth time slot
- ⁇ 0 is a known value. According to the value of ⁇ 0 and The range of ⁇ 1 can be obtained. Within this range, m values are assigned to ⁇ 1. According to the sum of m ⁇ 1 values m ⁇ 2 ranges can be obtained, and m values are assigned to ⁇ 2 in each ⁇ 2 range. According to the sum of m 2 ⁇ 2 values We can get m 2 ⁇ 3 ranges, and so on. In the embodiment of this application, the number of values assigned to ⁇ 2 in each range of ⁇ 2 may not be m, and this application does not limit this.
- Accumulated value of communication rate for each time slot is a function of ⁇ 0 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 ..., ⁇ N.
- N based on the value of ⁇ 0 , m ⁇ 1 values, the range of m ⁇ 2 corresponding to each ⁇ 1 value,...the m N-1 range of ⁇ N corresponding to each ⁇ N-1 value
- the maximum value of the cumulative value of the communication rate of all time slots, and the beam width of each time slot when the cumulative value of the communication rate of all time slots is the maximum is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
- the first ⁇ 1 value and A range of ⁇ 2 can be obtained, based on the second ⁇ 1 value and Another range of ⁇ 2 can be obtained.
- the first ⁇ 1 value, and the range of ⁇ 2 obtained from the first ⁇ 1 value calculate the first maximum value of the accumulated communication rate value of the two time slots; according to the value of ⁇ 0 , the first Based on the two ⁇ 1 values and the range of ⁇ 2 obtained from the second ⁇ 1 value, the second maximum value of the cumulative communication rate value of the two time slots is calculated. Compare the first maximum value and the second maximum value, obtain the larger value as the maximum value of the cumulative communication rate of all time slots, and use the ⁇ 1 value and ⁇ 2 value in this case as the adjusted beam width.
- the overall communication rate of all time slots can be maximized.
- the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width ⁇ i of the i-th time slot.
- the beam width ⁇ i of the i-th time slot can also be: the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold.
- the beam width when the average value of the cumulative communication rate of all time slots is the largest is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
- the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width ⁇ i of the i-th time slot.
- the beam width ⁇ i of the i-th time slot can also be: within the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the maximum communication rate of each time slot is The beam width of each time slot, as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
- ⁇ 0 is a known value. According to the value of ⁇ 0 and The range of ⁇ 1 can be obtained.
- the communication rate of the first time slot is a function of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 0. According to the value of ⁇ 0 and the range of ⁇ 1 , the maximum value of the communication rate of the first time slot is calculated, and the communication rate of the first time slot is obtained.
- the value of ⁇ 1 when the communication rate of 1 time slot is maximum.
- the value of ⁇ N-1 and The range of ⁇ N can be obtained. According to the value of ⁇ N-1 and the range of ⁇ N , the value of ⁇ N when the communication rate of the Nth time slot is maximum can be obtained.
- the beam width of each time slot when the communication rate of each time slot is maximum is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
- the communication rate for each time slot can be maximized.
- the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width.
- the beam width ⁇ i of i time slots can be: within the beam width range when the communication rate of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, each time when the accumulated value of the detection probability of all time slots is the maximum.
- the beam width of each time slot is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, that is:
- R th is the preset communication threshold.
- the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width ⁇ i of the i-th time slot.
- the beam width ⁇ i of the i-th time slot can also be: within the beam width range when the communication rate of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the maximum detection probability of each time slot is The beam width of each time slot, as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, is:
- the detection probability of each time slot can be maximized respectively.
- FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a base station 600 provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
- the base station 600 in this application may include one or more of the following components: a radar transmitter or a communication radar dual-function transmitter 610; a radar receiver 620; a processor 630; a memory 640; and one or more application programs, where The one or more application programs are stored in the memory 640 and configured to be executed by the processor 630, and the one or more programs are configured to execute the method of Embodiment 1.
- the radar transmitter 610 refers to a radio device that provides a high-power radio frequency signal for the radar.
- the communication radar dual-function transmitter 610 refers to a radio device that provides both radar and communication functions on a single hardware platform.
- Radar receiver 620 refers to a device in radar that amplifies, transforms and processes echo signals.
- Processor 630 may include one or more processing cores.
- the processor 630 uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts within the entire base station 600, by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 640, and calling the instructions stored in the memory 640.
- the data in the processor 640 is used to perform various functions of the base station 600 and process data.
- the processor 630 may adopt at least one of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field-programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), and programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). implemented in hardware form.
- the processor 630 may integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (CPU) and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly handles operating systems and applications, etc.; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 630 and may be implemented solely through a communication chip.
- the memory 640 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM). Memory 640 may be used to store instructions, programs, codes, sets of codes, or sets of instructions.
- the memory 640 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, where the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function, instructions for implementing various method embodiments described below, and the like.
- the storage data area can also store data created by the base station 600 during use, etc.
- FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of an adaptive beam width determination system 700 provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
- the adaptive beam width determination system 700 in this application may include: user equipment 710 and the base station 600 in Embodiment 2.
- the user equipment 710 is configured to receive the beam transmitted by the base station 600 and communicate through the beam transmitted by the base station 600 .
- the base station 600 is configured to transmit a beam through the radar transmitter or the communication radar dual-function transmitter 610, and identify the echo reflected by the user equipment 710 through the radar receiver 620, and communicate with the user equipment 710 communicate.
- FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium 800 provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
- the computer-readable storage medium 800 stores program code, which can be called by the processor to execute the method described in the above method embodiment.
- Computer readable storage medium 800 may be, for example, flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), hard disk, or ROM electronic memory.
- the computer-readable storage medium 800 includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.
- the computer-readable storage medium 800 has storage space for program code 810 that performs any method steps in the above-described methods. These program codes may be read from or written to one or more computer program products.
- Program code 810 may, for example, be compressed in a suitable form.
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Abstract
The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, and sets forth an adaptive beam width determination method and system, a base station and a medium. The method comprises: according to a beam alignment probability in an ith time slot, obtaining the detection probability of the ith time slot and the communication rate of the ith time slot; within a beam width range where the detection probability of the ith time slot is greater than or equal to a preset detection threshold, using the ith time slot beam width where the communication rate is highest as the beam width of the ith time slot; or within a beam width range where the communication rate of the ith time slot is greater than or equal to a preset communication threshold, using the ith time slot beam width where the detection probability is highest as the beam width of the ith time slot. The method effectively solves problems in the prior art whereby, when radar-aided beam alignment is used, and in a scenario where a UE is moving at high-speed, the communication rate is reduced, radar is unable to detect a UE, or a wireless communication link is even unable to be established.
Description
本申请涉及无线通信领域,更具体地,涉及一种自适应波束宽度确定方法、自适应波束宽度确定***、基站及计算机可读存储介质。The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and more specifically, to an adaptive beam width determination method, an adaptive beam width determination system, a base station and a computer-readable storage medium.
随着无线通信技术的发展,太赫兹频段通信已经成为了一项重要且极具潜力的技术。由于太赫兹波长短,可以将大量天线集成在较小的设备中,降低设备的成本。并且,使用太赫兹信号可以较大程度地提升数据传输速率和雷达传感的分辨率。With the development of wireless communication technology, terahertz frequency band communication has become an important and promising technology. Due to the short wavelength of terahertz, a large number of antennas can be integrated into smaller devices, reducing the cost of the device. Moreover, the use of terahertz signals can greatly improve the data transmission rate and the resolution of radar sensing.
在传统的通过波束训练进行波束对准的基础上,现有技术还使用雷达辅助波束对准,通过雷达识别用户设备反射的回波以探测用户位置,从而与用户设备进行波束对准,可以有效缩短通信时间。On the basis of traditional beam alignment through beam training, the existing technology also uses radar-assisted beam alignment, and uses radar to identify the echo reflected by the user equipment to detect the user's position, thereby performing beam alignment with the user equipment, which can effectively Reduce communication time.
但现有技术使用雷达辅助波束对准时,在用户设备高速移动场景下,用户设备的移动速度很快,波束对准概率降低,雷达可能没法探测到用户设备,从而无法辅助通信***进行波束对准以成功建立无线通信链路。However, when the existing technology uses radar-assisted beam alignment, in a high-speed mobile scenario of the user equipment, the user equipment moves very fast, and the probability of beam alignment is reduced. The radar may not be able to detect the user equipment, and thus cannot assist the communication system in beam alignment. to successfully establish the wireless communication link.
另一方面,若用户设备以较快的速度远离基站,雷达可能无法探测到用户设备,无法辅助通信***进行波束对准以成功建立无线通信链路;即使通信链路仍可以建立,但通信速率也可能降低。On the other hand, if the user equipment moves away from the base station at a faster speed, the radar may not be able to detect the user equipment and cannot assist the communication system in beam alignment to successfully establish a wireless communication link; even if the communication link can still be established, the communication rate It may also be lowered.
因此,现有技术使用雷达辅助波束对准时,在用户设备高速移动场景下,存在通信速率降低、雷达无法探测到用户设备,甚至无法建立无线通信链路等问题。Therefore, when the existing technology uses radar-assisted beam alignment, when the user equipment moves at high speed, there are problems such as the communication rate is reduced, the radar cannot detect the user equipment, and even the wireless communication link cannot be established.
发明内容
Contents of the invention
本申请发明人在通过长期实践发现,现有技术使用雷达辅助波束对准时,一方面,波束宽度通常是固定的,雷达发射波束的覆盖范围固定,用户设备很容易离开波束的覆盖范围,从而造成波束失准,若需要确保波束对准概率不至于太低,可以调整波束宽度;另一方面,用户设备与基站之间的距离在变化,若用户设备与基站之间的距离变大,则雷达信噪比和通信信噪比降低,从而造成雷达无法探测到用户设备以及通信速率降低的问题,若需要确保雷达信噪比和通信信噪比不至于太低,可以调整波束宽度。The inventor of the present application discovered through long-term practice that when the existing technology uses radar-assisted beam alignment, on the one hand, the beam width is usually fixed, and the coverage range of the radar emission beam is fixed, and the user equipment can easily leave the coverage range of the beam, thus causing Beam misalignment, if you need to ensure that the beam alignment probability is not too low, you can adjust the beam width; on the other hand, the distance between the user equipment and the base station is changing. If the distance between the user equipment and the base station becomes larger, the radar The signal-to-noise ratio and communication signal-to-noise ratio are reduced, resulting in the problem that the radar cannot detect user equipment and the communication rate is reduced. If you need to ensure that the radar signal-to-noise ratio and communication signal-to-noise ratio are not too low, you can adjust the beam width.
基于此,本申请提出了一种自适应波束宽度确定方法,根据第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取第i个时隙的探测概率和第i个时隙的通信速率Ri(αi,αi-1),其中,所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率是αi和αi-1的函数,αi为第i个时隙的波束宽度,αi-1为第i-1个时隙的波束宽度,所述探测概率为基站处的雷达成功探测用户设备的概率,所述通信速率为所述基站与所述用户设备进行通信的速率;在所述第i个时隙的探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时,获取波束宽度范围,在该波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度,使探测概率不至于过于低,确保雷达可以探测到用户设备,又使通信速率最大,确保较好的通信效果,或在所述第i个时隙的通信速率大于等于预设通信阈值时,获取波束宽度范围,在该波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的探测概率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度,使通信速率不至于过于低,确保一定的通信效果,又使探测概率最大,确保雷达可以较好地探测到用户设备。如此,可以有效解决现有技术使用雷达辅助波束对准时,在用户设备高速移动场景下,存在的通信速率降低、雷达无法探测到用户设备,甚至无法建立无线通信链路等问题。Based on this, this application proposes an adaptive beam width determination method, based on the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i (α i ,α i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of α i and α i-1 , α i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, α i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, and the detection probability is the successful detection of the radar at the base station The probability of user equipment, the communication rate is the rate at which the base station communicates with the user equipment; when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width range is obtained. Within the width range, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width of the i-th time slot, so that the detection probability is not too low, ensuring that the radar can detect the user equipment, and increasing the communication rate. Maximum, ensuring better communication effect, or when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the beam width range is obtained, and within the beam width range, the i-th time slot is The beam width when the detection probability is maximum is used as the beam width of the i-th time slot to prevent the communication rate from being too low and ensure a certain communication effect. It also maximizes the detection probability and ensures that the radar can better detect the user equipment. In this way, it can effectively solve the problems of the existing technology using radar-assisted beam alignment, such as the communication rate is reduced, the radar cannot detect the user equipment, and even the wireless communication link cannot be established when the user equipment moves at high speed.
第一方面,本申请提供了一种自适应波束宽度确定方法,该方法包括:S110.根据第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取第i个时隙的探测概率和第i个时隙的通信速率Ri(αi,αi-1),其中,所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率是αi和αi-1的函数,
αi为第i个时隙的波束宽度,αi-1为第i-1个时隙的波束宽度,所述探测概率为基站处的雷达成功探测用户设备的概率,所述通信速率为所述基站与所述用户设备进行通信的速率;S120.在所述第i个时隙的探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi,或在所述第i个时隙的通信速率大于等于预设通信阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的探测概率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi。In the first aspect, this application provides an adaptive beam width determination method, which method includes: S110. According to the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i (α i ,α i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of α i and α i-1 , α i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, α i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, the detection probability is the probability that the radar at the base station successfully detects the user equipment, and the communication rate is The communication rate between the base station and the user equipment; S120. Within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, maximize the communication rate of the i-th time slot. The beam width at the time is taken as the beam width α i of the i-th time slot, or within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the i-th time slot is The beam width when the detection probability is maximum is used as the beam width α i of the i-th time slot.
第二方面,本申请还提供了一种基站,该基站包括雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机;雷达接收机;处理器;存储器;一个或多个应用程序,其中所述一个或多个应用程序被存储在所述存储器中并被配置为由所述处理器执行,所述一个或多个程序配置用于执行上述方法。In a second aspect, this application also provides a base station, which includes a radar transmitter, or a communication radar dual-function transmitter; a radar receiver; a processor; a memory; and one or more applications, wherein the one or more An application program is stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and the one or more programs are configured to perform the above method.
第三方面,本申请还提供了一种自适应波束宽度确定***,该自适应波束宽度确定***包括用户设备,所述用户设备用于接收如上所述的基站发射的波束,并通过所述基站发射的波束进行通信;如上所述的基站,所述基站用于通过所述雷达发射机或所述通信雷达双功能发射机发射波束,并通过所述雷达接收机识别经所述用户设备反射的回波,以及与所述用户设备进行通信。In a third aspect, this application also provides an adaptive beam width determination system. The adaptive beam width determination system includes user equipment. The user equipment is configured to receive the beam transmitted by the base station as described above, and transmit the beam through the base station. The transmitted beam communicates; the base station as described above, the base station is used to transmit the beam through the radar transmitter or the communication radar dual-function transmitter, and identify the reflected beam by the user equipment through the radar receiver. echo, and communicate with the user equipment.
第四方面,本申请还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有程序代码,所述程序代码可被处理器调用执行上述方法。In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores program code, and the program code can be called by a processor to execute the above method.
综上所述,本申请至少具有如下技术效果:To sum up, this application has at least the following technical effects:
1.本申请根据波束对准概率获取探测概率和通信速率,在探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时,获取波束宽度范围,在该波束宽度范围内,将通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为调整后的波束宽度,既使探测概率不至于过于低,确保雷达可以探测到用户设备,从而辅助通信***进行波束对准,以成功建立无线通信链路,又使通信速率最大,确保较好的通信效果;或者,根据波束对准概率获取探测概率和通信速率,在通信速率大于等于预设通信阈值时,获取波束宽度范围,在该
波束宽度范围内,将探测概率最大时的波束宽度作为调整后的波束宽度,既使通信速率不至于过于低,确保一定的通信效果,又使探测概率最大,确保雷达可以较好地探测到用户设备,从而辅助通信***进行波束对准,以成功建立可靠的无线通信链路。1. This application obtains the detection probability and communication rate based on the beam alignment probability. When the detection probability is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width range is obtained. Within this beam width range, the beam width at the maximum communication rate is used as the adjusted The beam width not only ensures that the detection probability is not too low, but also ensures that the radar can detect the user equipment, thus assisting the communication system in beam alignment to successfully establish a wireless communication link, while maximizing the communication rate and ensuring better communication effects. ; Or, obtain the detection probability and communication rate according to the beam alignment probability, and when the communication rate is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, obtain the beam width range. Within the beam width range, the beam width when the detection probability is maximum is used as the adjusted beam width. This not only prevents the communication rate from being too low and ensures a certain communication effect, but also maximizes the detection probability to ensure that the radar can better detect the user. equipment to assist communication systems in beam alignment to successfully establish reliable wireless communication links.
2.本申请提供的自适应波束宽度确定方法,可以实时调整波束宽度,以实现高准确性、高精度的波束追踪。2. The adaptive beam width determination method provided in this application can adjust the beam width in real time to achieve high-accuracy and high-precision beam tracking.
3.本申请提供的自适应波束宽度确定方法,可以适应高速移动场景,应用于时变运动速度的线性及非线性用户设备运动模型。3. The adaptive beam width determination method provided by this application can be adapted to high-speed mobile scenarios and applied to linear and nonlinear user equipment motion models with time-varying motion speeds.
因此,本申请提供的方案可以有效解决现有技术使用雷达辅助波束对准时,在用户设备高速移动场景下,存在的通信速率降低、雷达无法探测到用户设备,甚至无法建立无线通信链路等问题。Therefore, the solution provided by this application can effectively solve the problems existing in the existing technology using radar-assisted beam alignment when the user equipment moves at high speed, such as the communication rate is reduced, the radar cannot detect the user equipment, and even the wireless communication link cannot be established. .
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1示出了本申请实施例1提供的自适应波束宽度确定方法的流程示意图;Figure 1 shows a schematic flow chart of the adaptive beam width determination method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
图2示出了本申请实施例1提供的使用雷达辅助波束对准的示意图;Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of radar-assisted beam alignment provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
图3示出了本申请实施例1提供的波束宽度与用户设备角度的关系的示意图;Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the beam width and the angle of the user equipment provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
图4示出了本申请实施例1提供的通过波束训练进行波束对准的示意图;Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of beam alignment through beam training provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
图5示出了本申请实施例1提供的波束扫描整个搜索空间的示意图;Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the beam scanning the entire search space provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
图6示出了本申请实施例2提供的基站的结构框图;Figure 6 shows a structural block diagram of a base station provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
图7示出了本申请实施例3提供的自适应波束宽度确定***的结构框图;
Figure 7 shows a structural block diagram of the adaptive beam width determination system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application;
图8示出了本申请实施例4提供的计算机可读存储介质的结构框图。Figure 8 shows a structural block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to enable those in the technical field to better understand the solutions of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only These are part of the embodiments of this application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.
目前,在传统的通过波束训练进行波束对准的基础上,可以使用雷达辅助波束对准,通过雷达识别用户设备反射的回波,从而与用户设备进行波束对准。Currently, based on the traditional beam alignment through beam training, radar-assisted beam alignment can be used to identify the echo reflected by the user equipment through radar, thereby performing beam alignment with the user equipment.
但使用雷达辅助波束对准时,波束宽度通常是固定的,在用户设备高速移动场景下,用户设备的移动速度很快,波束对准概率降低,雷达可能没法探测到用户设备,从而无法辅助通信***进行波束对准以成功建立无线通信链路。However, when radar-assisted beam alignment is used, the beam width is usually fixed. In the high-speed mobile scenario of the user equipment, the user equipment moves very fast and the probability of beam alignment is reduced. The radar may not be able to detect the user equipment and thus cannot assist communication. The system performs beam alignment to successfully establish a wireless communication link.
另一方面,若用户设备以较快的速度远离基站,由于用户设备与基站之间的距离变远,雷达信噪比降低,当雷达信噪比低于预设信噪比阈值时,雷达无法探测到用户设备,无法辅助通信***进行波束对准以成功建立无线通信链路;即使通信链路仍可以建立,但通信信噪比也会降低,导致通信速率降低。On the other hand, if the user equipment moves away from the base station at a faster speed, the radar signal-to-noise ratio decreases because the distance between the user equipment and the base station becomes longer. When the radar signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the radar cannot The user equipment is detected and cannot assist the communication system in beam alignment to successfully establish a wireless communication link; even if the communication link can still be established, the communication signal-to-noise ratio will be reduced, resulting in a reduction in communication rate.
因此,为了解决上述缺陷,本申请实施例提供了自适应波束宽度确定方法,该方法包括:根据第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取第i个时隙的探测概率和第i个时隙的通信速率Ri(αi,αi-1),其中,所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率是αi和αi-1的函数,αi为第i个时隙的波束宽度,αi-1为第i-1个时隙的波束宽度,所述探测概率为基站处的雷达成功探测用户设备的概率,所述通信速率为所述基站与所述用户设备进行通信的速率;在所述第i个时隙的探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时,获取波束宽度范围,
在该波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度,使探测概率不至于过于低,确保雷达可以探测到用户设备,又使通信速率最大,确保较好的通信效果,或在所述第i个时隙的通信速率大于等于预设通信阈值时,获取波束宽度范围,在该波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的探测概率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度,使通信速率不至于过于低,确保一定的通信效果,又使探测概率最大,确保雷达可以较好地探测到用户设备。如此,可以有效解决现有技术使用雷达辅助波束对准时,在用户设备高速移动场景下,存在的通信速率降低、雷达无法探测到用户设备,甚至无法建立无线通信链路等问题。Therefore, in order to solve the above defects, embodiments of the present application provide an adaptive beam width determination method, which method includes: based on the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i (α i ,α i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of α i and α i-1 , α i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, α i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, and the detection probability is the successful detection of the radar at the base station The probability of user equipment, the communication rate is the rate at which the base station communicates with the user equipment; when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width range is obtained, Within this beam width range, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width of the i-th time slot, so that the detection probability is not too low, ensuring that the radar can detect the user equipment, and Maximize the communication rate to ensure better communication effect, or when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, obtain the beam width range, and within the beam width range, the i-th time slot The beam width when the detection probability of the time slot is maximum is used as the beam width of the i-th time slot to prevent the communication rate from being too low and ensure a certain communication effect. It also maximizes the detection probability and ensures that the radar can better detect the user equipment. . In this way, it can effectively solve the problems of the existing technology using radar-assisted beam alignment, such as the communication rate is reduced, the radar cannot detect the user equipment, and even the wireless communication link cannot be established when the user equipment moves at high speed.
下面对本申请所涉及到的自适应波束宽度确定方法进行介绍。The adaptive beam width determination method involved in this application is introduced below.
实施例1Example 1
请参照图1,图1为本申请实施例1提供的一种自适应波束宽度确定方法的流程示意图。本实施例中,基站发射的波束可以是太赫兹频段的波束,该自适应波束宽度确定方法可以包括以下步骤:Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic flowchart of an adaptive beam width determination method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application. In this embodiment, the beam transmitted by the base station may be a beam in the terahertz frequency band, and the adaptive beam width determination method may include the following steps:
步骤S110:根据第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取第i个时隙的探测概率和第i个时隙的通信速率Ri(αi,αi-1),其中,所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率是αi和αi-1的函数,αi为第i个时隙的波束宽度,αi-1为第i-1个时隙的波束宽度,所述探测概率为基站处的雷达成功探测用户设备的概率,所述通信速率为所述基站与所述用户设备进行通信的速率。Step S110: Beam alignment probability according to the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i (α i ,α i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of α i and α i-1 , α i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, α i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, and the detection probability is the successful detection of the radar at the base station The probability of user equipment, and the communication rate is the rate at which the base station communicates with the user equipment.
在本申请实施例中,基站可以采用雷达探测***与通信***完成本申请的方法,也可以采用双功能雷达通信***完成本申请的方法。In the embodiment of the present application, the base station may use a radar detection system and a communication system to complete the method of the present application, or may use a dual-function radar communication system to complete the method of the present application.
在本申请实施例中,使用雷达辅助波束对准。基站处可以设置雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机,以及可以设置雷达接收机,基站通过雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机向用户设备发送波束,具体地,天线的辐射模式可以采用锥形模型,也可以采用其他模型,本申请以锥形模型为例进行说明,如图2所示,图2为使用雷达辅助波束对准的示意图,图2中的扇形区域为波束的覆盖范围,当从基站发射的波束到达用户设备,这些波束会被用户设备反射回基站,图2
中的虚线表示被用户设备反射的回波,虚线的箭头表示回波的方向,基站的雷达接收机识别反射的回波,从而确定用户设备的位置。In this embodiment of the present application, radar-assisted beam alignment is used. A radar transmitter or a communication radar dual-function transmitter can be set up at the base station, and a radar receiver can be set up. The base station sends beams to the user equipment through the radar transmitter or the communication radar dual-function transmitter. Specifically, the radiation pattern of the antenna can The cone model can also be used. Other models can also be used. This application takes the cone model as an example for explanation, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of using radar to assist beam alignment. The fan-shaped area in Figure 2 is the coverage of the beam. range, when the beams emitted from the base station reach the user equipment, these beams will be reflected back to the base station by the user equipment, Figure 2 The dotted line in represents the echo reflected by the user equipment, and the dotted arrow represents the direction of the echo. The radar receiver of the base station identifies the reflected echo to determine the location of the user equipment.
在用户设备移动速度较快时,很容易离开波束的覆盖范围,从而造成波束失准。When the user equipment moves quickly, it is easy to leave the coverage area of the beam, causing beam misalignment.
在本申请实施例中,波束对准概率为波束能够到达用户设备的概率。In the embodiment of this application, the beam alignment probability is the probability that the beam can reach the user equipment.
在示例性实施例中,所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率为:其中,是所述基站第i个时隙发射的波束的角度,θi是所述用户设备第i个时隙的角度。In an exemplary embodiment, the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is: in, is the angle of the beam transmitted by the base station in the i-th time slot, and θ i is the angle of the i-th time slot of the user equipment.
如图3所示,图3为波束宽度与用户设备角度的关系的示意图,以基站的位置为原点,以基站为端点设置一根射线,图3中的箭头表示该射线的方向。基站第i个时隙发射的波束的角度可以是:第i个时隙的波束发射方向与射线方向的夹角,用户设备第i个时隙的角度θi可以是:第i个时隙的用户位置和基站位置的连线,与射线的夹角。在第i个时隙,若要实现波束对准,就需要使用户设备位于波束覆盖范围内,即:也即:
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the beam width and the angle of the user equipment. Taking the position of the base station as the origin and setting a ray with the base station as the endpoint, the arrow in Figure 3 indicates the direction of the ray. The angle of the beam transmitted by the base station in the i-th time slot It can be: the angle between the beam emission direction of the i-th time slot and the ray direction, the angle θ of the i-th time slot of the user equipment can be: the connection between the user position and the base station position of the i-th time slot, and the ray angle. In the i-th time slot, to achieve beam alignment, the user equipment needs to be within the beam coverage, that is: That is:
为的概率,为的概率,使即可得到
也就是可以得到波束对准的概率。 for The probability, for probability, so that You can get That is, the probability of beam alignment can be obtained.
在示例性实施例中,若所述基站第i个时隙发射的波束的角度服从均值为μi,方差为的高斯分布,则所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率为:其中,Errori为第i个时隙的角度误差,且Errori是αi-1的函数。In an exemplary embodiment, if the angle of the beam transmitted by the base station in the i-th time slot The mean is μ i and the variance is Gaussian distribution, then the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is: in, Error i is the angle error of the i-th time slot, and Error i is a function of α i-1 .
其中,与是误差函数。in, and is the error function.
在本申请实施例中,Errori为第i个时隙的角度误差,在第i个时隙,Errori越大,雷达估计的用户设备的角度与实际的用户设备的角度的偏差越大,即越大,因此,波束越容易失准。
In the embodiment of this application, Error i is the angle error of the i-th time slot. In the i-th time slot, the larger the Error i is, the greater the deviation between the angle of the user equipment estimated by the radar and the actual angle of the user equipment. Right now The larger it is, the easier it is for the beam to misalign.
作为一种可选实施方式,Errori可以用均方误差来描述,如:
As an optional implementation, Error i can be described by mean square error, such as:
As an optional implementation, Error i can be described by mean square error, such as:
其中,是第i-1个时隙的基站处的雷达信噪比,具体地,
in, is the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station in the i-1th time slot, specifically,
其中,Pt为发射功率。Nt为:基站处的雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机设置的相控阵中的天线元件的个数。Nr为:基站处的雷达接收机设置的相控阵中的天线元件的个数。Among them, Pt is the transmission power. N t is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array of the radar transmitter at the base station or the communication radar dual-function transmitter. N r is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array set up by the radar receiver at the base station.
Gt(αi-1)为基站处的雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机的发射天线增益,Gr(αi-1)为基站处的雷达接收机的接收天线增益,作为一种可选实施方式,若天线的辐射模式采用锥形模型,则
G t (α i-1 ) is the transmitting antenna gain of the radar transmitter at the base station, or the communication radar dual-function transmitter, G r (α i-1 ) is the receiving antenna gain of the radar receiver at the base station, as a An optional implementation, if the radiation pattern of the antenna adopts a cone model, then
λ为波长。σ为雷达散射截面,其表征目标将雷达信号反射到雷达接收机方向的能力。d为基站与用户设备的距离。k为玻尔兹曼常数,且k=1.38×10-23。Tst为标准温度,且Tst可以为290K(Kelvins,开尔文)。B为带宽。L为***损耗因子。λ is the wavelength. σ is the radar scattering cross section, which represents the target's ability to reflect radar signals to the direction of the radar receiver. d is the distance between the base station and the user equipment. k is Boltzmann's constant, and k=1.38×10 -23 . T st is the standard temperature, and T st can be 290K (Kelvins, Kelvin). B is bandwidth. L is the system loss factor.
因此,可以看出,Errori是αi-1的函数。Therefore, it can be seen that Error i is a function of α i-1 .
作为另一种可选实施方式,Errori还可以用均方根误差来描述,如:As another optional implementation, Error i can also be described by the root mean square error, such as:
因此,可以看出,Errori是αi-1的函数。 Therefore, it can be seen that Error i is a function of α i-1 .
以Errori用均方误差来描述为例进行说明,将Errori的值代入Γi(αi-1)的公式可以得到:因此,可以看出,第i个时隙的波束对准概率是αi和αi-1的函数。Taking Error i described by mean square error as an example, substituting the value of Error i into the formula of Γ i (α i-1 ) can be obtained: Therefore, it can be seen that the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of α i and α i-1 .
在本申请实施例中,也可以采用其他概率分布计算波束对准概率,本申请对此不做限制。In the embodiment of the present application, other probability distributions may also be used to calculate the beam alignment probability, and the present application does not place a limit on this.
在示例性实施例中,所述步骤S110包括子步骤S111和子步骤S112。
In an exemplary embodiment, step S110 includes sub-step S111 and sub-step S112.
子步骤S111:根据所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取所述第i个时隙的探测概率的方法为:其中,为第i个时隙的测距概率。Sub-step S111: Beam alignment probability according to the i-th time slot Obtain the detection probability of the i-th time slot The method is: in, is the ranging probability of the i-th time slot.
基站处的雷达成功探测用户设备需要满足两个条件,第一,基站发射的波束与用户设备对准,第二,基站处的雷达信噪比大于等于预设信噪比阈值。Two conditions need to be met for the radar at the base station to successfully detect user equipment. First, the beam emitted by the base station is aligned with the user equipment. Second, the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station is greater than or equal to the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
因此,可以将基站发射的波束与用户设备对准的概率定义为波束对准概率以及可以将基站处的雷达信噪比大于等于预设信噪比阈值的概率定义为测距概率
Therefore, the probability that the beam transmitted by the base station is aligned with the user equipment can be defined as the beam alignment probability And the probability that the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station is greater than or equal to the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold can be defined as the ranging probability
可以将基站处的雷达成功探测用户设备的概率定义为波束对准概率与测距概率的乘积。The probability that the radar at the base station successfully detects the user equipment can be defined as the beam alignment probability and ranging probability product of .
在示例性实施例中,所述第i个时隙的测距概率为:
其中,是第i个时隙的所述基站处的雷达信噪比,δ是预设信噪比阈值。In an exemplary embodiment, the ranging probability of the i-th time slot is: in, is the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station in the i-th time slot, and δ is the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
其中,
in,
其中,Pt为发射功率。Nt为:基站处的雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机设置的相控阵中的天线元件的个数。Nr为:基站处的雷达接收机设置的相控阵中的天线元件的个数。Among them, Pt is the transmission power. N t is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array of the radar transmitter at the base station or the communication radar dual-function transmitter. N r is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array set up by the radar receiver at the base station.
Gt(αi)为基站处的雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机的发射天线增益,Gr(αi)为基站处的雷达接收机的接收天线增益,作为一种可选实施方式,若天线的辐射模式采用锥形模型,则
G t (α i ) is the transmit antenna gain of the radar transmitter at the base station, or the communication radar dual-function transmitter, G r (α i ) is the receive antenna gain of the radar receiver at the base station, as an optional implementation way, if the radiation pattern of the antenna adopts a cone model, then
λ为波长。σ为雷达散射截面,其表征目标将雷达信号反射到雷达接收机方向的能力。d为基站与用户设备的距离。k为玻尔兹曼常数,且k=1.38×10-23。Tst为标准温度,且Tst可以为290K(Kelvins,开尔文)。B为带宽。L为***损耗因子。
λ is the wavelength. σ is the radar scattering cross section, which represents the target's ability to reflect radar signals to the direction of the radar receiver. d is the distance between the base station and the user equipment. k is Boltzmann's constant, and k=1.38×10 -23 . T st is the standard temperature, and T st can be 290K (Kelvins, Kelvin). B is bandwidth. L is the system loss factor.
在本申请实施例中,若第i个时隙的所述基站处的雷达信噪比大于等于预设信噪比阈值,则雷达可以探测到用户设备,因此,此时测距概率为1,雷达成功探测用户设备的概率只与波束对准概率有关。若第i个时隙的所述基站处的雷达信噪比小于预设信噪比阈值,则雷达不能探测到用户设备,因此,此时测距概率为0,不管波束对准概率有多大,雷达都不可能成功探测用户设备。In this embodiment of the present application, if the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station in the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the radar can detect the user equipment. Therefore, the ranging probability at this time is 1, The probability of the radar successfully detecting the user equipment is only related to the beam alignment probability. If the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station in the i-th time slot is less than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the radar cannot detect the user equipment. Therefore, the ranging probability is 0 at this time, regardless of the beam alignment probability. It is impossible for any radar to successfully detect user equipment.
子步骤S112:根据所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取所述第i个时隙的通信速率Ri(αi,αi-1)的方法为:
Sub-step S112: Beam alignment probability according to the i-th time slot The method of obtaining the communication rate R i (α i , α i-1 ) of the i-th time slot is:
Sub-step S112: Beam alignment probability according to the i-th time slot The method of obtaining the communication rate R i (α i , α i-1 ) of the i-th time slot is:
Ci(αi)是第i个时隙的可达数据传输速率,Mi(αi)是所述基站在第i个时隙扫描整个搜索空间所需发射波束的次数,且
C i (α i ) is the achievable data transmission rate in the i-th time slot, M i (α i ) is the number of times the base station needs to transmit a beam to scan the entire search space in the i-th time slot, and
在本申请实施例中,指波束对准概率,
指波束失准概率。In the embodiment of this application, refers to the beam alignment probability, Refers to the probability of beam misalignment.
当使用雷达辅助波束对准失败时,可以采用传统的通过波束训练进行波束对准的方式。如图4所示,图4为通过波束训练进行波束对准的示意图,在每次进行数据传输前,基站会发送波束扫描整个搜索空间搜寻用户设备,即波束训练,在每个时隙中,先进行波束训练,在找到用户设备之后再进行数据传输,因此这种通信方式花费时间较多。When radar-assisted beam alignment fails, traditional beam alignment through beam training can be used. As shown in Figure 4, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of beam alignment through beam training. Before each data transmission, the base station will send a beam to scan the entire search space to search for user equipment, that is, beam training. In each time slot, Beam training is performed first, and data transmission is performed after finding the user equipment, so this communication method takes more time.
如图5所示,图5为波束扫描整个搜索空间的示意图,传统的通过波束训练进行波束对准时,在第i个时隙,利用固定波束宽度αi的Mi(αi)个定向波束扫描整个搜索空间(0,2π],若Mi(αi)为小数,则将Mi(αi)向上取整,即
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of beam scanning the entire search space. When traditional beam alignment is performed through beam training, in the i-th time slot, M i (α i ) directional beams with fixed beam width α i are used Scan the entire search space (0,2π]. If M i (α i ) is a decimal, round M i (α i ) up to an integer, that is
在示例性实施例中,所述第i个时隙的可达数据传输速率为:其中,B是带宽,是第i个时隙的所述用户设备处的通信信噪比。In an exemplary embodiment, the attainable data transmission rate of the i-th time slot is: Among them, B is the bandwidth, is the communication signal-to-noise ratio at the user equipment in the i-th time slot.
其中,
in,
其中,Pt为发射功率。Nt为:基站处的雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机设置的相控阵中的天线元件的个数。Nu为:用户设置的相控阵中的天线元件的个数。Among them, Pt is the transmission power. N t is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array of the radar transmitter at the base station or the communication radar dual-function transmitter. N u is: the number of antenna elements in the phased array set by the user.
Gt(αi)为基站处的雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机的发射天线增益,Gu(αu)为用户设备的天线增益,αu为用户设备产生的波束的宽度,作为一种可选实施方式,若天线的辐射模式均采用锥形模型,则作为一种可选实施方式,若用户设备具有理想的全向天线,即αu=2π,则Gu(αu)=1。G t (α i ) is the transmit antenna gain of the radar transmitter at the base station, or the communication radar dual-function transmitter, G u (α u ) is the antenna gain of the user equipment, α u is the width of the beam generated by the user equipment, As an optional implementation, if the radiation patterns of the antennas all adopt a cone model, then As an optional implementation manner, if the user equipment has an ideal omnidirectional antenna, that is, α u =2π, then G u (α u ) =1.
N0为用户设备的接收噪声功率,Ltotal为太赫兹频段的总路径损耗,且c为光速,f为频率,ka(f)为与频率f相关的介质吸收系数。N 0 is the received noise power of the user equipment, L total is the total path loss in the terahertz frequency band, and c is the speed of light, f is the frequency, and k a (f) is the medium absorption coefficient related to the frequency f.
将Nu=1,以及
代入可得:
Will N u =1, as well as Substitute Available:
步骤S120:在所述第i个时隙的探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi,或在所述第i个时隙的通信速率大于等于预设通信阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的探测概率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi。Step S120: Within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, use the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum as the beam width of the i-th time slot. Beam width α i , or within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is regarded as the i-th time slot The beamwidth α i of the time slot.
作为一种可选实施方式,在所述第i个时隙的探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi,可以是:在所述每个时隙的探测概率分别大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所有时隙的通信速率累加值最大时的每个时隙的波束宽度,作为调整后的每个时隙的波束宽度,即:
As an optional implementation manner, within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width. The beam width α i of i time slots can be: within the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the cumulative value of the communication rate of all time slots is maximum. The beam width of each time slot is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, that is:
As an optional implementation manner, within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width. The beam width α i of i time slots can be: within the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the cumulative value of the communication rate of all time slots is maximum. The beam width of each time slot is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, that is:
其中,(P)指所需解决的问题,s.t.指约束条件,N为时隙数,α为第1个时隙至第N个时隙的波束宽度的集合,为预设探测阈值。Among them, (P) refers to the problem to be solved, st refers to the constraint condition, N is the number of time slots, α is the set of beam widths from the 1st time slot to the Nth time slot, is the preset detection threshold.
在该实施例中,α0为已知值,根据α0的值和可以得到α1的范围,在该范围中给α1赋m个值,根据m个的α1值和可以得到m个α2的范围,在每个α2的范围中给α2赋m个值,根据m2个的α2值和可以得到m2个α3的范围,如此类推。在本申请实施例中,在每个α2的范围中给α2赋值的个数也可以不为m,本申请对此不做限制。In this embodiment, α 0 is a known value. According to the value of α 0 and The range of α 1 can be obtained. Within this range, m values are assigned to α 1. According to the sum of m α 1 values m α 2 ranges can be obtained, and m values are assigned to α 2 in each α 2 range. According to the sum of m 2 α 2 values We can get m 2 α 3 ranges, and so on. In the embodiment of this application, the number of values assigned to α 2 in each range of α 2 may not be m, and this application does not limit this.
每个时隙的通信速率累加值为α0、α1、α2...、αN的函数。根据α0的值、m个的α1值、每个α1值对应的m个α2的范围、...每个αN-1值对应的mN-1个αN的范围计算N个时隙的通信速率累加值的最大值,并将所有时隙的通信速率累加值最大时的每个时隙的波束宽度作为调整后的每个时隙的波束宽度。Accumulated value of communication rate for each time slot is a function of α 0 , α 1 , α 2 ..., α N. Calculate N based on the value of α 0 , m α 1 values, the range of m α 2 corresponding to each α 1 value,...the m N-1 range of α N corresponding to each α N-1 value The maximum value of the cumulative value of the communication rate of all time slots, and the beam width of each time slot when the cumulative value of the communication rate of all time slots is the maximum is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
具体地,若N=2,根据α0的值和可以得到α1的范围,在该范围中给α1赋2个值,根据第1个α1值和可以得到1个α2的范围,根据第2个α1值和又可以得到1个α2的范围。根据α0的值、第1个α1值、根据第1个α1值得到的α2的范围,计算2个时隙的通信速率累加值的第1最大值;根据α0的值、第2个α1值、根据第2个α1值得到的α2的范围,计算2个时隙的通信速率累加值的第2最大值。将第1最大值和第2最大值进行比较,获取较大的值作为所有时隙的通信速率累加值的最大值,并将这种情况下的α1值、α2值作为调整后的波束宽度。Specifically, if N=2, according to the value of α 0 and The range of α 1 can be obtained, and 2 values are assigned to α 1 in this range. According to the first α 1 value and A range of α 2 can be obtained, based on the second α 1 value and Another range of α 2 can be obtained. According to the value of α 0 , the first α 1 value, and the range of α 2 obtained from the first α 1 value, calculate the first maximum value of the accumulated communication rate value of the two time slots; according to the value of α 0 , the first Based on the two α 1 values and the range of α 2 obtained from the second α 1 value, the second maximum value of the cumulative communication rate value of the two time slots is calculated. Compare the first maximum value and the second maximum value, obtain the larger value as the maximum value of the cumulative communication rate of all time slots, and use the α 1 value and α 2 value in this case as the adjusted beam width.
通过这种方式确定波束宽度,可以使所有时隙的通信速率整体达到最大。By determining the beam width in this way, the overall communication rate of all time slots can be maximized.
作为另一种可选实施方式,在所述第i个时隙的探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi,还可以是:在所述每个时隙的探测概率分别大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围
内,将所有时隙的通信速率累加值的平均值最大时的波束宽度,作为调整后的每个时隙的波束宽度。
As another optional implementation, within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width α i of the i-th time slot can also be: the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold. Within , the beam width when the average value of the cumulative communication rate of all time slots is the largest is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
As another optional implementation, within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width α i of the i-th time slot can also be: the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold. Within , the beam width when the average value of the cumulative communication rate of all time slots is the largest is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
作为又一种可选实施方式,在所述第i个时隙的探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi,还可以是:在所述每个时隙的探测概率分别大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将每个时隙的通信速率最大时的每个时隙的波束宽度,作为调整后的每个时隙的波束宽度。
As another optional implementation, within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width α i of the i-th time slot can also be: within the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the maximum communication rate of each time slot is The beam width of each time slot, as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
As another optional implementation, within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width α i of the i-th time slot can also be: within the beam width range when the detection probability of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, the maximum communication rate of each time slot is The beam width of each time slot, as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
在该实施例中,α0为已知值,根据α0的值和可以得到α1的范围,第1个时隙的通信速率为α1和α0的函数,根据α0的值和α1的范围计算第1个时隙的通信速率的最大值,并得到第1个时隙的通信速率最大时的α1值。如此类推,根据αN-1的值和可以得到αN的范围,根据αN-1的值和αN的范围得到第N个时隙的通信速率最大时的αN值。将每个时隙的通信速率最大时的每个时隙的波束宽度作为调整后的每个时隙的波束宽度。In this embodiment, α 0 is a known value. According to the value of α 0 and The range of α 1 can be obtained. The communication rate of the first time slot is a function of α 1 and α 0. According to the value of α 0 and the range of α 1 , the maximum value of the communication rate of the first time slot is calculated, and the communication rate of the first time slot is obtained. The value of α 1 when the communication rate of 1 time slot is maximum. By analogy, according to the value of α N-1 and The range of α N can be obtained. According to the value of α N-1 and the range of α N , the value of α N when the communication rate of the Nth time slot is maximum can be obtained. The beam width of each time slot when the communication rate of each time slot is maximum is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot.
通过这种方式确定波束宽度,可以使每个时隙的通信速率分别达到最大。By determining the beam width in this way, the communication rate for each time slot can be maximized.
作为一种可选实施方式,在所述第i个时隙的通信速率大于等于预设通信阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的探测概率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi,可以是:在所述每个时隙的通信速率分别大于等于预设通信阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所有时隙的探测概率累加值最大时的每个时隙的波束宽度,作为调整后的每个时隙的波束宽度,即:
As an optional implementation manner, within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width. The beam width α i of i time slots can be: within the beam width range when the communication rate of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, each time when the accumulated value of the detection probability of all time slots is the maximum The beam width of each time slot is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, that is:
As an optional implementation manner, within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as the beam width. The beam width α i of i time slots can be: within the beam width range when the communication rate of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, each time when the accumulated value of the detection probability of all time slots is the maximum The beam width of each time slot is used as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, that is:
其中,Rth为预设通信阈值。Among them, R th is the preset communication threshold.
通过这种方式确定波束宽度,可以使所有时隙的探测概率整体达到最大。By determining the beamwidth in this way, the overall detection probability of all time slots can be maximized.
作为另一种可选实施方式,在所述第i个时隙的通信速率大于等于预设通信阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的探测概率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi,还可以是:在所述每个时隙的通信速率分别大于等于预设通信阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将每个时隙的探测概率最大时的每个时隙的波束宽度,作为调整后的每个时隙的波束宽度,即:
As another optional implementation, within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width α i of the i-th time slot can also be: within the beam width range when the communication rate of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the maximum detection probability of each time slot is The beam width of each time slot, as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, is:
As another optional implementation, within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is used as The beam width α i of the i-th time slot can also be: within the beam width range when the communication rate of each time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the maximum detection probability of each time slot is The beam width of each time slot, as the adjusted beam width of each time slot, is:
通过这种方式确定波束宽度,可以使每个时隙的探测概率分别达到最大。By determining the beamwidth in this way, the detection probability of each time slot can be maximized respectively.
实施例2Example 2
请参照图6,图6为本申请实施例2提供的一种基站600的结构框图。本申请中的基站600可以包括一个或多个如下部件:雷达发射机或通信雷达双功能发射机610;雷达接收机620;处理器630;存储器640;以及一个或多个应用程序,其中,所述一个或多个应用程序被存储在所述存储器640中并被配置为由所述处理器630执行,所述一个或多个程序配置用于执行实施例1的方法。Please refer to Figure 6, which is a structural block diagram of a base station 600 provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application. The base station 600 in this application may include one or more of the following components: a radar transmitter or a communication radar dual-function transmitter 610; a radar receiver 620; a processor 630; a memory 640; and one or more application programs, where The one or more application programs are stored in the memory 640 and configured to be executed by the processor 630, and the one or more programs are configured to execute the method of Embodiment 1.
当基站600包括雷达发射机610时,雷达发射机610是指为雷达提供大功率射频信号的无线电装置。When the base station 600 includes a radar transmitter 610, the radar transmitter 610 refers to a radio device that provides a high-power radio frequency signal for the radar.
当基站600包括通信雷达双功能发射机610时,通信雷达双功能发射机610是指在单一硬件平台上同时提供雷达和通信功能的无线电装置。When the base station 600 includes a communication radar dual-function transmitter 610, the communication radar dual-function transmitter 610 refers to a radio device that provides both radar and communication functions on a single hardware platform.
雷达接收机620是指雷达中对回波信号进行放大、变换和处理的设备。Radar receiver 620 refers to a device in radar that amplifies, transforms and processes echo signals.
处理器630可以包括一个或者多个处理核。处理器630利用各种接口和线路连接整个基站600内的各个部分,通过运行或执行存储在存储器640内的指令、程序、代码集或指令集,以及调用存储在存储
器640内的数据,执行基站600的各种功能和处理数据。可选地,处理器630可以采用数字信号处理(Digital Signal Processing,DSP)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)、可编程逻辑阵列(Programmable Logic Array,PLA)中的至少一种硬件形式来实现。处理器630可集成中央处理器(Central Processing Unit,CPU)和调制解调器等中的一种或几种的组合。其中,CPU主要处理操作***和应用程序等;调制解调器用于处理无线通信。可以理解的是,上述调制解调器也可以不集成到处理器630中,单独通过一块通信芯片进行实现。Processor 630 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 630 uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts within the entire base station 600, by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 640, and calling the instructions stored in the memory 640. The data in the processor 640 is used to perform various functions of the base station 600 and process data. Optionally, the processor 630 may adopt at least one of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field-programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), and programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). implemented in hardware form. The processor 630 may integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (CPU) and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly handles operating systems and applications, etc.; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 630 and may be implemented solely through a communication chip.
存储器640可以包括随机存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM),也可以包括只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)。存储器640可用于存储指令、程序、代码、代码集或指令集。存储器640可包括存储程序区和存储数据区,其中,存储程序区可存储用于实现操作***的指令、用于实现至少一个功能的指令、用于实现下述各个方法实施例的指令等。存储数据区还可以存储基站600在使用中所创建的数据等。The memory 640 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM). Memory 640 may be used to store instructions, programs, codes, sets of codes, or sets of instructions. The memory 640 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, where the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function, instructions for implementing various method embodiments described below, and the like. The storage data area can also store data created by the base station 600 during use, etc.
实施例3Example 3
请参照图7,图7为本申请实施例3提供的一种自适应波束宽度确定***700的结构框图。本申请中的自适应波束宽度确定***700可以包括:用户设备710和实施例2中的基站600。Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a structural block diagram of an adaptive beam width determination system 700 provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application. The adaptive beam width determination system 700 in this application may include: user equipment 710 and the base station 600 in Embodiment 2.
用户设备710用于接收基站600发射的波束,并通过所述基站600发射的波束进行通信。The user equipment 710 is configured to receive the beam transmitted by the base station 600 and communicate through the beam transmitted by the base station 600 .
基站600用于通过所述雷达发射机或所述通信雷达双功能发射机610发射波束,并通过所述雷达接收机620识别经所述用户设备710反射的回波,以及与所述用户设备710进行通信。The base station 600 is configured to transmit a beam through the radar transmitter or the communication radar dual-function transmitter 610, and identify the echo reflected by the user equipment 710 through the radar receiver 620, and communicate with the user equipment 710 communicate.
实施例4Example 4
请参照图8,图8为本申请实施例4提供的一种计算机可读存储介质800的结构框图。该计算机可读存储介质800中存储有程序代码,所述程序代码可被处理器调用执行上述方法实施例中所描述的方法。Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a structural block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium 800 provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application. The computer-readable storage medium 800 stores program code, which can be called by the processor to execute the method described in the above method embodiment.
计算机可读存储介质800可以是诸如闪存、EEPROM(电可擦除可编程只读存储器)、EPROM(可擦除可编程只读存储器)、硬盘或者ROM
之类的电子存储器。可选地,计算机可读存储介质800包括非易失性计算机可读存储介质(non-transitory computer-readable storage medium)。计算机可读存储介质800具有执行上述方法中的任何方法步骤的程序代码810的存储空间。这些程序代码可以从一个或者多个计算机程序产品中读取或者写入到这一个或者多个计算机程序产品中。程序代码810可以例如以适当形式进行压缩。Computer readable storage medium 800 may be, for example, flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), hard disk, or ROM electronic memory. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium 800 includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium 800 has storage space for program code 810 that performs any method steps in the above-described methods. These program codes may be read from or written to one or more computer program products. Program code 810 may, for example, be compressed in a suitable form.
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不驱使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: it can still Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions are made to some of the technical features; however, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
- 一种自适应波束宽度确定方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:An adaptive beam width determination method, characterized in that the method includes:S110.根据第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取第i个时隙的探测概率和第i个时隙的通信速率Ri(αi,αi-1),其中,所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率是αi和αi-1的函数,αi为第i个时隙的波束宽度,αi-1为第i-1个时隙的波束宽度,所述探测概率为基站处的雷达成功探测用户设备的概率,所述通信速率为所述基站与所述用户设备进行通信的速率;S110. Beam alignment probability according to the i-th time slot Get the detection probability of the i-th time slot and the communication rate R i (α i ,α i-1 ) of the i-th time slot, where the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is a function of α i and α i-1 , α i is the beam width of the i-th time slot, α i-1 is the beam width of the i-1 time slot, and the detection probability is the successful detection of the radar at the base station The probability of user equipment, the communication rate is the rate at which the base station communicates with the user equipment;S120.在所述第i个时隙的探测概率大于等于预设探测阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的通信速率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi,或在所述第i个时隙的通信速率大于等于预设通信阈值时的波束宽度范围内,将所述第i个时隙的探测概率最大时的波束宽度作为第i个时隙的波束宽度αi。S120. Within the beam width range when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset detection threshold, use the beam width when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is maximum as the beam of the i-th time slot. Width α i , or within the beam width range when the communication rate of the i-th time slot is greater than or equal to the preset communication threshold, the beam width when the detection probability of the i-th time slot is maximum is regarded as the i-th time slot The beam width α i of the slot.
- 根据权利要求1所述的自适应波束宽度确定方法,其特征在于,所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率为: 其中,是所述基站第i个时隙发射的波束的角度,θi是所述用户设备第i个时隙的角度。The adaptive beam width determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is: in, is the angle of the beam transmitted by the base station in the i-th time slot, and θ i is the angle of the i-th time slot of the user equipment.
- 根据权利要求2所述的自适应波束宽度确定方法,其特征在于,若所述基站第i个时隙发射的波束的角度服从均值为μi,方差为的高斯分布,则所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率为: 其中, Errori为第i个时隙的角度误差,且Errori是αi-1的函数。The adaptive beam width determination method according to claim 2, characterized in that if the angle of the beam transmitted by the i-th time slot of the base station The mean is μ i and the variance is Gaussian distribution, then the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot is: in, Error i is the angle error of the i-th time slot, and Error i is a function of α i-1 .
- 根据权利要求1所述的自适应波束宽度确定方法,其特征在于,步骤S110包括:The adaptive beam width determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that step S110 includes:根据所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取所述第i个时隙的探测概率的方法为: 其中,为第i个时隙的测距概率。 According to the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot Obtain the detection probability of the i-th time slot The method is: in, is the ranging probability of the i-th time slot.
- 根据权利要求4所述的自适应波束宽度确定方法,其特征在于,所述第i个时隙的测距概率为:其中,是第i个时隙的所述基站处的雷达信噪比,δ是预设信噪比阈值。The adaptive beam width determination method according to claim 4, characterized in that the ranging probability of the i-th time slot is: in, is the radar signal-to-noise ratio at the base station in the i-th time slot, and δ is the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
- 根据权利要求1所述的自适应波束宽度确定方法,其特征在于,步骤S110包括:The adaptive beam width determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that step S110 includes:根据所述第i个时隙的波束对准概率获取所述第i个时隙的通信速率Ri(αi,αi-1)的方法为:
Ci(αi)是第i个时隙的可达数据传输速率,Mi(αi)是所述基站在第i个时隙扫描整个搜索空间所需发射波束的次数,且 According to the beam alignment probability of the i-th time slot The method of obtaining the communication rate R i (α i , α i-1 ) of the i-th time slot is:
C i (α i ) is the achievable data transmission rate in the i-th time slot, M i (α i ) is the number of times the base station needs to transmit a beam to scan the entire search space in the i-th time slot, and - 根据权利要求6所述的自适应波束宽度确定方法,其特征在于,所述第i个时隙的可达数据传输速率为:其中,B是带宽,是第i个时隙的所述用户设备处的通信信噪比。The adaptive beam width determination method according to claim 6, characterized in that the attainable data transmission rate of the i-th time slot is: Among them, B is the bandwidth, is the communication signal-to-noise ratio at the user equipment in the i-th time slot.
- 一种基站,其特征在于,包括:A base station is characterized by including:雷达发射机,或通信雷达双功能发射机;Radar transmitter, or communications radar dual-function transmitter;雷达接收机;radar receiver;处理器;processor;存储器;memory;一个或多个应用程序,其中,所述一个或多个应用程序被存储在所述存储器中并被配置为由所述处理器执行,所述一个或多个程序配置用于执行如权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法。One or more application programs, wherein said one or more application programs are stored in said memory and configured to be executed by said processor, said one or more programs are configured to perform as claimed in claim 1 -The method described in any one of 7.
- 一种自适应波束宽度确定***,其特征在于,包括:An adaptive beam width determination system, characterized by including:用户设备,所述用户设备用于接收如权利要求8所述的基站发射的波束,并通过所述基站发射的波束进行通信;User equipment, the user equipment is configured to receive the beam transmitted by the base station according to claim 8, and communicate through the beam transmitted by the base station;如权利要求8所述的基站,所述基站用于通过所述雷达发射机或所述通信雷达双功能发射机发射波束,并通过所述雷达接收机识别经所述用户设备反射的回波,以及与所述用户设备进行通信。 The base station according to claim 8, the base station is configured to transmit a beam through the radar transmitter or the communication radar dual-function transmitter, and identify the echo reflected by the user equipment through the radar receiver, and communicating with said user equipment.
- 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有程序代码,所述程序代码可被处理器调用执行所述权利要求1-7任一项所述方法。 A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that program code is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the program code can be called by a processor to execute the method described in any one of claims 1-7.
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