WO2023241700A1

WO2023241700A1 - High-strength and high-toughness easy-cutting seamless steel tube for motor shaft and manufacturing method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2023241700A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/100773
Authority: WO
Inventors: 骆素珍; 翟国丽; 高展; 刘文灏; 刘慧芳
Original assignee: 宝山钢铁股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-06-17
Filing date: 2023-06-16
Publication date: 2023-12-21
Also published as: CN117286395A

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a high-strength and high-toughness easy-cutting seamless steel tube for a motor shaft, which contains Fe and inevitable impurity elements, and further contains the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.32-0.48% of C, 0<Si≤0.20%, 0.5-1.2% of Mn, 0.02-0.10% of S, 0.6-1.5% of Cr, 0.15-0.35% of Mo, Cu≤0.25%, Ni≤0.25%, Ce+La≤0.015%, 0.015-0.045% of Al, and 0.001-0.006% of Ca+Mg. Further disclosed correspondingly in the present invention is a manufacturing method for the high-strength and high-toughness easy-cutting seamless steel tube for a motor shaft, which comprises the steps of: (1) preparing a tube blank; (2) performing heating, piercing, hot rolling and stretch reduction; (3) intermediate heat treatment: annealing a hot-rolled tube material within a temperature range of 750-880 ℃ with a heat preservation time being 30-80 min; (4) performing cold drawing; and (5) normalizing heat treatment for a cold-drawn tube: normalizing same within a temperature range of 800-880 ℃ with a heat preservation time being 30-60 min, thereby obtaining a ferrite+pearlite structure.

Description

一种高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管及其制造方法A high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts and its manufacturing method

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及一种钢管及其制造方法，尤其涉及一种无缝钢管及其制造方法。The present invention relates to a steel pipe and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a seamless steel pipe and a manufacturing method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

近年来，在减碳减污的大背景下，新能源汽车的产销量开始突飞猛进，新能源汽车自身轻量化也有越来越苛刻的减排要求，为达到最大程度的轻量化，增加续航能力，除主车身采用高强度钢、镁铝合金、碳钎维等轻质材料外，在整车重量中占比较小的零部件如电机轴等也纳入减重行列，空心管材替代实芯棒材和锻材已是大势所趋。In recent years, under the background of carbon reduction and pollution reduction, the production and sales of new energy vehicles have begun to increase by leaps and bounds. New energy vehicles themselves have increasingly stringent emission reduction requirements for lightweighting. In order to achieve maximum lightweighting and increase endurance, In addition to the main body made of lightweight materials such as high-strength steel, magnesium-aluminum alloy, and carbon fiber brazing, parts such as motor shafts that account for a relatively small proportion of the vehicle's weight are also included in the weight reduction process. Hollow pipes replace solid rods and Forged materials are the general trend.

众所周知，汽车电机轴等零部件承担着向驱动轮传递电机转矩的功能，其是非常重要的***件。由于电机轴高速运转，并承受极大的扭转力矩、震动冲击力等复杂载荷，因此要求材料具有较高的强韧性，以确保电机轴的高速稳定运转以及足够的抗扭转、抗疲劳性能。As we all know, components such as automobile motor shafts are responsible for transmitting motor torque to the driving wheels, and they are very important safety components. Since the motor shaft operates at high speed and is subjected to complex loads such as huge torsion moment, vibration and impact force, the material is required to have high strength and toughness to ensure the high-speed and stable operation of the motor shaft and sufficient anti-torsion and anti-fatigue properties.

然而，在当前现有技术中，因为车型等不同，不同电机轴需要通过整体冷旋锻、冷挤压、切削加工等加工过程才能满足服役性能要求。因此，在电机轴的材料设计中必须同时兼顾高强韧性、高疲劳性能以及良好的冷加工性能。However, in the current existing technology, due to different vehicle models, different motor shafts need to go through overall cold forging, cold extrusion, cutting and other processing processes to meet service performance requirements. Therefore, the material design of the motor shaft must take into account high strength and toughness, high fatigue performance and good cold working performance.

例如：公开号为CN104962838A，公开日为2015年10月7日，名称为“一种高强度钢、汽车传动半轴用高强塑无缝钢管及其制造方法”的中国专利文献公开了一种高强度钢，该发明专利申请公开的化学成分为：C：0.07～0.15％，Si：0.1～1.0％，Mn：2.0～2.6％，Ni：0.05～0.6％，Cr：0.2～1.0％，Mo：0.1～0.6％，B：0.001-0.006％，Cu：0.05～0.50％，Al：0.015～0.060％，Nb：0.02-0.1％，V：0.02-0.15％。在该技术方案中，其采用的是低C设计，钢管的强度偏低，但有利于焊接，比较适合搅拌摩擦焊生产的汽车半轴。For example: the publication number is CN104962838A, the publication date is October 7, 2015, and the Chinese patent document titled "A high-strength steel, a high-strength plastic seamless steel pipe for automobile transmission half shafts and a manufacturing method thereof" discloses a high-strength steel pipe. Strength steel, the chemical composition disclosed in this invention patent application is: C: 0.07~0.15%, Si: 0.1~1.0%, Mn: 2.0~2.6%, Ni: 0.05~0.6%, Cr: 0.2~1.0%, Mo: 0.1～0.6%, B: 0.001-0.006%, Cu: 0.05～0.50%, Al: 0.015～0.060%, Nb: 0.02-0.1%, V: 0.02-0.15%. In this technical solution, it adopts a low-C design. The strength of the steel pipe is low, but it is conducive to welding and is more suitable for automobile axles produced by friction stir welding.

又例如：公开号为CN1388834A，公开号为2003年1月1日，名称为“冷加工性能和高频淬硬性能出色的高碳钢管及其制造方法”的中国专利文献，公开了一种高碳钢管及其制造方法，其公开的化学成分质量百分比：C：0.30～0.80％，Si≤2％，Mn≤3％。在该技术方案中，其是利用特殊的轧制技术，获得渗碳体小于1μm的组织，从而改善冷加工性能和高频淬硬性能。Another example: the publication number is CN1388834A, the publication number is January 1, 2003, the Chinese patent document titled "High carbon steel pipe with excellent cold working performance and high frequency hardening performance and its manufacturing method", published by A high carbon steel pipe and its manufacturing method are disclosed. Its disclosed chemical composition mass percentage: C: 0.30~0.80%, Si≤2%, Mn≤3%. In this technical solution, special rolling technology is used to obtain a structure with cementite less than 1 μm, thereby improving cold working performance and high-frequency hardening performance.

不同于上述现有的技术方案，为了解决现有技术中所存在的这种问题，本发明期望开发并获得一种新的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管及其制造方法。Different from the above-mentioned existing technical solutions, in order to solve this problem existing in the existing technology, the present invention hopes to develop and obtain a new high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts and a manufacturing method thereof.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的之一在于提供一种高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管，该高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管通过合理的成分匹配及工艺设计，可以获得十分优异的加工性能，其在调质热处理前后均具有优异的力学性能，且具有较好的塑韧性，其特别适用于制备承载高扭转载荷的电机轴类零部件，具有良好的推广前景和应用价值。One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a high-strength, tough, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts. The high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts can obtain very excellent processing performance through reasonable component matching and process design. It has excellent mechanical properties before and after quenching and tempering heat treatment, and has good plastic toughness. It is especially suitable for preparing motor shaft parts that carry high torsional loads, and has good promotion prospects and application value.

为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管，其含有Fe和不可避免的杂质元素，其还含有质量百分含量如下的下述各化学元素：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts, which contains Fe and inevitable impurity elements, and also contains the following chemical elements in the following mass percentages:

C：0.32～0.48％，0＜Si≤0.20％，Mn：0.5～1.2％，S：0.02-0.10％，Cr：0.6～1.5％，Mo：0.15～0.35％，Cu≤0.25％，Ni≤0.25％，Ce+La≤0.015％，Al：0.015～0.045％，Ca+Mg：0.001～0.006％。C: 0.32～0.48%, 0<Si≤0.20%, Mn: 0.5～1.2%, S: 0.02-0.10%, Cr: 0.6～1.5%, Mo: 0.15～0.35%, Cu≤0.25%, Ni≤0.25 %, Ce+La≤0.015%, Al: 0.015～0.045%, Ca+Mg: 0.001～0.006%.

进一步地，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其各化学元素质量百分比为：Further, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of each chemical element is:

C：0.32～0.48％，0＜Si≤0.20％，Mn：0.5～1.2％，S：0.02-0.10％，Cr：0.6～1.5％，Mo：0.15～0.35％，Cu≤0.25％，Ni≤0.25％，Ce+La≤0.015％，Al：0.015～0.045％，Ca+Mg：0.001～0.006％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。C: 0.32～0.48%, 0<Si≤0.20%, Mn: 0.5～1.2%, S: 0.02-0.10%, Cr: 0.6～1.5%, Mo: 0.15～0.35%, Cu≤0.25%, Ni≤0.25 %, Ce+La≤0.015%, Al: 0.015~0.045%, Ca+Mg: 0.001~0.006%, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，C元素的质量百分比为0.32％、0.35％、0.38％、0.40％、0.45％、0.48％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of C element is 0.32%, 0.35%, 0.38%, 0.40%, 0.45%, 0.48% Or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Si元素的质量百分比为0、0.01％、0.05％、0.10％、0.15％、0.20％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of Si element is 0, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20% or Within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Mn元素的质量百分比为0.5％、0.6％、0.7％、0.8％、0.9％、1.0％、1.1％、1.2％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel for motor shafts according to the present invention is In the tube, the mass percentage of Mn element is 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，S元素的质量百分比为0.02％、0.03％、0.04％、0.05％、0.06％、0.07％、0.08％、0.09％、0.10％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of S element is 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07% , 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Cr元素的质量百分比为0.6％、0.7％、0.8％、0.9％、1.0％、1.1％、1.2％、1.3％、1.4％、1.5％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of Cr element is 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1% , 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Cu元素的质量百分比为0、0.03％、0.05％、0.10％、0.15％、0.20％、0.25％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of Cu element is 0, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Ni元素的质量百分比为0、0.03％、0.05％、0.10％、0.15％、0.20％、0.25％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of Ni element is 0, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Ce元素和La元素的质量百分比满足：Ce+La为0、0.001％、0.002％、0.005％、0.010％、0.015％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentages of Ce element and La element satisfy: Ce+La is 0, 0.001%, 0.002%, 0.005 %, 0.010%, 0.015% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Al元素的质量百分比为0.015％、0.020％、0.025％、0.030％、0.035％、0.040％、0.045％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of Al element is 0.015%, 0.020%, 0.025%, 0.030%, 0.035%, 0.040% , 0.045% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Ca元素和Mg元素的质量百分比满足：Ca+Mg为0.001％、0.002％、0.003％、0.004％、0.005％、0.006％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentages of Ca element and Mg element satisfy: Ca+Mg is 0.001%, 0.002%, 0.003%, 0.004%, 0.005%, 0.006% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，各化学元素的设计原理如下所述：In the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the design principles of each chemical element are as follows:

C：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，C元素含量的提高有利于提高材料的强度和抗疲劳性能，但钢管中的C元素含量也不宜过高，当C元素含量过高时，会导致材料的韧塑性下降，不利于冷加工，容易出现加工裂纹，脱碳严重等质量问题。因此，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，将C元素的质量百分含量控制在0.32～0.48％之间，从而可以保证材料的淬火硬度和淬硬性，既保证材料的淬透性、又降低了淬裂敏感性，确保钢材的冷加工性能。C: In the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, the increase in the C element content is beneficial to improving the strength and fatigue resistance of the material, but the C element content in the steel pipe should not be too high. When C When the element content is too high, the toughness and plasticity of the material will decrease, which is not conducive to cold processing, and it is prone to processing cracks, serious decarburization and other quality problems. Therefore, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of C element is controlled between 0.32% and 0.48%, thereby ensuring The quenching hardness and hardenability of the material not only ensure the hardenability of the material, but also reduce the quenching crack sensitivity and ensure the cold working performance of the steel.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地将C元素的质量百分含量控制在0.38～0.45％之间。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the mass percentage of the C element can be further preferably controlled between 0.38% and 0.45%.

Si：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Si元素对冷加工性能影响较大，钢管中的Si元素含量越低，则钢管的冷加工性能越好，一般情况下，Si是钢在冶炼脱氧后的残余元素，如果要求较低的Si含量，则需要改变钢水冶炼过程中的脱O方式，因此需要通过综合控制Al和Ca含量来确保脱氧水平，并确保对应的非金属夹杂物对抗疲劳性能无不利影响。因此，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，将Si元素的质量百分含量控制为0＜Si≤0.20％。Si: In the high-strength, tough and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the Si element has a greater impact on the cold working performance. The lower the Si element content in the steel pipe, the better the cold working performance of the steel pipe. In general, Si is the residual element after deoxidation of steel during smelting. If a lower Si content is required, the deO2 method during the smelting process of molten steel needs to be changed. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively control the Al and Ca contents to ensure the deoxidation level and ensure the corresponding non-oxidation level. Metal inclusions have no adverse effect on fatigue resistance properties. Therefore, in the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage content of Si element is controlled to 0<Si≤0.20%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地将Si元素的质量百分含量控制为0＜Si≤0.15％。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the mass percentage of Si element can be further preferably controlled to 0<Si≤0.15%.

Mn：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，提高Mn元素的含量，可以提高材料的强度，且Mn能够稳定P、S元素，避免低熔点硫化物的形成，提高材料的热加工性能。为了实现上述效果，钢中Mn元素含量不宜过低，当钢中Mn元素含量过低时，则不能很好的稳定P、S元素；同时，钢中Mn元素含量也不宜过高，钢中Mn元素含量过高时，会导致冷加工形***化严重，加剧模具磨损。因此，考虑到Mn元素含量对于钢材性能的影响，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，将Mn元素的质量百分含量控制在0.5～1.2％之间。Mn: In the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, increasing the content of Mn element can improve the strength of the material, and Mn can stabilize P and S elements, avoid the formation of low-melting point sulfide, and improve Thermal processing properties of materials. In order to achieve the above effects, the Mn element content in the steel should not be too low. When the Mn element content in the steel is too low, the P and S elements cannot be well stabilized. At the same time, the Mn element content in the steel should not be too high. Mn in the steel When the element content is too high, it will lead to serious cold working deformation hardening and aggravate mold wear. Therefore, considering the impact of the Mn element content on the properties of steel, the mass percentage of the Mn element in the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention is controlled between 0.5% and 1.2%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地将Mn元素的质量百分含量控制在0.6～0.9％之间。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the mass percentage of the Mn element can be further preferably controlled between 0.6 and 0.9%.

S：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，S并不是钢铁原辅料或生产过程中引入的杂质元素，而是在冶炼过程中的脱氧脱硫工序之后，特别添加的硫化物形成元素，以促成钢中形成弥散分布的锰的硫化物，从而赋予材料良好的切削加工性能。但需要注意的是，钢中S元素含量也不宜过高，钢中S元素含量太高时，容易导致硫化物的聚集，从能恶化材料的力学性能和疲劳性能。因此，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，将S元素的质量百分含量控制在0.02-0.10％之间。 S: In the high-strength, tough and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, S is not an impurity element introduced into the steel raw materials or during the production process, but is specially added after the deoxidation and desulfurization process during the smelting process. Sulfide-forming elements promote the formation of dispersed manganese sulfides in steel, thereby giving the material good cutting performance. However, it should be noted that the S element content in steel should not be too high. When the S element content in steel is too high, it can easily lead to the accumulation of sulfides, which can deteriorate the mechanical properties and fatigue properties of the material. Therefore, in the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage content of the S element is controlled between 0.02-0.10%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地将S元素的质量百分含量控制在0.04～0.06％之间。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the mass percentage of the S element can be further preferably controlled between 0.04% and 0.06%.

Cr、Mo：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Cr、Mo含量的提高可以改善材料的淬硬性，提高材料的强度和抗疲劳性能，其能够与C和Mo含量配合，以确保材料强度和韧性。但需要注意的是，钢中Cr、Mo元素的质量百分含量也不宜过高，其会大大增加合金成本。因此，为了发挥Cr、Mo元素的有益效果，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，将Cr元素的质量百分含量控制在0.6～1.5％之间，将Mo元素的质量百分含量控制在0.15～0.35％之间。Cr, Mo: In the high-strength, tough and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, increasing the content of Cr and Mo can improve the hardenability of the material, improve the strength and fatigue resistance of the material, and can be combined with C and Mo content to ensure material strength and toughness. However, it should be noted that the mass percentage of Cr and Mo elements in steel should not be too high, which will greatly increase the alloy cost. Therefore, in order to exert the beneficial effects of Cr and Mo elements, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage of Cr element is controlled between 0.6 and 1.5%, and the mass percentage of Mo element is controlled. The mass percentage is controlled between 0.15 and 0.35%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地将Cr元素的质量百分含量控制在0.8～1.2％之间。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the mass percentage of Cr element can be further preferably controlled between 0.8 and 1.2%.

Cu：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Cu元素与适量的Cr、Ni等元素配合，可以赋予材料一定的耐大气腐蚀性能，但Cu元素过高将导致热加工过程中的热脆问题。因此，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，将Cu元素的质量百分含量控制为Cu≤0.25％。Cu: In the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts described in the present invention, the Cu element combined with an appropriate amount of Cr, Ni and other elements can give the material a certain resistance to atmospheric corrosion, but too high a Cu element will cause thermal Hot embrittlement issues during processing. Therefore, in the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage content of Cu element is controlled to Cu≤0.25%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地将Cu元素的质量百分含量控制在0.1～0.25％之间。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the mass percentage of Cu element can be further preferably controlled between 0.1% and 0.25%.

Ni：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Ni元素与Cu元素配合可以赋予材料一定的耐大气腐蚀性能，同时改善Cu带来的热脆问题，但钢中Ni过高时，将导致成本显著增加。因此，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，需要将Ni元素的质量百分含量控制为Ni≤0.25％。Ni: In the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, the combination of Ni element and Cu element can give the material a certain resistance to atmospheric corrosion and at the same time improve the thermal brittleness problem caused by Cu. However, Ni in the steel If it is too high, the cost will increase significantly. Therefore, in the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Ni element needs to be controlled to Ni ≤ 0.25%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地将Ni元素的质量百分含量控制在0.1～0.25％之间。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the mass percentage of Ni element can be further preferably controlled between 0.1% and 0.25%.

Ce、La：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Ce、La是稀土元素，其可以起到细化晶粒的作用，稀土元素Ce、La能够与Cu、Ni元素配合，并改善材料的耐大气腐蚀性能。但稀土元素Ce、La也比较活泼，当钢中加入量过高时，将会导致冶炼连铸困难。因此，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，将Ce、La元素的质量百分含量之和控制为Ce+La≤0.015％。Ce, La: In the high-strength, tough and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, Ce and La are rare earth elements that can refine grains. The rare earth elements Ce and La can interact with Cu and Ni. elements and improve the material's atmospheric corrosion resistance. However, rare earth elements Ce and La are also relatively active. When the amount added to steel is too high, it will cause difficulties in smelting and continuous casting. Therefore, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the sum of the mass percentages of Ce and La elements is controlled to Ce+La≤0.015%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地控制Ce、La元素的质量百分含量之和Ce+La在0.001～0.01％之间。Of course, in some preferred implementations, in order to obtain better implementation effects, you can further It is preferable to control the sum of the mass percentages of Ce and La elements, Ce+La, to be between 0.001 and 0.01%.

Al：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，Al是冶炼过程中脱氧剂，其能够与Si等元素一起确保钢中的脱氧效果，保证钢质纯净度，从而保证材料的抗疲劳性能。但需要注意的是，钢中Al元素含量也不宜过高，当钢中Al元素含量过高时，可能导致异常氧化铝夹杂物的产生。因此，为发挥Al元素的有益效果，在本发明中，将Al元素的质量百分含量控制在0.015～0.045％之间。Al: In the high-strength, tough and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, Al is a deoxidizer during the smelting process. It can ensure the deoxidation effect in the steel together with Si and other elements, ensuring the purity of the steel, thereby ensuring Material fatigue resistance. However, it should be noted that the content of Al element in steel should not be too high. When the content of Al element in steel is too high, it may lead to the production of abnormal alumina inclusions. Therefore, in order to exert the beneficial effects of Al element, in the present invention, the mass percentage content of Al element is controlled between 0.015% and 0.045%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地将Al元素的质量百分含量控制在0.015～0.035％之间。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the mass percentage of the Al element can be further preferably controlled between 0.015% and 0.035%.

Ca、Mg：在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，适量的Ca、Mg可以改善非金属夹杂物形状和性能，从而改善材料的疲劳性能等。因此，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，为发挥Ca、Mg元素的有益效果，发明人可以考虑向钢中添加Ca和/或Mg元素，并将Ca、Mg元素的质量百分含量之和Ca+Mg控制在0.001～0.006％之间。Ca, Mg: In the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, an appropriate amount of Ca and Mg can improve the shape and performance of non-metallic inclusions, thereby improving the fatigue properties of the material. Therefore, in order to exert the beneficial effects of Ca and Mg elements in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the inventor can consider adding Ca and/or Mg elements to the steel, and adding Ca and Mg The sum of the mass percentages of elements, Ca+Mg, is controlled between 0.001 and 0.006%.

当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步优选地控制Ca、Mg元素的质量百分含量之和Ca+Mg在0.001～0.004％之间。Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the sum of the mass percentages of Ca and Mg elements, Ca + Mg, can be further preferably controlled to be between 0.001 and 0.004%.

进一步地，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，在不可避免的杂质中，P≤0.015％，O≤0.0030％。Furthermore, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, among the inevitable impurities, P≤0.015% and O≤0.0030%.

进一步地，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，在不可避免的杂质中，P≤0.015％，O≤0.0020％。Furthermore, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, among the inevitable impurities, P≤0.015% and O≤0.0020%.

在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，P元素和O元素均为钢管中的杂质元素，其是钢铁原辅料或生产过程中引入的杂质元素，在技术条件允许情况下，为了获得性能更好且质量更优的管材，应尽可能降低无缝钢管中杂质元素的含量。因此，必须严格地控制钢中P、O元素的含量，并控制为P≤0.015％，O≤0.0030％。当然，在一些优选的实施方式中，为了获得更优的实施效果，可以进一步控制P、O元素的含量满足：P≤0.015％，O≤0.0020％。In the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the P element and the O element are both impurity elements in the steel pipe. They are the raw and auxiliary materials of steel or impurity elements introduced during the production process. When technical conditions permit, In order to obtain pipes with better performance and better quality, the content of impurity elements in seamless steel pipes should be reduced as much as possible. Therefore, the content of P and O elements in steel must be strictly controlled, and controlled to P ≤ 0.015% and O ≤ 0.0030%. Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effects, the contents of P and O elements can be further controlled to satisfy: P≤0.015%, O≤0.0020%.

进一步地，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其各化学元素质量百分含量进一步满足下述各项的至少其中之一：
C：0.38～0.45％，
0＜Si≤0.15％，
Mn：0.6～0.9％，
S：0.04～0.06％，
Cr：0.8～1.2％，
Cu：0.1～0.25％，
Ni：0.1～0.25％，
Al：0.015～0.035％，
Ce+La：0.001～0.01％，
Ca+Mg：0.001～0.004％。Furthermore, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the mass percentage content of each chemical element further satisfies at least one of the following items:
C: 0.38～0.45%,
0＜Si≤0.15%,
Mn: 0.6～0.9%,
S: 0.04～0.06%,
Cr: 0.8～1.2%,
Cu: 0.1～0.25%,
Ni: 0.1～0.25%,
Al: 0.015～0.035%,
Ce+La: 0.001～0.01%,
Ca+Mg: 0.001～0.004%.

进一步地，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其未经过调质热处理的微观组织为铁素体+珠光体。Furthermore, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, the microstructure that has not undergone quenching and tempering heat treatment is ferrite + pearlite.

进一步地，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的微观组织为马氏体+体积相比例≤20％的残余奥氏体。Furthermore, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, the microstructure after quenching and tempering heat treatment is martensite + retained austenite with a volume phase ratio of ≤ 20%.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的微观组织中残余奥氏体的体积相比例为0％、1％、2％、3％、4％、5％、6％、7％、9％、10％、12％、14％、16％、18％、20％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the volume phase ratio of retained austenite in the microstructure after quenching and tempering heat treatment is 0%, 1% , 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

进一步地，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其未经过调质热处理的屈服强度为420～540MPa，抗拉强度为550～680MPa，延伸率≥20％。Furthermore, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, the yield strength without quenching and tempering heat treatment is 420-540MPa, the tensile strength is 550-680MPa, and the elongation is ≥20%.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其未经过调质热处理的屈服强度为420MPa、440MPa、460MPa、480MPa、500MPa、520MPa、540MPa或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the yield strength without quenching and tempering heat treatment is 420MPa, 440MPa, 460MPa, 480MPa, 500MPa, 520MPa, 540MPa Or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其未经过调质热处理的抗拉强度为550MPa、570MPa、600MPa、620MPa、640MPa、66MPa、680MPa或在前述任意两个值的范围内。。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the tensile strength without quenching and tempering heat treatment is 550MPa, 570MPa, 600MPa, 620MPa, 640MPa, 66MPa, 680MPa or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values. .

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其未经过调质热处理的延伸率为20％、25％、30％、35％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, its elongation without quenching and tempering heat treatment is 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% or in Within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

进一步地，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的性能满足：屈服强度Rp_0.2≥960MPa，抗拉强度R_m≥1260MPa，延伸率A₅₀≥8％，其硬度≥55HRC，强塑积≥12000MPa％、优选＞12000MPa％，抗扭转性能≥500KN。Further, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention, its performance after quenching and tempering heat treatment satisfies: yield strength Rp _0.2 ≥ 960MPa, tensile strength R _m ≥ 1260MPa, ductility The elongation A ₅₀ ≥ 8%, the hardness ≥ 55HRC, the strong plastic volume ≥ 12000MPa%, preferably > 12000MPa%, and the torsion resistance ≥ 500KN.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的屈服强度Rp_0.2为960MPa、970MPa、980MPa、990MPa、1000MPa、1100MPa、1200MPa或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the yield strength Rp _0.2 after quenching and tempering heat treatment is 960MPa, 970MPa, 980MPa, 990MPa, 1000MPa, 1100MPa, 1200MPa or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的抗拉强度R_m为1260MPa、1300MPa、1400MPa、1500MPa、1600MPa、1700MPa、1800MPa或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the tensile strength R _m after quenching and tempering heat treatment is 1260MPa, 1300MPa, 1400MPa, 1500MPa, 1600MPa, 1700MPa , 1800MPa or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的延伸率A₅₀为8％、9％、10％、11％、12％、13％、14％、15％、16％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the elongation A ₅₀ after quenching and tempering heat treatment is 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的硬度为55HRC、56HRC、57HRC、58HRC、59HRC、60HRC、61HRC、62HRC或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the hardness after quenching and tempering heat treatment is 55HRC, 56HRC, 57HRC, 58HRC, 59HRC, 60HRC, 61HRC, 62HRC Or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的强塑积为12000MPa％、14000MPa％、16000MPa％、18000MPa％、20000MPa％、22000MPa％、25000MPa％、26000MPa％或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the strong plastic volume after quenching and tempering heat treatment is 12000MPa%, 14000MPa%, 16000MPa%, 18000MPa%, 20000MPa %, 22000MPa%, 25000MPa%, 26000MPa% or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

在一个或多个实施方案中，在本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管中，其经过调质热处理的抗扭转性能为500KN、510KN、520KN、530KN、540KN、550KN、560KN、570KN、580KN、590KN、600KN或在前述任意两个值的范围内。In one or more embodiments, in the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention, the torsion resistance after quenching and tempering heat treatment is 500KN, 510KN, 520KN, 530KN, 540KN, 550KN, 560KN , 570KN, 580KN, 590KN, 600KN or within the range of any two of the aforementioned values.

相应地，本发明的另一目的在于提供上述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管的制造方法，该制造方法对工艺进行了优化设计，其制造过程简便且易于实施，可以有效制备本发明上述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管，具有十分良好的应用前景。Accordingly, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts. The manufacturing method optimizes the design of the process. The manufacturing process is simple and easy to implement, and can effectively prepare the seamless steel pipe of the present invention. The above-mentioned high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts has very good application prospects.

为了实现上述目的，本发明提出了上述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管的制造方法，其包括步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the above-mentioned manufacturing method of high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shaft, which includes the steps:

(1)制得管坯；(1) Prepare tube blank;

(2)加热、穿孔、热轧和张减； (2) Heating, piercing, hot rolling and tensioning;

(3)中间热处理：将热轧管料在750～880℃温度区间进行退火，保温时间为30～80min；(3) Intermediate heat treatment: anneal the hot-rolled pipe material in the temperature range of 750 to 880°C, and the holding time is 30 to 80 minutes;

(4)冷拔；(4) Cold drawing;

(5)冷拔管正火热处理：在800～880℃温度区间进行正火，保温时间为30～60min，以获得铁素体+珠光体组织。(5) Normalizing heat treatment of cold drawn tube: Normalize in the temperature range of 800 to 880°C, and the holding time is 30 to 60 minutes to obtain the ferrite + pearlite structure.

在本发明上述技术方案中，在步骤(1)的管坯制造过程中，操作人员可以具体利用电炉+精炼浇注成管坯，并具体利用连铸坯切割得到所需尺寸的管坯。In the above technical solution of the present invention, during the tube blank manufacturing process in step (1), the operator can specifically use an electric furnace + refining to cast the tube blank, and specifically use the continuous casting billet to cut the tube blank of the required size.

此外，在上述步骤(3)中，在中间热处理时，控制热轧管料在750～880℃(例如760℃、780℃、800℃、820℃、840℃、860℃)温度区间进行退火，并保温30～80min(例如40min、50min、60min、70min)，可以确保后续步骤(4)的冷拔过程的顺利进行。In addition, in the above step (3), during the intermediate heat treatment, the hot-rolled pipe material is controlled to be annealed in the temperature range of 750 to 880°C (such as 760°C, 780°C, 800°C, 820°C, 840°C, 860°C), And keep it warm for 30 to 80 minutes (such as 40 minutes, 50 minutes, 60 minutes, 70 minutes) to ensure the smooth progress of the cold drawing process in the subsequent step (4).

另外，在本发明上述步骤(5)的热处理中，需要将上述步骤(4)所制备的冷拔管料在800～880℃(例如810℃、820℃、830℃、840℃、850℃、860℃、870℃)温度区间进行正火，保温30～60min(例如40min、50min)，并控制炉内气氛，保证无全脱碳(即钢管表面无全铁素体组织区)，半脱碳深度≤150μm。在该技术方案中，其通过控制正火温度和冷却方式(风冷和/或空冷)的配合，可以确保钢管获得铁素体+珠光体组织，从而获得强度和韧性均满足电机轴冷加工要求的正火管料。In addition, in the heat treatment of the above-mentioned step (5) of the present invention, the cold-drawn pipe material prepared in the above-mentioned step (4) needs to be heated at 800 to 880°C (such as 810°C, 820°C, 830°C, 840°C, 850°C, Normalize in the temperature range of 860℃, 870℃), keep the temperature for 30~60min (for example, 40min, 50min), and control the atmosphere in the furnace to ensure that there is no complete decarburization (that is, there is no full ferrite tissue area on the surface of the steel pipe), semi-decarburization Depth ≤150μm. In this technical solution, by controlling the normalizing temperature and the cooling method (air cooling and/or air cooling), it can ensure that the steel pipe obtains a ferrite + pearlite structure, thereby obtaining a strength and toughness that meets the cold processing requirements of the motor shaft. Normalizing pipe stock.

进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，在步骤(2)中，将管坯在1220～1280℃(例如1230℃、1240℃、1250℃、1260℃、1270℃)加热保温60～150min(例如70min、80min、90min、100min、110min、120min、130min、140min)。Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in step (2), the tube blank is heated and kept at 1220-1280°C (such as 1230°C, 1240°C, 1250°C, 1260°C, 1270°C) for 60-150 minutes (For example, 70min, 80min, 90min, 100min, 110min, 120min, 130min, 140min).

进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，在步骤(2)中，控制穿孔温度为1150～1250℃(例如1160℃、1170℃、1180℃、1190℃、1200℃、1210℃、1220℃、1230℃、1240℃)。Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in step (2), the perforation temperature is controlled to be 1150°C to 1250°C (for example, 1160°C, 1170°C, 1180°C, 1190°C, 1200°C, 1210°C, 1220°C , 1230℃, 1240℃).

在步骤(2)中，热轧可以是热连轧。进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，在步骤(2)中，控制热连轧温度为1000～1200℃(例如1020℃、1040℃、1060℃、1080℃、1100℃、1120℃、1140℃、1160℃、1180℃)。In step (2), the hot rolling may be hot continuous rolling. Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in step (2), the hot continuous rolling temperature is controlled to be 1000-1200°C (for example, 1020°C, 1040°C, 1060°C, 1080°C, 1100°C, 1120°C, 1140℃, 1160℃, 1180℃).

进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，在步骤(2)中，控制张减温度为900-1000℃(例如910℃、920℃、930℃、940℃、950℃、960℃、970℃、980℃、 990℃)。Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in step (2), the tension and relaxation temperature is controlled to be 900-1000°C (for example, 910°C, 920°C, 930°C, 940°C, 950°C, 960°C, 970°C ℃, 980℃, 990℃).

本发明的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管包括采用前述步骤(1)-(5)制得的经过冷拔管正火热处理、但未经过调质热处理的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管，还包括在冷拔管正火热处理后再进行调质热处理得到的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管。The high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of the present invention includes the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts prepared by the aforementioned steps (1)-(5), which has been cold-drawn and normalized and heat-treated, but has not been quenched and tempered. Seamless steel pipes also include high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts obtained by subjecting cold-drawn pipes to normalizing heat treatment and then quenching and tempering heat treatment.

进一步地，调质热处理的工艺可以为：进行淬火+回火热处理，其中淬火温度为880～920℃(例如890℃、900℃、910℃)，保温时间为0.5～2min(例如1min、1.5min)，而后水冷；回火温度为150～300℃(例如175℃、200℃、225℃、250℃、275℃)，保温时间为20～40min(例如25min、30min、35min)，而后空冷。Further, the process of quenching and tempering heat treatment may be: quenching + tempering heat treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 880-920°C (for example, 890°C, 900°C, 910°C), and the holding time is 0.5-2min (for example, 1min, 1.5min ), then water-cooled; the tempering temperature is 150~300℃ (such as 175℃, 200℃, 225℃, 250℃, 275℃), the holding time is 20~40min (such as 25min, 30min, 35min), and then air-cooled.

相较于现有技术，本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管及其制造方法具有如下所述的优点以及有益效果：Compared with the existing technology, the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts and its manufacturing method according to the present invention have the following advantages and beneficial effects:

在本发明中，发明人通过合理的成分匹配及工艺设计，可以获得一种全新的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管，其不仅具有十分优异的加工性能，并且在调质热处理前后均具有优异的力学性能，具有较好的塑韧性。In the present invention, through reasonable component matching and process design, the inventor can obtain a new high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts, which not only has very excellent processing performance, but also has excellent performance before and after quenching and tempering heat treatment. Excellent mechanical properties and good plastic toughness.

该高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管在经过冷拔管正火热处理后的组织为铁素体+珠光体，在进一步进行调质热处理后的组织为马氏体+体积相比例≤20％的残余奥氏体。The structure of this high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel tube for motor shafts after cold-drawn normalizing heat treatment is ferrite + pearlite, and after further quenching and tempering heat treatment, the structure is martensite + volume phase ratio ≤ 20% of retained austenite.

本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管具有较好的室温力学性能、冷加工性能及良好的抗扭性能，其在经过冷拔管正火热处理后的屈服强度为420～540MPa，抗拉强度为550～680MPa，延伸率≥20％；且调质热处理后的硬度可达到55HRC以上，强塑积(抗拉强度和均匀延伸率的乘积)大于12000MPa％，能抵抗500KN以上的扭矩，其调质热处理后的屈服强度R_p0.2≥960MPa，抗拉强度R_m≥1260MPa，延伸率A₅₀≥8％，特别适用于制备承载高扭转载荷的电机轴类零部件，具有良好的推广前景和应用价值。The high-strength, tough and easy-to-cut seamless steel tube for motor shafts according to the present invention has good room temperature mechanical properties, cold working properties and good torsion resistance. Its yield strength after normalizing heat treatment of cold drawn tubes is 420-540MPa. The tensile strength is 550~680MPa, the elongation is ≥20%; and the hardness after quenching and tempering heat treatment can reach more than 55HRC, the strong plastic product (the product of tensile strength and uniform elongation) is more than 12000MPa%, and it can resist torque of more than 500KN , its yield strength after quenching and tempering heat treatment R _p0.2 ≥ 960MPa, tensile strength R _m ≥ 1260MPa, elongation A ₅₀ ≥ 8%, is particularly suitable for preparing motor shaft parts carrying high torsional loads, and has good Promotion prospects and application value.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1为实施例1的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管在经过调质热处理后的金相组织照片。 Figure 1 is a photo of the metallographic structure of the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel tube for motor shafts in Example 1 after quenching and tempering heat treatment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合说明书附图和具体的实施例对本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管及其制造方法做进一步的解释和说明，然而该解释和说明并不对本发明的技术方案构成不当限定。The high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts and its manufacturing method according to the present invention will be further explained and described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples of the description. However, this explanation and description do not constitute the technical solution of the present invention. Improper restrictions.

实施例1-10和对比例1-2Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2

本发明所述实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管均采用以下步骤制得：The high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts in Examples 1-10 of the present invention and the comparative steel pipes in Comparative Examples 1-2 are both made by the following steps:

(1)按照表1所示的化学元素的质量百分配比利用电炉+精炼浇注成管坯，并连铸切割到得到所需尺寸管坯。(1) According to the mass percentage of chemical elements shown in Table 1, use electric furnace + refining to cast the tube blank, and continuously cast and cut it to obtain the required size tube blank.

(2)加热、穿孔、热轧和张减：将管坯在1220～1280℃加热保温60～150min，再在1150～1250℃之间进行高温穿孔，而后在1000-1200℃之间进行热连轧，完成热连轧后进一步进行张减，并控制张减温度为900-1000℃。(2) Heating, perforation, hot rolling and tension reduction: heat and maintain the tube blank at 1220~1280℃ for 60~150min, then perform high temperature perforation between 1150~1250℃, and then heat connect between 1000~1200℃ After completing the hot continuous rolling, the tension and reduction are further carried out, and the tension and reduction temperature is controlled to 900-1000°C.

(3)中间热处理：将热轧管料在750～880℃温度区间进行退火，保温时间为30～80min。(3) Intermediate heat treatment: anneal the hot-rolled pipe material in the temperature range of 750 to 880°C, and the holding time is 30 to 80 minutes.

(4)冷拔：中间热处理完成后，进一步冷拔至所需规格和尺寸精度。(4) Cold drawing: After the intermediate heat treatment is completed, it is further cold drawn to the required specifications and dimensional accuracy.

(5)冷拔管正火热处理：在800～880℃温度区间进行正火，保温时间为30～60min，控制炉内气氛，保证无全脱碳，半脱碳深度≤150μm，获得铁素体+珠光体组织。(5) Normalizing heat treatment of cold drawn tube: Normalize in the temperature range of 800~880℃, the holding time is 30~60min, control the atmosphere in the furnace to ensure that there is no complete decarburization, the depth of semi-decarburization is ≤150μm, and ferrite is obtained +Pearlite tissue.

需要说明的是，本发明所述实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管的化学元素成分和相关工艺设计均满足本发明设计规范要求。而对比例1-2的对比钢管虽然也采用上述工艺步骤制得，但其化学元素成分和/或相关工艺参数存在不符合本发明设计的参数。It should be noted that the chemical element composition and related process design of the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts in Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention meet the requirements of the design specifications of the present invention. Although the comparative steel pipes of Comparative Examples 1-2 were also produced using the above-mentioned process steps, their chemical element composition and/or related process parameters had parameters that were not in compliance with the design of the present invention.

表1列出了实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管中各化学元素质量百分比。Table 1 lists the mass percentage of each chemical element in the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts of Examples 1-10 and the comparative steel pipe of Comparative Examples 1-2.

表1.(余量为Fe和除P、O外其他的不可避免的杂质)

Table 1. (The balance is Fe and other unavoidable impurities except P and O)

表2列出了实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管在上述制造工艺步骤中所采用的具体工艺参数。Table 2 lists the specific process parameters used in the above manufacturing process steps for the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts of Examples 1-10 and the comparative steel pipes of Comparative Examples 1-2.

表2.
Table 2.

将制备的实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管分别取样，并对各实施例和对比例的钢管在未经过调质热处理前的各项性能进行测试，以获得调质前的常温力学性能，相关力学性能的测试结果列于表3中。The prepared high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts of Examples 1-10 and the comparative steel pipes of Comparative Examples 1-2 were respectively sampled, and each of the steel pipes of each Example and Comparative Example was analyzed before being subjected to quenching and tempering heat treatment. These properties were tested to obtain the normal temperature mechanical properties before quenching and tempering. The test results of the relevant mechanical properties are listed in Table 3.

相关性能检测手段如下所述：Relevant performance testing methods are as follows:

拉伸试验：按照根据GB/T 228.1-2010金属材料拉伸试验第1部分：室温拉伸试验方法，以测试获得在未经过调质热处理前的各实施例和对比例的钢管在室温下的屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率数值。 Tensile test: According to GB/T 228.1-2010 Tensile test of metal materials Part 1: Tensile test method at room temperature, to test the steel pipes obtained in each example and comparative example before quenching and tempering heat treatment at room temperature. Yield strength, tensile strength and elongation values.

表3列出了在未经过调质热处理前的实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管的性能测试结果。Table 3 lists the performance test results of the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts of Examples 1-10 and the comparative steel pipes of Comparative Examples 1-2 before quenching and tempering heat treatment.

表3.
table 3.

从上述表3之中可以看出，在未经过调质热处理前，实施例1-10已经具备了十分优异的力学性能，其屈服强度Rp0.2在434-528MPa之间，其抗拉强度R_m在572-662MPa之间，其延伸率A₅₀在21-34％之间。It can be seen from the above Table 3 that before quenching and tempering heat treatment, Examples 1-10 already have very excellent mechanical properties, their yield strength Rp0.2 is between 434-528MPa, and their tensile strength R _m is between 572-662MPa, and its elongation A ₅₀ is between 21-34%.

相应地，为了进一步说明本发明所述的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管在经过调质热处理后仍然具有十分优异的性能，发明人进一步对制备的实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管分别取样，并对各实施例和对比例的钢管进行调质热处理，控制调质热处理的工艺为进行淬火+回火调质热处理，其中淬火温度为880～920℃，保温时间为0.5～2min，而后水冷；回火温度为150～300℃，保温时间为20～40min，而后空冷。Correspondingly, in order to further illustrate that the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to the present invention still has very excellent performance after quenching and tempering heat treatment, the inventor further studied the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes prepared in Examples 1-10. Seamless steel pipes for motor shafts and comparative steel pipes of Comparative Examples 1-2 were sampled separately, and the steel pipes of each Example and Comparative Example were subjected to quenching and tempering heat treatment. The controlled quenching and tempering heat treatment process was quenching + tempering quenching and tempering heat treatment, where The quenching temperature is 880~920℃, the holding time is 0.5~2min, and then water-cooled; the tempering temperature is 150~300℃, the holding time is 20~40min, and then air-cooled.

表4列出了实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管在调质热处理中所采用的具体工艺参数。Table 4 lists the specific process parameters used in the quenching and tempering heat treatment of the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts in Examples 1-10 and the comparative steel pipes in Comparative Examples 1-2.

表4.

Table 4.

在完成对于实施例和对比例样品钢管的调质热处理后，发明人进一步对调质热处理后的钢管进行力学性能测试，以测得钢管在调质热处理后的性能，相关力学性能测试结果列于下述表5之中。After completing the quenching and tempering heat treatment of the steel pipes of the examples and comparative examples, the inventor further conducted a mechanical property test on the quenched and tempered heat treated steel pipes to measure the performance of the steel pipes after quenching and tempering heat treatment. The relevant mechanical property test results are listed below in Table 5.

在对调质热处理后的实施例1-10和对比例1-2的钢管进行力学性能测试时，其所进行的拉伸试验过程同上述表3的测试过程，其同样可以对应测试调质热处理后的实施例1-10和对比例1-2的钢管的屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率。When testing the mechanical properties of the steel pipes of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 after quenching and tempering heat treatment, the tensile test process is the same as the test process in Table 3 above. It can also be used to test the steel pipes after quenching and tempering heat treatment. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the steel pipes of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2.

此外，还进一步地对调质热处理后的各实施例和对比例钢管的淬透性进行了测试。相关测试手段如下所述：In addition, the hardenability of the steel pipes of various examples and comparative examples after quenching and tempering heat treatment was further tested. The relevant testing methods are as follows:

硬度测试试验：采用洛氏硬度测定仪，以测得调质热处理后的实施例1-10和对比例1-2的钢管的硬度(HRC)。Hardness test: Use a Rockwell hardness tester to measure the hardness (HRC) of the steel pipes of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 after quenching and tempering heat treatment.

抗扭转性能测试：利用静扭试验装置，以测得调质热处理后的实施例1-10和对比例1-2的钢管的抗扭转性能。Anti-torsion performance test: Use a static torsion test device to measure the anti-torsion performance of the steel pipes of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 after quenching and tempering heat treatment.

表5列出了经过调质热处理后的实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管的性能测试结果。Table 5 lists the performance test results of the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts of Examples 1-10 and the comparative steel pipes of Comparative Examples 1-2 after quenching and tempering heat treatment.

表5.

table 5.

注：在上述表4之中，Rm×A₅₀为强塑积，其是抗拉强度和延伸率的乘积。Note: In the above Table 4, Rm×A ₅₀ is the strong plastic product, which is the product of tensile strength and elongation.

由表5可以看出，在调质热处理后，相较于对比例1-2的对比钢管，本发明所述实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管的综合性能明显更优。It can be seen from Table 5 that after quenching and tempering heat treatment, the comprehensive performance of the high-strength and easy-cutting seamless steel pipes for motor shafts of Examples 1-10 of the present invention is significantly better than that of the comparative steel pipes of Comparative Examples 1-2. excellent.

参阅表5可知，本发明所获得的实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管均具有优异的力学性能，其屈服强度Rp_0.2在991-1195MPa之间，其抗拉强度R_m在1289-1762MPa之间，延伸率在9-15％之间，其强塑性R_m×A₅₀在14256-24668MPa％之间，硬度在55-61HRC之间，且抗扭转性能在503-599KN之间。Referring to Table 5, it can be seen that the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts obtained in Examples 1-10 of the present invention all have excellent mechanical properties, with a yield strength Rp _0.2 between 991-1195MPa, and a tensile strength R _m is between 1289-1762MPa, elongation is between 9-15%, its strong plasticity R _m ×A ₅₀ is between 14256-24668MPa%, hardness is between 55-61HRC, and torsion resistance is between 503-599KN between.

而对比例1和对比例2的强塑积和抗扭性能均低于实施例1-10，其所得的强塑积以及抗扭转性能均无法满足本发明所规定的要求。However, the strong plastic volume and torsion resistance properties of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are lower than those of Examples 1-10, and the obtained strong plastic volume and torsion resistance properties cannot meet the requirements stipulated in the present invention.

这种设计使得对比例1-2所制备的对比钢管的至少一项力学性能并未能达到本发明提出的高强韧、易切削的要求。This design makes at least one of the mechanical properties of the comparative steel pipes prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 fail to meet the requirements of high strength, toughness and easy cutting proposed by the present invention.

此外，完成上述力学性能性能的检测后，发明人还对各实施例和对比例经过调质热处理后的钢管进行了取样，并对其微观组织进行观察和分析，相关观察和分析结果如下述表6所示。本发明中，采用蔡司(ZEISS)光学显微镜观察微观组织，采用X射线衍射(XRD)分析残余奥氏体的比例。In addition, after completing the above-mentioned testing of mechanical properties, the inventor also sampled the steel pipes after quenching and tempering heat treatment in each embodiment and comparative example, and observed and analyzed the microstructure. The relevant observation and analysis results are as follows: 6 shown. In the present invention, a Zeiss optical microscope is used to observe the microstructure, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to analyze the proportion of retained austenite.

表6列出了经过调质热处理后的实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管和对比例1-2的对比钢管的微观组织观察分析结果。Table 6 lists the microstructure observation and analysis results of the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel pipes for motor shafts of Examples 1-10 and the comparative steel pipes of Comparative Examples 1-2 after quenching and tempering heat treatment.

表6.

Table 6.

由上述表6可以看出，在经过调质热处理后，实施例1-10的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管均获得了马氏体+残余奥氏体的微观组织，且其残余奥氏体的体积相比例均≤20％，具体的体积相比例在6-19％之间。It can be seen from the above Table 6 that after quenching and tempering heat treatment, the high-strength and easy-cutting seamless steel pipes for motor shafts of Examples 1-10 all obtained a microstructure of martensite + retained austenite, and the retained austenite The volume phase ratio of stenite is ≤20%, and the specific volume phase ratio is between 6-19%.

图1为实施例1的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管在经过调质热处理后的金相组织照片。Figure 1 is a photo of the metallographic structure of the high-strength, easy-to-cut seamless steel tube for motor shafts in Example 1 after quenching and tempering heat treatment.

如图1所示，在该实施方式中，实施例1的高强韧易切削电机轴用无缝钢管在经过调质热处理后，其微观组织为马氏体+残余奥氏体，且该实施方式中，其残余奥氏体的体积相比例为15％。As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, after the high-strength and easy-to-cut seamless steel pipe for motor shafts in Example 1 has been quenched and tempered, its microstructure is martensite + retained austenite, and this embodiment Among them, the volume phase ratio of retained austenite is 15%.

需要说明的是，本案中各技术特征的组合方式并不限本案权利要求中所记载的组合方式或是具体实施例所记载的组合方式，本案记载的所有技术特征可以以任何方式进行自由组合或结合，除非相互之间产生矛盾。It should be noted that the combination of each technical feature in this case is not limited to the combination described in the claims of this case or the combination described in the specific embodiments. All the technical features recorded in this case can be freely combined in any way or combination, unless there is a conflict between them.

还需要注意的是，以上所列举的实施例仅为本发明的具体实施例。显然本发明不局限于以上实施例，随之做出的类似变化或变形是本领域技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接得出或者很容易便联想到的，均应属于本发明的保护范围。 It should also be noted that the embodiments listed above are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and subsequent similar changes or deformations that those skilled in the art can directly derive from the disclosed content of the present invention or can easily associate them should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. .

Claims

一种电机轴用无缝钢管，其含有Fe和不可避免的杂质元素，其特征在于，其还含有质量百分含量如下的下述各化学元素：A seamless steel pipe for motor shafts, which contains Fe and inevitable impurity elements. It is characterized in that it also contains the following chemical elements in the following mass percentages:

C：0.32～0.48％，0＜Si≤0.20％，Mn：0.5～1.2％，S：0.02～0.10％，Cr：0.6～1.5％，Mo：0.15～0.35％，Cu≤0.25％，Ni≤0.25％，Ce+La≤0.015％，Al：0.015～0.045％，Ca+Mg：0.001～0.006％。C: 0.32～0.48%, 0<Si≤0.20%, Mn: 0.5～1.2%, S: 0.02～0.10%, Cr: 0.6～1.5%, Mo: 0.15～0.35%, Cu≤0.25%, Ni≤0.25 %, Ce+La≤0.015%, Al: 0.015～0.045%, Ca+Mg: 0.001～0.006%.
如权利要求1所述的电机轴用无缝钢管，其特征在于，其各化学元素质量百分比为：The seamless steel pipe for motor shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass percentage of each chemical element is:

C：0.32～0.48％，0＜Si≤0.20％，Mn：0.5～1.2％，S：0.02～0.10％，Cr：0.6～1.5％，Mo：0.15～0.35％，Cu≤0.25％，Ni≤0.25％，Ce+La≤0.015％，Al：0.015～0.045％，Ca+Mg：0.001～0.006％；余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。C: 0.32～0.48%, 0<Si≤0.20%, Mn: 0.5～1.2%, S: 0.02～0.10%, Cr: 0.6～1.5%, Mo: 0.15～0.35%, Cu≤0.25%, Ni≤0.25 %, Ce+La≤0.015%, Al: 0.015~0.045%, Ca+Mg: 0.001~0.006%; the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
如权利要求1或2所述的电机轴用无缝钢管，其特征在于，在不可避免的杂质中，P≤0.015％，O≤0.0030％。The seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that among the inevitable impurities, P≤0.015% and O≤0.0030%.
如权利要求3所述的电机轴用无缝钢管，其特征在于，在不可避免的杂质中，P≤0.015％，O≤0.0020％。The seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that among the inevitable impurities, P≤0.015% and O≤0.0020%.
如权利要求1或2所述的电机轴用无缝钢管，其特征在于，其各化学元素质量百分含量进一步满足下述各项的至少其中之一：The seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mass percentage content of each chemical element further satisfies at least one of the following items:

C：0.38～0.45％，C: 0.38～0.45%,

0＜Si≤0.15％，0＜Si≤0.15%,

Mn：0.6～0.9％，Mn: 0.6～0.9%,

S：0.04～0.06％，S: 0.04～0.06%,

Cr：0.8～1.2％，Cr: 0.8～1.2%,

Cu：0.1～0.25％，Cu: 0.1～0.25%,

Ni：0.1～0.25％，Ni: 0.1～0.25%,

Al：0.015～0.035％，Al: 0.015～0.035%,

Ce+La：0.001～0.01％，Ce+La: 0.001～0.01%,

Ca+Mg：0.001～0.004％。Ca+Mg: 0.001～0.004%.
如权利要求1或2所述的电机轴用无缝钢管，其特征在于，所述电机轴用无缝钢管未经调质热处理的微观组织为铁素体+珠光体。The seamless steel pipe for motor shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the motor shaft is made of The microstructure of seamless steel pipe without quenching and tempering heat treatment is ferrite + pearlite.
如权利要求1或2所述的电机轴用无缝钢管，其特征在于，所述电机轴用无缝钢管经过调质热处理的微观组织为马氏体+体积相比例≤20％的残余奥氏体。The seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the microstructure of the seamless steel pipe for motor shafts after quenching and tempering heat treatment is martensite + retained austenite with a volume phase ratio of ≤ 20%. body.
如权利要求1或2所述的电机轴用无缝钢管，其特征在于，所述电机轴用无缝钢管未经调质热处理的屈服强度为420～540MPa，抗拉强度为550～680MPa，延伸率≥20％。The seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the yield strength of the seamless steel pipe for motor shafts without quenching and tempering heat treatment is 420-540MPa, and the tensile strength is 550-680MPa. Rate ≥ 20%.
如权利要求1或2所述的电机轴用无缝钢管，其特征在于，所述电机轴用无缝钢管经过调质热处理的性能满足：屈服强度Rp_0.2≥960MPa，抗拉强度R_m≥1260MPa，延伸率A₅₀≥8％，其硬度≥55HRC，强塑积大于12000MPa％，抗扭转性能≥500KN。The seamless steel pipe for motor shafts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the performance of the seamless steel pipe for motor shafts after quenching and tempering heat treatment satisfies: yield strength Rp _0.2 ≥ 960MPa, tensile strength R _m ≥ 1260MPa , elongation A ₅₀ ≥ 8%, its hardness ≥ 55HRC, strong plastic product greater than 12000MPa%, torsion resistance ≥ 500KN.
一种如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的电机轴用无缝钢管的制造方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：A method for manufacturing a seamless steel pipe for a motor shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it includes the steps:

(1)制得管坯；(1) Prepare tube blank;

(2)加热、穿孔、热轧和张减；(2) Heating, piercing, hot rolling and tensioning;

(3)中间热处理：将热轧管料在750～880℃温度区间进行退火，保温时间为30～80min；(3) Intermediate heat treatment: anneal the hot-rolled pipe material in the temperature range of 750 to 880°C, and the holding time is 30 to 80 minutes;

(4)冷拔；(4) Cold drawing;

(5)冷拔管正火热处理：在800～880℃温度区间进行正火，保温时间为30～60min，以获得铁素体+珠光体组织。(5) Normalizing heat treatment of cold drawn tube: Normalize in the temperature range of 800 to 880°C, and the holding time is 30 to 60 minutes to obtain the ferrite + pearlite structure.
如权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于，在步骤(2)中，将管坯在1220～1280℃加热保温60～150min。The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that in step (2), the tube blank is heated and kept at 1220-1280°C for 60-150 minutes.
如权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于，在步骤(2)中，控制穿孔温度为1150～1250℃。The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that in step (2), the perforation temperature is controlled to be 1150-1250°C.
如权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于，在步骤(2)中，热轧为热连轧，控制热连轧温度为1000-1200℃。The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that in step (2), the hot rolling is hot continuous rolling, and the hot continuous rolling temperature is controlled to be 1000-1200°C.
如权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于，在步骤(2)中，控制张减温度为900-1000℃。The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that in step (2), the tension and relaxation temperature is controlled to be 900-1000°C.
如权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述制造方法包括在步骤(5)后进行调质热处理，调质热处理的工艺为：进行淬火+回火调质热处理，其中淬火温度为880～920℃，保温时间为0.5～2min，而后水冷；回火温度为150～300℃，保温时间为20～40min，而后空冷。 The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that the manufacturing method includes performing quenching and tempering heat treatment after step (5), and the quenching and tempering heat treatment process is: quenching + tempering quenching and tempering heat treatment Treatment, the quenching temperature is 880~920℃, the holding time is 0.5~2min, and then water-cooled; the tempering temperature is 150~300℃, the holding time is 20~40min, and then air-cooled.