WO2023241001A1 - 一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合*** - Google Patents
一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023241001A1 WO2023241001A1 PCT/CN2022/142461 CN2022142461W WO2023241001A1 WO 2023241001 A1 WO2023241001 A1 WO 2023241001A1 CN 2022142461 W CN2022142461 W CN 2022142461W WO 2023241001 A1 WO2023241001 A1 WO 2023241001A1
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- natural gas
- waste heat
- pressure economizer
- hot water
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/003—Feed-water heater systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
Definitions
- typical large-scale H and F-class combined cycle units adopt the solution of pumping hot water from waste heat boilers to heat natural gas to improve the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle unit.
- a combined cycle unit equipped with a Siemens F-class gas turbine heats the gas turbine inlet natural gas to about 200°C by pumping hot water from the outlet of the medium-pressure economizer;
- a combined cycle unit equipped with a Siemens F-class gas turbine saves coal by Hot water is extracted from the outlet of the gas turbine to heat the natural gas at the gas turbine inlet to about 215°C;
- H and F-class combined cycle units equipped with GE use waste heat boiler hot water to heat the natural gas to 227°C.
- the exhaust temperature of the waste heat boiler of advanced large-scale H and F-class combined cycle units is generally around 85°C.
- the sulfur content in the natural gas used as fuel for combined cycle units is generally negligible, so there is no need to consider issues such as acid corrosion of the waste heat boiler.
- the corresponding exhaust dew point temperature of the waste heat boiler is equal to the water dew point temperature of the flue gas. Therefore, theoretically, the ultimate temperature that the waste heat boiler flue gas can drop to is about 60°C (considering that the flue gas temperature should be 10°C higher than the dew point temperature).
- large-scale H and F-class combined cycle units make little use of the waste heat of the flue gas at the end of the waste heat boiler.
- the purpose of this application is to utilize the waste heat of the power plant, consider the full utilization of the waste heat of the tail flue gas of the waste heat boiler of the combined cycle unit, and provide a kind of waste heat of the tail flue gas of the waste heat boiler based on the goal of increasing the power generation output of the power plant and improving the thermal economy of the power plant. Utilizes coupling system with natural gas heating.
- the low-pressure economizer hot water pumping system is used to pump the hot water from the outlet of the low-pressure economizer into the first-stage heat exchanger of the natural gas heating system. After exchanging heat with the natural gas and cooling down, the hot water returns to the low-pressure economizer. before, and mixed with the feed water entering the low-pressure economizer;
- a further improvement of this application is that the hot water extracted from the outlet of the medium-pressure economizer has a temperature of 255°C.
- a further improvement of this application is that the initial temperature of natural gas in the natural gas heating system is 15°C.
- 1A is the low-pressure economizer
- 1B is the hot water pipe at the outlet of the low-pressure economizer
- 1C is the return water pipe
- this application provides a coupling system for utilization of waste heat from waste heat boiler tail flue gas and natural gas heating, including:
- Low-pressure economizer hot water pumping system 1 When the waste heat boiler is operating normally, hot water of about 155°C is pumped out from the outlet of the low-pressure economizer 1A. This hot water enters the natural gas heating system 3 from the hot water pumping pipe 1B at the outlet of the low-pressure economizer.
- the natural gas is heated in the first-stage heat exchanger 3A, and the hot water is cooled to about 75°C after heat exchange in the first-stage heat exchanger 3A, and returns to the entrance of the low-pressure economizer 1A through the return pipe 1C, and enters the waste heat
- the feed water of the boiler is mixed; after the natural gas temperature is heated to about 135°C, it leaves the first-stage heat exchanger 3A and enters the second-stage heat exchanger 3D.
- the approximately 255°C hot water extracted from the medium-pressure economizer hot water pumping system 2 enters the second-stage heat exchanger 3D to continue heating the natural gas; after the natural gas is heated to 215°C, it leaves the second-stage heat exchanger 3D and enters the gas turbine. , and the 255°C hot water is cooled to about 153°C after heat exchange and then returns to the inlet of low-pressure economizer 1A.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,包括:低压省煤器抽热水***(1),用于从低压省煤器(1A)出口抽出的热水进入天然气加热***(3)的第一级换热器(3A)中,经与天然气换热降温后,热水返回至低压省煤器(1A)前,与进入低压省煤器(1A)的给水掺混;中压省煤器抽热水***(2),用于从中压省煤器(2A)出口抽出的热水进入天然气加热***(3)的第二级换热器(3D)中,经与天然气换热降温后,热水返回至低压省煤器(1A)前,与进入低压省煤器(1A)的给水掺混;天然气加热***(3),第一级换热器(3A)的热水来自低压省煤器(1A)出口,第二级换热器(3D)的热水来自中压省煤器(2A)的出口,加热后的天然气则送入燃气轮机中。该耦合***考虑联合循环机组余热锅炉尾部烟气余热的充分利用,从而增加了电厂发电出力以及电厂热经济性。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年6月16日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210685184.4、发明名称为“一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用的方式并入本文中。
本申请属于电厂余热利用领域,具体涉及一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***。
目前典型的大型H、F级联合循环机组均采用从余热锅炉抽热水用于加热天然气的方案,以达到提升联合循环机组的热效率。例如,配备有西门子F级燃气轮机的联合循环机组,通过从中压省煤器出口抽出热水将燃气轮机入口天然气加热至约200℃;配备有西门子F级燃气轮机的联合循环机组,则通过从中压省煤器出口抽出热水将燃气轮机入口天然气加热至约215℃;配备有GE的H、F级联合循环机组则利用余热锅炉热水将天然气加热至227℃。
目前先进的大型H、F级联合循环机组的余热锅炉排烟温度一般为85℃左右。联合循环机组的燃料天然气中一般含硫量可忽略不计,因此无需考虑余热锅炉的酸腐蚀等问题,相应的余热锅炉排烟露点温度等于烟气的水露点温度。因此,理论上,余热锅炉烟气可降至的极限温度为约60℃(考虑烟气温度应高出露点温度10℃)。但是目前大型H、F级联合循环机组对于余热锅炉尾部烟气余热的利用较少,我国南方的部分联合循环电厂通过在余热锅炉尾部额外布置烟气换热器,利用余热锅炉尾部烟气余热生成热水后用于制冷,以供厂内舒适性用冷,但是由于该项技术仅可在机组运行时才可对厂内 提供舒适性用冷,与电厂需要舒适性用冷的时间段无法恰好吻合,并且机组停机时电厂必须得依靠电制冷才可满足舒适性用冷需要。因此,该项技术在实际利用中存在明显弊端,在电厂中的推广利用也较少,大部分电厂余热锅炉尾部烟气余热均无法得到有效利用而白白浪费。
发明内容
本申请的目的是针对电厂的余热利用,考虑联合循环机组余热锅炉尾部烟气余热的充分利用,从增加电厂发电出力,提升电厂热经济性的目标出发,提供了一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***。
本申请采用如下技术方案来实现的:
一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,包括:
低压省煤器抽热水***,用于从低压省煤器出口抽出的热水进入天然气加热***的第一级换热器中,经与天然气换热降温后,热水返回至低压省煤器前,并与进低压省煤器的给水掺混;
中压省煤器抽热水***,用于从中压省煤器出口抽出的热水进入天然气加热***的第二级换热器中,经与天然气换热降温后,热水返回至低压省煤器前,并与进低压省煤器的给水掺混;
天然气加热***,由两个串联布置的第一级换热器和第二级换热器组成,其中第一级换热器的热水来自低压省煤器出口,第二级换热器的热水来自中压省煤器的出口,加热后的天然气则送入燃气轮机中。
本申请进一步的改进在于,从低压省煤器出口抽出的热水有155℃。
本申请进一步的改进在于,热水在第一级换热器换热降温后至75℃。
本申请进一步的改进在于,天然气在第一级换热器中被加热至135℃。
本申请进一步的改进在于,从中压省煤器出口抽出的热水有255℃。
本申请进一步的改进在于,热水在第二级换热器换热降温后至155℃。
本申请进一步的改进在于,天然气在第二级换热器中被加热至215℃。
本申请进一步的改进在于,天然气加热***中的天然气初始温度为15℃。
本申请至少具有如下有益的技术效果:
与联合循环机组采用的传统的仅使用中压省煤器出口抽取热水用于加热天然气的方案相比,本申请提供的一种余热锅炉余热利用与天然气加热耦 合***,可使大部分用于加热天然气的热量均采用低品位的余热锅炉尾部烟气余热来代替,并将中压省煤器处高品位的烟气热能用于产生更多的再热和低压蒸汽,既实现了余热锅炉尾部烟气余热的充分利用,又提升机组出力。与传统的仅使用中压省煤器出口抽取热水用于加热天然气的方案相比,通过是使用本申请的一种余热锅炉余热利用与天然气加热耦合***,可增加热再蒸汽流量约0.15kg/s、增加低压蒸汽流量约0.16kg/s,增加汽机出力约260kW。
图1为本申请的整体***示意图。
附图标记说明:
1为低压省煤器抽热水***;2为中压省煤器抽热水***;3为天然气加热***;
1A为低压省煤器;1B为低压省煤器出口抽热水管道;1C为回水管道;
2A为中压省煤器;2B为中压省煤器出口抽热水管道;2C为回水管道;
3A为第一级换热器;3B为第一级换热器进口天然气管道;3C为第一级换热器出口天然气管道;3D为第二级换热器;3E为第二级换热器出口天然气管道。
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本申请的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本申请的示例性实施例,然而应当理解,可以以各种形式实现本申请而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反,提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本申请,并且能够将本申请的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
如图1所示,本申请提供的一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,包括:
低压省煤器抽热水***1,在余热锅炉正常运行时,从低压省煤器1A出口抽出约155℃热水,该热水从低压省煤器出口抽热水管道1B进入天然气加热***3的第一级换热器3A中加热天然气,热水在第一级换热器3A 换热降温后至约75℃,并经回水管道1C返回至低压省煤器1A入口处,与进入余热锅炉的给水进行掺混;天然气温度被加热至约135℃后,离开第一级换热器3A,进入第二级换热器3D中。
中压省煤器抽热水***2,在余热锅炉正常运行时,从中压省煤器2A出口抽出约255℃热水,该热水将进入天然气加热***3的第二级换热器出口天然气管道3E中加热天然气;热水在第二级换热器出口天然气管道3E换热降温至约155℃,将回到低压省煤器1A入口处,与进入余热锅炉的给水进行掺混;天然气温度被加热至215℃后,离开第二级换热器3D进入燃气轮机。
天然气加热***3,在余热锅炉正常运行时,天然气进入天然气加热***3中进行加热。首先15℃天然气进入第一级换热器3A中,并从低压省煤器抽热水***1中抽出的约155℃热水进入第一级换热器3A中加热天然气;天然气被加热至约135℃后离开第一级换热器3A,而155℃热水经换热降温至75℃后则回到低压省煤器1A入口处;加热后的天然气进入第二级换热器3D中,并从中压省煤器抽热水***2中抽出的约255℃热水进入第二级换热器3D中继续加热天然气;天然气被加热至215℃后离开第二级换热器3D进入燃气轮机中,而255℃热水经换热降温至约153℃后则回到低压省煤器1A入口处。
实施例及应用效果:
某机组在100%负荷下,通过采用本申请的一种余热锅炉余热利用与天然气加热耦合***,从低压省煤器出口抽取约19.6kg/s的约155℃热水进入天然气加热***的第一级换热器中将天然气从15℃加热到约135℃,再从中压省煤器出口抽取约9.11kg/s的约250℃的热水进入天然气加热***的第二级换热器中将天然气从135℃加热到约215℃。如该机组采用传统的仅使用中压省煤器出口抽取热水用于加热天然气的方案则需从中压省煤器出口抽取约13.636kg/s的约250℃的热水加热天然气。与传统的仅使用中压省煤器出口抽取热水用于加热天然气的方案相比,通过是使用本申请的一种余热锅炉余热利用与天然气加热耦合***,可增加热再蒸汽流量约0.15kg/s、增加低压蒸汽流量约0.16kg/s,增加汽机出力约260kW。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本申请作了详尽的描 述,但在本申请基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本申请精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本申请要求保护的范围。
Claims (8)
- 余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,其特征在于,包括:低压省煤器抽热水***,用于从低压省煤器出口抽出的热水进入天然气加热***的第一级换热器中,经与天然气换热降温后,热水返回至低压省煤器前,并与进低压省煤器的给水掺混;中压省煤器抽热水***,用于从中压省煤器出口抽出的热水进入天然气加热***的第二级换热器中,经与天然气换热降温后,热水返回至低压省煤器前,并与进低压省煤器的给水掺混;天然气加热***,由两个串联布置的第一级换热器和第二级换热器组成,其中第一级换热器的热水来自低压省煤器出口,第二级换热器的热水来自中压省煤器的出口,加热后的天然气则送入燃气轮机中。
- 根据权利要求1所述的余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,其特征在于,从低压省煤器出口抽出的热水有155℃。
- 根据权利要求2所述的余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,其特征在于,热水在第一级换热器换热降温后至75℃。
- 根据权利要求2所述的余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,其特征在于,天然气在第一级换热器中被加热至135℃。
- 根据权利要求1所述的余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,其特征在于,从中压省煤器出口抽出的热水有255℃。
- 根据权利要求5所述的余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,其特征在于,热水在第二级换热器换热降温后至155℃。
- 根据权利要求5所述的余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦 合***,其特征在于,天然气在第二级换热器中被加热至215℃。
- 根据权利要求1所述的余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合***,其特征在于,天然气加热***中的天然气初始温度为15℃。
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CN115183222A (zh) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-10-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合*** |
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US6269626B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-08-07 | Duk M. Kim | Regenerative fuel heating system |
DE102007054467A1 (de) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-20 | Triesch, Frank, Dr. Ing. | Verfahren zur Brennstoffvorwärmung |
EP2824293A1 (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-01-14 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Power plant with integrated fuel gas preheating |
CN103644032A (zh) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-19 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | 燃机电厂余热锅炉中压给水梯级利用加热天然气*** |
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CN115183222A (zh) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-10-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种余热锅炉尾部烟气余热利用与天然气加热的耦合*** |
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