WO2023231904A1 - 一种牙科器械及牙齿矫治*** - Google Patents
一种牙科器械及牙齿矫治*** Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023231904A1 WO2023231904A1 PCT/CN2023/096356 CN2023096356W WO2023231904A1 WO 2023231904 A1 WO2023231904 A1 WO 2023231904A1 CN 2023096356 W CN2023096356 W CN 2023096356W WO 2023231904 A1 WO2023231904 A1 WO 2023231904A1
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- Prior art keywords
- type
- shell
- protrusion
- dental
- protrusions
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- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 210000000515 tooth Anatomy 0.000 description 97
- 210000001847 jaw Anatomy 0.000 description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 206010061274 Malocclusion Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 208000006650 Overbite Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 210000002455 dental arch Anatomy 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004763 bicuspid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000002050 maxilla Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C11/00—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/08—Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present application belong to the field of dental orthodontic technology, more specifically to dental appliance manufacturing technology, and in particular to a dental appliance and a dental orthodontic system.
- Malocclusion refers to the imbalance in the position and relationship of teeth, dental arches, jaws, and craniofacial faces. Common symptoms include crowding of teeth, gaps between teeth, crossbite, etc. Most malocclusions are caused by congenital genetic factors or acquired environmental factors during the growth and development of children, such as diseases, bad oral habits, tooth replacement disorders, etc. They can also be caused by trauma, periodontal disease, etc. after growth and development. Causes include misaligned teeth, abnormal occlusal relationship between the upper and lower dental arches, abnormal jaw size, shape and position, facial deformities, etc.
- Shell-shaped dental braces are a device used to treat malocclusion. They are made of safe, elastic and transparent polymer materials, allowing the correction process to be completed almost unnoticed by others. For cases of protruding face deformity involving sagittal jaw position factors, it is necessary to correct the jaw position through jaw position reconstruction to achieve mandibular advancement. According to different indications, the existing invisible braces commonly used for jaw position reconstruction are divided into two types: TB (abbreviation for Twin-block) and HB (abbreviation for Herbst). The main difference between the two types is whether the case has a deep overbite. If there is a deep overbite, TB will be selected. If there is no deep overbite and there is only deep overbite, HB will be selected.
- the posterior teeth will have a partial opening of 1-4mm due to curve problems after protrusion.
- simply using the HB appliance protrusion will cause the contact area of the posterior teeth to be too small.
- the technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present application is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art and provide a dental instrument and a dental correction system, so that under the action of the dental instrument, not only the relationship between the upper and lower jaws can be adjusted to normal, but also the wearing capacity can be increased at the same time. After the bite stability, try to improve the wearing comfort.
- a dental instrument including: a first shell-like body for accommodating maxillary teeth and a second shell-like body for accommodating mandibular teeth.
- the posterior teeth area of the first shell-like body is On the buccal or lingual side
- a first type of protruding part is provided, and a limiting part used in conjunction with the first type of protruding part is provided on the buccal or lingual side of the posterior tooth area of the second shell-shaped body, and the first type of protruding part is
- the raised portion interacts with the limiting portion to adjust the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws; the occlusal surface of the posterior region of the first shell-shaped body or the second shell-shaped body is provided with an occlusal surface facing toward the opposite jaw.
- the protruding second type of protruding part, the protruding height of the second type of protruding part compensates for the jaw opening space formed by the interaction between the first type of protruding part and the limiting part to stabilize the jaw opening. Occlusion status.
- the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application at least also includes: a dental orthodontic system, including the above-mentioned multiple sets of dental instruments, and the multiple sets of dental instruments include at least one set of the above-mentioned dental instruments.
- a first type of protrusion is provided on the buccal or lingual side of the posterior tooth area corresponding to the first shell-shaped body of the maxilla;
- the buccal or lingual side of the posterior tooth area of the second shell-shaped body corresponding to the mandible is provided with a limiting portion used in conjunction with the above-mentioned first type of protruding portion.
- a second type of protrusion is further provided on the occlusal surface of the posterior tooth area of the shell-shaped body to compensate for the open jaw space that occurs in the posterior tooth area when adjusting the relationship between the jaws.
- the first type of protrusion extends toward the second shell-shaped body along the gingival and maxillary direction, at least partially covering the buccal side of the second shell-like body, and the limiting portion extends along the gingival and maxillary direction.
- the mesial surface of the first type of protruding part interacts with the distal surface of the limiting part to sagittal
- the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws is adjusted in the sagittal direction, or the distal surface of the first type of protrusion interacts with the mesial surface of the limiting part to adjust the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction.
- the position and structure of the first-type protruding part and the limiting part are clarified, so that the first-type protruding part and the limiting part interact to adjust the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction.
- the second type of protrusion covers at least one tooth on the shell-like body located in the jaw opening space.
- the second type of protrusion is defined to cover at least one tooth so as to increase sufficient contact area to ensure the stability of the bite.
- the jaw opening space includes a corresponding space for the second molar
- the second type of protrusion covers at least one of the shell-shaped bodies located in the jaw opening space except for the second molar. teeth.
- the second type of protruding part is limited to not cover the second molar. Since the second molar is the last tooth, not having the second type of protruding part can not only avoid affecting the opening of the teeth, but also prevent the shell-like body from falling off during wearing. .
- the tooth position provided by the second type of protruding portion is different from the tooth position provided by the first type of protruding portion. Limit various types of protrusions to be located at different tooth positions to avoid too many accessories on the same tooth position and to maintain the rough uniformity of the appliance diaphragm.
- the first type of protrusions and the second type of protrusions are both disposed on the first shell-shaped body, and the second type of protrusions are disposed at the same tooth position as the third type of protrusions.
- the teeth of a type of raised portion are arranged adjacent to each other. Set on adjacent teeth, the adjustment of the inter-jaw relationship is close to the position of stabilizing the bite, which is more conducive to stabilizing the bite.
- the second type of protrusion is disposed corresponding to the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth of the opposite jaw. Defining the position of the second type of protrusion corresponds to the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth of the opposite jaw, so that the support force is better and the bite is more stable.
- the occlusal surface of the second type of protrusion matches the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth of the opposing jaw.
- the concave and convex matching of the occlusal surface is limited to further increase the contact area during occlusion to stabilize the occlusion state.
- the second type of protruding portion is provided with a reinforcing structure to enhance the strength of the second type of protruding portion. It is limited to provide a reinforcing structure for the second type of protrusions to increase the strength and avoid damage to the second type of protrusions.
- the reinforcing structure is a reinforcing rib provided on the buccal side and/or the lingual side of the second type of protrusion. Reinforcing ribs are clearly used as the reinforcing structure. Since the reinforcing ribs can be formed in one step during lamination and other processes, the design of the reinforcing ribs can reduce changes in the processing process and adapt to existing steps.
- the second type of raised portion is a hollow structure
- the reinforcing structure is a filling body built into the second type of raised portion.
- the method is simple and effective to increase the strength of the second type of protrusions by building a filler into the hollow structure.
- the elastic modulus of the material of the first type of protrusions and/or the second type of protrusions is greater than the elastic modulus of the material of the first shell-like body.
- the heights of the second type of protrusions along the long axis of the teeth in at least two sets of the dental instruments are inconsistent. It is limited to the process of orthodontic treatment. If the height of the jaw opening space changes as the orthodontic treatment progresses, then the height of the second type of protrusion along the long axis direction of the tooth can be set to change.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a first shell-shaped body in a dental instrument according to an embodiment of the present application
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a second shell-shaped body in a dental instrument according to an embodiment of the present application
- Figure 3 is a side view of the first shell-shaped body and the second shell-shaped body of the dental instrument in an engaged state according to an embodiment of the present application;
- Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the connection portion between the first type of protrusion and the first shell-shaped body in an embodiment of the present application;
- Figure 5 is a side view of the first shell-shaped body and the second shell-shaped body of the dental instrument in an engaged state according to an embodiment of the present application;
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first shell-shaped body of the dental instrument according to an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the first shell-shaped body of the dental instrument according to an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 8 is a side view of the first shell-shaped body and the second shell-shaped body of the dental instrument in an engaged state according to an embodiment of the present application;
- Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the first shell-shaped body of the dental instrument in one embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the first shell-shaped body of the dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the first shell-shaped body of the dental instrument according to an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the second shell-shaped body of the dental instrument according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the dental instrument includes: a first shell-shaped body 10 for accommodating maxillary teeth and a second shell-shaped body 20 for accommodating mandibular teeth, wherein the buccal surface of the posterior tooth area of the first shell-shaped body 10
- a first type of protruding part 11 is provided on the second shell-shaped body 20 on the buccal side of the posterior tooth area.
- a limiting part 21 used in conjunction with the first type of protruding part 11 is provided on the buccal side.
- the first type of protruding part 11 It interacts with the limiting portion 21 to adjust the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws.
- teeth 4-8 are shown by FDI labeling
- teeth 1-3 are shown by FDI labeling in the anterior region.
- the mesial surface and the distal surface are the two surfaces where the crown of the tooth is adjacent to the adjacent teeth, and are collectively referred to as the adjacent surfaces.
- the side closer to the midline of the face is called the mesial face, and the side farther from the midline of the face is called the distal face.
- the sagittal plane is an anatomical term.
- the human body is divided into left and right parts.
- the left and right sections are called the sagittal plane, and the equal sections on the left and right are called the midsagittal plane.
- the sagittal direction is the direction in which the center line of the X-ray enters from the front or back of the subject's body and is parallel to the sagittal plane.
- the first type of protrusion 11 extends toward the second shell-like body 20 along the gingival and jaw direction, at least partially covering the buccal side of the second shell-like body 20 , and the limiting portion 21 extends along the gingival and jaw direction.
- the direction extends toward the first shell-like body 10 and at least partially covers the buccal side of the first shell-like body 10; the mesial surface 112 of the first type of protruding portion 11 interacts with the distal surface 211 of the limiting portion 21 to in the sagittal direction. Adjust the relative position of the upper and lower jaws in the direction. It can be seen that the buccal surfaces on both sides can be set separately
- the first-type protruding portion 11 and the cooperating limiting portion 21 guide the teeth and jaws from both sides, and can also work together from both sides to stabilize the occlusion state.
- the first type of protruding part 11 and the limiting part 21 are fang-shaped.
- the part close to the shell-like body can be called the root, and the part far away from the root can be called the tip.
- the base of the first type of protruding portion 11 and the limiting portion 21 gradually narrows toward the tip.
- the gingival end of the first type of protrusion 11 can be flush with the gingival margin line, and the tip is set toward the opposing teeth.
- the gingival end of the limiting portion 21 can be flush with the gingival margin line, and the tip is directed toward the opposing teeth. It is provided that the long axis directions of the first type protruding portion 11 and the limiting portion 21 are parallel.
- the combination part of the first type of protruding part 11 and the limiting part 21 and the shell-shaped body cannot be higher than the occlusal surface (also called the jaw surface), as shown by the dotted circle A in Figure 4.
- the first type of protruding portion 11 and the limiting portion 21 respectively extending from the upper and lower jaws can interact with each other during the wearer's bite process.
- the limiting part 21 exerts a sagittal upward and forward force
- the limiting part 21 of the second shell-shaped body 20 exerts a sagittal upward and backward force on the first type of protruding part 11 to help the teeth according to the trend of the above force. Restoring the correct position to achieve the purpose of treating malocclusion.
- the inner side of the extended part does not collide with the opposing teeth
- the extended part does not collide with the tips of the opposing teeth
- the tips of the extended parts of the upper and lower jaws do not collide, so as to avoid hindering the bite process.
- the first type of protruding portion 11 on the first shell-like body 10 and the limiting portion 21 on the second shell-like body 20 can be reinforced with concave and convex structures on the buccal side.
- the ribs 111 and the reinforcing ribs 111 are arranged along the long axis direction of the teeth to enhance the strength of the first type protruding portion 11 and the limiting portion 21 to avoid damage during bite or interaction.
- the first shell-like body 10 is provided with a second type of protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposite jaw direction on the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth area, and the protrusion height of the second type of protrusion 12 is compensated.
- the first type of protruding portion 11 and the limiting portion 21 interact with the jaw opening space formed by the posterior teeth to stabilize the occlusion state.
- the second type of protrusion 12 covers a tooth located on the shell-shaped body (ie, the first shell-shaped body 10) in the jaw opening space, and its maximum height may be less than or equal to 4 mm.
- the height is limited to less than or equal to 4mm in this embodiment, such as 2mm, 1.5mm, etc., in some embodiments it can also be designed to other heights, such as 6mm, etc., which can be designed according to the actual needs of the doctor, and is not limited here.
- the tooth position provided by the first type of protruding portion 11 and the tooth position provided by the second type of protruding portion 12 may be different.
- the first type of protrusions 11 and the second type of protrusions 12 are both disposed on the same shell-like body (such as the first shell-like body 10)
- the second type of protrusions 12 are provided
- the tooth position is adjacent to the tooth position where the first type of protruding portion 11 is provided. As shown in FIG. 3 , the first type of protruding part 11 is arranged at the No. 5 tooth position, and the second type of protruding part 12 is arranged at the No. 4 tooth position.
- the first type of protruding part 11 may also be provided at the No. 4 tooth position, and the second type of protruding part 12 may be provided at the No. 5 tooth position.
- the tooth positions of various protrusions can be determined according to actual needs and the height and position of the jaw opening space.
- the tooth position provided by the first type of protruding portion 11 and the tooth position provided by the second type of protruding portion 12 may be the same.
- the first type of protruding portion 11 and the second type of protruding portion 12 are both arranged at the No. 4 tooth position. In practical applications, they can also be both arranged at the No. 5 tooth position, and will not be listed one by one here.
- the second type of protruding portion 12 is provided corresponding to the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth of the opposite jaw.
- the dental arch positions of the upper and lower posterior teeth basically correspond, as shown in Figure 1, the second category
- the protruding portion 12 can protrude from the middle of the set tooth position and be distributed on the occlusal surface approximately symmetrically along the dental arch line.
- there is a deviation between the upper and lower jaws When they bite each other, the dental arch positions of the upper and lower posterior teeth are deviated and do not correspond.
- the protrusion of the second type of protrusion 121 The position can be on the buccal side, or as shown in Figure 7 , the protruding position of the second type of protrusion 122 can be on the lingual side, which is specifically determined according to the direction of the jaw deviation. If the upper jaw is deflected to the right relative to the lower jaw, the second type of protrusion 122 on the left buccal side is deflected toward the lingual side, and the second type of protrusion 121 on the right buccal side is deflected toward the buccal side.
- the second type of protrusions 12 are provided with reinforcing structures to enhance the strength of the second type of protrusions 12 .
- the reinforcing structure in this embodiment is a reinforcing rib 131 provided on the buccal side and/or the lingual side of the second type of protrusion 124 . That is to say, the reinforcing ribs 131 on the second type of protrusion 124 can be provided on both the lingual and buccal sides, only on the lingual side, or only on the buccal side (not shown in the figure).
- the reinforcing ribs may be in concave and convex shapes and are arranged along the long axis of the teeth, which can increase the resistance to deformation in the long axis direction and reduce the risk of the second type of protrusions 124 being bitten.
- the occlusal surface of the second type of protrusion 12 matches the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth of the opposing jaw.
- Limiting the concave and convex matching of the occlusal surface further increases the contact area during occlusion, similar to setting the occlusal surface of the second type convex portion 12 to an anatomical type, increasing the contact area between the upper and lower jaws during occlusion, effectively improving the stability of the occlusion state.
- the second type of protruding portion 12 and the shell-shaped body where it is located are an integral structure.
- this integrated structure can be obtained through hot stamping molding technology.
- the specific hot stamping molding process generally includes: 3D printing based on the corresponding digital dental model and a series of intermediate digital dental models to produce a physical dental jaw. model, and then use a diaphragm to heat-press and form on the above-mentioned solid dental model to obtain a shell-shaped dental instrument containing the tooth shape, and then cut along the gum line or adjacent to the gum line on the shell-shaped dental instrument containing the tooth shape, Thus, a shell-shaped dental appliance capable of accommodating teeth is obtained.
- the first type of protrusion 11 is provided on the buccal or lingual side of the posterior tooth area of the first shell-shaped body 10 corresponding to the upper jaw, and the first type of protrusion 11 is provided on the posterior teeth of the second shell-shaped body 20 corresponding to the lower jaw.
- a limiting portion 21 used in conjunction with the above-mentioned first type of protruding portion 11 is provided on the buccal or lingual side of the area.
- a second type of protrusion 12 is provided on the occlusal surface of the posterior region of the shell-like body to compensate for the posterior region when adjusting the inter-jaw relationship.
- the resulting jaw opening space increases the contact area of the posterior teeth when biting through the contact between the second type protrusion 12 and the opposing jaw, thereby increasing the bite stability and improving the wearer's chewing experience.
- the position and structure of the first type of protruding part 11 and the limiting part 21 are clarified, so that the first type of protruding part 11 and the limiting part 21 interact to adjust the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction.
- the position of the second type of protrusion 12 is defined to correspond to the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth of the opposite jaw, so that the supporting force is better and the bite is more stable.
- various types of protrusions are limited to be provided at different tooth positions, which can avoid too many attachments on the same tooth position and facilitate keeping the appliance diaphragm roughly uniform.
- they are arranged on adjacent teeth so that the adjustment of the inter-jaw relationship is close to the effective position of stabilizing the bite, which is more conducive to stabilizing the bite.
- the mesial surface of the first type of protrusion 11 interacts with the distal surface of the limiting part 21 to adjust the relative position of the upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction
- the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws can also be adjusted in the sagittal direction through the interaction between the distal surface 211 of the first type protruding portion 11 and the mesial surface 112 of the limiting portion 21 .
- the first type of protruding portion 11 is on the distal side of the limiting portion 21 , but in actual applications, the limiting portion 21 can also be arranged on the distal side of the first type of protruding portion 11 as needed. . It can be seen that the direction in which corrective force needs to be applied can be determined according to different malocclusion relationships, thereby designing different positional relationships between the first type of protruding portion 11 and the limiting portion 21 .
- the first type of protruding part 11 and the limiting part 21 are arranged on the buccal side of the posterior tooth area.
- the first type of protruding part 11 and the limiting part 21 are also It can be placed on the lingual side of the posterior tooth area, as shown in Figures 11 and 12. The principles of their interaction are similar and will not be described again here.
- the second type of protrusions 12 are disposed on the first shell-like body 10 .
- the second type of protrusions 12 can also be disposed on the second shell-like body 10 , and their structures are similar. , which will not be described in detail here.
- it is disposed on the first shell-shaped body 10, which is more conducive to stabilizing the force and further stabilizing the bite state.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a dental instrument.
- the difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that in the previous embodiment, the second type of protruding portion 12 covers one tooth, while in this embodiment, the second type of protruding portion 12 covers two teeth. Covering multiple teeth can further increase the contact surface during bite, effectively improving the stability of the bite.
- the second type of protrusion 125 specifically covers the first premolar 13 and the second premolar 14 in the posterior region.
- second-type protrusions 12 are provided on both sides of the dental instrument. The maximum height of the second-type protrusions 12 on both sides in the vertical direction is determined by the opening. Jaw settings can vary.
- the second type of protrusion 12 covers at least one tooth on the shell-shaped body located in the jaw opening space except the second molar. That is to say, even if there is an open jaw in the space corresponding to the second molar, the second type of protrusion 12 will not cover the second molar when it is designed.
- the first type of protrusions 11 can be disposed on the mesiobuccal side of the bilateral first molars.
- Other structural limitations are similar to those described in the previous embodiments and will not be described again here. .
- the second type of protrusion 123 in some embodiments can cover more teeth, such as specifically covering the first premolar 13, the second premolar 14, First molars15. There are other forms of coverage, which are not listed here.
- the second type of protrusion 126 may be provided with buccal and lingual reinforcing rib structures 132. The specific structure is shown in Figure 10 and will not be described again here.
- the second type of protrusions 12 are defined to cover multiple teeth, thereby further increasing the occlusal area of the posterior teeth, thereby stabilizing the occlusion state.
- the second type of protruding portion 12 is limited to not cover the second molar. Since the second molar is the last tooth, not providing the second type of protruding portion 12 can not only avoid affecting the opening of the teeth, but also avoid The shell-like body falls off during wearing.
- second type protruding parts 121 are respectively different expressions of “second type protruding part 12” in corresponding embodiments.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a dental instrument.
- the difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that in the previous embodiment, the reinforcing ribs 111 are used as the reinforcing structure of the second type of protrusions 12, while in this embodiment, the filling body built into the second type of protrusions 12 is used as the reinforcing structure. Strengthen the structure.
- the second type of protruding portion 12 is a hollow structure, and the reinforcing structure can be a filling body built into the second type of protruding portion 12 .
- the shape of the filling body is consistent with the inner diameter of the second type of protrusion 12 .
- the strength of the second type of protrusions 12 is increased by building a filler into the hollow structure, which is a simple and effective method.
- the material of the filling body is resin.
- the filling body and the dental instrument can be delivered to the user separately, and the user can be instructed to put the filling body into the shell before wearing the dental instrument.
- the hollow part of the body can be worn again, which is convenient and practical.
- the dental instrument in the above embodiment provides another way to implement the reinforcing structure, which enriches the way to implement the reinforcing structure on the protrusion in practical applications, so as to be suitable for different application scenarios.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a dental instrument.
- the difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that the dental instrument in the previous embodiment is obtained by hot pressing film molding technology, while the dental instrument in this embodiment is obtained by 3D printing.
- the specific manufacturing process is to use a 3D printing method to print and manufacture the designed digital model of the shell-shaped dental appliance.
- This method only needs to design the required structure on the model when designing the digital dental instrument model, and then print it together in the printing stage. It does not require redundant processes and can be obtained in one go.
- the resulting dental instrument is also very strong.
- the additive manufacturing method may be SLA (light curing) printing or DLP (digital light processing) printing, or other 3D printing technologies may be used, which will not be listed here.
- the second type of protrusions 12 are solid structures.
- the solid structure is conducive to reducing the deformation of dental instruments during the bite process and can increase the firmness of dental instruments.
- dental instruments obtained through 3D printing have simple procedures, good firmness, and are suitable for various application scenarios.
- split dental instruments can also be used, that is, the second type of protruding portion 12 is made as an independent component and is connected to the shell-shaped body by pasting, welding or riveting. .
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a dental orthodontic system, which includes multiple sets of dental instruments.
- the multiple sets of dental instruments include at least one set of any one of the dental instruments in the above-mentioned embodiments.
- the sets of dental instruments have geometries that gradually reposition the teeth from an initial position to a target orthodontic position.
- the protrusion height of the second type of protrusions 12 provided on different sets of dental instruments for adjusting the position of the upper and lower jaws in the direction of the opposing jaw gradually decreases along with the orthodontic process.
- different dental instruments are used to correct teeth in each stage.
- the dental instruments used in the second correction stage are those used after the first correction stage.
- Dental instruments, such as the dental instruments used in the third stage of correction are the dental instruments used after the second stage of correction.
- the difference between the dental instruments used in the three stages is: the dental instruments used in the second stage of correction are set on The protruding height of the second type protruding portion 12 toward the opposing jaw direction is smaller than the protruding height of the second type protruding portion 12 toward the opposing jaw direction provided on the dental instrument used in the first correction stage.
- the protruding height used in the third correcting stage is The protruding height of the second type of protruding portion 12 provided on the dental instrument in the anti-jaw direction is smaller than the protruding height of the second type of protruding portion 12 provided on the dental instrument used in the second correction stage in the anti-jaw direction.
- the patient needs to wear a series of shell-shaped dental instruments for correction.
- the geometric shape rules of the series of shell-shaped dental instruments can be referred to the above example.
- a pair of shell-shaped dental instruments is worn for 7-14 days.
- a series of shell-shaped dental instruments are set up to achieve the corrective effect.
- the positioning mark in the semi-hollow mode can be provided on the information layer in a hollow form as in some embodiments, and the covering layer will still cover the hollow part of the positioning mark.
- the positioning mark in a semi-hollow mode may also be formed by recessing from the bottom surface of the bearing part 20 in some embodiments, which will not be described again here.
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- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
一种牙科器械及牙齿矫治***,包括:容纳上颌牙齿的第一壳状本体(10)和容纳下颌牙齿的第二壳状本体(20),第一壳状本体(10)的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设有第一类凸起部(11),第二壳状本体(20)的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设有与第一类凸起部(11)配合使用的限位部(21),第一类凸起部(11)和限位部(21)相互作用,以调整上下颌位相对的位置关系;第一壳状本体(10)或第二壳状本体(20)的后牙区咬合面上设有向对颌方向凸出的第二类凸起部(12),第二类凸起部(12)的凸起高度补偿第一类凸起部(11)和限位部(21)相互作用后后牙区形成的开颌空间以稳定咬合状态。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为“202221364936.9”、申请日为2022年6月2日的中国专利申请提出,并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权,上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此以引入方式并入本申请。
本申请实施例属于牙齿矫治技术领域,更确切的说涉及牙齿矫治器制造技术,尤其涉及一种牙科器械及牙齿矫治***。
错颌畸形是指牙齿、牙弓、颌骨和颅面位置及关系不调,常见症状包括牙列拥挤、牙列间隙、反颌等。大部分错颌畸形是指在儿童生长发育过程中,由先天的遗传因素或后天的环境因素,如疾病、口腔不良习惯、替牙障碍等,也可在生长发育后因外伤、牙周病等原因造成的如牙齿排列不齐、上下牙弓牙合关系的异常、颌骨大小形态位置的异常、面部畸形等。
壳状牙齿矫治器是一种治疗错颌畸形的装置,采用安全的弹性透明高分子材料,使矫治过程几乎在旁人无察觉中完成。对于含有矢状向颌位因素的突面畸形病例,需要通过颌位重建纠正颌位,实现下颌前导。根据适应症的不同,现有的常用颌位重建隐形矫治器分为TB(Twin-block的简称)、HB(Herbst的简称)两种类型。两种类型的主要区别点在于病例是否有深覆颌,有深覆颌会选用TB,没有深覆颌只有深覆盖的关节源性下颌后退病例会选用HB。然而,在临床上,有部分关节源性下颌后退病例在前导后,因曲线问题后牙会出现1-4mm部分开颌,此时单纯使用HB矫治器前导会存在后牙区接触面积过少,颌位不稳定的问题,甚至因后牙区的开颌影响佩戴矫治器进食。
本申请中的“错颌”、“开颌”、“覆颌”、“颌面”等中的“颌”均为(“牙合”,hé)系生僻字,且由于一般输入法字库中没有该字,在日常中、网络中常作“颌”,本文为阅读方便,也写作“颌”。
实用新型内容
本申请实施例解决的技术问题是克服现有技术中存在的缺陷,提供一种牙科器械及牙齿矫治***,使得在牙科器械作用下,不仅调整上下颌位关系趋于正常,还能同时增加佩戴后的咬合稳定性,尽量提升佩戴舒适度。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案至少包括:一种牙科器械,包括:容纳上颌牙齿的第一壳状本体和容纳下颌牙齿的第二壳状本体,所述第一壳状本体的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上
设有第一类凸起部,所述第二壳状本体的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设有与所述第一类凸起部配合使用的限位部,所述第一类凸起部和所述限位部相互作用,以调整上下颌位相对的位置关系;所述第一壳状本体或所述第二壳状本体的后牙区咬合面上设有向对颌方向凸出的第二类凸起部,所述第二类凸起部的凸起高度补偿所述第一类凸起部和所述限位部相互作用后后牙区形成的开颌空间以稳定咬合状态。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案至少还包括:一种牙齿矫治***,包括上述多组牙科器械,多组牙科器械包括至少一套如上述的牙科器械。
本申请实施例由于采用以上技术方案,使其至少具有以下的优点和有益效果:在对应上颌的第一壳状本体的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设置第一类凸起部,在对应下颌的第二壳状本体的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设置与上述第一类凸起部配合使用的限位部,通过第一类凸起部和限位部的相互作用,实现调整上下颌位相对的位置关系,以逐步趋势颌位实现正确的咬合关系。进一步在壳状本体后牙区的咬合面上设置第二类凸起部,以补偿在调整颌间关系时后牙区出现的开颌空间,通过第二类凸起部与对颌的接触,增加后牙区咬合时的接触面积,从而增加咬合稳定性,同时提升佩戴者的咀嚼体验。
在一些实施例中,所述第一类凸起部沿龈颌方向向所述第二壳状本体延伸,至少部分覆盖所述第二壳状本体颊侧面,所述限位部沿龈颌方向向所述第一壳状本体延伸,至少部分覆盖所述第一壳状本体颊侧面;所述第一类凸起部的近中面与所述限位部的远中面相互作用以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系,或者所述第一类凸起部的远中面与所述限位部的近中面相互作用以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系。明确了第一类凸起部和限位部的位置和结构,使得第一类凸起部和限位部相互作用,得以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系。
在一些实施例中,所述第二类凸起部覆盖所述开颌空间中所在的壳状本体上的至少一颗牙齿。限定第二类凸起部覆盖至少一颗牙齿,以便增加足够的接触面积,以保证咬合的稳定性。
在一些实施例中,所述开颌空间包括所述第二磨牙的对应空间,所述第二类凸起部覆盖所述开颌空间中所在壳状本体上除第二磨牙外的至少一颗牙齿。限定第二类凸起部不覆盖第二磨牙,由于第二磨牙为最后一颗牙齿,不设第二类凸起部一方面可以避免影响牙齿打开,又可以避免壳状本体在佩戴中的脱落。
在一些实施例中,所述第二类凸起部设置的牙位与所述第一类凸起部设置的牙位不相同。限定各类凸起部设于不同的牙位,避免同一牙位上附件过多,便于保持矫治器膜片的大致均匀。
在一些实施例中,所述第一类凸起部和所述第二类凸起部均设置在所述第一壳状本体,所述第二类凸起部设置的牙位与所述第一类凸起部设置的牙位相邻。在相邻牙位上设置,使得颌间关系的调整与稳定咬合的作用位置相接近,更利于稳定咬合。
在一些实施例中,所述第二类凸起部对应对颌相应牙位牙齿的咬合面设置。限定第二类凸起部的位置对应对颌相应牙位牙齿的咬合面,使得支撑力更好,咬合更为稳定。
在一些实施例中,所述第一壳状本体与所述第二壳状本体相互作用时,所述第二类凸起部的咬合面与所述对颌对应牙齿的咬合面凹凸匹配。限定咬合面凹凸匹配,进一步提升咬合时的接触面积,以稳定咬合状态。
在一些实施例中,所述第二类凸起部设有加强结构,以增强所述第二类凸起部的强度。限定为第二类凸起部设置加强结构,以增加强度,避免第二类凸起部的损坏。
在一些实施例中,所述加强结构为所述第二类凸起部的颊侧面和/或舌侧面设置的加强筋。明确采用加强筋作为加强结构,由于加强筋可以在压膜等工艺中一次成型,所以加强筋的设计可以减少加工工序的变化,适配现有步骤。
在一些实施例中,所述第二类凸起部为中空结构,所述加强结构为内置于所述第二类凸起部的填充体。通过在中空结构中内置填充体增加第二类凸起部的强度,方法简单有效。
在一些实施例中,所述第一类凸起部和/或第二类凸起部的材料的弹性模量大于第一壳状本体的材料的弹性模量。通过选用不同弹性模量的材料,以增强凸起部的强度。
在一些实施例中,至少两套所述牙科器械中的所述第二类凸起部沿牙齿长轴方向的高度不一致。限定在矫治过程中,如果开颌空间的高度随矫治进程的推进而变化,那么可以设置第二类凸起部沿牙齿长轴方向的高度改变。
图1为本申请一实施例中牙科器械中第一壳状本体的示意图;
图2为本申请一实施例中牙科器械中第二壳状本体的示意图;
图3为本申请一实施例中牙科器械第一壳状本体和第二壳状本体咬合状态的侧视图;
图4为本申请一实施例中第一类凸起部与第一壳状本体连接部分的局部示意图;
图5为本申请一实施例中牙科器械第一壳状本体和第二壳状本体咬合状态的侧视图;
图6为本申请一实施例中牙科器械中第一壳状本体的示意图;
图7为本申请一实施例中牙科器械中第一壳状本体的示意图;
图8为本申请一实施例中牙科器械第一壳状本体和第二壳状本体咬合状态的侧视图;
图9为本实用新型一实施例中牙科器械中第一壳状本体的示意图;
图10为本申请一实施例中牙科器械中第一壳状本体的示意图;
图11为本申请一实施例中牙科器械中第一壳状本体的示意图;
图12为本申请一实施例中牙科器械中第二壳状本体的示意图。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对照附图说明本申请的具体实施方式。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的技术特征可以相互组合,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图,并获得其他的实施方式。
为使图面简洁,各图中只示意性地表示出了与本申请相关的部分,它们并不代表其作为产品的实际结构。另外,以使图面简洁便于理解,在有些图中具有相同结构或功能的部件,仅示意性地绘示了其中的一个,或仅标出了其中的一个。在本文中,“一个”不仅表示“仅此一个”,也可以表示“多于一个”的情形。
本申请的一种实施例提供一种牙科器械。如图1和图2所示,牙科器械包括:容纳上颌牙齿的第一壳状本体10和容纳下颌牙齿的第二壳状本体20,其中,第一壳状本体10的后牙区的颊侧面上设有第一类凸起部11,第二壳状本体20的后牙区的颊侧面上设有与第一类凸起部11配合使用的限位部21,第一类凸起部11和限位部21相互作用,以调整上下颌位相对的位置关系。
首先对提到的相关术语进行如下说明,“后牙区”根据北京大学医学出版社出版的《口腔医学导论》第2版第36-38页中对于牙齿的分类进行定义,包括前磨牙以及磨牙,以FDI标记法显示为4-8的牙齿,前牙区FDI标记法显示为1-3的牙齿。并且,近中面与远中面为牙冠与邻牙相邻接的两个面,总称邻面。离面部中线较近的一面称为近中面,离面部中线较远的一面,称为远中面。另外,矢状面(sagittal plane)是解剖学术语。将人体分切为左右两部分,左右切面就是矢状面,而左右相等的切面被称为正中矢状面。根据2020年公布的医学影像技术学名词,矢状方向为X射线中心线从被检者身体的前方或后方射入,与矢状面平行的方向。
如图3所示,在一些实施例中第一类凸起部11沿龈颌方向向第二壳状本体20延伸,至少部分覆盖第二壳状本体20颊侧面,限位部21沿龈颌方向向第一壳状本体10延伸,至少部分覆盖第一壳状本体10颊侧面;第一类凸起部11的近中面112与限位部21的远中面211相互作用以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系。可以看出,两侧颊侧面可以分别设置第
一类凸起部11及与其配合作用的限位部21,使得从两侧对牙颌进行引导,也就能从两侧共同作用,以稳定咬合状态。
在一些实施例中的第一类凸起部11和限位部21呈獠牙状,靠近与所在壳状本体连接的部位可以称为根部,远离根部的部位可以称为尖部,那么在实际应用中,第一类凸起部11和限位部21的根部向尖部逐渐收窄。在一些实施例中,第一类凸起部11的龈端可以与龈缘线平齐,尖端朝向对颌牙设置,限位部21龈端可以与龈缘线平齐,尖端朝向对颌牙设置,第一类凸起部11和限位部21的长轴方向平行。值得一提的是,第一类凸起部11和限位部21与所在壳状本体的结合部分不可高出咬合面(也称为颌面),如图4中虚线圈A所示。上下颌分别延伸出的第一类凸起部11和限位部21在佩戴者咬合的过程中可以相互作用,第一壳状本体10的第一类凸起部11对第二壳状本体20的限位部21施加矢状向上向前的力,第二壳状本体20的限位部21向第一类凸起部11施加矢状向上向后的力,根据上述力的趋势帮助牙颌恢复正确位置,以达到治疗错颌畸形的目的。
值得一提的是,设计时延伸出部分的内侧与对颌牙齿无碰撞,延伸出部分与对颌牙的尖端无碰撞,上下颌分别延伸出的部分的尖端无碰撞,避免阻碍咬合过程。
在一些实施例中,如图5所示,第一壳状本体10上的第一类凸起部11和第二壳状本体20上的限位部21在颊侧面可以设有凹凸结构的加强筋111,加强筋111沿牙齿的长轴方向设置,提升第一类凸起部11和限位部21的强度,避免咬合或相互作用时的损坏。
继续说明,在一些实施例中第一壳状本体10的后牙区咬合面上设有向对颌方向凸出的第二类凸起部12,第二类凸起部12的凸起高度补偿第一类凸起部11和限位部21相互作用后后牙区形成的开颌空间以稳定咬合状态。在一些实施例中第二类凸起部12覆盖开颌空间中所在壳状本体(即第一壳状本体10)上的一颗牙齿,其最高高度可以小于或等于4mm。虽然本实施例中限定高度小于或等于4mm,如2mm、1.5mm等,在一些实施例中也可以设计为其他高度,如6mm等,可以根据医生的实际需求设计,在此不做限定。
在一个实施例中,第一类凸起部11设置的牙位与第二类凸起部12设置的牙位可以不相同。在一些实施例中,当第一类凸起部11和第二类凸起部12均设置在同一壳状本体(如第一壳状本体10)上时,第二类凸起部12设置的牙位与第一类凸起部11设置的牙位相邻。如图3所示,第一类凸起部11设置于5号牙位,第二类凸起部12设置于4号牙位。在一些实施例中也可以第一类凸起部11设置于4号牙位,第二类凸起部12设置于5号牙位。可以根据实际需求及开颌空间的高度及位置确定各类凸起部所在的牙位。
在一个实施例中,第一类凸起部11设置的牙位与第二类凸起部12设置的牙位可以相同。如第一类凸起部11和第二类凸起部12均设置于4号牙位,实际应用中也可以均设置于5号牙位,在此不再一一列举。
值得一提的是,在一些实施例中第二类凸起部12对应对颌相应牙位牙齿的咬合面设置。在一个实施例中,上下颌之间不存在偏颌,那么佩戴本申请实施例中的牙科器械在相互咬合时,上下颌后牙区牙弓位置基本对应,如图1所示,第二类凸起部12可以从所设置的牙位的中间凸出,以牙弓线大致对称地分布在咬合面上。在另一个实施例中,上下颌之间存在偏颌,在相互咬合时,上下颌后牙区牙弓位置存在偏离,不对应,如图6所示,第二类凸起部121的伸出位置可以偏颊侧,也可以如图7所示,第二类凸起部122的伸出位置可以偏舌侧,具体根据偏颌的方向确定。如上颌相对下颌向右偏,那么左颊侧第二类凸起部122向舌侧偏,右颊侧第二类凸起部121向颊侧偏。
在一些实施例中,第二类凸起部12设有加强结构,以增强第二类凸起部12的强度。如图3所示,本实施例中的加强结构为第二类凸起部124的颊侧面和/或舌侧面设置的加强筋131。也就是说,第二类凸起部124上的加强筋131可以在舌侧和颊侧同时设置,也可以仅设置在舌侧,也可以仅设置在颊侧(图中未示出)。加强筋可以是凹凸状,沿牙齿的长轴方向设置,可以增加长轴方向的抗变形能力,减小第二类凸起部124被咬坏的风险。
还需继续说明的是,在一些实施例中,第一壳状本体10与第二壳状本体20相互作用时,第二类凸起部12的咬合面与对颌对应牙齿的咬合面凹凸匹配。限定咬合面凹凸匹配,进一步提升咬合时的接触面积,类似于将第二类凸起部12的咬合面设置为解剖式,增加咬合时上下颌的接触面积,有效提升咬合状态的稳定性。
在一些实施例中,第二类凸起部12与其所在的壳状本体为一体结构。实际应用中,该一体结构可以通过热压膜成型技术获得,具体热压膜成型过程大致包括:基于相应的数字化牙颌模型及一系列中间数字化牙颌模型进行3D打印,制作出实体的牙颌模型,之后用膜片在上述实体的牙颌模型上热压成型的方式得到包含牙齿形状的壳状牙科器械,之后在包含牙齿形状的壳状牙科器械上沿牙龈线或邻近牙龈线处切割,从而得到能够容纳牙齿的壳状牙齿矫治器。
可见,采用以上技术方案,在对应上颌的第一壳状本体10的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设置第一类凸起部11,在对应下颌的第二壳状本体20的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设置与上述第一类凸起部11配合使用的限位部21,通过第一类凸起部11和限位部21的相互作用,实现调整上下颌位相对的位置关系,以逐步趋势颌位实现正确的咬合关系。在一些实施例中,在壳状本体后牙区的咬合面上设置第二类凸起部12,以补偿在调整颌间关系时后牙区
出现的开颌空间,通过第二类凸起部12与对颌的接触,增加后牙区咬合时的接触面积,从而增加咬合稳定性,同时提升佩戴者的咀嚼体验。同时,明确了第一类凸起部11和限位部21的位置和结构,使得第一类凸起部11和限位部21相互作用,得以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系。在一些实施例中,限定第二类凸起部12的位置对应对颌相应牙位牙齿的咬合面,使得支撑力更好,咬合更为稳定。再者,在一些实施例中限定各类凸起部设于不同的牙位,可以避免同一牙位上附件过多,便于保持矫治器膜片的大致均匀。在一些实施例中,在相邻牙位上设置,使得颌间关系的调整与稳定咬合的作用位置相接近,更利于稳定咬合。
值得一提的是,虽然上述实施例中通过第一类凸起部11近中面与限位部21的远中面相互作用以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系,而实际应用中也可以通过第一类凸起部11的远中面211与限位部21的近中面112相互作用以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系。也就是说,一些实施例中第一类凸起部11在限位部21的远中侧,而实际应用中也可以根据需要设置限位部21在第一类凸起部11的远中侧。可以看出,根据不同的错颌关系可以确定需要施加矫治力的方向,从而设计第一类凸起部11和限位部21之间不同的位置关系。
还需一提的是,一些实施例中第一类凸起部11和限位部21设置于后牙区的颊侧面,而实际应用中,第一类凸起部11和限位部21还可以设置在后牙区的舌侧面,如图11和图12所示,其相互作用的原理相类似,在此不再一一赘述。
在一些实施例中第二类凸起部12设置于第一壳状本体10上,而实际应用中,第二类凸起部12还可以设置于第二壳状本体10上,其结构相类似,在此不再赘述。在一些实施例中设置于第一壳状本体10上,更利于稳定作用力,进一步稳定咬合状态。
本申请的一种实施例还提供一种牙科器械。本实施例与前述实施例的区别在于:前述实施例中第二类凸起部12覆盖一颗牙齿,而本实施例中的第二类凸起部12覆盖两个牙齿。覆盖多个牙齿可以进一步增加咬合时的接触面,有效提升咬合的稳定性。
在一些实施例中,如图8所示,第二类凸起部125具体覆盖后牙区的第一前磨牙13和第二前磨牙14。在一些实施例下,若牙颌两侧均存在开颌,则牙科器械的两侧均设置第二类凸起部12,两侧第二类凸起部12的在垂直方向的最高高度根据开颌设置,可以不相同。
在一些实施例中,开颌空间如果包括第二磨牙的对应空间,第二类凸起部12覆盖开颌空间中所在壳状本体上除第二磨牙外的至少一颗牙齿。也就是说,即使第二磨牙对应的空间存在开颌,设计第二类凸起部12时,也不覆盖第二磨牙。
需要继续说明的是,在一些实施例中第一类凸起部11可以设置于双侧第一磨牙偏近中颊侧面,其他结构限定与前述实施例中的描述相类似,在此不再赘述。
值得一提的是,如图9所示,在一些实施例中的第二类凸起部123可以覆盖更多牙齿,如具体覆盖后牙区的第一前磨牙13、第二前磨牙14、第一磨牙15。还有其他覆盖形式,在此不再一一列举。在一些实施例中,该第二类凸起部126可以设置颊侧和舌侧的加强筋结构132,具体结构如图10所示,在此不再赘述。
可见,一些实施例中限定第二类凸起部12覆盖多个牙齿,以此进一步增加后牙区的咬合面积,从而稳定咬合状态。在一些实施例中,限定第二类凸起部12不覆盖第二磨牙,由于第二磨牙为最后一颗牙齿,不设第二类凸起部12一方面可以避免影响牙齿打开,又可以避免壳状本体在佩戴中的脱落。
需要说明的是,上述实施例中的“第二类凸起部121”、“第二类凸起部122”、“第二类凸起部123”、“第二类凸起部124”、“第二类凸起部125”、“第二类凸起部126”分别为“第二类凸起部12”在相应实施例中的不同表述。
本申请的一种实施例还提供一种牙科器械。本实施例与前述实施例的区别在于:前述实施例中采用加强筋111作为第二类凸起部12的加强结构,而本实施例中采用内置于第二类凸起部12的填充体作为加强结构。
在一些实施例中,第二类凸起部12为中空结构,加强结构可以为内置于第二类凸起部12的填充体。在一些实施例中,填充体的形状与第二类凸起部12的内径一致。通过在中空结构中内置填充体增加第二类凸起部12的强度,方法简单有效。
在一些实施例中,该填充体的材料为树脂,在实际应用中,可以将填充体和牙科器械分别保证交付给用户,并指导用户在佩戴牙科器械之前,先行将填充体放入所在壳状本体的中空部分,再行佩戴,方便实用。
可见,上述实施例中的牙科器械提供了另一种加强结构的实现方式,丰富了实际应用中凸起部上加强结构的实现方式,以便适用于不同的应用场景。
值得一提的是,除了前述实施例中的加强筋和内置填充体来增加第二类凸起部12的强度,还可以采用弹性模量更大的材料制作第二类凸起部12,通过选用不同弹性模量的材料,以增强凸起部的强度。同理,对于第一类凸起部11也可以采用类似的设计,在此不再一一描述。
还需要说明的是,上述各实施例中提到的多种形式的加强结构除了可以单独使用,也可以组合使用,以适应不同的应用场景及设计需求,在此不再赘述。
本申请的一种实施例还提供一种牙科器械。本实施例与前述实施方式的区别在于,前述实施例中的牙科器械采用热压膜成型技术获得,而本实施例中的牙科器械采用3D打印获得。
在一些实施例中具体的制作工艺为采用3D打印的方法对设计出来的壳状牙齿矫治器数字模型进行打印制作。这种方式只需要在设计数字化牙科器械模型时,在模型上设计所需的结构,后续在打印阶段一并打印,无需多余工序,一次获得,所得的牙科器械牢固度也好。在一些实施例中的增材制造方式可以为SLA(光固化)打印或DLP(数字光处理)打印,也可以采用其他3D打印技术,在此不再一一列举。
在一些实施例中第二类凸起部12为实心结构。实心结构有利于减少牙科器械在咬合过程中的形变,可以增加牙科器械的牢固度。
可见,通过3D打印方式获得牙科器械,工序简单,牢固度好,适合各类应用场景。
值得一提的是,除了一体式的牙科器械外,还可以采用分体式的牙科器械,即第二类凸起部12制作为一个独立部件,通过粘贴、焊接或铆接连接于所在的壳状本体。
本申请的一实施例还提供一种牙齿矫治***,包括多组牙科器械,多组牙科器械中至少包括一套如上述若干个实施例中任意一个牙科器械。
在一些实施例中多组牙科器械具有使牙齿从初始位置逐渐重新定位至目标矫治位置的几何形状。在一些实施例中,不同的多组调整上下颌位关系的牙科器械上设置的第二类凸起部12向对颌方向的凸起高度随着矫治过程逐渐减小。在一些实施例中,以通过三个矫治阶段对牙齿进行矫治为例,每个阶段使用不同的牙科器械对牙齿进行矫治,如第二矫治阶段所使用的牙科器械为第一矫治阶段后使用的牙科器械,如第三矫治阶段所使用的牙科器械为第二矫治阶段后使用的牙科器械,三个阶段使用的牙科器械的不同之处在于:第二矫治阶段所使用的牙科器械上设置的第二类凸起部12向对颌方向的凸起高度小于第一矫治阶段所使用的牙科器械上设置的第二类凸起部12向对颌方向的凸起高度,第三矫治阶所使用的牙科器械上设置的第二类凸起部12向对颌方向的凸起高度小于第二矫治阶段所使用的牙科器械上设置的第二类凸起部12向对颌方向的凸起高度。值得一提的是,在进行牙齿矫治时,需要患者佩戴一系列的壳状牙科器械进行矫治,其中一系列的壳状牙科器械的几何形状规律,可参照上述举例。一副壳状牙科器械佩戴的时间为7-14天,根据患者不同的病例类型及复杂程度,设置一系列的壳状牙科器械,以达到矫治效果。
值得一提的是,在一些实施例中半镂空模式的定位标识可以如部分实施例中以镂空形式设置在信息层上,覆盖层仍会覆盖定位标识的镂空部分。在另一个实施例中,也可以采用部分实施例中从承载部20底面内陷的方式,形成半镂空模式的定位标识,在此不再赘述。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施方式作了详细说明,但是本申请并不限于上述实施例。即使对本申请作出各种变化,倘若这些变化属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则仍落入在本申请的保护范围之中。
Claims (19)
- 一种牙科器械,包括:容纳上颌牙齿的第一壳状本体和容纳下颌牙齿的第二壳状本体,所述第一壳状本体的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设有第一类凸起部,所述第二壳状本体的后牙区的颊侧面或舌侧面上设有与所述第一类凸起部配合使用的限位部,所述第一类凸起部和所述限位部相互作用,以调整上下颌位相对的位置关系;所述第一壳状本体或所述第二壳状本体的后牙区咬合面上设有向对颌方向凸出的第二类凸起部,所述第二类凸起部的凸起高度补偿所述第一类凸起部和所述限位部相互作用后后牙区形成的开颌空间以稳定咬合状态。
- 根据权利要求1所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第一类凸起部沿龈颌方向向所述第二壳状本体延伸,至少部分覆盖所述第二壳状本体颊侧面,所述限位部沿龈颌方向向所述第一壳状本体延伸,至少部分覆盖所述第一壳状本体颊侧面;所述第一类凸起部的近中面与所述限位部的远中面相互作用以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系,或者所述第一类凸起部的远中面与所述限位部的近中面相互作用以在矢状方向上调整上下颌相对位置关系。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第二类凸起部覆盖所述开颌空间中所在的壳状本体上的至少一颗牙齿。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述开颌空间包括第二磨牙的对应空间,所述第二类凸起部覆盖所述开颌空间中所在壳状本体上除所述第二磨牙外的至少一颗牙齿。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第二类凸起部的最高高度小于或等于4mm。
- 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第二类凸起部设置的牙位与所述第一类凸起部设置的牙位不相同。
- 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第一类凸起部和所述第二类凸起部均设置在所述第一壳状本体,所述第二类凸起部设置的牙位与所述第一类凸起部设置的牙位相邻。
- 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第二类凸起部对应对颌相应牙位牙齿的咬合面设置。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第一壳状本体与所述第二壳状本体相互作用时,所述第二类凸起部的咬合面与所述对颌对应牙齿的咬合面凹凸匹配。
- 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第二类凸起部设有加强结构,以增强所述第二类凸起部的强度。
- 根据权利要求10所述的牙科器械,其中,所述加强结构为所述第二类凸起部的颊侧 面和/或舌侧面设置的加强筋。
- 根据权利要求10所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第二类凸起部为中空结构,所述加强结构为内置于所述第二类凸起部的填充体。
- 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第一类凸起部和/或所述第二类凸起部的材料的弹性模量大于上述第一壳状本体的材料的弹性模量。
- 根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的牙科器械,其中,所述第二类凸起部与其所在的壳状本体为一体结构。
- 根据权利要求14所述的牙科器械,其中,所述一体结构通过3D打印获得,且所述第二类凸起部为实心结构。
- 根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的牙科器械,其特征在于,所述第二类凸起部通过粘贴、焊接或铆接连接于所在的壳状本体。
- 一种牙齿矫治***,包括多组牙科器械,所述多组牙科器械包括至少一套如权利要求1至16中任意一项所述的牙科器械。
- 根据权利要求17所述的牙齿矫治***,其中,所述多组牙科器械具有使牙齿从初始位置逐渐重新定位至目标矫治位置的几何形状。
- 根据权利要求17或18所述的牙齿矫治***,其中,所述多组牙科器械中的至少两套牙科器械中的所述第二类凸起部沿牙齿长轴方向的高度不一致。
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- 2022-06-02 CN CN202221364936.9U patent/CN218009995U/zh active Active
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