WO2023222522A1 - Power split transmission - Google Patents

Power split transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023222522A1
WO2023222522A1 PCT/EP2023/062667 EP2023062667W WO2023222522A1 WO 2023222522 A1 WO2023222522 A1 WO 2023222522A1 EP 2023062667 W EP2023062667 W EP 2023062667W WO 2023222522 A1 WO2023222522 A1 WO 2023222522A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric machine
power split
input shaft
power
split transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/062667
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Baumann
Philipp Rechenbach
Raphael Himmelsbach
Gerhard Grömmer
Original Assignee
Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Zf Friedrichshafen Ag filed Critical Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Publication of WO2023222522A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023222522A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power split transmission according to the type defined in more detail in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Generic power split transmissions are used in work machines such as agricultural machines such as tractors or construction machines such as wheel loaders.
  • the power split transmissions have a mechanical and a continuously adjustable power branch, which are summed up via a summation gear.
  • the DE 10 2019 204 909 A1 discloses a power split transmission with a drive motor, which drives an electrical power branch with a first electrical machine and a second electrical machine and which simultaneously drives a mechanical power branch, with both power branches being summed up in a summation gear.
  • the installation space and in particular the length of the transmission are very limited.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a power split transmission which is characterized in particular by its compact design.
  • the task is solved with a generic power split transmission having the characterizing features of the main claim.
  • the power split transmission has a first electrical machine, which is in operative connection with the drive motor and the summation transmission.
  • the drive motor can be an internal combustion engine, but it is also possible for the drive motor to be an electric motor.
  • the first electrical machine is electrically connected to the second electrical machine, with the second electrical machine also being operatively connected to the summation gear. This creates a primarily coupled transmission.
  • the first electrical machine has a larger diameter than the second electrical machine and the second electrical machine has a larger diameter Length than the first electric machine. This makes it possible to arrange the first electric machine coaxially with the transmission input shaft in the axial direction between the summation gear and the drive motor and to arrange the second electric machine radially outside of the summation gear but in the area of the summation gear.
  • the first electrical machine has a large diameter, it is possible to arrange a planetary reduction gear within the first electrical machine. This makes it possible to increase the speed of the first electric machine compared to the transmission input speed.
  • the drive motor can therefore be operated at a lower speed without the first electrical machine also having to have this low speed.
  • this additional planetary reduction gear By using this additional planetary reduction gear, the overall length of the power split gear does not increase.
  • the power split transmission also has an electrical storage device, it is possible to drive the vehicle via the first electrical machine even when the drive motor is at a standstill.
  • This clutch with which the drive motor can be separated, can also be arranged within the first electrical machine, so that the overall length of the power split transmission does not increase.
  • An electronic control device can control the first electrical machine and the second electrical machine in such a way that the first electrical machine provides more electrical energy than the second electrical machine requires. This makes it possible to charge an electrical storage device, for example a battery, or to supply additional electrical consumers with electrical energy. Furthermore, there are operating points at which both electrical machines can be used simultaneously to provide electrical energy to other electrical consumers or to charge a battery. This is also called co-generative operation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a power split transmission according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a power split transmission with a reduction gear between the first electric machine and the transmission input shaft
  • Fig. 5 shows a power split transmission with a clutch between the transmission input shaft and the drive motor.
  • FIG. 6 shows a power split transmission with a reduction gear between the first electric machine and the transmission input shaft, wherein the transmission input shaft is not arranged coaxially to the summation gear.
  • the overall length of the first electrical machine 2 is smaller than the overall length of the second electrical machine 3.
  • the summation gear 5 is in operative connection with other planetary gears, which via the clutches K1, K2, K3, K4 and the brake B can switch four driving ranges.
  • the summation gear 5 with the other planetary gears is also referred to as a shift drum.
  • the second electrical machine 3 is arranged radially outside the shift drum, but in the axial region of the shift drum. Due to the small diameter of the second electrical machine 3, the transmission only widens slightly.
  • the clutch for forward travel KV and the clutch for reverse travel KR make it possible to use the driving ranges in forward and reverse travel.
  • the drive wheels of the rear axle and front axle are driven via the connection to the rear axle 10 and the connection to the front axle 11.
  • the table lists the clutches that are necessary to switch the driving ranges in the forward direction and the driving ranges in the reverse direction.
  • the first driving range is shown in the forward direction of travel
  • in the second line the second driving range is shown in the forward driving direction
  • in the third line the third driving range is shown in the forward driving direction
  • in the fourth line the fourth driving range is in the forward driving direction shown.
  • the fifth line shows the first driving range in the reverse direction
  • the sixth line shows the second driving range in the reverse direction
  • the seventh line shows the third driving range in the reverse direction
  • the eighth line shows the fourth driving range in the reverse direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a power split transmission comprising a first electric machine (2) and a second electric machine (3), which form the continuously variable branch of the power split transmission. The first electric machine (2) is larger in diameter than the diameter of the second electric machine (3). The first electric machine (2) is arranged between the intermediate flange (1) and the holding part (5).

Description

Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe Power split transmission
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 näher definierten Art. The invention relates to a power split transmission according to the type defined in more detail in the preamble of claim 1.
Gattungsgemäße Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe werden in Arbeitsmaschinen wie beispielsweise landwirtschaftliche Maschinen wie Traktoren oder Baumaschinen wie beispielsweise Radlader eingesetzt. Die Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe weisen einen mechanischen und einen stufenlos verstellbaren Leistungszweig auf, welche über ein Summierungsgetriebe aufsummiert werden. Generic power split transmissions are used in work machines such as agricultural machines such as tractors or construction machines such as wheel loaders. The power split transmissions have a mechanical and a continuously adjustable power branch, which are summed up via a summation gear.
Die DE 10 2019 204 909 A1 offenbart ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe mit einem Antriebsmotor, welcher einen elektrischen Leistungszweig mit einer ersten elektrischen Maschine und einer zweiten elektrischen Maschine antreibt und welcher gleichzeitig einen mechanischen Leistungszweig antreibt, wobei beide Leistungszweige in einem Summierungsgetriebe aufsummiert werden. The DE 10 2019 204 909 A1 discloses a power split transmission with a drive motor, which drives an electrical power branch with a first electrical machine and a second electrical machine and which simultaneously drives a mechanical power branch, with both power branches being summed up in a summation gear.
Insbesondere bei landwirtschaftlichen Anwendungen wie beispielsweise Traktoren ist der Bauraum und auch insbesondere die Baulänge des Getriebes sehr beschränkt. Particularly in agricultural applications such as tractors, the installation space and in particular the length of the transmission are very limited.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe zu schaffen, welches sich insbesondere durch die kompakte Bauweise auszeichnet. The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a power split transmission which is characterized in particular by its compact design.
Die Aufgabe wird mit einem auf die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Hauptanspruchs aufweisenden gattungsgemäßen Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe gelöst. The task is solved with a generic power split transmission having the characterizing features of the main claim.
Erfindungsgemäß weist das Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe eine erste elektrische Maschine auf, welche mit dem Antriebsmotor und dem Summierungsgetriebe in Wirkverbindung steht. Der Antriebsmotor kann ein Verbrennungsmotor sein, es ist aber auch möglich, dass der Antriebsmotor ein elektrischer Motor ist. Die erste elektrische Maschine ist elektrisch verbunden mit der zweiten elektrischen Maschine, wobei die zweite elektrische Maschine ebenfalls mit dem Summierungsgetriebe in Wirkverbindung steht. Dadurch entsteht ein primär gekoppeltes Getriebe. According to the invention, the power split transmission has a first electrical machine, which is in operative connection with the drive motor and the summation transmission. The drive motor can be an internal combustion engine, but it is also possible for the drive motor to be an electric motor. The first electrical machine is electrically connected to the second electrical machine, with the second electrical machine also being operatively connected to the summation gear. This creates a primarily coupled transmission.
Die erste elektrische Maschine weist einen größeren Durchmesser auf als die zweite elektrische Maschine und die zweite elektrische Maschine weist eine größere Baulänge auf als die erste elektrische Maschine. Dadurch ist es möglich, die erste elektrische Maschine koaxial zur Getriebeeingangswelle in axialer Richtung zwischen dem Summierungsgetriebe und dem Antriebsmotor anzuordnen und die zweite elektrische Maschine radial außerhalb des Summierungsgetriebes jedoch im Bereich des Summierungsgetriebes anzuordnen. The first electrical machine has a larger diameter than the second electrical machine and the second electrical machine has a larger diameter Length than the first electric machine. This makes it possible to arrange the first electric machine coaxially with the transmission input shaft in the axial direction between the summation gear and the drive motor and to arrange the second electric machine radially outside of the summation gear but in the area of the summation gear.
Dadurch entsteht ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe, welches eine geringe Gesamtlänge aufweist. Bedingt durch den geringen Durchmesser der zweiten elektrischen Maschine weist diese eine geringe Massenträgheit auf, wodurch eine hohe Verstellgeschwindigkeit der Übersetzung möglich ist. Auch die radiale Erstreckung des Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebes bleibt gering, da die zweite elektrische Maschine einen geringen Durchmesser aufweist. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, neben dem Summierungsgetriebe, welches mit der Schaltwalze verbunden ist, noch weitere Komponenten wie beispielsweise eine hydraulische Getriebesteuerung oder die zu den elektrischen Maschinen gehörenden Wechselrichter direkt am Getriebe anzuordnen. Da die erste elektrische Maschine drehfest mit dem Antriebsmotor gekoppelt ist, besteht die Möglichkeit, die erste elektrische Maschine koaxial am Getriebeeingang anzuordnen. Die erste elektrische Maschine hat einen größeren Durchmesser und eine geringere axiale Baulänge, wodurch die Gesamtbaulänge des Getriebes sich nicht wesentlich vergrößert. This creates a power split transmission that has a short overall length. Due to the small diameter of the second electrical machine, it has a low mass inertia, which enables a high adjustment speed of the translation. The radial extent of the power split transmission also remains small because the second electric machine has a small diameter. This makes it possible to arrange, in addition to the summation gear, which is connected to the shift drum, other components such as a hydraulic transmission control or the inverters belonging to the electrical machines directly on the transmission. Since the first electrical machine is coupled to the drive motor in a rotationally fixed manner, it is possible to arrange the first electrical machine coaxially at the transmission input. The first electrical machine has a larger diameter and a smaller axial length, which means that the overall length of the transmission does not increase significantly.
Indem die erste elektrische Maschine einen großen Durchmesser aufweist, besteht die Möglichkeit, ein Untersetzungsgetriebe in Planetenbauweise innerhalb der ersten elektrischen Maschine anzuordnen. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, die Drehzahl der ersten elektrischen Maschine gegenüber der Getriebeeingangsdrehzahl zu erhöhen. Somit kann der Antriebsmotor mit einer geringeren Drehzahl betrieben werden, ohne dass die erste elektrische Maschine ebenfalls diese geringe Drehzahl aufweisen muss. Durch die Verwendung dieses zusätzlichen Planetenuntersetzungsgetriebes vergrößert sich auch die Baulänge des Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebes nicht. Because the first electrical machine has a large diameter, it is possible to arrange a planetary reduction gear within the first electrical machine. This makes it possible to increase the speed of the first electric machine compared to the transmission input speed. The drive motor can therefore be operated at a lower speed without the first electrical machine also having to have this low speed. By using this additional planetary reduction gear, the overall length of the power split gear does not increase.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltungsform besteht die Möglichkeit, zwischen der Getriebeeingangswelle und dem Antriebsmotor eine Kupplung anzuordnen, mittels welcher der Kraftfluss vom Antriebsmotor zur Getriebeeingangswelle unterbrochen werden kann. In a further embodiment, it is possible to arrange a clutch between the transmission input shaft and the drive motor, by means of which the power flow from the drive motor to the transmission input shaft can be interrupted.
Weist das Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe zusätzlich eine elektrische Speichereinrichtung auf, besteht die Möglichkeit auch bei stillstehendem Antriebsmotor das Fahrzeug über die erste elektrische Maschine anzutreiben. Auch diese Kupplung mit welcher der Antriebsmotor getrennt werden kann, kann innerhalb der ersten elektrischen Maschine angeordnet werden, wodurch sich die Baulänge des Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebes nicht vergrößert. If the power split transmission also has an electrical storage device, it is possible to drive the vehicle via the first electrical machine even when the drive motor is at a standstill. This clutch, with which the drive motor can be separated, can also be arranged within the first electrical machine, so that the overall length of the power split transmission does not increase.
Eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung kann die erste elektrische Maschine und die zweite elektrische Maschine so ansteuern, dass die erste elektrische Maschine mehr elektrische Energie bereitstellt als die zweite elektrische Maschine benötigt. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, sowohl eine elektrische Speichereinrichtung, beispielsweise eine Batterie zu laden oder weitere elektrische Verbraucher mit elektrischer Energie zu versorgen. Des Weiteren gibt es Betriebspunkte, bei denen beide elektrische Maschinen gleichzeitig genutzt werden können, um elektrische Energie weiteren elektrischen Verbrauchern bereitzustellen oder eine Batterie zu laden. Dies wird auch co- generatorischer Betrieb genannt. An electronic control device can control the first electrical machine and the second electrical machine in such a way that the first electrical machine provides more electrical energy than the second electrical machine requires. This makes it possible to charge an electrical storage device, for example a battery, or to supply additional electrical consumers with electrical energy. Furthermore, there are operating points at which both electrical machines can be used simultaneously to provide electrical energy to other electrical consumers or to charge a battery. This is also called co-generative operation.
Weitere Merkmale sind der Figurenbeschreibung zu entnehmen. Further features can be found in the description of the figures.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig. 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe; Fig. 1 shows a power split transmission according to the invention;
Fig. 2 ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe mit einem Untersetzungsgetriebe zwischen der Getriebeeingangswelle und der ersten elektrischen Maschine; 2 shows a power split transmission with a reduction gear between the transmission input shaft and the first electric machine;
Fig. 3 ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe mit einem Untersetzungsgetriebe zwischen der ersten elektrischen Maschine und der Getriebeeingangswelle; 3 shows a power split transmission with a reduction gear between the first electric machine and the transmission input shaft;
Fig. 4 ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe mit einem Untersetzungsgetriebe zwischen der ersten elektrischen Maschine und der Getriebeeingangswelle undFig. 4 shows a power split transmission with a reduction gear between the first electric machine and the transmission input shaft and
Fig. 5 ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe mit einer Kupplung zwischen der Getriebeeingangswelle und dem Antriebsmotor. Fig. 5 shows a power split transmission with a clutch between the transmission input shaft and the drive motor.
Fig. 6 ein Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe mit einem Untersetzungsgetriebe zwischen der ersten elektrischen Maschine und der Getriebeeingangswelle, wobei die Getriebeeingangswelle nicht koaxial zum Summierungsgetriebe angeordnet ist. 6 shows a power split transmission with a reduction gear between the first electric machine and the transmission input shaft, wherein the transmission input shaft is not arranged coaxially to the summation gear.
Figur 1 : Figure 1:
Ein Antriebsmotor 1 treibt über einen Torsionsdämpfer 12 eine Getriebeeingangswelle 4 an. Die Getriebeeingangswelle 4 ist einerseits mit einer ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 verbunden. Die Getriebeeingangswelle 4 ist ebenso mit einem Hohlrad des Summierungsgetriebes 5, welches als Planetengetriebe ausgebildet ist, verbunden. Die Getriebeeingangswelle 4 ist ebenso mit dem Nebenabtrieb 9 verbunden. Die erste elektrische Maschine 2 ist koaxial zur Getriebeeingangswelle 4 angeordnet. Das Summierungsgetriebe ist koaxial zur ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 angeordnet. Die erste elektrische Maschine 2 ist zwischen dem Antriebsmotor 1 und dem Summierungsgetriebe 5 angeordnet. Die zweite elektrische Maschine 3 treibt über ein Stirnradgetriebe das Sonnenrad des Summierungsgetriebes 5 an. Der Durchmesser der ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 ist größer als der Durchmesser der zweiten elektrischen Maschine 3. Die Baulänge der ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 ist kleiner als die Baulänge der zweiten elektrischen Maschine 3. Das Summierungsgetriebe 5 ist in Wirkverbindung mit weiteren Planetengetrieben, welche über die Kupplungen K1 , K2, K3, K4 und die Bremse B vier Fahrbereiche schalten können. Das Summierungsgetriebe 5 mit den weiteren Planetengetrieben wird auch als Schaltwalze bezeichnet. Radial außerhalb der Schaltwalze, jedoch im axialen Bereich der Schaltwalze, ist die zweite elektrische Maschine 3 angeordnet. Durch den geringen Durchmesser der zweiten elektrischen Maschine 3 verbreitert sich das Getriebe nur unwesentlich. Über die Kupplung für Vorwärtsfahrt KV und die Kupplung für Rückwärtsfahrt KR besteht die Möglichkeit, die Fahrbereiche in Vorwärts- und Rückwärtsfahrt zu verwenden. Über den Anschluss zur Hinterachse 10 und den Anschluss zur Vorderachse 11 werden die Antriebsräder der Hinterachse und Vorderachse angetrieben. In der Tabelle sind die Kupplungen angeführt, welche zum Schalten der Fahrbereiche in Vorwärtsfahrtrichtung und der Fahrbereiche in Rückwärtsfahrtrichtung notwendig sind. In der ersten Zeile ist der erste Fahrbereich in Vorwärtsfahrtrichtung dargestellt, in der zweiten Zeile ist der zweite Fahrbereich in Vorwärtsfahrtrichtung dargestellt, in der dritten Zeile ist der dritte Fahrbereich in Vorwärtsfahrtrichtung dargestellt, und in der vierten Zeile ist der vierte Fahrbereich in Vorwärtsfahrtrichtung dargestellt. In der fünften Zeile ist der erste Fahrbereich in Rückwärtsfahrtrichtung dargestellt, in der sechsten Zeile ist der zweite Fahrbereich in Rückwärtsfahrtrichtung dargestellt, in der siebten Zeile ist der dritte Fahrbereich in Rückwärtsfahrtrichtung dargestellt, und in der achten Zeile ist der vierte Fahrbereich in Rückwärtsfahrtrichtung dargestellt. A drive motor 1 drives a transmission input shaft 4 via a torsion damper 12. The transmission input shaft 4 is connected on the one hand to a first electric machine 2. The transmission input shaft 4 is also connected to a ring gear of the summation gear 5, which is designed as a planetary gear. The transmission input shaft 4 is also connected to the power take-off 9. The first electric machine 2 is arranged coaxially to the transmission input shaft 4. The summation gear is arranged coaxially with the first electrical machine 2. The first electric machine 2 is arranged between the drive motor 1 and the summation gear 5. The second electric machine 3 drives the sun gear of the summation gear 5 via a spur gear. The diameter of the first electrical machine 2 is larger than the diameter of the second electrical machine 3. The overall length of the first electrical machine 2 is smaller than the overall length of the second electrical machine 3. The summation gear 5 is in operative connection with other planetary gears, which via the clutches K1, K2, K3, K4 and the brake B can switch four driving ranges. The summation gear 5 with the other planetary gears is also referred to as a shift drum. The second electrical machine 3 is arranged radially outside the shift drum, but in the axial region of the shift drum. Due to the small diameter of the second electrical machine 3, the transmission only widens slightly. The clutch for forward travel KV and the clutch for reverse travel KR make it possible to use the driving ranges in forward and reverse travel. The drive wheels of the rear axle and front axle are driven via the connection to the rear axle 10 and the connection to the front axle 11. The table lists the clutches that are necessary to switch the driving ranges in the forward direction and the driving ranges in the reverse direction. In the first line the first driving range is shown in the forward direction of travel, in the second line the second driving range is shown in the forward driving direction, in the third line the third driving range is shown in the forward driving direction, and in the fourth line the fourth driving range is in the forward driving direction shown. The fifth line shows the first driving range in the reverse direction, the sixth line shows the second driving range in the reverse direction, the seventh line shows the third driving range in the reverse direction, and the eighth line shows the fourth driving range in the reverse direction.
Figur 2: Figure 2:
Die Figur 2 unterscheidet sich von der Figur 1 dadurch, dass innerhalb der ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 ein Planetengetriebe 13 angeordnet ist, welches die Drehzahl zwischen der Getriebeeingangswelle 4 und der ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 erhöht. Bei diesem Planetengetriebe 13 ist das Sonnenrad mit der ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 wirkverbunden und der Planetenträger mit der Getriebeeingangswelle 4 verbunden. Das Hohlrad ist ortsfest gehalten. Figure 2 differs from Figure 1 in that a planetary gear 13 is arranged within the first electrical machine 2, which increases the speed between the transmission input shaft 4 and the first electrical machine 2. In this planetary gear 13, the sun gear is operatively connected to the first electric machine 2 and the planet carrier is connected to the transmission input shaft 4. The ring gear is held stationary.
Figur 3: Figure 3:
Die Figur 3 unterscheidet sich von der Figur 2 dadurch, dass beim Planetengetriebe 13 das Sonnenrad mit der ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 wirkverbunden ist und das Hohlrad mit der Getriebeeingangswelle 4 wirkverbunden ist. Der Planetenträger ist ortsfest gehalten. Figure 3 differs from Figure 2 in that in the planetary gear 13 the sun gear is operatively connected to the first electric machine 2 and the ring gear is operatively connected to the transmission input shaft 4. The planet carrier is held stationary.
Figur 4: Figure 4:
Die Figur 4 unterscheidet sich von der Figur 3 dadurch, dass beim Planetengetriebe 13 das Hohlrad mit der ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 wirkverbunden ist und das Sonnenrad ortsfest gehalten ist. Der Planetenträger ist mit der Getriebeeingangswelle 4 wirkverbunden. Figure 4 differs from Figure 3 in that in the planetary gear 13 the ring gear is operatively connected to the first electric machine 2 and the sun gear is held stationary. The planet carrier is operatively connected to the transmission input shaft 4.
Figur 5: Figure 5:
Die Figur 5 unterscheidet sich von der Figur 1 dadurch, dass innerhalb der ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 eine Kupplung 14 angeordnet ist, mittels welcher der Kraftfluss vom Antriebsmotor 1 zur Getriebeeingangswelle 4 unterbrochen werden kann. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, elektrische Energie von der elektrischen Speichereinrichtung 6 bei stillstehendem Antriebsmotor 1 und geöffneter Kupplung 14 zur ersten elektrischen Maschine 2 zu führen, um die Getriebeeingangswelle 4 durch die elektrische Maschine 2 anzutreiben. Dadurch kann rein elektrisch gefahren werden. 5 differs from FIG. 1 in that a clutch 14 is arranged within the first electric machine 2, by means of which the power flow from the drive motor 1 to the transmission input shaft 4 can be interrupted. This makes it possible to use electrical energy from the electrical storage device 6 when the drive motor 1 is at a standstill and the clutch 14 is open first electric machine 2 to drive the transmission input shaft 4 through the electric machine 2. This means you can drive purely electrically.
Figur 6: Figure 6:
Die Figur 6 unterscheidet sich von der Figur 4 dadurch, dass die Getriebeeingangswelle 4 beabstandet zur Drehachse des Summierungsgetriebes 5 angeordnet ist. Das Planetengetriebe 13 kann wie in der Figur 4 ausgebildet sein, es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit das Planetengetriebe 13 wie in den Figuren 2 oder 3 auszubilden oder vollends wie in der Figur 1 entfallen zu lassen oder eine Kupplung 14 wie in der Figur 5 anzuordnen. Figure 6 differs from Figure 4 in that the transmission input shaft 4 is arranged at a distance from the axis of rotation of the summation gear 5. The planetary gear 13 can be designed as in Figure 4, but it is also possible to design the planetary gear 13 as in Figures 2 or 3 or to omit it completely as in Figure 1 or to arrange a clutch 14 as in Figure 5.
Die Getriebeeingangswelle 4 kann radial gegenüber dem Antrieb zur Hinterachse 10 und die elektrische Maschine 3 kann gegenüber dem Summierungsgetriebe 5 angeordnet werden. Dadurch entsteht in radialer Richtung ein kompaktes Getriebe. The transmission input shaft 4 can be arranged radially opposite the drive to the rear axle 10 and the electric machine 3 can be arranged opposite the summation gear 5. This creates a compact gear in the radial direction.
Dadurch dass das Summierungsgetriebe 5 nicht koaxial zur Getriebeeingangswelle 4 angeordnet ist, kann die elektrische Maschine 3 vergleichsweise nah an die Welle des Nebenabriebs 9 herangeführt werden und das Gesamtgetriebe baut insgesamt schmaler. Because the summation gear 5 is not arranged coaxially with the gearbox input shaft 4, the electric machine 3 can be brought comparatively close to the shaft of the auxiliary wear 9 and the overall gearbox is narrower overall.
Bezuqszeichen reference symbol
1 Antriebsmotor elektrische Maschine 1 drive motor electric machine
3 elektrische Maschine3 electric machine
Getriebeeingangswelte Transmission input world
5 Summierungsgetriebe 5 summing gears
6 elektrische Speichereinrichtung 6 electrical storage device
7 elektronische Steuerung 7 electronic controls
8 elektrische Verbraucher 8 electrical consumers
9 Nebenabtrieb 9 PTO
10 Hinterachse 10 rear axle
11 Antrieb zur Vorderachse 11 Drive to the front axle
12 Torsionsdämpfer 12 torsion dampers
13 Planetengetriebe 13 planetary gears
14 Kupplung 14 clutch
K1 Kupplung K1 clutch
K2 Kupplung K2 clutch
K3 Kupplung K3 clutch
K4 Kupplung K4 clutch
KV Kupplung für Vorwärtsfahrt KV clutch for forward travel
KR Kupplung für Rückwärtsfahrt KR clutch for reversing
B Bremse B brake

Claims

Patentansprüche Patent claims
1. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe mit einem ersten Leistungszweig und einem zweiten Leistungszweig, welche mittels eines Summierungsgetriebes (5) summiert werden, wobei der erste Leistungszweig eine erste Elektromaschine (2) und eine zweite Elektromaschine (3) aufweist, wobei die erste Elektromaschine (2) mit einer von einem Antriebsmotor (1 ) antreibbarer Getriebeeingangswelle (4) und dem Summierungsgetriebe (5) in Wirkverbindung steht und die zweite Elektromaschine (3) mit dem Summierungsgetriebe (5) in Wirkverbindung steht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Elektromaschine (2) zwischen dem Antriebsmotor (1 ) und dem Summierungsgetriebe (5), koaxial zur Getriebeeingangswelle (4) angeordnet ist und die zweite Elektromaschine (3) radial außerhalb des Summierungsgetriebes (5) angeordnet ist und die erste Elektromaschine (2) einen größeren Durchmesser aufweist als die zweite Elektromaschine (3). 1. Power split transmission with a first power branch and a second power branch, which are summed by means of a summation gear (5), the first power branch having a first electric machine (2) and a second electric machine (3), the first electric machine (2) having a The transmission input shaft (4) which can be driven by a drive motor (1) and the summation gear (5) is in operative connection and the second electric machine (3) is in operative connection with the summation gear (5), characterized in that the first electric machine (2) between the drive motor (1) and the summation gear (5), is arranged coaxially to the transmission input shaft (4) and the second electric machine (3) is arranged radially outside the summation gear (5) and the first electric machine (2) has a larger diameter than the second electric machine ( 3).
2. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Elektromaschine (2) kürzer ist als die zweite Elektromaschine (3). 2. Power split transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the first electric machine (2) is shorter than the second electric machine (3).
3. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Summierungsgetriebe (5) als Planetengetriebe ausgebildet ist. 3. Power split transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the summation transmission (5) is designed as a planetary gear.
4. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Summierungsgetriebe (5) mit weiteren Planetengetrieben zusammenwirkt und eine Schaltwalze bildet. 4. Power split transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that the summation transmission (5) interacts with further planetary gears and forms a shift drum.
5. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Elektromaschine (3) im axialen Bereich der Schaltwalze angeordnet ist. 5. Power split transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that the second electric machine (3) is arranged in the axial region of the shift drum.
6. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Elektromaschine (2) elektrisch mit der zweiten Elektromaschine (3) verbunden ist und die erste Elektromaschine (2) mehr elektrische Leistung erzeugen kann, als die zweite elektrische Maschine (3) benötigt und diese überschüssige Leistung weiteren elektrischen Verbrauchern zur Verfügung gestellt wird. 6. Power split transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the first electric machine (2) is electrically connected to the second electric machine (3) and the first electric machine (2) can generate more electrical power than the second electric machine (3) requires and this excess power is made available to other electrical consumers.
7. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Getriebeeingangswelle (4) und der ersten elektrischen Maschine (2) eine Kupplung (14) angeordnet ist, mittels welcher der Kraftfluss der Antriebsmaschine (1 ) von der Getriebeeingangswelle (4) unterbrochen werden kann. 7. Power split transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that a clutch (14) is arranged between the transmission input shaft (4) and the first electrical machine (2), by means of which the power flow of the drive machine (1) is interrupted by the transmission input shaft (4). can.
8. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Getriebeeingangswelle (4) und der ersten elektrischen Maschine (2) ein Planetengetriebe (13) wirkverbunden angeordnet ist, wobei die Drehzahl der Getriebeeingangswelle (4) sich von der Drehzahl der ersten Elektromaschine (2) unterscheidet. 8. Power split transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that a planetary gear (13) is arranged operatively connected between the transmission input shaft (4) and the first electrical machine (2), the speed of the transmission input shaft (4) being dependent on the speed of the first electric machine ( 2) differs.
9. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mit der ersten Elektromaschine (2) verbundene Planetengetriebe (13) innerhalb der axialen Erstreckung der ersten Elektromaschine (2) angeordnet ist. 9. Power split transmission according to claim 8, characterized in that the planetary gear (13) connected to the first electric machine (2) is arranged within the axial extent of the first electric machine (2).
10. Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Elektromaschine (2) mit der elektrischen Speichereinrichtung (6) wirkverbunden ist. 10. Power split transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the first electric machine (2) is operatively connected to the electrical storage device (6).
11. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebes nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Speichereinrichtung (6) die erste Elektromaschine (2) mit elektrischer Energie speist. 11. A method for operating a power split transmission according to claim 10, characterized in that the electrical storage device (6) feeds the first electric machine (2) with electrical energy.
PCT/EP2023/062667 2022-05-17 2023-05-11 Power split transmission WO2023222522A1 (en)

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DE102010003941A1 (en) 2010-04-14 2011-10-20 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Continuously variable transmission with power split
DE102017219999A1 (en) 2017-11-10 2019-05-16 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Continuously variable power split transmission with at least four driving ranges
DE102018213871A1 (en) 2018-08-17 2020-02-20 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Power split transmission

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1279543A2 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-01-29 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Hybrid drivetrain for a vehicle
WO2009010819A1 (en) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 Renault Trucks Powertrain comprising an optimized energy recovery system
EP2554447A1 (en) * 2010-03-30 2013-02-06 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Drive control device for hybrid vehicle
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