WO2023216808A1 - Lead-bismuth supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system and method - Google Patents
Lead-bismuth supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023216808A1 WO2023216808A1 PCT/CN2023/088376 CN2023088376W WO2023216808A1 WO 2023216808 A1 WO2023216808 A1 WO 2023216808A1 CN 2023088376 W CN2023088376 W CN 2023088376W WO 2023216808 A1 WO2023216808 A1 WO 2023216808A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- circuit board
- printed circuit
- heat exchanger
- working fluid
- liquid metal
- Prior art date
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/14—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from headers; from joints in ducts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/28—Selection of specific coolants ; Additions to the reactor coolants, e.g. against moderator corrosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the technical field of cycle power generation and heat exchange, specifically a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system and method.
- the power cycle constructed with supercritical carbon dioxide as the working fluid has become a research hotspot in recent years and is one of the thermal power conversion solutions with current application prospects.
- the fourth-generation reactor using liquid metal as the reactor coolant also has very broad application prospects. .
- the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is compact and highly flexible. It can be combined with a liquid metal-cooled reactor to form a modular, miniaturized, and highly mobile power generation system. This combination has been favored by domestic and foreign research institutions and energy companies. extensive attention and research.
- the key equipment for energy transfer between the reactor liquid metal cooling circuit and the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is the intermediate heat exchanger, whose performance directly affects the efficiency and safety of the reactor power generation system. Since liquid metal is highly corrosive at high temperatures, corrosion products easily precipitate at low temperatures, which can easily cause blockage of heat exchange channels.
- the design method of lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide intermediate heat exchanger is not yet mature.
- the traditional shell-and-tube lead/supercritical carbon dioxide intermediate heat exchanger has shortcomings such as low heat exchange efficiency and large spatial size.
- the present disclosure provides a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system and method, which reduces the space size of the heat exchange system, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and realizes the high efficiency, modularity and compactness of the system. .
- a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system including a reactor shell and a plurality of printed circuit board heat exchangers arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell of the reactor shell;
- the printed circuit board heat exchanger is fan-shaped, and the printed circuit board heat exchanger includes a plurality of alternately stacked diffusion welded liquid metal heat transfer plates and secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plates, a liquid metal inlet, Liquid metal outlet, secondary circuit working fluid inlet header and secondary circuit working fluid outlet header;
- the liquid metal inlet is arranged on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger
- the liquid metal outlet is arranged on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger
- the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header and The secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers are arranged on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger.
- the reactor shell is an annular cylinder.
- the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header are arc-shaped, and the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header is provided with one or more secondary circuit working fluid inlet through holes,
- the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header is provided with one or more secondary circuit working fluid outlet through holes.
- the secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers are provided with multiple secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers, and the multiple secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers are spliced in sequence along the circumferential direction of the reactor shell, and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers are provided with multiple, Multiple secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers are spliced in sequence along the circumferential direction of the inner shell of the reactor casing.
- heat exchange flow channels are etched on both the liquid metal heat transfer plate and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate.
- the diameter of the heat exchange flow channel of the liquid metal heat transfer plate is not less than 2 mm.
- the heat exchange flow channels on the liquid metal heat transfer plate and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate are semicircular.
- a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange method includes the following steps:
- the liquid metal enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger through the liquid metal inlet on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger;
- the secondary circuit working fluid enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger through the secondary circuit working fluid inlet opened on the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger;
- the liquid metal transfers heat to the secondary circuit working fluid in the printed circuit board heat exchanger, and then flows downward from the liquid metal outlet on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger.
- the secondary circuit working fluid absorbs heat and is exchanged from the printed circuit board.
- the secondary circuit working medium outlet opened on the secondary circuit working medium outlet header on the top of the heater flows out, and the heat exchange is completed.
- the manufacturing steps of the printed circuit board heat exchanger are as follows:
- the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger is cut and processed to remove excess material so that the printed circuit board heat exchanger fits the inner shell and outer shell of the reactor shell to obtain a sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger.
- the present disclosure provides a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system.
- a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system By reprocessing the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger core and using cutting processing technology to produce a small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger.
- multiple small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchangers are connected in sequence to form a large-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger or a circular printed circuit board heat exchanger.
- the sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger described in the present disclosure can be perfectly matched with the inner and outer shells of the reactor shell, and at the same time, combined with the good heat transfer performance of the printed circuit board heat exchanger itself, the lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system
- the size is significantly reduced, improving space utilization and achieving high efficiency, modularity and compactness of the heat exchange system.
- the liquid metal inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on the top and bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger, and the secondary circuit working medium that exchanges heat with it has its inlet and outlet arranged on the printed circuit board heat exchanger.
- the liquid metal passes through the nuclear reactor from bottom to top in the space between the inner shell of the reactor shell and will transform into high-temperature liquid metal. Since the temperature of the liquid metal in the reactor goes up and down, it can form a natural flow of heat exchange working fluid. circulation, thereby improving the safety of the reactor, avoiding blockage of the heat exchange channel, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, ensuring the continuous and stable transfer of energy, and ensuring the normal operation and safety performance of the reactor power generation system.
- the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger is subjected to secondary processing, using cutting processing technology to remove excess material, so that the printed circuit board heat exchanger is fit with the inner shell and outer shell of the reactor shell. , obtain a small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger; connect multiple small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchangers to form a large-angle sector-shaped or annular printed circuit board heat exchanger, thereby obtaining a heat exchanger with the reactor shell
- a printed circuit board heat exchanger with a higher degree of physical fit can reduce the space volume of the heat exchanger, thereby greatly reducing the size of the overall equipment of the heat exchange system.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the heat exchange system of the present disclosure
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of plane A-A in Figure 1 of the present disclosure
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the processing technology of the printed circuit board heat exchanger of the present disclosure.
- Figure 5(a) is a flow channel diagram of the secondary circuit working medium heat exchange plate of the present disclosure
- Figure 5(b) is a flow channel diagram of the liquid metal heat exchange plate of the present disclosure.
- the present invention discloses a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system, which includes a reactor shell and multiple printed circuit board heat exchangers 13 arranged between the reactor shell outer shell 9 and the inner shell 10;
- the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 is fan-shaped, and the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 includes a plurality of alternately stacked diffusion welded liquid metal heat transfer plates 7 and secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plates 6, liquid Metal inlet 5, liquid metal outlet 8, secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 and secondary circuit working fluid outlet header 4;
- the liquid metal inlet 5 is provided on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13
- the liquid metal outlet 8 is provided on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13
- the secondary circuit working fluid The inlet header 3 and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header 4 are both arranged on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 .
- the present disclosure provides a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, by reprocessing the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger core and using cutting processing technology to create a small-angle heat exchanger.
- the fan-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 is finally connected in sequence according to the demand to form a large-angle fan-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger or a circular printed circuit board. Heat Exchanger.
- the sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 described in the present disclosure can be perfectly matched with the inner and outer shell 9 of the reactor shell, and at the same time, combined with the good heat transfer performance of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 itself, the lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide exchange
- the size of the thermal system is significantly reduced, improving space utilization and achieving high efficiency, modularity and compactness of the heat exchange system.
- the liquid metal inlet 5 and the outlet are respectively arranged on the top and bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13, and the secondary circuit working medium that exchanges heat with it has its inlet and outlet both arranged on the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13.
- the liquid metal passes through the nuclear reactor 11 from bottom to top in the space between the inner shell 10 of the reactor shell and is converted into high-temperature liquid metal. Since the temperature of the liquid metal in the reactor 11 is high and low, it can form The natural circulation of the heat exchange working fluid improves the safety of the reactor 11, avoids blockage of the heat exchange channel, improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, ensures the continuous and stable transfer of energy, and ensures the normal operation and safety performance of the reactor power generation system.
- the reactor shell is a circular cylinder, and a nuclear reactor 11 is placed inside the circular ring.
- the liquid metal in the reactor 11 is heated by the high temperature generated by the nuclear reaction and then enters the printed circuit from bottom to top through the upper liquid metal inlet 5
- the plate heat exchanger 13 realizes heat exchange.
- the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header 4 are arc-shaped, and the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 is provided with one or more Secondary circuit working fluid input
- the secondary circuit working medium outlet header 4 is provided with one or more secondary circuit working medium outlet through holes 2. The number of through holes and the incoming secondary circuit working medium flow rate can be set according to the heat exchange requirements. .
- the secondary circuit working fluid inlet through hole 1 and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet through hole 2 are circular, but are not limited thereto.
- the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 is provided with multiple secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers 3, and the plurality of secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers 3 are sequentially spliced along the circumferential direction of the reactor shell 9, and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header 4 is provided. There are multiple secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers 4 that are sequentially spliced along the circumferential direction of the reactor housing inner shell 10 .
- the inlet end of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 is provided with a flow distributor, and the outlet end is provided with a current collector.
- the flow distributor is provided at the liquid metal inlet 5 and the secondary circuit working medium inlet header 3 , the current collector is set at the liquid metal outlet 8.
- heat exchange flow channels are etched on the liquid metal heat transfer plate 7 and the secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plate 6.
- the diameter of the heat exchange flow channel of the liquid metal heat transfer plate 7 is not less than 2 mm, so that corrosion products precipitated when the liquid metal is at low temperature will not easily block the heat exchange channel.
- the heat exchange flow channels on the liquid metal heat transfer plate 7 and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate 6 are semicircular.
- the disclosure also provides a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange method.
- the working process is as follows:
- the liquid metal in the nuclear reactor 11 is heated from bottom to top by the high-temperature heat of the reaction in the nuclear reactor 11 in the space in the middle of the inner shell 10, and then its temperature increases, its density decreases, and it transforms into high-temperature liquid metal;
- the high-temperature liquid metal flows upward under the action of buoyancy, or enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 from the liquid metal inlet 5 on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 under the suction action of the pump;
- the secondary circuit working fluid enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 through the secondary circuit working fluid inlet opened on the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13;
- the high-temperature liquid metal transfers heat to the secondary circuit working fluid in the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13. After the transfer is completed, it flows downward from the liquid metal outlet 8 on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13.
- the secondary circuit working medium The fluid first flows downward and then upward in the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13. After absorbing the heat released by the liquid metal, it flows from the secondary circuit working medium outlet header 4 on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13. The mass flows out from the outlet and the heat exchange is completed.
- the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger is subjected to secondary processing to obtain a printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 with a higher degree of fit with the reactor shell, which can reduce the space volume of the heat exchanger, thereby greatly reducing
- the dimensions of the overall equipment of the heat exchange system are shown in Figures 4a, 4b and 4c, and the manufacturing steps are as follows:
- Cutting processing technology is used for the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger to remove excess material 12 so that the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 fits the inner shell 10 and outer shell 9 of the reactor shell to obtain a small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board.
- the manufactured printed circuit board heat exchanger is installed between the inner and outer shell 9 of the nuclear reactor 11, and the heat exchange preparation is completed.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system and method, the space size scale of the heat exchange system being reduced, heat exchange efficiency being improved, and the high efficiency and the modular and compact characteristics of the system being achieved. The system comprises a reactor vessel shell and a plurality of printed circuit board heat exchangers (13) arranged between an outer shell (9) and an inner shell (10) of the reactor vessel shell, a printed circuit board heat exchanger (13) being fan-shaped, the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13) comprising a plurality of liquid metal heat transfer plates (7) and secondary-loop working medium heat transfer plates (6) which are alternately stacked and diffusion-welded, a liquid metal inlet (5), a liquid metal outlet (8), a secondary-loop working medium inlet header (3) and a secondary-loop working medium outlet header (4), the liquid metal inlet (5) being arranged on one side of the top portion of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13), the liquid metal outlet (8) being arranged on one side of the bottom portion of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13), and the secondary-loop working medium inlet header (3) and the secondary-loop working medium outlet header (4) being both arranged at the top portion of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13).
Description
本公开涉及循环发电换热技术领域，具体为一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***及方法。The present disclosure relates to the technical field of cycle power generation and heat exchange, specifically a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system and method.
以超临界二氧化碳为工质构建的动力循环近年来成为了研究热点，是目前具有应用前景的热功转换方案之一，以液态金属作为反应堆冷却剂的***反应堆也具有非常广阔的应用前景。超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环发电***具有紧凑和灵活性强等特点，可与液态金属冷却的反应堆组成模块化、小型化、高机动性的发电***，这种组合受到了国内外科研机构和能源企业的广泛关注和研究。The power cycle constructed with supercritical carbon dioxide as the working fluid has become a research hotspot in recent years and is one of the thermal power conversion solutions with current application prospects. The fourth-generation reactor using liquid metal as the reactor coolant also has very broad application prospects. . The supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is compact and highly flexible. It can be combined with a liquid metal-cooled reactor to form a modular, miniaturized, and highly mobile power generation system. This combination has been favored by domestic and foreign research institutions and energy companies. extensive attention and research.
反应堆液态金属冷却回路与超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环发电***之间进行能源传递的关键设备为中间换热器，其性能直接影响反应堆发电***的效率和安全性。由于液态金属高温时腐蚀性强，在低温时又容易析出腐蚀产物，进而容易造成换热通道的堵塞。The key equipment for energy transfer between the reactor liquid metal cooling circuit and the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is the intermediate heat exchanger, whose performance directly affects the efficiency and safety of the reactor power generation system. Since liquid metal is highly corrosive at high temperatures, corrosion products easily precipitate at low temperatures, which can easily cause blockage of heat exchange channels.
目前，铅铋-超临界二氧化碳中间换热器的设计方法还不成熟，传统的管壳式铅/超临界二氧化碳中间换热器存在换热效率低下、空间尺寸规模较大等缺点。At present, the design method of lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide intermediate heat exchanger is not yet mature. The traditional shell-and-tube lead/supercritical carbon dioxide intermediate heat exchanger has shortcomings such as low heat exchange efficiency and large spatial size.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本公开提供一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***及方法，减少换热***空间尺寸规模，提升换热效率，实现***的高效、模块化和紧凑特性。In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present disclosure provides a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system and method, which reduces the space size of the heat exchange system, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and realizes the high efficiency, modularity and compactness of the system. .
为实现上述目的，本公开提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions:
一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，包括反应堆壳体以及设置在反应堆壳体的外壳和内壳之间的多块印刷电路板换热器；A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system, including a reactor shell and a plurality of printed circuit board heat exchangers arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell of the reactor shell;
其中，所述印刷电路板换热器为扇形，所述印刷电路板换热器包括多个交替堆叠扩散焊接的液态金属传热板片和二回路工质传热板片、液态金属进口、
液态金属出口、二回路工质进口集箱以及二回路工质出口集箱；Wherein, the printed circuit board heat exchanger is fan-shaped, and the printed circuit board heat exchanger includes a plurality of alternately stacked diffusion welded liquid metal heat transfer plates and secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plates, a liquid metal inlet, Liquid metal outlet, secondary circuit working fluid inlet header and secondary circuit working fluid outlet header;
所述液态金属进口设置在所述印刷电路板换热器的顶部一侧，所述液态金属出口设置在所述印刷电路板换热器的底部一侧，所述二回路工质进口集箱和二回路工质出口集箱均设置在所述印刷电路板换热器的顶部。The liquid metal inlet is arranged on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger, the liquid metal outlet is arranged on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger, the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header and The secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers are arranged on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger.
优选地，所述反应堆壳体为圆环形筒体。Preferably, the reactor shell is an annular cylinder.
优选地，所述二回路工质进口集箱和二回路工质出口集箱均为圆弧形，所述二回路工质进口集箱上设有一个或多个二回路工质进口通孔，所述二回路工质出口集箱上设有一个或多个二回路工质出口通孔。Preferably, the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header are arc-shaped, and the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header is provided with one or more secondary circuit working fluid inlet through holes, The secondary circuit working fluid outlet header is provided with one or more secondary circuit working fluid outlet through holes.
优选地，所述二回路工质进口集箱设置有多个，多个二回路工质进口集箱沿反应堆壳体外壳周向依次拼接，所述二回路工质出口集箱设置有多个，多个二回路工质出口集箱沿反应堆壳体内壳周向依次拼接。Preferably, the secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers are provided with multiple secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers, and the multiple secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers are spliced in sequence along the circumferential direction of the reactor shell, and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers are provided with multiple, Multiple secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers are spliced in sequence along the circumferential direction of the inner shell of the reactor casing.
优选地，所述液态金属传热板片和二回路工质传热板片上均刻蚀有换热流道。Preferably, heat exchange flow channels are etched on both the liquid metal heat transfer plate and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate.
优选地，所述液态金属传热板片的换热流道直径不小于2mm。Preferably, the diameter of the heat exchange flow channel of the liquid metal heat transfer plate is not less than 2 mm.
优选地，所述液态金属传热板片和二回路工质传热板片上的换热流道为半圆形。Preferably, the heat exchange flow channels on the liquid metal heat transfer plate and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate are semicircular.
一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热方法，包括如下步骤：A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange method includes the following steps:
液态金属由印刷电路板换热器顶部一侧的液态金属进口进入印刷电路板换热器；The liquid metal enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger through the liquid metal inlet on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger;
二回路工质经印刷电路板换热器顶部的二回路工质进口集箱上开设的二回路工质进口进入印刷电路板换热器；The secondary circuit working fluid enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger through the secondary circuit working fluid inlet opened on the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger;
液态金属在印刷电路板换热器内将热量传递给二回路工质，后从印刷电路板换热器底部一侧的液态金属出口向下流出，二回路工质吸热后从印刷电路板换热器顶部的二回路工质出口集箱上开设的二回路工质出口流出，换热完成。The liquid metal transfers heat to the secondary circuit working fluid in the printed circuit board heat exchanger, and then flows downward from the liquid metal outlet on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger. The secondary circuit working fluid absorbs heat and is exchanged from the printed circuit board. The secondary circuit working medium outlet opened on the secondary circuit working medium outlet header on the top of the heater flows out, and the heat exchange is completed.
优选地，所述印刷电路板换热器的制作步骤如下：Preferably, the manufacturing steps of the printed circuit board heat exchanger are as follows:
采用蚀刻方法加工出液态金属传热板片和二回路工质传热板片；
Use etching method to process liquid metal heat transfer plates and secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plates;
采用扩散焊接方法制作常规印刷电路板换热器；Use diffusion welding method to make conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger;
对常规印刷电路板换热器进行切削加工，除去多余部分材料，使印刷电路板换热器与反应堆壳体的内壳和外壳相贴合，获得扇形的印刷电路板换热器。The conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger is cut and processed to remove excess material so that the printed circuit board heat exchanger fits the inner shell and outer shell of the reactor shell to obtain a sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger.
与现有技术相比，本公开具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
本公开提供一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，通过将制作出来的常规印刷电路板换热器芯体进行再加工，配以切削加工技术制造出小角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器，最后根据需求将多块小角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器依次相连，组成大角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器或者是圆环型的印刷电路板换热器。本公开所述的扇形印刷电路板换热器可与反应堆壳体的内、外壳体完美匹配，同时配合印刷电路板换热器自身的良好传热性能，使得铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***的尺寸显著降低，提升空间利用率，实现换热***的高效、模块化和紧凑特性。同时本公开中液态金属进口和出口分别设置在所述印刷电路板换热器的顶部以及底部一侧，与之换热的二回路工质，其进口和出口均设置在所述印刷电路板换热器的顶部，液态金属在反应堆壳体的内壳中间的空间自下向上经过核反应堆会转变成高温的液态金属，由于反应堆内的液态金属温度上高下低，能够形成换热工质的自然循环，从而提高了反应堆的安全性，避免换热通道的堵塞，提高换热器换热效率，保证能源的持续稳定传递，保障反应堆发电***的正常工作和安全性能。The present disclosure provides a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system. By reprocessing the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger core and using cutting processing technology to produce a small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger. , and finally, according to the needs, multiple small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchangers are connected in sequence to form a large-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger or a circular printed circuit board heat exchanger. The sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger described in the present disclosure can be perfectly matched with the inner and outer shells of the reactor shell, and at the same time, combined with the good heat transfer performance of the printed circuit board heat exchanger itself, the lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system The size is significantly reduced, improving space utilization and achieving high efficiency, modularity and compactness of the heat exchange system. At the same time, in the present disclosure, the liquid metal inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on the top and bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger, and the secondary circuit working medium that exchanges heat with it has its inlet and outlet arranged on the printed circuit board heat exchanger. At the top of the heater, the liquid metal passes through the nuclear reactor from bottom to top in the space between the inner shell of the reactor shell and will transform into high-temperature liquid metal. Since the temperature of the liquid metal in the reactor goes up and down, it can form a natural flow of heat exchange working fluid. circulation, thereby improving the safety of the reactor, avoiding blockage of the heat exchange channel, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, ensuring the continuous and stable transfer of energy, and ensuring the normal operation and safety performance of the reactor power generation system.
进一步地，本公开中通过对常规的印刷电路板换热器进行二次加工，采用切削加工技术，除去多余部分材料，使印刷电路板换热器与反应堆壳体的内壳和外壳相贴合，获得小角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器；将多个小角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器相连，组成大角度的扇形或者圆环型的印刷电路板换热器，从而获得和反应堆壳体配合度更高的印刷电路板换热器，能够减少换热器空间体积，从而大大减少换热***整体设备的尺寸。Further, in this disclosure, the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger is subjected to secondary processing, using cutting processing technology to remove excess material, so that the printed circuit board heat exchanger is fit with the inner shell and outer shell of the reactor shell. , obtain a small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger; connect multiple small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchangers to form a large-angle sector-shaped or annular printed circuit board heat exchanger, thereby obtaining a heat exchanger with the reactor shell A printed circuit board heat exchanger with a higher degree of physical fit can reduce the space volume of the heat exchanger, thereby greatly reducing the size of the overall equipment of the heat exchange system.
图1为本公开铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***的示意图；
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system of the present disclosure;
图2为本公开换热***的俯视图；Figure 2 is a top view of the heat exchange system of the present disclosure;
图3为本公开图1中A-A面的剖视图；Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of plane A-A in Figure 1 of the present disclosure;
图4为本公开印刷电路板换热器的加工工艺示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the processing technology of the printed circuit board heat exchanger of the present disclosure;
图5(a)为本公开二回路工质换热板片的流道图；Figure 5(a) is a flow channel diagram of the secondary circuit working medium heat exchange plate of the present disclosure;
图5(b)为本公开液态金属换热板片的流道图。Figure 5(b) is a flow channel diagram of the liquid metal heat exchange plate of the present disclosure.
图中，1、二回路工质进口通孔；2、二回路工质出口通孔；3、二回路工质进口集箱；4、二回路工质出口集箱；5、液态金属进口；6、二回路工质传热板片；7、液态金属传热板片；8、液态金属出口；9、外壳；10、内壳；11、反应堆；12、多余部分材料；13、印刷电路板换热器。In the figure, 1. Secondary circuit working fluid inlet through hole; 2. Secondary circuit working fluid outlet through hole; 3. Secondary circuit working fluid inlet header; 4. Secondary circuit working fluid outlet header; 5. Liquid metal inlet; 6 , Secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plate; 7. Liquid metal heat transfer plate; 8. Liquid metal outlet; 9. Outer shell; 10. Inner shell; 11. Reactor; 12. Excess materials; 13. Printed circuit board replacement Heater.
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本公开方案，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本公开保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present disclosure, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present disclosure embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only These are part of the embodiments of this disclosure, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
需要说明的是，本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本公开的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、***、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present disclosure and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the disclosure described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, e.g., a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that encompasses a series of steps or units and need not be limited to those explicitly listed. Those steps or elements may instead include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.
下面结合附图对本公开做进一步详细描述：The present disclosure will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
如图1所示，本公开一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，包括反应堆壳体以及设置在反应堆壳体外壳9和内壳10之间的多块印刷电路板换热器13；
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention discloses a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system, which includes a reactor shell and multiple printed circuit board heat exchangers 13 arranged between the reactor shell outer shell 9 and the inner shell 10;
其中，所述印刷电路板换热器13为扇形，所述印刷电路板换热器13包括多个交替堆叠扩散焊接的液态金属传热板片7和二回路工质传热板片6、液态金属进口5、液态金属出口8、二回路工质进口集箱3以及二回路工质出口集箱4；Wherein, the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 is fan-shaped, and the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 includes a plurality of alternately stacked diffusion welded liquid metal heat transfer plates 7 and secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plates 6, liquid Metal inlet 5, liquid metal outlet 8, secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 and secondary circuit working fluid outlet header 4;
所述液态金属进口5设置在所述印刷电路板换热器13的顶部一侧，所述液态金属出口8设置在所述印刷电路板换热器13的底部一侧，所述二回路工质进口集箱3和二回路工质出口集箱4均设置在所述印刷电路板换热器13的顶部。The liquid metal inlet 5 is provided on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13, the liquid metal outlet 8 is provided on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13, and the secondary circuit working fluid The inlet header 3 and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header 4 are both arranged on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 .
本公开提供一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，如图3和4所示，通过将制作出来的常规印刷电路板换热器芯体进行再加工，配以切削加工技术制造出小角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器13，最后根据需求将多块小角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器13依次相连，组成大角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器或者是圆环型的印刷电路板换热器。本公开所述的扇形印刷电路板换热器13可与反应堆壳体的内外壳9体完美匹配，同时配合印刷电路板换热器13自身的良好传热性能，使得铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***的尺寸显著降低，提升空间利用率，实现换热***的高效、模块化和紧凑特性。同时本公开中液态金属进口5和出口分别设置在所述印刷电路板换热器13的顶部以及底部一侧，与之换热的二回路工质，其进口和出口均设置在所述印刷电路板换热器13的顶部，液态金属在反应堆壳体的内壳10中间的空间自下向上经过核反应堆11会转变成高温的液态金属，由于反应堆11内的液态金属温度上高下低，能够形成换热工质的自然循环，从而提高了反应堆11的安全性，避免换热通道的堵塞，提高换热器换热效率，保证能源的持续稳定传递，保障反应堆发电***的正常工作和安全性能。The present disclosure provides a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, by reprocessing the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger core and using cutting processing technology to create a small-angle heat exchanger. The fan-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 is finally connected in sequence according to the demand to form a large-angle fan-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger or a circular printed circuit board. Heat Exchanger. The sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 described in the present disclosure can be perfectly matched with the inner and outer shell 9 of the reactor shell, and at the same time, combined with the good heat transfer performance of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 itself, the lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide exchange The size of the thermal system is significantly reduced, improving space utilization and achieving high efficiency, modularity and compactness of the heat exchange system. At the same time, in the present disclosure, the liquid metal inlet 5 and the outlet are respectively arranged on the top and bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13, and the secondary circuit working medium that exchanges heat with it has its inlet and outlet both arranged on the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13. On the top of the plate heat exchanger 13, the liquid metal passes through the nuclear reactor 11 from bottom to top in the space between the inner shell 10 of the reactor shell and is converted into high-temperature liquid metal. Since the temperature of the liquid metal in the reactor 11 is high and low, it can form The natural circulation of the heat exchange working fluid improves the safety of the reactor 11, avoids blockage of the heat exchange channel, improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, ensures the continuous and stable transfer of energy, and ensures the normal operation and safety performance of the reactor power generation system.
其中，所述反应堆壳体为圆环形筒体，圆环的内部置有核反应堆11，反应堆11内的液态金属经过核反应产生的高温进行加热后由下至上由上部的液态金属进口5进入印刷电路板换热器13实现换热。Among them, the reactor shell is a circular cylinder, and a nuclear reactor 11 is placed inside the circular ring. The liquid metal in the reactor 11 is heated by the high temperature generated by the nuclear reaction and then enters the printed circuit from bottom to top through the upper liquid metal inlet 5 The plate heat exchanger 13 realizes heat exchange.
进一步地，如图2所示，所述二回路工质进口集箱3和二回路工质出口集箱4均为圆弧形，所述二回路工质进口集箱3上设有一个或多个二回路工质进
口通孔1，所述二回路工质出口集箱4上设有一个或多个二回路工质出口通孔2，具体可根据换热需求设置通孔数量和通入的二回路工质流量。Further, as shown in Figure 2, the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header 4 are arc-shaped, and the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 is provided with one or more Secondary circuit working fluid input The secondary circuit working medium outlet header 4 is provided with one or more secondary circuit working medium outlet through holes 2. The number of through holes and the incoming secondary circuit working medium flow rate can be set according to the heat exchange requirements. .
优选地，所述二回路工质进口通孔1和二回路工质出口通孔2为圆形，但不限于此。Preferably, the secondary circuit working fluid inlet through hole 1 and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet through hole 2 are circular, but are not limited thereto.
进一步地，所述二回路工质进口集箱3设置有多个，多个二回路工质进口集箱3沿反应堆壳体外壳9周向依次拼接，所述二回路工质出口集箱4设置有多个，多个二回路工质出口集箱4沿反应堆壳体内壳10周向依次拼接。Further, the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 is provided with multiple secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers 3, and the plurality of secondary circuit working fluid inlet headers 3 are sequentially spliced along the circumferential direction of the reactor shell 9, and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header 4 is provided. There are multiple secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers 4 that are sequentially spliced along the circumferential direction of the reactor housing inner shell 10 .
优选地，所述印刷电路板换热器13的进口端设有均流分布器，出口端设有集流器，均流分布器设置在液态金属进口5和二回路工质进口集箱3处，集流器设置在液态金属出口8。Preferably, the inlet end of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 is provided with a flow distributor, and the outlet end is provided with a current collector. The flow distributor is provided at the liquid metal inlet 5 and the secondary circuit working medium inlet header 3 , the current collector is set at the liquid metal outlet 8.
其中，如图5a和5b所示，所述液态金属传热板片7和二回路工质传热板片6上均刻蚀有换热流道。Among them, as shown in Figures 5a and 5b, heat exchange flow channels are etched on the liquid metal heat transfer plate 7 and the secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plate 6.
优选地，所述液态金属传热板片7的换热流道直径不小于2mm，不容易造成液态金属低温时析出的腐蚀产物堵塞换热通道。Preferably, the diameter of the heat exchange flow channel of the liquid metal heat transfer plate 7 is not less than 2 mm, so that corrosion products precipitated when the liquid metal is at low temperature will not easily block the heat exchange channel.
优选地，所述液态金属传热板片7和二回路工质传热板片6上的换热流道为半圆形。Preferably, the heat exchange flow channels on the liquid metal heat transfer plate 7 and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate 6 are semicircular.
本公开还提供一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热方法，采用本公开所述的换热***进行换热时，其工作过程如下：The disclosure also provides a lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange method. When the heat exchange system described in the disclosure is used for heat exchange, the working process is as follows:
核反应堆11内的液态金属在内壳10中间的空间自下向上经过核反应堆11的反应高温热加热后温度升高，密度减小，转变成高温的液态金属；The liquid metal in the nuclear reactor 11 is heated from bottom to top by the high-temperature heat of the reaction in the nuclear reactor 11 in the space in the middle of the inner shell 10, and then its temperature increases, its density decreases, and it transforms into high-temperature liquid metal;
高温的液态金属在浮力的作用下向上流动，或者在泵的抽吸作用下由印刷电路板换热器13顶部一侧的液态金属进口5进入印刷电路板换热器13；The high-temperature liquid metal flows upward under the action of buoyancy, or enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 from the liquid metal inlet 5 on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 under the suction action of the pump;
二回路工质经印刷电路板换热器13顶部的二回路工质进口集箱3上开设的二回路工质进口进入印刷电路板换热器13；The secondary circuit working fluid enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 through the secondary circuit working fluid inlet opened on the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header 3 on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13;
高温的液态金属在印刷电路板换热器13内将热量传递给二回路工质，传递完成后从印刷电路板换热器13底部一侧的液态金属出口8向下流出，二回路工
质在印刷电路板换热器13中先向下流动，再向上流动，吸收液态金属释放的热量后从印刷电路板换热器13顶部的二回路工质出口集箱4上开设的二回路工质出口流出，换热完成。The high-temperature liquid metal transfers heat to the secondary circuit working fluid in the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13. After the transfer is completed, it flows downward from the liquid metal outlet 8 on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13. The secondary circuit working medium The fluid first flows downward and then upward in the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13. After absorbing the heat released by the liquid metal, it flows from the secondary circuit working medium outlet header 4 on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13. The mass flows out from the outlet and the heat exchange is completed.
进一步地，本公开中通过对常规的印刷电路板换热器进行二次加工，获得和反应堆壳体配合度更高的印刷电路板换热器13，能够减少换热器空间体积，从而大大减少换热***整体设备的尺寸，如图4a、4b和4c所示，其制作步骤如下：Furthermore, in this disclosure, the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger is subjected to secondary processing to obtain a printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 with a higher degree of fit with the reactor shell, which can reduce the space volume of the heat exchanger, thereby greatly reducing The dimensions of the overall equipment of the heat exchange system are shown in Figures 4a, 4b and 4c, and the manufacturing steps are as follows:
采用蚀刻等方法先加工出液态金属传热板片7和二回路工质传热板片6；Use etching and other methods to first process the liquid metal heat transfer plate 7 and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate 6;
依次交替堆叠液态金属传热板片7和二回路工质传热板片6将其扩散焊接在一起，制作获得常规印刷电路板换热器；Alternately stack the liquid metal heat transfer plates 7 and the secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plates 6 and diffuse them together to produce a conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger;
对常规印刷电路板换热器采用切削加工技术，除去多余部分材料12，使印刷电路板换热器13与反应堆壳体的内壳10和外壳9相贴合，获得小角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器13；Cutting processing technology is used for the conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger to remove excess material 12 so that the printed circuit board heat exchanger 13 fits the inner shell 10 and outer shell 9 of the reactor shell to obtain a small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board. Heat exchanger 13;
将多个小角度的扇形印刷电路板换热器13相连，组成大角度的扇形或者圆环型的印刷电路板换热器；Connect multiple small-angle sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchangers 13 to form a large-angle sector-shaped or annular printed circuit board heat exchanger;
最后，将制造完成的印刷电路板换热器安装到核反应堆11的内、外壳9体之间，换热准备完成。Finally, the manufactured printed circuit board heat exchanger is installed between the inner and outer shell 9 of the nuclear reactor 11, and the heat exchange preparation is completed.
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本公开的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本公开精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本公开的权利要求保护范围之内。
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure but not to limit it. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present disclosure can still be modified. Modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the specific implementations, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure shall be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
- 一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，其特征在于，包括反应堆壳体以及设置在反应堆壳体的外壳(9)和内壳(10)之间的多块印刷电路板换热器(13)；A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system, which is characterized by including a reactor shell and a plurality of printed circuit board heat exchangers (13) arranged between the outer shell (9) and the inner shell (10) of the reactor shell. );其中，所述印刷电路板换热器(13)为扇形，所述印刷电路板换热器(13)包括多个交替堆叠扩散焊接的液态金属传热板片(7)和二回路工质传热板片(6)、液态金属进口(5)、液态金属出口(8)、二回路工质进口集箱(3)以及二回路工质出口集箱(4)；Wherein, the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13) is fan-shaped, and the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13) includes a plurality of alternately stacked diffusion welded liquid metal heat transfer plates (7) and a secondary circuit working fluid transfer plate. Hot plate (6), liquid metal inlet (5), liquid metal outlet (8), secondary circuit working fluid inlet header (3) and secondary circuit working fluid outlet header (4);所述液态金属进口(5)设置在所述印刷电路板换热器(13)的顶部一侧，所述液态金属出口(8)设置在所述印刷电路板换热器(13)的底部一侧，所述二回路工质进口集箱(3)和二回路工质出口集箱(4)均设置在所述印刷电路板换热器(13)的顶部。The liquid metal inlet (5) is arranged on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13), and the liquid metal outlet (8) is arranged on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13). On the other side, the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header (3) and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header (4) are both arranged on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13).
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，其特征在于，所述反应堆壳体为圆环形筒体。A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor shell is an annular cylinder.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，其特征在于，所述二回路工质进口集箱(3)和二回路工质出口集箱(4)均为圆弧形，所述二回路工质进口集箱(3)上设有一个或多个二回路工质进口通孔(1)，所述二回路工质出口集箱(4)上设有一个或多个二回路工质出口通孔(2)。A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary circuit working medium inlet header (3) and the secondary circuit working medium outlet header (4) are arcs Shape, the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header (3) is provided with one or more secondary circuit working fluid inlet through holes (1), and the secondary circuit working fluid outlet header (4) is provided with one or more Two secondary circuit working medium outlet through holes (2).
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，其特征在于，所述二回路工质进口集箱(3)设置有多个，多个二回路工质进口集箱(3)沿反应堆壳体外壳(9)周向依次拼接，所述二回路工质出口集箱(4)设置有多个，多个二回路工质出口集箱(4)沿反应堆壳体内壳(10)周向依次拼接。A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system according to claim 3, characterized in that the secondary circuit working medium inlet header (3) is provided with a plurality of secondary circuit working medium inlet headers ( 3) They are spliced in sequence along the circumferential direction of the reactor shell (9). The secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers (4) are provided with multiple secondary circuit working fluid outlet headers (4) along the inner shell of the reactor housing (4). 10) Splicing in sequence in circumferential direction.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，其特征在于，所述液态金属传热板片(7)和二回路工质传热板片(6)上均刻蚀有换热流道。A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid metal heat transfer plate (7) and the secondary circuit working medium heat transfer plate (6) are etched There are heat exchange channels.
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，其特征在于，所述液态金属传热板片(7)的换热流道直径不小于2mm。A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system according to claim 5, characterized in that the diameter of the heat exchange flow channel of the liquid metal heat transfer plate (7) is not less than 2 mm.
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热***，其特征在 于，所述液态金属传热板片(7)和二回路工质传热板片(6)上的换热流道为半圆形。A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system according to claim 5, characterized in that Therefore, the heat exchange flow channels on the liquid metal heat transfer plate (7) and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate (6) are semicircular.
- 一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热方法，其特征在于，基于权利要求1-7任一项的换热***，包括如下步骤：A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange method, characterized in that, based on the heat exchange system of any one of claims 1-7, it includes the following steps:液态金属由印刷电路板换热器(13)顶部一侧的液态金属进口(5)进入印刷电路板换热器(13)；The liquid metal enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13) from the liquid metal inlet (5) on the top side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13);二回路工质经印刷电路板换热器(13)顶部的二回路工质进口集箱(3)上开设的二回路工质进口进入印刷电路板换热器(13)；The secondary circuit working fluid enters the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13) through the secondary circuit working fluid inlet opened on the secondary circuit working fluid inlet header (3) on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13);液态金属在印刷电路板换热器(13)内将热量传递给二回路工质，后从印刷电路板换热器(13)底部一侧的液态金属出口(8)向下流出，二回路工质吸热后从印刷电路板换热器(13)顶部的二回路工质出口集箱(4)上开设的二回路工质出口流出，换热完成。The liquid metal transfers heat to the secondary circuit working fluid in the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13), and then flows downward from the liquid metal outlet (8) on the bottom side of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13). After the fluid absorbs heat, it flows out from the secondary loop working fluid outlet opened on the secondary loop working fluid outlet header (4) on the top of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13), and the heat exchange is completed.
- 根据权利要求8所述的一种铅铋-超临界二氧化碳换热方法，其特征在于，所述印刷电路板换热器(13)的制作步骤如下：A lead-bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange method according to claim 8, characterized in that the manufacturing steps of the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13) are as follows:采用蚀刻方法加工出液态金属传热板片(7)和二回路工质传热板片(6)；Use the etching method to process the liquid metal heat transfer plate (7) and the secondary circuit working fluid heat transfer plate (6);采用扩散焊接方法制作常规印刷电路板换热器；Use diffusion welding method to make conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger;对常规印刷电路板换热器进行切削加工，除去多余部分材料(12)，使印刷电路板换热器(13)与反应堆壳体的内壳(10)和外壳(9)相贴合，获得扇形的印刷电路板换热器(13)。 The conventional printed circuit board heat exchanger is machined to remove the excess material (12), so that the printed circuit board heat exchanger (13) fits the inner shell (10) and outer shell (9) of the reactor shell to obtain Sector-shaped printed circuit board heat exchanger (13).
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| CN202210493600.0A CN114898901A (en) | 2022-05-07 | 2022-05-07 | Lead bismuth-supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchange system and method |
| CN202210493600.0 | 2022-05-07 |
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