WO2023207153A1 - 一种语音呼叫方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种语音呼叫方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207153A1
WO2023207153A1 PCT/CN2022/140478 CN2022140478W WO2023207153A1 WO 2023207153 A1 WO2023207153 A1 WO 2023207153A1 CN 2022140478 W CN2022140478 W CN 2022140478W WO 2023207153 A1 WO2023207153 A1 WO 2023207153A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal device
network
timer
call
eps fallback
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PCT/CN2022/140478
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈拴锋
罗飞
曾伟
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荣耀终端有限公司
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Publication of WO2023207153A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207153A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a voice calling method and device.
  • EPS Fallback is a solution for falling back from the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system network to the fourth generation (4th generation, 4G) mobile communication system network.
  • EPS Fallback voice services carry voice services through the 4G network data domain. That is, when the terminal device working on the 5G SA network initiates a voice call or has an incoming voice call, the network switches the 5G terminal to the 4G network through the handover process, and the voice over long term evolution (VoLTE) of the 4G network is used. ) technology provides voice services.
  • VoIP voice over long term evolution
  • the EPS Fallback process can include RRC establishment, 4G cell camping after redirection, tracking area update (TAU)/attachment (ATTACH) process, voice bearer activation under 4G, session initialization protocol (session initiation protocol, SIP) interaction Wait for the sub-process, any abnormality in any sub-process will cause the call establishment to fail. After the call establishment fails, the called terminal device can return to the 5G network from the 4G network based on the Fast Return mechanism.
  • TAU tracking area update
  • ATTACH attachment
  • SIP session initialization protocol
  • the calling terminal device When call establishment fails, the calling terminal device usually performs automatic redialing (redial), or the user can manually redial to reinitiate the call. Since the called terminal equipment has returned to 5G through the Fast Return mechanism at this time, the called terminal equipment needs to perform the EPS Fallback process again. The called terminal equipment may have continuous EPS Fallback called failure problems, which affects the user experience.
  • redial automatic redialing
  • this application provides a voice calling method and device, which can solve the problem of continuous EPS Fallback called failure and improve user experience.
  • this application provides a voice call method, which is applied to a communication system including a first terminal device and a second terminal device.
  • the second terminal device resides in a fifth-generation mobile communication system independent networking 5G SA network;
  • One terminal device initiates a call to the second terminal device;
  • the second terminal device initiates the Evolved Packet System Fallback voice bearer EPS Fallback to establish a voice call with the first terminal device; after the second terminal device falls back to the Long Term Evolution LTE network, it is determined that the EPS Fallback fails;
  • the second terminal device starts the first timer, and during the period of starting the first timer, the second terminal device resides on the LTE network.
  • the second terminal device when it is determined that the EPS Fallback call establishment fails, the second terminal device (called terminal device) can start the first timer (Slow Return timer). Before the Slow Return timer expires, the called terminal device will not return to the 5G network through reselection or handover. That is, the called terminal device can be allowed to stay on 4G LTE for a longer period of time. In this way, when the calling terminal device (first terminal device) redials, the called terminal device can directly establish a call with the calling terminal device on 4G LTE, increasing the possibility of successful call establishment. Since the called terminal device has already resided on 4G LTE, there is no need to initiate EPS Fallback again to establish a call with the calling terminal device. This solves the problem of continuous EPS Fallback called failures encountered by users and improves user experience.
  • the first timer Small Return timer
  • the method further includes: before the first timer times out, the second terminal device establishes a VOLTE voice call with the first terminal device. Before the first timer times out, the called terminal device remains in 4G LTE. In this way, when the calling terminal device (first terminal device) redials, the called terminal device can directly establish a VOLTE voice call with the first terminal device on 4G LTE, increasing the possibility of successful call establishment.
  • the second terminal device after the VOLTE voice call established between the second terminal device and the first terminal device ends, the second terminal device re-camps on the 5G SA network.
  • the second terminal device returns to a higher standard network (5G SA network) to stay on the network, and can get better and more comprehensive services.
  • starting the first timer by the second terminal device includes: if the second terminal device meets a preset condition, starting the first timer; wherein the preset condition includes: the second terminal device is not turned on.
  • the preset condition includes: the second terminal device is not turned on.
  • the second terminal device does not turn on the game mode, and/or the second terminal device is in a screen-off state. It is understandable that when the called terminal device meets the preset conditions, that is, when the preset application is not opened, the game mode or performance mode is not turned on, and/or the screen is off, the requirements for network quality and data transmission rate are low. , can reside on a lower standard network (for example, 4G network) to provide services to users.
  • 4G network for example, 4G network
  • the called terminal device turns on game mode or performance mode, or is in a bright screen state, it has higher requirements for data transmission rate and network quality.
  • a high-standard network for example, 5G network
  • the reasons for EPS Fallback failure include at least one of the following: the signal quality of the LTE cell corresponding to the designated frequency point of the network is lower than the preset threshold and the signal quality of the neighboring cells of the LTE cell is higher than the preset threshold, tracking The zone update TAU duration is longer than the preset duration, resulting in resource reservation failure, session initialization protocol SIP message transmission failure, and the second terminal device receiving error code 503 indicating that the call was abnormally released.
  • the second terminal device suppresses 5G SA, or restricts reselection and handover to 5G. In this way, the second terminal device can stay on the LTE network during the start of the first timer, so that when the calling terminal device (first terminal device) redials, the called terminal device can directly communicate with the first terminal in 4G LTE
  • the device establishes a VOLTE voice call, increasing the possibility of the call being successfully established.
  • the method further includes: if the second terminal device determines that EPS Fallback is successful, the second terminal device establishes a voice call with the first terminal device; after the call between the second terminal device and the first terminal device ends, the second terminal device The second terminal device re-resides in the 5G SA network.
  • the second terminal device returns to a higher standard network (5G SA network) to stay on the network, and can get better and more comprehensive services.
  • re-camping the second terminal device to the 5G SA network includes: the second terminal device starts a second timer, and before the second timer times out, receives the first wireless resource issued by the network device. Control the release of the RRC release message.
  • the first RRC release message carries the new wireless NR frequency point information.
  • the second terminal device searches the network based on the NR frequency point information and sets up the network to the 5G SA network; or before the second timer times out, the receiving network
  • the second RRC release message sent by the device does not carry NR frequency point information, and the second terminal device returns to the 5G SA network based on the historical resident NR frequency point information; or after the second timer times out, if If the first RRC release message or the second RRC release message is not received, the second terminal device returns to the 5G SA network based on the historical resident NR frequency point information.
  • this application provides a voice call method, which is applied to a communication system including a first terminal device and a second terminal device.
  • the second terminal device resides in a fifth-generation mobile communication system independent networking 5G SA network;
  • the second terminal device receives the call signaling corresponding to the call initiated by the first terminal device;
  • the second terminal device initiates the Evolved Packet System Fallback voice bearer EPS Fallback to establish a voice call with the first terminal device; after the second terminal device falls back to the Long Term Evolution LTE network, It is determined that the EPS Fallback fails; the second terminal device starts the first timer, and during the start of the first timer, the second terminal device resides on the LTE network.
  • the second terminal device when it is determined that the EPS Fallback call establishment fails, the second terminal device (called terminal device) can start the first timer (Slow Return timer). Before the Slow Return timer expires, the called terminal device will not return to the 5G network through reselection or handover. That is, the called terminal device can be allowed to stay on 4G LTE for a longer period of time. In this way, when the calling terminal device (first terminal device) redials, the called terminal device can directly establish a call with the calling terminal device on 4G LTE, increasing the possibility of successful call establishment. Since the called terminal device has already resided on 4G LTE, there is no need to initiate EPS Fallback again to establish a call with the calling terminal device. This solves the problem of continuous EPS Fallback called failures encountered by users and improves user experience.
  • the first timer Small Return timer
  • the method further includes: before the first timer times out, the second terminal device establishes a VOLTE voice call with the first terminal device.
  • the second terminal device after the VOLTE voice call established between the second terminal device and the first terminal device ends, the second terminal device re-camps on the 5G SA network.
  • starting the first timer by the second terminal device includes: if the second terminal device meets a preset condition, starting the first timer; wherein the preset condition includes: the second terminal device is not turned on. In the default application program, the second terminal device does not turn on the game mode, and/or the second terminal device is in a screen-off state.
  • the reasons for EPS Fallback failure include at least one of the following: the signal quality of the LTE cell corresponding to the designated frequency point of the network is lower than the preset threshold and the signal quality of the neighboring cells of the LTE cell is higher than the preset threshold, tracking The zone update TAU duration is longer than the preset duration, resulting in resource reservation failure, session initialization protocol SIP message transmission failure, and the second terminal device receiving error code 503 indicating that the call was abnormally released.
  • the second terminal device suppresses 5G SA, or restricts reselection and handover to 5G.
  • the method further includes: if the second terminal device determines that EPS Fallback is successful, the second terminal device establishes a voice call with the first terminal device; after the call between the second terminal device and the first terminal device ends, the second terminal device The second terminal device re-resides in the 5G SA network.
  • re-camping the second terminal device to the 5G SA network includes: the second terminal device starts a second timer, and before the second timer times out, receives the first wireless resource issued by the network device. Control the release of the RRC release message.
  • the first RRC release message carries the new wireless NR frequency point information.
  • the second terminal device searches the network based on the NR frequency point information and sets up the network to the 5G SA network; or before the second timer times out, the receiving network
  • the second RRC release message sent by the device does not carry the NR frequency point information.
  • the second terminal device returns to the 5G SA network based on the historical resident NR frequency point information; or after the second timer times out, if If the first RRC release message or the second RRC release message is not received, the second terminal device returns to the 5G SA network based on the historical resident NR frequency point information.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, which when the computer program product is run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method described in any of the above aspects and any possible design manner thereof.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium that includes computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions When the computer instructions are run on the second terminal device (such as a mobile phone), the second terminal device is caused to execute the method described in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a processing device, which includes a processor.
  • the processor is coupled to a memory.
  • the memory stores program instructions.
  • the device implements the second step described above. Aspects and methods described in any possible design method.
  • the device may be a second terminal device; or may be a component of the second terminal device, such as a chip.
  • the present application provides a chip system, which includes one or more interface circuits and one or more processors.
  • the interface circuit and the processor are interconnected through lines.
  • the above chip system can be applied to a second terminal device including a communication module and a memory.
  • the interface circuit is configured to receive signals from the memory of the first terminal device and send the received signals to the processor, the signals including computer instructions stored in the memory.
  • the processor executes the computer instructions
  • the second terminal device can execute the method described in the second aspect and any possible design manner thereof.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication system, including a first terminal device and a second terminal device.
  • the first terminal device and the second terminal device respectively perform part of the steps and cooperate with each other to implement the above-mentioned first aspect. and any possible design method.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is another schematic flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic display diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is another display schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is another schematic flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • At least one of the following or similar expressions thereof refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (items) or a plurality of items (items).
  • at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple .
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish identical or similar items with basically the same functions and effects.
  • words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as “exemplary” or “such as” in the embodiments of the present application is not to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “such as” is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner that is easier to understand.
  • EPS Fallback is a call solution (voice solution) that falls back from 5G to 4G.
  • the EPS Fallback process may include the following steps:
  • the terminal device When the terminal device initiates a calling or called call, the terminal device resident in the NR cell (i.e. 5G cell) interacts with the 5G network (network, NW) based on SIP signaling to trigger the establishment of the multimedia subsystem (IP multimedia subsystem, IMS). )Voice conversation process.
  • 5G cell the terminal device resident in the NR cell
  • NW network
  • IMS multimedia subsystem
  • S2 and 5G NW send a redirection message to the terminal device.
  • the redirection message is used to instruct the terminal device to fall back to the 4G NW.
  • the redirection message includes the network designated frequency point.
  • the terminal device selects the 4G cell in the 4G NW according to the designated frequency point of the network.
  • the terminal device executes the TAU program or the ATTACH process according to the network configuration to complete registration in the 4G cell, and the 4G network activates the voice bearer.
  • the called terminal equipment when the called terminal equipment falls back to the 4G network (i.e., long term evolution (LTE) network), if the call establishment fails, the called terminal equipment can quickly return to the 5G network from the 4G network based on the Fast Return mechanism. . This is because terminal equipment always tries to stay on a higher-standard network to obtain better and more comprehensive services.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the fast return (FR) timer can be started to switch back to the 5G network from the 4G network based on the following three methods.
  • the terminal device Before the FR timer times out, if the network sends an RRC Release message (RRC connection release), and the RRC Release message carries NR frequency point information, the terminal device will search the network based on the NR frequency point information to return to the NR network (that is, re-station). Net to NR).
  • RRC Release message RRC connection release
  • the RRC Release message carries NR frequency point information
  • the terminal device will search the network based on the NR frequency point information to return to the NR network (that is, re-station). Net to NR).
  • the terminal device Before the FR timer times out, if the network issues an RRC Release message and the RRC Release message does not carry frequency information, the terminal device can return to the NR network based on the historical resident NR frequency information.
  • the terminal device After the FR timer times out (after), if the terminal device does not receive the RRC Release message, the terminal device releases the local RRC connection (the terminal actively releases the RRC connection) and returns to the NR network based on the historical resident NR frequency point information. .
  • the calling terminal device when the call establishment fails, the calling terminal device usually automatically redials, or the user can manually redial to reinitiate the call process. Since the called terminal equipment has returned to 5G through the Fast Return mechanism (the FR timer usually does not exceed 5s), the called terminal equipment needs to perform the EPS Fallback process again, and the called terminal equipment may experience continuous EPS Fallback called failures. question.
  • embodiments of this application provide a method.
  • the called terminal equipment falls back to 4G during the EPS Fallback process, if the called call establishment fails, the called terminal equipment can be controlled to delay returning to the 5G network.
  • the calling terminal device redials, the called terminal device can directly establish a call on VOLTE, which greatly increases the possibility of successful call establishment (compared to EPS Fallback, VOLTE does not include falling back from 5G to 4G and re-establishing the call on 4G).
  • the registration and other processes take a short time, and the VOLTE network has been commercially available for a long time and is relatively stable). As a result, it solves the problem of continuous EPS Fallback call failures encountered by users without basically affecting the user's registration in the 5G SA network, and can improve the user experience.
  • the called terminal device executes the Fast Return mechanism and quickly returns to 5G.
  • the called terminal device needs to execute the EPS Fallback process again when the calling terminal device redials, and may encounter EPS continuously. Fallback execution failure problem.
  • This application considers from the perspective of ensuring the success of the call, allowing the called terminal equipment to stay on LTE for a longer period of time, so that when the calling terminal equipment redials, the called terminal equipment can directly establish a call on VOLTE, improving the efficiency of the call.
  • the called call pass rate As a result, it solves the problem of continuous EPS Fallback call failures encountered by users without basically affecting the user's registration in the 5G SA network, and can improve the user experience.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system to which the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • the communication system may include a terminal device 100, a 5G NW 200, a 4G NW 300 and an IMS 400.
  • the terminal device 100 may be a calling terminal device (or called a calling-side terminal device) or a called-side terminal device (or called a called-side terminal device).
  • the terminal device 100 may include a smartphone (such as a mobile phone equipped with an Android system or an iOS system), a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a handheld computer, a mobile Internet device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart phone, etc.) ring, etc.) or other devices that can access the Internet.
  • the terminal-side device may be a terminal sold independently, or may be a chip in the terminal.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is described by taking the device for realizing the functions of the terminal being a terminal-side device as an example.
  • the user information is stored in the terminal device 100 .
  • the user information may include an international mobile subscriber identification number (IMSI).
  • IMSI may be stored in a subscriber identity module (SIM) card of the terminal device 100.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • the terminal device 100 can use the user information as an identity identifier to initiate or receive calls through various voice solutions.
  • the deployment method of 5G NW 200 is standalone (SA).
  • the 5G NW 200 may include a 5G base station 201 and a 5G core network (5G core network, 5GC) 202.
  • the 5G base station 201 is connected to the 5G core network 202, and the 5G core network 202 is connected to the IMS 400.
  • the 5G base station 201 may be a next generation base station (next generation NodeB, gNB).
  • gNB can be connected to the terminal device 100 and communicate with the terminal device 100 using 5G NR access technology, that is, gNB and the terminal device 100 communicate through NR links.
  • the 5G core network 202 is used for switching, forwarding, connecting, and routing data.
  • Network elements in the 5G core network 202 are functional virtual units, which may include but are not limited to: units used for access and mobility management functions (AMF), units used for session management functions (session management function (SMF), network elements for unified data management (unified data management, UDM), etc.
  • AMF access and mobility management functions
  • SMF session management function
  • UDM unified data management
  • IMS 400 may mainly include call session control function entity (call session control function, CSCF) and home subscriber server (home subscriber server, HSS).
  • CSCF call session control function
  • HSS home subscriber server
  • CSCF call session control function entity
  • HSS home subscriber server
  • the 4G NW 300 may include a 4G base station 301 and a 4G core network (evolved packet core, EPC) 302.
  • the 4G base station 301 is connected to the 4G core network 302, and the 4G core network 302 is connected to the IMS 400.
  • EPC evolved packet core
  • the 4G base station 301 may be an evolved base station (evolved Node B, eNB).
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • the 4G core network 302 mainly includes the following network elements: mobility management entity (MME), serving gateway (SGW), packet data network gateway (PGW), home subscriber server (home subscriber server, HSS) and application server (application server, AS), etc.
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SGW serving gateway
  • PGW packet data network gateway
  • HSS home subscriber server
  • AS application server
  • the main functions of MME include access control, mobility management, attachment and detachment, session management (such as bearer establishment, modification and release), etc.
  • SGW is mainly used for routing and forwarding of data packets.
  • the main functions of PGW include user-based packet filtering function, legal interception function, IP address allocation function, etc.
  • HSS is used to store user subscription information, user subscription data, and mobile user location information.
  • the units shown in Figure 2 do not constitute a specific limitation on the communication system.
  • the communication system may also include more or less units than shown in the figure, or combine some units, or split some units, or different
  • the unit layout is not limited by this application.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 100 may be a first electronic device.
  • the terminal device 100 may include a processor 410, an external memory interface 420, an internal memory 421, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 430, a charging management module 440, a power management module 441, and a battery 442 , Antenna 1, Antenna 2, mobile communication module 450, wireless communication module 460, audio module 470, speaker 470A, receiver 470B, microphone 470C, headphone interface 470D, sensor module 480, button 490, motor 491, indicator 492, camera 493 , display screen 494, and subscriber identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 495, etc.
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the sensor module 480 may include a pressure sensor 480A, a gyro sensor 480B, an air pressure sensor 480C, a magnetic sensor 480D, an acceleration sensor 480E, a distance sensor 480F, a proximity light sensor 480G, a fingerprint sensor 480H, a temperature sensor 480J, a touch sensor 480K, and an environment.
  • the processor 410 may include one or more processing units.
  • the processor 410 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and an image signal processor. (image signal processor, ISP), controller, memory, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processing unit (NPU) wait.
  • application processor application processor, AP
  • modem processor graphics processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • image signal processor image signal processor
  • ISP image signal processor
  • controller memory
  • video codec digital signal processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • NPU neural-network processing unit
  • different processing units can be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.
  • the controller may be the nerve center and command center of the terminal device 100 .
  • the controller can generate operation control signals based on the instruction operation code and timing signals to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.
  • the processor 410 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data.
  • the memory in processor 410 is cache memory. This memory may hold instructions or data that have been recently used or recycled by processor 410 . If the processor 410 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated access is avoided and the waiting time of the processor 410 is reduced, thus improving the efficiency of the system.
  • processor 410 may include one or more interfaces.
  • Interfaces may include integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and /or universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.
  • I2C integrated circuit
  • I2S integrated circuit built-in audio
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input/output
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB universal serial bus
  • the interface connection relationships between the modules illustrated in this embodiment are only schematic illustrations and do not constitute a structural limitation on the terminal device 100 .
  • the terminal device 100 may also adopt different interface connection methods in the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection methods.
  • the charge management module 440 is used to receive charging input from the charger.
  • the charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the charging management module 440 may receive charging input from the wired charger through the USB interface 430 .
  • the charging management module 440 may receive wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the terminal device 100 . While charging the battery 442, the charging management module 440 can also provide power to the electronic device through the power management module 441.
  • the power management module 441 is used to connect the battery 442, the charging management module 440 and the processor 410.
  • the power management module 441 receives input from the battery 442 and/or the charging management module 440, and supplies power to the processor 410, internal memory 421, external memory, display screen 494, camera 493, wireless communication module 460, etc.
  • the power management module 441 can also be used to monitor battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health status (leakage, impedance) and other parameters.
  • the power management module 441 may also be provided in the processor 410.
  • the power management module 441 and the charging management module 440 can also be provided in the same device.
  • the wireless communication function of the terminal device 100 can be implemented through the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 450, the wireless communication module 460, the modem processor and the baseband processor.
  • Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • Each antenna in terminal device 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example: Antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless LAN. In other embodiments, antennas may be used in conjunction with tuning switches.
  • the mobile communication module 450 can provide wireless communication solutions including 2G/3G/4G/5G applied on the terminal device 100.
  • the mobile communication module 450 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), etc.
  • the mobile communication module 450 can receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, perform filtering, amplification and other processing on the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modem processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 450 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1 for radiation.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 450 may be disposed in the processor 410 .
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 450 and at least part of the modules of the processor 410 may be provided in the same device.
  • a modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used to modulate the low-frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium-high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal.
  • the demodulator then transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing.
  • the application processor outputs sound signals through audio devices (not limited to speaker 470A, receiver 470B, etc.), or displays images or videos through display screen 494.
  • the modem processor may be a stand-alone device.
  • the modem processor may be independent of the processor 410 and may be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 450 or other functional modules.
  • the wireless communication module 460 can provide applications on the terminal device 100 including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), and global navigation satellites.
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • System global navigation satellite system, GNSS
  • frequency modulation frequency modulation, FM
  • near field communication technology near field communication, NFC
  • infrared technology infrared, IR
  • the wireless communication module 460 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 460 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2 , frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 410 .
  • the wireless communication module 460 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 410, frequency modulate it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 2 for radiation.
  • the antenna 1 of the terminal device 100 is coupled to the mobile communication module 450, and the antenna 2 is coupled to the wireless communication module 460, so that the terminal device 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • Wireless communication technologies can include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), broadband code division Multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM , and/or IR technology, etc.
  • GNSS can include global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi-zenith) satellite system (QZSS) and/or satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS).
  • GPS global positioning system
  • GLONASS global navigation satellite system
  • BDS Beidou navigation satellite system
  • QZSS quasi-zenith satellite system
  • SBAS satellite based augmentation systems
  • the terminal device 100 implements display functions through a GPU, a display screen 494, an application processor, and the like.
  • the GPU is an image processing microprocessor and is connected to the display screen 494 and the application processor. GPUs are used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • Processor 410 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or alter display information.
  • Display 494 is used to display images, videos, etc.
  • Display 494 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can use a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active matrix organic light emitting diode or an active matrix organic light emitting diode (active-matrix organic light emitting diode).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • AMOLED organic light-emitting diode
  • FLED flexible light-emitting diode
  • Miniled MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), etc.
  • the terminal device 100 can implement the shooting function through the ISP, camera 493, video codec, GPU, display screen 494, application processor, etc.
  • the ISP is used to process the data fed back by the camera 493. For example, when taking a photo, the shutter is opened, the light is transmitted to the camera sensor through the lens, the light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the camera sensor passes the electrical signal to the ISP for processing, and converts it into an image visible to the naked eye. ISP can also perform algorithm optimization on image noise, brightness, and skin color. ISP can also optimize the exposure, color temperature and other parameters of the shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP may be located in the camera 493.
  • Camera 493 is used to capture still images or video.
  • the object passes through the lens to produce an optical image that is projected onto the photosensitive element.
  • the photosensitive element can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor.
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then passes the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal.
  • ISP outputs digital image signals to DSP for processing.
  • DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other format image signals.
  • the terminal device 100 may include 1 or N cameras 493, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • Digital signal processors are used to process digital signals. In addition to digital image signals, they can also process other digital signals. For example, when the terminal device 100 selects a frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the frequency point energy.
  • Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video.
  • the terminal device 100 may support one or more video codecs. In this way, the terminal device 100 can play or record videos in multiple encoding formats, such as moving picture experts group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.
  • MPEG moving picture experts group
  • MPEG2 MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.
  • NPU is a neural network (NN) computing processor.
  • NN neural network
  • the NPU can realize intelligent cognitive applications of the terminal device 100, such as image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, text understanding, etc.
  • the external memory interface 420 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the terminal device 100.
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor 410 through the external memory interface 420 to implement the data storage function. Such as saving music, videos, etc. files in external memory card.
  • an external memory card for example, Micro SD card
  • Micro SD cards can be used to store all pictures in the system album. Micro SD cards are usually open to users, and users can freely delete and access pictures in the system album.
  • Internal memory 421 may be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions.
  • the processor 410 executes instructions stored in the internal memory 421 to execute various functional applications and data processing of the terminal device 100 .
  • the processor 410 may display corresponding display content on the display screen 494 in response to the user's second operation or first operation on the display screen 494 by executing instructions stored in the internal memory 421 .
  • the internal memory 421 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the stored program area can store an operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.).
  • the storage data area may store data created during use of the terminal device 100 (such as audio data, phone book, etc.).
  • the internal memory 421 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), read-only memory (read-only memory) memory, ROM), etc.
  • the terminal device 100 can implement audio functions through the audio module 470, the speaker 470A, the receiver 470B, the microphone 470C, the headphone interface 470D, and the application processor. Such as music playback, recording, etc.
  • the audio module 470 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. Audio module 470 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 470 may be disposed in the processor 410, or some functional modules of the audio module 470 may be disposed in the processor 410. Speaker 470A, also known as "speaker”, is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The terminal device 100 can listen to music through the speaker 470A, or listen to a hands-free call. Receiver 470B, also called “earpiece”, is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • Microphone 470C also known as “microphone” and “microphone”, is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals.
  • the terminal device 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 470C.
  • the terminal device 100 may be provided with two microphones 470C, which in addition to collecting sound signals, may also implement a noise reduction function.
  • the terminal device 100 can also be equipped with three, four or more microphones 470C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, and implement directional recording functions, etc.
  • Headphone interface 470D is used to connect wired headphones.
  • the headphone interface 470D can be a USB interface 430, or a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, or a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.
  • OMTP open mobile terminal platform
  • CTIA cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA
  • the pressure sensor 480A is used to sense pressure signals and can convert the pressure signals into electrical signals.
  • pressure sensor 480A may be disposed on display screen 494.
  • pressure sensors 480A there are many types of pressure sensors 480A, such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, capacitive pressure sensors, etc.
  • a capacitive pressure sensor may include at least two parallel plates of conductive material. When a force is applied to pressure sensor 480A, the capacitance between the electrodes changes. The terminal device 100 determines the intensity of the pressure based on the change in capacitance. When a touch operation is performed on the display screen 494, the terminal device 100 detects the strength of the touch operation according to the pressure sensor 480A.
  • the terminal device 100 may also calculate the touched position based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor 480A.
  • touch operations acting on the same touch location but with different touch operation intensities may correspond to different operation instructions. For example: when a touch operation with a touch operation intensity less than the first pressure threshold is applied to the short message application icon, an instruction to view the short message is executed. When a touch operation with a touch operation intensity greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold is applied to the short message application icon, an instruction to create a new short message is executed.
  • the gyro sensor 480B may be used to determine the motion posture of the terminal device 100 .
  • the angular velocity of the terminal device 100 around three axes may be determined by the gyro sensor 480B.
  • the gyro sensor 480B can be used for image stabilization. For example, when the shutter is pressed, the gyro sensor 480B detects the angle at which the terminal device 100 shakes, calculates the distance that the lens module needs to compensate based on the angle, and allows the lens to offset the shake of the terminal device 100 through reverse movement to achieve anti-shake.
  • the gyro sensor 480B can also be used for navigation and somatosensory gaming scenarios.
  • Air pressure sensor 480C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, the terminal device 100 calculates the altitude through the air pressure value measured by the air pressure sensor 480C to assist positioning and navigation.
  • Magnetic sensor 480D includes a Hall sensor.
  • the terminal device 100 may use the magnetic sensor 480D to detect the opening and closing of the flip holster.
  • the terminal device 100 may detect the opening and closing of the flip according to the magnetic sensor 480D. Then, based on the detected opening and closing status of the leather case or the opening and closing status of the flip cover, features such as automatic unlocking of the flip cover are set.
  • the acceleration sensor 480E can detect the acceleration of the terminal device 100 in various directions (generally three axes). When the terminal device 100 is stationary, the magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected. It can also be used to identify the posture of electronic devices and be used in horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometer and other applications.
  • the terminal device 100 can measure distance through infrared or laser. In some embodiments, when shooting a scene, the terminal device 100 can use the distance sensor 480F to measure distance to achieve fast focusing.
  • Proximity light sensor 480G may include, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) and a light detector, such as a photodiode.
  • the light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode.
  • the terminal device 100 emits infrared light through a light emitting diode.
  • the terminal device 100 detects infrared reflected light from nearby objects using photodiodes. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the terminal device 100 . When insufficient reflected light is detected, the terminal device 100 may determine that there is no object near the terminal device 100 .
  • the terminal device 100 can use the proximity light sensor 480G to detect when the user holds the terminal device 100 close to the ear for talking, so as to automatically turn off the screen to save power.
  • the proximity light sensor 480G can also be used in holster mode, and pocket mode automatically unlocks and locks the screen.
  • the ambient light sensor 480L is used to sense ambient light brightness.
  • the terminal device 100 can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 494 according to the perceived ambient light brightness.
  • the ambient light sensor 480L can also be used to automatically adjust white balance when taking photos.
  • the ambient light sensor 480L can also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 480G to detect whether the terminal device 100 is in the pocket to prevent accidental touching.
  • Fingerprint sensor 480H is used to collect fingerprints.
  • the terminal device 100 can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to realize fingerprint unlocking, access application lock, fingerprint photography, fingerprint answering incoming calls, etc.
  • Temperature sensor 480J is used to detect temperature.
  • the terminal device 100 uses the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 480J to execute the temperature processing policy. For example, when the temperature reported by the temperature sensor 480J exceeds a threshold, the terminal device 100 reduces the performance of a processor located near the temperature sensor 480J in order to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection.
  • the terminal device 100 heats the battery 442 to prevent the low temperature from causing the terminal device 100 to shut down abnormally.
  • the terminal device 100 when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the terminal device 100 performs boosting on the output voltage of the battery 442 to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperature.
  • Touch sensor 480K also known as "touch panel”.
  • the touch sensor 480K can be disposed on the display screen 494.
  • the touch sensor 480K and the display screen 494 form a touch screen, which is also called a "touch screen”.
  • Touch sensor 480K is used to detect a touch operation on or near it.
  • the touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the touch event type.
  • Visual output related to the touch operation may be provided through display screen 494.
  • the touch sensor 480K may also be disposed on the surface of the terminal device 100 in a position different from that of the display screen 494 .
  • Bone conduction sensor 480M can acquire vibration signals.
  • the bone conduction sensor 480M can acquire the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the human body's vocal part.
  • the bone conduction sensor 480M can also contact the human body's pulse and receive blood pressure beating signals.
  • the bone conduction sensor 480M can also be provided in the earphone and combined into a bone conduction earphone.
  • the audio module 470 can analyze the voice signal based on the vibration signal of the vibrating bone piece of the vocal part acquired by the bone conduction sensor 480M, and implement the voice function.
  • the application processor can analyze the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beat signal obtained by the bone conduction sensor 480M to implement the heart rate detection function.
  • the buttons 490 include a power button, a volume button, etc.
  • Key 490 may be a mechanical key. It can also be a touch button.
  • the terminal device 100 may receive key input and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the terminal device 100 .
  • Motor 491 can produce vibration prompts.
  • Motor 491 can be used for vibration prompts for incoming calls and can also be used for touch vibration feedback.
  • touch operations for different applications can correspond to different vibration feedback effects.
  • Acting on touch operations in different areas of the display screen 494, the motor 491 can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects.
  • Different application scenarios (such as time reminders, receiving information, alarm clocks, games, etc.) can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects.
  • the touch vibration feedback effect can also be customized.
  • the indicator 492 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate charging status, power changes, or may be used to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, etc.
  • the SIM card interface 495 is used to connect a SIM card.
  • the SIM card can be connected to or separated from the terminal device 100 by inserting it into the SIM card interface 495 or pulling it out from the SIM card interface 495 .
  • the terminal device 100 can support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • SIM card interface 495 can support Nano SIM card, Micro SIM card, SIM card, etc.
  • the same SIM card interface 495 can insert multiple cards at the same time. Multiple cards can be of the same type or different types.
  • the SIM card interface 495 is also compatible with different types of SIM cards.
  • the SIM card interface 495 is also compatible with external memory cards.
  • the terminal device 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as calls and data communications.
  • the terminal device 100 adopts eSIM, that is, an embedded SIM card.
  • the eSIM card can be embedded in the terminal device 100 and cannot be separated from the terminal device 100 .
  • the structure illustrated in this embodiment does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal device 100.
  • the terminal device 100 may include more or less components than shown in the figures, or some components may be combined, or some components may be separated, or may be arranged differently.
  • the components illustrated may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the terminal device 100 may also include auxiliary devices such as a mouse, a keyboard, and a drawing pad to perform the process of creating, transmitting, receiving, and customizing target expressions.
  • this embodiment of the present application provides a voice call method, including:
  • the calling terminal device (first terminal device) sends a call request message.
  • the call request message may be an INVITE sip message.
  • the call request message can reach the NR network where the called terminal equipment is registered via the calling side network (the network where the calling terminal equipment is registered).
  • the calling side network can include 5G NR network, 4G LTE network, 3G/2G network, etc. That is, the calling terminal device can be registered (or parked) in the 5G NR network, 4G LTE network, 3G/2G network, etc. This application does not limit it.
  • the calling terminal device In response to the user's operation of dialing the number, the calling terminal device sends a call request message.
  • the user can open the phone application or address book application of the calling terminal device (for example, a mobile phone), and enter or select the called number.
  • the calling terminal device can display the dialing interface 501, and in response to the user's operation of clicking the dial button 502 on the interface 501, the calling terminal device sends a call request message.
  • the calling terminal device can display an interface 503, and the interface 503 can include a text prompt 504 to prompt the user that the called user is being called.
  • the user can also initiate a call to the called user through other methods (for example, through the address book), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the NR network on the called side sends a paging message to the called terminal device (second terminal device).
  • the called terminal device After receiving the paging message, the called terminal device initiates the NR RRC establishment process.
  • step 403 is not a necessary process.
  • the RRC establishment process is only required when the called mobile phone is in the idle state.
  • the called terminal device performs SIP signaling interaction with the NR network on the called side.
  • the NR network on the called side may send an invitation (INVITE) message to the called terminal device.
  • the called terminal device can reply to SIP messages such as 100trying message and session progress message (183Session Progress message).
  • SIP messages such as 100trying message and session progress message (183Session Progress message).
  • 100trying message is used to indicate that the INVITE message has been received.
  • the 183 message is used to prompt the progress of session establishment and session description protocol (session description protocol, SDP) negotiation.
  • SDP session description protocol
  • the NR network on the called side sends an RRC connection release message to the called terminal device, instructing the called terminal device to fall back to 4G.
  • the RRC connection release message carries target frequency point information, and the target frequency point corresponds to the LTE cell.
  • the 5G radio access network can perform EPS fallback through handover or redirection and use IMS voice services. If AMF does not support the N26 interface, NG-RAN can only redirect EPS fallback and use IMS voice services.
  • N26 is the interface between the 4G core network and the 5G core network and is used for the interoperability of 4G and 5G.
  • the called terminal equipment selects an LTE cell to camp on based on the frequency point designated by the NR network on the called side.
  • the called UE can select an LTE cell to camp on based on the target frequency point.
  • the called terminal device initiates a TAU/ATTACH request.
  • the called terminal device After the called terminal device is connected to the 4G base station, it can initiate a TAU/ATTACH request to the 4G core network through the 4G base station.
  • the called terminal device When the N26 interface is supported between the 4G core network and the 5G core network, the called terminal device initiates a TAU request (request), otherwise it initiates an attach request (ATTACH request).
  • the ATTACH request includes tracking area identity (TAI) and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network cell global identifier (E-UTRAN (evolved universal terrestrial radio access network) Cell Global Identifier, ECGI) and other information .
  • TAU request includes information such as TAI, ECGI and voice domin preference.
  • the called terminal device completes the process of establishing the RRC connection on LTE.
  • the ATTCH/TAU request at the non-access stratum (NAS) layer can trigger the called terminal device to establish an RRC connection at the access stratum (AS) layer.
  • the called terminal device can send an RRC connection request message to the network device, and the network device replies with an RRC connection setup message to the called terminal device, and then the called terminal device sends an RRC connection complete message to complete the RRC connection establishment.
  • the called terminal device completes the LTE registration process.
  • the called terminal device can receive an ATTACH accept (ATTACH accept) or tracking area accept (TAU accept) message from the LTE network on the called side.
  • ATTACH accept ATTACH accept
  • TAU accept tracking area accept
  • the called terminal device replies an ATTACH complete or TAU complete message to the LTE network on the called side to complete LTE. registration process.
  • ATTACH accept includes the tracking area list (TAL).
  • the TAL includes multiple TAs.
  • the called terminal device moves among multiple TAs indicated by the TAL, it does not need to perform TA updates to reduce frequent interactions with the network.
  • the LTE network on the called side activates the voice bearer.
  • the network side can trigger the establishment of a voice bearer with a QoS (quality of service) class identifier (QCI) of 1, so that subsequent calls can be made through this voice bearer.
  • QoS quality of service
  • QCI class identifier
  • the called terminal device completes the establishment of the subsequent call process on 4G LTE.
  • the called terminal interacts with the LTE network on the called side such as provisional response acknowledgment (PRACK)/status update (update) and other SIP messages.
  • PRACK provisional response acknowledgment
  • update status update
  • the called terminal device sends a 180Ringing message to the calling terminal device through the LTE network on the called side.
  • the called terminal device prompts incoming call information on the UI, and the user can choose to answer the call to complete the call establishment. At this point, the call is completely established.
  • step 405 the called terminal device falls back to 4G.
  • an abnormality occurs in any step or between steps 406, 407, 408, 409, 410 or 411 (for example, the signal quality of the LTE cell corresponding to the designated frequency point (target frequency point) of the network is poor and there is a neighbor with better signal quality. area (the neighboring cell does not belong to the LTE cell corresponding to the target frequency point), slow TAU causes resource reservation timeout, failure to send SIP messages, or the called terminal device receives error code 503 indicating that the call was abnormally released, etc.) , after the called terminal equipment falls back to 4G, it cannot complete the establishment of the call process with the calling terminal equipment.
  • the called terminal device can perform the following steps:
  • the called terminal equipment starts the slow return (Slow Return) timer (i.e., the first timer). During the start of the Slow Return timer, the UE does not return to the 5G network through reselection or handover.
  • Slow Return slow return
  • the called terminal equipment can start the Slow Return timer (first timer).
  • the name of the Slow Return timer is just an example and is not limited by this application.
  • the UE does not return to the 5G network through reselection or handover, and remains resident on the 4G network, waiting for the network to call again.
  • the called terminal device can suppress 5G SA (e.g., suppress NR measurements; and/or disable 5G SA capabilities), or limit reselection and handover to 5G .
  • 5G SA e.g., suppress NR measurements; and/or disable 5G SA capabilities
  • the preset conditions include: the called terminal device does not open the preset application, the called terminal device does not open the game mode or performance mode, and/or the called terminal device is in a screen-off state.
  • the preset application programs may include programs with high data transmission rate requirements. For example, game applications, live broadcast applications, etc.
  • the called terminal device meets the preset conditions, that is, when the preset application is not opened, the game mode or performance mode is not turned on, and/or the screen is off, the requirements for network quality and data transmission rate are low.
  • a lower standard network for example, 4G network
  • 4G network for example, 4G network
  • turning on the Slow Return timer will not affect the normal operation of the called terminal equipment, and can improve the call completion rate of the called terminal equipment.
  • the called terminal device does not meet the preset conditions, for example, the called terminal device opens a preset application, turns on game mode or performance mode, or is in a bright screen state, it has higher requirements for data transmission rate and network quality.
  • a high-standard network for example, 5G network
  • the Slow Return timer is started when the called terminal device determines that the call establishment failed after falling back to LTE (4G) during the EPS Fallback process. That is, the Slow Return timer is started only when the EPS Fallback process fails abnormally. . If the EPS Fallback call process is successfully established, the existing Fast Return mechanism can be used after the call ends.
  • the length of the Slow Return timer can be determined based on the time required for the calling terminal device to redial, for example, the value can be 45 seconds. There are no specific limitations in this application.
  • the calling terminal device initiates a redial operation to the called device.
  • the calling terminal device can automatically initiate redialing, or the user can initiate redialing manually.
  • the calling terminal device may display the interface 505 , and the interface 505 may include a single redial button 506 .
  • the calling terminal device may enter single redial.
  • the calling terminal device may display an interface 507, which may include an infinite redial button 508, in response to the user clicking the infinite redial button 508.
  • the calling terminal device can enter automatic replay. The calling terminal device can repeatedly dial the entered number before the call is connected.
  • the user can pre-set in the call application of the calling terminal device to allow automatic redialing or the terminal device supports automatic redialing in specific scenarios. In this way, when the first call fails to establish a call, the mobile phone can automatically enter automatic redialing. There is no need for users to perform manual redial operations.
  • the called terminal equipment If the called terminal equipment receives an incoming call from the calling terminal equipment again before the timer times out, it will directly establish a connection with the calling terminal equipment through VOLTE.
  • the called terminal device determines whether the EPS Fallback process failed abnormally. If it is determined that the EPS Fallback process fails abnormally, you can start the Slow Return timer. If it is determined that the EPS Fallback process did not fail abnormally (that is, it ended normally), after the call ends, it can quickly return to 5G based on the FR mechanism. Among them, the duration of the Slow Return timer (for example, 45s) is greater than the Fast Return timer (for example, 5s). After the called terminal device starts the Slow Return timer, it determines whether a new incoming call is received before the Slow Return timer expires.
  • the called terminal device can receive the paging message or INVITE message on 4G again before the timer expires. At this time, it can be considered that the called terminal device received the paging message or INVITE message before the Slow Return timer expires. New call. If a new incoming call is received before the Slow Return timer expires, the Slow Return timer can be terminated and a call connection is established with the calling terminal device based on VOLTE.
  • the called terminal device can quickly return to the 5G network. For example, the terminal device can return to the NR network based on the historical resident NR frequency point information.
  • the called terminal device can start the Slow Return timer. Before the Slow Return timer expires, the called terminal device will not return to the 5G network through reselection or handover. That is, the called terminal device can be allowed to stay on 4G LTE for a longer period of time. In this way, when the calling terminal equipment redials, the called terminal equipment uses the VOLTE method to establish a call with the calling terminal equipment, which greatly increases the possibility of successful call establishment. This solves the problem of continuous EPS Fallback call failures encountered by some users without basically affecting the user's resident 5G SA network, which can improve user experience.
  • the terminal device determines the signal based on the network-specified frequency.
  • the frequency point is stationed in the cell network, it will camp in the LTE weak signal macro cell.
  • the subsequent network can prompt the terminal device to switch to the LTE strong signal indoor cell based on reconfiguration, EPS Fallback failure often occurs before the cell handover is completed.
  • the terminal device quickly returns to the 5G network based on the FR mechanism, when the EPS Fallback process is initiated again, it will camp on the weak signal macro cell again based on the network designated frequency point, which may cause the EPS Fallback to fail again.
  • the UE can stay in the LTE network for a longer period of time. At this time, the UE has camped in the LTE strong signal indoor cell based on handover or reselection.
  • the called terminal device receives an incoming call from the calling terminal device again, it can directly establish a VOLTE call on the strong-signal indoor sub-cell without initiating the EPS Fallback process, thereby avoiding the problem of continuous EPS Fallback failures.
  • the called terminal device can receive the incoming call directly on LTE without the need to perform TAU, that is, there is no need to initiate the EPS Fallback process again, thereby avoiding the problem of continuous EPS Fallback failures.
  • the chip system includes at least one processor 801 and at least one interface circuit 802 .
  • the processor 801 and the interface circuit 802 may be interconnected by wires.
  • interface circuitry 802 may be used to receive signals from other devices (eg, memory of an electronic device).
  • interface circuit 802 may be used to send signals to other devices (eg, processor 801).
  • the interface circuit 802 may read instructions stored in a memory in the electronic device and send the instructions to the processor 801 .
  • the terminal device (the terminal device 100 shown in FIG. 3) can be caused to perform various steps in the above embodiments.
  • chip system may also include other discrete devices, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium includes computer instructions.
  • the terminal device causes the terminal device to 100 executes each function or step performed by the calling terminal device or the called terminal device in the above method embodiment.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform various functions or steps performed by the electronic device in the above method embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a voice calling device.
  • the device can be divided into different logical units or modules according to functions. Each unit or module performs different functions, so that the device performs the electronic equipment in the above method embodiment. Each function or step performed.
  • the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • there may be other division methods for example, multiple units or components may be The combination can either be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of this embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment is essentially or contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including several instructions to cause a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: flash memory, mobile hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种语音呼叫方法和装置，涉及终端领域，能够解决连续EPS Fallback被叫失败的问题，提高用户体验。本申请应用于包括第一终端设备和第二终端设备的通信***，第二终端设备驻留于5G SA网络。其方法包括：第一终端设备向第二终端设备发起呼叫；第二终端设备发起EPS Fallback与第一终端设备建立语音通话；第二终端设备回落LTE网络后，确定EPS Fallback失败；此时第二终端设备启动第一定时器，在第一定时器启动期间第二终端设备驻留在LTE网络，以便后续直接在LTE网络接收第一终端设备的呼叫，无需连续发起EPS Fallback，从而可以避免连续EPS Fallback被叫失败的问题。

Description

一种语音呼叫方法和装置
本申请要求于2022年04月29日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202210468848.1、发明名称为“一种语音呼叫方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种语音呼叫方法和装置。
背景技术
第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信***独立组网(standalone，SA)网络下，通话方案(语音方案)可以采用演进分组***回落语音承载(evolved packet system fallback，EPS Fallback)。EPS Fallback是从第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信***网络回落到***(4th generation，4G)移动通信***网络的方案，EPS Fallback语音业务通过4G网络数据域承载语音业务。即当工作在5G SA网络上的终端设备发起语音呼叫或有语音呼入时，网络通过切换流程将5G终端切换到4G网络上，通过4G网络的长期演进语音承载(voice over long term evolution，VoLTE)技术提供语音业务。
EPS Fallback过程可以包括RRC建立、重定向后4G小区驻留、跟踪区更新(tracking area update，TAU)/附着(ATTACH)过程、4G下语音承载激活、会话初始协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)交互等子过程，任一个子过程出现异常均会导致通话建立失败。通话建立失败后，被叫终端设备可以基于快速返回(Fast Return)机制从4G网络返回5G网络。
通话建立失败的情况下，主叫终端设备通常会进行自动重拨(redial)，或者用户可以手动重拨，以重新发起呼叫。由于被叫终端设备此时已通过Fast Return机制回到5G，被叫终端设备需要再次执行EPS Fallback流程，被叫终端设备可能出现连续EPS Fallback被叫失败问题，影响用户使用体验。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种语音呼叫方法和装置，能够解决连续EPS Fallback被叫失败的问题，提高用户体验。
第一方面，本申请提供一种语音呼叫方法，应用于包括第一终端设备和第二终端设备的通信***，第二终端设备驻留于第五代移动通信***独立组网5G SA网络；第一终端设备向第二终端设备发起呼叫；第二终端设备发起演进分组***回落语音承载EPS Fallback与第一终端设备建立语音通话；第二终端设备回落长期演进LTE网络后，确定EPS Fallback失败；第二终端设备启动第一定时器，在第一定时器启动期间第二终端设备驻留在LTE网络。
基于本申请实施例提供的方法，当判定EPS Fallback通话建立失败时，第二终端设备(被叫终端设备)可以启动第一定时器(Slow Return定时器)。Slow Return定时器超时前，被叫终端设备不会通过重选或者切换返回5G网络。即可以让被叫终端设 备在4G LTE上多驻留一段时间。这样，当主叫终端设备(第一终端设备)重拨时，被叫终端设备可以直接在4G LTE建立与主叫终端设备的通话，增加了通话成功建立的可能性。由于被叫终端设备已经驻留在4G LTE，无需再次发起EPS Fallback与主叫终端设备建立通话，解决了用户碰到的连续EPS Fallback被叫失败问题，可以提高用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，方法还包括：第一定时器超时前，第二终端设备与第一终端设备建立VOLTE语音通话。第一定时器超时前，被叫终端设备一直驻留在4G LTE。这样，当主叫终端设备(第一终端设备)重拨时，被叫终端设备可以直接在4G LTE与第一终端设备建立VOLTE语音通话，增加了通话成功建立的可能性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备与第一终端设备之间建立的VOLTE语音通话结束之后，第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络。第二终端设备返回更高制式的网络(5G SA网络)进行驻网，可以得到更好更全面的服务。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备启动第一定时器包括：若第二终端设备满足预设条件，则启动第一定时器；其中，预设条件包括：第二终端设备未开启预设应用程序，第二终端设备未开启游戏模式，和/或，第二终端设备处于灭屏状态。可以理解的是，被叫终端设备满足预设条件时，即未打开预设应用程序，未开启游戏模式或性能模式，和/或处于灭屏状态时，对网络质量和数据传输速率要求较低，可以驻留到较低制式的网络(例如，4G网络)为用户提供服务。此时，开启第一定时器(Slow Return定时器)，不影响被叫终端设备的正常运行，且可以提高被叫终端设备的呼通率。当被叫终端设备不满足预设条件时，例如，被叫终端设备打开了预设应用程序，开启了游戏模式或性能模式，或处于亮屏状态时，对数据传输速率和网络质量要求较高，需要尽快驻留到高制式网络(例如，5G网络)为用户提供更流畅的服务。此时，可以不开启Slow Return定时器，避免影响被叫终端设备的正常运行。
在一种可能的实现方式中，EPS Fallback失败的原因包括以下至少一种：网络指定频点对应的LTE小区信号质量低于预设阈值且LTE小区的邻区信号质量高于预设阈值、跟踪区更新TAU时长大于预设时长导致资源预留失败、会话初始协议SIP消息发送失败、第二终端设备接收到用于指示呼叫被异常释放的错误码503。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在第一定时器启动期间，第二终端设备抑制5G SA，或者限制向5G做重选和切换。这样，第二终端设备可以在第一定时器启动期间一直驻留在LTE网络，从而当主叫终端设备(第一终端设备)重拨时，被叫终端设备可以直接在4G LTE与第一终端设备建立VOLTE语音通话，增加了通话成功建立的可能性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，方法还包括：若第二终端设备确定EPS Fallback成功，第二终端设备与第一终端设备建立语音通话；第二终端设备与第一终端设备通话结束之后，第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络。第二终端设备返回更高制式的网络(5G SA网络)进行驻网，可以得到更好更全面的服务。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络包括：第二终端设备启动第二定时器，在第二定时器超时前，接收网络设备下发的第一无线资源控制释放RRC release消息，第一RRC release消息携带新无线NR频点信息，第二终端设备基于NR频点信息进行搜网并驻网到5G SA网络；或者在第二定时器超时前，接收 网络设备下发的第二RRC release消息，第二RRC release消息未携带NR频点信息，第二终端设备基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到5G SA网络；或者第二定时器超时后，若未接收到第一RRC release消息或第二RRC release消息，第二终端设备基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到5G SA网络。
第二方面，本申请提供一种语音呼叫方法，应用于包括第一终端设备和第二终端设备的通信***，第二终端设备驻留于第五代移动通信***独立组网5G SA网络；第二终端设备接收第一终端设备发起的呼叫对应的呼叫信令；第二终端设备发起演进分组***回落语音承载EPS Fallback与第一终端设备建立语音通话；第二终端设备回落长期演进LTE网络后，确定EPS Fallback失败；第二终端设备启动第一定时器，在第一定时器启动期间第二终端设备驻留在LTE网络。
基于本申请实施例提供的方法，当判定EPS Fallback通话建立失败时，第二终端设备(被叫终端设备)可以启动第一定时器(Slow Return定时器)。Slow Return定时器超时前，被叫终端设备不会通过重选或者切换返回5G网络。即可以让被叫终端设备在4G LTE上多驻留一段时间。这样，当主叫终端设备(第一终端设备)重拨时，被叫终端设备可以直接在4G LTE建立与主叫终端设备的通话，增加了通话成功建立的可能性。由于被叫终端设备已经驻留在4G LTE，无需再次发起EPS Fallback与主叫终端设备建立通话，解决了用户碰到的连续EPS Fallback被叫失败问题，可以提高用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，方法还包括：第一定时器超时前，第二终端设备与第一终端设备建立VOLTE语音通话。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备与第一终端设备之间建立的VOLTE语音通话结束之后，第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备启动第一定时器包括：若第二终端设备满足预设条件，则启动第一定时器；其中，预设条件包括：第二终端设备未开启预设应用程序，第二终端设备未开启游戏模式，和/或，第二终端设备处于灭屏状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，EPS Fallback失败的原因包括以下至少一种：网络指定频点对应的LTE小区信号质量低于预设阈值且LTE小区的邻区信号质量高于预设阈值、跟踪区更新TAU时长大于预设时长导致资源预留失败、会话初始协议SIP消息发送失败、第二终端设备接收到用于指示呼叫被异常释放的错误码503。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在第一定时器启用期间，第二终端设备抑制5G SA，或者限制向5G做重选和切换。
在一种可能的实现方式中，方法还包括：若第二终端设备确定EPS Fallback成功，第二终端设备与第一终端设备建立语音通话；第二终端设备与第一终端设备通话结束之后，第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络包括：第二终端设备启动第二定时器，在第二定时器超时前，接收网络设备下发的第一无线资源控制释放RRC release消息，第一RRC release消息携带新无线NR频点信息，第二终端设备基于NR频点信息进行搜网并驻网到5G SA网络；或者在第二定时器超时前，接收网络设备下发的第二RRC release消息，第二RRC release消息未携带NR频点信息， 第二终端设备基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到5G SA网络；或者第二定时器超时后，若未接收到第一RRC release消息或第二RRC release消息，第二终端设备基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到5G SA网络。
第三方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述任一方面及其任一种可能的设计方式所述的方法。
第四方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括计算机指令。当计算机指令在第二终端设备(如手机)上运行时，使得该第二终端设备执行如第二方面及其任一种可能的实现方式所述的方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器，处理器和存储器耦合，存储器存储有程序指令，当存储器存储的程序指令被处理器执行时使得所述装置实现上述第二方面及其任一种可能的设计方式所述的方法。所述装置可以为第二终端设备；或可以为第二终端设备中的一个组成部分，如芯片。
第六方面，本申请提供一种芯片***，该芯片***包括一个或多个接口电路和一个或多个处理器。该接口电路和处理器通过线路互联。
上述芯片***可以应用于包括通信模块和存储器的第二终端设备。该接口电路用于从第一终端设备的存储器接收信号，并向处理器发送接收到的信号，该信号包括存储器中存储的计算机指令。当处理器执行该计算机指令时，第二终端设备可以执行如第二方面及其任一种可能的设计方式所述的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信***，包括第一终端设备和第二终端设备，所述第一终端设备和第二终端设备分别执行部分步骤，相互配合以实现上述第一方面及其任一种可能的设计方式所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种流程示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信***的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的终端设备的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的又一种流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种显示示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的又一种显示示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的又一种流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种芯片***的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本申请中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。并且，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b， c可以是单个，也可以是多个。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。同时，在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
目前，在5G SA网络下，通话方案可以采用EPS Fallback。EPS Fallback是一种从5G回落到4G的通话方案(语音方案)。示例性的，如图1所示，EPS Fallback过程可以包括以下步骤：
S1、当终端设备发起主叫或者被叫时，驻留在NR小区(即5G小区)的终端设备与5G网络(network，NW)根据SIP信令交互触发建立多媒体子***(IP multimedia subsystem，IMS)语音会话流程。
S2、5G NW向终端设备发送重定向消息，重定向消息用于指示终端设备回落到4G NW，重定向消息包括网络指定频点。
S3、终端设备根据网络指定频点选择4G NW中的4G小区。
S4、终端设备根据网络配置执行TAU程序或者附着(ATTACH)流程，以完成在4G小区中注册，4G网络激活语音承载。
S5、在4G NW下终端设备和网络继续进行SIP交互，完成通话的最终建立。
在上述过程中，当被叫终端设备回落到4G网络(即长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)网络)后，若通话建立失败，被叫终端设备可以基于Fast Return机制快速从4G网络返回5G网络。这是由于终端设备总是尽量保持在更高制式的网络进行驻网，以得到更好更全面的服务。
具体的，被叫终端设备回落到4G网络后，若确定通话建立失败，可以基于FR机制快速返回5G。具体的，可以启动快速返回(fast return，FR)定时器，基于以下三种方式从4G网络切换回5G网络。
1)FR定时器超时前，若网络下发RRC Release消息(RRC connection release)，RRC Release消息携带NR频点信息，则终端设备基于NR频点信息进行搜网以回到NR网络(即重新驻网到NR)。
2)FR定时器超时前，若网络下发RRC Release消息，RRC Release消息不携带频点信息，则终端设备可以基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到NR网络。
3)FR定时器超时(后)，若终端设备未接收到RRC Release消息，则终端设备进行本地RRC连接释放(终端主动释放RRC连接)，并基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到NR网络。
对于主叫终端设备，在通话建立失败的情况下，主叫终端设备通常会自动进行重拨(redial)，或者用户可以手动进行重拨，以重新发起呼叫过程。由于被叫终端设备此时已通过Fast Return机制回到5G(FR定时器通常情况下不超过5s)，被叫终端设备需要再次执行EPS Fallback流程，被叫终端设备可能出现连续EPS Fallback被叫失 败问题。
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种方法，当被叫终端设备在EPS Fallback过程中回落到4G后，如果被叫通话建立失败，可以控制被叫终端设备延迟返回5G网络。这样，当主叫终端设备进行重拨时，被叫终端设备可以直接在VOLTE上建立通话，大大增加了通话成功建立的可能性(相比EPS Fallback，VOLTE不包括从5G回落4G以及重新在4G注册等过程，流程用时短，且VOLTE网络商用已久，较为稳定)。由此，在基本不影响用户注册在5G SA网络的情况下，解决了用户碰到的连续EPS Fallback被叫失败问题，可以提升用户体验。
相比现有技术中，EPS Fallback失败后，被叫终端设备执行Fast Return机制，快速回5G，从而导致主叫终端设备重拨时被叫终端设备需要再次执行EPS Fallback流程，可能连续碰到EPS Fallback执行失败问题。本申请从保证通话成功的角度考虑，使得被叫终端设备在LTE上多驻留一段时间，从而当主叫终端设备进行重拨时，被叫终端设备可以直接在VOLTE上建立通话，提升了通话的被叫呼通率。由此，在基本不影响用户注册在5G SA网络的情况下，解决了用户碰到的连续EPS Fallback被叫失败问题，可以提升用户体验。
图2给出了本申请实施例提供的技术方案所适用的一种通信***示意图，该通信***可以包括终端设备100、5G NW 200、4G NW 300和IMS 400。
其中，终端设备100可以是主叫终端设备(或称为主叫侧终端设备)或者是被叫侧终端设备(或称为被叫侧终端设备)。终端设备100可包括智能手机(例如搭载Android***或iOS***的手机等)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备(例如智能手表、智能手环等)或其他可以接入互联网的设备。本申请实施例中，终端侧设备可以是独立销售的终端，也可以是终端中的芯片。本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，以用于实现终端的功能的装置是终端侧设备为例，描述本申请实施例提供的技术方案。
终端设备100中存储有用户信息。该用户信息可包括国际移动用户识别码(international mobile subscriber identification number，IMSI)。IMSI可以被存储在终端设备100的客户识别模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)卡中。终端设备100可以使用该用户信息作为身份标识，通过各种语音解决方案发起呼叫或接收呼叫。
5G NW 200的部署方式为独立组网(standalone，SA)。其中，5G NW 200可以包括5G基站201和5G核心网(5G core network，5GC)202。5G基站201连接至5G核心网202，5G核心网202连接至IMS 400。
5G基站201可以是下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)。gNB可以连接到终端设备100，并与该终端设备100之间采用5G NR接入技术相互通信，即gNB和终端设备100之间通过NR链路通信。
5G核心网202用于交换、转发、接续、路由数据。5G核心网202中的网元为功能性的虚拟单元，可包括但不限于：用于接入和移动管理功能的单元(access and mobility management function，AMF)、用于会话管理功能的单元(session management function，SMF)、用于统一数据管理的网元(unified data management，UDM)等。
IMS 400主要可包括呼叫会话控制功能实体(call session control function，CSCF)和 归属用户服务器(home subscriber server，HSS)。CSCF用于控制多媒体呼叫会话过程中的信令、鉴权、与其它网络实体配合控制会话等。HSS用于管理用户数据。
4G NW 300可以包括4G基站301和4G核心网(evolved packet core，EPC)302。4G基站301连接至4G核心网302，4G核心网302连接至IMS 400。
4G基站301可以是演进型基站(evolved Node B，eNB)。
4G核心网302中主要包括以下网元：移动性管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)、服务网关(serving gateway，SGW)、分组数据网络网关(packet data networkgateway，PGW)、归属签约用户服务器(home subscriber server，HSS)和应用服务器(application server，AS)等。MME的主要功能包括接入控制、移动性管理、附着与去附着、会话管理(例如承载的建立、修改和释放)等。SGW的主要用于数据包的路由和转发。PGW的主要功能包括基于用户的包过滤功能、合法侦听功能IP地址分配功能等。HSS用于存储用户签约信息、用户的签约数据及移动用户的位置信息等。
可以理解，图2所示的单元并不构成对通信***的具体限定，通信***还可以包括比图示更多或更少的单元，或者组合某些单元，或者拆分某些单元，或者不同的单元布置，本申请不做限定。
如图3所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备100的结构示意图，该终端设备100可以是第一电子设备。如图3所示，终端设备100可以包括处理器410，外部存储器接口420，内部存储器421，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口430，充电管理模块440，电源管理模块441，电池442，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块450，无线通信模块460，音频模块470，扬声器470A，受话器470B，麦克风470C，耳机接口470D，传感器模块480，按键490，马达491，指示器492，摄像头493，显示屏494，以及用户标识模块(subscriber identification module，SIM)卡接口495等。其中，传感器模块480可以包括压力传感器480A，陀螺仪传感器480B，气压传感器480C，磁传感器480D，加速度传感器480E，距离传感器480F，接近光传感器480G，指纹传感器480H，温度传感器480J，触摸传感器480K，环境光传感器480L，骨传导传感器480M等。
处理器410可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器410可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，存储器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。
控制器可以是终端设备100的神经中枢和指挥中心。控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
处理器410中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器410中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器410刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器410需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取，减小了处理器410的等待时间，因而提高了***的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器410可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路 (inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口，集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuit sound，I2S)接口，脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口，通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口，移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)，通用输入输出(general-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口，用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口，和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。
可以理解的是，本实施例示意的各模块间的接口连接关系，只是示意性说明，并不构成对终端设备100的结构限定。在另一些实施例中，终端设备100也可以采用上述实施例中不同的接口连接方式，或多种接口连接方式的组合。
充电管理模块440用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。在一些有线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块440可以通过USB接口430接收有线充电器的充电输入。在一些无线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块440可以通过终端设备100的无线充电线圈接收无线充电输入。充电管理模块440为电池442充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块441为电子设备供电。
电源管理模块441用于连接电池442，充电管理模块440与处理器410。电源管理模块441接收电池442和/或充电管理模块440的输入，为处理器410，内部存储器421，外部存储器，显示屏494，摄像头493，和无线通信模块460等供电。电源管理模块441还可以用于监测电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块441也可以设置于处理器410中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块441和充电管理模块440也可以设置于同一个器件中。
终端设备100的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块450，无线通信模块460，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。终端设备100中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块450可以提供应用在终端设备100上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。移动通信模块450可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块450可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块450还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块450的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器410中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块450的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器410的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
调制解调处理器可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。随后解调器将解调得到的低频基带信号传送至基带处理器处理。低频基带信号经基带处理器处理后，被传递给应用处理器。应用处理器通过音频设备(不限于扬声器470A，受话器470B等)输出声音信号，或通过显示屏494显示图像或视频。在一些实施例 中，调制解调处理器可以是独立的器件。在另一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以独立于处理器410，与移动通信模块450或其他功能模块设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块460可以提供应用在终端设备100上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星***(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块460可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块460经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器410。无线通信模块460还可以从处理器410接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，终端设备100的天线1和移动通信模块450耦合，天线2和无线通信模块460耦合，使得终端设备100可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。无线通信技术可以包括全球移动通讯***(global system for mobile communications，GSM)，通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)，码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)，宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)，时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，BT，GNSS，WLAN，NFC，FM，和/或IR技术等。GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位***(global positioning system，GPS)，全球导航卫星***(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)，北斗卫星导航***(beidou navigation satellite system，BDS)，准天顶卫星***(quasi-zenith satellite system，QZSS)和/或星基增强***(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
终端设备100通过GPU，显示屏494，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏494和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器410可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示信息。
显示屏494用于显示图像，视频等。
显示屏494包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix organic light emitting diode，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emitting diode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)等。
终端设备100可以通过ISP，摄像头493，视频编解码器，GPU，显示屏494以及应用处理器等实现拍摄功能。
ISP用于处理摄像头493反馈的数据。例如，拍照时，打开快门，光线通过镜头被传递到摄像头感光元件上，光信号转换为电信号，摄像头感光元件将电信号传递给ISP处理，转化为肉眼可见的图像。ISP还可以对图像的噪点，亮度，肤色进行算法优化。ISP还可以对拍摄场景的曝光，色温等参数优化。在一些实施例中，ISP可以设置在摄像头493中。
摄像头493用于捕获静态图像或视频。物体通过镜头生成光学图像投射到感光元件。感光元件可以是电荷耦合器件(charge coupled device，CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor，CMOS)光电晶体管。感光元件把光信号转换成电信号，之后将电信号传递给ISP转换成数字图像信号。ISP将数字图像信号输出到DSP加工处理。DSP将数字图像信号转换成标准的RGB，YUV等格式的图像信号。在一些实施例中，终端设备100可以包括1个或N个摄像头493，N为大于1的正整数。
数字信号处理器用于处理数字信号，除了可以处理数字图像信号，还可以处理其他数字信号。例如，当终端设备100在频点选择时，数字信号处理器用于对频点能量进行傅里叶变换等。
视频编解码器用于对数字视频压缩或解压缩。终端设备100可以支持一种或多种视频编解码器。这样，终端设备100可以播放或录制多种编码格式的视频，例如：动态图像专家组(moving picture experts group，MPEG)1，MPEG2，MPEG3，MPEG4等。
NPU为神经网络(neural-network，NN)计算处理器，通过借鉴生物神经网络结构，例如借鉴人脑神经元之间传递模式，对输入信息快速处理，还可以不断的自学习。通过NPU可以实现终端设备100的智能认知等应用，例如：图像识别，人脸识别，语音识别，文本理解等。
外部存储器接口420可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展终端设备100的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口420与处理器410通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐，视频等文件保存在外部存储卡中。本申请实施例中，外部存储卡(例如，Micro SD卡)可以用于存储***相册中的全部图片，Micro SD卡通常是对用户开放的，用户可以自由删除和存取***相册中的图片。
内部存储器421可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，可执行程序代码包括指令。处理器410通过运行存储在内部存储器421的指令，从而执行终端设备100的各种功能应用以及数据处理。例如，在本申请实施例中，处理器410可以通过执行存储在内部存储器421中的指令，响应于用户在显示屏494的第二操作或第一操作，在显示屏494显示对应的显示内容。内部存储器421可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作***，至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能，图像播放功能等)等。存储数据区可存储终端设备100使用过程中所创建的数据(比如音频数据，电话本等)等。此外，内部存储器421可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)，只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)等。
终端设备100可以通过音频模块470，扬声器470A，受话器470B，麦克风470C，耳机接口470D，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。
音频模块470用于将数字音频信息转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频输入转换为数字音频信号。音频模块470还可以用于对音频信号编码和解码。在一些实施例中，音频模块470可以设置于处理器410中，或将音频模块470的部分功能模块设置于处理器410中。扬声器470A，也称“喇叭”，用于将音频电信号转换为声音信 号。终端设备100可以通过扬声器470A收听音乐，或收听免提通话。受话器470B，也称“听筒”，用于将音频电信号转换成声音信号。当终端设备100接听电话或语音信息时，可以通过将受话器470B靠近人耳接听语音。麦克风470C，也称“话筒”，“传声器”，用于将声音信号转换为电信号。终端设备100可以设置至少一个麦克风470C。在一些实施例中，终端设备100可以设置两个麦克风470C，除了采集声音信号，还可以实现降噪功能。在一些实施例中，终端设备100还可以设置三个，四个或更多麦克风470C，实现采集声音信号，降噪，还可以识别声音来源，实现定向录音功能等。
耳机接口470D用于连接有线耳机。耳机接口470D可以是USB接口430，也可以是3.5mm的开放移动电子设备平台(open mobile terminal platform，OMTP)标准接口，美国蜂窝电信工业协会(cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA，CTIA)标准接口。
压力传感器480A用于感受压力信号，可以将压力信号转换成电信号。在一些实施例中，压力传感器480A可以设置于显示屏494。压力传感器480A的种类很多，如电阻式压力传感器，电感式压力传感器，电容式压力传感器等。电容式压力传感器可以是包括至少两个具有导电材料的平行板。当有力作用于压力传感器480A，电极之间的电容改变。终端设备100根据电容的变化确定压力的强度。当有触摸操作作用于显示屏494，终端设备100根据压力传感器480A检测触摸操作强度。终端设备100也可以根据压力传感器480A的检测信号计算触摸的位置。在一些实施例中，作用于相同触摸位置，但不同触摸操作强度的触摸操作，可以对应不同的操作指令。例如：当有触摸操作强度小于第一压力阈值的触摸操作作用于短消息应用图标时，执行查看短消息的指令。当有触摸操作强度大于或等于第一压力阈值的触摸操作作用于短消息应用图标时，执行新建短消息的指令。
陀螺仪传感器480B可以用于确定终端设备100的运动姿态。在一些实施例中，可以通过陀螺仪传感器480B确定终端设备100围绕三个轴(即，x，y和z轴)的角速度。陀螺仪传感器480B可以用于拍摄防抖。示例性的，当按下快门，陀螺仪传感器480B检测终端设备100抖动的角度，根据角度计算出镜头模组需要补偿的距离，让镜头通过反向运动抵消终端设备100的抖动，实现防抖。陀螺仪传感器480B还可以用于导航，体感游戏场景。
气压传感器480C用于测量气压。在一些实施例中，终端设备100通过气压传感器480C测得的气压值计算海拔高度，辅助定位和导航。
磁传感器480D包括霍尔传感器。终端设备100可以利用磁传感器480D检测翻盖皮套的开合。在一些实施例中，当终端设备100是翻盖机时，终端设备100可以根据磁传感器480D检测翻盖的开合。进而根据检测到的皮套的开合状态或翻盖的开合状态，设置翻盖自动解锁等特性。
加速度传感器480E可检测终端设备100在各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小。当终端设备100静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向。还可以用于识别电子设备姿态，应用于横竖屏切换，计步器等应用。
距离传感器480F，用于测量距离。终端设备100可以通过红外或激光测量距离。在一些实施例中，拍摄场景，终端设备100可以利用距离传感器480F测距以实现快速 对焦。
接近光传感器480G可以包括例如发光二极管(LED)和光检测器，例如光电二极管。发光二极管可以是红外发光二极管。终端设备100通过发光二极管向外发射红外光。终端设备100使用光电二极管检测来自附近物体的红外反射光。当检测到充分的反射光时，可以确定终端设备100附近有物体。当检测到不充分的反射光时，终端设备100可以确定终端设备100附近没有物体。终端设备100可以利用接近光传感器480G检测用户手持终端设备100贴近耳朵通话，以便自动熄灭屏幕达到省电的目的。接近光传感器480G也可用于皮套模式，口袋模式自动解锁与锁屏。
环境光传感器480L用于感知环境光亮度。终端设备100可以根据感知的环境光亮度自适应调节显示屏494亮度。环境光传感器480L也可用于拍照时自动调节白平衡。环境光传感器480L还可以与接近光传感器480G配合，检测终端设备100是否在口袋里，以防误触。
指纹传感器480H用于采集指纹。终端设备100可以利用采集的指纹特性实现指纹解锁，访问应用锁，指纹拍照，指纹接听来电等。
温度传感器480J用于检测温度。在一些实施例中，终端设备100利用温度传感器480J检测的温度，执行温度处理策略。例如，当温度传感器480J上报的温度超过阈值，终端设备100执行降低位于温度传感器480J附近的处理器的性能，以便降低功耗实施热保护。在另一些实施例中，当温度低于另一阈值时，终端设备100对电池442加热，以避免低温导致终端设备100异常关机。在其他一些实施例中，当温度低于又一阈值时，终端设备100对电池442的输出电压执行升压，以避免低温导致的异常关机。
触摸传感器480K，也称“触控面板”。触摸传感器480K可以设置于显示屏494，由触摸传感器480K与显示屏494组成触摸屏，也称“触控屏”。触摸传感器480K用于检测作用于其上或附近的触摸操作。触摸传感器可以将检测到的触摸操作传递给应用处理器，以确定触摸事件类型。可以通过显示屏494提供与触摸操作相关的视觉输出。在另一些实施例中，触摸传感器480K也可以设置于终端设备100的表面，与显示屏494所处的位置不同。
骨传导传感器480M可以获取振动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器480M可以获取人体声部振动骨块的振动信号。骨传导传感器480M也可以接触人体脉搏，接收血压跳动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器480M也可以设置于耳机中，结合成骨传导耳机。音频模块470可以基于骨传导传感器480M获取的声部振动骨块的振动信号，解析出语音信号，实现语音功能。应用处理器可以基于骨传导传感器480M获取的血压跳动信号解析心率信息，实现心率检测功能。
按键490包括开机键，音量键等。按键490可以是机械按键。也可以是触摸式按键。终端设备100可以接收按键输入，产生与终端设备100的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。
马达491可以产生振动提示。马达491可以用于来电振动提示，也可以用于触摸振动反馈。例如，作用于不同应用(例如拍照，音频播放等)的触摸操作，可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。作用于显示屏494不同区域的触摸操作，马达491也可对应不同的振动反馈效果。不同的应用场景(例如：时间提醒，接收信息，闹钟，游戏等) 也可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。触摸振动反馈效果还可以支持自定义。
指示器492可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。
SIM卡接口495用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过***SIM卡接口495，或从SIM卡接口495拔出，实现和终端设备100的接触和分离。终端设备100可以支持1个或N个SIM卡接口，N为大于1的正整数。SIM卡接口495可以支持Nano SIM卡，Micro SIM卡，SIM卡等。同一个SIM卡接口495可以同时***多张卡。多张卡的类型可以相同，也可以不同。SIM卡接口495也可以兼容不同类型的SIM卡。SIM卡接口495也可以兼容外部存储卡。终端设备100通过SIM卡和网络交互，实现通话以及数据通信等功能。在一些实施例中，终端设备100采用eSIM，即：嵌入式SIM卡。eSIM卡可以嵌在终端设备100中，不能和终端设备100分离。
以下实施例中的方法均可以在具有上述硬件结构的终端设备100中实现。
可以理解的是，本实施例示意的结构并不构成对终端设备100的具体限定。在另一些实施例中，终端设备100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。例如，终端设备100还可以包括鼠标，键盘、画板等辅助设备，用于进行目标表情的制作、传递、接收以及自定义的过程。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“至少一个”是指一个或多个，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
为了便于理解，以下结合附图对本申请实施例提供的语音呼叫方法进行具体介绍。
如图4所示，本申请实施例提供一种语音呼叫方法，包括：
401、响应于用户操作，主叫终端设备(第一终端设备)发送呼叫请求消息。
示例性的，该呼叫请求消息可以为INVITE sip消息。该呼叫请求消息可以经过主叫侧网络(主叫终端设备注册的网络)到达被叫终端设备注册的NR网络。
其中，主叫侧网络可以包括5G NR网络、4G LTE网络、3G/2G网络等。即主叫终端设备可以注册(或驻留)在5G NR网络、4G LTE网络、3G/2G网络等，本申请不做限定。
响应于用户拨打号码的操作，主叫终端设备发送呼叫请求消息。示例性的，用户可以打开主叫终端设备(例如，手机)电话应用或通讯录应用，输入或选择被叫号码。如图5中的(a)所示，主叫终端设备可以显示拨号界面501，响应于用户在界面501点击拨叫按钮502的操作，主叫终端设备发送呼叫请求消息。同时，如图5中的(b)所示，主叫终端设备可以显示界面503，界面503中可以包括文字提示504，用于向用户提示正在呼叫被叫用户。当然，用户还可以通过其他方式(例如，通过通讯录)向被叫用户发起呼叫，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
402、被叫侧的NR网络向被叫终端设备(第二终端设备)发送寻呼消息。
403、被叫终端设备接收到寻呼消息后发起NR RRC建立过程。
需要说明的是，步骤403并非是必须的过程，仅当被叫手机处于空闲态(idle态)下时需要进行RRC建立过程。
404、被叫终端设备与被叫侧的NR网络进行SIP信令交互。
具体的，被叫侧的NR网络可以向被叫终端设备下发邀请(INVITE)消息。被叫终端设备接收到INVITE消息后可以回复100trying消息和会话进度消息(183Session Progress消息)等SIP消息。其中，100trying消息用于表示已经收到INVITE消息。183消息用于提示建立会话的进度和会话描述协议(session description protocol，SDP)协商。
405、被叫侧的NR网络向被叫终端设备下发RRC connection release消息，指示被叫终端设备回落到4G。
其中，RRC connection release消息中携带目标频点信息，目标频点对应LTE小区。
若被叫侧的NR网络支持N26接口(即AMF支持N26接口)，5G无线接入网(NG-RAN)可通过切换或重定向进行EPS回落，使用IMS语音服务。若AMF不支持N26接口，NG-RAN只能重定向进行EPS回落，使用IMS语音服务。其中，N26是4G核心网和5G核心网之间的接口，用于4G和5G的互操作。
406、被叫终端设备基于被叫侧的NR网络指定的频点选择LTE小区驻留。
即被叫UE可以基于目标频点选择LTE小区进行驻留。
407、被叫终端设备发起TAU/ATTACH请求。
被叫终端设备连接到4G基站后，可以通过4G基站向4G核心网发起TAU/ATTACH请求。
当4G核心网和5G核心网之间支持N26接口时，被叫终端设备发起TAU请求(request)，否则发起附着请求(ATTACH request)。其中，ATTACH request中包括跟踪区标识(tracking area identity，TAI)和演进的通用陆基无线接入网小区全局标识符(E-UTRAN(evolved universal terrestrial radio access network)Cell Global Identifier，ECGI)等信息。TAU request中包括TAI、ECGI和voice domin preference等信息。
408、被叫终端设备在LTE上完成RRC连接建立的过程。
非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)层的ATTCH/TAU请求可以触发被叫终端设备在接入层(access stratum，AS)层建立RRC连接。具体的，被叫终端设备可以向网络设备发送RRC connection request消息，网络设备向被叫终端设备回复RRC connection setup消息，之后被叫终端设备发送RRC connection complete消息，从而完成RRC连接建立。
409、被叫终端设备完成LTE的注册过程。
被叫终端设备可以从被叫侧的LTE网络接收附着接受(ATTACH accept)或者跟踪区接受(TAU accept)消息，被叫终端设备向被叫侧的LTE网络回复ATTACH complete或者TAU complete消息，完成LTE的注册过程。
其中，ATTACH accept中包括跟踪区列表(tracking area list，TAL)。TAL中包括多个TA，被叫终端设备在TAL指示的多个TA间移动时不需要执行TA更新，以减少与网络的频繁交互。
410、被叫侧的LTE网络激活语音承载。
被叫终端设备在LTE完成注册之后，网络侧可以触发建立服务质量分类标识(QoS(quality of service)class identifier，QCI)为1的语音承载，以便后续通过该语音承载进行通话。
411、被叫终端设备在4G LTE上完成后续通话过程的建立。
具体的，被叫终端与被叫侧的LTE网络进行临时恢复确认(provisional response acknowledgement，PRACK)/状态更新(update)等SIP消息的交互。具体过程可以参考现有技术，在此不做赘述。之后，被叫终端设备通过被叫侧的LTE网络向主叫终端设备发送180Ringing消息，被叫终端设备UI上提示来电信息，用户可以选择接听，完成通话的建立。至此，通话完整建立。
需要说明的是，步骤405之后，被叫终端设备向4G回落。若步骤406、407、408、409、410或411中任意步骤及步骤之间出现异常(例如，出现网络指定频点(目标频点)对应的LTE小区信号质量差且存在信号质量较好的邻区(该邻区不属于目标频点对应的LTE小区)、TAU较慢导致资源预留超时、SIP消息发送失败或被叫终端设备接收到用于指示呼叫被异常释放的错误码503等原因)，被叫终端设备回落到4G后无法与主叫终端设备完成通话过程的建立。
为了解决上述问题，被叫终端设备可以执行以下步骤：
412、被叫终端设备启动慢返回(Slow Return)定时器(即第一定时器)，在Slow Return定时器启动期间，UE不通过重选或者切换等方式返回5G网络。
优选的，若被叫终端设备向网络发送振铃消息前就发生了通话建立失败，被叫终端设备可以启动Slow Return定时器(第一定时器)。Slow Return定时器的名称仅是一种示例，本申请不做限定。在Slow Return定时器启动期间，UE不通过重选或者切换等方式返回5G网络，保持驻留在4G网络，等待网络再次呼叫。
为了保持驻留在4G网络，在Slow Return定时器启动期间，被叫终端设备可以抑制5G SA(例如，抑制NR测量；和/或，禁用5G SA能力)，或者限制向5G做重选和切换。
可选的，被叫终端设备启动Slow Return定时器前，可以判断被叫终端设备是否满足预设条件。预设条件包括：被叫终端设备未打开预设应用程序，被叫终端设备未开启游戏模式或性能模式，和/或，被叫终端设备处于灭屏状态。其中，预设应用程序可以包括数据传输速率要求高的程序。例如，游戏应用，直播应用等。
可以理解的是，被叫终端设备满足预设条件时，即未打开预设应用程序，未开启游戏模式或性能模式，和/或处于灭屏状态时，对网络质量和数据传输速率要求较低，可以驻留到较低制式的网络(例如，4G网络)为用户提供服务。此时，开启Slow Return定时器，不影响被叫终端设备的正常运行，且可以提高被叫终端设备的呼通率。当被叫终端设备不满足预设条件时，例如，被叫终端设备打开了预设应用程序，开启了游戏模式或性能模式，或处于亮屏状态时，对数据传输速率和网络质量要求较高，需要尽快驻留到高制式网络(例如，5G网络)为用户提供更流畅的服务。此时，可以不开启Slow Return定时器，避免影响被叫终端设备的正常运行。
需要补充说明的是，Slow Return定时器是当被叫终端设备在EPS Fallback过程中 回落到LTE(4G)后确定通话建立失败时启动，即是EPS Fallback流程发生异常失败时才启动Slow Return定时器。若是EPS Fallback通话过程建立成功，通话结束后可以沿用现有的Fast Return机制。
其中，Slow Return定时器的时长可以根据主叫终端设备重拨所需的时间确定，例如取值可以为45秒。本申请不做具体限定。
413、主叫终端设备向被叫设备发起重拨操作。
主叫终端设备可以自动发起重拨，或者用户可以手动发起重拨。
示例性的，如图6中的(a)所示，第一次拨打电话建立通话失败时，主叫终端设备可以显示界面505，界面505中可以包括单次重拨按钮506。响应于用户点击单次重拨按钮506的操作，主叫终端设备可以进入单次重拨。如果对端仍然未接通，如图6中的(b)所示，主叫终端设备可以显示界面507，界面507中可以包括无限重拨按钮508，响应于用户点击无限重拨按钮508的操作，主叫终端设备可以进入自动重播。主叫终端设备可以在电话接通前，一直重复拨打已经输入好的号码。
或者，用户可以在主叫终端设备的通话应用中预先设置允许进行自动重拨或者终端设备支持特定场景自动重拨，这样，第一次拨打电话建立通话失败时，手机可以自动进入自动重拨，无需用户再进行手动重拨操作。
414、若定时器超时前，被叫终端设备重新接收到主叫终端设备的来电，直接通过VOLTE与主叫终端设备建立连接。
如图7所示，当EPS Fallback流程结束时，被叫终端设备判断EPS Fallback流程是否异常失败。若确定EPS Fallback流程异常失败，可以启动Slow Return定时器。若确定EPS Fallback流程不是异常失败(即正常结束)，通话结束后，可以基于FR机制快速返回5G。其中，Slow Return定时器的时长(例如，45s)大于Fast Return定时器(例如，5s)。被叫终端设备启动Slow Return定时器后，判断Slow Return定时器超时前是否收到新的来电。若主叫终端设备重新发起呼叫，在定时器超时前，被叫终端设备可以重新在4G上接收到寻呼消息或者INVITE消息，此时可以认为被叫终端设备在Slow Return定时器超时前接收到新的来电。若Slow Return定时器超时前接收到新的来电，可以终止Slow Return定时器，并基于VOLTE与主叫终端设备建立通话连接。
若主叫终端设备未重新发起呼叫，或者，若主叫终端设备重新发起呼叫，但在Slow Return定时器超时前，被叫终端设备未接收到寻呼消息或者INVITE消息，可以认为被叫终端设备在定时器超时前未收到新的来电。此时，当Slow Return定时器超时后，被叫终端设备可以快速返回5G网络。示例性的，终端设备可以基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到NR网络。
基于本申请实施例提供的方法，当判定EPS Fallback通话建立失败时，被叫终端设备可以启动Slow Return定时器。Slow Return定时器超时前，被叫终端设备不会通过重选或者切换返回5G网络。即可以让被叫终端设备在4G LTE上多驻留一段时间。这样，当主叫终端设备重拨时，被叫终端设备使用VOLTE的方式建立与主叫终端设备的通话，大大增加了通话成功建立的可能性。由此，在基本不影响用户常驻5G SA网络的情况下，解决了部分用户碰到的连续EPS Fallback被叫失败问题，可以提高用 户体验。
下面对本申请解决连续EPS Fallback失败问题做更详细的举例说明。例如，当网络指定频点对应的LTE小区(例如为LTE弱信号宏站小区)信号质量差且存在信号质量较好的邻区(例如，LTE强信号室分小区)时，终端设备基于网络指定频点进行小区驻网时会驻留到LTE弱信号宏站小区，虽然后续网络可以基于重配置促使终端设备切换到LTE强信号室分小区，但EPS Fallback失败往往在小区切换完成之前已发生。若终端设备基于FR机制快速返回5G网络，则再次发起EPS Fallback流程时，会再次基于网络指定频点驻到弱信号宏站小区，可能再次导致EPS Fallback失败。当采用本申请实施例的方案时，第一次EPS Fallback失败后，UE可以在LTE网络多驻留一段时间，此时UE基于切换或者重选已驻留在LTE强信号室分小区。当被叫终端设备再次接收到主叫终端设备的来电时，可以直接在强信号室分小区上建立VOLTE通话，不必再发起EPS Fallback过程，从而避免了连续EPS Fallback失败问题。
又例如，SA布网早期，部分网络存在较严重的兼容性问题。UE通过EPS Fallback回落到LTE网络时，存在TAU过程耗时较长，TAU ACCEPT消息回复慢的问题，这会导致资源预留超时，最终导致EPS Fallback失败。EPS Fallback失败后，若终端设备基于FR机制快速返回5G网络，则再次发起EPS Fallback时，可能再次碰到由于TAU慢导致EPS Fallback失败的问题。采用本申请实施例提供的方案之后，UE可以在LTE网络多驻留一段时间。这样，当主叫终端设备再次来电时，被叫终端设备可以直接在LTE上接收来电，不需要再进行TAU，即不需要再发起EPS Fallback流程，从而避免了连续EPS Fallback失败问题。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片***，如图8所示，该芯片***包括至少一个处理器801和至少一个接口电路802。处理器801和接口电路802可通过线路互联。例如，接口电路802可用于从其它装置(例如，电子设备的存储器)接收信号。又例如，接口电路802可用于向其它装置(例如处理器801)发送信号。
例如，接口电路802可读取电子设备中存储器中存储的指令，并将该指令发送给处理器801。当所述指令被处理器801执行时，可使得终端设备(如图3所示的终端设备100)执行上述实施例中的各个步骤。
当然，该芯片***还可以包含其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在电子设备(如图3所示的终端设备100)上运行时，使得终端设备100执行上述方法实施例中主叫终端设备或被叫终端设备执行的各个功能或者步骤。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述方法实施例中电子设备执行的各个功能或者步骤。
本申请实施例还提供了一种语音呼叫装置，所述装置可以按照功能划分为不同的逻辑单元或模块，各单元或模块执行不同的功能，以使得所述装置执行上述方法实施例中电子设备执行的各个功能或者步骤。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要 而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。上述描述的***，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本实施例所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的***，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本实施例各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器执行各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：快闪存储器、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种语音呼叫方法，其特征在于，应用于包括第一终端设备和第二终端设备的通信***，所述第二终端设备驻留于第五代移动通信***独立组网5G SA网络；
    所述第一终端设备向所述第二终端设备发起呼叫；
    所述第二终端设备发起演进分组***回落语音承载EPS Fallback与所述第一终端设备建立语音通话；
    所述第二终端设备回落长期演进LTE网络后，确定EPS Fallback失败；
    所述第二终端设备启动第一定时器，在所述第一定时器启动期间所述第二终端设备驻留在LTE网络。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一定时器超时前，所述第二终端设备与所述第一终端设备建立VOLTE语音通话。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二终端设备与所述第一终端设备之间建立的VOLTE语音通话结束之后，所述第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二终端设备启动第一定时器包括：
    若所述第二终端设备满足预设条件，则启动所述第一定时器；
    其中，所述预设条件包括：所述第二终端设备未开启预设应用程序，所述第二终端设备未开启游戏模式，和/或，所述第二终端设备处于灭屏状态。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述EPS Fallback失败的原因包括以下至少一种：
    网络指定频点对应的LTE小区信号质量低于预设阈值且所述LTE小区的邻区信号质量高于所述预设阈值、跟踪区更新TAU时长大于预设时长导致资源预留失败、会话初始协议SIP消息发送失败、所述第二终端设备接收到用于指示呼叫被异常释放的错误码503。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述第一定时器启动期间，所述第二终端设备抑制5G SA，或者限制向5G做重选和切换。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述第二终端设备确定EPS Fallback成功，所述第二终端设备与所述第一终端设备建立语音通话；
    所述第二终端设备与所述第一终端设备通话结束之后，所述第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络包括：
    所述第二终端设备启动第二定时器，在所述第二定时器超时前，接收网络设备下发的第一无线资源控制释放RRC release消息，所述第一RRC release消息携带新无线NR频点信息，所述第二终端设备基于所述NR频点信息进行搜网并驻网到5G SA网 络；或者
    在所述第二定时器超时前，接收网络设备下发的第二RRC release消息，所述第二RRC release消息未携带NR频点信息，所述第二终端设备基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到5G SA网络；或者
    所述第二定时器超时后，若未接收到所述第一RRC release消息或所述第二RRC release消息，所述第二终端设备基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到5G SA网络。
  9. 一种语音呼叫方法，其特征在于，应用于包括第一终端设备和第二终端设备的通信***，所述第二终端设备驻留于第五代移动通信***独立组网5G SA网络；
    所述第二终端设备接收所述第一终端设备发起的呼叫对应的呼叫信令；
    所述第二终端设备发起演进分组***回落语音承载EPS Fallback与所述第一终端设备建立语音通话；
    所述第二终端设备回落长期演进LTE网络后，确定EPS Fallback失败；
    所述第二终端设备启动第一定时器，在所述第一定时器启动期间所述第二终端设备驻留在所述LTE网络。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一定时器超时前，所述第二终端设备与所述第一终端设备建立VOLTE语音通话。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二终端设备与所述第一终端设备之间建立的VOLTE语音通话结束之后，所述第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络。
  12. 根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二终端设备启动第一定时器包括：
    若所述第二终端设备满足预设条件，则启动所述第一定时器；
    其中，所述预设条件包括：所述第二终端设备未开启预设应用程序，所述第二终端设备未开启游戏模式，和/或，所述第二终端设备处于灭屏状态。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述EPS Fallback失败的原因包括以下至少一种：
    网络指定频点对应的LTE小区信号质量低于预设阈值且所述LTE小区的邻区信号质量高于所述预设阈值、跟踪区更新TAU时长大于预设时长导致资源预留失败、会话初始协议SIP消息发送失败、所述第二终端设备接收到用于指示呼叫被异常释放的错误码503。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述第一定时器启用期间，所述第二终端设备抑制5G SA，或者限制向5G做重选和切换。
  15. 根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述第二终端设备确定EPS Fallback成功，所述第二终端设备与所述第一终端设备建立语音通话；
    所述第二终端设备与所述第一终端设备通话结束之后，所述第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二终端设备重新驻留到5G SA网络包括：
    所述第二终端设备启动第二定时器，在所述第二定时器超时前，接收网络设备下发的第一无线资源控制释放RRC release消息，所述第一RRC release消息携带新无线NR频点信息，所述第二终端设备基于所述NR频点信息进行搜网并驻网到5G SA网络；或者
    在所述第二定时器超时前，接收网络设备下发的第二RRC release消息，所述第二RRC release消息未携带NR频点信息，所述第二终端设备基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到5G SA网络；或者
    所述第二定时器超时后，若未接收到所述第一RRC release消息或所述第二RRC release消息，所述第二终端设备基于历史驻留的NR频点信息回到5G SA网络。
  17. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机指令；
    当所述计算机指令在第二终端设备上运行时，使得所述第二终端设备执行如权利要求9-16中任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种第二终端设备，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器和存储器耦合，所述存储器存储有程序指令，当所述存储器存储的程序指令被所述处理器执行时使得所述第二终端设备实现权利要求9-16中任一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种芯片***，其特征在于，所述芯片***包括一个或多个接口电路和一个或多个处理器；所述接口电路和所述处理器通过线路互联；
    所述芯片***应用于包括通信模块和存储器的第二终端设备；所述接口电路用于从所述存储器接收信号，并向所述处理器发送所述信号，所述信号包括所述存储器中存储的计算机指令；当所述处理器执行所述计算机指令时，所述第二终端设备执行如权利要求9-16中任一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种语音呼叫***，其特征在于，包括第一终端设备和第二终端设备，所述第一终端设备和所述第二终端设备用于执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
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