WO2023203718A1 - Wireless communication method and wireless communication system - Google Patents

Wireless communication method and wireless communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023203718A1
WO2023203718A1 PCT/JP2022/018407 JP2022018407W WO2023203718A1 WO 2023203718 A1 WO2023203718 A1 WO 2023203718A1 JP 2022018407 W JP2022018407 W JP 2022018407W WO 2023203718 A1 WO2023203718 A1 WO 2023203718A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
wireless base
wireless
connection
normalized
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PCT/JP2022/018407
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
健 福島
元晴 佐々木
俊朗 中平
大輔 村山
貴庸 守山
Original Assignee
日本電信電話株式会社
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Application filed by 日本電信電話株式会社 filed Critical 日本電信電話株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2022/018407 priority Critical patent/WO2023203718A1/en
Publication of WO2023203718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023203718A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless communication method and a wireless communication system.
  • connection control between a wireless base station and a wireless terminal a wireless communication system is known that uses blockchain technology to perform distributed processing of connection control (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
  • wireless terminals In conventional technology, wireless terminals (user terminals) autonomously decide which wireless base station to connect to, so wireless terminals are biased in connecting to a specific wireless base station (for example, a wireless base station with low connection cost). The usage efficiency of radio resources in the entire radio communication system may decrease.
  • the embodiments of the present invention have been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and improve the utilization efficiency of radio resources in the entire radio communication system.
  • a wireless communication method includes a transmission process in which a wireless base station broadcasts connection conditions of the wireless base station, and a transmission process in which a wireless base station broadcasts connection conditions of the wireless base station based on the connection conditions.
  • a management process that uses a blockchain shared by multiple wireless base stations to manage connections with wireless terminals that request connection to a wireless base station, and a management process that uses a blockchain shared by multiple wireless base stations to normalize connections with other wireless base stations using the ledger information of the blockchain.
  • a calculation process for calculating the degree of congestion and a change process for changing the connection condition of the wireless base station based on the normalized degree of congestion are executed.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a system configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a blockchain network according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a wireless base station according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a wireless terminal according to the present embodiment.
  • 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing by a wireless base station according to the present embodiment.
  • 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing by a wireless terminal according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a calculation unit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of connection condition changing processing according to the first embodiment.
  • 7 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of connection condition changing processing according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of connection condition changing processing according to the second embodiment.
  • 7 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of connection condition changing processing according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a wireless base station and a wireless terminal according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram (1) for explaining an example of the effect of the wireless communication method according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram (2) for explaining an example of the effect of the wireless communication method according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an overview of processing of a wireless communication system using blockchain.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining issues of a wireless communication system using blockchain.
  • Wireless communication systems connect wireless terminals to wireless base stations without centralized management by using blockchain technology to perform connection processing in a distributed manner when connecting wireless base stations and wireless terminals. This is a possible system.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an overview of processing of a wireless communication system using blockchain.
  • transaction data 2 is created between the wireless base station 10 and the wireless terminal 20 in a connection process in which the wireless terminal 20 connects to the wireless base station 10 (step S1).
  • the wireless terminal 20 receives the connection conditions broadcasted by the wireless base station 10, and checks the communication quality, connection cost, etc. of the wireless communication network provided by the wireless base station 10.
  • the wireless base station 10 checks whether the wireless terminal 20 has sufficient ability to pay. Further, when an agreement regarding connection conditions is obtained between the wireless base station 10 and the wireless terminal 20, the wireless base station 10 records the content of the agreement in the transaction data 2.
  • the communication quality of the wireless communication network provided by the wireless base station 10 includes, for example, throughput, total data amount, etc.
  • the wireless terminal 20 may agree to the connection conditions when the communication quality provided by the wireless base station 10 satisfies all the communication quality required by the wireless terminal 20.
  • the wireless terminal 20 may agree to the connection conditions when the communication quality provided by the wireless base station 10 satisfies a part of the communication quality required by the wireless terminal 20.
  • the wireless base station 10 spreads the transaction data 2 created in the connection process to the nodes participating in the blockchain network 30 (step S2).
  • the blockchain network 30 includes a plurality of nodes that collectively record transaction data 2 in blocks and share a blockchain (distributed ledger) in which a plurality of blocks are recorded in chronological order.
  • the plurality of nodes include a plurality of wireless base stations 10 that constitute a wireless communication system. Note that the plurality of nodes may include nodes (computers, wireless terminals, etc.) other than the wireless base station 10.
  • step S3 When the blockchain network 30 is notified of the transaction data 2, some nodes (for example, the wireless base station 10x) participating in the blockchain network 30 generate a block 3 together with other transaction data (step S3). Furthermore, after generating the block 3, the blockchain network 30 adds the generated block 3 to the blockchain 40 possessed by each node included in the blockchain network 30 (step S4).
  • the blockchain 40 of each node reserves the added block, and after a predetermined number of blocks (verification blocks) are further added to the blockchain, the contract is established by accepting the pending block (step S5 ). After the contract is established, the wireless base station 10 starts communication with the wireless terminal 20 (step S6).
  • the wireless communication system can perform connection processing between the wireless base station 10 and the wireless terminal 20 through distributed control, without relying on a control station or the like that centrally controls the wireless communication system.
  • the wireless terminal (user terminal) 20 takes the lead in that the wireless terminal 20 checks the connection conditions transmitted by one or more wireless base stations 10 and determines the wireless base station 10 with which to request connection. This is the control procedure.
  • the wireless terminals 20 connected to a specific wireless base station 10 may be biased, and the efficiency of using the wireless resources of the entire wireless communication system may decrease.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the problems of wireless communication systems using blockchain.
  • the wireless communication system 1 includes a plurality of wireless base stations 10a, 10b, and 10c as an example for explanation. Note that the wireless base stations may (or may not) include the indoor wireless base station 10c.
  • the wireless base station 10a forms a network cell 11a and is capable of communicating with wireless terminals 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20f within the network cell 11a.
  • the wireless base station 10b forms a network cell 11b and is capable of communicating with wireless terminals 20b and 20e within the network cell 11b.
  • the wireless base station 10c forms a network cell 11c and is capable of communicating with wireless terminals 20c and 20d within the network cell 11c.
  • each wireless terminal 20 autonomously determines the wireless base station to which it will connect, for example, as shown in FIG. You may become concentrated. Furthermore, if the wireless terminal 20f connects to a nearby wireless base station 10a when starting a new communication, for example, the wireless resource usage efficiency of the entire wireless communication system 1 will further decrease. There is a risk of it being stored away.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the system configuration of a wireless communication system according to this embodiment.
  • the wireless communication system 100 includes a plurality of wireless base stations 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, . . . that form mutually different network cells.
  • the wireless base station 110a forms a network cell 111a and can communicate with a wireless terminal 120b located within the network cell 111a.
  • the wireless base station 110b forms a network cell 111b, and is capable of communicating with a wireless terminal 120a located within the network cell 111b.
  • the wireless base station 110c forms a network cell 111c and can communicate with wireless terminals 120b, 120c, and 120d within the network cell 111c.
  • the radio base station 110d forms a network cell 111d
  • the radio base station 110e forms a network cell 111e.
  • wireless base station 110 is used to refer to any wireless base station among the wireless base stations 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, . Further, when referring to any wireless terminal among the wireless terminals 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d, “wireless terminal 120" is used.
  • the number of wireless base stations 110 and the number of wireless terminals 120 shown in FIG. 1 are merely examples, and other numbers may be used.
  • the multiple wireless base stations 110 also function as nodes that participate in the blockchain network 200, and the multiple wireless base stations 110 share the same blockchain.
  • the blockchain network 200 is a P2P (Peer-to-Peer) network (distributed network) in which each node can send and receive data equally with other nodes without using a server or the like.
  • a blockchain is a distributed ledger in which multiple nodes participating in a P2P network record transactions, etc. between two parties in a verifiable and permanent manner.
  • the blockchain network 30 may include nodes other than the wireless base station 110 (for example, other computers, wireless terminals, etc.).
  • Each wireless base station 110 manages connections with wireless terminals 120 using blockchain. For example, each wireless base station 110 records and manages transaction data 2 and the like described in FIG. 15 in a blockchain shared by multiple wireless base stations 110. Thereby, the wireless base station 110 can obtain information regarding other wireless base stations 110 by referring to the blockchain.
  • Each wireless base station 110 broadcasts connection conditions for connecting to the wireless base station 110 to the wireless terminals 120 within the network cell 111 of the wireless base station.
  • the connection conditions include, for example, information such as the communication quality to be provided and the connection cost (connection fee) for connecting to the wireless base station 110.
  • a wireless terminal 120 that starts communication receives connection conditions transmitted by nearby wireless base stations 110, and determines a wireless base station 110 with which to request connection based on the connection conditions. For example, the wireless terminal 120 selects a wireless base station 110 that satisfies the communication quality required by the wireless terminal 120 and has the lowest connection cost among the one or more wireless base stations 110 that have received connection conditions. The wireless base station 110 to be requested is determined.
  • traffic may concentrate on a specific wireless base station 110, similar to the wireless communication system 1 described in FIGS. 15 and 16.
  • wireless terminal 120a is connected to wireless base station 110
  • wireless terminals 120c and 120d are connected to wireless base station 110c.
  • the wireless terminal 120b when the wireless terminal 120b starts a new communication, in order to reduce the congestion level of the wireless base station 110c, the wireless terminal 120b connects to the less congested wireless base station 110a. It is difficult to control as such. For example, in the wireless communication method described in FIGS. 15 and 16, it is not possible to preferentially connect the wireless terminal 120b in FIG. 1 to the wireless base station 110a, which is less congested.
  • controlling the optimal connection destination for all wireless terminals 120 through centralized control of the control station that oversees the wireless communication system 1 becomes difficult as the number of wireless base stations 110 and wireless terminals 120 increases. This is not realistic as the amount would be huge.
  • the wireless base station 110 has a function of calculating the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations 110 using blockchain ledger information shared by a plurality of wireless base stations 110. ing.
  • the wireless base station 110 obtains the maximum communication quality (for example, maximum throughput) of another wireless base station 110 and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station 110 from the blockchain. Furthermore, the radio base station 110 normalizes the number of radio terminals accommodated by the other radio base station 110 based on the ratio of the maximum communication quality of its own station and the maximum communication quality of the other radio base station 110. Calculate the degree of congestion.
  • the maximum communication quality for example, maximum throughput
  • the wireless base station 110 obtains the average communication quality of other wireless base stations 110 and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base stations 110 from the blockchain. Furthermore, the radio base station 110 normalizes the average communication quality of other radio base stations 110 based on the ratio of the number of radio terminals accommodated by the radio base station 110 and the number of radio terminals accommodated by the other radio base stations 110. , a normalized degree of congestion may be calculated.
  • the wireless base station 110 has a function of controlling the connection cost of the wireless base station 110 based on the normalized degree of congestion between the wireless base station 110 and other wireless base stations 110. For example, the wireless base station 110 lowers the connection cost of the wireless base station 110 when the normalized degree of congestion of another wireless base station 110 is higher than that of the wireless base station 110. Alternatively, the wireless base station 110 increases the connection cost of the wireless base station 110 when the normalized degree of congestion of another wireless base station 110 is lower than that of the wireless base station 110.
  • the wireless terminal 120b newly starting communication prioritizes the wireless base station 110a, which has a lower connection cost than the wireless base station 110c, as a connection destination. It can be controlled to select the
  • the wireless base station 110 controls the connection cost of its own station, for example, based on the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the wireless base station 110 and other wireless base stations 110 instead of the normalized degree of congestion. Conceivable.
  • this method cannot take into account the difference in performance (communication quality) of each radio base station 110, so for example, the usage efficiency of the radio base station 110 with high communication quality may decrease, or the communication quality of the radio terminal 120 may be affected. There are problems such as differences occurring.
  • the wireless communication system 100 since the connection cost of the own station is controlled based on the normalized degree of congestion, a decrease in the utilization efficiency of the wireless base station 110 with high communication quality is suppressed, and Communication quality of wireless terminal 120 can be smoothed.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the wireless base station according to the present embodiment.
  • the wireless base station 110 includes, for example, a computer configuration, and when the computer executes a predetermined program, a wireless communication section 301, a transmission section 302, a management section 303, a calculation section 304, a change section 305, and a storage section 306 are configured. , a wired communication unit 307, etc. Note that at least some of the above functional configurations may be realized by hardware.
  • the wireless communication unit 301 forms a network cell 111 capable of wireless communication with the wireless base station 110, and executes wireless communication processing to perform wireless communication with a wireless terminal 120 connected to the wireless base station 110.
  • the transmitting unit 302 executes a transmission process of broadcasting connection conditions for connecting to the wireless base station 110 to the wireless terminals 120 within the network cell 111 of the wireless base station 110.
  • the connection conditions include, for example, information such as the communication quality provided by the wireless base station 110 and the connection cost (connection fee) for connecting to the wireless base station 110.
  • the management unit 303 executes management processing for managing information on the wireless terminals 120 that connect to the wireless base station 110 based on the connection conditions transmitted by the transmitting unit 302 using a blockchain shared by a plurality of wireless base stations 110. do.
  • the management unit 303 can connect the wireless terminal 120 that requests connection to the wireless base station 110 and the blocks shared with other wireless base stations 110 by executing the series of processes described in steps S1 to S6 in FIG. 15. Connection information with the wireless terminal 120 is recorded in the chain 320.
  • the management unit 303 executes various processes to manage the blockchain as a node of the blockchain shared by the plurality of wireless base stations 110.
  • information on wireless terminals 120 connected to each wireless base station 110 in wireless communication system 100 is recorded in blockchain 320. Therefore, by referring to the blockchain 320, the wireless base station 110 can obtain information on the wireless terminals 120 that connect to other wireless base stations 110, the communication quality of the wireless communication network provided by the other wireless base stations 110, and the connection. Information such as costs can be obtained.
  • the calculation unit 304 uses the ledger information of the blockchain 320 to execute calculation processing to calculate the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations 110. Note that the specific processing contents of the calculation process executed by the calculation unit 304 will be described later by illustrating a plurality of embodiments.
  • the changing unit 305 changes the connection condition of the wireless base station 110 based on the normalized degree of congestion calculated by the calculating unit 304. For example, when the own station (wireless base station 110) is congested, the changing unit 305 increases the connection cost of the own station. Furthermore, when the changing unit 305's own station is not congested, the connection cost of the own station is lowered.
  • connection cost is the cost (for example, connection fee) for the wireless terminal 120 to connect to the wireless base station 110, and the wireless terminal 120, for example, Among them, the wireless base station 110 with the lowest connection cost is connected preferentially.
  • the wireless terminal 120 may decide which wireless base station 110 to connect to by taking into account the strength of the received signal from the wireless base station 110, the communication speed, etc. in addition to the connection cost.
  • the transmitting unit 302, the managing unit 303, the calculating unit 304, the changing unit 305, and the like are included in a communication control unit 310 that controls wireless communication by the wireless communication unit 301, for example.
  • the storage unit 306 executes storage processing to store various data, information, programs, etc., including the blockchain 320, in a storage device included in the wireless base station 110, for example.
  • the wired communication unit 307 connects the wireless base station 110 to, for example, a wired communication network, and executes communication related to the blockchain network 200 as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a wireless terminal according to this embodiment.
  • the wireless terminal 120 has, for example, a computer configuration, and the computer executes a predetermined program to realize a wireless communication section 401, a reception section 402, a determination section 403, a connection control section 404, a storage section 405, etc. are doing. Note that at least some of the above functional configurations may be realized by hardware.
  • the wireless communication unit 401 connects to the wireless base station 110 by wireless communication and executes wireless communication processing to transmit and receive data.
  • the receiving unit 402 uses the wireless communication unit 401 to execute a reception process of receiving the connection conditions transmitted by the wireless base station 110.
  • the determining unit 403 determines the wireless base station 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 requests connection, based on the connection conditions received by the receiving unit 402. For example, the wireless terminal 120 preferentially connects to the wireless base station 110 with the lowest connection cost among the wireless base stations 110 that satisfy the required communication quality. Note that when the distance between the wireless terminal 120 and the wireless base station 110 is short, the transmission power can be reduced, and when the communication speed between the wireless base station 110 and the wireless terminal 120 is high, the communication time can be shortened. It is. Therefore, it is preferable that the wireless terminal 120 determines the wireless base station 110 to be connected to based on the communication quality of the wireless base station 110 and the connection cost.
  • the connection control unit 404 executes a connection process to connect to the connection destination wireless base station 110 determined by the determination unit 403. For example, in the connection process described in step S1 of FIG. 15, the connection control unit 404 transmits a connection request to the wireless base station 110 to be connected, and makes an agreement regarding the wireless communication service to be provided.
  • the receiving unit 402, the determining unit 403, the connection control unit 404, and the like are included in a communication control unit 410 that controls wireless communication by the wireless communication unit 401, for example.
  • the storage unit 405 executes storage processing for storing various data, information, programs, etc. necessary for wireless communication, for example, in a storage device included in the wireless terminal 120.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing by the wireless base station according to the present embodiment. This process shows the overall flow of the process executed by the wireless base station 110 described in FIG. 3.
  • step S501 the calculation unit 304 of the wireless base station 110 identifies one or more other wireless base stations 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 may transition to its own station (wireless base station 110).
  • the calculation unit 304 uses the ledger information of the blockchain 320 to calculate the normalized congestion degree of one or more other wireless base stations 110 identified in step S501.
  • the normalized degree of congestion is, for example, the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station 110, based on the ratio of the maximum communication quality of the wireless base station 110 to the maximum communication quality of other wireless base stations.
  • the number of wireless terminals that is normalized can be applied.
  • the normalized degree of congestion is calculated based on the ratio of the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the wireless base station 110 and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base stations 110. Communication quality obtained by normalizing communication quality (normalized communication quality) can be applied. Note that the method for calculating the normalized number of wireless terminals and the normalized communication quality will be described later.
  • the changing unit 305 changes the connection condition of its own station (wireless base station 110) based on the normalized degree of congestion calculated by the calculating unit 304. For example, if the own station is more congested than other radio base stations 110, the changing unit 305 increases the connection cost of the own station. Note that when there are multiple other radio base stations 110, the changing unit 305 changes the number of other radio base stations 110 that are more congested than the own station to the number of other radio base stations 110 that are less congested than the own station. If the number of wireless base stations 110 is more than that, it may be determined that the local station is more congested than other wireless base stations 110.
  • the changing unit 305 lowers the connection cost of the own station when the own station is less congested than the other wireless base stations 110. Note that when there are multiple other radio base stations 110, the changing unit 305 changes the number of other radio base stations 110 that are more congested than the own station to the number of other radio base stations 110 that are less congested than the own station. If the number is less, it may be determined that the local station is less congested than other wireless base stations 110.
  • the transmitter 302 uses the wireless communication unit 301 to broadcast the connection conditions.
  • the transmitting unit 302 periodically transmits, by wireless communication, a notification message that includes connection conditions including information such as communication quality of wireless communication provided by the own station (wireless base station 110) and connection cost.
  • step S505 the management unit 303 determines whether the wireless communication unit 301 has received a connection request from the wireless terminal 120, and if it has received a connection request, executes the processes from step S506 onwards.
  • the management unit 303 uses the blockchain 320 to execute, for example, the connection process described in steps S1 to S6 of FIG. 15.
  • step S507 the management unit 303 determines whether a connection contract with the wireless terminal 120 has been established, and if the connection contract has been established, the process moves to step S508. On the other hand, if the connection contract has not been established, the management unit 303 returns the process to step S504.
  • step S508 the wireless base station 110 starts communication with the wireless terminal 120 that sent the connection request, and returns the process to step S504. Furthermore, in step S509, upon completion of communication, the wireless base station 110 returns the process to step S504.
  • calculation unit 304 executes the process of step S510 in parallel with the processes of steps S507 to S511.
  • step S510 the calculation unit 304 determines whether a predetermined time has elapsed since the process 500 of steps S501 to S503 was last executed.
  • the predetermined time is a preset connection cost update interval. If the predetermined time has elapsed, the calculation unit 304 executes the process 500 of steps S501 to S503 again. If the predetermined time has not elapsed, the calculation unit 304 returns the process to step S504 and waits until the predetermined time elapses.
  • the wireless base station 110 can change the connection conditions of the wireless base station 110 based on the normalized congestion degree of other nearby wireless base stations 110. Further, by each of the plurality of radio base stations 110 included in the radio communication system 100 executing the process shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to improve the radio resource usage efficiency of the entire radio communication system 100.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the process flow of the wireless terminal according to this embodiment. This process is an example of the process that the wireless terminal 120 described in FIG. 4 executes when starting wireless communication.
  • step S601 the receiving unit 402 receives the connection conditions broadcasted by the wireless base station 110.
  • this connection condition includes information such as the communication quality of wireless communication provided by the wireless base station 110 and the connection cost.
  • the determining unit 403 determines the wireless base station 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 requests connection, based on the connection conditions received by the receiving unit 402. For example, the determining unit 403 may determine the wireless base station 110 with the lowest connection cost among the wireless base stations 110 that satisfy the required communication quality as the wireless base station 110 that requests connection. Furthermore, when there are multiple wireless base stations 110 with the same connection cost, the determining unit 403 may determine the wireless base station 110 with the highest communication quality as the wireless base station 110 requesting connection.
  • step S603 the connection control unit 404 transmits a connection request requesting a wireless communication connection to the wireless base station 110 determined by the determination unit 403.
  • the wireless base station 110 that has received this connection request executes the process of step S506 in FIG. 5.
  • step S604 the connection control unit 404 determines whether a connection contract with the wireless base station 110 has been established, and if the connection contract has been established, the process moves to step S605. On the other hand, if the connection contract has not been established, the wireless terminal 120 ends the process of FIG.
  • step S605 the wireless terminal 120 starts communication with the wireless base station 110 to which it is connected, and in step S606, when the communication is completed, the process in FIG. 6 ends.
  • the wireless terminal 120 can preferentially connect to a wireless base station 110 with a lower connection cost among the nearby wireless base stations 110.
  • the wireless terminal 120 may execute the process in FIG. 6 again and switch the connection destination to a new wireless base station 110. Furthermore, if the connection cost of the wireless base station 110 increases during communication, the wireless terminal 120 may execute the process in FIG. 6 again to switch the connection destination to a new wireless base station 110.
  • connection condition changing process executed by the wireless base station 110 will be described by illustrating a specific example.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of the calculation unit according to the first embodiment.
  • the calculation unit 304 includes, for example, a specification unit 701, an information acquisition unit 702, a normalization unit 703, and the like.
  • the identifying unit 701 executes identifying processing to identify one or more other wireless base stations 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 may transition to the own station (wireless base station 110). For example, the identifying unit 701 acquires transition information of the wireless base station 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 is connected from the blockchain 320, and identifies other wireless base stations 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 has transitioned. do.
  • the identification unit 701 of the wireless base station 110a determines whether there is a history in the blockchain 320 of the wireless terminal 120 connecting to the wireless base station 110a after connecting to the wireless base station 110b. to judge. If there is such a history, the identifying unit 701 of the wireless base station 110a determines the wireless base station 110b as the wireless base station 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 may transfer. By performing similar processing on other radio base stations 110c, 110d, 110e, . , 110c can be specified.
  • the information acquisition unit 702 obtains from the blockchain 320 the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station 110 identified by the identifying unit 701 and the number of wireless terminals 120 accommodated by the other wireless base station 110 (hereinafter referred to as the number of terminals accommodated). ).
  • the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station 110 for example, the maximum value of wireless communication throughput provided by the other wireless base station 110 can be applied.
  • the number of terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station 110 is, for example, the number of wireless terminals 120 currently connected to the other wireless base station 110.
  • the normalization unit 703 normalizes the number of terminals accommodated by another wireless base station 110 based on, for example, the ratio of the maximum communication quality of its own station (wireless base station 110) to the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station 110. Calculate the normalized number of terminals accommodated. For example, the normalization unit 703 calculates the normalized number of terminals accommodated using the following (Formula 1).
  • T my_BS is the maximum communication quality of the own station (wireless base station 110)
  • T shift_BSi is the maximum communication quality of another wireless base station 110
  • U i is the wireless terminal accommodated by the other wireless base station 110. 120 (hereinafter referred to as the number of terminals accommodated).
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of connection condition changing processing according to the first embodiment. This process shows a specific example of the process 500 of steps S501 to S503 in FIG. 5, for example.
  • step S801 the identifying unit 701 identifies one or more other wireless base stations 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 may transition to the local station (wireless base station 110).
  • step S802 the information acquisition unit 702 acquires, from the blockchain 320, the maximum communication quality and the number of terminals accommodated by one or more other wireless base stations 110 identified by the identification unit 701.
  • step S803 the normalization unit 703 applies the maximum communication quality and the number of terminals accommodated of the one or more other wireless base stations 110 acquired by the information acquisition unit 702 to (Formula 1), and The normalized number of terminals accommodated by other radio base stations 110 is calculated.
  • the changing unit 305 moves the process to step S805 and increases the connection cost of the local station. On the other hand, if the local station is not congested, the changing unit 305 moves the process to step S806 to reduce the connection cost of the local station.
  • steps S805 and S806 in FIG. 8 is an example.
  • the changing unit 305 may set the connection cost of the own station to a default value in step S806.
  • the changing unit 305 may set the connection cost of the own station to a default value in step S805.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of connection condition changing processing according to the first embodiment.
  • the "own station” is, for example, the wireless base station 110a in FIG. 1, and the maximum T (maximum throughput) is 100 Mbps and the number of terminals accommodated is 10.
  • BS1 is, for example, the wireless base station 110b of FIG. 1, and the maximum T is 200 Mbps and the number of terminals accommodated is 10.
  • BS2 is, for example, the wireless base station 110c in FIG. 1, has a maximum T of 300 Mbps, and can accommodate 10 terminals.
  • the calculation unit 304 of the local station calculates the maximum T of the local station (an example of maximum communication quality) "100 Mbps", the maximum T of BS1 "200 Mbps", and the number of terminals accommodated by BS1 "10" into (Formula 1). By applying this, the normalized number of terminals accommodated by the BS1 is calculated as "5". Similarly, the calculation unit 304 of the own station calculates the maximum T of the own station (an example of maximum communication quality) "100 Mbps", the maximum T of BS1 "300 Mbps", and the number of terminals accommodated in BS2 "10” using (Formula 1) is applied to calculate the normalized number of terminals accommodated by BS2, which is "3.3".
  • the range of increase/decrease in the connection cost of the own station may be a constant value, or the larger the difference between the normalized number of accommodated terminals between the own station and other wireless base stations (for example, BS1), the greater the range of increase/decrease. It may be set to a large value.
  • the normalized number of accommodated terminals is an example of the normalized degree of congestion calculated by the calculation unit 304.
  • the wireless base station 110 can use the normalized number of terminals accommodated as the normalized degree of congestion.
  • Example 2 (Functional configuration)
  • the functional configuration of the calculation unit 304 according to the second embodiment is similar to the functional configuration of the calculation unit 304 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 7, but the processing contents of the information acquisition unit 702 and the normalization unit 703 are different. Since the parts are different, the differences from the first embodiment will be explained here.
  • the information acquisition unit 702 acquires from the blockchain 320 the average communication quality of the other wireless base station 110 identified by the identification unit 701 and the number of wireless terminals 120 accommodated by the other wireless base station 110. .
  • the average communication quality of the other wireless base stations 110 for example, the average value (average T) of wireless communication throughput provided by the other wireless base stations 110 can be applied.
  • the normalization unit 703 normalizes the average communication quality of other wireless base stations 110 based on, for example, the ratio of the number of terminals accommodated in the own station (wireless base station 110) and the number of terminals accommodated in the other wireless base stations 110. Calculate the normalized communication quality. For example, the normalization unit 703 calculates the normalized communication quality using the following (Equation 2).
  • U my_BS is the number of terminals accommodated by the own station (radio base station 110)
  • U shift_BSi is the number of terminals accommodated by other radio base stations 110
  • T i is the average communication quality of the other radio base stations 110.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of connection condition changing processing according to the second embodiment. This process shows a specific example of the process 500 of steps S501 to S503 in FIG. 5, for example. Note that among the processes shown in FIG. 10, the processes in steps S801, S805, and S806 are the same as the processes in the first embodiment described in FIG. 8, so the description thereof will be omitted here.
  • step S1001 the information acquisition unit 702 acquires, from the blockchain 320, the average communication quality and the number of terminals accommodated by one or more other wireless base stations 110 identified by the identification unit 701.
  • step S1002 the normalization unit 703 applies the average communication quality and the number of terminals accommodated of the one or more other wireless base stations 110 acquired by the information acquisition unit 702 to (Equation 2), and The normalized communication quality of other wireless base stations 110 is calculated.
  • the changing unit 305 moves the process to step S805 and increases the connection cost of the local station. On the other hand, if the local station is not congested, the changing unit 305 moves the process to step S806 to reduce the connection cost of the local station.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of connection condition changing processing according to the second embodiment.
  • the "own station” is, for example, the wireless base station 110a in FIG. 1, and assumes that the average T (average throughput) is 100 Mbps and the number of terminals accommodated is 10.
  • BS1 is, for example, the wireless base station 110b of FIG. 1, and has an average T of 200 Mbps and a terminal capacity of 10.
  • BS2 is, for example, the wireless base station 110c in FIG. 1, has an average T of 300 Mbps, and accommodates 10 terminals.
  • the calculation unit 304 of the own station applies the number of terminals accommodated in the own station "10", the number of terminals accommodated in BS1 "10", and the average T of BS1 "200 Mbps” to (Equation 2), Calculate normalized communication quality (normalized T) "200".
  • the calculation unit 304 of the own station applies the number of terminals accommodated in the own station "10", the number of terminals accommodated in BS2 "10", and the average T of BS2 "300 Mbps" to (Formula 2), The normalized communication quality of "300" is calculated.
  • the range of increase/decrease in the connection cost of the own station may be set to a constant value, or the greater the difference in normalized communication quality between the own station and other wireless base stations (for example, BS1), the larger the range of increase/decrease is set. You may.
  • the normalized communication quality is an example of the normalized degree of congestion calculated by the calculation unit 304.
  • the wireless base station 110 may use normalized communication quality as the normalized degree of congestion.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a wireless base station and a wireless terminal according to this embodiment.
  • the wireless base station 110 and the wireless terminal 120 include, for example, the configuration of a computer 1200 as shown in FIG. 12.
  • the computer 1200 includes a processor 1201, a memory 1202, a storage device 1203, a communication device 1204, an input device 1205, an output device 1206, a bus B, and the like.
  • the processor 1201 is, for example, an arithmetic device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that implements various functions by executing a predetermined program.
  • Memory 1202 is a storage medium readable by computer 1200, and includes, for example, RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), and the like.
  • the storage device 1203 is a computer-readable storage medium, and may include, for example, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), various optical disks, magneto-optical disks, and the like.
  • the communication device 1204 includes one or more hardware (communication devices) for communicating with other devices via a wireless or wired network.
  • the communication device 1204 of the computer 1200 included in the wireless base station 110 includes a communication device for performing wireless communication and a communication device for performing wired communication.
  • the communication device 1204 of the computer 1200 included in the wireless terminal 120 includes a communication device for performing wireless communication.
  • the input device 1205 is an input device (eg, keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside.
  • the output device 1206 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that performs output to the outside. Note that the input device 1205 and the output device 1206 may have an integrated configuration (for example, an input/output device such as a touch panel display).
  • Bus B is commonly connected to each of the above components, and transmits, for example, address signals, data signals, and various control signals.
  • the processor 1201 is not limited to a CPU, and may be, for example, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
  • the wireless base station 110 and the wireless terminal 120 in this embodiment are not limited to being implemented by dedicated devices, but may be implemented by a general-purpose computer. In that case, a program for realizing this function may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium may be read into a computer system and executed.
  • the "computer system” herein includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices.
  • computer-readable recording medium includes various storage devices such as flexible disks, magneto-optical disks, ROMs, CD-ROMs, and other portable media, and hard disks built into computer systems.
  • a “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a storage medium that dynamically stores a program for a short period of time, such as a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. It may also include a device that retains a program for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory inside a computer system that is a server or client in that case.
  • the above-mentioned program may be one for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions, and further may be one that can realize the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system. It may be realized using hardware such as a PLD (Programmable Logic Device) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
  • PLD Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • a graph 1401 in FIG. 14 shows the simulation results of the throughput cumulative distribution function (CDF) for each wireless terminal 120 in "Example 1", “Comparative Example 1", and “Comparative Example 2". Furthermore, a table 1402 in FIG. 14 shows the median values of throughput of "Example 1", “Comparative Example 1", and "Comparative Example 2".
  • CDF throughput cumulative distribution function
  • Example 1 shows the simulation results when each wireless base station controls the connection cost in a distributed manner using the normalized number of terminals accommodated, as explained in FIGS. 7 to 9. There is.
  • Comparative Example 1 shows the simulation results of a conventional technique in which the connection cost was kept constant without each wireless base station controlling the connection cost.
  • Comparative Example 2 shows the simulation results when each wireless base station controls the connection cost in a distributed manner using the unnormalized number of terminals accommodated.
  • each wireless base station controls the connection cost in a distributed manner using the unnormalized number of terminals accommodated, and as in “Comparative Example 1.” It can be expected that the median throughput will be improved by about 1.6 times compared to the conventional technology. Furthermore, as in “Example 1”, by normalizing the number of terminals accommodated and each wireless base station controlling the connection cost in a distributed manner, the median throughput can be reduced by 1 compared to "Comparative Example 2". .It is expected that the effect will be improved by 4 times.
  • the connection cost of the own station is controlled based on the normalized degree of congestion, so that a decrease in the utilization efficiency of the wireless base station 110 with high communication quality is suppressed, and Communication quality of wireless terminal 120 can be smoothed.
  • the wireless base station a transmission process of broadcasting connection conditions of the wireless base station; a management process that uses a blockchain shared by a plurality of wireless base stations to manage a connection with a wireless terminal that requests connection to the wireless base station based on the connection conditions; a calculation process of calculating the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations using the blockchain ledger information; a change process of changing the connection condition of the wireless base station based on the normalized degree of congestion; A wireless communication method that performs (Section 2) The calculation process is Obtaining the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station from the blockchain, The normalized number of terminals accommodated by the other radio base station is normalized by the ratio of the maximum communication quality of the radio base station to the maximum communication quality of the other radio base station.
  • the wireless communication method according to item 1. (Section 3) The calculation process is Obtaining from the blockchain the average communication quality of the other wireless base station and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station, Normalized communication quality obtained by normalizing the average communication quality of the other radio base station by the ratio of the number of radio terminals accommodated by the radio base station and the number of radio terminals accommodated by the other radio base station, The normalized degree of congestion is The wireless communication method according to item 1. (Section 4) The change process is performed according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, in which, if the normalized degree of congestion is higher in the other wireless base station than in the wireless base station, the connection cost of the wireless base station is reduced. Wireless communication method described.
  • the change process may include increasing the connection cost of the wireless base station if the normalized congestion level of the other wireless base station is lower than that of the wireless base station.
  • Wireless communication method described. The other radio base station is any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, including one or more radio base stations among the plurality of radio base stations to which a radio terminal may transition to the radio base station.
  • the wireless communication method described in . (Section 7) The wireless communication method according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the other wireless base station includes one or more wireless base stations adjacent to or close to the wireless base station.
  • a wireless communication system including a plurality of wireless base stations and a wireless terminal
  • the wireless base station is a transmitting unit that broadcasts connection conditions of the wireless base station; a management unit that manages connection with a wireless terminal that requests connection to the wireless base station based on the connection condition using a blockchain shared by the plurality of wireless base stations; a calculation unit that calculates the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations using the blockchain ledger information; a changing unit that changes the connection condition of the wireless base station based on the normalized degree of congestion; has
  • the wireless terminal is a receiving unit that receives the connection conditions; a determining unit that determines the wireless base station to which the wireless terminal requests connection based on the connection condition; has, Wireless communication system.

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Abstract

To improve the efficiency of radio resource utilization for a wireless communication system as a whole, the present invention provides a wireless communication method in which a wireless base station executes a transmission process for broadcasting a connection condition of the wireless base station, a management process for managing connections with wireless terminals that request connection to the wireless base station on the basis of the connection condition, the management using a blockchain shared by a plurality of wireless base stations, a calculation process for using ledger information from the blockchain to calculate a normalized congestion level of other wireless base stations, and a changing process for changing the connection condition of the wireless base station on the basis of the normalized congestion level.

Description

無線通信方法、及び無線通信システムWireless communication method and wireless communication system
　本発明は、無線通信方法、及び無線通信システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a wireless communication method and a wireless communication system.
　無線基地局と無線端末と間の接続制御において、ブロックチェーン技術を用いて接続制御を分散処理する無線通信システムが知られている（例えば、非特許文献１参照）。 In connection control between a wireless base station and a wireless terminal, a wireless communication system is known that uses blockchain technology to perform distributed processing of connection control (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
　従来の技術では、無線端末（ユーザ端末）が自律的に接続先の無線基地局を決定するため、特定の無線基地局（例えば、接続コストが低い無線基地局）に接続する無線端末が偏り、無線通信システム全体の無線リソースの利用効率が低下してしまう場合がある。 In conventional technology, wireless terminals (user terminals) autonomously decide which wireless base station to connect to, so wireless terminals are biased in connecting to a specific wireless base station (for example, a wireless base station with low connection cost). The usage efficiency of radio resources in the entire radio communication system may decrease.
　本発明の実施形態は、上記の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、無線通信システム全体の無線リソースの利用効率を改善する。 The embodiments of the present invention have been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and improve the utilization efficiency of radio resources in the entire radio communication system.
　上記の課題を解決するため、本発明の実施形態に係る無線通信方法は、無線基地局が、前記無線基地局の接続条件をブロードキャスト送信する送信処理と、前記接続条件に基づいて前記無線基地局に接続を要求する無線端末との接続を、複数の無線基地局が共有するブロックチェーンを用いて管理する管理処理と、前記ブロックチェーンの台帳情報を用いて、他の無線基地局の正規化した混雑度合いを算出する算出処理と、前記正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、前記無線基地局の前記接続条件を変更する変更処理と、を実行する。 In order to solve the above problems, a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transmission process in which a wireless base station broadcasts connection conditions of the wireless base station, and a transmission process in which a wireless base station broadcasts connection conditions of the wireless base station based on the connection conditions. A management process that uses a blockchain shared by multiple wireless base stations to manage connections with wireless terminals that request connection to a wireless base station, and a management process that uses a blockchain shared by multiple wireless base stations to normalize connections with other wireless base stations using the ledger information of the blockchain. A calculation process for calculating the degree of congestion and a change process for changing the connection condition of the wireless base station based on the normalized degree of congestion are executed.
　本発明の実施形態によれば、無線通信システム全体の無線リソースの利用効率を改善することができる。 According to the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to improve the utilization efficiency of radio resources of the entire radio communication system.
本実施形態に係る無線通信システムのシステム構成の例を示す図である。1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a system configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. 本実施形態に係るブロックチェーンネットワークについて説明するため図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a blockchain network according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る無線基地局の機能構成の例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a wireless base station according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る無線端末の機能構成の例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a wireless terminal according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る無線基地局の処理の例を示すフローチャートである。3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing by a wireless base station according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る無線端末の処理の例を示すフローチャートである。3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing by a wireless terminal according to the present embodiment. 実施例１に係る算出部の機能構成の例を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a calculation unit according to the first embodiment. 実施例１に係る接続条件の変更処理の例を示すフローチャートである。7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of connection condition changing processing according to the first embodiment. 実施例１に係る接続条件の変更処理の具体的な一例を示す図である。7 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of connection condition changing processing according to the first embodiment. FIG. 実施例２に係る接続条件の変更処理の例を示すフローチャートである。7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of connection condition changing processing according to the second embodiment. 実施例２に係る接続条件の変更処理の具体的な一例を示す図である。7 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of connection condition changing processing according to the second embodiment. FIG. 本実施形態に係る無線基地局、及び無線端末のハードウェア構成の例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a wireless base station and a wireless terminal according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る無線通信方法の効果の例について説明するための図（１）である。FIG. 2 is a diagram (1) for explaining an example of the effect of the wireless communication method according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る無線通信方法の効果の例について説明するための図（２）である。FIG. 3 is a diagram (2) for explaining an example of the effect of the wireless communication method according to the present embodiment. ブロックチェーンを利用した無線通信システムの処理の概要について説明するための図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an overview of processing of a wireless communication system using blockchain. ブロックチェーンを利用した無線通信システムの課題について説明するための図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining issues of a wireless communication system using blockchain.
　以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態（本実施形態）を説明する。以下で説明する実施形態は一例に過ぎず、本発明が適用される実施形態は、以下の実施形態に限られない。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention (this embodiment) will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are merely examples, and the embodiments to which the present invention is applied are not limited to the following embodiments.
　＜概要＞
　初めに、本実施形態の前提となるブロックチェーンを利用した無線通信システムの概要について説明する。無線通信システムは、無線基地局と無線端末との接続処理の際に、ブロックチェーン技術を用いて分散的に接続処理を行うことにより、集中管理によらずに、無線基地局に無線端末を接続可能なシステムである。 <Summary>
First, an overview of a wireless communication system using blockchain, which is the premise of this embodiment, will be explained. Wireless communication systems connect wireless terminals to wireless base stations without centralized management by using blockchain technology to perform connection processing in a distributed manner when connecting wireless base stations and wireless terminals. This is a possible system.
　（処理の概要）
　図１５は、ブロックチェーンを利用した無線通信システムの処理の概要について説明するための図である。無線通信システムでは、無線基地局１０に無線端末２０が接続する接続処理において、無線基地局１０と無線端末２０との間でトランザクションデータ２を作成する（ステップＳ１）。例えば、無線端末２０は、無線基地局１０がブロードキャスト送信する接続条件を受信して、無線基地局１０が提供する無線通信ネットワークの通信品質、及び接続コスト等を確認する。一方、無線基地局１０は、無線端末２０に十分な支払能力があるか等を確認する。また、無線基地局１０と無線端末２０との間で接続条件に関する合意が得られた場合、無線基地局１０は、合意内容をトランザクションデータ２に記録する。 (Processing overview)
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an overview of processing of a wireless communication system using blockchain. In the wireless communication system, transaction data 2 is created between the wireless base station 10 and the wireless terminal 20 in a connection process in which the wireless terminal 20 connects to the wireless base station 10 (step S1). For example, the wireless terminal 20 receives the connection conditions broadcasted by the wireless base station 10, and checks the communication quality, connection cost, etc. of the wireless communication network provided by the wireless base station 10. On the other hand, the wireless base station 10 checks whether the wireless terminal 20 has sufficient ability to pay. Further, when an agreement regarding connection conditions is obtained between the wireless base station 10 and the wireless terminal 20, the wireless base station 10 records the content of the agreement in the transaction data 2.
　なお、無線基地局１０が提供する無線通信ネットワークの通信品質には、例えば、スループット、又は総データ量等が含まれる。無線端末２０は、無線基地局１０が提供する通信品質が、無線端末２０が要求する通信品質を全て満たしている場合に接続条件に合意するものであってもよい。或いは、無線端末２０は、無線基地局１０が提供する通信品質が、無線端末２０が要求する通信品質の一部を満たしている場合に接続条件に合意するものであってもよい。 Note that the communication quality of the wireless communication network provided by the wireless base station 10 includes, for example, throughput, total data amount, etc. The wireless terminal 20 may agree to the connection conditions when the communication quality provided by the wireless base station 10 satisfies all the communication quality required by the wireless terminal 20. Alternatively, the wireless terminal 20 may agree to the connection conditions when the communication quality provided by the wireless base station 10 satisfies a part of the communication quality required by the wireless terminal 20.
　無線基地局１０は、接続処理で作成したトランザクションデータ２を、ブロックチェーンネットワーク３０に参加するノードへ拡散する（ステップＳ２）。ブロックチェーンネットワーク３０には、トランザクションデータ２をブロック単位でまとめて記録し、複数のブロックを時系列に記録したブロックチェーン（分散型台帳）を共有する複数のノードが含まれる。この複数のノードには、無線通信システムを構成する複数の無線基地局１０が含まれる。なお、複数のノードには、無線基地局１０以外のノード（コンピュータ、又は無線端末等）が含まれていてもよい。 The wireless base station 10 spreads the transaction data 2 created in the connection process to the nodes participating in the blockchain network 30 (step S2). The blockchain network 30 includes a plurality of nodes that collectively record transaction data 2 in blocks and share a blockchain (distributed ledger) in which a plurality of blocks are recorded in chronological order. The plurality of nodes include a plurality of wireless base stations 10 that constitute a wireless communication system. Note that the plurality of nodes may include nodes (computers, wireless terminals, etc.) other than the wireless base station 10.
　ブロックチェーンネットワーク３０は、トランザクションデータ２が通知されると、ブロックチェーンネットワーク３０に参加する一部のノード（例えば、無線基地局１０ｘ）が、他のトランザクションデータと併せてブロック３を生成する（ステップＳ３）。また、ブロックチェーンネットワーク３０は、ブロック３を生成した後に、生成したブロック３を、ブロックチェーンネットワーク３０に含まれる各ノードが有するブロックチェーン４０に追加する（ステップＳ４）。 When the blockchain network 30 is notified of the transaction data 2, some nodes (for example, the wireless base station 10x) participating in the blockchain network 30 generate a block 3 together with other transaction data (step S3). Furthermore, after generating the block 3, the blockchain network 30 adds the generated block 3 to the blockchain 40 possessed by each node included in the blockchain network 30 (step S4).
　各ノードのブロックチェーン４０は、追加されたブロックを保留し、所定の数のブロック（検証ブロック）がブロックチェーンにさらに追加された後に、保留中のブロックを受け入れることにより契約成立となる（ステップＳ５）。無線基地局１０は、契約成立後に、無線端末２０との通信を開始する（ステップＳ６）。 The blockchain 40 of each node reserves the added block, and after a predetermined number of blocks (verification blocks) are further added to the blockchain, the contract is established by accepting the pending block (step S5 ). After the contract is established, the wireless base station 10 starts communication with the wireless terminal 20 (step S6).
　上記の処理により、無線通信システムは、無線通信システムを集中制御する制御局等によらずに、分散制御により、無線基地局１０と無線端末２０との間の接続処理を実行することができる。 Through the above processing, the wireless communication system can perform connection processing between the wireless base station 10 and the wireless terminal 20 through distributed control, without relying on a control station or the like that centrally controls the wireless communication system.
　（課題について）
　上記の無線通信システムでは、無線端末２０が、1つ以上の無線基地局１０が送信する接続条件を確認し、接続を要求する無線基地局１０を決定するという、無線端末（ユーザ端末）２０主導の制御手順となっている。 (About the assignment)
In the above wireless communication system, the wireless terminal (user terminal) 20 takes the lead in that the wireless terminal 20 checks the connection conditions transmitted by one or more wireless base stations 10 and determines the wireless base station 10 with which to request connection. This is the control procedure.
　しかし、無線端末２０主導の制御手順では、特定の無線基地局１０に接続する無線端末２０が偏り、無線通信システム全体の無線リソースの利用効率が低下してしまう場合がある。 However, in the control procedure led by the wireless terminal 20, the wireless terminals 20 connected to a specific wireless base station 10 may be biased, and the efficiency of using the wireless resources of the entire wireless communication system may decrease.
　図１６は、ブロックチェーンを利用した無線通信システムの課題について説明するための図である。図１６の例では、無線通信システム１は、説明用の一例として、複数の無線基地局１０ａ、１０ｂ、１０ｃを含む。なお、無線基地局には、屋内用の無線基地局１０ｃが含まれていてもよい（含まれていなくてもよい）。 FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the problems of wireless communication systems using blockchain. In the example of FIG. 16, the wireless communication system 1 includes a plurality of wireless base stations 10a, 10b, and 10c as an example for explanation. Note that the wireless base stations may (or may not) include the indoor wireless base station 10c.
　図１６において、無線基地局１０ａは、ネットワークセル１１ａを形成しており、ネットワークセル１１ａ内にある無線端末２０ａ、２０ｂ、２０ｃ、２０ｆと通信可能であるものとする。無線基地局１０ｂは、ネットワークセル１１ｂを形成しており、ネットワークセル１１ｂ内にある無線端末２０ｂ、２０ｅと通信可能であるものとする。無線基地局１０ｃは、ネットワークセル１１ｃを形成しており、ネットワークセル１１ｃ内にある無線端末２０ｃ、２０ｄと通信可能であるものとする。 In FIG. 16, it is assumed that the wireless base station 10a forms a network cell 11a and is capable of communicating with wireless terminals 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20f within the network cell 11a. It is assumed that the wireless base station 10b forms a network cell 11b and is capable of communicating with wireless terminals 20b and 20e within the network cell 11b. It is assumed that the wireless base station 10c forms a network cell 11c and is capable of communicating with wireless terminals 20c and 20d within the network cell 11c.
　この状態で、各無線端末２０が、自律的に接続先の無線基地局を決定すると、例えば、図１６に示すように、特定の無線基地局１０ａに、接続する無線端末２０ａ、２０ｂ、２０ｃが集中してしまう場合がある。さらに、無線端末２０ｆが、新たに通信を開始するときに、例えば、より近くにある無線基地局１０ａに接続してしまうと、無線通信システム１全体の無線リソースの利用効率が、さらに低下してしまう恐れがある。 In this state, when each wireless terminal 20 autonomously determines the wireless base station to which it will connect, for example, as shown in FIG. You may become concentrated. Furthermore, if the wireless terminal 20f connects to a nearby wireless base station 10a when starting a new communication, for example, the wireless resource usage efficiency of the entire wireless communication system 1 will further decrease. There is a risk of it being stored away.
　そこで、本実施形態では、無線通信システム全体の無線リソースの利用効率を改善する無線通信方法、及び無線通信システムについて説明する。 Therefore, in this embodiment, a wireless communication method and a wireless communication system that improve the utilization efficiency of wireless resources of the entire wireless communication system will be described.
　＜システム構成＞
　図１は、本実施形態に係る無線通信システムのシステム構成の例を示す図である。図１に示すように、無線通信システム１００は、互いに異なるネットワークセルを形成する複数の無線基地局１１０ａ、１１０ｂ、１１０ｃ、１１０ｄ、１１０ｅ、・・・を含む。例えば、無線基地局１１０ａは、ネットワークセル１１１ａを形成しており、ネットワークセル１１１ａ内にある無線端末１２０ｂと通信可能である。また、無線基地局１１０ｂは、ネットワークセル１１１ｂを形成しており、ネットワークセル１１１ｂ内にある無線端末１２０ａと通信可能である。同様に、無線基地局１１０ｃはネットワークセル１１１ｃを形成しており、ネットワークセル１１１ｃ内にある無線端末１２０ｂ、１２０ｃ、１２０ｄと通信可能である。さらに、無線基地局１１０ｄは、ネットワークセル１１１ｄを形成しており、無線基地局１１０ｅは、ネットワークセル１１１ｅを形成している。 <System configuration>
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the system configuration of a wireless communication system according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the wireless communication system 100 includes a plurality of wireless base stations 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, . . . that form mutually different network cells. For example, the wireless base station 110a forms a network cell 111a and can communicate with a wireless terminal 120b located within the network cell 111a. Furthermore, the wireless base station 110b forms a network cell 111b, and is capable of communicating with a wireless terminal 120a located within the network cell 111b. Similarly, the wireless base station 110c forms a network cell 111c and can communicate with wireless terminals 120b, 120c, and 120d within the network cell 111c. Furthermore, the radio base station 110d forms a network cell 111d, and the radio base station 110e forms a network cell 111e.
　なお、以下の説明において、無線基地局１１０ａ、１１０ｂ、１１０ｃ、１１０ｄ、１１０ｅ、・・・のうち、任意の無線基地局を示す場合、「無線基地局１１０」を用いる。また、無線端末１２０ａ、１２０ｂ、１２０ｃ、１２０ｄのうち、任意の無線端末を示す場合、「無線端末１２０」を用いる。図１に示した無線基地局１１０の数、及び無線端末１２０の数は一例であり、他の数であってよい。 In the following description, "wireless base station 110" is used to refer to any wireless base station among the wireless base stations 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, . Further, when referring to any wireless terminal among the wireless terminals 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d, "wireless terminal 120" is used. The number of wireless base stations 110 and the number of wireless terminals 120 shown in FIG. 1 are merely examples, and other numbers may be used.
　複数の無線基地局１１０は、例えば、図２に示すように、ブロックチェーンネットワーク２００に参加するノードとしても機能し、複数の無線基地局１１０が同じブロックチェーンを共有している。ここで、ブロックチェーンネットワーク２００は、各ノードが、サーバ等を介さずに、他のノードと対等にデータを送受信可能なＰ２Ｐ（Peer-to-Peer）ネットワーク（分散型のネットワーク）である。ブロックチェーンは、Ｐ２Ｐネットワークに参加する複数のノードが、２つの当事者間の取引等を検証可能かつ恒久的な方法で記録する分散型台帳である。なお、ブロックチェーンネットワーク３０には、無線基地局１１０以外のノード（例えば、他のコンピュータ、無線端末等）が含まれていてもよい。 For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the multiple wireless base stations 110 also function as nodes that participate in the blockchain network 200, and the multiple wireless base stations 110 share the same blockchain. Here, the blockchain network 200 is a P2P (Peer-to-Peer) network (distributed network) in which each node can send and receive data equally with other nodes without using a server or the like. A blockchain is a distributed ledger in which multiple nodes participating in a P2P network record transactions, etc. between two parties in a verifiable and permanent manner. Note that the blockchain network 30 may include nodes other than the wireless base station 110 (for example, other computers, wireless terminals, etc.).
　各無線基地局１１０は、無線端末１２０との接続を、ブロックチェーンを利用して管理する。例えば、各無線基地局１１０は、図１５で説明したトランザクションデータ２等を、複数の無線基地局１１０が共有するブロックチェーンに記録して管理する。これにより、無線基地局１１０は、ブロックチェーンを参照して、他の無線基地局１１０に関する情報を取得することができる。 Each wireless base station 110 manages connections with wireless terminals 120 using blockchain. For example, each wireless base station 110 records and manages transaction data 2 and the like described in FIG. 15 in a blockchain shared by multiple wireless base stations 110. Thereby, the wireless base station 110 can obtain information regarding other wireless base stations 110 by referring to the blockchain.
　（処理の概要）
　ここで、図１に戻り、本実施形態に係る無線通信システム１００の処理の概要について説明する。 (Processing overview)
Now, returning to FIG. 1, an overview of the processing of the wireless communication system 100 according to this embodiment will be explained.
　各無線基地局１１０は、自局に接続するための接続条件を、自局のネットワークセル１１１内にある無線端末１２０にブロードキャスト送信する。この接続条件には、例えば、提供する通信品質、及び無線基地局１１０に接続するための接続コスト（接続料金）等の情報が含まれる。 Each wireless base station 110 broadcasts connection conditions for connecting to the wireless base station 110 to the wireless terminals 120 within the network cell 111 of the wireless base station. The connection conditions include, for example, information such as the communication quality to be provided and the connection cost (connection fee) for connecting to the wireless base station 110.
　通信を開始する無線端末１２０は、周辺の無線基地局１１０が送信する接続条件を受信し、接続条件に基づいて、接続を要求する無線基地局１１０を決定する。例えば、無線端末１２０は、接続条件を受信した１つ以上の無線基地局１１０のうち、無線端末１２０が要求する通信品質を満たしており、かつ接続コストが最も低い無線基地局１１０を、接続を要求する無線基地局１１０に決定する。 A wireless terminal 120 that starts communication receives connection conditions transmitted by nearby wireless base stations 110, and determines a wireless base station 110 with which to request connection based on the connection conditions. For example, the wireless terminal 120 selects a wireless base station 110 that satisfies the communication quality required by the wireless terminal 120 and has the lowest connection cost among the one or more wireless base stations 110 that have received connection conditions. The wireless base station 110 to be requested is determined.
　しかし、この方法だけでは、図１５、１６で説明した無線通信システム１と同様に、特定の無線基地局１１０にトラフィックが集中してしまう場合がある。例えば、図１において、無線端末１２０ａは、無線基地局１１０に接続しており、無線端末１２０ｃ、１２０ｄは、無線基地局１１０ｃに接続しているものとする。 However, if only this method is used, traffic may concentrate on a specific wireless base station 110, similar to the wireless communication system 1 described in FIGS. 15 and 16. For example, in FIG. 1, assume that wireless terminal 120a is connected to wireless base station 110, and wireless terminals 120c and 120d are connected to wireless base station 110c.
　この状態で、無線端末１２０ｂが新たに通信を開始する場合、従来の技術では、無線基地局１１０ｃの混雑度を下げるために、無線端末１２０ｂが、より混雑度が低い無線基地局１１０ａに接続するように制御することは困難である。例えば、図１５、１６で説明した無線通信方法では、図１の無線端末１２０ｂを、より混雑度が低い無線基地局１１０ａに優先的に接続させることはできない。 In this state, when the wireless terminal 120b starts a new communication, in order to reduce the congestion level of the wireless base station 110c, the wireless terminal 120b connects to the less congested wireless base station 110a. It is difficult to control as such. For example, in the wireless communication method described in FIGS. 15 and 16, it is not possible to preferentially connect the wireless terminal 120b in FIG. 1 to the wireless base station 110a, which is less congested.
　また、無線通信システム１を統括する制御局の集中制御により、全ての無線端末１２０に対して、最適な接続先を制御することは、無線基地局１１０、及び無線端末１２０の数が増えると処理量が膨大となるため現実的ではない。 In addition, controlling the optimal connection destination for all wireless terminals 120 through centralized control of the control station that oversees the wireless communication system 1 becomes difficult as the number of wireless base stations 110 and wireless terminals 120 increases. This is not realistic as the amount would be huge.
　そこで、本実施形態に係る無線基地局１１０は、複数の無線基地局１１０が共有するブロックチェーンの台帳情報を用いて、他の無線基地局１１０の正規化した混雑度合いを算出する機能を有している。 Therefore, the wireless base station 110 according to the present embodiment has a function of calculating the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations 110 using blockchain ledger information shared by a plurality of wireless base stations 110. ing.
　一例として、無線基地局１１０は、ブロックチェーンから他の無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質（例えば、最大スループット）と、他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末の数を取得する。また、無線基地局１１０は、自局の最大通信品質と、他の無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質との比により、他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末の数を正規化して、正規化した混雑度合いを算出する。 As an example, the wireless base station 110 obtains the maximum communication quality (for example, maximum throughput) of another wireless base station 110 and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station 110 from the blockchain. Furthermore, the radio base station 110 normalizes the number of radio terminals accommodated by the other radio base station 110 based on the ratio of the maximum communication quality of its own station and the maximum communication quality of the other radio base station 110. Calculate the degree of congestion.
　別の一例として、無線基地局１１０は、ブロックチェーンから他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質と、他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末の数を取得する。また、無線基地局１１０は、自局が収容する無線端末の数と他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末の数との比により、他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質を正規化して、正規化した混雑度合いを算出してもよい。 As another example, the wireless base station 110 obtains the average communication quality of other wireless base stations 110 and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base stations 110 from the blockchain. Furthermore, the radio base station 110 normalizes the average communication quality of other radio base stations 110 based on the ratio of the number of radio terminals accommodated by the radio base station 110 and the number of radio terminals accommodated by the other radio base stations 110. , a normalized degree of congestion may be calculated.
　また、無線基地局１１０は、自局と他の無線基地局１１０の正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、自局の接続コストを制御する機能を有している。例えば、無線基地局１１０は、自局より他の無線基地局１１０の正規化した混雑度合いが高い場合、自局の接続コストを下げる。或いは、無線基地局１１０は、自局より他の無線基地局１１０の正規化した混雑度合いが低い場合、自局の接続コストを上げる。 Furthermore, the wireless base station 110 has a function of controlling the connection cost of the wireless base station 110 based on the normalized degree of congestion between the wireless base station 110 and other wireless base stations 110. For example, the wireless base station 110 lowers the connection cost of the wireless base station 110 when the normalized degree of congestion of another wireless base station 110 is higher than that of the wireless base station 110. Alternatively, the wireless base station 110 increases the connection cost of the wireless base station 110 when the normalized degree of congestion of another wireless base station 110 is lower than that of the wireless base station 110.
　これにより、本実施形態に係る無線通信システム１００は、例えば、図１において、新たに通信を開始する無線端末１２０ｂが、無線基地局１１０ｃより接続コストが低い無線基地局１１０ａを、接続先として優先的に選択するように制御することができる。 As a result, in the wireless communication system 100 according to the present embodiment, for example, in FIG. 1, the wireless terminal 120b newly starting communication prioritizes the wireless base station 110a, which has a lower connection cost than the wireless base station 110c, as a connection destination. It can be controlled to select the
　なお、無線基地局１１０が、正規化した混雑度合いに代えて、例えば、自局、及び他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末の数に基づいて、自局の接続コストを制御する方法も考えられる。しかし、この方法では、無線基地局１１０ごとの性能（通信品質）の差を考慮できないため、例えば、通信品質が高い無線基地局１１０の利用効率の低下する、或いは、無線端末１２０の通信品質に差が発生する等の問題がある。 Note that there is also a method in which the wireless base station 110 controls the connection cost of its own station, for example, based on the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the wireless base station 110 and other wireless base stations 110 instead of the normalized degree of congestion. Conceivable. However, this method cannot take into account the difference in performance (communication quality) of each radio base station 110, so for example, the usage efficiency of the radio base station 110 with high communication quality may decrease, or the communication quality of the radio terminal 120 may be affected. There are problems such as differences occurring.
　一方、本実施形態に係る無線通信システム１００では、正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、自局の接続コストを制御するので、通信品質が高い無線基地局１１０の利用効率の低下を抑制するとともに、無線端末１２０の通信品質を平滑化することができる。 On the other hand, in the wireless communication system 100 according to the present embodiment, since the connection cost of the own station is controlled based on the normalized degree of congestion, a decrease in the utilization efficiency of the wireless base station 110 with high communication quality is suppressed, and Communication quality of wireless terminal 120 can be smoothed.
　＜機能構成＞
　続いて、本実施形態に係る無線基地局１１０、及び無線端末１２０の機能構成について説明する。 <Functional configuration>
Next, the functional configurations of the wireless base station 110 and the wireless terminal 120 according to this embodiment will be described.
　（無線基地局の機能構成）
　図３は、本実施形態に係る無線基地局の機能構成の例を示す図である。無線基地局１１０は、例えば、コンピュータの構成を備え、当該コンピュータが所定のプログラムを実行することにより、無線通信部３０１、送信部３０２、管理部３０３、算出部３０４、変更部３０５、記憶部３０６、及び有線通信部３０７等を実現している。なお、上記の各機能構成のうち、少なくとも一部は、ハードウェアによって実現されるものであってもよい。 (Functional configuration of wireless base station)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the wireless base station according to the present embodiment. The wireless base station 110 includes, for example, a computer configuration, and when the computer executes a predetermined program, a wireless communication section 301, a transmission section 302, a management section 303, a calculation section 304, a change section 305, and a storage section 306 are configured. , a wired communication unit 307, etc. Note that at least some of the above functional configurations may be realized by hardware.
　無線通信部３０１は、無線基地局１１０との無線通信が可能なネットワークセル１１１を形成し、無線基地局１１０に接続する無線端末１２０と無線通信を行う無線通信処理を実行する。 The wireless communication unit 301 forms a network cell 111 capable of wireless communication with the wireless base station 110, and executes wireless communication processing to perform wireless communication with a wireless terminal 120 connected to the wireless base station 110.
　送信部３０２は、無線基地局１１０に接続するための接続条件を、無線基地局１１０のネットワークセル１１１内にある無線端末１２０にブロードキャスト送信する送信処理を実行する。この接続条件には、例えば、無線基地局１１０が提供する通信品質、及び無線基地局１１０に接続するための接続コスト（接続料金）等の情報が含まれる。 The transmitting unit 302 executes a transmission process of broadcasting connection conditions for connecting to the wireless base station 110 to the wireless terminals 120 within the network cell 111 of the wireless base station 110. The connection conditions include, for example, information such as the communication quality provided by the wireless base station 110 and the connection cost (connection fee) for connecting to the wireless base station 110.
　管理部３０３は、送信部３０２が送信する接続条件に基づいて無線基地局１１０に接続する無線端末１２０の情報を、複数の無線基地局１１０が共有するブロックチェーンを用いて管理する管理処理を実行する。例えば、管理部３０３は、無線基地局１１０に接続を要求する無線端末１２０と、図１５のステップＳ１～Ｓ６で説明した一連の処理を実行することにより、他の無線基地局１１０と共有するブロックチェーン３２０に、無線端末１２０との接続情報を記録する。 The management unit 303 executes management processing for managing information on the wireless terminals 120 that connect to the wireless base station 110 based on the connection conditions transmitted by the transmitting unit 302 using a blockchain shared by a plurality of wireless base stations 110. do. For example, the management unit 303 can connect the wireless terminal 120 that requests connection to the wireless base station 110 and the blocks shared with other wireless base stations 110 by executing the series of processes described in steps S1 to S6 in FIG. 15. Connection information with the wireless terminal 120 is recorded in the chain 320.
　また、管理部３０３は、複数の無線基地局１１０が共有するブロックチェーンのノードとして、ブロックチェーンを管理する様々な処理を実行する。他の無線基地局１１０においても、同様の処理を実行することにより、ブロックチェーン３２０には、無線通信システム１００内の各無線基地局１１０に接続する無線端末１２０の情報が記録される。従って、無線基地局１１０は、ブロックチェーン３２０を参照することにより、他の無線基地局１１０に接続する無線端末１２０の情報、他の無線基地局１１０が提供する無線通信ネットワークの通信品質、及び接続コスト等の情報を取得することができる。 Furthermore, the management unit 303 executes various processes to manage the blockchain as a node of the blockchain shared by the plurality of wireless base stations 110. By executing similar processing in other wireless base stations 110, information on wireless terminals 120 connected to each wireless base station 110 in wireless communication system 100 is recorded in blockchain 320. Therefore, by referring to the blockchain 320, the wireless base station 110 can obtain information on the wireless terminals 120 that connect to other wireless base stations 110, the communication quality of the wireless communication network provided by the other wireless base stations 110, and the connection. Information such as costs can be obtained.
　算出部３０４は、ブロックチェーン３２０の台帳情報を用いて、他の無線基地局１１０の正規化した混雑度合いを算出する算出処理を実行する。なお、算出部３０４が実行する算出処理の具体的な処理内容については、複数の実施例を例示して後述する。 The calculation unit 304 uses the ledger information of the blockchain 320 to execute calculation processing to calculate the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations 110. Note that the specific processing contents of the calculation process executed by the calculation unit 304 will be described later by illustrating a plurality of embodiments.
　変更部３０５は、算出部３０４が算出した正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、無線基地局１１０の接続条件を変更する。例えば、変更部３０５は、自局（無線基地局１１０）が混雑している場合、自局の接続コストを上げる。また、変更部３０５自局が混雑していない場合、自局の接続コストを下げる。 The changing unit 305 changes the connection condition of the wireless base station 110 based on the normalized degree of congestion calculated by the calculating unit 304. For example, when the own station (wireless base station 110) is congested, the changing unit 305 increases the connection cost of the own station. Furthermore, when the changing unit 305's own station is not congested, the connection cost of the own station is lowered.
　ここで、接続コストは、無線端末１２０が、無線基地局１１０に接続するためのコスト（例えば、接続料金）であり、無線端末１２０は、例えば、必要な通信品質を満たしている無線基地局１１０のうち、接続コストが最も低い無線基地局１１０に優先的に接続する。 Here, the connection cost is the cost (for example, connection fee) for the wireless terminal 120 to connect to the wireless base station 110, and the wireless terminal 120, for example, Among them, the wireless base station 110 with the lowest connection cost is connected preferentially.
　なお、無線基地局１１０と無線端末１２０との間の距離が短い場合、送信電力を低減可能であり、無線基地局１１０と１２０との間の通信速度が速い場合、通信時間を短縮可能である。従って、無線端末１２０は、接続コストに加えて、無線基地局１１０からの受信信号強度、又は通信速度等を加味して、接続する無線基地局１１０を決定してもよい。 Note that when the distance between the wireless base station 110 and the wireless terminal 120 is short, the transmission power can be reduced, and when the communication speed between the wireless base stations 110 and 120 is high, the communication time can be shortened. . Therefore, the wireless terminal 120 may decide which wireless base station 110 to connect to by taking into account the strength of the received signal from the wireless base station 110, the communication speed, etc. in addition to the connection cost.
　なお、送信部３０２、管理部３０３、算出部３０４、及び変更部３０５等は、例えば、無線通信部３０１による無線通信を制御する通信制御部３１０に含まれる。 Note that the transmitting unit 302, the managing unit 303, the calculating unit 304, the changing unit 305, and the like are included in a communication control unit 310 that controls wireless communication by the wireless communication unit 301, for example.
　記憶部３０６は、例えば、無線基地局１１０が備えるストレージデバイス等に、ブロックチェーン３２０を含む、様々なデータ、情報、及びプログラム等を記憶する記憶処理を実行する。 The storage unit 306 executes storage processing to store various data, information, programs, etc., including the blockchain 320, in a storage device included in the wireless base station 110, for example.
　有線通信部３０７は、無線基地局１１０を、例えば、有線の通信ネットワークに接続し、例えば、図２に示すような、ブロックチェーンネットワーク２００に関する通信を実行する。 The wired communication unit 307 connects the wireless base station 110 to, for example, a wired communication network, and executes communication related to the blockchain network 200 as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
　（無線端末の機能構成）
　図４は、本実施形態に係る無線端末の機能構成の例を示す図である。無線端末１２０は、例えば、コンピュータの構成を備え、当該コンピュータが所定のプログラムを実行することにより、無線通信部４０１、受信部４０２、決定部４０３、接続制御部４０４、及び記憶部４０５等を実現している。なお、上記の各機能構成のうち、少なくとも一部は、ハードウェアによって実現されるものであってもよい。 (Functional configuration of wireless terminal)
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a wireless terminal according to this embodiment. The wireless terminal 120 has, for example, a computer configuration, and the computer executes a predetermined program to realize a wireless communication section 401, a reception section 402, a determination section 403, a connection control section 404, a storage section 405, etc. are doing. Note that at least some of the above functional configurations may be realized by hardware.
　無線通信部４０１は、無線通信で無線基地局１１０に接続し、データを送受信する無線通信処理を実行する。受信部４０２は、無線通信部４０１を用いて、無線基地局１１０が送信する接続条件を受信する受信処理を実行する。 The wireless communication unit 401 connects to the wireless base station 110 by wireless communication and executes wireless communication processing to transmit and receive data. The receiving unit 402 uses the wireless communication unit 401 to execute a reception process of receiving the connection conditions transmitted by the wireless base station 110.
　決定部４０３は、受信部４０２が受信した接続条件に基づいて、無線端末１２０が接続を要求する無線基地局１１０を決定する。例えば、無線端末１２０は、例えば、必要な通信品質を満たしている無線基地局１１０のうち、接続コストが最も低い無線基地局１１０に優先的に接続する。なお、無線端末１２０は、無線基地局１１０と間の距離が短い場合、送信電力を低減可能であり、無線基地局１１０と無線端末１２０との間の通信速度が速い場合、通信時間を短縮可能である。従って、無線端末１２０は、無線基地局１１０の通信品質と、接続コストとにより、接続先の無線基地局１１０を決定することが望ましい。 The determining unit 403 determines the wireless base station 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 requests connection, based on the connection conditions received by the receiving unit 402. For example, the wireless terminal 120 preferentially connects to the wireless base station 110 with the lowest connection cost among the wireless base stations 110 that satisfy the required communication quality. Note that when the distance between the wireless terminal 120 and the wireless base station 110 is short, the transmission power can be reduced, and when the communication speed between the wireless base station 110 and the wireless terminal 120 is high, the communication time can be shortened. It is. Therefore, it is preferable that the wireless terminal 120 determines the wireless base station 110 to be connected to based on the communication quality of the wireless base station 110 and the connection cost.
　接続制御部４０４は、決定部４０３が決定した接続先の無線基地局１１０に接続する接続処理を実行する。例えば、接続制御部４０４は、図１５のステップＳ１で説明した接続処理において、接続先の無線基地局１１０に接続要求を送信し、提供される無線通信サービスに関する合意等を行う。 The connection control unit 404 executes a connection process to connect to the connection destination wireless base station 110 determined by the determination unit 403. For example, in the connection process described in step S1 of FIG. 15, the connection control unit 404 transmits a connection request to the wireless base station 110 to be connected, and makes an agreement regarding the wireless communication service to be provided.
　なお、受信部４０２、決定部４０３、及び接続制御部４０４等は、例えば、無線通信部４０１による無線通信を制御する通信制御部４１０に含まれる。 Note that the receiving unit 402, the determining unit 403, the connection control unit 404, and the like are included in a communication control unit 410 that controls wireless communication by the wireless communication unit 401, for example.
　記憶部４０５は、例えば、無線端末１２０が備えるストレージデバイス等に、無線通信に必要な様々なデータ、情報、及びプログラム等を記憶する記憶処理を実行する。 The storage unit 405 executes storage processing for storing various data, information, programs, etc. necessary for wireless communication, for example, in a storage device included in the wireless terminal 120.
　＜処理の流れ＞
　続いて、本実施形態に係る無線通信方法の処理の流れについて、複数の実施例を例示して説明する。 <Processing flow>
Next, the flow of processing of the wireless communication method according to the present embodiment will be described by illustrating a plurality of examples.
　（無線基地局の処理）
　図５は、本実施形態に係る無線基地局の処理の例を示すフローチャートである。この処理は、図３で説明した無線基地局１１０が実行する処理の全体の流れを示している。 (Wireless base station processing)
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing by the wireless base station according to the present embodiment. This process shows the overall flow of the process executed by the wireless base station 110 described in FIG. 3.
　ステップＳ５０１において、無線基地局１１０の算出部３０４は、自局（無線基地局１１０）に無線端末１２０が遷移する可能性がある、１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０を特定する。 In step S501, the calculation unit 304 of the wireless base station 110 identifies one or more other wireless base stations 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 may transition to its own station (wireless base station 110).
　ステップＳ５０２において、算出部３０４は、ブロックチェーン３２０の台帳情報を用いて、ステップＳ５０１で特定した１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０の正規化した混雑度合いを算出する。ここで、正規化した混雑度合いは、一例として、無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質と、他の無線基地局の最大通信品質との比により、他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末の数を正規化した無線端末の数（正規化無線端末数）を適用することができる。別の一例として、正規化した混雑度合いは、無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末の数と、他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末数との比により、他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質を正規化した通信品質（正規化通信品質）を適用することができる。なお、正規化無線端末数、及び正規化通信品質の算出方法については後述する。 In step S502, the calculation unit 304 uses the ledger information of the blockchain 320 to calculate the normalized congestion degree of one or more other wireless base stations 110 identified in step S501. Here, the normalized degree of congestion is, for example, the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station 110, based on the ratio of the maximum communication quality of the wireless base station 110 to the maximum communication quality of other wireless base stations. The number of wireless terminals that is normalized (normalized number of wireless terminals) can be applied. As another example, the normalized degree of congestion is calculated based on the ratio of the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the wireless base station 110 and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base stations 110. Communication quality obtained by normalizing communication quality (normalized communication quality) can be applied. Note that the method for calculating the normalized number of wireless terminals and the normalized communication quality will be described later.
　ステップＳ５０３において、変更部３０５は、算出部３０４が算出した正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、自局（無線基地局１１０）の接続条件を変更する。例えば、変更部３０５は、自局が、他の無線基地局１１０より混雑している場合、自局の接続コストを上げる。なお、他の無線基地局１１０が複数ある場合、変更部３０５は、自局より混雑している他の無線基地局１１０の数が、自局より混雑していない他の無線基地局１１０の数より多い場合、自局が、他の無線基地局１１０より混雑していると判断してもよい。 In step S503, the changing unit 305 changes the connection condition of its own station (wireless base station 110) based on the normalized degree of congestion calculated by the calculating unit 304. For example, if the own station is more congested than other radio base stations 110, the changing unit 305 increases the connection cost of the own station. Note that when there are multiple other radio base stations 110, the changing unit 305 changes the number of other radio base stations 110 that are more congested than the own station to the number of other radio base stations 110 that are less congested than the own station. If the number of wireless base stations 110 is more than that, it may be determined that the local station is more congested than other wireless base stations 110.
　また、変更部３０５は、自局が、他の無線基地局１１０より混雑していない場合、自局の接続コストを下げる。なお、他の無線基地局１１０が複数ある場合、変更部３０５は、自局より混雑している他の無線基地局１１０の数が、自局より混雑していない他の無線基地局１１０の数より少ない場合、自局が、他の無線基地局１１０より混雑していないと判断してもよい。 Furthermore, the changing unit 305 lowers the connection cost of the own station when the own station is less congested than the other wireless base stations 110. Note that when there are multiple other radio base stations 110, the changing unit 305 changes the number of other radio base stations 110 that are more congested than the own station to the number of other radio base stations 110 that are less congested than the own station. If the number is less, it may be determined that the local station is less congested than other wireless base stations 110.
　ステップＳ５０４において、送信部３０２は、無線通信部３０１を用いて、接続条件をブロードキャスト送信する。例えば、送信部３０２は、自局（無線基地局１１０）が提供する無線通信の通信品質、及び接続コスト等の情報を含む接続条件を含む報知メッセージを、無線通信で定期的に送信する。 In step S504, the transmitter 302 uses the wireless communication unit 301 to broadcast the connection conditions. For example, the transmitting unit 302 periodically transmits, by wireless communication, a notification message that includes connection conditions including information such as communication quality of wireless communication provided by the own station (wireless base station 110) and connection cost.
　ステップＳ５０５において、管理部３０３は、無線通信部３０１が、無線端末１２０から接続要求を受信したか否かを判断し、接続要求を受信した場合、ステップＳ５０６以降の処理を実行する。 In step S505, the management unit 303 determines whether the wireless communication unit 301 has received a connection request from the wireless terminal 120, and if it has received a connection request, executes the processes from step S506 onwards.
　ステップＳ５０６に移行すると、管理部３０３は、ブロックチェーン３２０を用いて、例えば、図１５のステップＳ１～Ｓ６で説明した接続処理を実行する。 When proceeding to step S506, the management unit 303 uses the blockchain 320 to execute, for example, the connection process described in steps S1 to S6 of FIG. 15.
　ステップＳ５０７において、管理部３０３は、無線端末１２０との接続契約が成立したか否かを判断し、接続契約が成立した場合、処理をステップＳ５０８に移行させる。一方、接続契約が成立していない場合、管理部３０３は、処理をステップＳ５０４に戻す。 In step S507, the management unit 303 determines whether a connection contract with the wireless terminal 120 has been established, and if the connection contract has been established, the process moves to step S508. On the other hand, if the connection contract has not been established, the management unit 303 returns the process to step S504.
　ステップＳ５０８に移行すると、無線基地局１１０は、接続要求を送信した無線端末１２０と通信を開始し、処理をステップＳ５０４に戻す。また、ステップＳ５０９において、無線基地局１１０は、通信が完了すると、処理をステップＳ５０４に戻す。 When proceeding to step S508, the wireless base station 110 starts communication with the wireless terminal 120 that sent the connection request, and returns the process to step S504. Furthermore, in step S509, upon completion of communication, the wireless base station 110 returns the process to step S504.
　なお、算出部３０４は、例えば、ステップＳ５０７～Ｓ５１１の処理と並行して、ステップＳ５１０の処理を実行する。 Note that, for example, the calculation unit 304 executes the process of step S510 in parallel with the processes of steps S507 to S511.
　ステップＳ５１０において、算出部３０４は、前回、ステップＳ５０１～Ｓ５０３の処理５００を実行してから、所定の時間を経過したか否かを判断する。ここで、所定の時間は、予め設定された接続コストの更新間隔である。所定の時間を経過した場合、算出部３０４は、ステップＳ５０１～Ｓ５０３の処理５００を再び実行する。所定の時間を経過していない場合、算出部３０４は、処理をステップＳ５０４に戻すことにより、所定の時間を経過するまで待機する。 In step S510, the calculation unit 304 determines whether a predetermined time has elapsed since the process 500 of steps S501 to S503 was last executed. Here, the predetermined time is a preset connection cost update interval. If the predetermined time has elapsed, the calculation unit 304 executes the process 500 of steps S501 to S503 again. If the predetermined time has not elapsed, the calculation unit 304 returns the process to step S504 and waits until the predetermined time elapses.
　上記の処理により、無線基地局１１０は、周辺の他の無線基地局１１０の正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、無線基地局１１０の接続条件を変更することができる。また、図５の処理を、無線通信システム１００に含まれる複数の無線基地局１１０の各々が実行することにより、無線通信システム１００全体の無線リソースの利用効率を改善することができる。 Through the above process, the wireless base station 110 can change the connection conditions of the wireless base station 110 based on the normalized congestion degree of other nearby wireless base stations 110. Further, by each of the plurality of radio base stations 110 included in the radio communication system 100 executing the process shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to improve the radio resource usage efficiency of the entire radio communication system 100.
　（無線端末の処理）
　図６は、本実施形態に係る無線端末の処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。この処理は、図４で説明した無線端末１２０が、無線通信を開始するときに実行する処理の例を示している。 (Wireless terminal processing)
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the process flow of the wireless terminal according to this embodiment. This process is an example of the process that the wireless terminal 120 described in FIG. 4 executes when starting wireless communication.
　ステップＳ６０１において、受信部４０２は、無線基地局１１０がブロードキャスト送信する接続条件を受信する。この接続条件には、前述したように、無線基地局１１０が提供する無線通信の通信品質、及び接続コスト等の情報が含まれる。 In step S601, the receiving unit 402 receives the connection conditions broadcasted by the wireless base station 110. As described above, this connection condition includes information such as the communication quality of wireless communication provided by the wireless base station 110 and the connection cost.
　ステップＳ６０２において、決定部４０３は、受信部４０２が受信した接続条件に基づいて、無線端末１２０が接続を要求する無線基地局１１０を決定する。例えば、決定部４０３は、必要な通信品質を満たす無線基地局１１０のうち、最も接続コストが低い無線基地局１１０を、接続を要求する無線基地局１１０に決定してもよい。また、接続コストが等しい複数の無線基地局１１０がある場合、決定部４０３は、最も通信品質が高い無線基地局１１０を、接続を要求する無線基地局１１０に決定してもよい。 In step S602, the determining unit 403 determines the wireless base station 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 requests connection, based on the connection conditions received by the receiving unit 402. For example, the determining unit 403 may determine the wireless base station 110 with the lowest connection cost among the wireless base stations 110 that satisfy the required communication quality as the wireless base station 110 that requests connection. Furthermore, when there are multiple wireless base stations 110 with the same connection cost, the determining unit 403 may determine the wireless base station 110 with the highest communication quality as the wireless base station 110 requesting connection.
　ステップＳ６０３において、接続制御部４０４は、決定部４０３が決定した無線基地局１１０に、無線通信の接続を要求する接続要求を送信する。この接続要求を受信した無線基地局１１０は、図５のステップＳ５０６の処理を実行する。 In step S603, the connection control unit 404 transmits a connection request requesting a wireless communication connection to the wireless base station 110 determined by the determination unit 403. The wireless base station 110 that has received this connection request executes the process of step S506 in FIG. 5.
　ステップＳ６０４において、接続制御部４０４は、無線基地局１１０との接続契約が成立したか否かを判断し、接続契約が成立した場合、処理をステップＳ６０５に移行させる。一方、接続契約が成立していない場合、無線端末１２０は、図６の処理を終了する。 In step S604, the connection control unit 404 determines whether a connection contract with the wireless base station 110 has been established, and if the connection contract has been established, the process moves to step S605. On the other hand, if the connection contract has not been established, the wireless terminal 120 ends the process of FIG.
　ステップＳ６０５に移行すると、無線端末１２０は、接続先の無線基地局１１０と通信を開始し、ステップＳ６０６において、通信が完了すると、図６の処理を終了する。 In step S605, the wireless terminal 120 starts communication with the wireless base station 110 to which it is connected, and in step S606, when the communication is completed, the process in FIG. 6 ends.
　上記の処理により、無線端末１２０は、周辺にある無線基地局１１０のうち、接続コストがより低い無線基地局１１０に優先的に接続することができる。 Through the above processing, the wireless terminal 120 can preferentially connect to a wireless base station 110 with a lower connection cost among the nearby wireless base stations 110.
　なお、無線端末１２０は、通信中に通信品質が劣化した場合、図６の処理を再び実行して、新たな無線基地局１１０に接続先を切り替えてもよい。また、無線端末１２０は、通信中に無線基地局１１０の接続コストが上がった場合、図６の処理を再び実行して、新たな無線基地局１１０に接続先を切り替えてもよい。 Note that if the communication quality deteriorates during communication, the wireless terminal 120 may execute the process in FIG. 6 again and switch the connection destination to a new wireless base station 110. Furthermore, if the connection cost of the wireless base station 110 increases during communication, the wireless terminal 120 may execute the process in FIG. 6 again to switch the connection destination to a new wireless base station 110.
　＜接続条件の変更処理＞
　続いて、無線基地局１１０が実行する接続条件の変更処理について、具体的な実施例を例示して説明する。 <Connection condition change process>
Next, a connection condition changing process executed by the wireless base station 110 will be described by illustrating a specific example.
　［実施例１］
　（算出部の機能構成）
　図７は、実施例１に係る算出部の機能構成の例を示す図である。算出部３０４は、例えば、特定部７０１、情報取得部７０２、及び正規化部７０３等を含む。 [Example 1]
(Functional configuration of calculation section)
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of the calculation unit according to the first embodiment. The calculation unit 304 includes, for example, a specification unit 701, an information acquisition unit 702, a normalization unit 703, and the like.
　特定部７０１は、自局（無線基地局１１０）に無線端末１２０が遷移する可能性がある１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０を特定する特定処理を実行する。例えば、特定部７０１は、ブロックチェーン３２０から、無線端末１２０の接続先の無線基地局１１０の遷移情報を取得し、無線端末１２０が自局に遷移したことがある他の無線基地局１１０を特定する。 The identifying unit 701 executes identifying processing to identify one or more other wireless base stations 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 may transition to the own station (wireless base station 110). For example, the identifying unit 701 acquires transition information of the wireless base station 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 is connected from the blockchain 320, and identifies other wireless base stations 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 has transitioned. do.
　具体的な例として、図１において、無線基地局１１０ａの特定部７０１は、ブロックチェーン３２０に、無線端末１２０が無線基地局１１０ｂに接続した後に無線基地局１１０ａに接続した履歴があるか否かを判断する。当該履歴がある場合、無線基地局１１０ａの特定部７０１は、無線基地局１１０ｂを、自局に無線端末１２０が遷移する可能性がある無線基地局１１０と判断する。同様の処理を他の無線基地局１１０ｃ、１１０ｄ、１１０ｅ、・・・にも実行することにより、無線基地局１１０ａの特定部７０１は、無線基地局１１０ａに隣接又は近接する他の無線基地局１１０ｂ、１１０ｃを特定することができる。 As a specific example, in FIG. 1, the identification unit 701 of the wireless base station 110a determines whether there is a history in the blockchain 320 of the wireless terminal 120 connecting to the wireless base station 110a after connecting to the wireless base station 110b. to judge. If there is such a history, the identifying unit 701 of the wireless base station 110a determines the wireless base station 110b as the wireless base station 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 may transfer. By performing similar processing on other radio base stations 110c, 110d, 110e, . , 110c can be specified.
　情報取得部７０２は、ブロックチェーン３２０から、特定部７０１が特定した他の無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質と、当該他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末１２０の数（以下、端末収容数と呼ぶ）とを取得する。他の無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質は、例えば、他の無線基地局１１０が提供する無線通信のスループットの最大値等を適用することができる。また、他の無線基地局１１０の端末収容数は、例えば、現在、他の無線基地局１１０に接続している無線端末１２０の数である。 The information acquisition unit 702 obtains from the blockchain 320 the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station 110 identified by the identifying unit 701 and the number of wireless terminals 120 accommodated by the other wireless base station 110 (hereinafter referred to as the number of terminals accommodated). ). As the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station 110, for example, the maximum value of wireless communication throughput provided by the other wireless base station 110 can be applied. Further, the number of terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station 110 is, for example, the number of wireless terminals 120 currently connected to the other wireless base station 110.
　正規化部７０３は、例えば、自局（無線基地局１１０）の最大通信品質と、他の無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質との比により、他の無線基地局１１０の端末収容数を正規化した正規化端末収容数を算出する。例えば、正規化部７０３は、次の（式１）により、正規化端末収容数を算出する。 The normalization unit 703 normalizes the number of terminals accommodated by another wireless base station 110 based on, for example, the ratio of the maximum communication quality of its own station (wireless base station 110) to the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station 110. Calculate the normalized number of terminals accommodated. For example, the normalization unit 703 calculates the normalized number of terminals accommodated using the following (Formula 1).
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000001
 　（式１）において、Ｔｍｙ＿ＢＳは自局（無線基地局１１０）の最大通信品質、Ｔｓｈｉｆｔ＿ＢＳｉは他の無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質、Ｕｉは他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末１２０の数（以下、端末収容数と呼ぶ）である。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000001
 In (Formula 1), T my_BS is the maximum communication quality of the own station (wireless base station 110), T shift_BSi is the maximum communication quality of another wireless base station 110, and U i is the wireless terminal accommodated by the other wireless base station 110. 120 (hereinafter referred to as the number of terminals accommodated).
　（接続条件の変更処理）
　図８は、実施例１に係る接続条件の変更処理の例を示すフローチャートである。この処理は、例えば、図５のステップＳ５０１～Ｓ５０３の処理５００の具体的な一例を示している。 (Connection condition change process)
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of connection condition changing processing according to the first embodiment. This process shows a specific example of the process 500 of steps S501 to S503 in FIG. 5, for example.
　ステップＳ８０１において、特定部７０１は、自局（無線基地局１１０）に無線端末１２０が遷移する可能性がある、１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０を特定する。 In step S801, the identifying unit 701 identifies one or more other wireless base stations 110 to which the wireless terminal 120 may transition to the local station (wireless base station 110).
　ステップＳ８０２において、情報取得部７０２は、ブロックチェーン３２０から、特定部７０１が特定した１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質、及び端末収容数を取得する。 In step S802, the information acquisition unit 702 acquires, from the blockchain 320, the maximum communication quality and the number of terminals accommodated by one or more other wireless base stations 110 identified by the identification unit 701.
　ステップＳ８０３において、正規化部７０３は、情報取得部７０２が取得した１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０の最大通信品質、及び端末収容数を、（式１）に適用して、１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０の正規化端末収容数を算出する。 In step S803, the normalization unit 703 applies the maximum communication quality and the number of terminals accommodated of the one or more other wireless base stations 110 acquired by the information acquisition unit 702 to (Formula 1), and The normalized number of terminals accommodated by other radio base stations 110 is calculated.
　ステップＳ８０４において、変更部３０５は、自局が混雑しているか否かを判断する。例えば、変更部３０５は、自局の端末収容数（＝正規化端末収容数）が、他の無線基地局１１０の正規化端末収容数より多い場合、自局が混雑していると判断する。また、他の無線基地局１１０が複数ある場合、変更部３０５は、自局の端末収容数より正規化端末収容数が多い他の無線基地局１１０の数が、自局の端末収容数より正規化端末収容数が少ない他の無線基地局１１０がより多いときに、自局が混雑していると判断する。 In step S804, the changing unit 305 determines whether or not the local station is congested. For example, the changing unit 305 determines that the own station is congested when the number of terminals accommodated in the own station (=normalized number of accommodated terminals) is greater than the normalized number of accommodated terminals in another wireless base station 110. Further, when there are multiple other wireless base stations 110, the changing unit 305 determines that the number of other wireless base stations 110 whose normalized number of terminals accommodated is larger than the number of terminals accommodated by the own station is normalized than the number of terminals accommodated by the own station. It is determined that the local station is congested when there are more other wireless base stations 110 that can accommodate fewer terminals.
　自局が混雑している場合、変更部３０５は、処理をステップＳ８０５に移行させて、自局の接続コストを上げる。一方、自局が混雑していない場合、変更部３０５は、処理をステップＳ８０６に移行させて、自局の接続コストを下げる。 If the local station is congested, the changing unit 305 moves the process to step S805 and increases the connection cost of the local station. On the other hand, if the local station is not congested, the changing unit 305 moves the process to step S806 to reduce the connection cost of the local station.
　なお、図８のステップＳ８０５、Ｓ８０６の処理は一例である。例えば、変更部３０５は、ステップＳ８０５において、自局の接続コストを上げる場合、ステップＳ８０６において、自局の接続コストを既定値に設定してもよい。また、変更部３０５は、ステップＳ８０６において、自局の接続コストを下げる場合、ステップＳ８０５において、自局の接続コストを既定値に設定してもよい。 Note that the processing in steps S805 and S806 in FIG. 8 is an example. For example, when increasing the connection cost of the own station in step S805, the changing unit 305 may set the connection cost of the own station to a default value in step S806. Furthermore, when reducing the connection cost of the own station in step S806, the changing unit 305 may set the connection cost of the own station to a default value in step S805.
　図９は、実施例１に係る接続条件の変更処理の具体的な一例を示す図である。図９において、「自局」は、例えば、図１の無線基地局１１０ａであり、最大Ｔ（最大スループット）が１００Ｍｂｐｓ、端末収容数が１０であるものとする。また、図９において、「ＢＳ１」は、例えば、図１の無線基地局１１０ｂであり、最大Ｔが２００Ｍｂｐｓ、端末収容数が１０であるものとする。同様に、「ＢＳ２」は、例えば、図１の無線基地局１１０ｃであり、最大Ｔが３００Ｍｂｐｓ、端末収容数が１０であるものとする。 FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of connection condition changing processing according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 9, the "own station" is, for example, the wireless base station 110a in FIG. 1, and the maximum T (maximum throughput) is 100 Mbps and the number of terminals accommodated is 10. Further, in FIG. 9, "BS1" is, for example, the wireless base station 110b of FIG. 1, and the maximum T is 200 Mbps and the number of terminals accommodated is 10. Similarly, it is assumed that "BS2" is, for example, the wireless base station 110c in FIG. 1, has a maximum T of 300 Mbps, and can accommodate 10 terminals.
　この場合、自局の算出部３０４は、自局の最大Ｔ（最大通信品質の一例）「１００Ｍｂｐｓ」、ＢＳ１の最大Ｔ「２００Ｍｂｐｓ」、及びＢＳ１の端末収容数「１０」を（式１）に適用して、ＢＳ１の正規化端末収容数「５」を算出する。同様にして、自局の算出部３０４は、自局の最大Ｔ（最大通信品質の一例）「１００Ｍｂｐｓ」、ＢＳ１の最大Ｔ「３００Ｍｂｐｓ」、及びＢＳ２の端末収容数「１０」を（式１）に適用して、ＢＳ２の正規化端末収容数「３．３」を算出する。 In this case, the calculation unit 304 of the local station calculates the maximum T of the local station (an example of maximum communication quality) "100 Mbps", the maximum T of BS1 "200 Mbps", and the number of terminals accommodated by BS1 "10" into (Formula 1). By applying this, the normalized number of terminals accommodated by the BS1 is calculated as "5". Similarly, the calculation unit 304 of the own station calculates the maximum T of the own station (an example of maximum communication quality) "100 Mbps", the maximum T of BS1 "300 Mbps", and the number of terminals accommodated in BS2 "10" using (Formula 1) is applied to calculate the normalized number of terminals accommodated by BS2, which is "3.3".
　自局の変更部３０５は、自局の収容端末数（＝正規化収容端末数）「１０」と、ＢＳ１の正規化収容端末数「５」と、ＢＳ２の正規化収容端末数「３．３」とを比較して、自局が相対的に混雑していると判断し、自局の接続コストを上げる。なお、自局の接続コストの増減幅は、一定値を用いてもよいし、自局と他の無線基地局（例えば、ＢＳ１）との正規化収容端末数との差が大きいほど増減幅を大きく設定してもよい。 The change unit 305 of the own station changes the number of accommodated terminals of the own station (=normalized number of accommodated terminals) "10", the normalized number of accommodated terminals of BS1 "5", and the normalized number of accommodated terminals of BS2 "3.3". ”, determines that the local station is relatively congested, and increases the connection cost for the local station. Note that the range of increase/decrease in the connection cost of the own station may be a constant value, or the larger the difference between the normalized number of accommodated terminals between the own station and other wireless base stations (for example, BS1), the greater the range of increase/decrease. It may be set to a large value.
　なお、正規化端末収容数は算出部３０４が算出する正規化した混雑度合いの一例である。このように、無線基地局１１０は、正規化した混雑度合いとして、正規化端末収容数を利用することができる。 Note that the normalized number of accommodated terminals is an example of the normalized degree of congestion calculated by the calculation unit 304. In this way, the wireless base station 110 can use the normalized number of terminals accommodated as the normalized degree of congestion.
　［実施例２］
　（機能構成）
　実施例２に係る算出部３０４の機能構成は、図７に示した実施例１に係る算出部３０４の機能構成と同様であるが、情報取得部７０２、及び正規化部７０３の処理内容が一部異なるので、ここでは、実施例１との相違点について説明する。 [Example 2]
(Functional configuration)
The functional configuration of the calculation unit 304 according to the second embodiment is similar to the functional configuration of the calculation unit 304 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 7, but the processing contents of the information acquisition unit 702 and the normalization unit 703 are different. Since the parts are different, the differences from the first embodiment will be explained here.
　情報取得部７０２は、ブロックチェーン３２０から、特定部７０１が特定した他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質と、当該他の無線基地局１１０が収容する無線端末１２０の端末収容数とを取得する。他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質は、例えば、他の無線基地局１１０が提供する無線通信のスループットの平均値（平均Ｔ）等を適用することができる。 The information acquisition unit 702 acquires from the blockchain 320 the average communication quality of the other wireless base station 110 identified by the identification unit 701 and the number of wireless terminals 120 accommodated by the other wireless base station 110. . As the average communication quality of the other wireless base stations 110, for example, the average value (average T) of wireless communication throughput provided by the other wireless base stations 110 can be applied.
　正規化部７０３は、例えば、自局（無線基地局１１０）の端末収容数と、他の無線基地局１１０の端末収容数との比により、他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質を正規化した正規化通信品質を算出する。例えば、正規化部７０３は、次の（式２）により、正規化通信品質を算出する。 The normalization unit 703 normalizes the average communication quality of other wireless base stations 110 based on, for example, the ratio of the number of terminals accommodated in the own station (wireless base station 110) and the number of terminals accommodated in the other wireless base stations 110. Calculate the normalized communication quality. For example, the normalization unit 703 calculates the normalized communication quality using the following (Equation 2).
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000002
 　ここで、Ｕｍｙ＿ＢＳは自局（無線基地局１１０）の端末収容数、Ｕｓｈｉｆｔ＿ＢＳｉは他の無線基地局１１０の端末収容数、Ｔｉは他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質である。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000002
 Here, U my_BS is the number of terminals accommodated by the own station (radio base station 110), U shift_BSi is the number of terminals accommodated by other radio base stations 110, and T i is the average communication quality of the other radio base stations 110.
　（接続条件の変更処理）
　図１０は、実施例２に係る接続条件の変更処理の例を示すフローチャートである。この処理は、例えば、図５のステップＳ５０１～Ｓ５０３の処理５００の具体的な一例を示している。なお、図１０に示す処理のうち、ステップＳ８０１、Ｓ８０５、Ｓ８０６の処理は、図８で説明した実施例１の処理と同様なので、ここでは説明を省略する。 (Connection condition change process)
FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of connection condition changing processing according to the second embodiment. This process shows a specific example of the process 500 of steps S501 to S503 in FIG. 5, for example. Note that among the processes shown in FIG. 10, the processes in steps S801, S805, and S806 are the same as the processes in the first embodiment described in FIG. 8, so the description thereof will be omitted here.
　ステップＳ１００１において、情報取得部７０２は、ブロックチェーン３２０から、特定部７０１が特定した１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質、及び端末収容数を取得する。 In step S1001, the information acquisition unit 702 acquires, from the blockchain 320, the average communication quality and the number of terminals accommodated by one or more other wireless base stations 110 identified by the identification unit 701.
　ステップＳ１００２において、正規化部７０３は、情報取得部７０２が取得した１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０の平均通信品質、及び端末収容数を、（式２）に適用して、１つ以上の他の無線基地局１１０の正規化通信品質を算出する。 In step S1002, the normalization unit 703 applies the average communication quality and the number of terminals accommodated of the one or more other wireless base stations 110 acquired by the information acquisition unit 702 to (Equation 2), and The normalized communication quality of other wireless base stations 110 is calculated.
　ステップＳ１００３において、変更部３０５は、自局が混雑しているか否かを判断する。例えば、変更部３０５は、自局の平均通信品質（＝正規化通信品質）が、他の無線基地局１１０の正規化通信品質より悪い場合、自局が混雑していると判断する。また、他の無線基地局１１０が複数ある場合、変更部３０５は、自局の平均通信品質より正規化通信品質が良い他の無線基地局１１０の数が、自局の平均通信品質より正規化通信品質が悪い他の無線基地局１１０がより多いときに、自局が混雑していると判断する。 In step S1003, the change unit 305 determines whether or not the local station is congested. For example, if the average communication quality (=normalized communication quality) of the own station is worse than the normalized communication quality of other wireless base stations 110, the changing unit 305 determines that the own station is congested. In addition, when there are multiple other radio base stations 110, the changing unit 305 determines that the number of other radio base stations 110 whose normalized communication quality is better than the average communication quality of the own station is normalized than the average communication quality of the own station. When there are more other radio base stations 110 with poor communication quality, it is determined that the own station is congested.
　自局が混雑している場合、変更部３０５は、処理をステップＳ８０５に移行させて、自局の接続コストを上げる。一方、自局が混雑していない場合、変更部３０５は、処理をステップＳ８０６に移行させて、自局の接続コストを下げる。 If the local station is congested, the changing unit 305 moves the process to step S805 and increases the connection cost of the local station. On the other hand, if the local station is not congested, the changing unit 305 moves the process to step S806 to reduce the connection cost of the local station.
　図１１は、実施例２に係る接続条件の変更処理の具体的な一例を示す図である。図１１において、「自局」は、例えば、図１の無線基地局１１０ａであり、平均Ｔ（平均スループット）が１００Ｍｂｐｓ、端末収容数が１０であるものとする。また、図１１において、「ＢＳ１」は、例えば、図１の無線基地局１１０ｂであり、平均Ｔが２００Ｍｂｐｓ、端末収容数が１０であるものとする。同様に、「ＢＳ２」は、例えば、図１の無線基地局１１０ｃであり、平均Ｔが３００Ｍｂｐｓ、端末収容数が１０であるものとする。 FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of connection condition changing processing according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 11, the "own station" is, for example, the wireless base station 110a in FIG. 1, and assumes that the average T (average throughput) is 100 Mbps and the number of terminals accommodated is 10. Furthermore, in FIG. 11, "BS1" is, for example, the wireless base station 110b of FIG. 1, and has an average T of 200 Mbps and a terminal capacity of 10. Similarly, it is assumed that "BS2" is, for example, the wireless base station 110c in FIG. 1, has an average T of 300 Mbps, and accommodates 10 terminals.
　この場合、自局の算出部３０４は、自局の端末収容数「１０」、ＢＳ１の端末収容数「１０」、及びＢＳ１の平均Ｔ「２００Ｍｂｐｓ」を（式２）に適用して、ＢＳ１の正規化通信品質（正規化Ｔ）「２００」を算出する。同様にして、自局の算出部３０４は、自局の端末収容数「１０」、ＢＳ２の端末収容数「１０」、及びＢＳ２の平均Ｔ「３００Ｍｂｐｓ」を（式２）に適用して、ＢＳ２の正規化通信品質「３００」を算出する。 In this case, the calculation unit 304 of the own station applies the number of terminals accommodated in the own station "10", the number of terminals accommodated in BS1 "10", and the average T of BS1 "200 Mbps" to (Equation 2), Calculate normalized communication quality (normalized T) "200". Similarly, the calculation unit 304 of the own station applies the number of terminals accommodated in the own station "10", the number of terminals accommodated in BS2 "10", and the average T of BS2 "300 Mbps" to (Formula 2), The normalized communication quality of "300" is calculated.
　自局の変更部３０５は、自局の平均通信品質（＝正規化通信品質）「１００」と、ＢＳ１の正規化通信品質「２００」と、ＢＳ２の正規化通信品質「３００」とを比較して、自局が相対的に混雑していると判断し、自局の接続コストを上げる。なお、自局の接続コストの増減幅は、一定値を用いてもよいし、自局と他の無線基地局（例えば、ＢＳ１）との正規化通信品質の差が大きいほど増減幅を大きく設定してもよい。 The change unit 305 of the own station compares the average communication quality (=normalized communication quality) of the own station "100", the normalized communication quality of BS1 "200", and the normalized communication quality of BS2 "300". Therefore, it determines that its own station is relatively congested, and increases its own connection cost. Note that the range of increase/decrease in the connection cost of the own station may be set to a constant value, or the greater the difference in normalized communication quality between the own station and other wireless base stations (for example, BS1), the larger the range of increase/decrease is set. You may.
　なお、正規化通信品質は算出部３０４が算出する正規化した混雑度合いの一例である。このように、無線基地局１１０は、正規化した混雑度合いとして、正規化通信品質を利用してもよい。 Note that the normalized communication quality is an example of the normalized degree of congestion calculated by the calculation unit 304. In this way, the wireless base station 110 may use normalized communication quality as the normalized degree of congestion.
　＜ハードウェア構成例＞
　図１２は、本実施形態に係る無線基地局、及び無線端末のハードウェア構成の例を示す図である。無線基地局１１０、及び無線端末１２０は、例えば、図１２に示すようなコンピュータ１２００の構成を備えている。図１２の例では、コンピュータ１２００は、プロセッサ１２０１、メモリ１２０２、ストレージデバイス１２０３、通信装置１２０４、入力装置１２０５、出力装置１２０６、及びバスＢ等を有する。 <Hardware configuration example>
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a wireless base station and a wireless terminal according to this embodiment. The wireless base station 110 and the wireless terminal 120 include, for example, the configuration of a computer 1200 as shown in FIG. 12. In the example of FIG. 12, the computer 1200 includes a processor 1201, a memory 1202, a storage device 1203, a communication device 1204, an input device 1205, an output device 1206, a bus B, and the like.
　プロセッサ１２０１は、例えば、所定のプログラムを実行することにより、様々な機能を実現するＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）等の演算装置である。メモリ１２０２は、コンピュータ１２００が読み取り可能な記憶媒体であり、例えば、ＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）、ＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）等を含む。ストレージデバイス１２０３は、コンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体であり、例えば、ＨＤＤ（Hard Disk Drive）、ＳＳＤ（Solid State Drive）、各種の光ディスク、及び光磁気ディスク等を含み得る。 The processor 1201 is, for example, an arithmetic device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that implements various functions by executing a predetermined program. Memory 1202 is a storage medium readable by computer 1200, and includes, for example, RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), and the like. The storage device 1203 is a computer-readable storage medium, and may include, for example, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), various optical disks, magneto-optical disks, and the like.
　通信装置１２０４は、無線、又は有線のネットワークを介して他の装置と通信を行うための１つ以上のハードウェア（通信デバイス）を含む。例えば、無線基地局１１０が備えるコンピュータ１２００の通信装置１２０４は、無線通信を行うための通信デバイスと、有線通信を行うための通信デバイスとを含む。また、無線端末１２０が備えるコンピュータ１２００の通信装置１２０４は、無線通信を行うための通信デバイスを含む。 The communication device 1204 includes one or more hardware (communication devices) for communicating with other devices via a wireless or wired network. For example, the communication device 1204 of the computer 1200 included in the wireless base station 110 includes a communication device for performing wireless communication and a communication device for performing wired communication. Furthermore, the communication device 1204 of the computer 1200 included in the wireless terminal 120 includes a communication device for performing wireless communication.
　入力装置１２０５は、外部からの入力を受け付ける入力デバイス（例えば、キーボード、マウス、マイクロフォン、スイッチ、ボタン、センサ等）である。出力装置１２０６は、外部への出力を実施する出力デバイス（例えば、ディスプレイ、スピーカ、ＬＥＤランプ等）である。なお、入力装置１２０５と出力装置１２０６とは、一体となった構成（例えば、タッチパネルディスプレイ等の入出力装置）であってもよい。 The input device 1205 is an input device (eg, keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1206 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that performs output to the outside. Note that the input device 1205 and the output device 1206 may have an integrated configuration (for example, an input/output device such as a touch panel display).
　バスＢは、上記の各構成要素に共通に接続され、例えば、アドレス信号、データ信号、及び各種の制御信号等を伝送する。なお、プロセッサ１２０１は、ＣＰＵに限られず、例えば、ＤＳＰ（Digital Signal Processor）、ＰＬＤ（Programmable Logic Device）、又はＦＰＧＡ（Field Programmable Gate Array）等であってもよい。 Bus B is commonly connected to each of the above components, and transmits, for example, address signals, data signals, and various control signals. Note that the processor 1201 is not limited to a CPU, and may be, for example, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
　（補足）
　本実施形態における無線基地局１１０、及び無線端末１２０は専用装置による実現に限らず、汎用コンピュータで実現するようにしてもよい。その場合、この機能を実現するためのプログラムをコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体に記録して、この記録媒体に記録されたプログラムをコンピュータシステムに読み込ませ、実行することによって実現してもよい。なお、ここでいう「コンピュータシステム」とは、ＯＳや周辺機器等のハードウェアを含むものとする。 (supplement)
The wireless base station 110 and the wireless terminal 120 in this embodiment are not limited to being implemented by dedicated devices, but may be implemented by a general-purpose computer. In that case, a program for realizing this function may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium may be read into a computer system and executed. Note that the "computer system" herein includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices.
　また、「コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体」とは、フレキシブルディスク、光磁気ディスク、ＲＯＭ、ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ等の可搬媒体、コンピュータシステムに内蔵されるハードディスク等の様々な記憶装置を含む。さらに「コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体」とは、インターネット等のネットワークや電話回線等の通信回線を介してプログラムを送信する場合の通信線のように、短時間の間、動的にプログラムを保持するもの、その場合のサーバやクライアントとなるコンピュータシステム内部の揮発性メモリのように、一定時間プログラムを保持しているものも含んでもよい。 Furthermore, the term "computer-readable recording medium" includes various storage devices such as flexible disks, magneto-optical disks, ROMs, CD-ROMs, and other portable media, and hard disks built into computer systems. Furthermore, a "computer-readable recording medium" refers to a storage medium that dynamically stores a program for a short period of time, such as a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. It may also include a device that retains a program for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory inside a computer system that is a server or client in that case.
　また上記プログラムは、前述した機能の一部を実現するためのものであっても良く、さらに前述した機能をコンピュータシステムにすでに記録されているプログラムとの組み合わせで実現できるものであっても良く、ＰＬＤ（Programmable Logic Device）やＦＰＧＡ（Field Programmable Gate Array）等のハードウェアを用いて実現されるものであってもよい。 Further, the above-mentioned program may be one for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions, and further may be one that can realize the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system. It may be realized using hardware such as a PLD (Programmable Logic Device) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
　＜実施形態の効果＞
　計算機シミュレータを用いて本実施形態に係る無線通信方法の効果を確認した。計算条件として、図１３の表１３０１に示すような無線ＬＡＮ（Local Area Network）基地局とローカル５Ｇ（5th Generation）基地局とを、図１３示すようなエリア１３０２に配置し、エリア１３０２の中央への混雑状況を模擬した。 <Effects of embodiment>
The effects of the wireless communication method according to this embodiment were confirmed using a computer simulator. As calculation conditions, a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) base station and a local 5G (5th Generation) base station as shown in Table 1301 in FIG. 13 are placed in an area 1302 as shown in FIG. The congestion situation was simulated.
　図１４のグラフ１４０１に、「実施例１」、「比較例１」、及び「比較例２」の無線端末１２０ごとのスループットの累積分布関数（ＣＤＦ：Cumulative Distribution Function）のシミュレーション結果を示す。また、図１４の表１４０２に、「実施例１」、「比較例１」、及び「比較例２」のスループットの中央値を示す。 A graph 1401 in FIG. 14 shows the simulation results of the throughput cumulative distribution function (CDF) for each wireless terminal 120 in "Example 1", "Comparative Example 1", and "Comparative Example 2". Furthermore, a table 1402 in FIG. 14 shows the median values of throughput of "Example 1", "Comparative Example 1", and "Comparative Example 2".
　ここで、「実施例１」は、図７～９で説明したように、正規化端末収容数を利用して、各無線基地局が分散的に接続コストを制御した場合のシミュレーション結果を示している。「比較例１」は、各無線基地局が接続コストの制御を行わずに、接続コストを一定とした従来技術のシミュレーション結果を示している。「比較例２」は、正規化していない端末収容数を利用して、各無線基地局が分散的に接続コストを制御した場合のシミュレーション結果を示している。 Here, "Example 1" shows the simulation results when each wireless base station controls the connection cost in a distributed manner using the normalized number of terminals accommodated, as explained in FIGS. 7 to 9. There is. "Comparative Example 1" shows the simulation results of a conventional technique in which the connection cost was kept constant without each wireless base station controlling the connection cost. “Comparative Example 2” shows the simulation results when each wireless base station controls the connection cost in a distributed manner using the unnormalized number of terminals accommodated.
　表１４０２によれば、「比較例２」のように、正規化していない端末収容数を利用して、各無線基地局が分散的に接続コストを制御することにより、「比較例１」のような従来技術に対して、スループットの中央値を約１．６倍向上させる効果が期待できる。さらに、「実施例１」のように、端末収容数を正規化して、各無線基地局が分散的に接続コストを制御することにより、「比較例２」に対して、スループットの中央値を１．４倍向上させる効果が期待できる。 According to Table 1402, as in "Comparative Example 2," each wireless base station controls the connection cost in a distributed manner using the unnormalized number of terminals accommodated, and as in "Comparative Example 1." It can be expected that the median throughput will be improved by about 1.6 times compared to the conventional technology. Furthermore, as in "Example 1", by normalizing the number of terminals accommodated and each wireless base station controlling the connection cost in a distributed manner, the median throughput can be reduced by 1 compared to "Comparative Example 2". .It is expected that the effect will be improved by 4 times.
　以上、本実施形態によれば、無線通信システム全体の無線リソースの利用効率を改善することができる。また、本実施形態に係る無線通信システム１００では、正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、自局の接続コストを制御するので、通信品質が高い無線基地局１１０の利用効率の低下を抑制するとともに、無線端末１２０の通信品質を平滑化することができる。 As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to improve the utilization efficiency of radio resources of the entire radio communication system. Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 100 according to the present embodiment, the connection cost of the own station is controlled based on the normalized degree of congestion, so that a decrease in the utilization efficiency of the wireless base station 110 with high communication quality is suppressed, and Communication quality of wireless terminal 120 can be smoothed.
　＜実施形態のまとめ＞
　本明細書には、少なくとも下記各項の無線通信方法、及び無線通信システムが開示されている。
（第１項）
　無線基地局が、
　前記無線基地局の接続条件をブロードキャスト送信する送信処理と、
　前記接続条件に基づいて前記無線基地局に接続を要求する無線端末との接続を、複数の無線基地局が共有するブロックチェーンを用いて管理する管理処理と、
　前記ブロックチェーンの台帳情報を用いて、他の無線基地局の正規化した混雑度合いを算出する算出処理と、
　前記正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、前記無線基地局の前記接続条件を変更する変更処理と、
　を実行する、無線通信方法。
（第２項）
　前記算出処理は、
　前記ブロックチェーンから、前記他の無線基地局の最大通信品質と、前記他の無線基地局が収容する無線端末の数とを取得し、
　前記無線基地局の最大通信品質と、前記他の無線基地局の最大通信品質との比により、前記他の無線基地局が収容する無線端末の数を正規化した正規化端末収容数を、前記正規化した混雑度合いとする、
　第１項に記載の無線通信方法。
（第３項）
　前記算出処理は、
　前記ブロックチェーンから、前記他の無線基地局の平均通信品質と、前記他の無線基地局が収容する無線端末の数とを取得し、
　前記無線基地局が収容する無線端末数と、前記他の無線基地局が収容する無線端末の数との比により、前記他の無線基地局の平均通信品質を正規化した正規化通信品質を、前記正規化した混雑度合いとする、
　第１項に記載の無線通信方法。
（第４項）
　前記変更処理は、前記無線基地局より前記他の無線基地局の方が前記正規化した混雑度が高い場合、前記無線基地局の接続コストを下げる、第１項～第３項のいずれかに記載の無線通信方法。
（第５項）
　前記変更処理は、前記無線基地局より前記他の無線基地局の方が前記正規化した混雑度が低い場合、前記無線基地局の接続コストを上げる、第１項～第３項のいずれかに記載の無線通信方法。
（第６項）
　前記他の無線基地局は、前記複数の無線基地局のうち、前記無線基地局に無線端末が遷移する可能性がある１つ以上の無線基地局を含む、第１項～第３項のいずれかに記載の無線通信方法。
（第７項）
　前記他の無線基地局は、前記無線基地局に隣接又は近接する１つ以上の無線基地局を含む、第１項～第３項のいずれかに記載の無線通信方法。
（第８項）
　複数の無線基地局と、無線端末とを含む無線通信システムであって、
　前記無線基地局は、
　前記無線基地局の接続条件をブロードキャスト送信する送信部と、
　前記接続条件に基づいて前記無線基地局に接続を要求する無線端末との接続を、前記複数の無線基地局が共有するブロックチェーンを用いて管理する管理部と、
　前記ブロックチェーンの台帳情報を用いて、他の無線基地局の正規化した混雑度合いを算出する算出部と、
　前記正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、前記無線基地局の前記接続条件を変更する変更部と、
　を有し、
　前記無線端末は、
　前記接続条件を受信する受信部と、
　前記接続条件に基づいて、前記無線端末が接続を要求する前記無線基地局を決定する決定部と、
　を有する、
　無線通信システム。 <Summary of embodiments>
This specification discloses at least the following wireless communication methods and wireless communication systems.
(Section 1)
The wireless base station
a transmission process of broadcasting connection conditions of the wireless base station;
a management process that uses a blockchain shared by a plurality of wireless base stations to manage a connection with a wireless terminal that requests connection to the wireless base station based on the connection conditions;
a calculation process of calculating the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations using the blockchain ledger information;
a change process of changing the connection condition of the wireless base station based on the normalized degree of congestion;
A wireless communication method that performs
(Section 2)
The calculation process is
Obtaining the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station from the blockchain,
The normalized number of terminals accommodated by the other radio base station is normalized by the ratio of the maximum communication quality of the radio base station to the maximum communication quality of the other radio base station. Normalized congestion degree,
The wireless communication method according to item 1.
(Section 3)
The calculation process is
Obtaining from the blockchain the average communication quality of the other wireless base station and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station,
Normalized communication quality obtained by normalizing the average communication quality of the other radio base station by the ratio of the number of radio terminals accommodated by the radio base station and the number of radio terminals accommodated by the other radio base station, The normalized degree of congestion is
The wireless communication method according to item 1.
(Section 4)
The change process is performed according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, in which, if the normalized degree of congestion is higher in the other wireless base station than in the wireless base station, the connection cost of the wireless base station is reduced. Wireless communication method described.
(Section 5)
The change process may include increasing the connection cost of the wireless base station if the normalized congestion level of the other wireless base station is lower than that of the wireless base station. Wireless communication method described.
(Section 6)
The other radio base station is any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, including one or more radio base stations among the plurality of radio base stations to which a radio terminal may transition to the radio base station. The wireless communication method described in .
(Section 7)
The wireless communication method according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the other wireless base station includes one or more wireless base stations adjacent to or close to the wireless base station.
(Section 8)
A wireless communication system including a plurality of wireless base stations and a wireless terminal,
The wireless base station is
a transmitting unit that broadcasts connection conditions of the wireless base station;
a management unit that manages connection with a wireless terminal that requests connection to the wireless base station based on the connection condition using a blockchain shared by the plurality of wireless base stations;
a calculation unit that calculates the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations using the blockchain ledger information;
a changing unit that changes the connection condition of the wireless base station based on the normalized degree of congestion;
has
The wireless terminal is
a receiving unit that receives the connection conditions;
a determining unit that determines the wireless base station to which the wireless terminal requests connection based on the connection condition;
has,
Wireless communication system.
　以上、本実施形態について説明したが、本発明はかかる特定の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の要旨の範囲内において、種々の変形・変更が可能である。 Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention as described in the claims. It is.
　１００　無線通信システム
　１１０、１１０ａ～１１０ｅ　無線基地局
　１２０、１２０ａ～１２０ｄ　無線端末
　３０２　送信部
　３０３　管理部
　３０４　算出部
　３０５　変更部
　３０６　記憶部
　３２０　ブロックチェーン
　４０２　受信部
　４０３　決定部 100 wireless communication system 110, 110a to 110e wireless base station 120, 120a to 120d wireless terminal 302 transmitting unit 303 management unit 304 calculating unit 305 changing unit 306 storage unit 320 blockchain 402 receiving unit 403 determining unit

Claims (8)

  1. 　無線基地局が、
    　前記無線基地局の接続条件をブロードキャスト送信する送信処理と、
    　前記接続条件に基づいて前記無線基地局に接続を要求する無線端末との接続を、複数の無線基地局が共有するブロックチェーンを用いて管理する管理処理と、
    　前記ブロックチェーンの台帳情報を用いて、他の無線基地局の正規化した混雑度合いを算出する算出処理と、
    　前記正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、前記無線基地局の前記接続条件を変更する変更処理と、
    　を実行する、無線通信方法。     The wireless base station
    a transmission process of broadcasting connection conditions of the wireless base station;
    a management process that uses a blockchain shared by a plurality of wireless base stations to manage a connection with a wireless terminal that requests connection to the wireless base station based on the connection conditions;
    a calculation process of calculating the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations using the blockchain ledger information;
    a change process of changing the connection condition of the wireless base station based on the normalized degree of congestion;
    A wireless communication method that performs
  2. 　前記算出処理は、
    　前記ブロックチェーンから、前記他の無線基地局の最大通信品質と、前記他の無線基地局が収容する無線端末の数とを取得し、
    　前記無線基地局の最大通信品質と、前記他の無線基地局の最大通信品質との比により、前記他の無線基地局が収容する無線端末の数を正規化した正規化端末収容数を、前記正規化した混雑度合いとする、
    　請求項１に記載の無線通信方法。     The calculation process is
    Obtaining the maximum communication quality of the other wireless base station and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station from the blockchain,
    The normalized number of terminals accommodated by the other radio base station is normalized by the ratio of the maximum communication quality of the radio base station to the maximum communication quality of the other radio base station. Normalized congestion degree,
    The wireless communication method according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記算出処理は、
    　前記ブロックチェーンから、前記他の無線基地局の平均通信品質と、前記他の無線基地局が収容する無線端末の数とを取得し、
    　前記無線基地局が収容する無線端末数と、前記他の無線基地局が収容する無線端末の数との比により、前記他の無線基地局の平均通信品質を正規化した正規化通信品質を、前記正規化した混雑度合いとする、
    　請求項１に記載の無線通信方法。     The calculation process is
    Obtaining the average communication quality of the other wireless base station and the number of wireless terminals accommodated by the other wireless base station from the blockchain,
    Normalized communication quality obtained by normalizing the average communication quality of the other radio base station by the ratio of the number of radio terminals accommodated by the radio base station and the number of radio terminals accommodated by the other radio base station, The normalized degree of congestion is
    The wireless communication method according to claim 1.
  4. 　前記変更処理は、前記無線基地局より前記他の無線基地局の方が前記正規化した混雑度が高い場合、前記無線基地局の接続コストを下げる、請求項１乃至３のいずれか一項に記載の無線通信方法。 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the change process reduces the connection cost of the wireless base station when the normalized degree of congestion is higher in the other wireless base station than in the wireless base station. Wireless communication method described.
  5. 　前記変更処理は、前記無線基地局より前記他の無線基地局の方が前記正規化した混雑度が低い場合、前記無線基地局の接続コストを上げる、請求項１乃至３のいずれか一項に記載の無線通信方法。 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the change processing increases the connection cost of the wireless base station when the normalized congestion level of the other wireless base station is lower than that of the wireless base station. Wireless communication method described.
  6. 　前記他の無線基地局は、前記複数の無線基地局のうち、前記無線基地局に無線端末が遷移する可能性がある１つ以上の無線基地局を含む、請求項１乃至３のいずれか一項に記載の無線通信方法。 4. The other wireless base station according to claim 1, wherein the other wireless base station includes one or more wireless base stations among the plurality of wireless base stations to which a wireless terminal may transition to the wireless base station. The wireless communication method described in section.
  7. 　前記他の無線基地局は、前記無線基地局に隣接又は近接する１つ以上の無線基地局を含む、請求項１乃至３のいずれか一項に記載の無線通信方法。 The wireless communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the other wireless base station includes one or more wireless base stations adjacent to or close to the wireless base station.
  8. 　複数の無線基地局と、無線端末とを含む無線通信システムであって、
    　前記無線基地局は、
    　前記無線基地局の接続条件をブロードキャスト送信する送信部と、
    　前記接続条件に基づいて前記無線基地局に接続を要求する無線端末との接続を、前記複数の無線基地局が共有するブロックチェーンを用いて管理する管理部と、
    　前記ブロックチェーンの台帳情報を用いて、他の無線基地局の正規化した混雑度合いを算出する算出部と、
    　前記正規化した混雑度合いに基づいて、前記無線基地局の前記接続条件を変更する変更部と、
    　を有し、
    　前記無線端末は、
    　前記接続条件を受信する受信部と、
    　前記接続条件に基づいて、前記無線端末が接続を要求する前記無線基地局を決定する決定部と、
    　を有する、
    　無線通信システム。     A wireless communication system including a plurality of wireless base stations and a wireless terminal,
    The wireless base station is
    a transmitting unit that broadcasts connection conditions of the wireless base station;
    a management unit that manages connection with a wireless terminal that requests connection to the wireless base station based on the connection condition using a blockchain shared by the plurality of wireless base stations;
    a calculation unit that calculates the normalized congestion degree of other wireless base stations using the blockchain ledger information;
    a changing unit that changes the connection condition of the wireless base station based on the normalized degree of congestion;
    has
    The wireless terminal is
    a receiving unit that receives the connection conditions;
    a determining unit that determines the wireless base station to which the wireless terminal requests connection based on the connection condition;
    has,
    Wireless communication system.
PCT/JP2022/018407 2022-04-21 2022-04-21 Wireless communication method and wireless communication system WO2023203718A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190394648A1 (en) * 2018-06-26 2019-12-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Blockchain based wireless access point password management
US20200242603A1 (en) * 2017-12-12 2020-07-30 Apostolis Salkintzis Providing network access using blockchain payments
US20210037013A1 (en) * 2017-11-03 2021-02-04 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte Ltd User authentication using connection information provided by a blockchain network

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210037013A1 (en) * 2017-11-03 2021-02-04 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte Ltd User authentication using connection information provided by a blockchain network
US20200242603A1 (en) * 2017-12-12 2020-07-30 Apostolis Salkintzis Providing network access using blockchain payments
US20190394648A1 (en) * 2018-06-26 2019-12-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Blockchain based wireless access point password management

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