WO2023202565A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023202565A1
WO2023202565A1 PCT/CN2023/088927 CN2023088927W WO2023202565A1 WO 2023202565 A1 WO2023202565 A1 WO 2023202565A1 CN 2023088927 W CN2023088927 W CN 2023088927W WO 2023202565 A1 WO2023202565 A1 WO 2023202565A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
stack
information
operating state
link
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/088927
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贾成跃
第海兵
孔庆荣
李晨
周贵
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023202565A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023202565A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
    • H04L43/0811—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability by checking connectivity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/55—Prevention, detection or correction of errors
    • H04L49/552—Prevention, detection or correction of errors by ensuring the integrity of packets received through redundant connections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication, and in particular, to a communication method and device.
  • stacking technology can be used to connect multiple switches through stacking links to form a stacking system.
  • effects such as improving network expansion capabilities and simplifying network management can be achieved.
  • the stack when a switch in the stacking system detects that a stacking link with other switches fails, the stack can be split in time to split the stacking system into multiple independent stacking systems or switches, so that each independent stacking system or switch can The switch can independently perform service forwarding tasks.
  • the present application provides a communication method and device for enabling each switch in a stacking system to quickly detect the operating status of stacking links with other switches.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method is applied to a switch (hereinafter referred to as the "first switch" for ease of distinction).
  • the method includes: obtaining a stack link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the second switch is a switch in the same stack system as the first switch.
  • the first information is sent to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch. Wherein, the first information is used to indicate the first operating state.
  • the operating status of the stack link between the local switch and the opposite end switch can be sent to the opposite end switch through the service link between the switches in the stacking system, so that the opposite end switch can
  • the operating status of the above-mentioned stack link is directly known, and the stack can be split in time when the above-mentioned stack link fails.
  • the above method of the present application does not occupy the bandwidth resources of the stacking link between switches; on the other hand, the above method of the present application is not constrained by the timeout duration of the stacking protocol message, so it can be more efficient. Quickly trigger stack splitting, thereby reducing the impact on transmission services.
  • sending the first information to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch includes: sending the first information to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the second switch sends an LLDP message; the LLDP message carries the first information.
  • the relevant fields in the LLDP message are used to send the first information, so that the traffic can be
  • the bandwidth resources of the stack link between switches do not need to re-establish a new transmission protocol
  • the running status of the stack link is sent to the second switch.
  • the method also includes: determining whether the first operating state is normal.
  • Sending the first information to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch specifically includes: after determining that the first operating status is abnormal, sending the first information to the second switch through the first switch and the second switch.
  • the service link between the two switches sends the first information to the second switch.
  • the first switch after determining that the first operating status is abnormal, the first switch sends the first information to the second switch through the service link. In this way, when the first operating state is normal, the first information may not be sent to the second switch, thereby reducing bandwidth occupation of the transmission link.
  • the first operating state includes: the operating state of the stack port between the first switch and the second switch, and the operating state of the stack process in the first switch.
  • the running status of the stack port between the first switch and the second switch and the running status of the stacking process in the first switch can be sent to the second switch through the service link. This facilitates the second switch to perform operations such as stack splitting in a timely manner.
  • the first switch is the main switch in the stacking system, or the second switch is the main switch in the stacking system.
  • a communication method is provided, which is applied to a switch (for ease of distinction, hereafter referred to as the "second switch").
  • the method includes:
  • the first information is received through a service link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the first switch is a switch in the same stacking system as the second switch, and the first information is used to indicate the first operating state of the stack link between the first switch and the second switch. Based on the first information, stack splitting is performed.
  • receiving the first information through a service link between the first switch and the second switch includes: receiving an LLDP packet through a service link between the first switch and the second switch. message; the LLDP message carries the first information.
  • performing stack splitting based on the first information includes: determining whether the first operating state is normal based on the first information; and after determining that the first operating state is abnormal. , perform stack splitting.
  • the first operating state includes: the operating state of the stack port between the first switch and the second switch, and the operating state of the stacking process in the first switch. .
  • the first switch is a main switch in the stacking system, or the second switch is a main switch in the stacking system.
  • a communication device which is applied to a first switch.
  • the communication device includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire the first operating state of the stack link between the first switch and the second switch, wherein, The second switch is a switch in the same stack system as the first switch.
  • a sending unit configured to send first information to the second switch through a service link between the first switch and the second switch, where the first information is used to indicate the first operating state.
  • the sending unit is configured to send the first information to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch, including: the sending unit, Specifically used to send LLDP to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch. message; the LLDP message carries the first information.
  • the communication device further includes: a judgment unit configured to judge whether the first operating state is normal.
  • the sending unit is configured to send the first information to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch, specifically including: the sending unit, specifically configured to determine After the first operating state is abnormal, the first information is sent to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the first operating state includes: an operating state of a stack port between the first switch and the second switch, and an operating state of a stacking process in the first switch.
  • the first switch is a main switch in the stacking system, or the second switch is a main switch in the stacking system.
  • a communication device which is applied to a second switch.
  • the communication device includes: a receiving unit configured to receive first information through a service link between the first switch and the second switch, wherein, The first switch is a switch in the same stacking system as the second switch, and the first information is used to indicate a first operating state of the stack link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the stack management unit is configured to perform stack splitting according to the first information.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the first information through a service link between the first switch and the second switch, including: the receiving unit is specifically configured to communicate with the first switch through the first switch and the second switch.
  • the service link between the second switches receives an LLDP message; the LLDP message carries the first information.
  • the stack management unit is configured to perform stack splitting based on the first information, including: a stack management unit specifically configured to determine the first operating state based on the first information. Is it normal? The stack management unit is also specifically configured to perform stack splitting after determining that the first operating state is abnormal.
  • the first operating state includes: the operating state of the stack port between the first switch and the second switch, and the operating state of the stacking process in the first switch. .
  • the first switch is a main switch in the stacking system, or the second switch is a main switch in the stacking system.
  • a communication device including a processor and an interface.
  • the processor receives or sends data through the interface.
  • the processor is configured to implement the first aspect or any design in the first aspect or the second aspect. The method described in any one of the aspects or the second aspect.
  • a sixth aspect provides a switch, including the communication device according to any one of the third aspect, the fourth aspect, or the fifth aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided. Instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions are run on a processor, the first aspect or any one of the designs in the first aspect or the third aspect is implemented. The method described in either aspect or the second aspect is designed.
  • a computer program product includes instructions. When the instructions are run on a processor, the first aspect or any design in the first aspect or the second aspect or the second aspect is implemented. any of the methods described in the design.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication network provided by this application.
  • Figure 2 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a stacking system provided by this application.
  • FIG. 3 is one of the flow diagrams of a communication method provided by this application.
  • Figure 4 is the second structural schematic diagram of a stacking system provided by this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an LLDP message provided by this application.
  • Figure 6A is the second schematic flow chart of a communication method provided by this application.
  • Figure 6B is the third schematic flow chart of a communication method provided by this application.
  • Figure 7 is the third structural schematic diagram of a stacking system provided by this application.
  • Figure 8 is the fourth schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by this application.
  • Figure 9 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a communication device provided by this application.
  • Figure 10 is a second structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by this application.
  • Figure 11 is the third structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by this application.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish identical or similar items with basically the same functions and effects.
  • words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described in this embodiment as “exemplary” or “such as” is not intended to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “such as” is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner that is easier to understand.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication network provided in this embodiment.
  • communication networks 121 , 122 , and 123 can communicate with each other through switches 111 , 112 , and 113 .
  • the switch 111 and the switch 112 establish a stack link a through a stack cable (for example, the stack port 9/0/0 of the switch 111 and the switch 112 are respectively connected through a stack cable (not shown in Figure 1(a)), so as to After establishing the stack link a) between the switch 111 and the switch 112, the stack system 110 is formed.
  • the stacking system 110 is equivalent to a switch, as shown in (b) of Figure 1 .
  • switches By combining switches into a stacking system, on the one hand, the reliability of the network can be improved through redundant backup between multiple switches in the stacking system. On the other hand, by adding member switches to the stack system, the number of ports, bandwidth, and processing capabilities of the stack system can be quickly expanded. In addition, by building a stacking system, member switches in the stacking system can be configured and managed uniformly, thereby simplifying network management.
  • the switches in the stack system can be divided into three types: master switch, backup switch and slave switch.
  • the main switch is not only responsible for business forwarding, but also responsible for managing the entire stack system.
  • the standby switch is the backup switch of the primary switch.
  • the backup switch can take over all services of the main switch.
  • the slave switch is mainly used for business forwarding.
  • the stack All other switches in the system are slave switches.
  • the switch 111 is the master switch and the switch 112 is the backup switch (to simplify the description and facilitate understanding, the slave switch is not shown in the stack system 110).
  • the switch 111 and the switch 112 respectively include one or more main control boards for controlling the switch, where the main control boards can control the system-control cross-connect multi-protocol process (CXP).
  • CXP system-control cross-connect multi-protocol process
  • switch 111 includes CXP1/5 and CXP1/6, and switch 112 includes CXP2/5 and CXP2/6.
  • CXP1/5 is used as the system main control board for unified configuration and management of the switches in the stacking system 110
  • CXP2/5 is the backup main control board of CXP1/5.
  • CXP1/6 and CXP2/6 are cold backup main control boards.
  • CXP1/5 i.e., the system main control board
  • CXP2/5 is switched to the system main control board
  • CXP1/6 serves as the backup main control board of CXP2/5.
  • CXP2/6 remains As a cold backup main control board.
  • CXP2/5 i.e., the system main control board
  • CXP1/6 is switched to the system main control board
  • CXP2/6 serves as the backup main control board of CXP1/6. In this way, reliable operation of the stacking system 110 can be ensured.
  • the switch 111 and the switch 112 also include physical interface cards (physical interface cards, PICs) respectively.
  • PICs physical interface cards
  • stacking links can be established between switches to establish a stacking system.
  • the stack port 9/0/0 of the PIC on the switch 111 and the stack port 9/0/0 of the PIC on the switch 112 are connected through a stack cable to establish a stack link a.
  • stacking system When a stacking link between switches in the stacking system fails, the stacking system can be triggered to split, so that the stacking system is split into two independent stacking systems or switches.
  • stack link a between switch 111 and switch 112 fails stack system 110 can be split into two independent switches, so that each switch 111 and switch 112 can independently perform service forwarding.
  • stacking protocol messages are periodically sent between the master switch and other switches in a stacking system through stacking links, so that the switches can learn the operating status of each other.
  • the switch in the stack system detects that stack protocol packets have timed out, it triggers the stack system to split.
  • switch 111 regularly sends stacking protocol packets to switch 112 through stacking link a (for example, a stacking protocol packet is sent every 60 seconds), and switch 112 also regularly sends stacking protocol packets to switch 111 through stacking link a. arts.
  • a stack split is triggered.
  • a heartbeat state machine needs to be maintained between the switches in the stack system for regularly sending stack protocol messages.
  • this method needs to occupy the bandwidth of the stack link between the switches to maintain the heartbeat state machine; on the other hand, due to the related technology, when the stack link in the stack system fails, it needs to passively wait for stack protocol messages. Timeout, and then trigger stack split. Therefore, the speed of triggering stack split is slow, which will affect service transmission.
  • the operating status of the stack link between the local switch and the opposite end switch can be sent to the opposite end switch through the service link between the switches in the stacking system.
  • the peer switch can directly learn the operating status of the above-mentioned stack link, and can perform stack splitting in time when the above-mentioned stack link fails.
  • the technical solution provided by this embodiment does not occupy the bandwidth resources of the stacking link between switches; on the other hand, the technical solution provided by this embodiment will not be affected by stacking protocol messages.
  • the timeout duration is constrained, so stack splitting can be triggered faster, thereby reducing the impact on transmission services.
  • this embodiment provides a communication method, which can be applied in a stacking system of switches. Down
  • the following takes the communication process of the switch 111 and the switch 112 in the stack system 110 shown in Figures 1 and 2 as an example to introduce the communication method provided by this embodiment.
  • the communication method provided in this embodiment may include:
  • the switch 111 obtains the first operating state of the stack link a between the switch 111 and the switch 112.
  • the operating state of stack link a (for the convenience of description, the operating state of stack link a is referred to as the "first operating state" in this article) can be specifically reflected as:
  • the operating state of stack link a on switch 111 is used to establish stack link a.
  • the switch 111 sends the first information indicating the first operating state to the switch 112 through the service link between the switch 111 and the switch 112.
  • the service link between the switch 111 and the switch 112 may be any transmission link between the switch 111 and the switch 112 for transmitting service data.
  • switch 111 can send the first information to switch 112 through the service link between switch 111-switch 113-switch 112.
  • the service port 1/0/0 of the switch 111 is connected to the service port 1/0/0 of the switch 112, and a service link b is established. Then the switch 111 can send the first information to the switch 112 through the service link b.
  • switches in the same stacking system can send link layer discovery protocol (LLDP) messages through service links between switches to combine their own capabilities.
  • Information (such as device identification, interface identification, management address, etc.) is sent to other switches in the same stack system.
  • the first information can be carried in the payload of the LLDP message through the LLDP module, and the LLDP message can be sent to the switch 112 through the service link between the switch 111 and the switch 112. , to send the above-mentioned first information to the switch 112.
  • the LLDP module is a software/hardware module used in the switch 111 to perform LLDP protocol communication.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of an LLDP message. in:
  • the DA field that is, the multicast address (Multicast address), carries the destination address of the LLDP message and usually occupies 6 bytes. Normally, the value of the DA field is the multicast address 01-80-C2-00-00-0E.
  • the SA field that is, the source MAC address (Source MAC), carries the bridge MAC of the device adjacent to the device.
  • the SA can be the port MAC address of the local switch or the MAC address of the local switch.
  • the VLAN field is used to indicate that the message can be received in the same virtual local area network (VLAN) domain.
  • VLAN virtual local area network
  • the ETHtype field that is, the Ethernet type, carries the frame type and is used to indicate that the message is an LLDP message so that the receiving device can parse the message according to the LLDP protocol.
  • the value of the ETH type field is 0x88CC.
  • the LLDPDU field that is, the LLDP data unit (LLDP data unit), is used to carry payload data.
  • the switch 111 may carry the above first information in the LLDPDU field of the LLDP message and send it, so that the switch 112 obtains the first operating state of stack link a through the LLDP module.
  • FCS field which is the frame check sequence, is used to detect errors in LLDP messages. and error correction.
  • LLDPDU adopts the format of type+data length+value (type+length+value, TLV).
  • type (type) field indicates the type of this TLV
  • the data length (length) is the length of the TLV in bytes
  • the value (value) is the value of the TLV.
  • Chassis ID TLV chassis identification TLV
  • Port ID TLV port identification TLV
  • Time To Live TLV live time TLV
  • End TLV End TLV
  • 0 to more optional other TLVs can be included between the Time To Live TLV and the End Of LLDPDU TLV.
  • TLV type field is shown in Table 1 below:
  • one or more TLV types 9-126 (i.e., Reserved types) can be selected to define the first information used to indicate the operating status of the stack link between switches.
  • the TLV in order to distinguish stack link a from other stack links on switch 111 (for example, stack links between switches other than switch 112 and switch 111), the TLV also carries the identifier of stack link a. , for example, the stack port number corresponding to stack link a is 9/0/0.
  • the switch 111 may first determine whether the operating status of stack link a is normal. After it is determined that stack link a is abnormal, the first information is sent to the switch 112 through S202. In this way, when it is determined that the operating status of stack link a is normal, it is not necessary to send the first information indicating the operating status of stack link a to the switch 112, but only when it is determined that the operating status of stack link a is abnormal. 112 sends the first information, thereby saving transmission resources between the switch 111 and the switch 112.
  • the method also includes:
  • the switch 111 determines whether the first operating state of stack link a is normal.
  • determining whether the first operating state is normal may include: determining whether stack port 9/0/0 used to establish stack link a is operating normally, determining whether the stack process corresponding to stack link a is operating normally, and whether the stack link a is operating normally. Is the transmission bit error rate of channel a normal?
  • the first operating status abnormality may specifically include: stack port 9/0/0 used to establish stack link a is down, the stack process corresponding to stack link a is unresponsive, and the board running the stack process is down. power, and the transmission bit error rate of stacking link a exceeds one or more of the thresholds.
  • S202 specifically includes:
  • the switch 111 After determining that the first operating status is abnormal, the switch 111 sends the first information to the switch 112 through the service link between the switch 111 and the switch 112.
  • the switch 112 performs stack splitting according to the first information.
  • the LLDP module in the switch 112 can parse the LLDP message and obtain the first information, and then send the first information to the switch 112 for management.
  • the stack management module of the stack system is configured so that the stack management module performs stack splitting based on the first information.
  • S204 may specifically include:
  • the switch 112 determines whether the operating status of stack link a is normal based on the first information.
  • the switch 112 performs stack splitting, which may include: setting CXP2/5 as the system main control board, setting CXP2/6 as the backup main control board, and so on.
  • stack splitting may include: setting CXP2/5 as the system main control board, setting CXP2/6 as the backup main control board, and so on.
  • this embodiment uses two switches (switch 111 and switch 112) in the stack system 110 as an example to introduce the communication method provided by this embodiment.
  • the stacking system 110 may also include other switches.
  • the stacking system 110 may also include a switch 112 Switch 114 is connected via stacking link b, and switch 115 is connected to switch 111 via stacking link c.
  • the switch 112 performs stack splitting, which may include: the switch 112 negotiates with the switch 114 to elect a master switch and establish a new stack system.
  • stack splitting may include: the switch 112 negotiates with the switch 114 to elect a master switch and establish a new stack system.
  • S204 specifically includes:
  • the switch 112 performs stack splitting.
  • the switch 111 after the switch 111 obtains the first operating state of stack link a, it can first determine whether the first operating state is normal, and then determine the first operating state. After an abnormality occurs, the first information is sent to the switch 112. That is to say, in this case, the switch 111 only sends the first information to the switch 112 when the first operating state is abnormal. Therefore, in this case, after receiving the first information, the switch 112 may directly trigger stack splitting without determining whether the operating status of stack link a is normal.
  • the method also includes:
  • switch 111 performs stack splitting.
  • the switch 111 performs stack splitting, which may include: the switch 111 calculates the stack topology, deletes the topology information of the switch 112, and other contents.
  • stack splitting may include: the switch 111 calculates the stack topology, deletes the topology information of the switch 112, and other contents.
  • this embodiment uses two switches (switch 111 and switch 112) in the stack system 110 as an example to introduce the communication method provided by this embodiment.
  • the stack system 110 may also include a switch 114 and a switch 115 .
  • the switch 111 performs stack splitting, which may include: the switch 111 calculates the stack topology, deletes the topology information of the switch 112 and the switch 114, and synchronizes the new topology information to the switch 115.
  • the main switch 111 in the stack system sends the first information for indicating the operating status of the stack link to the backup switch 112.
  • the communication method provided by this embodiment is introduced. It can be understood that in actual application, the communication method provided by this embodiment can also be applied in a scenario where the backup switch sends information indicating the operating status of the stack link to the main switch, or the communication method provided by this embodiment The method can also be applied to a scenario where information indicating the operating status of the stack link is sent between two switches other than the main switch in the stack system, so that the switch at the receiving end of the information receives the information indicating the stack link's operating status. After receiving the running status information, stack splitting can be performed in time.
  • the stacking link between the local switch and the opposite end switch can also be connected through the service link between the switches.
  • the running status is sent to the peer switch so that the peer switch can establish stack topology and stack negotiation based on the running status of the stack link.
  • the communication method provided in this embodiment is introduced. Specifically, after connecting the stack ports of switch 115 and switch 111 through stack cables, as shown in Figure 8, the method includes:
  • the switch 115 obtains the second operating state of the stack link c between the switch 115 and the switch 111.
  • the operating state of stack link c (for the convenience of description, the operating state of stack link a is referred to as the "second operating state" in this article) can be specifically reflected as:
  • the operating state of stack link c on switch 115 is used to establish stack link c.
  • the switch 115 sends the second information indicating the second operating state to the switch 111 through the service link between the switch 115 and the switch 111.
  • the switch 111 adds the switch 115 to the stack system 110 according to the first information.
  • the switch 115 is added to the stack system 110 .
  • the process of the switch 111 adding the switch 115 to the stacking system 110 reference can be made to related technologies and will not be described in detail here.
  • the operating status of the stack link between the local switch and the opposite end switch can be sent to the opposite end switch through the service link between the switches in the stacking system, so that the opposite end switch
  • the switch can quickly learn the operating status of the stack link, so that when the stack link fails, the stack can be split or the switch can be added to the stack system in time.
  • the communication device 30 may be part or all of the software/hardware devices in the switch.
  • the communication device may be used to perform all or part of the steps performed by the switch 111 in FIG. 3 or FIG. 6A or FIG. 6B above, or be used to perform all or part of the steps performed by the switch 115 in FIG. 8 above.
  • the switch used by the communication device 30 is called the first switch.
  • the communication device 30 includes:
  • the obtaining unit 301 is configured to obtain the first operating state of the stack link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the second switch is a switch in the same stack system as the first switch.
  • the sending unit 302 is configured to send first information to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch, where the first information is used to indicate the first operating status.
  • the sending unit 302 is configured to send the first information to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch, including:
  • the sending unit 302 is specifically configured to send the link layer discovery protocol LLDP message to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the LLDP message carries the first information.
  • the communication device 30 also includes:
  • the judgment unit 303 is used to judge whether the first operating state is normal.
  • the sending unit 302 is configured to send data to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the machine sends the first message, specifically including:
  • the sending unit 302 is specifically configured to send the first information to the second switch through the service link between the first switch and the second switch after determining that the first operating status is abnormal.
  • the first operating state includes: the operating state of the stack port between the first switch and the second switch, and the operating state of the stacking process in the first switch.
  • the first switch is the main switch in the stack system, or the second switch is the main switch in the stack system.
  • the communication device 40 may include some or all of the software/hardware devices in the switch, and the communication device 40 may be used to perform all or part of the steps performed by the switch 112 in FIG. 3 or FIG. 6A or FIG. 6B.
  • the switch used by the communication device 40 is called a second switch.
  • the communication device 40 includes:
  • the receiving unit 401 is configured to receive the first information through the service link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the first switch is a switch in the same stack system as the second switch.
  • the first information is used to indicate a first operating state of the stack link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the stack management unit 402 is configured to perform stack splitting according to the first information.
  • the receiving unit 401 is configured to receive the first information through the service link between the first switch and the second switch, including:
  • the receiving unit 401 is specifically configured to receive the link layer discovery protocol LLDP message through the service link between the first switch and the second switch.
  • the LLDP message carries the first information.
  • the stack management unit 402 is configured to perform stack splitting according to the first information, including:
  • the stack management unit 402 is specifically configured to determine whether the first operating state is normal based on the first information
  • the stack management unit 402 is also specifically configured to perform stack splitting after determining that the first operating state is abnormal.
  • the first operating state includes: the operating state of the stack port between the first switch and the second switch, and the operating state of the stacking process in the first switch.
  • the first switch is the main switch in the stack system, or the second switch is the main switch in the stack system.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in this embodiment.
  • the communication device 50 may be a chip or a system on a chip. Specifically, the communication device 50 may be part or all of the hardware devices in the switch.
  • the communication device 50 may include some or all components of a processor 501 , a communication line 506 , a memory 503 and at least one communication interface 502 .
  • the processor 501 is used to execute all or part of the steps executed by the switch 111 or the switch 115 in the communication method provided by this embodiment.
  • the processor 501 may include a general central processing unit (CPU).
  • the processor 501 may also include a microprocessor, a field programmable logic gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array) Array, FPGA), digital signal processing (DSP) or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the processor 501 may also include a microprocessor, a field programmable logic gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array) Array, FPGA), digital signal processing (DSP) or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • DSP digital signal processing
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the processor 501 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 11 .
  • the communication device 50 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 501 and the processor 505 in FIG. 11 .
  • processors may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor.
  • a processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing, for example, computer data (computer program instructions).
  • memory 503 may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data date SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous link dynamic random access memory direct rambus RAM, DR RAM
  • the memory 503 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 501 through a communication line 506 .
  • Memory 503 may also be integrated with processor 501.
  • the memory 503 stores computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions stored in the memory 503 may include software modules for implementing all or part of the functions of the acquisition unit 301, the judgment unit 303, and the sending unit 302.
  • the computer instructions stored in the memory 503 may include software modules for implementing all or part of the functions of the above-mentioned receiving unit 401 and stack management unit 402.
  • the processor 501 can be used to execute all or part of the steps in the communication method provided in this embodiment by executing computer instructions stored in the memory 503.
  • the computer execution instructions in this embodiment can also be called application codes, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the communication interface 502 uses any device such as a transceiver for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN) wait.
  • a transceiver for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN) wait.
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the communication line 506 is used to connect various components in the communication device 50 .
  • the communication line 506 may include a data bus, a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, etc.
  • the various buses are labeled as communication lines 506 in the figure.
  • the communication device 50 may also include a storage medium 504.
  • the storage medium 504 is used to store computer instructions and various data for implementing the technical solution of this embodiment. So that when the communication device 50 executes the above communication method of this embodiment, the computer instructions and various data stored in the storage medium 504 are loaded into the memory 503, so that the processing The processor 501 can be used to execute the communication method provided by this embodiment by executing computer instructions stored in the memory 503.
  • the communication device 50 may correspond to the communication device 30 or the communication device 40 in this embodiment, and may correspond to a corresponding subject that performs the communication method according to this embodiment, and each of the communication devices 50
  • the above and other operations and/or functions of the module are respectively to implement the corresponding processes of each method in Figure 3 or Figure 6A or Figure 6B or Figure 8. For the sake of simplicity, they will not be described again here.
  • the method steps in this embodiment can be implemented by hardware or by a processor executing software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, registers, hard disks, mobile hard disks, CD-ROM or any other form of storage media well known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and storage media may be located in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC may be located in a communication device or terminal equipment.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist as discrete components in the communication device or terminal equipment.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a communication device, a user equipment, or other programmable device.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another.
  • the computer program or instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits via wired or wireless means to another website site, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media, such as floppy disks, hard disks, and magnetic tapes; they may also be optical media, such as digital video discs (DVDs); they may also be semiconductor media, such as SSDs.
  • “at least one” refers to one or more
  • “multiple” refers to two or more
  • other quantifiers are similar.
  • “And/or” describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and/or B can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B alone exists.
  • a and/or B can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B alone exists.
  • elements appearing in the singular forms "a”, “an” and “the”, unless the context clearly requires otherwise it does not mean “one or only one” but means “one or more” in one".
  • "a device” means one or more such devices.
  • "at least one of" means one or any combination of subsequent associated objects, for example, "at least one of A, B and C” includes A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related objects are an “or”relationship; in the formula of this embodiment, the character “/” Indicates that the related objects are in a “division” relationship.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，涉及通信领域，该方法包括：获取第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态，其中，第二交换机为与第一交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机。通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示第一运行状态。本申请用于交换机，能够使堆叠***中各交换机快速检测与其他交换机之间的堆叠链路的运行状态。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
本申请要求于2022年4月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210414670.2、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
随着网络技术的发展，网络的规模也随之不断扩大，经常会出现交换机端口或带宽不足等问题。为了解决上述问题，在一种可行的方法中，可以采用堆叠技术将多台交换机通过堆叠链路进行连接，组成一个堆叠***。通过组成堆叠***的方式，可以达到提高网络扩展能力以及简化网络管理等效果。
其中，当堆叠***中交换机检测到与其他交换机之间的堆叠链路出现故障时，可以及时进行堆叠***，将堆叠******成多个单独的堆叠***或交换机，以使得各单独的堆叠***或交换机可以独立执行业务转发任务。
因此，如何使得堆叠***中各交换机快速检测到与其他交换机之间的堆叠链路的运行状态，这是目前需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，用于使堆叠***中各交换机快速检测与其他交换机之间的堆叠链路的运行状态。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，该方法应用于交换机(为便于区分，下文称之为“第一交换机”)，该方法包括：获取第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态，其中，第二交换机为与第一交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机。通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示第一运行状态。
本申请上述方法中，考虑到可以通过堆叠***中交换机之间的业务链路，将本端交换机与对端交换机之间的堆叠链路的运行状态发送至对端交换机，以使得对端交换机可以直接获知上述堆叠链路的运行状态，并在上述堆叠链路出现故障时可以及时进行堆叠***。相比于相关技术，一方面，本申请上述方法不用占用交换机之间的堆叠链路的带宽资源；另一方面，本申请上述方法不会受到堆叠协议报文的超时时长的约束，因此可以更快的触发堆叠***，从而降低对传输业务的影响。
一种可能的设计中，通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送第一信息，包括：通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送LLDP报文；LLDP报文中携带有所述第一信息。
上述设计中，利用LLDP报文中的相关字段发送第一信息，从而可以在不占用交 换机之间的堆叠链路的带宽资源也不需要重新建立新的传输协议的情况下，将堆叠链路的运行状态发送至第二交换机。
一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：判断第一运行状态是否正常。通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送第一信息，具体包括：在确定所述第一运行状态异常后，通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送所述第一信息。
上述设计中，第一交换机在确定第一运行状态异常后，再通过业务链路向第二交换机发送第一信息。这样一来，在第一运行状态正常的情况下，可以不向第二交换机发送第一信息，从而降低对传输链路的带宽占用。
在一种可能的设计中，第一运行状态，包括：第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
通过上述设计，可以将第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态通过业务链路发送至第二交换机。从而便于第二交换机及时进行堆叠***等操作。
在一种可能的设计中，上述第一交换机为堆叠***中的主交换机，或者第二交换机为堆叠***中的主交换机。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法，应用于交换机(为便于区分，下文称之为“第二交换机”)，该方法包括：
通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息。其中，第一交换机为与第二交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机，第一信息用于指示第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态。根据第一信息，进行堆叠***。
在一种可能的设计中，通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息，包括：通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收LLDP报文；所述LLDP报文中携带有所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述根据所述第一信息，进行堆叠***，包括：根据所述第一信息，判断所述第一运行状态是否正常；在确定所述第一运行状态异常后，进行堆叠***。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一运行状态，包括：所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及所述第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机，或者所述第二交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机。
第三方面，提供一种通信装置，应用于第一交换机，该通信装置包括：获取单元，用于获取所述第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态，其中，所述第二交换机为与所述第一交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机。发送单元，用于通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述第一运行状态。
在一种可能的设计中，发送单元，用于通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，包括：所述发送单元，具体用于通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送LLDP 报文；所述LLDP报文中携带有所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置还包括：判断单元，用于判断所述第一运行状态是否正常。所述发送单元，用于通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，具体包括：所述发送单元，具体用于在确定所述第一运行状态异常后，通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，第一运行状态，包括：所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及所述第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机，或者所述第二交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置，应用于第二交换机，所述通信装置包括：接收单元，用于通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息，其中，所述第一交换机为与所述第二交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机，所述第一信息用于指示所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态。堆叠管理单元，用于根据所述第一信息，进行堆叠***。
在一种可能的设计中，接收单元，用于通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息，包括：所述接收单元，具体用于通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收LLDP报文；所述LLDP报文中携带有所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述堆叠管理单元，用于根据所述第一信息，进行堆叠***，包括：堆叠管理单元，具体用于根据所述第一信息，判断所述第一运行状态是否正常。堆叠管理单元，还具体用于在确定所述第一运行状态异常后，进行堆叠***。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一运行状态，包括：所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及所述第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机，或者所述第二交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机。
第五方面，提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和接口，所述处理器通过所述接口接收或发送数据，所述处理器用于实现如第一方面或第一方面中任一设计或第二方面或第二方面中任一设计所述的方法。
第六方面，提供一种交换机，包括如第三方面或第四方面或第五方面中任一项所述的通信装置。
第七方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令在处理器上运行时，实现如第一方面或第一方面中任一设计或第二方面或第二方面中任一设计所述的方法。
第八方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括指令，当所述指令在处理器上运行时，实现如第一方面或第一方面中任一设计或第二方面或第二方面中任一设计所述的方法。
上述第二方面至第八方面的有益效果可参照第一方面中的相应描述，在此不做赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的一种通信网络的结构示意图；
图2为本申请提供的一种堆叠***的结构示意图之一；
图3为本申请提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图之一；
图4为本申请提供的一种堆叠***的结构示意图之二；
图5为本申请提供的一种LLDP报文的结构示意图；
图6A为本申请提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图之二；
图6B为本申请提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图之三；
图7为本申请提供的一种堆叠***的结构示意图之三；
图8为本申请提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图之四；
图9为本申请提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图之一；
图10为本申请提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图之二；
图11为本申请提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图之三。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本实施例中的附图，对本实施例中的技术方案进行描述。其中，为了便于清楚描述本实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。同时，在本实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
为了便于理解本实施例，首先对本实施例涉及的相关技术进行介绍：
堆叠，是指将多台支持堆叠特性的交换机组合在一起，从逻辑上组合成一台交换设备的技术。示例性的，图1为本实施例提供的一种通信网络的结构示意图。在图1的(a)中，通信网络121、通信网络122以及通信网络123之间可以通过交换机111、交换机112和交换机113进行通信。其中，交换机111与交换机112通过堆叠线缆建立堆叠链路a(例如通过堆叠线缆分别连接交换机111与交换机112的堆叠端口9/0/0端口(图1(a)中未呈现)，以建立交换机111与交换机112之间的堆叠链路a)后组成堆叠***110。对于上游和下游设备而言，堆叠***110相当于一台交换机，如图1中(b)所示。
通过将交换机组合堆叠***，一方面可以通过堆叠***中多台交换机之间的冗余备份，以提高网络的可靠性。另一方面，通过在堆叠***中增加成员交换机，可以快捷地实现堆叠***的端口数、带宽和处理能力的扩展。另外，通过构建堆叠***，可以对堆叠***中成员交换机进行统一配置和管理，从而简化网络管理。
按照功能不同，可将堆叠***中的交换机分为三种类型：主交换机、备交换机以及从交换机。其中，主交换机除了负责业务转发外，还负责管理整个堆叠***。通常一个堆叠***中只有一台主交换机。备交换机是主交换机的备份交换机。当主交换机故障时，备交换机可以接替主交换机的所有业务。通常一个堆叠***中只有一台主交换机和一台备交换机。从交换机主要用于业务转发。除主交换机和备交换机外，堆叠 ***中其他的交换机都是从交换机。
以图1中堆叠***110为例，其中交换机111为主交换机，交换机112为备交换机(为简化描述以便于理解，堆叠***110中未示出从交换机)。交换机111与交换机112中分别包括用于控制交换机的一个或多个主控单板，其中主控单板可以为***控制交叉连接多协议进程(system-control cross-connect multi-protocol process，CXP)。如图2中，交换机111中包括CXP1/5和CXP1/6，交换机112中包括CXP2/5和CXP2/6。其中，CXP1/5作为***主控单板用于对堆叠***110中的交换机进行统一配置和管理，CXP2/5为CXP1/5的备份主控单板。CXP1/6和CXP2/6为冷备份主控单板。
具体的，当CXP1/5(即***主控单板)出现故障时，则将CXP2/5切换为***主控单板，CXP1/6作为CXP2/5的备份主控单板，CXP2/6依然作为冷备份主控单板。然后，当CXP2/5(即***主控单板)出现故障时，则将CXP1/6切换为***主控单板，CXP2/6作为CXP1/6的备份主控单板。这样一来，可以保证堆叠***110的可靠运行。
另外，在交换机111和交换机112中还分别包括物理接口卡(physical interface card，PIC)。通过各交换机中PCI上的堆叠端口，各交换机之间可以建立堆叠链路，以建立堆叠***。例如，图2中，交换机111上PIC的堆叠端口9/0/0与交换机112上PIC的堆叠端口9/0/0之间通过堆叠线缆连接，建立堆叠链路a。
其中，堆叠***中交换机之间的堆叠链路发生故障时，可以触发堆叠******，以使将堆叠******成两个独立的堆叠***或交换机。例如图2中，交换机111和交换机112之间的堆叠链路a发生故障时，可以将堆叠***110***成两个独立的交换机，以使得各交换机111和交换机112可以分别独立执行业务转发。
相关技术中，堆叠***中的主交换机与其他交换机之间会通过堆叠链路，定时发送堆叠协议报文，以使交换机获知对方的运行状态。当堆叠***中交换机检测到堆叠协议报文超时时，则触发堆叠******。如图2中，交换机111通过堆叠链路a向交换机112定时发送堆叠协议报文(例如每60秒发送一次堆叠协议报文)，交换机112也通过堆叠链路a向交换机111定时发送堆叠协议报文。当交换机111或交换机112检测到堆叠协议报文超时，则触发堆叠***。
可以看出，上述相关技术中，需要在堆叠***中的交换机之间维护一个心跳状态机，用于定时发送堆叠协议报文。这种方式一方面需要占用交换机之间的堆叠链路的带宽来维护心跳状态机；另一方面，由于相关技术中当堆叠***中的堆叠链路发生故障时，需要被动的等待堆叠协议报文超时，然后再触发堆叠***，因此触发堆叠***的速度慢，因此会影响业务的传输。
针对上述问题，本实施例所提供技术方案中，考虑到可以通过堆叠***中交换机之间的业务链路，将本端交换机与对端交换机之间的堆叠链路的运行状态发送至对端交换机，以使得对端交换机可以直接获知上述堆叠链路的运行状态，并在上述堆叠链路出现故障时可以及时进行堆叠***。相比于上述相关技术，一方面，本实施例所提供的技术方案不用占用交换机之间的堆叠链路的带宽资源；另一方面，本实施例所提供的技术方案不会受到堆叠协议报文的超时时长的约束，因此可以更快的触发堆叠***，从而降低对传输业务的影响。
进而，本实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法能够应用在交换机的堆叠***中。下 面以图1和图2所示堆叠***110中交换机111和交换机112的通信过程为例，对本实施例所提供的通信方法进行介绍。具体的，如图3所示，本实施例所提供通信方法可以包括：
S201、交换机111获取与交换机112之间的堆叠链路a的第一运行状态。
具体的，堆叠链路a的运行状态(为便于描述，文中将堆叠链路a的运行状态简称为“第一运行状态”)，具体可以反映为：交换机111上用于建立堆叠链路a的堆叠端口的运行状态、堆叠链路a对应的堆叠进程的运行状态，以及堆叠链路a上的传输误码率等其中一项或多项。
S202、交换机111通过交换机111与交换机112之间的业务链路，向交换机112发送用于指示第一运行状态的第一信息。
本实施例中，交换机111与交换机112之间的业务链路，具体可以为交换机111与交换机112之间用于传输业务数据的任意传输链路。
例如，在图1中，交换机111可以通过交换机111-交换机113-交换机112之间的业务链路，向交换机112发送第一信息。
再例如，图4所示，交换机111的业务端口1/0/0与交换机112的业务端口1/0/0连接，并建立有业务链路b。则交换机111可以通过业务链路b向交换机112发送第一信息。
在一种实现方式中，考虑到：同一堆叠***中的交换机，可以通过交换机之间的业务链路发送链路层发现协议(link layer discovery protocol，LLDP)报文的方式，来将本身的能力信息(例如设备标识、接口标识、管理地址等)发送至同一堆叠***中的其他交换机。
因此，在交换机111中，可以通过LLDP模块将第一信息承载在LLDP报文的负荷(payload)中，并通过交换机111与交换机112之间的业务链路，向交换机112发送LLDP报文的方式，来向交换机112发送上述第一信息。其中，LLDP模块为交换机111中用于执行LLDP协议通信的软/硬件模块。
示例性的，图5为一种LLDP报文的帧结构示意图。其中：
DA字段，即组播地址(Multicast address)，携带LLDP报文的目的地址，通常占用6个字节。通常情况下，DA字段的值为组播地址01-80-C2-00-00-0E。
SA字段，即源MAC地址(Source MAC)，携带与设备相邻连接设备的桥MAC，在具体实现中SA可以为本端交换机的端口MAC地址或者本端交换机的MAC地址。
VLAN字段，用于指示在同一虚拟局域网(virtual local area network，VLAN)域能够收到该报文。
ETHtype字段，即以太网类型(ethernet type)，携带帧类型，用于指示该报文为LLDP报文，以便接收端设备按照LLDP协议解析报文。通常情况下，ETH type字段的值为0x88CC。
LLDPDU字段，即LLDP数据单元(LLDP data unit)，用于携带负荷数据。具体的，交换机111可以将上述第一信息携带在LLDP报文的LLDPDU字段中进行发送，以使得交换机112通过LLDP模块获取到堆叠链路a的第一运行状态。
FCS字段，即帧校验序列(frame check sequence)，用于对LLDP报文进行检错 和纠错。
其中，LLDPDU字段的格式如图5所示。其中，LLDPDU采用类型+数据长度+值(type+length+value，TLV)的格式。其中，类型(type)域表示本TLV的类型，数据长度(length)是以字节为单位的TLV的长度，值(value)是该TLV的值。其中，Chassis ID TLV(机架标识TLV)，Port ID TLV(端口标识TLV)、Time To Live TLV(存活时间TLV)以及End Of LLDPDU TLV(结束TLV)是强制的(即必须包含的部分)。除此之外在Time To Live TLV和End Of LLDPDU TLV之间可以包含0个到多个可选的其它TLV。
具体的，TLV的类型域的定义如下表1所示：
表1
在一种实现方式中，可以从TLV类型中TLV type＝9-126(即Reserved类型)中选择一个或多个，来定义用于指示交换机之间堆叠链路的运行状态的第一信息。
例如，可以预先将TLV类型中TLV type＝9定义为堆叠链路的运行状态，即上文中第一信息可以理解为LLDP报文中TLV type＝9的TLV。则如图5所示，可以将堆叠链路a对应的堆叠端口的运行状态，堆叠进程的运行状态，以及堆叠链路的传输误 码率，承载在TLV type＝9的TLV中进行发送。其中，为了区分堆叠链路a与交换机111上的其他堆叠链路(例如，交换机112之外的其他交换机与交换机111之间的堆叠链路)，该TLV中还承载有堆叠链路a的标识，例如堆叠链路a对应的堆叠端口号9/0/0。
在一种实现方式中，交换机111在获取到堆叠链路a的第一运行状态后，可以先判断堆叠链路a的运行状态是否正常。在确定堆叠链路a异常后，再通过S202向交换机112发送第一信息。这样一来，在确定堆叠链路a运行状态正常时可以不用向交换机112发送用于指示堆叠链路a的运行状态的第一信息，而是仅在确定堆叠链路a运行状态异常时向交换机112发送第一信息，从而可以节省交换机111与交换机112之间的传输资源。
具体的，该方法还包括：
S203、交换机111判断堆叠链路a的第一运行状态是否正常。
具体的，判断第一运行状态是否正常，可以包括：判断用于建立堆叠链路a的堆叠端口9/0/0是否运行正常、判断堆叠链路a对应的堆叠进程是否运行正常，以及堆叠链路a的传输误码率是否正常。
其中，第一运行状态异常，具体可以包括：用于建立堆叠链路a的堆叠端口9/0/0关闭(down)、堆叠链路a对应的堆叠进程无响应、运行堆叠进程的单板下电，以及堆叠链路a的传输误码率超过阈值中的一项或多项。
进而，S202具体包括：
S202a、交换机111在确定第一运行状态异常后，通过交换机111与交换机112之间的业务链路，向交换机112发送第一信息。
例如，在确定第一运行状态异常后，如图5所示，交换机111可以将第一运行状态承载在LLDP报文中TLV type＝9的TLV(即第一信息)中，发送至交换机112。
S204、交换机112根据第一信息，进行堆叠***。
例如，交换机112在接收到承载第一信息的LLDP报文后，可以由交换机112中的LLDP模块对LLDP报文进行解析并获得第一信息，然后将第一信息发送至交换机112中用于管理堆叠***的堆叠管理模块，以便堆叠管理模块根据第一信息，进行堆叠***。
在一种实现方式中，如图6A所示，S204具体可以包括：
S2041、交换机112根据第一信息，判断堆叠链路a的运行状态是否正常。
继续以图5为例，交换机112在接收到LLDP报文后，解析LLDP报文中TLV type＝9的TLV(即第一信息)，并根据解析得到的内容判断堆叠链路a的运行状态是否正常。
S2042、交换机112在确定堆叠链路a的运行状态异常后，进行堆叠***。
其中，交换机112进行堆叠***，具体可以包括：将CXP2/5设置为***主控单板，将CXP2/6设置为备份主控单板等内容。对于交换机112具体如何进行堆叠***，可参照相关技术，对此本实施例中不做赘述。
其中，本实施例是以堆叠***110中的两个交换机(交换机111和交换机112)为例对本实施例所提供通信方法进行介绍。可以理解的是，在实际应用中，堆叠***110中还可以包括其他交换机，例如图7所示，堆叠***110中还包括与交换机112 通过堆叠链路b连接的交换机114，以及与交换机111通过堆叠链路c连接的交换机115。此时，交换机112进行堆叠***，可以包括：交换机112与交换机114协商选举主交换机，建立新的堆叠***。对于在交换机112与交换机114之间建立新的堆叠***的过程可参照相关技术。
在另一种实现方式中，如图6B所示，S204具体包括：
S2043、交换机112响应于接收到第一信息，进行堆叠***。
本实现方式中，考虑到：参照上文S203和S202a的描述，交换机111在获取到堆叠链路a的第一运行状态后，可以先判断第一运行状态是否正常，并且在确定第一运行状态异常后，再向交换机112发送第一信息。也就是说，在这种情况下，交换机111仅在第一运行状态异常的情况下，向交换机112发送第一信息。因此，这种情况下，交换机112在接收到第一信息后，也可以不用判断堆叠链路a的运行状态是否正常，而是直接触发进行堆叠***。
另外，在通过交换机111确定堆叠链路a的第一运行状态异常后，该方法还包括：
S205、交换机111进行堆叠***。
其中，交换机111进行堆叠***，具体可以包括：交换机111计算堆叠拓扑，删除交换机112的拓扑信息等内容。对于交换机111具体如何进行堆叠***，可参照相关技术，对此本实施例中不做赘述。
其中，本实施例是以堆叠***110中的两个交换机(交换机111和交换机112)为例对本实施例所提供通信方法进行介绍。例如图7所示，当堆叠***110还可以包括交换机114和交换机115时。此时，交换机111进行堆叠***，具体可以包括：交换机111计算堆叠拓扑，删除交换机112和交换机114的拓扑信息，并将新的拓扑信息同步给交换机115等内容。
可以理解的是，在本实施例上述通信方法中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本实施例的范围。例如，上述通信方法中，S205可以在S203之后的任意时间执行。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。
另外，上述图3、图6A和图6B所描述的通信方法的具体实现过程中，主要是以堆叠***中主交换机111向备交换机112发送用于指示堆叠链路的运行状态的第一信息为例，对本实施例所提供的通信方法进行了介绍。可以理解的是，在实际应用过程中，本实施例所提供通信方法还可应用在备交换机向主交换机发送用于指示堆叠链路的运行状态的信息的场景中，或者本实施例所提供通信方法还可以应用于堆叠***中主交换机之外的两个交换机之间发送用于指示堆叠链路的运行状态的信息的场景中，以便信息的接收端交换机在接收到用于指示堆叠链路的运行状态的信息后，可以及时进行堆叠***。
另外，在另一种实施例中，考虑到在建立堆叠***或向堆叠***中添加交换机时，也可以通过交换机之间的业务链路，将本端交换机与对端交换机之间的堆叠链路的运行状态发送至对端交换机，以便对端交换机根据堆叠链路的运行状态建立堆叠拓扑和堆叠协商。
下面结合图7所示堆叠***，以在已有主交换机111、备交换机112以及从交换 机114的堆叠***110中添加交换机115为例，对本实施例所提供通信方法进行介绍。具体的，在将交换机115与交换机111的堆叠端口通过堆叠线缆连接后，如图8所示，该方法包括：
S301、交换机115获取交换机115与交换机111之间的堆叠链路c的第二运行状态。
具体的，堆叠链路c的运行状态(为便于描述，文中将堆叠链路a的运行状态简称为“第二运行状态”)，具体可以反映为：交换机115上用于建立堆叠链路c的堆叠端口的运行状态、堆叠链路c对应的堆叠进程的运行状态，以及堆叠链路c上的传输误码率等其中一项或多项。
S302、交换机115通过交换机115与交换机111之间的业务链路，向交换机111发送用于指示第二运行状态的第二信息。
其中，交换机115向交换机111发送第二信息的具体实现过程，可参照上文S202中交换机111向交换机112发送第一信息的相应描述，在此不做赘述。
S303、交换机111根据第一信息，将交换机115添加至堆叠***110中。
例如，交换机111在根据第一信息确定堆叠链路c的运行状态正常后，将交换机115添加至堆叠***110中。其中，交换机111将交换机115添加至堆叠***110中的过程，可以参照相关技术，在此不做赘述。
本实施例所提供的通信方法中，可以通过堆叠***中交换机之间的业务链路，将本端交换机与对端交换机之间的堆叠链路的运行状态发送至对端交换机，以使得对端交换机可以快速获知上述堆叠链路的运行状态，以便在上述堆叠链路出现故障时可以及时进行堆叠***或者将交换机添加至堆叠***中。
上文中结合图3-图8，详细描述了根据本实施例所提供的通信方法，下面将描述本实施例所提供通信方法对应的各种装置以及设备。
如图9所示，为本实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。该通信装置30可以为交换机中的部分或全部软/硬件装置。该通信装置可以用于执行上文中图3或图6A或图6B中交换机111所执行的全部或部分步骤，或者用于执行上文图8中交换机115所执行的全部或部分步骤。下文中为便于描述，将通信装置30所应用的交换机称为第一交换机。其中，通信装置30中包括：
获取单元301，用于获取第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态。其中，第二交换机为与第一交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机。
发送单元302，用于通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示第一运行状态。
可选的，发送单元302，用于通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送第一信息，包括：
发送单元302，具体用于通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送链路层发现协议LLDP报文。该LLDP报文中携带有第一信息。
可选的，通信装置30还包括：
判断单元303，用于判断第一运行状态是否正常。
发送单元302，用于通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换 机发送第一信息，具体包括：
发送单元302，具体用于在确定第一运行状态异常后，通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路，向第二交换机发送所述第一信息。
可选的，第一运行状态，包括：第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
可选的，第一交换机为堆叠***中的主交换机，或者第二交换机为堆叠***中的主交换机。
有关上述获取单元301、判断单元303以及发送单元302更详细的描述，可以直接参考图3或图6A或图6B或图8所示的方法中相关描述，这里不再赘述。
如图10所示，为本实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。该通信装置40可以包括交换机中的部分或全部软/硬件装置，该通信装置40可用于执行上文中图3或图6A或图6B中交换机112所执行的全部或部分步骤。下文中为便于描述，将通信装置40所应用的交换机称为第二交换机。其中，通信装置40中包括：
接收单元401，用于通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息。其中，第一交换机为与第二交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机。第一信息用于指示第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态。
堆叠管理单元402，用于根据第一信息，进行堆叠***。
可选的，接收单元401，用于通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息，包括：
接收单元401，具体用于通过第一交换机与第二交换机之间的业务链路接收链路层发现协议LLDP报文。该LLDP报文中携带有第一信息。
可选的，堆叠管理单元402，用于根据第一信息，进行堆叠***，包括：
堆叠管理单元402，具体用于根据第一信息，判断第一运行状态是否正常；
堆叠管理单元402，还具体用于在确定第一运行状态异常后，进行堆叠***。
可选的，第一运行状态，包括：第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
可选的，第一交换机为堆叠***中的主交换机，或者第二交换机为堆叠***中的主交换机。
有关上述接收单元401和堆叠管理单元402更详细的描述，可以直接参考图3或图6A或图6B所示的方法中相关描述，这里不再赘述。
图11为本实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。该通信装置50可以为芯片或片上***。具体的，该通信装置50可以为交换机中部分或全部的硬件装置。
其中，该通信装置50可以包括：处理器501、通信线路506、内存503以及至少一个通信接口502中的部分或全部部件。
其中，处理器501用于执行本实施例所提供的通信方法中交换机111或交换机115所执行的全部或部分步骤。
具体的，处理器501可以包含通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，处理器501还可以包含微处理器、现场可编程逻辑门阵列(Field Programmable Gate  Array，FPGA)、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)或者特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器501可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图11中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信装置50可以包括多个处理器，例如图11中的处理器501和处理器505。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理例如计数据(算机程序指令)的处理核。
另外，内存503可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data date SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。内存503可以是独立存在，通过通信线路506与处理器501相连接。内存503也可以和处理器501集成在一起。
其中，内存503存储有计算机指令。例如，在内存503中存储的计算机指令，可以包括用于实现上述获取单元301、判断单元303以及发送单元302的全部或部分功能的软件模块。再例如，在内存503中存储的计算机指令，可以包括用于实现上述接收单元401和堆叠管理单元402的全部或部分功能的软件模块。处理器501可以通过执行内存503中存储的计算机指令，用于执行本实施例所提供的通信方法中的全部或部分步骤。
可选的，本实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本实施例对此不作具体限定。
另外，通信接口502使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
另外，通信线路506用于将通信装置50中各部件连接。具体的，通信线路506可以包括数据总线、电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为通信线路506。
另外，通信装置50还可以包括存储介质504。存储介质504用于存储计算机指令以及实现本实施例技术方案的各种数据。以便通信装置50在执行本实施例上述通信方法时，将存储介质504中存储的计算机指令和各种数据加载至内存503中，以使得处 理器501可以通过执行内存503中存储的计算机指令，用于执行本实施例所提供的通信方法。
应理解，根据本实施例的通信装置50可对应于本实施例中的通信装置30或通信装置40，并可以对应于执行根据本实施例的通信方法的相应主体，并且通信装置50中的各个模块的上述和其它操作和/或功能分别为了实现图3或图6A或图6B或图8中的各个方法的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本实施例中的方法步骤可以通过硬件的方式来实现，也可以由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于RAM、闪存、ROM、PROM、EPROM、EEPROM、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于通信装置或终端设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于通信装置或终端设备中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、通信装置、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD)；还可以是半导体介质，例如，SSD。
在本实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实现方式之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本实施例中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。“和/或”描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。此外，对于单数形式“a”，“an”和“the”出现的元素(element)，除非上下文另有明确规定，否则其不意味着“一个或仅一个”，而是意味着“一个或多于一个”。例如，“a device”意味着对一个或多个这样的device。再者，至少一个(at least one of).......”意味着后续关联对象中的一个或任意组合，例如“A、B和C中的至少一个”包括A，B，C，AB，AC，BC，或ABC。在本实施例的文字描述中，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；在本实施例的公式中，字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。
可以理解的是，在本实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第一交换机，所述方法包括：
    获取所述第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态，其中，所述第二交换机为与所述第一交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机；
    通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述第一运行状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，包括：
    通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送链路层发现协议LLDP报文；所述LLDP报文中携带有所述第一信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：判断所述第一运行状态是否正常；
    所述通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，具体包括：
    在确定所述第一运行状态异常后，通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送所述第一信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一运行状态，包括：所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及所述第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机，或者所述第二交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机。
  6. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第二交换机，所述方法包括：
    通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息，其中，所述第一交换机为与所述第二交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机，所述第一信息用于指示所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态；
    根据所述第一信息，进行堆叠***。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息，包括：
    通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收链路层发现协议LLDP报文；所述LLDP报文中携带有所述第一信息。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一信息，进行堆叠***，包括：
    根据所述第一信息，判断所述第一运行状态是否正常；
    在确定所述第一运行状态异常后，进行堆叠***。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一运行状态，包括：所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及所述第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
  10. 根据权利要求6-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机，或者所述第二交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机。
  11. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，应用于第一交换机，所述通信装置包括：
    获取单元，用于获取所述第一交换机与第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态，其中，所述第二交换机为与所述第一交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机；
    发送单元，用于通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述第一运行状态。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述发送单元，用于通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，包括：
    所述发送单元，具体用于通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送链路层发现协议LLDP报文；所述LLDP报文中携带有所述第一信息。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括：
    判断单元，用于判断所述第一运行状态是否正常；
    所述发送单元，用于通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送第一信息，具体包括：
    所述发送单元，具体用于在确定所述第一运行状态异常后，通过所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路，向所述第二交换机发送所述第一信息。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一运行状态，包括：所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及所述第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机，或者所述第二交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机。
  16. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，应用于第二交换机，所述通信装置包括：
    接收单元，用于通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息，其中，所述第一交换机为与所述第二交换机处于同一堆叠***的交换机，所述第一信息用于指示所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠链路的第一运行状态；
    堆叠管理单元，用于根据所述第一信息，进行堆叠***。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述接收单元，用于通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收第一信息，包括：
    所述接收单元，具体用于通过第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的业务链路接收链路层发现协议LLDP报文；所述LLDP报文中携带有所述第一信息。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述堆叠管理单元，用于根据所述第一信息，进行堆叠***，包括：
    堆叠管理单元，具体用于根据所述第一信息，判断所述第一运行状态是否正常；
    堆叠管理单元，还具体用于在确定所述第一运行状态异常后，进行堆叠***。
  19. 根据权利要求16-18任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一运行状态，包括：所述第一交换机与所述第二交换机之间的堆叠端口的运行状态，以及所述第一交换机中的堆叠进程的运行状态。
  20. 根据权利要求16-19任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一交换机为 所述堆叠***中的主交换机，或者所述第二交换机为所述堆叠***中的主交换机。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口，所述处理器通过所述接口接收或发送数据，所述处理器用于实现如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种交换机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求11-21中任一项所述的通信装置。
  23. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令在处理器上运行时，实现如权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法。
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