WO2023202008A1 - Marine environment noise forecasting method, computer device, and storage medium - Google Patents

Marine environment noise forecasting method, computer device, and storage medium Download PDF

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WO2023202008A1
WO2023202008A1 PCT/CN2022/125400 CN2022125400W WO2023202008A1 WO 2023202008 A1 WO2023202008 A1 WO 2023202008A1 CN 2022125400 W CN2022125400 W CN 2022125400W WO 2023202008 A1 WO2023202008 A1 WO 2023202008A1
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noise
sea
sound
sea surface
calculate
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Chinese (zh)
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秦继兴
柳云峰
李整林
王海斌
吴双林
王梦圆
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中国科学院声学研究所
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/10—Noise analysis or noise optimisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

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  • the invention relates to the technical fields of hydroacoustic engineering, ocean engineering, and sonar, and in particular to a method for predicting marine environmental noise, computer equipment, and storage media.
  • Marine environmental noise as an interference background in underwater acoustic channels, has long existed in ocean waveguides.
  • Various types of noise sources play different roles in different frequency bands and times.
  • Wind-induced and rainfall noise are the main components of high-frequency band noise in ocean channels.
  • noise intensity, spatiotemporal variation characteristics and statistical characteristics are parameters that must be considered in the design and use of sonar systems. Since natural noise sources dominate the baseline distribution of marine environmental noise levels, the study of marine environmental noise also contributes to the study of ocean wind and rainfall.
  • the limitation of this model is that it can only establish two-dimensional seabed topography, bottom Noise field results of geophysical and hydrological conditions, and the calculation speed is slow.
  • the noise field modeling in a horizontal constant environment proposed based on ray theory can provide a model suitable for noise depth changes and noise levels under different wind speed conditions in the South China Sea.
  • reference [2] Analysis of wind-induced noise characteristics in the deep sea of the South China Sea and its noise source model correction", published in the 45th issue of "Acoustica Sinica" in September 2020, starting page number is 655
  • the calculation speed of this model It is fast, but the limitation of this model is that it can only calculate the noise field in a two-dimensional ocean environment. In addition, this model cannot predict the noise under the simultaneous action of sea surface wind and rainfall.
  • the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing model that can only calculate the noise field results of two-dimensional seabed topography, substrate and hydrological conditions, the calculation speed is slow, and it is unable to predict the noise under the simultaneous action of sea surface wind and rainfall.
  • the present invention provides a method for forecasting marine environmental noise, which uses a three-dimensional seabed model of the sea area, a three-dimensional model of the hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel and the sea surface meteorological conditions of wind speed and rainfall at the forecast location, and uses ray sound propagation theory to calculate the required position. noise level.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 1) Establish a three-dimensional seabed model of the forecast sea area
  • Step 2) Calculate the three-dimensional model of the hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel in the sea area
  • Step 3) Use remote sensing and other meteorological forecasting methods to obtain the sea surface meteorological conditions of wind speed and rainfall at the forecast location;
  • Step 4) Calculate the noise source intensity per unit area of the sea surface
  • Step 5) Use ray sound propagation theory to calculate the sound pressure from the unit source sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure.
  • step 1) is to obtain the predicted sea area topography and sediment data based on the seabed topography and sediment database or the measured seabed topography and sediment, and establish a three-dimensional seabed model of the seabed topography and corresponding substrate.
  • step 2) is to calculate the three-dimensional model of the hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel in the sea through database data export and extrapolation expansion or based on experimental site sampling, that is, to obtain the corresponding sound speed c(x, y, related to the three-dimensional position, z).
  • step 4) is to substitute the wind speed and rainfall sea surface meteorological conditions at the forecast location obtained by meteorological forecasting methods such as remote sensing into the wind noise source level formula and rainfall noise source level formula respectively;
  • SLW is the wind noise source level
  • f is the frequency (unit Hz)
  • U is the wind speed at a height of 10m on the sea surface (unit m/s)
  • C is the amplitude constant term, the value range is 40 to 70
  • a is frequency-related item, the value range is 2 to 10
  • b is the wind speed related item, the value range is 8 to 28;
  • SLR is the rainfall noise source level
  • f is the frequency (unit Hz)
  • R is the sea surface rainfall (unit mm/h).
  • step 5 is to calculate the sound pressure from the unit source sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate and obtain the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure.
  • the sound pressure field modeling is shown in Figure 1.
  • the cylindrical coordinate system is used.
  • the receiver is located at point 1 where the z-axis protrudes on the dotted line of the cylinder in the figure.
  • the noise source generated within the radius r is calculated with the receiving array as the center in the horizontal plane. noise field.
  • Input the three-dimensional seabed model of claim 1 and the three-dimensional hydrological condition model of claim 2 calculate its vector trajectory propagated through seafloor reflection or hydrological refraction, and the vector trajectory corresponding to the exit angle ⁇ 0
  • ⁇ j and ⁇ l are uniformly distributed random numbers from 0 to 2 ⁇ , representing the random phase information of distance and orientation respectively.
  • the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise field are represented by the ensemble average of the complex conjugate product of the two-point sound field, which is called the noise cross-spectral density. It represents the spatial characteristics of the noise field and is defined as:
  • the noise cross-spectral density can be approximated as:
  • NL(z r ) 10*log 10 ⁇
  • the value range of J is 1000 to 10000, and the value range of L is 72 to 720.
  • the present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
  • a computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the processor executes the computer program, any one of the above is implemented. the method described.
  • the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program causes the processor to perform any of the methods described above.
  • the present invention establishes a marine environmental noise prediction method. It can establish a three-dimensional noise prediction model using three-dimensional terrain, bottom material, hydrology and other conditions. This method can be used to predict the different sea surface wind speeds and rainfall conditions in the sea area. By accepting the noise spectrum level at depth, this method can simultaneously consider the effects of wind speed and rainfall to predict the environmental noise field.
  • Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional model of the environmental noise field and a schematic diagram of the distribution and calculation of sea surface noise sources
  • Figure 2 shows the flow chart of the marine environment noise prediction method
  • Figure 3 shows the measured hydrological conditions of the East Indian Ocean in the embodiment
  • Figure 4 shows the noise spectrum results of actual measurement and model prediction under the same wind speed and different rainfall conditions in the embodiment.
  • This invention uses databases or on-site measured data to establish a three-dimensional acoustic channel model including three-dimensional seabed topography, three-dimensional seabed substrate, and three-dimensional sound velocity profiles. It uses remote sensing and other meteorological forecast data to establish a sea surface noise source model, and then uses the ray sound propagation method to calculate the sea surface noise source model. Problems in forecasting noise fields in sea areas under environmental conditions.
  • the present invention proposes a marine environment noise prediction method, computer equipment and storage medium, which are implemented based on ray sound propagation theory.
  • the marine environment noise prediction method includes a noise source model and a propagation model; first, based on the seabed topography substrate database or the measured seabed topography Establish a three-dimensional seabed model for forecasting sea areas; derive and calculate a three-dimensional model of ocean acoustic channel hydrological conditions in the sea area through measured hydrological data or hydrological databases; use remote sensing and other meteorological forecasting methods to obtain sea surface meteorological conditions such as wind speed and rainfall at the forecast location; combine the sea surface wind speed with and rainfall as input parameters, enter the noise source intensity formula to calculate the intensity of the noise source per unit area of the sea surface; use the ray sound propagation theory to calculate the sound pressure from the sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate it based on the sound pressure Noise level at desired location.
  • Step 1) Establish a three-dimensional seabed model of the forecast sea area. According to the corresponding database or experimental site sampling, accurate and reliable calculation of sea area topography and substrate data is obtained, and a three-dimensional model field of seabed topography and corresponding substrate is established. In the East Indian Ocean experiment, the measured seabed topography basically had no fluctuations. It was regarded as a horizontal seabed, and the average sea depth was about 3095m.
  • Step 2 Calculate the three-dimensional model of hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel in the sea area.
  • a three-dimensional model of hydrological conditions for calculating ocean sound channels in the sea is established.
  • the experimental sea area has flat terrain and the sound velocity changes little.
  • the sound velocity profile c(z) is used for the sound velocity profiles at different positions of the sound channel.
  • Step 3 Use remote sensing and other meteorological forecasting methods to obtain the wind speed, rainfall and sea surface meteorological conditions at the forecast location.
  • Step 4 Calculate the noise source intensity per unit area of the sea surface. It is known that the wind speed, rainfall and other sea surface meteorological conditions at the forecast location obtained by weather forecasting methods such as remote sensing are substituted into the wind noise source level formula and rainfall noise source level formula respectively;
  • SLW is the wind noise source level
  • U is the wind speed at a height of 10m on the sea surface (unit m/s)
  • C is the amplitude constant term, the value range is 40 to 70
  • a is the frequency related term, the value range is 2 to 10
  • b is an item related to wind speed, the value range is 8 to 28;
  • SLR is the rainfall noise source level
  • f is the frequency (unit Hz)
  • U is the wind speed at a height of 10m on the sea surface (unit m/s)
  • R is the rainfall on the sea surface (unit mm/h).
  • each parameter is: the wind speed U is 9.8m/s, the parameter C is 48.78, a is 3.741, and b is 11.85.
  • the wind noise source level SLW(f) value for each frequency f is obtained in the following table:
  • the rainfall noise sources SLR1 and SLR2 in two periods are obtained.
  • Step 5 Use ray sound propagation theory to calculate the sound pressure from the unit source sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure. Calculate the sound pressure from the unit-strength sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different azimuths and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure.
  • Sound pressure field modeling refers to Figure 1, using the cylindrical coordinate system. The receiver is located at point 1 on the z-axis protruding on the dotted line of the cylinder in the figure. The noise generated by the noise source within the radius r is calculated with the receiving array as the center in the horizontal plane. field.
  • the calculated horizontal radius r can be appropriately adjusted.
  • the value range of J is from 1000 to 10000, and the value range of L is from 72 to 720. Increasing the J and L values can correspondingly improve the calculation accuracy.
  • the specific parameters used in this embodiment calculate that the horizontal radius r is 60km, the horizontal direction angular interval ⁇ is 1°, and the horizontal distance ⁇ r interval is 10m, that is, L is 6000 and J is 360.
  • the wind-related environmental noise field at the receiving point z r can be obtained by superposing the contributions of all sea surface noise sources to the receiving point:
  • ⁇ j and ⁇ l are uniformly distributed random numbers from 0 to 2 ⁇ , representing the random phase information of distance and orientation respectively.
  • the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise field are represented by the ensemble average of the complex conjugate product of the two-point sound field, which is called the noise cross-spectral density. It represents the spatial characteristics of the noise field and is defined as:
  • the noise cross-spectral density can be approximated as:
  • the predicted noise spectral level results NL1(f) and NL2(f) at different frequencies f can be obtained.
  • the present invention also provides a computer device, including: at least one processor, a memory, at least one network interface, and a user interface.
  • the individual components in the device are coupled together via a bus system. It can be understood that the bus system is used to implement connection communication between these components.
  • the bus system also includes a power bus, a control bus and a status signal bus.
  • the user interface may include a display, a keyboard or a clicking device (for example, a mouse, a track ball, a touch pad or a touch screen, etc.).
  • a clicking device for example, a mouse, a track ball, a touch pad or a touch screen, etc.
  • non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may be Random Access Memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • RAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double Data Rate SDRAM DDRSDRAM
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Synchlink DRAM SLDRAM
  • Direct Rambus RAM DRRAM
  • the memory stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof: operating system and application programs.
  • the operating system includes various system programs, such as framework layer, core library layer, driver layer, etc., which are used to implement various basic services and process hardware-based tasks.
  • Applications include various applications, such as media players, browsers, etc., used to implement various application services. Programs that implement methods of embodiments of the present disclosure may be included in application programs.
  • the processor can also call a program or instruction stored in the memory. Specifically, it can be a program or instruction stored in an application program.
  • the processor is used to:
  • the above method can be applied in the processor or implemented by the processor.
  • the processor may be an integrated circuit chip that has signal processing capabilities.
  • each step of the above method can be completed by instructions in the form of hardware integrated logic circuits or software in the processor.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable Logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.
  • the steps of the method disclosed above can be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other mature storage media in this field.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the processing unit can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Logic device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general-purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, and other devices used to perform the functions described in this application electronic unit or combination thereof.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • DSP Device Digital Signal Processing Device
  • DSPD Digital Signal Processing Device
  • PLD programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the technology of the present invention can be implemented by executing functional modules (such as procedures, functions, etc.) of the present invention.
  • Software code may be stored in memory and executed by a processor.
  • the memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.
  • the present invention can also provide a non-volatile storage medium for storing computer programs. Each step in the above method embodiment can be implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.

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Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a marine environment noise forecasting method, comprising: establishing a forecasting sea area three-dimensional seabed model according to a seabed terrain substrate database or an actually measured seabed terrain substrate (1); calculating sea area marine sound channel hydrological conditions by means of actually measured data or a hydrological database (2); obtaining sea surface meteorological conditions such as wind speed and rainfall of a forecasting place by using a meteorological forecasting method such as remote sensing (3); calculating the source intensity of a sea surface noise source per unit area by using wind speed and rainfall data (4); and calculating a sound pressure from a unit source strong sea surface noise source to a receiving point in different directions and distances within the required sea area by using a ray sound propagation method, and further calculating to obtain a noise level of the required position (5).

Description

一种海洋环境噪声预报方法及计算机设备和存储介质A marine environment noise prediction method, computer equipment and storage medium
相关申请Related applications
本申请要求名称为“一种海洋环境噪声预报方法”、于2022年4月19日提交的中国专利申请号为202210408913.1的优先权，在此通过引用包括该件申请。This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application number 202210408913.1, which is titled "A Marine Environmental Noise Forecasting Method" and was submitted on April 19, 2022. This application is hereby included by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及水声工程、海洋工程、声呐技术领域，尤其涉及一种海洋环境噪声的预报方法及计算机设备和存储介质。The invention relates to the technical fields of hydroacoustic engineering, ocean engineering, and sonar, and in particular to a method for predicting marine environmental noise, computer equipment, and storage media.
背景技术Background technique
海洋环境噪声作为水声信道中的一种干扰背景，长期存在于海洋波导中。各种类型的噪声源在不同频段和时间下起不同程度的作用，风生和降雨噪声是海洋信道中高频段噪声的主要成分。在声呐信号处理中，为了准确获知“信噪比”，噪声强度、时空变化特征及统计特性等是声呐***设计与使用必需考虑的参数。由于自然噪声源主导了海洋环境噪声级的基准分布，因此对于海洋环境噪声的研究也有助于海洋风和降雨的研究。Marine environmental noise, as an interference background in underwater acoustic channels, has long existed in ocean waveguides. Various types of noise sources play different roles in different frequency bands and times. Wind-induced and rainfall noise are the main components of high-frequency band noise in ocean channels. In sonar signal processing, in order to accurately obtain the "signal-to-noise ratio", noise intensity, spatiotemporal variation characteristics and statistical characteristics are parameters that must be considered in the design and use of sonar systems. Since natural noise sources dominate the baseline distribution of marine environmental noise levels, the study of marine environmental noise also contributes to the study of ocean wind and rainfall.
由于对环境噪声研究的深入和水声工程实际应用需要，为了充分掌握风速、降雨与相应环境噪声之间的关系，通常需要精确的海洋环境噪声预报模型。可以利用简正波声传播理论建立噪声场模型，发展适合于航道附近的海洋环境噪声预报模型，同时考虑海面均匀分布噪声源和附近离散分布船噪声的影响，参见参考文献[1](“航道附近的海洋环境噪声场模型”，2009年2月发表在《中国科学(G辑:物理学力学天文学》第39期，起始页码为249)，该模型局限性在于只能建立二维海底地形、底质和水文条件的噪声场结果，且计算速度较慢。基于射线理论提出的水平不变环境下的噪声场建模，能够给出了适用于南海区域不同风速条件下噪声深度变化和噪声级的方法，参见参考文献[2](“南海深海风生噪声特性分析及其噪声源模型修正”，2020年9月发表在《声学学报》第45期，起始页码为655)，该模型计算速度快，但该模型的局限性在于只能计算二维海洋环境下的噪声场，另外该模型也无法实现海面风和降雨同时作用情况下的噪声的预报。Due to the in-depth research on environmental noise and the practical application needs of hydroacoustic engineering, in order to fully grasp the relationship between wind speed, rainfall and corresponding environmental noise, an accurate marine environmental noise forecast model is usually required. The normal wave acoustic propagation theory can be used to establish a noise field model and develop a marine environment noise prediction model suitable for near waterways. At the same time, the influence of uniformly distributed noise sources on the sea surface and nearby discretely distributed ship noises can be considered. See reference [1] ("Near Channels"). "Marine Environmental Noise Field Model", published in "Science China (Series G: Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy" Issue 39, starting page 249) in February 2009. The limitation of this model is that it can only establish two-dimensional seabed topography, bottom Noise field results of geophysical and hydrological conditions, and the calculation speed is slow. The noise field modeling in a horizontal constant environment proposed based on ray theory can provide a model suitable for noise depth changes and noise levels under different wind speed conditions in the South China Sea. For the method, please refer to reference [2] ("Analysis of wind-induced noise characteristics in the deep sea of the South China Sea and its noise source model correction", published in the 45th issue of "Acoustica Sinica" in September 2020, starting page number is 655), the calculation speed of this model It is fast, but the limitation of this model is that it can only calculate the noise field in a two-dimensional ocean environment. In addition, this model cannot predict the noise under the simultaneous action of sea surface wind and rainfall.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于，克服现有模型只能计算二维海底地形、底质和水文条件的噪声场结果，计算速度较慢，无法实现海面风和降雨同时作用情况下的噪声的预报等的缺陷，提出了一种基于射线声传播理论计算的，三维海底地形、底质和水文条件噪声场的噪声预报方法。The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing model that can only calculate the noise field results of two-dimensional seabed topography, substrate and hydrological conditions, the calculation speed is slow, and it is unable to predict the noise under the simultaneous action of sea surface wind and rainfall. , proposed a noise prediction method for the three-dimensional seabed topography, substrate and hydrological condition noise field based on the calculation of ray sound propagation theory.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种海洋环境噪声预报方法，利用海域三维海底模型、海域海洋声道水文条件三维模型和预报地点风速、降雨的海面气象状况，利用射线声传播理论计算所需位置的噪声级。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for forecasting marine environmental noise, which uses a three-dimensional seabed model of the sea area, a three-dimensional model of the hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel and the sea surface meteorological conditions of wind speed and rainfall at the forecast location, and uses ray sound propagation theory to calculate the required position. noise level.
基于上述方法的一种改进，所述方法包括：Based on an improvement of the above method, the method includes:
步骤1)：建立预报海域三维海底模型；Step 1): Establish a three-dimensional seabed model of the forecast sea area;
步骤2)：计算海域海洋声道水文条件三维模型；Step 2): Calculate the three-dimensional model of the hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel in the sea area;
步骤3)：遥感等气象预报方法获得预报地点风速、降雨的海面气象状况；Step 3): Use remote sensing and other meteorological forecasting methods to obtain the sea surface meteorological conditions of wind speed and rainfall at the forecast location;
步骤4)：计算海面单位面积噪声源强度；Step 4): Calculate the noise source intensity per unit area of the sea surface;
步骤5)：利用射线声传播理论计算所需海域内不同方位和距离的单位源强海面噪声源到接收点的声压，根据声压进而计算获得所需位置的噪声级。Step 5): Use ray sound propagation theory to calculate the sound pressure from the unit source sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure.
基于上述方法的一种改进，步骤1)为根据海底地形底质数据库或者实测海底地形底质，获得预报海域地形及底质数据，建立海底地形及相应底质的三维海底模型。Based on an improvement of the above method, step 1) is to obtain the predicted sea area topography and sediment data based on the seabed topography and sediment database or the measured seabed topography and sediment, and establish a three-dimensional seabed model of the seabed topography and corresponding substrate.
基于上述方法的一种改进，步骤2)为通过数据库数据导出及外推扩展或者根据实验现场采样计算海域海洋声道水文条件三维模型，即获得相应与三维位置有关的声速c(x,y,z)。Based on an improvement of the above method, step 2) is to calculate the three-dimensional model of the hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel in the sea through database data export and extrapolation expansion or based on experimental site sampling, that is, to obtain the corresponding sound speed c(x, y, related to the three-dimensional position, z).
基于上述方法的一种改进，步骤4)为利用遥感等气象预报方法获得的预报地点的风速、降雨海面气象状况，分别代入风生噪声源级公式和降雨噪声源级公式；Based on an improvement of the above method, step 4) is to substitute the wind speed and rainfall sea surface meteorological conditions at the forecast location obtained by meteorological forecasting methods such as remote sensing into the wind noise source level formula and rainfall noise source level formula respectively;
风生噪声源级公式：Wind noise source level formula:
SLW＝C-alog 10[(f/400) 2+1]+(b+U/2.06)log 10(U/5.15)，500Hz≤f<6400Hz SLW＝C-alog 10 [(f/400) 2 +1]+(b+U/2.06)log 10 (U/5.15), 500Hz≤f<6400Hz
其中，SLW为风生噪声源级；f为频率(单位Hz)；U为海面10m高度处风速(单位m/s)；C为幅度常数项，取值范围是40至70；a为频率有关项，取值范围是2至10；b为风速有关项，取值范围是8至28；Among them, SLW is the wind noise source level; f is the frequency (unit Hz); U is the wind speed at a height of 10m on the sea surface (unit m/s); C is the amplitude constant term, the value range is 40 to 70; a is frequency-related item, the value range is 2 to 10; b is the wind speed related item, the value range is 8 to 28;
降雨噪声源级公式：Rainfall noise source level formula:
SLR＝51+10log 10R，500Hz≤f<6400Hz SLR＝51+10log 10 R，500Hz≤f<6400Hz
其中，SLR为降雨噪声源级；f为频率(单位Hz)；R为海面降雨(单位mm/h)。Among them, SLR is the rainfall noise source level; f is the frequency (unit Hz); R is the sea surface rainfall (unit mm/h).
根据SLW和SLR计算海面单位面积噪声源强度
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000001
表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000002
Calculate the noise source intensity per unit area of the sea surface based on SLW and SLR
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000001
Expressed as:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000002
基于上述方法的一种改进，步骤5)为计算所需海域内不同方位和距离的单位源强海面噪声源到接收点的声压，根据声压进而计算获得所需位置的噪声级。Based on an improvement of the above method, step 5) is to calculate the sound pressure from the unit source sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate and obtain the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure.
声压场建模如图1所示，采用柱坐标系，接收器位于z轴在图中圆柱体中虚线上突出的点1，在水平面内以接收阵为中心计算半径r范围内噪声源产生的噪声场。计算不同方位和距离噪声源到达接收器的声压，将计算海域按照角度分为L个方位分区，再按距离将计算半径划分成J个距离，则计算区域内的海面被划分为与方位角θ l＝l△θ(l＝1,2,…,L)和水平距离r j＝r 0+j△r(j＝1,2,…,J)有关的多个扇环，每个扇环的面积为S j＝r j△θ△r；计算每个扇环内中心声源至接收点的声场，用p(z r,j,l,z s)表示位于水平距离r j、方位θ l、深度z s处的声源在接收位置z r处产生的声压；声压采用射线声传播理论计算，将噪声源位置s(j,l,z s)和接收点位置s(0,0,z r)输入权利要求1所述的三维海底模型和权利要求2所述的水文条件三维模型，计算其经过海底反射或水文折射等传播的矢量轨迹，出射角α 0对应的矢量轨迹定义为s，则对应声压为： The sound pressure field modeling is shown in Figure 1. The cylindrical coordinate system is used. The receiver is located at point 1 where the z-axis protrudes on the dotted line of the cylinder in the figure. The noise source generated within the radius r is calculated with the receiving array as the center in the horizontal plane. noise field. Calculate the sound pressure of noise sources reaching the receiver at different azimuths and distances. Divide the calculation sea area into L azimuth partitions according to angles. Then divide the calculation radius into J distances according to distance. Then the sea surface in the calculation area is divided into azimuth and azimuth partitions. θ l ＝l△θ(l＝1,2,…,L) and multiple fan rings related to the horizontal distance r j ＝r 0 +j△r (j＝1,2,…,J), each sector The area of the ring is S j =r j △θ△r; calculate the sound field from the central sound source to the receiving point in each fan ring, and use p(z r ,j,l,z s ) to express the horizontal distance r j and azimuth θ l , the sound pressure generated by the sound source at depth z s at the receiving position z r ; the sound pressure is calculated using the ray sound propagation theory, and the noise source position s(j,l,z s ) and the receiving point position s(0 ,0,z r ) Input the three-dimensional seabed model of claim 1 and the three-dimensional hydrological condition model of claim 2, calculate its vector trajectory propagated through seafloor reflection or hydrological refraction, and the vector trajectory corresponding to the exit angle α 0 Defined as s, the corresponding sound pressure is:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000003
其中，i为复数单位，ω＝2πf，
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000004
Among them, i is a complex unit, ω=2πf,
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000004
将不同出射角度对应的声压p(s)加和即得p(z r,j,l,z s)； Add the sound pressure p(s) corresponding to different emission angles to get p(z r ,j,l,z s );
当计算频率为f的噪声级时，假设互不相关的海面噪声源随机均匀分布在 海面以下四分之一波长处，即深度
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000005
的无限大平面上，c为权力要求3中声速c(x,y,z)的均值，单位面积的噪声源强度为
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000006
接收点z r处的风关环境噪声场由所有海面噪声源对接收点的贡献叠加获得： When calculating the noise level at frequency f, it is assumed that uncorrelated sea surface noise sources are randomly and evenly distributed at a quarter wavelength below the sea surface, which is the depth
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000005
On the infinite plane, c is the mean value of the sound speed c (x, y, z) in claim 3, and the noise source intensity per unit area is
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000006
The wind environment noise field at the receiving point z r is obtained by superposing the contributions of all sea surface noise sources to the receiving point:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000007
式中Ψ j和Ψ l是0～2π均匀分布的随机数，分别表示距离和方位的随机相位信息。噪声场空间分布特征用两点声场复共轭积的系综平均表示，称为噪声互谱密度，它代表了噪声场的空间特性，定义为： In the formula, Ψ j and Ψ l are uniformly distributed random numbers from 0 to 2π, representing the random phase information of distance and orientation respectively. The spatial distribution characteristics of the noise field are represented by the ensemble average of the complex conjugate product of the two-point sound field, which is called the noise cross-spectral density. It represents the spatial characteristics of the noise field and is defined as:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000008
式中*表示复共轭,<>号表示系综平均。将上式等号右侧系综平均内展开：In the formula, * represents complex conjugate, and <> sign represents ensemble average. Average inner expansion of the ensemble on the right side of the equal sign in the above equation:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000009
假设来自不同扇环面(即l≠l'或j≠j')的噪声是互不相关的，则噪声互谱密度可近似为：Assuming that the noise from different sector torus (i.e. l≠l' or j≠j') is uncorrelated with each other, the noise cross-spectral density can be approximated as:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000010
接收点z r的声压值通过射线计算模型获得。令z r＝z' r,对上式两边取对数获得接收深度处z r的环境噪声强度级： The sound pressure value at the receiving point z r is obtained through the ray calculation model. Let z r = z' r , take the logarithm of both sides of the above equation to obtain the environmental noise intensity level z r at the receiving depth:
NL(z r)＝10*log 10<|P noise(z r)| 2>。 NL(z r )=10*log 10 <|P noise (z r )| 2 >.
声压场建模时，J取值范围是1000至10000，所述L取值范围是72至720。When modeling the sound pressure field, the value range of J is 1000 to 10000, and the value range of L is 72 to 720.
本发明还提供一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如上述任一项所述的方法。The present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, any one of the above is implemented. the method described.
本发明还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序当被处理器执行时使所述处理器执行如上述任一项所述的方法。The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program causes the processor to perform any of the methods described above.
与现有技术相比，本发明的优势在于：Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are:
本发明基于射线声传播理论，建立了海洋环境噪声预报方法，可以利用三维地形、底质、水文等条件建立三维噪声预报模型，利用该方法可以预报该海域在不同海面风速和降雨情况下的不同接受深度的噪声谱级，该方法能够同时考虑风速和降雨的影响预报环境噪声场。Based on the theory of ray sound propagation, the present invention establishes a marine environmental noise prediction method. It can establish a three-dimensional noise prediction model using three-dimensional terrain, bottom material, hydrology and other conditions. This method can be used to predict the different sea surface wind speeds and rainfall conditions in the sea area. By accepting the noise spectrum level at depth, this method can simultaneously consider the effects of wind speed and rainfall to predict the environmental noise field.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1所示为环境噪声场三维模型及海面噪声源分布及计算示意图；Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional model of the environmental noise field and a schematic diagram of the distribution and calculation of sea surface noise sources;
图2所示为海洋环境噪声预报方法流程图；Figure 2 shows the flow chart of the marine environment noise prediction method;
图3所示为实施例中实测东印度洋海域水文条件；Figure 3 shows the measured hydrological conditions of the East Indian Ocean in the embodiment;
图4所示为实施例中相同风速不同降雨条件下实测与模型预报噪声谱结果图。Figure 4 shows the noise spectrum results of actual measurement and model prediction under the same wind speed and different rainfall conditions in the embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明利用数据库或者现场实测数据建立包括三维海底地形、三维海底底质、三维声速剖面在内的三维声道模型，利用遥感等气象预报数据建立海面噪声源模型，继而利用射线声传播方法计算该环境下海域噪声场预报的问题。This invention uses databases or on-site measured data to establish a three-dimensional acoustic channel model including three-dimensional seabed topography, three-dimensional seabed substrate, and three-dimensional sound velocity profiles. It uses remote sensing and other meteorological forecast data to establish a sea surface noise source model, and then uses the ray sound propagation method to calculate the sea surface noise source model. Problems in forecasting noise fields in sea areas under environmental conditions.
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
本发明提出一种海洋环境噪声预报方法及计算机设备和存储介质，基于射线声传播理论实现，所述海洋环境噪声预报方法包括噪声源模型和传播模型；首先根据海底地形底质数据库或者实测海底地形底质建立预报海域的三维海底模型；通过实测水文数据或者水文数据库导出计算海域的海洋声道水文条件三维模型；利用遥感等气象预报方法获得预报地点的风速、降雨等海面气象状况；将海面风速和降雨量作为输入参数输入噪声源强度公式计算海面单位面积噪声源强度；利用射线声传播理论计算所需海域内不同方位和距离的海面噪声源到接收点的声压，根据声压进而计算获得所需位置的噪声级。The present invention proposes a marine environment noise prediction method, computer equipment and storage medium, which are implemented based on ray sound propagation theory. The marine environment noise prediction method includes a noise source model and a propagation model; first, based on the seabed topography substrate database or the measured seabed topography Establish a three-dimensional seabed model for forecasting sea areas; derive and calculate a three-dimensional model of ocean acoustic channel hydrological conditions in the sea area through measured hydrological data or hydrological databases; use remote sensing and other meteorological forecasting methods to obtain sea surface meteorological conditions such as wind speed and rainfall at the forecast location; combine the sea surface wind speed with and rainfall as input parameters, enter the noise source intensity formula to calculate the intensity of the noise source per unit area of the sea surface; use the ray sound propagation theory to calculate the sound pressure from the sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate it based on the sound pressure Noise level at desired location.
如图2所示，本发明实现过程分为以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, the implementation process of the present invention is divided into the following steps:
1：步骤1)建立预报海域三维海底模型。根据相应数据库或者实验现场采样，获得准确可靠的计算海域地形及底质数据，建立海底地形及相应底质的三维模型场。在东印度洋实验中实测海底地形基本没有起伏，看作水平海底，平均海深约为3095m。1: Step 1) Establish a three-dimensional seabed model of the forecast sea area. According to the corresponding database or experimental site sampling, accurate and reliable calculation of sea area topography and substrate data is obtained, and a three-dimensional model field of seabed topography and corresponding substrate is established. In the East Indian Ocean experiment, the measured seabed topography basically had no fluctuations. It was regarded as a horizontal seabed, and the average sea depth was about 3095m.
2：步骤2)计算海域海洋声道水文条件三维模型。通过数据库数据导出或者根据实验现场采样，建立计算海域海洋声道的水文条件三维模型。在东印度洋实验中实测的接收点处的声速剖面，参照图3，实验海域地形平坦声速变化较小，将声道不同位置的声速剖面都采用该声速剖面c(z)。2: Step 2) Calculate the three-dimensional model of hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel in the sea area. Through database data export or based on experimental site sampling, a three-dimensional model of hydrological conditions for calculating ocean sound channels in the sea is established. For the sound velocity profile measured at the receiving point in the East Indian Ocean experiment, refer to Figure 3. The experimental sea area has flat terrain and the sound velocity changes little. The sound velocity profile c(z) is used for the sound velocity profiles at different positions of the sound channel.
3：步骤3)遥感等气象预报方法获得预报地点的风速、降雨海面气象状况。3: Step 3) Use remote sensing and other meteorological forecasting methods to obtain the wind speed, rainfall and sea surface meteorological conditions at the forecast location.
4：步骤4)计算海面单位面积噪声源强度。已知遥感等气象预报方法获得的预报地点的风速、降雨等海面气象状况，分别代入风生噪声源级公式和降雨噪声源级公式；4: Step 4) Calculate the noise source intensity per unit area of the sea surface. It is known that the wind speed, rainfall and other sea surface meteorological conditions at the forecast location obtained by weather forecasting methods such as remote sensing are substituted into the wind noise source level formula and rainfall noise source level formula respectively;
风生噪声源级公式：Wind noise source level formula:
SLW＝C-alog 10[(f/400) 2+1]+(b+U/2.06)log 10(U/5.15)，500Hz≤f<6400Hz SLW＝C-alog 10 [(f/400) 2 +1]+(b+U/2.06)log 10 (U/5.15), 500Hz≤f<6400Hz
其中，SLW为风生噪声源级；U为海面10m高度处风速(单位m/s)；C为幅度常数项，取值范围是40至70；a为频率有关项，取值范围是2至10；b为风速有关项，取值范围是8至28；Among them, SLW is the wind noise source level; U is the wind speed at a height of 10m on the sea surface (unit m/s); C is the amplitude constant term, the value range is 40 to 70; a is the frequency related term, the value range is 2 to 10; b is an item related to wind speed, the value range is 8 to 28;
降雨噪声源级公式：Rainfall noise source level formula:
SLR＝51+10log 10R，500Hz≤f<6400Hz SLR＝51+10log 10 R，500Hz≤f<6400Hz
其中，SLR为降雨噪声源级；f为频率(单位Hz)；U为海面10m高度处风速(单位m/s)，R为海面降雨(单位mm/h)。Among them, SLR is the rainfall noise source level; f is the frequency (unit Hz); U is the wind speed at a height of 10m on the sea surface (unit m/s), and R is the rainfall on the sea surface (unit mm/h).
根据SLW和SLR计算海面单位面积噪声源强度
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000011
表示为： Calculate the noise source intensity per unit area of the sea surface based on SLW and SLR
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000011
Expressed as:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000012
在东印度洋实验中，选取风速为9.8m/s条件下降雨率分别为0mm/h和4mm/h气象条件下不同频率f的实验噪声谱级。In the east Indian Ocean experiment, the experimental noise spectral levels of different frequencies f were selected under the wind speed of 9.8m/s and the rainfall rate of 0mm/h and 4mm/h respectively.
各参数取值为，风速U取9.8m/s，参数C取48.78，a取3.741，b取11.85，得到各频率f的风声噪声源级SLW(f)值如下表：The values of each parameter are: the wind speed U is 9.8m/s, the parameter C is 48.78, a is 3.741, and b is 11.85. The wind noise source level SLW(f) value for each frequency f is obtained in the following table:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000013
将降雨率0mm/h和4mm/h分别代入降雨噪声源级公式：Substitute the rainfall rates of 0mm/h and 4mm/h into the rainfall noise source level formula:
得到两时段降雨噪声源SLR1和SLR2。The rainfall noise sources SLR1 and SLR2 in two periods are obtained.
降雨率0mm/h时：When the rainfall rate is 0mm/h:
SLR1＝0dB,代入
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000014
得到： SLR1＝0dB, substitute
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000014
get:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000015
降雨率4mm/h时：When the rainfall rate is 4mm/h:
SLR2＝57.05dB，代入
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000016
得到： SLR2＝57.05dB, substitute
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000016
get:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000017
5：步骤5)利用射线声传播理论计算所需海域内不同方位和距离的单位源强海面噪声源到接收点的声压，根据声压进而计算获得所需位置的噪声级。计算所需海域内不同方位和距离的单位源强海面噪声源到接收点的声压，根据声压进而计算获得所需位置的噪声级。声压场建模参照图1，采用柱坐标系，接收器位于z轴在图中圆柱体中虚线上突出的点1，在水平面内以接收阵为中心计算半径r范围内噪声源产生的噪声场。计算不同方位和距离噪声源到达接收 器的声压，将计算海域按照角度分为L个方位分区，再按距离将计算半径划分成J个距离，则计算区域内的海面被划分为与方位角θ l＝l△θ(l＝1,2,…,L)和水平距离r j＝r 0+j△r(j＝1,2,…,J)有关的多个扇环，每个扇环的面积为S j＝r j△θ△r。计算每个扇环内中心声源(图1中黑色***点2)至接收点的声场，用p(z r,j,l,z s)表示位于水平距离r j、方位θ l、深度z s处的声源在接收位置z r处产生的声压；声压采用射线声传播理论计算，将噪声源位置s(j,l,z s)和接收点位置s(0,0,z r)输入权利要求1所述的三维海底模型和权利要求2所述的水文条件三维模型，计算其经过海底反射或水文折射等传播的矢量轨迹，出射角α 0对应的矢量轨迹定义为s，则对应声压为： 5: Step 5) Use ray sound propagation theory to calculate the sound pressure from the unit source sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure. Calculate the sound pressure from the unit-strength sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different azimuths and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure. Sound pressure field modeling refers to Figure 1, using the cylindrical coordinate system. The receiver is located at point 1 on the z-axis protruding on the dotted line of the cylinder in the figure. The noise generated by the noise source within the radius r is calculated with the receiving array as the center in the horizontal plane. field. Calculate the sound pressure of noise sources reaching the receiver at different azimuths and distances. Divide the calculation sea area into L azimuth partitions according to angles. Then divide the calculation radius into J distances according to distance. Then the sea surface in the calculation area is divided into azimuth and azimuth partitions. θ l ＝l△θ(l＝1,2,…,L) and multiple fan rings related to the horizontal distance r j ＝r 0 +j△r (j＝1,2,…,J), each sector The area of the ring is S j =r j ΔθΔr. Calculate the sound field from the central sound source (black explosion point 2 in Figure 1) to the receiving point in each fan ring. Use p(z r ,j,l,z s ) to represent the horizontal distance r j , the azimuth θ l , and the depth z The sound pressure generated by the sound source at s at the receiving position z r ; the sound pressure is calculated using the ray sound propagation theory, and the noise source position s(j,l,z s ) and the receiving point position s(0,0,z r ) Input the three-dimensional seabed model of claim 1 and the three-dimensional hydrological condition model of claim 2, and calculate its vector trajectory propagated through seafloor reflection or hydrological refraction. The vector trajectory corresponding to the exit angle α 0 is defined as s, then The corresponding sound pressure is:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000018
其中，i为复数单位，ω＝2πf，
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000019
Among them, i is a complex unit, ω=2πf,
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000019
将不同出射角度对应的声压p(s)加和即得p(z r,j,l,z s)。 Add the sound pressure p(s) corresponding to different emission angles to get p(z r ,j,l,z s ).
实际计算时，考虑到海面不同风速和不同降雨的影响范围有所不同，可以适当调整计算的水平半径r。In actual calculation, considering that the influence ranges of different wind speeds and different rainfalls on the sea surface are different, the calculated horizontal radius r can be appropriately adjusted.
实际计算时，J取值范围在1000～10000，L取值范围在72～720。增大J和L值可以相应的提高计算精度。本实施例中使用的具体参数计算水平半径r为60km，水平方向角间隔△θ为1°，水平距离△r间隔10m，也即L为6000，J为360。In actual calculation, the value range of J is from 1000 to 10000, and the value range of L is from 72 to 720. Increasing the J and L values can correspondingly improve the calculation accuracy. The specific parameters used in this embodiment calculate that the horizontal radius r is 60km, the horizontal direction angular interval Δθ is 1°, and the horizontal distance Δr interval is 10m, that is, L is 6000 and J is 360.
当计算频率为f的噪声级时，需要假设互不相关的海面噪声源随机均匀分布在海面以下四分之一波长处，即深度
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000020
的无限大平面上，c为权力要求3中声速c(x,y,z)的均值，单位面积的噪声源强度为
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000021
为方便表述以下忽略f变量，接收点z r处的风关环境噪声场可以由所有海面噪声源对接收点的贡献叠加获得： When calculating the noise level at frequency f, it is necessary to assume that the uncorrelated sea surface noise sources are randomly and uniformly distributed at a quarter wavelength below the sea surface, that is, the depth
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000020
On the infinite plane, c is the mean value of the sound speed c (x, y, z) in claim 3, and the noise source intensity per unit area is
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000021
In order to facilitate the following expression, the f variable is ignored. The wind-related environmental noise field at the receiving point z r can be obtained by superposing the contributions of all sea surface noise sources to the receiving point:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000022
式中Ψ j和Ψ l是0～2π均匀分布的随机数，分别表示距离和方位的随机相位信息。噪声场空间分布特征用两点声场复共轭积的系综平均表示，称为噪声互谱密度，它代表了噪声场的空间特性，定义为： In the formula, Ψ j and Ψ l are uniformly distributed random numbers from 0 to 2π, representing the random phase information of distance and orientation respectively. The spatial distribution characteristics of the noise field are represented by the ensemble average of the complex conjugate product of the two-point sound field, which is called the noise cross-spectral density. It represents the spatial characteristics of the noise field and is defined as:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000023
式中*表示复共轭,<>号表示系综平均。将上式等号右侧系综平均内展开：In the formula, * represents complex conjugate, and <> sign represents ensemble average. Average inner expansion of the ensemble on the right side of the equal sign in the above equation:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000024
假设来自不同扇环面(即l≠l'或j≠j')的噪声是互不相关的，则噪声互谱密度可近似为：Assuming that the noise from different sector torus (i.e. l≠l' or j≠j') is uncorrelated with each other, the noise cross-spectral density can be approximated as:
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000025
接收点z r的声压值可通过射线计算模型获得。令z r＝z' r,对上式两边取对数便可获得接收深度处z r的环境噪声强度级： The sound pressure value at the receiving point z r can be obtained through the ray calculation model. Let z r = z' r , and take the logarithm of both sides of the above equation to obtain the environmental noise intensity level z r at the receiving depth:
NL(z r)＝10*log 10<|P noise(zr)| 2> NL(z r )＝10*log 10 <|P noise (zr)| 2 >
将步骤3中计算得到的两种海面气象条件下各频率f的噪声源强
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000026
分别代入公式： The noise source intensity at each frequency f calculated in step 3 under the two sea surface meteorological conditions is
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000026
Substitute into the formulas respectively:
NN(z r)＝10*log 10<|P noise(z r)| 2>， NN(z r )＝10*log 10 <|P noise (z r )| 2 >,
即可得到不同频率f预报噪声谱级结果NL1(f)和NL2(f)。The predicted noise spectral level results NL1(f) and NL2(f) at different frequencies f can be obtained.
在东印度洋实验中，实验结果参照图4中实线和虚线，具体数值如下：In the East Indian Ocean experiment, the experimental results refer to the solid and dotted lines in Figure 4. The specific values are as follows:
NL1(f):NL1(f):
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000027
NL2(f):NL2(f):
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-000029
通过实际例子得到的验证结果表明，本发明的方法可以有效预报在东印度洋海域，不同海面风速和降雨状况下的海洋环境噪声。The verification results obtained through actual examples show that the method of the present invention can effectively predict marine environmental noise in the East Indian Ocean under different sea surface wind speeds and rainfall conditions.
本发明还可提供的一种计算机设备，包括：至少一个处理器、存储器、至少一个网络接口和用户接口。该设备中的各个组件通过总线***耦合在一起。可理解，总线***用于实现这些组件之间的连接通信。总线***除包括数据总线之外，还包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线。The present invention also provides a computer device, including: at least one processor, a memory, at least one network interface, and a user interface. The individual components in the device are coupled together via a bus system. It can be understood that the bus system is used to implement connection communication between these components. In addition to the data bus, the bus system also includes a power bus, a control bus and a status signal bus.
其中，用户接口可以包括显示器、键盘或者点击设备(例如，鼠标，轨迹球(track ball)、触感板或者触摸屏等。Among them, the user interface may include a display, a keyboard or a clicking device (for example, a mouse, a track ball, a touch pad or a touch screen, etc.).
可以理解，本申请公开实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DRRAM)。本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。It can be understood that the memory in the disclosed embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may be Random Access Memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of illustration, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (Static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (Dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (Double Data Rate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memories described herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.
在一些实施方式中，存储器存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集：操作***和应用程序。In some embodiments, the memory stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof: operating system and application programs.
其中，操作***，包含各种***程序，例如框架层、核心库层、驱动层等，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。应用程序，包含各种应用程序，例如媒体播放器(Media Player)、浏览器(Browser)等，用于实现各种应用业务。实现本公开实施例方法的程序可以包含在应用程序中。Among them, the operating system includes various system programs, such as framework layer, core library layer, driver layer, etc., which are used to implement various basic services and process hardware-based tasks. Applications include various applications, such as media players, browsers, etc., used to implement various application services. Programs that implement methods of embodiments of the present disclosure may be included in application programs.
在本上述的实施例中，还可通过调用存储器存储的程序或指令，具体的，可 以是应用程序中存储的程序或指令，处理器用于：In the above-mentioned embodiments, the processor can also call a program or instruction stored in the memory. Specifically, it can be a program or instruction stored in an application program. The processor is used to:
执行上述方法的步骤。Follow the steps of the above method.
上述方法可以应用于处理器中，或者由处理器实现。处理器可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FieldProgrammable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行上述公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合上述公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。The above method can be applied in the processor or implemented by the processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip that has signal processing capabilities. During the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by instructions in the form of hardware integrated logic circuits or software in the processor. The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable Logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. Each method, step and logical block diagram disclosed above can be implemented or executed. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed above can be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other mature storage media in this field. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
可以理解的是，本发明描述的这些实施例可以用硬件、软件、固件、中间件、微码或其组合来实现。对于硬件实现，处理单元可以实现在一个或多个专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuits，ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processing，DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSP Device，DSPD)、可编程逻辑设备(Programmable Logic Device，PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、通用处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、用于执行本申请所述功能的其它电子单元或其组合中。It will be understood that the embodiments described in the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Logic device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general-purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, and other devices used to perform the functions described in this application electronic unit or combination thereof.
对于软件实现，可通过执行本发明的功能模块(例如过程、函数等)来实现本发明技术。软件代码可存储在存储器中并通过处理器执行。存储器可以在处理器中或在处理器外部实现。For software implementation, the technology of the present invention can be implemented by executing functional modules (such as procedures, functions, etc.) of the present invention. Software code may be stored in memory and executed by a processor. The memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.
本发明还可提供一种非易失性存储介质，用于存储计算机程序。当该计算机程序被处理器执行时可以实现上述方法实施例中的各个步骤。The present invention can also provide a non-volatile storage medium for storing computer programs. Each step in the above method embodiment can be implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.
最后所应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制。尽管参照实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，都不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they shall all be covered by the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种海洋环境噪声预报方法，其特征在于，利用海域三维海底模型、海域海洋声道水文条件三维模型和预报地点风速、降雨的海面气象状况，利用射线声传播理论计算所需位置的噪声级。A method for predicting marine environmental noise, which is characterized by using a three-dimensional seabed model of the sea area, a three-dimensional model of the hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel and the sea surface meteorological conditions of wind speed and rainfall at the forecast location, and using ray sound propagation theory to calculate the noise level at the required location.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的海洋环境噪声预报方法，其特征在于，包括：The method for predicting marine environmental noise according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes:
    步骤1)：建立预报海域三维海底模型；Step 1): Establish a three-dimensional seabed model of the forecast sea area;
    步骤2)：计算海域海洋声道水文条件三维模型；Step 2): Calculate the three-dimensional model of the hydrological conditions of the ocean sound channel in the sea area;
    步骤3)：遥感等气象预报方法获得预报地点风速、降雨的海面气象状况；Step 3): Use remote sensing and other meteorological forecasting methods to obtain the sea surface meteorological conditions of wind speed and rainfall at the forecast location;
    步骤4)：计算海面单位面积噪声源强度；Step 4): Calculate the noise source intensity per unit area of the sea surface;
    步骤5)：利用射线声传播理论计算所需海域内不同方位和距离的单位源强海面噪声源到接收点的声压，根据声压进而计算所需位置的噪声级。Step 5): Use ray sound propagation theory to calculate the sound pressure from the unit source sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate the noise level at the required location based on the sound pressure.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的海洋环境噪声预报方法，其特征在于，步骤1)为根据海底地形底质数据库或者实测海底地形底质，获得预报海域地形及底质数据，建立海底地形及相应底质的三维海底模型。The method for forecasting marine environmental noise according to claim 2, characterized in that step 1) is to obtain the predicted sea area topography and bottom material data based on the sea bottom topography and bottom material database or the measured sea bottom topography and bottom material, and establish the sea bottom topography and corresponding bottom material. 3D seabed model.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的海洋环境噪声预报方法，其特征在于，步骤2)为通过数据库数据导出及外推扩展或者根据实验现场采样计算海域海洋声道水文条件三维模型，获得相应与三维位置有关的声速c(x,y,z)。The method for predicting marine environmental noise according to claim 2, characterized in that step 2) is to calculate a three-dimensional model of ocean sound channel hydrological conditions in the sea area through database data derivation and extrapolation expansion or based on experimental site sampling, and obtain corresponding three-dimensional positions. The speed of sound c(x,y,z).
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的海洋环境噪声预报方法，其特征在于，步骤4)为利用遥感等气象预报方法获得的预报地点的风速、降雨海面气象状况，分别代入风生噪声源级公式和降雨噪声源级公式；The marine environment noise forecasting method according to claim 2, characterized in that step 4) is to use the wind speed and rainfall sea surface meteorological conditions of the forecast location obtained by remote sensing and other meteorological forecasting methods, and substitute them into the wind noise source level formula and rainfall noise respectively. source level formula;
    风生噪声源级公式：Wind noise source level formula:
    SLW＝C-alog 10[(f/400) 2+1]+(b+U/2.06)log 10(U/5.15)，500Hz≤f<6400Hz SLW＝C-alog 10 [(f/400) 2 +1]+(b+U/2.06)log 10 (U/5.15), 500Hz≤f<6400Hz
    其中，SLW为风生噪声源级；f为频率(单位Hz)；U为海面10m高度处风速(单位m/s)；C为幅度常数项，取值范围是40至70；a为频率有关项，取值范围是2至10；b为风速有关项，取值范围是8至28；Among them, SLW is the wind noise source level; f is the frequency (unit Hz); U is the wind speed at a height of 10m on the sea surface (unit m/s); C is the amplitude constant term, the value range is 40 to 70; a is frequency-related item, the value range is 2 to 10; b is the wind speed related item, the value range is 8 to 28;
    降雨噪声源级公式：Rainfall noise source level formula:
    SLR＝51+10log 10R，500Hz≤f<6400Hz SLR＝51+10log 10 R，500Hz≤f<6400Hz
    其中，SLR为降雨噪声源级；f为频率(单位Hz)；R为海面降雨(单位mm/h)；Among them, SLR is the rainfall noise source level; f is the frequency (unit Hz); R is the sea surface rainfall (unit mm/h);
    根据SLW和SLR计算海面单位面积噪声源强度
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100001
    表示为：
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100002
    Calculate the noise source intensity per unit area of the sea surface based on SLW and SLR
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100001
    Expressed as:
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100002
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的海洋环境噪声预报方法，其特征在于，步骤5)为计算所需海域内不同方位和距离的单位源强海面噪声源到接收点的声压，根据声压进而计算获得所需位置的噪声级；The marine environment noise forecasting method according to claim 2, characterized in that step 5) is to calculate the sound pressure from the unit source intensity sea surface noise source to the receiving point at different directions and distances in the required sea area, and then calculate and obtain the sound pressure according to the sound pressure Noise level at desired location;
    声压场建模采用柱坐标系，接收器位于圆柱体轴线上；在水平面内以接收阵为中心计算半径r范围内噪声源产生的噪声场；The sound pressure field is modeled using a cylindrical coordinate system, with the receiver located on the axis of the cylinder; the noise field generated by the noise source within the radius r is calculated with the receiving array as the center in the horizontal plane;
    计算不同方位和距离噪声源到达接收器的声压，将计算海域按照角度分为L个方位分区，再按距离将计算半径划分成J个距离，则计算区域内的海面被划分为与方位角θ l＝l△θ(l＝1,2,…,L)和水平距离r j＝r 0+j△r(j＝1,2,…,J)有关的多个扇环，每个扇环的面积为S j＝r j△θ△r； Calculate the sound pressure of noise sources reaching the receiver at different azimuths and distances. Divide the calculation sea area into L azimuth partitions according to angles. Then divide the calculation radius into J distances according to distance. Then the sea surface in the calculation area is divided into azimuth and azimuth partitions. θ l ＝l△θ(l＝1,2,…,L) and multiple fan rings related to the horizontal distance r j ＝r 0 +j△r (j＝1,2,…,J), each sector The area of the ring is S j =r j △θ△r;
    计算每个扇环内中心声源至接收点的声场，用p(z r,j,l,z s)表示位于水平距离r j、方位θ l、深度z s处的声源在接收位置z r处产生的声压；声压采用射线声传播理论计算，将噪声源位置s(j,l,z s)和接收点位置s(0,0,z r)输入权利要求1所述的三维海底模型和权利要求2所述的水文条件三维模型，计算其经过海底反射或水文折射等传播的矢量轨迹，出射角α 0对应的矢量轨迹定义为s，则对应声压为： Calculate the sound field from the central sound source to the receiving point in each fan ring, and use p(z r ,j,l,z s ) to represent the sound source located at the horizontal distance r j , azimuth θ l , and depth z s at the receiving position z The sound pressure generated at r ; the sound pressure is calculated using the ray sound propagation theory, and the noise source position s (j, l, z s ) and the receiving point position s (0, 0, z r ) are input into the three-dimensional system described in claim 1 The seabed model and the three-dimensional model of hydrological conditions described in claim 2 are used to calculate the vector trajectory propagated through seabed reflection or hydrological refraction. The vector trajectory corresponding to the exit angle α 0 is defined as s, and the corresponding sound pressure is:
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100003
    其中，i为复数单位，ω＝2πf，
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100004
    Among them, i is a complex unit, ω=2πf,
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100004
    将不同出射角度对应的声压p(s)加和即得p(z r,j,l,z s)； Add the sound pressure p(s) corresponding to different emission angles to get p(z r ,j,l,z s );
    计算频率为f的噪声级时，假设互不相关的海面噪声源随机均匀分布在海面以下四分之一波长处，即深度
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100005
    的无限大平面上，c为权力要求3中声速c(x,y,z)的均值，单位面积的噪声源强度为
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100006
    接收点z r处的风关环境噪声场由所有海面噪声源对接收点的贡献叠加获得：     When calculating the noise level at frequency f, it is assumed that uncorrelated sea surface noise sources are randomly and evenly distributed at a quarter wavelength below the sea surface, that is, the depth
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100005
    On the infinite plane, c is the mean value of the sound speed c (x, y, z) in claim 3, and the noise source intensity per unit area is
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100006
    The wind environment noise field at the receiving point z r is obtained by superposing the contributions of all sea surface noise sources to the receiving point:
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100007
    式中Ψ j和Ψ l是0～2π均匀分布的随机数，分别表示距离和方位的随机相位信息；噪声场空间分布特征用两点声场复共轭积的系综平均表示，称为噪声互谱密度，它代表了噪声场的空间特性，定义为： In the formula, Ψ j and Ψ l are uniformly distributed random numbers from 0 to 2π, representing the random phase information of distance and azimuth respectively; the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise field are represented by the ensemble average of the complex conjugate product of the two-point sound field, which is called noise interaction. Spectral density, which represents the spatial characteristics of the noise field, is defined as:
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100008
    式中*表示复共轭,<>号表示系综平均；In the formula, * represents complex conjugate, and <> sign represents ensemble average;
    将上式等号右侧系综平均内展开：Average inner expansion of the ensemble on the right side of the equal sign in the above equation:
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100009
    假设来自不同扇环面(即l≠l'或j≠j')的噪声是互不相关的，则噪声互谱密度近似为：Assuming that the noise from different sector torus (i.e. l≠l' or j≠j') is uncorrelated with each other, the noise cross-spectral density is approximately:
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2022125400-appb-100010
    接收点z r的声压值通过射线计算模型获得，令z r＝z' r,对上式两边取对数获得接收深度处z r的环境噪声强度级： The sound pressure value of the receiving point z r is obtained through the ray calculation model, let z r = z' r , and take the logarithm of both sides of the above formula to obtain the environmental noise intensity level of z r at the receiving depth:
    NL(z r)＝10*log 10<P noise(z r)| 2>。 NL(z r )=10*log 10 <P noise (z r )| 2 >.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的海洋环境噪声预报方法，其特征在于，所述J取值范围是1000至10000，所述L取值范围是72至720。The marine environment noise prediction method according to claim 6, characterized in that the J value range is 1000 to 10000, and the L value range is 72 to 720.
  8. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述 处理器上运行的计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法。A computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, it implements claims 1 to 1 The method described in any one of 7.
  9. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序当被处理器执行时使所述处理器执行如权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法。A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when executed by a processor, the computer program causes the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7. method described.
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