WO2023201891A1 - Fe-ni-cr welding wire and preparation method and welding process therefor - Google Patents

Fe-ni-cr welding wire and preparation method and welding process therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023201891A1
WO2023201891A1 PCT/CN2022/102488 CN2022102488W WO2023201891A1 WO 2023201891 A1 WO2023201891 A1 WO 2023201891A1 CN 2022102488 W CN2022102488 W CN 2022102488W WO 2023201891 A1 WO2023201891 A1 WO 2023201891A1
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powder
welding
welding wire
skin
medicinal
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PCT/CN2022/102488
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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刘福广
杨二娟
米紫昊
王博
李勇
王艳松
刘刚
杨兰
韩天鹏
孙睿
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西安热工研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2023201891A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023201891A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of alloy welding, and specifically to an Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and its preparation method and welding process.
  • High-temperature gas-cooled reactor refers to reactor technology that uses helium as the coolant. It has the advantages of good safety, high efficiency, good economy, and wide range of uses.
  • the steam generator is one of the most critical equipment in the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power system.
  • the heat transfer tube is an important component of the pressure boundary of the primary loop. It is an important barrier to prevent the leakage of radioactive fission products and is also the weakest link in the primary loop system. .
  • the heat transfer tube will be washed away by high temperature, high pressure and high radiation dose media for a long time, which will cause mechanical or chemical damage, causing damage to the heat transfer tube and leakage of radioactive coolant, causing serious adverse social reactions and Huge economic losses require sealing of damaged heat transfer tubes to avoid major accidents.
  • heat transfer tubes in different temperature sections are made of different materials.
  • the material of the superheated section of the heat transfer tube (service temperature is about 570°C) is Incoloy 800H, which belongs to the Fe-Ni-Cr series alloy.
  • the Cr content in the alloy is 19-23%, the Ni content is 30-35%, and the rest is mainly Fe element .
  • Incoloy 800H material needs to be used to plug the tube.
  • Welding pipe plugging is a commonly used pipe plugging technology and has the advantages of high strength and good sealing.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire to weld heat transfer tubes and plugs made of 800H steel to achieve tube plugging and ensure high tensile strength and elongation of the welded part. and better sealing.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention is used for welding 800H steel.
  • the welding wire includes a welding skin and a powder wrapped in the welding skin.
  • the powder includes ingredients in mass percentage:
  • Ni powder is: 60.0-65.0%
  • Cr powder is: 15.0-20.0%
  • Mn powder is: 8.0-10.0%
  • Ce powder is: 0.01-0.05%
  • Nb powder and W powder The sum of the mass percentages of Nb powder and W powder is: 3.0-4.0%;
  • the rest is Fe powder
  • the sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100%.
  • the particle size of the Ni powder, the Cr powder, the Mn powder, the Ce powder, the Nb powder, the W powder, and the Fe powder is: 100-200 mesh.
  • the core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%
  • the diameter range of the welding wire is: 1.0-1.2mm.
  • the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm and a width of 6-8mm.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention is mainly Fe-Ni-Cr and has excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. Based on the chemical composition of the base material 800H and taking into account the element transition situation during the welding process, it is suitable for Welding between the heat transfer tube 800H of nuclear power high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and its plug material 800H.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has a reasonable chemical composition, in which the main elements include Fe powder, Ni powder, Cr powder, and Mn powder.
  • the cladding metal is mainly a ⁇ phase structure, and the Ni element has the ability to expand the weld seam.
  • the Mn element improves the cracking resistance of the weld, and Cr can increase the solid solubility of the other alloy elements. After W and Nb solid solution enter the ⁇ phase, they will also increase the solid solubility of the Cr element, thus improving the
  • the strengthening effect of the weld that is, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has good compatibility with the 800H base metal, and the tensile strength and elongation of the weld can still be maintained at a high level.
  • the test results show that the tensile strength of the obtained weld at room temperature can reach more than 590MPa, and the elongation can reach 36%, and the 600°C environment The tensile strength in the welded joint can reach more than 480MPa. It is obvious that the welded joint can ensure high tensile strength, elongation and good sealing of the welded part under normal and high temperature conditions.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, which is used to prepare the above-mentioned Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire.
  • the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • Drying the medicinal powder heating the medicinal powder in a vacuum environment to remove crystal water in the medicinal powder, where the heating temperature range is: 250-300°C, and the holding time range is: 1-3h;
  • Wrapping the powder remove the grease on the surface of the welding skin, and then wrap the mixed powder in the welding skin;
  • Welding wire drawing Welding wire is made by drawing process.
  • step of drawing the welding wire multiple drawing processes are adopted, and the aperture of the drawing mold is successively reduced.
  • the step of packaging the welding wire is also included: winding the welding wire on the welding wire spool and sealing it in a vacuum environment.
  • the particle size of the Ni powder, the Cr powder, the Mn powder, the Ce powder, the Nb powder, the W powder, and the Fe powder is: 100-200 mesh.
  • the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm and a width of 6-8mm;
  • the flux core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%;
  • the diameter range of the welding wire is: 1.0-1.2mm.
  • the above-mentioned welding wire can be prepared.
  • the tensile strength of the obtained weld seam at room temperature is It can reach more than 590MPa, the elongation can reach 36%, and the tensile strength in a 600°C environment can reach more than 480MPa. It is obvious that the welded joint can ensure high tensile strength, elongation and Better sealing; that is, it has all the advantages of the above-mentioned Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, which will not be described again here.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide a welding process of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire.
  • the above-mentioned welding wire is used to weld the parts to be welded.
  • the welding part of the parts to be welded and the welding wire are placed in a protective gas atmosphere;
  • the thickness range of the welding part of the parts to be welded is: 8-12mm, the groove is V-shaped, and the angle range of the groove is: 50-70°;
  • the protective gas percentage includes the following components: Ar content is 97-99%, O 2 content is 1-3%;
  • the welding current range is: 150-200A;
  • the welding speed is: 50-60cm/min;
  • the wire feeding speed is: 4-6m/min.
  • the tensile strength of the resulting weld at room temperature can reach more than 590MPa
  • the elongation can reach 36%
  • the tensile strength in a 600°C environment can Reaching more than 480MPa
  • Figure 1 is a low-magnification microstructure morphology diagram of the cross section of a butt weld. It can be seen from the figure that the weld is mainly a ⁇ austenite structure, showing a typical columnar crystal + equiaxed crystal morphology.
  • Figure 2 shows the high-magnification microstructure morphology of the butt weld cross section under a scanning electron microscope. It can be seen from the figure that carbide particles precipitate between the dendrites, and the energy spectrum detection results show that they are mainly NbC and WC.
  • Figure 3 shows the interface morphology between the weld and the base metal. It can be seen from the figure that the fusion line is clear, the interface is well combined, and there are no pores or crack defects.
  • Figure 4 shows the room temperature tensile fracture morphology of the butt joint. It can be seen from the figure that the weld is mainly dimple morphology and has good toughness.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and its preparation method and welding process to weld heat transfer tubes and plugs made of 800H steel to achieve tube plugging and ensure high tensile strength of the welded part. , elongation and better sealing.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided in this embodiment includes a welding skin and a powder wrapped in the welding skin.
  • the powder includes ingredients in mass percentage: Ni powder: 60.0-65.0%; Cr powder: 15.0-20.0%; Mn powder: 8.0-10.0%; Ce powder: 0.01-0.05%; the sum of the mass percentages of Nb powder and W powder is: 3.0-4.0%; the rest is Fe powder; among them, the above components The sum of mass percentages is 100%.
  • the main alloying elements in flux-cored wire are Fe, Ni, and Cr, which are provided by welding skin and powder respectively:
  • the Fe element content in the welding wire is very high.
  • the element with the highest content in the base material Incoloy 800H is Fe. Therefore, the Fe-based welding wire can ensure a good thermophysical performance match with the base material (linear expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, etc.) , thereby reducing joint stress concentration.
  • Ni element content (60.0-65.0%) in the welding wire is very high.
  • Ni is an element that stabilizes the ⁇ -austenite phase zone.
  • the high Ni content can ensure that the clad metal has an austenite structure.
  • Ni has excellent corrosion resistance. It can ensure that the clad metal has excellent corrosion resistance.
  • the Cr element content (15.0-20.0%) in the welding wire is relatively high. Cr reacts with O at high temperatures to form Cr 2 O 3 , which adheres to the surface of the cladding metal and can improve its anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion properties. In addition, Cr is also a strong carbide-forming element and reacts with C element to form M 23 C 6 carbide, which plays a role in second phase strengthening.
  • Mn powder A certain content (8.0-10.0%) of Mn powder is added to the flux-cored wire powder.
  • Mn can effectively improve the cracking resistance of austenitic welds.
  • Mn also has a deoxidizing effect.
  • the addition of Mn can reduce the oxygen content of the clad metal and reduce the generation of pores.
  • Nb powder + W powder is added to the flux cored wire powder.
  • the addition of these two elements can play a role in solid solution strengthening and improve the strength of the clad metal.
  • the addition of W element can effectively improve the wear resistance of the clad metal by forming carbides.
  • Ce can purify the austenite weld grain boundaries and improve the grain boundary bonding force, thereby further improving the strength and toughness of the clad metal.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is mainly Fe-Ni-Cr and has excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. It is based on the chemical composition of the base material 800H and takes into account the elements in the welding process. The transition situation is suitable for the welding between the heat transfer tube 800H of nuclear power high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and its plug material 800H.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has a reasonable chemical composition, in which the main elements include Fe powder, Ni powder, Cr powder, and Mn powder.
  • the cladding metal is mainly a ⁇ phase structure, and the Ni element has the ability to expand the weld seam.
  • the Mn element improves the cracking resistance of the weld, and Cr can increase the solid solubility of the other alloy elements. After W and Nb solid solution enter the ⁇ phase, they will also increase the solid solubility of the Cr element, thus improving the
  • the strengthening effect of the weld that is, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has good compatibility with the 800H base metal, and the tensile strength and elongation of the weld can still be maintained at a high level.
  • the results of this example show that after the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention is used to weld 800H base metal, the tensile strength of the obtained weld at room temperature can reach more than 590MPa, and the elongation can reach 36%, 600 The tensile strength in °C environment can reach more than 480MPa. It is obvious that the welded joint can ensure high tensile strength, elongation and good sealing of the welded part under normal temperature and high temperature conditions.
  • the mass percentage of each component in the embodiment of the present invention can be selected as follows:
  • Ni powder is: 60.0%, 61.0%, 62.2%, 63.0%, 64.0%, 65.0%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage value points;
  • Cr powder is: 15.0%, 16.0%, 17.0%, 18.0%, 19.0%, 20.0%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage value points;
  • Mn powder is: 8.0%, 8.5%, 9.0%, 9.5%, 10.0%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage value points;
  • Ce powder is: 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.045%, 0.05%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage value points;
  • the sum of the mass percentages of Nb powder and W powder is: 3.0%, 3.2%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4.0%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage points.
  • the particle sizes of Ni powder, Cr powder, Mn powder, Ce powder, Nb powder, W powder and Fe powder are all: 100-200 mesh.
  • the core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%.
  • the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm and a width of 6-8mm.
  • the thickness of the welding skin is selected to be 0.4mm, and the width is selected to be 7mm.
  • the preparation method of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided in this embodiment is used to prepare the above-mentioned Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, including the following steps:
  • Drying the medicinal powder Place the medicinal powder in a vacuum environment (for example, a vacuum heating furnace) and heat it to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder.
  • a vacuum environment for example, a vacuum heating furnace
  • the heating temperature range is: 250-300°C
  • the holding time range is: 1-3h;
  • Mixing medicinal powder fully mix the dried medicinal powder, the mixing time range is: 1-2h; specifically, the dried medicinal powder can be placed in a powder mixer for mixing;
  • Wrapping the powder remove the grease on the surface of the welding skin, and then wrap the mixed powder in the welding skin; specifically, the welding skin is made of 310S stainless steel, and flux-cored wire drawing equipment is used to wrap the above-mentioned powder in the welding skin (strip steel) ;
  • Welding wire drawing The drawing process is used to draw the wire to make the welding wire. Specifically, the drawing die is used to draw the welding wire. A multi-pass drawing process is used. The aperture of the first drawing die is 2.6mm, and the drawing die in the subsequent process The pore diameter gradually decreases.
  • the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm, preferably 0.4mm, and a width of 6-8mm, preferably 7mm; the core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%; The core diameter range of the welding wire is: 1.0-1.2mm.
  • it also includes a step of packaging the welding wire: winding the welding wire on the welding wire spool and sealing it in a vacuum environment. For example, after winding the welding wire on the welding wire spool, it is sealed in a vacuum packaging bag for use.
  • the particle size of Ni powder, Cr powder, Mn powder, Ce powder, Nb powder, W powder and Fe powder is: 100-200 mesh.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire welding process uses the above-mentioned welding wire to weld the parts to be welded. During welding, the welding part of the parts to be welded and the welding wire are placed in a protective gas atmosphere.
  • the above-mentioned Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire is used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal.
  • the thickness of the welding part of the parts to be welded ranges from: 8-12mm, preferably 10mm; the groove is V Type, the angle range of the groove is: 50-70°, preferably 60°;
  • the protective gas percentage includes components: Ar content is 97-99%, O 2 content is 1-3%; preferably: Ar content is 98%, O 2 content is 2%;
  • the beneficial effects of the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and its preparation method and welding process provided by the embodiments of the present invention are: (1)
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiments of the present invention is suitable for high temperature nuclear power Welding between the gas-cooled reactor heat transfer tube (Incoloy 800H material) and its plug material (Incoloy 800H material);
  • the welding wire cladding metal alloy is mainly Fe-Ni-Cr, which has excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance .
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is designed to match the welding wire alloy system based on the chemical composition of the base material Incoloy 800H and taking into account the element transition during the welding process.
  • 310S stainless steel with high Ni and Cr content was selected as the steel strip for flux-cored welding wire, and powdered alloy elements were added to match the composition of the base material; on this basis, the craftsmanship of the welding process and the shaping of the weld were also taken into consideration. , increasing the Mn element content, thereby improving the cracking resistance of the weld; at the same time, adding W and Nb elements achieves solid solution strengthening of the weld metal, and adding rare earth Ce elements strengthens the grain boundaries.
  • the excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is achieved by the combination effect of multiple alloy elements, and is not the function of a single element.
  • the cladding metal of this welding wire is mainly composed of ⁇ phase.
  • Cr can increase the solid solubility of other alloying elements.
  • W and Nb are solid dissolved into the ⁇ phase, Cr will also increase.
  • the solid solubility of the elements improves the strengthening effect of the welding wire.
  • the Ni element has the effect of expanding the austenite phase area
  • the Cr, Nb, and W elements have the ability to be solid dissolved in the ⁇ phase.
  • Cr has the general function of forming dense Cr 2 O 3 at high temperatures and protecting the cladding metal. However, when the Cr content is less than 10%, this effect is not significant.
  • Nb and W elements when added in small amounts into the weld metal, mainly play a solid solution strengthening role. When their added amount exceeds the solid solubility of the alloy, they will NbC and WC substances are formed to form a second phase strengthening.
  • the sum of the contents of Nb and W in this application is 3.0-4.0%, which can form either a solid solution strengthening effect or a carbide strengthening effect, that is, the second phase. phase strengthening.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is drawn by wrapping alloy powder with 310S stainless steel strips. Compared with traditional solid welding wire, the preparation process is simple, the cycle is short, and the cost is low.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a flux-cored welding wire and has the characteristics of higher cladding efficiency than solid welding wire. Therefore, in large-scale engineering applications, production efficiency can be significantly improved.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used for both melting electrode welding (MIG/MAG) and non-melting electrode welding (TIG), and has a wide range of applications.
  • MIG/MAG melting electrode welding
  • TOG non-melting electrode welding
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good fusion with the 800H alloy base metal and is suitable for welding of the 800H alloy base metal.
  • Step 1 Weigh the medicinal powder: Weigh the medicinal powder according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 60.0%, Cr powder 15.0%, Mn powder 8.0%, Nb+W powder 3.0%, Ce powder 0.01%, and the rest is Fe powder, above The sum of the component mass percentages is 100%;
  • Step 2 dry the medicinal powder: place the medicinal powder weighed in step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace.
  • the heating temperature is 250°C and the holding time is 1 hour to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
  • Step 3 Mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing.
  • the mixing time is 1 hour;
  • Step 4 Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
  • Step 5 Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire.
  • the first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm.
  • Step 6 Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 1 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal.
  • the thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm
  • the groove was a V-shaped groove
  • the angle was 60°.
  • Select the CMT welding power source, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
  • the weld structure is ⁇ austenite structure
  • the average microhardness of the weld is 230HV0.1
  • the room temperature tensile strength of the joint is 580MPa
  • the joint is welded.
  • the high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 470MPa
  • the elongation after joint breakage is 30%.
  • Step 1 weigh the medicinal powder: Weigh the medicinal powder according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 65.0%, Cr powder 20.0%, Mn powder 10.0%, Nb+W powder 4.0%, Ce powder 0.05%, and the rest is Fe powder, above The sum of the component mass percentages is 100%;
  • Step 2 dry the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder weighed in step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace.
  • the heating temperature is 300°C and the holding time is 3 hours to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
  • Step 3 mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing.
  • the mixing time is 2 hours;
  • Step 4 Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
  • Step 5 Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire.
  • the first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm.
  • Step 6 Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 2 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal.
  • the thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm
  • the groove was a V-shaped groove
  • the angle was 60°.
  • CMT welding power source is used, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
  • the weld structure is ⁇ austenite structure.
  • the average microhardness of the weld is 236HV0.1.
  • the room temperature tensile strength of the joint as welded is 589MPa.
  • the high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 480MPa, and the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 34%.
  • Step 1 Weigh the medicinal powder: Weigh the medicinal powder according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 63.0%, Cr powder 17.0%, Mn powder 9.0%, Nb+W powder 3.5%, Ce powder 0.03%, and the rest is Fe powder, above The sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
  • Step 2 dry the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder weighed in Step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace.
  • the heating temperature is 290°C and the holding time is 2.3h to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
  • Step 3 Mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing. The mixing time is 1.8 hours;
  • Step 4 Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
  • Step 5 Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire.
  • the first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm.
  • Step 6 Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 3 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal.
  • the thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm
  • the groove was a V-shaped groove
  • the angle was 60°.
  • CMT welding power source is used, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
  • the welded Incoloy 800H butt joint has no macro cracks.
  • the weld structure is ⁇ austenite structure
  • the average microhardness of the weld is 225HV0.1
  • the room temperature tensile strength of the joint is 600MPa
  • the joint is welded.
  • the high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 476MPa
  • the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 31%.
  • Step 1 Weigh the medicinal powders according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 64.0%, Cr powder 16.0%, Mn powder 8.5%, Nb+W powder 3.2%, Ce powder 0.04%, and the rest is Fe powder.
  • the mass percentage of the above components The sum is 100%;
  • Step 2 dry the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder weighed in step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace. The heating temperature is 260°C and the holding time is 1.3h to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
  • Step 3 Mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing. The mixing time is 1.2 hours;
  • Step 4 Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
  • Step 5 Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire.
  • the first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm.
  • Step 6 Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 4 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal.
  • the thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm
  • the groove was a V-shaped groove
  • the angle was 60°.
  • CMT welding power source is used, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
  • the weld structure is ⁇ austenite structure.
  • the average microhardness of the weld is 250HV0.1.
  • the room temperature tensile strength of the joint as welded is 595MPa.
  • the high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 487MPa, and the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 36%.
  • Step 1 Weigh the medicinal powder: Weigh the medicinal powder according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 61.0%, Cr powder 19.0%, Mn powder 9.5%, Nb+W powder 3.8%, Ce powder 0.045%, and the rest is Fe powder, above The sum of the component mass percentages is 100%;
  • Step 2 dry the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder weighed in step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace. The heating temperature is 270°C and the holding time is 2.5 hours to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
  • Step 3 Mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing. The mixing time is 1.5 hours;
  • Step 4 Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
  • Step 5 Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire.
  • the first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm. flux-cored welding wire.
  • Step 6 Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 5 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal.
  • the thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm
  • the groove was a V-shaped groove
  • the angle was 60°.
  • CMT welding power source is used, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
  • the weld structure is ⁇ austenite structure.
  • the average microhardness of the weld is 225HV0.1.
  • the room temperature tensile strength of the joint as welded is 581MPa.
  • the high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 471MPa, and the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 36%.
  • Table 1 Comparison table of components (mass percentage) of the welding wire flux cores of each embodiment and comparative example.
  • Table 2 Comparison of mechanical properties of welding wires in each embodiment and comparative example.
  • the comparative example is an invention patent with application number: 2019105096840, titled: Fe-Ni-based alloy welding wire for 800H alloy welding and its preparation method, and welding method of 800H alloy. It can be seen from the performance test results in Table 2 that, compared with the comparative example, after welding 800H base metal with the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the room temperature tensile strength and high temperature (600°C) resistance of the welded joint are The tensile strength has been significantly improved, and the elongation has not decreased; on the other hand, combined with the low-magnification morphology of the butt weld cross section in Figure 1, it can be seen that the weld is mainly a ⁇ austenite structure, showing a typical columnar shape The morphology of crystal + equiaxed crystal; from the high-magnification structure morphology of the scanning electron microscope of the cross section of the butt weld in Figure 2, we can see that there are carbide particles precipitated
  • the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has a reasonable composition and is suitable for welding 800H alloy base metal.
  • the preparation method of the welding wire is simple and easy to control, and is suitable for industrial promotion.

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Abstract

An Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, applied to the welding of 800H steel. The welding wire comprises a welding skin and a powder wrapped in the welding skin. The powder comprises the following components by mass percentage: Ni powder: 60.0-65.0%; Cr powder: 15.0-20.0%; Mn powder: 8.0-10.0%; Ce powder: 0.01-0.05%; the sum of the mass percentages of Nb powder and W powder is 3.0-4.0%; and the rest is Fe powder; the sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100%; and the core filling rate of the welding wire is 30-35%, and the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip. Further comprised are a preparation method for an Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and a welding process for an Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire. After using the described welding wire to weld an 800H base material, the welded joint can ensure high tensile strength, elongation and good sealing performance of a welded part under normal temperature and high temperature conditions.

Description

Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝及其制备方法和焊接工艺Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and its preparation method and welding process 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及合金焊接技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝及其制备方法和焊接工艺。The present invention relates to the technical field of alloy welding, and specifically to an Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and its preparation method and welding process.
背景技术Background technique
高温气冷堆是指采用氦气作为冷却剂的反应堆技术，具有安全性好、效率高、经济性好和用途广泛等优势。蒸汽发生器是高温气冷堆核电***中最关键的设备之一，传热管是一回路压力边界的重要组成部分，是防止放射性裂变产物外泄的重要屏障，也是一回路***最薄弱的环节。服役过程中，传热管长期在高温、高压及高辐射剂量介质的冲刷下，会产生机械的或化学的损伤，造成传热管破损从而发生放射性冷却剂外泄，造成严重的社会不良反响和巨大的经济损失，因此需要对破损传热管进行封堵，避免出现重大事故。High-temperature gas-cooled reactor refers to reactor technology that uses helium as the coolant. It has the advantages of good safety, high efficiency, good economy, and wide range of uses. The steam generator is one of the most critical equipment in the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power system. The heat transfer tube is an important component of the pressure boundary of the primary loop. It is an important barrier to prevent the leakage of radioactive fission products and is also the weakest link in the primary loop system. . During the service process, the heat transfer tube will be washed away by high temperature, high pressure and high radiation dose media for a long time, which will cause mechanical or chemical damage, causing damage to the heat transfer tube and leakage of radioactive coolant, causing serious adverse social reactions and Huge economic losses require sealing of damaged heat transfer tubes to avoid major accidents.
从经济性考虑，不同温度段的传热管采用不同的材料制备，相应的，进行封堵时，需要选择与之匹配的堵头材料。传热管过热段(服役温度约570℃)材料为Incoloy 800H，属于Fe-Ni-Cr系列合金，该合金中Cr含量为19-23％，Ni含量为30-35％，其余主要为Fe元素。当过热段传热管发生降质时，需要采用Incoloy 800H材料进行堵管。焊接堵管是常用的堵管技术，具有强度高、密封性好等优势。From the perspective of economy, heat transfer tubes in different temperature sections are made of different materials. Correspondingly, when sealing, it is necessary to select matching plug materials. The material of the superheated section of the heat transfer tube (service temperature is about 570°C) is Incoloy 800H, which belongs to the Fe-Ni-Cr series alloy. The Cr content in the alloy is 19-23%, the Ni content is 30-35%, and the rest is mainly Fe element . When the heat transfer tube in the superheated section is degraded, Incoloy 800H material needs to be used to plug the tube. Welding pipe plugging is a commonly used pipe plugging technology and has the advantages of high strength and good sealing.
目前，市面上缺乏适用于Incoloy 800H传热管/堵头相匹配的焊接材料，因此，针对母材的热物理性能及其服役环境，开发匹配的封堵焊丝，具有重要的工程实际价值。Currently, there is a lack of welding materials on the market that are suitable for Incoloy 800H heat transfer tubes/plugs. Therefore, it is of great practical engineering value to develop matching plugging wires based on the thermophysical properties of the base metal and its service environment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，以对800H钢材质的传热管、堵头进行焊接，实现堵管，并保证焊接部位较高的抗拉强度、延伸率及较好的密封性。The first object of the present invention is to provide a Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire to weld heat transfer tubes and plugs made of 800H steel to achieve tube plugging and ensure high tensile strength and elongation of the welded part. and better sealing.
本发明所提供Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，应用于800H钢的焊接，所述焊丝包括焊皮和包裹于焊皮内的药粉，所述药粉按质量百分比包括成分：The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention is used for welding 800H steel. The welding wire includes a welding skin and a powder wrapped in the welding skin. The powder includes ingredients in mass percentage:
Ni粉为：60.0-65.0％；Ni powder is: 60.0-65.0%;
Cr粉为：15.0-20.0％；Cr powder is: 15.0-20.0%;
Mn粉为：8.0-10.0％；Mn powder is: 8.0-10.0%;
Ce粉为：0.01-0.05％；Ce powder is: 0.01-0.05%;
Nb粉与W粉的质量百分比之和为：3.0-4.0％；The sum of the mass percentages of Nb powder and W powder is: 3.0-4.0%;
其余为Fe粉；The rest is Fe powder;
其中，以上成分的质量百分比之和为100％。Among them, the sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100%.
进一步地，所述Ni粉、所述Cr粉、所述Mn粉、所述Ce粉、所述Nb粉、所述W粉、所述Fe粉的粒度为：100-200目。Further, the particle size of the Ni powder, the Cr powder, the Mn powder, the Ce powder, the Nb powder, the W powder, and the Fe powder is: 100-200 mesh.
进一步地，所述焊丝的药芯填充率为：30-35％；Further, the core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%;
和/或，所述焊丝直径范围为：1.0-1.2mm。And/or, the diameter range of the welding wire is: 1.0-1.2mm.
进一步地，焊皮为310S不锈钢带，厚度为：0.3-0.5mm，宽度为6-8mm。Further, the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm and a width of 6-8mm.
本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，能够产生以下有益效果：The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention can produce the following beneficial effects:
本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，以Fe-Ni-Cr为主，具有优异的耐高温性能、耐腐蚀性能，基于母材800H的化学成分，并考虑焊接过程的元素过渡情况，适用于核电高温气冷堆传热管800H与其堵头材料800H之间的焊接。本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的化学成分合理，其中，主要元素包括Fe粉、Ni粉、Cr粉、Mn粉，熔覆金属为γ相组织为主，Ni元素具有扩大焊缝的奥氏体相区作用，Mn元素提高焊缝的抗开裂能力，Cr可以增加其余合金元素的 固溶度，W、Nb固溶进入γ相后，也会增加Cr元素的固溶度，从而提高焊缝的强化效果，即，本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝与800H的母材具有较好的相溶性，焊缝的抗拉强度和延伸率仍能够保持在较高水平。本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝用于焊接800H母材后，经测试结果表明，所得到的焊缝室温下的抗拉强度能够达到590MPa以上，延伸率能够达到36％，600℃环境中的抗拉强度能够达到480MPa以上，很明显，焊接接头在常温及高温条件下能够保证焊接部位较高的抗拉强度、延伸率及较好的密封性。The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention is mainly Fe-Ni-Cr and has excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. Based on the chemical composition of the base material 800H and taking into account the element transition situation during the welding process, it is suitable for Welding between the heat transfer tube 800H of nuclear power high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and its plug material 800H. The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has a reasonable chemical composition, in which the main elements include Fe powder, Ni powder, Cr powder, and Mn powder. The cladding metal is mainly a γ phase structure, and the Ni element has the ability to expand the weld seam. Due to the effect of the austenite phase zone, the Mn element improves the cracking resistance of the weld, and Cr can increase the solid solubility of the other alloy elements. After W and Nb solid solution enter the γ phase, they will also increase the solid solubility of the Cr element, thus improving the The strengthening effect of the weld, that is, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has good compatibility with the 800H base metal, and the tensile strength and elongation of the weld can still be maintained at a high level. After the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention is used to weld 800H base metal, the test results show that the tensile strength of the obtained weld at room temperature can reach more than 590MPa, and the elongation can reach 36%, and the 600°C environment The tensile strength in the welded joint can reach more than 480MPa. It is obvious that the welded joint can ensure high tensile strength, elongation and good sealing of the welded part under normal and high temperature conditions.
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备方法，用于制备上述Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, which is used to prepare the above-mentioned Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire. The preparation method includes the following steps:
称取药粉：按质量百分比：Ni粉60.0-65.0％，Cr粉15.0-20.0％，Mn粉8.0-10.0％，Ce粉0.01-0.05％，Nb+W粉3.0-4.0％，其余为Fe粉，其中，以上所有成分的质量百分比之和为100％，来称取药粉；Weigh the medicinal powder: According to mass percentage: Ni powder 60.0-65.0%, Cr powder 15.0-20.0%, Mn powder 8.0-10.0%, Ce powder 0.01-0.05%, Nb+W powder 3.0-4.0%, and the rest is Fe powder. Among them, the sum of the mass percentages of all the above ingredients is 100%, and the medicinal powder is weighed;
烘干药粉：将所述药粉置于真空环境内加热，以去除所述药粉中的结晶水，其中，加热温度范围为：250-300℃，保温时间范围为：1-3h；Drying the medicinal powder: heating the medicinal powder in a vacuum environment to remove crystal water in the medicinal powder, where the heating temperature range is: 250-300°C, and the holding time range is: 1-3h;
混合药粉：将烘干后的所述药粉进行充分的混合，混合时间范围为：1-2h；Mixing medicinal powder: fully mix the dried medicinal powder, the mixing time range is: 1-2h;
包裹药粉：去除焊皮表面的油脂，然后将混合好的药粉包裹于所述焊皮内；Wrapping the powder: remove the grease on the surface of the welding skin, and then wrap the mixed powder in the welding skin;
焊丝拉丝：采用拉拔工艺拉丝制成焊丝。Welding wire drawing: Welding wire is made by drawing process.
进一步地，在所述焊丝拉丝步骤中，采用多道拉拔工序，且拉拔模具的孔径依次减小。Further, in the step of drawing the welding wire, multiple drawing processes are adopted, and the aperture of the drawing mold is successively reduced.
进一步地，还包括包装焊丝步骤：将焊丝缠绕于焊丝盘，并密封于真空环境。Further, the step of packaging the welding wire is also included: winding the welding wire on the welding wire spool and sealing it in a vacuum environment.
进一步地，所述Ni粉、所述Cr粉、所述Mn粉、所述Ce粉、所述Nb粉、所述W粉、所述Fe粉的粒度为：100-200目。Further, the particle size of the Ni powder, the Cr powder, the Mn powder, the Ce powder, the Nb powder, the W powder, and the Fe powder is: 100-200 mesh.
进一步地，焊皮为310S不锈钢带，厚度为：0.3-0.5mm，宽度为6-8mm；Further, the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm and a width of 6-8mm;
和/或，所述焊丝的药芯填充率为：30-35％；And/or, the flux core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%;
和/或，所述焊丝直径范围为：1.0-1.2mm。And/or, the diameter range of the welding wire is: 1.0-1.2mm.
本发明提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备方法，能够产生以下有益效果：The preparation method of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the invention can produce the following beneficial effects:
采用该Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备工艺，能够制备出上述焊丝，通过采用本发明所提供的制备方法得到的焊丝，用于焊接800H母材后，所得到的焊缝室温下的抗拉强度能够达到590MPa以上，延伸率能够达到36％，600℃环境中的抗拉强度能够达到480MPa以上，很明显，焊接接头在常温及高温条件下能够保证焊接部位较高的抗拉强度、延伸率及较好的密封性；即，具有上述Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的所有优点，在此不再赘述。Using the preparation process of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, the above-mentioned welding wire can be prepared. By using the welding wire obtained by the preparation method provided by the present invention, after welding the 800H base metal, the tensile strength of the obtained weld seam at room temperature is It can reach more than 590MPa, the elongation can reach 36%, and the tensile strength in a 600℃ environment can reach more than 480MPa. It is obvious that the welded joint can ensure high tensile strength, elongation and Better sealing; that is, it has all the advantages of the above-mentioned Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, which will not be described again here.
本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的焊接工艺，采用上述焊丝焊接待焊接件，焊接时，将待焊接件的焊接部位及焊丝置于保护气体氛围；The third object of the present invention is to provide a welding process of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire. The above-mentioned welding wire is used to weld the parts to be welded. During welding, the welding part of the parts to be welded and the welding wire are placed in a protective gas atmosphere;
所述待焊接件的焊接部位厚度范围为：8-12mm，坡口为V型，所述坡口的角度范围为：50-70°；The thickness range of the welding part of the parts to be welded is: 8-12mm, the groove is V-shaped, and the angle range of the groove is: 50-70°;
和/或，保护气体百分比包括成分：Ar的含量为97-99％,O 2的含量为1-3％； And/or, the protective gas percentage includes the following components: Ar content is 97-99%, O 2 content is 1-3%;
和/或，焊接电流范围为：150-200A；And/or, the welding current range is: 150-200A;
和/或，焊接速度为：50-60cm/min；And/or, the welding speed is: 50-60cm/min;
和/或，送丝速度为：4-6m/min。And/or, the wire feeding speed is: 4-6m/min.
本发明提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的焊接工艺，能够产生以下有益效果：The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire welding process provided by the present invention can produce the following beneficial effects:
采用上述Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝及焊接工艺，焊接800H母材后，所得到的焊缝室温下的抗拉强度能够达到590MPa以上，延伸率能够达到36％，600℃环境中的抗拉强度能够达到480MPa以上，很明显，焊接接头在常温及高温条件下能够保证焊接部位较高的抗拉强度、延伸率及较好的密封性；即，具有上述Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的所有优点，在此不再赘述。Using the above Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and welding process, after welding the 800H base metal, the tensile strength of the resulting weld at room temperature can reach more than 590MPa, the elongation can reach 36%, and the tensile strength in a 600°C environment can Reaching more than 480MPa, it is obvious that the welded joint can ensure high tensile strength, elongation and good sealing of the welded part under normal and high temperature conditions; that is, it has all the advantages of the above Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, and This will not be described again.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1为对接焊缝横截面的低倍组织形貌图，从图中可以看出焊缝主要为γ奥氏体组织，呈现典型的柱状晶+等轴晶形貌。Figure 1 is a low-magnification microstructure morphology diagram of the cross section of a butt weld. It can be seen from the figure that the weld is mainly a γ austenite structure, showing a typical columnar crystal + equiaxed crystal morphology.
图2为对接焊缝横截面的扫描电镜高倍组织形貌，从图中可以看出，枝晶间有碳化物颗粒析出，能谱检测结果显示主要为NbC和WC。Figure 2 shows the high-magnification microstructure morphology of the butt weld cross section under a scanning electron microscope. It can be seen from the figure that carbide particles precipitate between the dendrites, and the energy spectrum detection results show that they are mainly NbC and WC.
图3为焊缝与母材界面形貌，从图中可以看出，熔合线清晰，界面结合良好，无气孔、裂纹缺陷。Figure 3 shows the interface morphology between the weld and the base metal. It can be seen from the figure that the fusion line is clear, the interface is well combined, and there are no pores or crack defects.
图4为对接接头的室温拉伸断口形貌图，从图中可以看出焊缝主要以韧窝形貌为主，韧性较好。Figure 4 shows the room temperature tensile fracture morphology of the butt joint. It can be seen from the figure that the weld is mainly dimple morphology and has good toughness.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例做详细的说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
本发明实施例提供一种Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝及其制备方法和焊接工艺，以对800H钢材质的传热管、堵头进行焊接，实现堵管，并保证焊接部位较高的抗拉强度、延伸率及较好的密封性。Embodiments of the present invention provide a Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and its preparation method and welding process to weld heat transfer tubes and plugs made of 800H steel to achieve tube plugging and ensure high tensile strength of the welded part. , elongation and better sealing.
第一方面，本实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，焊丝包括焊皮和包裹于焊皮内的药粉，药粉按质量百分比包括成分：Ni粉为：60.0-65.0％；Cr粉为：15.0-20.0％；Mn粉为：8.0-10.0％；Ce粉为：0.01-0.05％；Nb粉与W粉的质量百分比之和为：3.0-4.0％；其余为Fe粉；其中，以上成分的质量百分比之和为100％。In the first aspect, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided in this embodiment includes a welding skin and a powder wrapped in the welding skin. The powder includes ingredients in mass percentage: Ni powder: 60.0-65.0%; Cr powder: 15.0-20.0%; Mn powder: 8.0-10.0%; Ce powder: 0.01-0.05%; the sum of the mass percentages of Nb powder and W powder is: 3.0-4.0%; the rest is Fe powder; among them, the above components The sum of mass percentages is 100%.
本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，具有如下优点：The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)药芯焊丝中主要合金元素为Fe、Ni、Cr，分别由焊皮和药粉提供：(1) The main alloying elements in flux-cored wire are Fe, Ni, and Cr, which are provided by welding skin and powder respectively:
a)焊丝中Fe元素含量非常高，母材Incoloy 800H中含量最高的元素为Fe，因此焊丝选择Fe基，可以保证与母材之间良好的热物理性能匹配(线膨胀系数、导热系数等)，从而减小接头应力集中。a) The Fe element content in the welding wire is very high. The element with the highest content in the base material Incoloy 800H is Fe. Therefore, the Fe-based welding wire can ensure a good thermophysical performance match with the base material (linear expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, etc.) , thereby reducing joint stress concentration.
b)焊丝中Ni元素含量(60.0-65.0％)非常高，Ni是稳定γ奥氏体相区元素，高的Ni含量可以保证熔覆金属为奥氏体组织，此外Ni的耐蚀性能优异，可以保证熔覆金属具有优异的耐腐蚀能力。b) The Ni element content (60.0-65.0%) in the welding wire is very high. Ni is an element that stabilizes the γ-austenite phase zone. The high Ni content can ensure that the clad metal has an austenite structure. In addition, Ni has excellent corrosion resistance. It can ensure that the clad metal has excellent corrosion resistance.
c)焊丝中Cr元素含量(15.0-20.0％)较高，Cr在高温下与O反应生成Cr 2O 3，附着在熔覆金属表面，可以提高其抗氧化和抗腐蚀性能。此外，Cr还是强碳化物形成元素，与C元素反应生成M 23C 6碳化物，起到第二相强化的作用。 c) The Cr element content (15.0-20.0%) in the welding wire is relatively high. Cr reacts with O at high temperatures to form Cr 2 O 3 , which adheres to the surface of the cladding metal and can improve its anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion properties. In addition, Cr is also a strong carbide-forming element and reacts with C element to form M 23 C 6 carbide, which plays a role in second phase strengthening.
(2)药芯焊丝药粉中添加了一定含量(8.0-10.0％)的Mn粉，Mn在奥氏体焊缝中能有效提高其抗开裂能力。此外，Mn还具有脱氧的作用，Mn的添加可以降低熔覆金属的氧含量，减少气孔的产生。(2) A certain content (8.0-10.0%) of Mn powder is added to the flux-cored wire powder. Mn can effectively improve the cracking resistance of austenitic welds. In addition, Mn also has a deoxidizing effect. The addition of Mn can reduce the oxygen content of the clad metal and reduce the generation of pores.
(3)药芯焊丝药粉中添加了一定含量(3.0-4.0％)的Nb粉+W粉。这两种元素的添加可以起到固溶强化的作用，提高熔覆金属的强度。此外，W元素的添加通过形成碳化物，可以有效提高熔覆金属的耐磨损能力。(3) A certain content (3.0-4.0%) of Nb powder + W powder is added to the flux cored wire powder. The addition of these two elements can play a role in solid solution strengthening and improve the strength of the clad metal. In addition, the addition of W element can effectively improve the wear resistance of the clad metal by forming carbides.
(4)药芯焊丝中添加了微量的稀土元素Ce，Ce可以起到净化奥氏体焊缝晶界，提高晶界结合力的作用，从而进一步提高熔覆金属的强韧性。(4) A trace amount of the rare earth element Ce is added to the flux-cored welding wire. Ce can purify the austenite weld grain boundaries and improve the grain boundary bonding force, thereby further improving the strength and toughness of the clad metal.
总之，本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，以Fe-Ni-Cr为主，具有优异的耐高温性能、 耐腐蚀性能，基于母材800H的化学成分，并考虑焊接过程的元素过渡情况，适用于核电高温气冷堆传热管800H与其堵头材料800H之间的焊接。本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的化学成分合理，其中，主要元素包括Fe粉、Ni粉、Cr粉、Mn粉，熔覆金属为γ相组织为主，Ni元素具有扩大焊缝的奥氏体相区作用，Mn元素提高焊缝的抗开裂能力，Cr可以增加其余合金元素的固溶度，W、Nb固溶进入γ相后，也会增加Cr元素的固溶度，从而提高焊缝的强化效果，即，本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝与800H的母材具有较好的相溶性，焊缝的抗拉强度和延伸率仍能够保持在较高水平。本实施例的结果表明，本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝用于焊接800H母材后，所得到的焊缝室温下的抗拉强度能够达到590MPa以上，延伸率能够达到36％，600℃环境中的抗拉强度能够达到480MPa以上，很明显，焊接接头在常温及高温条件下能够保证焊接部位较高的抗拉强度、延伸率及较好的密封性。In short, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is mainly Fe-Ni-Cr and has excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. It is based on the chemical composition of the base material 800H and takes into account the elements in the welding process. The transition situation is suitable for the welding between the heat transfer tube 800H of nuclear power high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and its plug material 800H. The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has a reasonable chemical composition, in which the main elements include Fe powder, Ni powder, Cr powder, and Mn powder. The cladding metal is mainly a γ phase structure, and the Ni element has the ability to expand the weld seam. Due to the effect of the austenite phase zone, the Mn element improves the cracking resistance of the weld, and Cr can increase the solid solubility of the other alloy elements. After W and Nb solid solution enter the γ phase, they will also increase the solid solubility of the Cr element, thus improving the The strengthening effect of the weld, that is, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has good compatibility with the 800H base metal, and the tensile strength and elongation of the weld can still be maintained at a high level. The results of this example show that after the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention is used to weld 800H base metal, the tensile strength of the obtained weld at room temperature can reach more than 590MPa, and the elongation can reach 36%, 600 The tensile strength in ℃ environment can reach more than 480MPa. It is obvious that the welded joint can ensure high tensile strength, elongation and good sealing of the welded part under normal temperature and high temperature conditions.
具体的，本发明实施例中的各成分的质量百分比可以进行如下选取：Specifically, the mass percentage of each component in the embodiment of the present invention can be selected as follows:
Ni粉为：60.0％、61.0％、62.2％、63.0％、64.0％、65.0％，以及两百分比取值点之间的任意质量百分比值；Ni powder is: 60.0%, 61.0%, 62.2%, 63.0%, 64.0%, 65.0%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage value points;
Cr粉为：15.0％、16.0％、17.0％、18.0％、19.0％、20.0％，以及两百分比取值点之间的任意质量百分比值；Cr powder is: 15.0%, 16.0%, 17.0%, 18.0%, 19.0%, 20.0%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage value points;
Mn粉为：8.0％、8.5％、9.0％、9.5％、10.0％，以及两百分比取值点之间的任意质量百分比值；Mn powder is: 8.0%, 8.5%, 9.0%, 9.5%, 10.0%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage value points;
Ce粉为：0.01％、0.02％、0.03％、0.04％、0.045％、0.05％，以及两百分比取值点之间的任意质量百分比值；Ce powder is: 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.045%, 0.05%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage value points;
Nb粉与W粉的质量百分比之和为：3.0％、3.2％、3.5％、3.8％、4.0％，以及两百分比取值点之间的任意质量百分比值。The sum of the mass percentages of Nb powder and W powder is: 3.0%, 3.2%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4.0%, and any mass percentage value between the two percentage points.
本发明实施例中的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝中，Ni粉、Cr粉、Mn粉、Ce粉、Nb粉、W粉、Fe粉的粒度均为：100-200目。In the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire in the embodiment of the present invention, the particle sizes of Ni powder, Cr powder, Mn powder, Ce powder, Nb powder, W powder and Fe powder are all: 100-200 mesh.
本发明实施例中的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝中，焊丝的药芯填充率为：30-35％。焊丝直径范围为：1.0-1.2mm。In the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire in the embodiment of the present invention, the core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%. Welding wire diameter range: 1.0-1.2mm.
本发明实施例中的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝中，焊皮为310S不锈钢带，厚度为：0.3-0.5mm，宽度为6-8mm。优选的，焊皮的厚度选择为0.4mm，宽度选择为7mm。In the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire in the embodiment of the present invention, the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm and a width of 6-8mm. Preferably, the thickness of the welding skin is selected to be 0.4mm, and the width is selected to be 7mm.
另一方面，本实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备方法，用于制备上述Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，包括如下步骤：On the other hand, the preparation method of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided in this embodiment is used to prepare the above-mentioned Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, including the following steps:
称取药粉：按质量百分比：Ni粉60.0-65.0％，Cr粉15.0-20.0％，Mn粉8.0-10.0％，Ce粉0.01-0.05％，Nb+W粉3.0-4.0％，其余为Fe粉，其中，以上所有成分的质量百分比之和为100％，来称取药粉；Weigh the medicinal powder: According to mass percentage: Ni powder 60.0-65.0%, Cr powder 15.0-20.0%, Mn powder 8.0-10.0%, Ce powder 0.01-0.05%, Nb+W powder 3.0-4.0%, and the rest is Fe powder. Among them, the sum of the mass percentages of all the above ingredients is 100%, and the medicinal powder is weighed;
烘干药粉：将药粉置于真空环境(例如，真空加热炉)内加热，以去除药粉中的结晶水，其中，加热温度范围为：250-300℃，保温时间范围为：1-3h；Drying the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder in a vacuum environment (for example, a vacuum heating furnace) and heat it to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder. The heating temperature range is: 250-300°C, and the holding time range is: 1-3h;
混合药粉：将烘干后的药粉进行充分的混合，混合时间范围为：1-2h；具体的，可以将烘干的药粉置于混粉机中进行混合；Mixing medicinal powder: fully mix the dried medicinal powder, the mixing time range is: 1-2h; specifically, the dried medicinal powder can be placed in a powder mixer for mixing;
包裹药粉：去除焊皮表面的油脂，然后将混合好的药粉包裹于焊皮内；具体的，焊皮采用310S不锈钢，以采用药芯焊丝拉丝设备将上述药粉包裹于焊皮(带钢)内；Wrapping the powder: remove the grease on the surface of the welding skin, and then wrap the mixed powder in the welding skin; specifically, the welding skin is made of 310S stainless steel, and flux-cored wire drawing equipment is used to wrap the above-mentioned powder in the welding skin (strip steel) ;
焊丝拉丝：采用拉拔工艺拉丝制成焊丝，具体的，采用拉拔模具拉拔制成焊丝，采用多道拉拔工序，第一道拉拔模具孔径为2.6mm，后续工序中的拉拔模具的孔径逐渐减小。Welding wire drawing: The drawing process is used to draw the wire to make the welding wire. Specifically, the drawing die is used to draw the welding wire. A multi-pass drawing process is used. The aperture of the first drawing die is 2.6mm, and the drawing die in the subsequent process The pore diameter gradually decreases.
具体的，焊皮为310S不锈钢带，厚度为：0.3-0.5mm，优选为0.4mm，宽度为6-8mm，优选为7mm；焊丝的药芯填充率为：30-35％；所制成的焊丝的芯直径范围为：1.0-1.2mm。Specifically, the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm, preferably 0.4mm, and a width of 6-8mm, preferably 7mm; the core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%; The core diameter range of the welding wire is: 1.0-1.2mm.
除了上述步骤，还包括包装焊丝步骤：将焊丝缠绕于焊丝盘，并密封于真空环境，例如，将焊丝缠绕于焊丝盘上后，密封于真空包装袋内待用。In addition to the above steps, it also includes a step of packaging the welding wire: winding the welding wire on the welding wire spool and sealing it in a vacuum environment. For example, after winding the welding wire on the welding wire spool, it is sealed in a vacuum packaging bag for use.
在上述称取药粉的步骤中，Ni粉、Cr粉、Mn粉、Ce粉、Nb粉、W粉、Fe粉的粒度为：100-200目。In the above step of weighing the medicinal powder, the particle size of Ni powder, Cr powder, Mn powder, Ce powder, Nb powder, W powder and Fe powder is: 100-200 mesh.
再一方面，本实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的焊接工艺，采用上述焊丝焊接待焊接件，焊接时，将待焊接件的焊接部位及焊丝置于保护气体氛围。On the other hand, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire welding process provided in this embodiment uses the above-mentioned welding wire to weld the parts to be welded. During welding, the welding part of the parts to be welded and the welding wire are placed in a protective gas atmosphere.
具体的，采用上述Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝进行Incoloy 800H母材的对接接头焊接，待焊接件(例如，焊接试板)的焊接部位厚度范围为：8-12mm，优选为10mm；坡口为V型，坡口的角度范围为：50-70°，优选为60°；Specifically, the above-mentioned Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire is used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal. The thickness of the welding part of the parts to be welded (for example, welding test plate) ranges from: 8-12mm, preferably 10mm; the groove is V Type, the angle range of the groove is: 50-70°, preferably 60°;
保护气体百分比包括成分：Ar的含量为97-99％,O 2的含量为1-3％；优选为：Ar的含量为98％,O 2的含量为2％； The protective gas percentage includes components: Ar content is 97-99%, O 2 content is 1-3%; preferably: Ar content is 98%, O 2 content is 2%;
焊接电流范围为：150-200A；Welding current range: 150-200A;
焊接速度为：50-60cm/min；Welding speed: 50-60cm/min;
送丝速度为：4-6m/min。Wire feeding speed: 4-6m/min.
综上所述，本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝及其制备方法和焊接工艺的有益效果是：(1)本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝适用于核电高温气冷堆传热管(Incoloy 800H材质)与其堵头材料(Incoloy 800H材质)之间的焊接；焊丝熔覆金属合金系以Fe-Ni-Cr为主，具有优异的耐高温性能、耐腐蚀性能。In summary, the beneficial effects of the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire and its preparation method and welding process provided by the embodiments of the present invention are: (1) The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiments of the present invention is suitable for high temperature nuclear power Welding between the gas-cooled reactor heat transfer tube (Incoloy 800H material) and its plug material (Incoloy 800H material); the welding wire cladding metal alloy is mainly Fe-Ni-Cr, which has excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance .
(2)本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，基于母材Incoloy 800H的化学成分，并考虑焊接过程的元素过渡情况，进行匹配焊丝合金系设计。选择Ni、Cr含量较高的310S不锈钢作为药芯焊丝的钢带，添加药粉合金元素，实现与母材的成分匹配；在此基础上，还考虑到焊接过程的工艺性和焊缝的成型情况，提高Mn元素含量，从而提高焊缝的抗开裂能力；与此同时，添加W、Nb元素，实现了对焊缝金属的固溶强化，并添加稀土Ce元素，强化了晶界。(2) The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is designed to match the welding wire alloy system based on the chemical composition of the base material Incoloy 800H and taking into account the element transition during the welding process. 310S stainless steel with high Ni and Cr content was selected as the steel strip for flux-cored welding wire, and powdered alloy elements were added to match the composition of the base material; on this basis, the craftsmanship of the welding process and the shaping of the weld were also taken into consideration. , increasing the Mn element content, thereby improving the cracking resistance of the weld; at the same time, adding W and Nb elements achieves solid solution strengthening of the weld metal, and adding rare earth Ce elements strengthens the grain boundaries.
(3)本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，所具有的耐高温、耐腐蚀优异性能是借助多种合金元素之间的组合效果而实现的，并非为单一元素所起的作用。例如，该焊丝熔覆金属为γ相组织为主，当固溶一定Cr元素时，Cr可以增加其余合金元素的固溶度；类似的，W、Nb固溶进入γ相后，也会增加Cr元素的固溶度，从而提高焊丝的强化效果。(3) The excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is achieved by the combination effect of multiple alloy elements, and is not the function of a single element. . For example, the cladding metal of this welding wire is mainly composed of γ phase. When a certain Cr element is dissolved in solid solution, Cr can increase the solid solubility of other alloying elements. Similarly, when W and Nb are solid dissolved into the γ phase, Cr will also increase. The solid solubility of the elements improves the strengthening effect of the welding wire.
(4)本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，根据合金元素之间的联合作用，Ni元素具有扩大奥氏体相区作用，Cr、Nb、W元素具有固溶于γ相中引起固溶强化的作用，但是其熔覆金属最终的性能与合金元素的含量是息息相关的，例如，当Ni含量低于20％时，则不会形成单相的γ相组织，Cr、Nb、W元素的固溶强化效果就无从谈起了，再者，Cr具有在高温下形成致密的Cr 2O 3，保护熔覆金属的普遍作用，但是当Cr含量低于10％，该效果不显著(本申请中Cr含量大于15％)，另外，Nb、W元素，当其少量添加进入焊缝金属时，主要起到固溶强化作用，当其添加量超过合金的固溶度后，则会形成NbC、WC物质，形成第二相强化，本申请中的Nb和W的含量之和为3.0-4.0％，其既可以形成固溶强化效果，也可以形成碳化物强化效果，即，第二相强化。 (4) In the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention, according to the combined effect of the alloy elements, the Ni element has the effect of expanding the austenite phase area, and the Cr, Nb, and W elements have the ability to be solid dissolved in the γ phase. Causes solid solution strengthening, but the final performance of the clad metal is closely related to the content of alloy elements. For example, when the Ni content is less than 20%, a single-phase γ phase structure will not be formed, Cr, Nb, The solid solution strengthening effect of W element is out of the question. Furthermore, Cr has the general function of forming dense Cr 2 O 3 at high temperatures and protecting the cladding metal. However, when the Cr content is less than 10%, this effect is not significant. (Cr content in this application is greater than 15%). In addition, Nb and W elements, when added in small amounts into the weld metal, mainly play a solid solution strengthening role. When their added amount exceeds the solid solubility of the alloy, they will NbC and WC substances are formed to form a second phase strengthening. The sum of the contents of Nb and W in this application is 3.0-4.0%, which can form either a solid solution strengthening effect or a carbide strengthening effect, that is, the second phase. phase strengthening.
(5)本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，通过310S不锈钢带包裹合金粉末拉拔而成，相比于传统的实心焊丝，制备工艺简单、周期短、成本低。(5) The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is drawn by wrapping alloy powder with 310S stainless steel strips. Compared with traditional solid welding wire, the preparation process is simple, the cycle is short, and the cost is low.
(6)本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝属于药芯焊丝，相比实心焊丝具有熔覆效率高的特点，因此，在大规模工程应用中，可以显著提高生产效率。(6) The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a flux-cored welding wire and has the characteristics of higher cladding efficiency than solid welding wire. Therefore, in large-scale engineering applications, production efficiency can be significantly improved.
(7)本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，既可以用于熔化极焊接(MIG/MAG)，也可以用于非熔化极焊接(TIG)，适用范围广。(7) The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used for both melting electrode welding (MIG/MAG) and non-melting electrode welding (TIG), and has a wide range of applications.
总之，本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，与800H合金母材的熔合性好，适合于800H合金母材的焊接。In short, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good fusion with the 800H alloy base metal and is suitable for welding of the 800H alloy base metal.
为了进一步说明本发明，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝及其制备方法和焊接工艺进行更加详细的描述，但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。In order to further illustrate the present invention, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention, its preparation method and welding process are described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention.
实施例一Embodiment 1
步骤1，称取药粉：按质量百分比分别称取药粉，其中，Ni粉60.0％，Cr粉15.0％，Mn粉8.0％，Nb+W粉3.0％，Ce粉0.01％，其余为Fe粉，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％；Step 1. Weigh the medicinal powder: Weigh the medicinal powder according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 60.0%, Cr powder 15.0%, Mn powder 8.0%, Nb+W powder 3.0%, Ce powder 0.01%, and the rest is Fe powder, above The sum of the component mass percentages is 100%;
步骤2，烘干药粉：将步骤1称取的药粉，置于真空加热炉内加热，加热温度为250℃，保温时间为1h，去除药粉中的结晶水；Step 2, dry the medicinal powder: place the medicinal powder weighed in step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace. The heating temperature is 250°C and the holding time is 1 hour to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
步骤3，混合药粉：烘干后的药粉放置于混粉机中进行充分的混合，混合时间为1h；Step 3. Mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing. The mixing time is 1 hour;
步骤4，包裹药粉：采用酒精去除310S不锈钢带表面的油脂，通过药芯焊丝拉丝设备把步骤3制备得到的药粉包裹在钢带内；Step 4: Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
步骤5，焊丝拉丝：采用拉拔工艺拉丝制成焊丝，其中，第一道拉拔模具孔径为2.6mm，第一道工序拉拔完毕后，将模具孔径依次减少，最终获得直径1.0-1.2mm的药芯焊丝；Step 5. Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire. The first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm. Flux-cored welding wire;
步骤6，包装焊丝：药芯焊丝拉拔完毕后，经绕丝机缠绕在焊丝盘上，最终密封在药芯焊丝真空包装袋内待用。Step 6: Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
用实施例一制备的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝进行Incoloy 800H母材的对接接头焊接，焊接试板厚度为10mm，坡口为V型坡口，角度为60°。选择CMT焊接电源，焊接保护气体为98％Ar+2％O 2，焊接电流范围为150-200A，焊接速度为50-60cm/min，送丝速度为4-6m/min。 The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 1 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal. The thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm, the groove was a V-shaped groove, and the angle was 60°. Select the CMT welding power source, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
焊接后的Incoloy 800H对接接头无宏观裂纹，经测试，焊缝组织为γ奥氏体组织，焊缝的显微硬度平均值为230HV0.1，接头焊态室温抗拉强度为580MPa，接头焊态高温(600℃)抗拉强度为470MPa，接头断后伸长率(室温)为30％。There are no macro cracks in the welded Incoloy 800H butt joint. After testing, the weld structure is γ austenite structure, the average microhardness of the weld is 230HV0.1, the room temperature tensile strength of the joint is 580MPa, and the joint is welded. The high temperature (600℃) tensile strength is 470MPa, and the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 30%.
实施例二Embodiment 2
步骤1，称取药粉：按质量百分比分别称取药粉，其中，Ni粉65.0％，Cr粉20.0％，Mn粉10.0％，Nb+W粉4.0％，Ce粉0.05％，其余为Fe粉，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％；Step 1, weigh the medicinal powder: Weigh the medicinal powder according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 65.0%, Cr powder 20.0%, Mn powder 10.0%, Nb+W powder 4.0%, Ce powder 0.05%, and the rest is Fe powder, above The sum of the component mass percentages is 100%;
步骤2，烘干药粉：将步骤1称取的药粉，将其置于真空加热炉内加热，加热温度为300℃，保温时间为3h，去除药粉中的结晶水；Step 2, dry the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder weighed in step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace. The heating temperature is 300°C and the holding time is 3 hours to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
步骤3，混合药粉：烘干后的药粉放置于混粉机中进行充分的混合，混合时间为2h；Step 3, mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing. The mixing time is 2 hours;
步骤4，包裹药粉：采用酒精去除310S不锈钢带表面的油脂，通过药芯焊丝拉丝设备把步骤3制备得到的药粉包裹在钢带内；Step 4: Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
步骤5，焊丝拉丝：采用拉拔工艺拉丝制成焊丝，其中，第一道拉拔模具孔径为2.6mm，第一道工序拉拔完毕后，将模具孔径依次减少，最终获得直径1.0-1.2mm的药芯焊丝；Step 5. Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire. The first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm. Flux-cored welding wire;
步骤6，包装焊丝：药芯焊丝拉拔完毕后，经绕丝机缠绕在焊丝盘上，最终密封在药芯焊丝真空包装袋内待用。Step 6: Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
用实施例二制备的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝进行Incoloy 800H母材的对接接头焊接，焊接试板厚度为10mm，坡口为V型坡口，角度为60°。采用CMT焊接电源，焊接保护气体为98％Ar+2％O 2，焊接电流范围为150-200A，焊接速度为50-60cm/min，送丝速度为4-6m/min。 The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 2 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal. The thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm, the groove was a V-shaped groove, and the angle was 60°. CMT welding power source is used, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
焊接后的Incoloy 800H对接接头无宏观裂纹，经测试，焊缝组织为γ奥氏体组织，焊缝的显微硬度平均值为236HV0.1，接头焊态室温抗拉强度为589MPa，接头焊态高温(600℃)抗拉强度为480MPa，接头断后伸长率(室温)为34％。There are no macro cracks in the welded Incoloy 800H butt joint. After testing, the weld structure is γ austenite structure. The average microhardness of the weld is 236HV0.1. The room temperature tensile strength of the joint as welded is 589MPa. The high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 480MPa, and the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 34%.
实施例三Embodiment 3
步骤1，称取药粉：按质量百分比分别称取药粉，其中，Ni粉63.0％，Cr粉17.0％，Mn粉9.0％，Nb+W粉3.5％，Ce粉0.03％，其余为Fe粉，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％。Step 1. Weigh the medicinal powder: Weigh the medicinal powder according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 63.0%, Cr powder 17.0%, Mn powder 9.0%, Nb+W powder 3.5%, Ce powder 0.03%, and the rest is Fe powder, above The sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
步骤2，烘干药粉：将步骤1称取的药粉，将其置于真空加热炉内加热，加热温度为290℃，保温时间为2.3h，去除药粉中的结晶水；Step 2, dry the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder weighed in Step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace. The heating temperature is 290°C and the holding time is 2.3h to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
步骤3，混合药粉：烘干后的药粉放置于混粉机中进行充分的混合，混合时间为1.8h；Step 3. Mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing. The mixing time is 1.8 hours;
步骤4，包裹药粉：采用酒精去除310S不锈钢带表面的油脂，通过药芯焊丝拉丝设备把步骤3制备得到的药粉包裹在钢带内；Step 4: Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
步骤5，焊丝拉丝：采用拉拔工艺拉丝制成焊丝，其中，第一道拉拔模具孔径为2.6mm，第一道工序拉拔完毕后，将模具孔径依次减少，最终获得直径1.0-1.2mm的药芯焊丝；Step 5. Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire. The first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm. Flux-cored welding wire;
步骤6，包装焊丝：药芯焊丝拉拔完毕后，经绕丝机缠绕在焊丝盘上，最终密封在药芯焊丝真空包装袋内待用。Step 6: Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
用实施例三制备的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝进行Incoloy 800H母材的对接接头焊接，焊接试板厚度为10mm，坡口为V型坡口，角度为60°。采用CMT焊接电源，焊接保护气体为98％Ar+2％O 2，焊接电流范围为150-200A，焊接速度为50-60cm/min，送丝速度为4-6m/min。 The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 3 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal. The thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm, the groove was a V-shaped groove, and the angle was 60°. CMT welding power source is used, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
焊接后的Incoloy 800H对接接头无宏观裂纹，经测试，焊缝组织为γ奥氏体组织，焊缝的显微硬度平均值为225HV0.1，接头焊态室温抗拉强度为600MPa，接头焊态高温(600℃)抗拉强度为476MPa，接头断后伸长率(室温)为31％。The welded Incoloy 800H butt joint has no macro cracks. After testing, the weld structure is γ austenite structure, the average microhardness of the weld is 225HV0.1, the room temperature tensile strength of the joint is 600MPa, and the joint is welded. The high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 476MPa, and the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 31%.
实施例四Embodiment 4
步骤1：按质量百分比分别称取药粉，其中，Ni粉64.0％，Cr粉16.0％，Mn粉8.5％，Nb+W粉3.2％，Ce粉0.04％，其余为Fe粉，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％；Step 1: Weigh the medicinal powders according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 64.0%, Cr powder 16.0%, Mn powder 8.5%, Nb+W powder 3.2%, Ce powder 0.04%, and the rest is Fe powder. The mass percentage of the above components The sum is 100%;
步骤2，烘干药粉：将步骤1称取的药粉，将其置于真空加热炉内加热，加热温度为260℃，保温时间为1.3h，去除药粉中的结晶水；Step 2, dry the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder weighed in step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace. The heating temperature is 260°C and the holding time is 1.3h to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
步骤3，混合药粉：烘干后的药粉放置于混粉机中进行充分的混合，混合时间为1.2h；Step 3. Mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing. The mixing time is 1.2 hours;
步骤4，包裹药粉：采用酒精去除310S不锈钢带表面的油脂，通过药芯焊丝拉丝设备把步骤3制备得到的药粉包裹在钢带内；Step 4: Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
步骤5，焊丝拉丝：采用拉拔工艺拉丝制成焊丝，其中，第一道拉拔模具孔径为2.6mm，第一道工序拉拔完毕后，将模具孔径依次减少，最终获得直径1.0-1.2mm的药芯焊丝；Step 5. Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire. The first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm. Flux-cored welding wire;
步骤6，包装焊丝：药芯焊丝拉拔完毕后，经绕丝机缠绕在焊丝盘上，最终密封在药芯焊丝真空包装袋内待用。Step 6: Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
用实施例四制备的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝进行Incoloy 800H母材的对接接头焊接，焊接试板厚度为10mm，坡口为V型坡口，角度为60°。采用CMT焊接电源，焊接保护气体为98％Ar+2％O 2，焊接电流范围为150-200A，焊接速度为50-60cm/min，送丝速度为4-6m/min。 The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 4 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal. The thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm, the groove was a V-shaped groove, and the angle was 60°. CMT welding power source is used, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
焊接后的Incoloy 800H对接接头无宏观裂纹，经测试，焊缝组织为γ奥氏体组织，焊缝的显微硬度平均值为250HV0.1，接头焊态室温抗拉强度为595MPa，接头焊态高温(600℃)抗拉强度为487MPa，接头断后伸长率(室温)为36％。There are no macro cracks in the welded Incoloy 800H butt joint. After testing, the weld structure is γ austenite structure. The average microhardness of the weld is 250HV0.1. The room temperature tensile strength of the joint as welded is 595MPa. The high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 487MPa, and the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 36%.
实施例五Embodiment 5
步骤1，称取药粉：按质量百分比分别称取药粉，其中，Ni粉61.0％，Cr粉19.0％，Mn粉9.5％，Nb+W粉3.8％，Ce粉0.045％，其余为Fe粉，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％；Step 1. Weigh the medicinal powder: Weigh the medicinal powder according to mass percentage, including Ni powder 61.0%, Cr powder 19.0%, Mn powder 9.5%, Nb+W powder 3.8%, Ce powder 0.045%, and the rest is Fe powder, above The sum of the component mass percentages is 100%;
步骤2，烘干药粉：将步骤1称取的药粉，将其置于真空加热炉内加热，加热温度为270℃，保温时间为2.5h，去除药粉中的结晶水；Step 2, dry the medicinal powder: Place the medicinal powder weighed in step 1 and heat it in a vacuum heating furnace. The heating temperature is 270°C and the holding time is 2.5 hours to remove the crystal water in the medicinal powder;
步骤3，混合药粉：烘干后的药粉放置于混粉机中进行充分的混合，混合时间为1.5h；Step 3. Mix the medicinal powder: Place the dried medicinal powder in a powder mixer for thorough mixing. The mixing time is 1.5 hours;
步骤4，包裹药粉：采用酒精去除310S不锈钢带表面的油脂，通过药芯焊丝拉丝设备把步骤3制备得到的药粉包裹在钢带内；Step 4: Wrap the medicinal powder: Use alcohol to remove the grease on the surface of the 310S stainless steel strip, and wrap the medicinal powder prepared in step 3 into the steel strip through flux-cored wire drawing equipment;
步骤5，焊丝拉丝：采用拉拔工艺拉丝制成焊丝，其中，第一道拉拔模具孔径为2.6mm，第 一道工序拉拔完毕后，将模具孔径依次减少，最终获得直径1.0-1.2mm的药芯焊丝。Step 5. Welding wire drawing: Use the drawing process to draw the welding wire. The first drawing mold aperture is 2.6mm. After the first drawing process is completed, the mold aperture is reduced in sequence, and the final diameter is 1.0-1.2mm. flux-cored welding wire.
步骤6，包装焊丝：药芯焊丝拉拔完毕后，经绕丝机缠绕在焊丝盘上，最终密封在药芯焊丝真空包装袋内待用。Step 6: Pack the welding wire: After the flux-cored welding wire is drawn, it is wound on the wire spool by a wire winding machine, and finally sealed in a flux-cored wire vacuum packaging bag for later use.
用实施例五制备的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝进行Incoloy 800H母材的对接接头焊接，焊接试板厚度为10mm，坡口为V型坡口，角度为60°。采用CMT焊接电源，焊接保护气体为98％Ar+2％O 2，焊接电流范围为150-200A，焊接速度为50-60cm/min，送丝速度为4-6m/min。 The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire prepared in Example 5 was used for butt joint welding of Incoloy 800H base metal. The thickness of the welding test plate was 10 mm, the groove was a V-shaped groove, and the angle was 60°. CMT welding power source is used, the welding shielding gas is 98% Ar+2% O 2 , the welding current range is 150-200A, the welding speed is 50-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 4-6m/min.
焊接后的Incoloy 800H对接接头无宏观裂纹，经测试，焊缝组织为γ奥氏体组织，焊缝的显微硬度平均值为225HV0.1，接头焊态室温抗拉强度为581MPa，接头焊态高温(600℃)抗拉强度为471MPa，接头断后伸长率(室温)为36％。There are no macro cracks in the welded Incoloy 800H butt joint. After testing, the weld structure is γ austenite structure. The average microhardness of the weld is 225HV0.1. The room temperature tensile strength of the joint as welded is 581MPa. The high temperature (600°C) tensile strength is 471MPa, and the elongation after joint breakage (room temperature) is 36%.
表一：各实施例与对比例的焊丝药芯的成分(质量百分比)对比表。Table 1: Comparison table of components (mass percentage) of the welding wire flux cores of each embodiment and comparative example.
成分含量Ingredient content 实施例一Embodiment 1 实施例二Embodiment 2 实施例三Embodiment 3 实施例四Embodiment 4 实施例五Embodiment 5 对比例Comparative ratio
Ni粉Ni fans 60.0％60.0% 65.0％65.0% 63.0％63.0% 64.0％64.0% 61.0％61.0% 29.73％29.73%
Cr粉Cr powder 15.0％15.0% 20.0％20.0% 17.0％17.0% 16.0％16.0% 19.0％19.0% 17.85％17.85%
Mn粉Mn powder 8.0％8.0% 10.0％10.0% 9.0％9.0% 8.5％8.5% 9.5％9.5% 0.83％0.83%
Nb+W粉Nb+W powder 3.0％3.0% 4.0％4.0% 3.5％3.5% 3.2％3.2% 3.8％3.8% 0.41％0.41%
Ce粉Ce powder 0.01％0.01% 0.05％0.05% 0.03％0.03% 0.04％0.04% 0.045％0.045% --
Mo粉Moist powder -- -- -- -- -- 2.05％2.05%
Al粉Al powder -- -- -- -- -- 2.92％2.92%
Si粉Si powder -- -- -- -- -- 0.43％0.43%
C粉C powder -- -- -- -- -- 0.087％0.087%
N粉N powder -- -- -- -- -- 0.016％0.016%
B粉B powder -- -- -- -- -- 0.0086％0.0086%
S粉S powder -- -- -- -- -- 0.0029％0.0029%
P粉P powder -- -- -- -- -- 0.0082％0.0082%
Fe粉Fe powder 余量margin 余量margin 余量margin 余量margin 余量margin 余量margin
表二，各实施例与对比例的焊丝力学性能对比表。Table 2: Comparison of mechanical properties of welding wires in each embodiment and comparative example.
Figure PCTCN2022102488-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022102488-appb-000001
其中，对比例为申请号为：2019105096840，名称为：800H合金焊接用Fe-Ni基合金焊丝及其制备方法、800H合金的焊接方法的发明专利。由表二的性能测试结果可知，相对于对比例而言，本发明实施例所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝焊接800H母材后，焊接接头的室温抗拉强度及高温(600℃)的抗拉强度均有明显提高，且延伸率并没有下降；另一方面，结合图1对接焊缝横截面的低倍组织形貌图可知，焊缝主要为γ奥氏体组织，呈现为典型的柱状晶+等轴晶的形貌；从图2对接焊缝横截面的扫描电镜高倍组织形貌图可知，枝晶间有碳化物颗粒析出，能谱检测结果显示主要为NbC和WC；从图3焊缝与800H母材间的界面形貌图可知，熔合线非常清晰，界面结合良好，无气孔、裂纹缺陷；从图4对接接头的室温拉伸断口形貌 图可知，焊缝主要以韧窝形貌为主，具有良好的韧性；由此可知，本发明实施例所提供的焊丝可以对800H合金母材进行焊接，且具有更加优良的焊接性能。Among them, the comparative example is an invention patent with application number: 2019105096840, titled: Fe-Ni-based alloy welding wire for 800H alloy welding and its preparation method, and welding method of 800H alloy. It can be seen from the performance test results in Table 2 that, compared with the comparative example, after welding 800H base metal with the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the room temperature tensile strength and high temperature (600°C) resistance of the welded joint are The tensile strength has been significantly improved, and the elongation has not decreased; on the other hand, combined with the low-magnification morphology of the butt weld cross section in Figure 1, it can be seen that the weld is mainly a γ austenite structure, showing a typical columnar shape The morphology of crystal + equiaxed crystal; from the high-magnification structure morphology of the scanning electron microscope of the cross section of the butt weld in Figure 2, we can see that there are carbide particles precipitated between the dendrites, and the energy spectrum detection results show that they are mainly NbC and WC; from Figure 3 The interface morphology between the weld and the 800H base metal shows that the fusion line is very clear, the interface is well combined, and there are no pores or crack defects; from the room temperature tensile fracture morphology of the butt joint in Figure 4, it can be seen that the weld is mainly composed of dimples Mainly in morphology, it has good toughness; it can be seen that the welding wire provided in the embodiment of the present invention can weld the 800H alloy base material and has better welding performance.
综上所述，本发明所提供的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝成分合理，适于800H合金母材的焊接，该焊丝的制备方法简单，易控，适合工业化推广。In summary, the Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire provided by the present invention has a reasonable composition and is suitable for welding 800H alloy base metal. The preparation method of the welding wire is simple and easy to control, and is suitable for industrial promotion.
最后，还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。Finally, it should be noted that in this document, terms such as "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements is not only Includes those elements and also includes other elements not expressly listed or inherent in the process, method, article or equipment.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be practiced in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (14)

  1. 一种Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，其特征在于，应用于800H钢，所述焊丝包括焊皮和包裹于焊皮内的药粉，所述药粉按质量百分比包括成分：A Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, characterized in that it is applied to 800H steel. The welding wire includes a welding skin and a powder wrapped in the welding skin. The powder includes ingredients in mass percentage:
    Ni粉为：60.0-65.0％；Ni powder is: 60.0-65.0%;
    Cr粉为：15.0-20.0％；Cr powder is: 15.0-20.0%;
    Mn粉为：8.0-10.0％；Mn powder is: 8.0-10.0%;
    Ce粉为：0.01-0.05％；Ce powder is: 0.01-0.05%;
    Nb粉与W粉的质量百分比之和为：3.0-4.0％；The sum of the mass percentages of Nb powder and W powder is: 3.0-4.0%;
    其余为Fe粉；The rest is Fe powder;
    其中，以上成分的质量百分比之和为100％；Among them, the sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100%;
    所述焊丝的药芯填充率为：30-35％；所述焊皮为310S不锈钢带。The core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%; the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，其特征在于，所述Ni粉、所述Cr粉、所述Mn粉、所述Ce粉、所述Nb粉、所述W粉、所述Fe粉的粒度为：100-200目。The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the Ni powder, the Cr powder, the Mn powder, the Ce powder, the Nb powder, the W powder, the The particle size of Fe powder is: 100-200 mesh.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，其特征在于，所述焊丝直径范围为：1.0-1.2mm。The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter range of the welding wire is: 1.0-1.2mm.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝，其特征在于，所述焊皮厚度为：0.3-0.5mm，宽度为6-8mm。The Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the welding skin is: 0.3-0.5mm, and the width is 6-8mm.
  5. 一种Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：A method for preparing Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, characterized in that the preparation method includes the following steps:
    称取药粉：按质量百分比：Ni粉60.0-65.0％，Cr粉15.0-20.0％，Mn粉8.0-10.0％，Ce粉0.01-0.05％，Nb+W粉3.0-4.0％，其余为Fe粉， 其中，以上所有成分的质量百分比之和为100％，来称取药粉；Weigh the medicinal powder: According to mass percentage: Ni powder 60.0-65.0%, Cr powder 15.0-20.0%, Mn powder 8.0-10.0%, Ce powder 0.01-0.05%, Nb+W powder 3.0-4.0%, and the rest is Fe powder. Among them, the sum of the mass percentages of all the above ingredients is 100%, and the medicinal powder is weighed;
    烘干药粉：将所述药粉置于真空环境内加热，以去除所述药粉中的结晶水，其中，加热温度范围为：250-300℃，保温时间范围为：1-3h；混合药粉：将烘干后的所述药粉进行充分的混合，混合时间范围为：1-2h；Drying the medicinal powder: heating the medicinal powder in a vacuum environment to remove crystal water in the medicinal powder, where the heating temperature range is: 250-300°C, and the holding time range is: 1-3h; mixing the medicinal powder: The dried medicinal powder is thoroughly mixed, and the mixing time range is: 1-2h;
    包裹药粉：去除焊皮表面的油脂，然后将混合好的药粉包裹于所述焊皮内；Wrapping the powder: remove the grease on the surface of the welding skin, and then wrap the mixed powder in the welding skin;
    焊丝拉丝：采用拉拔工艺拉丝制成焊丝；Welding wire drawing: drawing process to make welding wire;
    所述焊丝的药芯填充率为：30-35％；所述焊皮为310S不锈钢带。The core filling rate of the welding wire is: 30-35%; the welding skin is a 310S stainless steel strip.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备方法，其特征在于，在所述焊丝拉丝步骤中，采用多道拉拔工序，且拉拔模具的孔径依次减小。The method for preparing Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to claim 5, characterized in that, in the welding wire drawing step, multiple drawing processes are used, and the aperture of the drawing mold is successively reduced.
  7. 根据权利要求5-6任一项所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括包装焊丝步骤：将焊丝缠绕于焊丝盘，并密封于真空环境。The method for preparing Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to any one of claims 5 to 6, further comprising the step of packaging the welding wire: winding the welding wire around a welding wire spool and sealing it in a vacuum environment.
  8. 根据权利要求5-6任一项所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备方法，其特征在于，所述Ni粉、所述Cr粉、所述Mn粉、所述Ce粉、所述Nb粉、所述W粉、所述Fe粉的粒度为：100-200目。The preparation method of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to any one of claims 5-6, characterized in that the Ni powder, the Cr powder, the Mn powder, the Ce powder, the Nb powder The particle size of the W powder and the Fe powder is: 100-200 mesh.
  9. 根据权利要求5-6任一项所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的制备方法，其特征在于，The preparation method of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to any one of claims 5-6, characterized in that,
    所述焊皮厚度为：0.3-0.5mm，宽度为6-8mm；The thickness of the welding skin is: 0.3-0.5mm, and the width is 6-8mm;
    和/或，所述焊丝直径范围为：1.0-1.2mm。And/or, the diameter range of the welding wire is: 1.0-1.2mm.
  10. 一种Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的焊接工艺，其特征在于，采用权利要求1-4任一项所述的焊丝焊接待焊接件，焊接时，将待焊接件的焊接部位及焊丝置于保护气体氛围；A welding process of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire, characterized in that the welding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used to weld the parts to be welded, and during welding, the welding part of the parts to be welded and the welding wire are placed in a protective gas atmosphere;
    所述待焊接件的焊接部位厚度范围为：8-12mm，坡口为V型，所述坡口的角度范围为：50-70°。The thickness range of the welding part of the parts to be welded is: 8-12mm, the groove is V-shaped, and the angle range of the groove is: 50-70°.
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的焊接工艺，其特征在于，所述保护气体百分比包括成分：Ar的含量为97-99％,O 2的含量为1-3％。 The welding process of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to claim 10, characterized in that the protective gas percentage includes components: Ar content is 97-99%, and O2 content is 1-3%.
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的焊接工艺，其特征在于，焊接电流范围为：150-200A。The welding process of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to claim 10, characterized in that the welding current range is: 150-200A.
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的焊接工艺，其特征在于，焊接速度为：50-60cm/min。The welding process of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to claim 10, characterized in that the welding speed is: 50-60cm/min.
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的Fe-Ni-Cr焊丝的焊接工艺，其特征在于，送丝速度为：4-6m/min。The welding process of Fe-Ni-Cr welding wire according to claim 10, characterized in that the wire feeding speed is: 4-6m/min.
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