WO2023188200A1 - Planting unit - Google Patents

Planting unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023188200A1
WO2023188200A1 PCT/JP2022/016325 JP2022016325W WO2023188200A1 WO 2023188200 A1 WO2023188200 A1 WO 2023188200A1 JP 2022016325 W JP2022016325 W JP 2022016325W WO 2023188200 A1 WO2023188200 A1 WO 2023188200A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
planting unit
planting
soil
bottom plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/016325
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
裕之 高砂
善 工藤
Original Assignee
鹿島建設株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 鹿島建設株式会社 filed Critical 鹿島建設株式会社
Priority to JP2022541697A priority Critical patent/JPWO2023188200A1/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2022/016325 priority patent/WO2023188200A1/en
Publication of WO2023188200A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023188200A1/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/254Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32Roof garden systems

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a planting unit.
  • Rooftop greening is practiced as a method of effectively utilizing rooftops (for example, Patent Document 1). Rooftop greening can be expected to have effects such as improving the insulation of buildings, improving the landscape, countering global warming, and combating the heat island phenomenon.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a planting unit that effectively utilizes rainwater, is easy to construct, and can prevent the invasion of sanitary pests.
  • the present disclosure solves the above-mentioned problems by the following solving means. Note that in order to facilitate understanding, the description will be given with reference numerals corresponding to the embodiments of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the first disclosure is a planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) provided in a part (RT) of a building that receives rainwater, and an installation surface (RT1) facing upward in the part (RT) of the building. ), a frame member (20) provided around the bottom plate member (10), a surface of the bottom plate member (10), and an inner surface of the frame member (20).
  • a waterproof layer (30) provided at least in part, a gap member (40) provided at least on the bottom plate member (10) and provided with a continuous gap (40c), and surrounded by the frame member (20).
  • a planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) includes a water-permeable sheet (60) that is arranged to cover a portion exposed to an external space and has water permeability.
  • a second disclosure is a planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) according to the first disclosure, characterized in that the water-permeable sheet (60) cannot pass blood-sucking insects among sanitary pests.
  • a third disclosure is that in the planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) according to the first disclosure or the second disclosure, the gap member (40) is moved from a position where it contacts the bottom plate member (10) to
  • the planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) is characterized in that it constitutes a water guide part (41, 42) that is arranged continuously up to the vicinity of the upper end of the frame member (20) and guides rainwater from the upper part to the lower part.
  • a fourth disclosure provides that in the planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) according to the third disclosure, at least one of the planting units (1, 1B, 1C) is located above the soil space (50).
  • a roof part (80) is provided to cover the water guide part (80), and the upper part of the water guide part (41, 42) is provided at a position where rainwater received by the roof part (80) falls.
  • a fifth disclosure is a planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) according to the fourth disclosure, characterized in that the roof (80) is provided with a solar panel.
  • the unit is (1, 1B, 1C).
  • a planting unit that is easy to construct, can appropriately retain water and drain water in the planting unit, and can realize healthy growth of plants.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view (top view) showing an embodiment of a planting unit 1 according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a sectional view of the planting unit 1 taken along the arrow AA in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of range B in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of range C in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a cavity member 40.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the planting unit 1 taken along arrow DD in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing the usage state of the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment.
  • It is a sectional view showing the use state of planting unit 1B of a 2nd embodiment in the same section as Drawing 7 of a 1st embodiment.
  • 9 is an enlarged view of range E in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. It is a sectional view showing the use state of planting unit 1C of a 3rd embodiment in a cross section similar to
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view (top view) showing an embodiment of a planting unit 1 according to the present invention.
  • the roof portion 80 is omitted.
  • FIG. 1 shows the state before planting soil 91 (see FIG. 7) is introduced.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the planting unit 1 taken along the arrow AA in FIG.
  • the roof portion 80 that is omitted in FIG. 1 is also shown.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of range B in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of range C in FIG. Note that each figure shown below, including FIGS. 1 to 4, is a schematic diagram, and the size and shape of each part may be exaggerated or omitted as appropriate to facilitate understanding. It is shown as follows. Further, in the following description, specific numerical values, shapes, materials, etc. are shown, but these can be changed as appropriate.
  • the planting unit 1 of this embodiment includes a bottom board member 10, a frame member 20, a waterproof layer 30, a gap member 40, a soil space 50, a water permeable sheet 60, a water supply member 70, and a roof part 80. It is installed in the part of the building that receives rainwater.
  • the parts of the building that receive rainwater include the roof of the building, the dry area, and the like.
  • the bottom board member 10 is provided on an installation surface RT1 facing upward of a rooftop RT that is a part of a building. Further, the surface of the bottom plate member 10 is configured horizontally.
  • the roof RT is, for example, made of waterproof protective mortar and is usually provided with a roof slope for drainage.
  • the bottom plate member 10 cancels the influence of the roof slope by configuring its surface horizontally.
  • the bottom board member 10 is provided within the range surrounded by the frame member 20 described below, drainage can be ensured around the planting unit 1 due to the roof slope of the rooftop RT.
  • the surface of the bottom board member 10 horizontal, the amount of rainwater that can be stored in the planting unit 1 can be increased compared to the case where a slope similar to the roof slope is left. This is because if there is a slope, the container filled with water will be tilted, and the water will flow out of the drain port 21, which will be described later.
  • the bottom plate member 10 can be made of mortar, for example.
  • the mortar used for the base plate member 10 may be a mixture of water, sand, and cement, or may be mixed with aggregate such as gravel if necessary.
  • aggregate such as gravel
  • lightweight mortar containing lightweight aggregate, fiber, and admixtures can also be used.
  • the bottom plate member 10 may be configured of a member manufactured in a shape that can cancel the roof slope, and the bottom plate member 10 may be installed on the installation surface RT1. In this case, for example, if the bottom plate member 10 is manufactured using a 3D printer or the like, a flat surface can be realized with high accuracy. Since the bottom plate member 10 is wedge-shaped, it is preferable to use a material that is hard to break.
  • the roof RT is made of waterproof protection mortar, and the bottom plate member 10 is installed thereon, but the installation surface RT1 may have another configuration.
  • the rooftop RT may be waterproofed using a member constituting a water-impermeable layer such as asphalt, synthetic resin, or rubber.
  • the frame member 20 is provided to surround the bottom plate member 10.
  • the frame member 20 defines the soil space 50 of the planting unit 1 and also plays the role of earth retaining to physically maintain the three-dimensional shape of the soil.
  • the frame member 20 can be manufactured by, for example, using precast curb stones or blocks and installing them so as to surround an arbitrary range.
  • the frame member 20 can also be produced by providing a formwork on the installation surface RT1 and pouring a hardening material such as concrete.
  • the material used for the frame member 20 is not limited to concrete, and may be made of stone, polymeric materials such as resin products, or renewable materials such as wood products.
  • the frame member 20 is provided with a drain port 21 for overflowing water at a location spaced apart from the installation surface RT1 by a certain distance. As for the installation height of the drain port 21, it is desirable that the lower end of the drain port 21 be near the upper end of the gap member 40. The water flow overflowing from the drain port 21 is drained via a pipe, a gutter,
  • the waterproof layer 30 is a waterproof coating provided on the surface of the bottom plate member 10 and the inner surface of the frame member 20 in a range below from the drain port 21 .
  • the waterproof layer 30 needs to be provided at least to the same height as the lower end of the drain port 21.
  • the waterproof layer 30 may be provided on the entire inner surface of the frame member 20.
  • the waterproof layer 30 can be formed on the surface of the bottom board member 10 and the inner surface of the frame member 20 by a construction method such as spraying, brushing, roller coating, or the like.
  • the waterproof layer 30 is configured so that the surface of the bottom plate member 10 and the inner surface of the frame member 20 are continuous.
  • the waterproof layer 30 serves as a rainwater storage layer, and is configured as if it were a "container with a waterproof coating that stores water.” Since the waterproof layer 30 constitutes a rainwater storage layer, construction can be easily performed.
  • the range in which rainwater can be stored as a rainwater storage tank is from the surface of the base member 10 where the waterproof layer 30 is formed to the lower end of the drain port 21.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the cavity member 40.
  • the void member 40 is a member that physically supports the planting soil 91 and includes continuous voids 40c that can store water.
  • the gap member 40 is provided on the bottom plate member 10 with the waterproof layer 30 interposed therebetween. Moreover, the gap member 40 is continuously arranged from the position where it contacts the bottom plate member 10 to near the upper end of the frame member 20, and constitutes a water guide part 41 that guides rainwater from the upper part to the lower part.
  • the surface of the bottom plate member 10 is configured horizontally. Therefore, the drainage of water stored in the soil space 50 is worse than in the case where the soil space 50 is sloped.
  • a void member 40 is provided around the soil space 50 in order to encourage drainage during times of heavy rainfall, and a drainage port 21 is also provided. Since this void member 40 is a three-dimensional mesh material with relatively coarse mesh, rainwater that begins to accumulate in the soil space 50 during heavy rain can quickly flow out to the outside, and the amount of water that remains in the soil space 50 for a long time exceeds expectations. Negative effects (root rot, etc.) on plants can also be avoided.
  • the gap member 40 is arranged along the waterproof layer 30 on the bottom board member 10 and the waterproof layer 30 on the inner surface of the frame member 20 rising upward from the bottom board member 10.
  • the void member 40 receives surplus water in the soil space 50 (into which planting soil 91 is put when in use) during rainfall at its lower part. It provides space and prevents the planting soil from becoming overly moist.
  • the void member 40 is disposed in contact with the drain port 21, when the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30 is full of water, excess water is drained from the drain port 21.
  • a plurality of independent sheet-shaped gap members 40 may be provided adjacent to each other, or one gap member 40 may be provided that covers the surface of the bottom plate member 10. In order to exhibit the above-mentioned function, it is necessary that at least a portion of the outside of the cavity member 40 is surrounded by the waterproof layer 30.
  • the gap member 40 can be made of resin, wire mesh, or a composite material made of wire mesh coated with resin.
  • the shape is preferably one in which voids are continuously provided, and for example, the shape can be a coarse three-dimensional mesh shape.
  • the thickness of the mesh wire is preferably approximately 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and the mesh interval is preferably approximately 10 mm or more and 15 mm or less.
  • the gap member 40 used in this embodiment is a member made of resin and has a shape in which a large number of cubic skeletons each having a gap 40c are connected. Further, the gap member 40 used in this embodiment has a coupling convex portion 40a and a coupling recess 40b, and can connect a plurality of gap members 40.
  • the gap member 40 For the gap member 40, commercially available products such as drainage materials, drainage mats, etc. can be used as appropriate. For example, GrasCell DC50 manufactured by UNISEAL can be suitably used.
  • the cavity member 40 includes a three-dimensional network spiral structure "Moyai Drain” manufactured by Yoshiwara Kako Co., Ltd., a three-dimensional network structure "Hechimaron” manufactured by Shinko Nylon Co., Ltd., and a rib-type structure "Endrenmat” manufactured by Maeda Kosen Co., Ltd. ", Mitsubishi Chemical Infratech Co., Ltd.'s uneven structure "Dia Drain”, etc. can also be suitably used.
  • the soil space 50 is an area surrounded by the frame member 20, and is a space in which planting soil 91 is provided and for planting.
  • the water-permeable sheet 60 has water permeability and is disposed to cover a portion where the void member 40 is exposed to the soil space 50 side and a portion where the void member 40 is exposed to the external space.
  • the water-permeable sheet 60 has physical properties that prevent blood-sucking insects (among sanitary pests) from passing through it (as described later).
  • a water-permeable sheet 60 is disposed over the entire upper surface of the cavity member 40 spread over the bottom panel member 10 to prevent blood-sucking insects from entering through the drain port 21. are doing.
  • the upper surface of the water guide section 41 is also covered with a water permeable sheet 60 to prevent blood-sucking insects from entering through the water guide section 41.
  • the water permeable sheet 60 showed the example provided only on the exposed side of the cavity member 40.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the entire cavity member 40 may be covered with the water-permeable sheet 60, that is, the cavity member 40 may be wrapped in the water-permeable sheet 60.
  • the water-permeable sheet 60 is provided for the purpose of preventing clogging caused by fine particles of the planting soil 91 entering the void member 40 and preventing blood-sucking insects such as mosquitoes from entering the rainwater storage tank. For this reason, The water permeable sheet 60 needs to be a "fine mesh membrane” that can prevent soil particles and living organisms from entering.
  • the "fine mesh membrane” as the water-permeable sheet 60 used in this embodiment has an 80 mesh mesh that is equivalent to or even finer than a 30 mesh mesh (approximately 0.67 mm), which is considered “fine” as a general household mesh. (approximately 0.25 mm) to effectively prevent the invasion of pests.
  • the water permeable sheet 60 of this embodiment does not have a root prevention function.
  • the water-permeable sheet 60 may have a root-prevention function, or a root-prevention sheet with a root-prevention function may be used separately from the water-permeable sheet 60. Further locations may be provided.
  • the water supply member 70 forms a water supply channel that connects the planting soil 91 with the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30 in order to promote water supply to the planting soil 91.
  • the material of the water supply member 70 is not limited as long as it has the function of pumping water through capillary action, but it is preferably an inorganic material that can withstand a humid environment and has little deterioration over time.
  • nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, specially treated paper, etc. of synthetic fibers nylon, vinylon, polyester, acrylic, polyphylline, polyurethane, etc.
  • a commercially available sheet called a so-called capillary sheet was used as the water supply member 70.
  • the water supply member 70 has a portion 70a extending in the vertical direction, a portion 70b extending toward the lower surface of the gap member 40, and a portion 70c extending toward the upper surface of the gap member 40. are arranged so as not to face each other, forming a substantially inverted Z-shape (crank-shape). Note that depending on the viewing direction, it looks like a Z-shape.
  • the portion 70c extending toward the upper surface of the cavity member 40 is arranged below the water permeable sheet 60. Therefore, water supplied from the water supply member 70 is supplied to the planting soil 91 via the water permeable sheet 60. For this reason, it is desirable that the water permeable sheet 60 also have water absorbency and capillarity.
  • the water supply member 70 has a portion 70b extending toward the lower surface of the cavity member 40 and a portion 70c extending toward the upper surface facing each other, and a portion 70a connecting the portion 70b and the portion 70c in the vertical direction. It may be configured in a substantially U-shape. In addition, in each figure, the water supply member 70 is illustrated thickly so that there is a gap between the bottom plate member 10 and the gap member 40, but the thickness of the water supply member 70 is extremely small. Therefore, the bottom plate member 10 and the gap member 40 are actually in contact with each other.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the planting unit 1 in use, taken along arrow DD in FIG.
  • the roof portion 80 omitted in FIG. 1 is also shown.
  • the roof portion 80 is located above the soil space 50 and covers most of the soil space 50.
  • the center side is high and both ends are low, and rainwater received by the roof part 80 falls from both ends.
  • the upper part of the water guide section 41 is provided at a position where rainwater received by the roof section 80 falls. Therefore, rainwater can be drawn from the water guide portion 41 into the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30, and can be effectively used for irrigation of plants.
  • the roof portion 80 is provided with a solar battery panel (not shown).
  • the roof part 80 uses a gate-shaped frame 81 and its foundation is integrated with or adjacent to the frame member 20, thereby eliminating or minimizing the foundation of the roof part 80 in the soil space 50. can be converted into Therefore, the workability of planting maintenance work can be improved.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing the usage state of the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the soil space 50 is filled with planting soil 91, mulching 92 is provided thereon, and plants 93 are planted.
  • planting soil 91 for example, artificial lightweight soil can be suitably used.
  • the artificial lightweight soil mainly composed of perlite has an excellent balance of water retention and water permeability, and is suitable for retaining water supplied from the rainwater storage layer by the water supply member 70.
  • the planting soil 91 is not limited to artificial lightweight soil, and various soils can be used.
  • the mulching 92 for example, known mulching materials such as volcanic gravel and bark chips can be used. Although the mulching 92 is not essential, by providing the mulching 92, it can be expected to maintain the aesthetic appearance, suppress the growth of weeds, and retain soil moisture.
  • the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment is easy to construct, can appropriately adjust the amount of water stored in the soil space 50 and the water drainage, and can prevent pests such as mosquitoes. can effectively prevent the intrusion of
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 7 of the first embodiment, showing the usage state of the planting unit 1B of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of range E in FIG.
  • the planting unit 1B of the second embodiment has the same configuration as the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment, except that the installation configuration of the water supply member 70 and the configuration of the drain port 21 are different. Therefore, parts that perform the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations will be omitted as appropriate.
  • the portion 70c extending toward the upper surface of the cavity member 40 is placed on the water-permeable sheet 60, so that it can come into direct contact with the planting soil 91.
  • the planting soil 91 can be replenished with water more efficiently.
  • the drain port 21 of the second embodiment is inclined so that the height decreases from the inside of the frame member 20 toward the outside. If the drain port 21 of the first embodiment is provided horizontally, a small amount of water may remain in the drain port 21, and there is a risk that mosquitoes and the like may breed in this residual water. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the drain port 21 is tilted to prevent water from remaining.
  • the planting unit 1B can replenish water to the planting soil 91 more efficiently. Further, water can be prevented from remaining in the drain port 21.
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 7 of the first embodiment, showing the usage state of the planting unit 1C of the third embodiment.
  • the planting unit 1C of the third embodiment has the same form as the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment, except that the form of the roof part 80 is different and the second water guiding part 42 is provided. Therefore, parts that perform the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations will be omitted as appropriate.
  • the center side is lower than the end sections, and rainwater received by the roof section 80 falls from the center section.
  • the planting unit 1C of the third embodiment is provided with a second water guide section 42 at a position where rainwater received by the roof section 80 falls.
  • the second water guide section 42 has the same configuration as the water guide section 41, but in this embodiment, two gap members 40 are arranged one on top of the other to increase the area that can receive water.
  • the gap members may be formed in one layer without stacking a plurality of them, or three or more layers may be stacked.
  • the gap member 40 disposed in the second water guide section 42 is also covered with a water permeable sheet 60.
  • the water guide section 41 is also provided in the same manner as in the first embodiment, but the water guide section 41 may be omitted. In that case, it is preferable to arrange the gap member 40 and the water-permeable sheet 60 only in the vicinity of the drain port 21 instead of the structure of the water guide section 41.
  • rainwater can be directed to the second water guide part 42 by arranging it at an appropriate position.
  • the rainwater is drawn from the second water guide portion 42 into the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30, and can be effectively used as water for planting through a water supply member.
  • the roof portion 80 has been described using an example that is inclined.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, it may be configured as a flat (substantially horizontal) roof portion that is not inclined.
  • the roof portion 80 has been described using an example provided with a solar cell panel.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and may be configured as a roof portion that does not include a solar cell panel.
  • the water guide portions 41 and 42 are provided at positions where water directly falls from the end of the roof portion 80.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, rainwater falling from the roof may be caught by a rain gutter and allowed to fall to a water guide section through piping, or the piping may be directly connected to a rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30. You may let them.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a planting unit that is easy to install and capable of preventing entry of sanitary insect pests while effectively utilizing rainwater. A planting unit 1 includes: a base member 10 provided on an installation surface RT1, which is a part of a building and faces upward; a frame member 20 provided around the base member 10; a waterproof layer 30 provided on the surface of the base member 10 and at least a part of the inner surface of the frame member 20; a gap member 40 provided at least on the base member 10 and having a continuous gap 40c; a soil space 50 surrounded by the frame member 20 and provided with planting soil 91; and a water-permeable sheet 60 having water permeability and covering a part where the gap member 40 is exposed to the soil space 50 side and a part where the gap member 40 is exposed to the external space.

Description

植栽ユニットplanting unit
 本開示は、植栽ユニットに関するものである。 The present disclosure relates to a planting unit.
 屋上を有効に活用する手法として、屋上緑化が行われている(例えば、特許文献1)。屋上緑化を行うことにより、建物の断熱性の向上、景観の向上、地球温暖化対策、ヒートアイランド現象対策等の効果が期待できる。 Rooftop greening is practiced as a method of effectively utilizing rooftops (for example, Patent Document 1). Rooftop greening can be expected to have effects such as improving the insulation of buildings, improving the landscape, countering global warming, and combating the heat island phenomenon.
特許第6748326号公報Patent No. 6748326
 特許文献1に開示の太陽光発電機能を有する植栽構造体では、多数のトレイを最小限のすき間で敷き詰める必要があるので、施工に際して一定の手間が要されることとなる。また、植栽構造体を設置する地域の風土によっては、受水部や給水口を介して吸血昆虫等がトレイ内に侵入するおそれがあった。吸血昆虫等がトレイ内に侵入してしまうと、トレイに溜まっている水に卵を産み付けて繁殖することが問題となることもある。 In the planting structure having a photovoltaic power generation function disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to spread a large number of trays with minimum gaps, so a certain amount of effort is required during construction. Furthermore, depending on the climate of the area where the planting structure is installed, blood-sucking insects and the like may enter the tray through the water receiving portion or water supply port. If blood-sucking insects or the like invade the tray, they may lay eggs in the water collected in the tray and reproduce, which can be a problem.
 本開示の課題は、雨水を有効利用しつつ、施工が容易であって、衛生害虫の侵入を防止できる植栽ユニットを提供することである。 An object of the present disclosure is to provide a planting unit that effectively utilizes rainwater, is easy to construct, and can prevent the invasion of sanitary pests.
 本開示は、以下のような解決手段により、前記課題を解決する。なお、理解を容易にするために、本開示の実施形態に対応する符号を付して説明するが、これに限定されるものではない。 The present disclosure solves the above-mentioned problems by the following solving means. Note that in order to facilitate understanding, the description will be given with reference numerals corresponding to the embodiments of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
 第1の開示は、雨水を受ける建物の部分(RT)に設けられる植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)であって、前記建物の部分(RT)であって上方に面した設置面(RT1)に設けられる底盤部材(10)と、前記底盤部材(10)の周囲に設けられる枠部材(20)と、前記底盤部材(10)の表面、及び、前記枠部材(20)の内側表面の少なくとも一部に設けられる防水層(30)と、少なくとも前記底盤部材(10)の上に設けられ、連続する空隙(40c)を備えた空隙部材(40)と、前記枠部材(20)に囲まれる領域であって、植栽土壌(91)が設けられる土壌空間(50)と、前記空隙部材(40)が前記土壌空間(50)側へ露出する部位、及び、前記空隙部材(40)が外部空間に露出する部位を覆って配置され、透水性を備える透水性シート(60)と、を備える植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)である。 The first disclosure is a planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) provided in a part (RT) of a building that receives rainwater, and an installation surface (RT1) facing upward in the part (RT) of the building. ), a frame member (20) provided around the bottom plate member (10), a surface of the bottom plate member (10), and an inner surface of the frame member (20). A waterproof layer (30) provided at least in part, a gap member (40) provided at least on the bottom plate member (10) and provided with a continuous gap (40c), and surrounded by the frame member (20). A soil space (50) in which planting soil (91) is provided, a region where the void member (40) is exposed to the soil space (50) side, and a region where the void member (40) is A planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) includes a water-permeable sheet (60) that is arranged to cover a portion exposed to an external space and has water permeability.
 第2の開示は、第1の開示に記載の植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)において、前記透水性シート(60)は、衛生害虫のうち吸血昆虫が通過できないこと、を特徴とする植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)である。 A second disclosure is a planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) according to the first disclosure, characterized in that the water-permeable sheet (60) cannot pass blood-sucking insects among sanitary pests. These are cultivation units (1, 1B, 1C).
 第3の開示は、第1の開示又は第2の開示に記載の植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)において、前記空隙部材(40)は、前記底盤部材(10)に接触する位置から前記枠部材(20)の上端付近まで連続して配置され上部から下部へ雨水を導く導水部(41、42)を構成すること、を特徴とする植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)である。 A third disclosure is that in the planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) according to the first disclosure or the second disclosure, the gap member (40) is moved from a position where it contacts the bottom plate member (10) to The planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) is characterized in that it constitutes a water guide part (41, 42) that is arranged continuously up to the vicinity of the upper end of the frame member (20) and guides rainwater from the upper part to the lower part.
 第4の開示は、第3の開示に記載の植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)において、前記土壌空間(50)の上方には、当該植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)の少なくとも一部を覆う屋根部(80)が設けられており、前記屋根部(80)が受けた雨水が落下する位置に前記導水部(41、42)の上部が設けられていること、を特徴とする植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)である。 A fourth disclosure provides that in the planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) according to the third disclosure, at least one of the planting units (1, 1B, 1C) is located above the soil space (50). A roof part (80) is provided to cover the water guide part (80), and the upper part of the water guide part (41, 42) is provided at a position where rainwater received by the roof part (80) falls. These are planting units (1, 1B, 1C).
 第5の開示は、第4の開示に記載の植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)において、前記屋根部(80)には、太陽電池パネルが設けられていること、を特徴とする植栽ユニット(1、1B、1C)である。 A fifth disclosure is a planting unit (1, 1B, 1C) according to the fourth disclosure, characterized in that the roof (80) is provided with a solar panel. The unit is (1, 1B, 1C).
 本開示によれば、施工が容易で、植栽ユニットにおける保水と排水を適切にでき、植栽の健全な生育を実現できる植栽ユニットを提供することができる。 According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a planting unit that is easy to construct, can appropriately retain water and drain water in the planting unit, and can realize healthy growth of plants.
本発明による植栽ユニット1の実施形態を示す平面図(上面図)である。1 is a plan view (top view) showing an embodiment of a planting unit 1 according to the present invention. 植栽ユニット1を図1中の矢印A-Aの位置で切断した断面図である。2 is a sectional view of the planting unit 1 taken along the arrow AA in FIG. 1. FIG. 図2中の範囲Bの拡大図である。3 is an enlarged view of range B in FIG. 2. FIG. 図2中の範囲Cの拡大図である。3 is an enlarged view of range C in FIG. 2. FIG. 空隙部材40の一例を示す斜視図である。4 is a perspective view showing an example of a cavity member 40. FIG. 植栽ユニット1を図1中の矢印D-Dの位置で切断した断面図である。2 is a cross-sectional view of the planting unit 1 taken along arrow DD in FIG. 1. FIG. 第1実施形態の植栽ユニット1の使用状態を図2と同様な断面で示した断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing the usage state of the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment. 第2実施形態の植栽ユニット1Bの使用状態を第1実施形態の図7と同様な断面で示した断面図である。It is a sectional view showing the use state of planting unit 1B of a 2nd embodiment in the same section as Drawing 7 of a 1st embodiment. 図8中の範囲Eの拡大図である。9 is an enlarged view of range E in FIG. 8. FIG. 第3実施形態の植栽ユニット1Cの使用状態を第1実施形態の図7と同様な断面で示した断面図である。It is a sectional view showing the use state of planting unit 1C of a 3rd embodiment in a cross section similar to Drawing 7 of a 1st embodiment.
 以下、本開示を実施するための最良の形態について図面等を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings and the like.
(第1実施形態)
 図1は、本発明による植栽ユニット1の実施形態を示す平面図(上面図)である。図1では、屋根部80を省略して示している。また、図1は、植栽土壌91(図7参照)を投入する前の状態を示している。
 図2は、植栽ユニット1を図1中の矢印A-Aの位置で切断した断面図である。図2においては、図1において省略した屋根部80についても示している。
 図3は、図2中の範囲Bの拡大図である。
 図4は、図2中の範囲Cの拡大図である。
 なお、図1から図4を含め、以下に示す各図は、模式的に示した図であり、各部の大きさ、形状は、理解を容易にするために、適宜誇張したり、省略したりして示している。
 また、以下の説明では、具体的な数値、形状、材料等を示して説明を行うが、これらは、適宜変更することができる。
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a plan view (top view) showing an embodiment of a planting unit 1 according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the roof portion 80 is omitted. Moreover, FIG. 1 shows the state before planting soil 91 (see FIG. 7) is introduced.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the planting unit 1 taken along the arrow AA in FIG. In FIG. 2, the roof portion 80 that is omitted in FIG. 1 is also shown.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of range B in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of range C in FIG.
Note that each figure shown below, including FIGS. 1 to 4, is a schematic diagram, and the size and shape of each part may be exaggerated or omitted as appropriate to facilitate understanding. It is shown as follows.
Further, in the following description, specific numerical values, shapes, materials, etc. are shown, but these can be changed as appropriate.
 本実施形態の植栽ユニット1は、底盤部材10と、枠部材20と、防水層30と、空隙部材40と、土壌空間50と、透水性シート60と、給水部材70と、屋根部80とを備えており、雨水を受ける建物の部分に設けられる。ここで、雨水を受ける建物の部分としては、建物の屋上部分や、ドライエリア等である。 The planting unit 1 of this embodiment includes a bottom board member 10, a frame member 20, a waterproof layer 30, a gap member 40, a soil space 50, a water permeable sheet 60, a water supply member 70, and a roof part 80. It is installed in the part of the building that receives rainwater. Here, the parts of the building that receive rainwater include the roof of the building, the dry area, and the like.
 底盤部材10は、建物の部分である屋上RTの上方に面した設置面RT1上に設けられている。
 また、底盤部材10の表面は、水平に構成されている。屋上RTは、例えば、防水保護モルタルで構成されており、通常、排水のための屋根勾配が設けられている。底盤部材10は、その表面を水平に構成することにより、屋根勾配の影響をキャンセルする。なお、底盤部材10は、後述の枠部材20に囲まれた範囲内に設けられているので、植栽ユニット1の周囲では、屋上RTの屋根勾配に伴う排水を確保することができる。
 底盤部材10の表面を水平とすることにより、屋根勾配に準じた勾配を残す場合と比べて、植栽ユニット1における雨水の貯留可能量を増加することができる。勾配があると水を満たした容器を傾けたような状態となり、その分だけ後述する排水口21から水が流れ出てしまうからである。
The bottom board member 10 is provided on an installation surface RT1 facing upward of a rooftop RT that is a part of a building.
Further, the surface of the bottom plate member 10 is configured horizontally. The roof RT is, for example, made of waterproof protective mortar and is usually provided with a roof slope for drainage. The bottom plate member 10 cancels the influence of the roof slope by configuring its surface horizontally. In addition, since the bottom board member 10 is provided within the range surrounded by the frame member 20 described below, drainage can be ensured around the planting unit 1 due to the roof slope of the rooftop RT.
By making the surface of the bottom board member 10 horizontal, the amount of rainwater that can be stored in the planting unit 1 can be increased compared to the case where a slope similar to the roof slope is left. This is because if there is a slope, the container filled with water will be tilted, and the water will flow out of the drain port 21, which will be described later.
 底盤部材10は、例えば、モルタルによって作製することができる。底盤部材10に用いるモルタルは、水と砂とセメントとの混合か、必要に応じてそれに砂利等の骨材を混入してもよい。一般のモルタルの他、軽量骨材・繊維・混和剤を配合した軽量モルタルを用いることもできる。
 また、屋根勾配がキャンセルできる形状に作製された部材により底盤部材10を構成し、この底盤部材10を設置面RT1に設置するようにしてもよい。この場合には、例えば、底盤部材10を3Dプリンター等で作製すれば、精度よくフラットな表面を実現可能となる。底盤部材10は、くさび形となるので、破損しにくい素材を用いることが好ましく、例えば、樹脂素材を用いたり、モルタルのプレキャストでは、繊維等を混入したりすることが望ましい。
 なお、本実施形態では、屋上RTが防水保護モルタルによって構成されており、その上に底盤部材10を設置しているが、設置面RT1の構成は他の構成であってもよい。例えば、屋上RTは、アスファルト、合成樹脂、ゴム等の不透水性の層を構成する部材を用いて防水処理された構成であってもよい。
The bottom plate member 10 can be made of mortar, for example. The mortar used for the base plate member 10 may be a mixture of water, sand, and cement, or may be mixed with aggregate such as gravel if necessary. In addition to general mortar, lightweight mortar containing lightweight aggregate, fiber, and admixtures can also be used.
Alternatively, the bottom plate member 10 may be configured of a member manufactured in a shape that can cancel the roof slope, and the bottom plate member 10 may be installed on the installation surface RT1. In this case, for example, if the bottom plate member 10 is manufactured using a 3D printer or the like, a flat surface can be realized with high accuracy. Since the bottom plate member 10 is wedge-shaped, it is preferable to use a material that is hard to break. For example, it is preferable to use a resin material or to mix fibers or the like in precast mortar.
In the present embodiment, the roof RT is made of waterproof protection mortar, and the bottom plate member 10 is installed thereon, but the installation surface RT1 may have another configuration. For example, the rooftop RT may be waterproofed using a member constituting a water-impermeable layer such as asphalt, synthetic resin, or rubber.
 枠部材20は、底盤部材10の周囲を囲んで設けられている。枠部材20は、植栽ユニット1の土壌空間50を定めるとともに、土壌の立体的な形状を物理的に維持する土留の役割を果たす。枠部材20は、例えば、プレキャスト部材の縁石やブロックを用いて、任意の範囲を囲むように設置することにより作製できる。また、枠部材20は、設置面RT1上に型枠を設けてコンクリート等の硬化材を流し込んで作製することもできる。枠部材20に用いる材料は、コンクリートに限らず、石材、樹脂製品等の高分子材料や木製品等の再生可能材料を用いてもよい。
 枠部材20には、設置面RT1から一定距離離間した個所に、水を越流(オーバーフロー)させるための排水口21が設けられている。排水口21の設置高さは、排水口21の下端が空隙部材40の上端付近となることが望ましい。排水口21から越流した水流は、適宜、管路や樋路等を経由して排水される。
The frame member 20 is provided to surround the bottom plate member 10. The frame member 20 defines the soil space 50 of the planting unit 1 and also plays the role of earth retaining to physically maintain the three-dimensional shape of the soil. The frame member 20 can be manufactured by, for example, using precast curb stones or blocks and installing them so as to surround an arbitrary range. Moreover, the frame member 20 can also be produced by providing a formwork on the installation surface RT1 and pouring a hardening material such as concrete. The material used for the frame member 20 is not limited to concrete, and may be made of stone, polymeric materials such as resin products, or renewable materials such as wood products.
The frame member 20 is provided with a drain port 21 for overflowing water at a location spaced apart from the installation surface RT1 by a certain distance. As for the installation height of the drain port 21, it is desirable that the lower end of the drain port 21 be near the upper end of the gap member 40. The water flow overflowing from the drain port 21 is drained via a pipe, a gutter, etc. as appropriate.
 防水層30は、底盤部材10の表面、及び、枠部材20の内側表面の排水口21から下側の範囲に設けられている防水塗膜である。防水層30は、少なくとも排水口21の下端と同じ高さまでは設けることが必要である。なお、防水層30は、枠部材20の内側表面の全てに設けてもよい。
 防水層30は、底盤部材10の表面、及び、枠部材20の内側表面にスプレー、刷毛塗り、ローラー塗り等の施工方法によって形成することができる。防水層30は、底盤部材10の表面、及び、枠部材20の内側表面が連続するように構成する。つまり、防水層30の部分が雨水貯留層となり、あたかも「水を貯留する防水塗膜による容器」のように構成する。防水層30によって雨水貯留層を構成するので、施工を容易に行うことができる。なお、雨水貯留槽として雨水を貯留できる範囲は、防水層30が形成されている底盤部材10の表面から排水口21の下端までである。
The waterproof layer 30 is a waterproof coating provided on the surface of the bottom plate member 10 and the inner surface of the frame member 20 in a range below from the drain port 21 . The waterproof layer 30 needs to be provided at least to the same height as the lower end of the drain port 21. Note that the waterproof layer 30 may be provided on the entire inner surface of the frame member 20.
The waterproof layer 30 can be formed on the surface of the bottom board member 10 and the inner surface of the frame member 20 by a construction method such as spraying, brushing, roller coating, or the like. The waterproof layer 30 is configured so that the surface of the bottom plate member 10 and the inner surface of the frame member 20 are continuous. In other words, the waterproof layer 30 serves as a rainwater storage layer, and is configured as if it were a "container with a waterproof coating that stores water." Since the waterproof layer 30 constitutes a rainwater storage layer, construction can be easily performed. The range in which rainwater can be stored as a rainwater storage tank is from the surface of the base member 10 where the waterproof layer 30 is formed to the lower end of the drain port 21.
 図5は、空隙部材40の一例を示す斜視図である。
 空隙部材40は、植栽土壌91を物理的に支持し、かつ、水を貯水可能な連続する空隙40cを備えた部材である。
 空隙部材40は、底盤部材10の上に防水層30を介して設けられている。また、空隙部材40は、底盤部材10に接触する位置から枠部材20の上端付近まで連続して配置され上部から下部へ雨水を導く導水部41を構成する。
 先に説明したように、底盤部材10の表面は水平に構成されている。したがって土壌空間50に貯留される水分の水捌けは、傾斜しているものよりも悪くなる。そこで、線状降雨帯の発生時や台風時等において、大量の降水が継続する事態への対策が必要となる。土壌空間50の排水が不十分な場合、土壌空間50の水位が上昇し、植栽土壌91のかく乱と流出を招いてしまいかねないからである。
 この対策として、大量の降水時の排水を促すために土壌空間50の周囲に空隙部材40を設け、さらに、排水口21を設ける。この空隙部材40は、目が比較的粗い立体的なメッシュ材なので、豪雨時に土壌空間50に滞留し始める雨水を迅速に外部に流出でき、また、土壌空間50に想定を超える水量が長時間滞留して植栽に及ぼす悪影響(根腐れ等)も回避できる。
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the cavity member 40.
The void member 40 is a member that physically supports the planting soil 91 and includes continuous voids 40c that can store water.
The gap member 40 is provided on the bottom plate member 10 with the waterproof layer 30 interposed therebetween. Moreover, the gap member 40 is continuously arranged from the position where it contacts the bottom plate member 10 to near the upper end of the frame member 20, and constitutes a water guide part 41 that guides rainwater from the upper part to the lower part.
As explained above, the surface of the bottom plate member 10 is configured horizontally. Therefore, the drainage of water stored in the soil space 50 is worse than in the case where the soil space 50 is sloped. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures against situations in which large amounts of precipitation continue, such as when linear rain belts occur or during typhoons. This is because if the drainage of the soil space 50 is insufficient, the water level in the soil space 50 will rise, which may cause disturbance and runoff of the planting soil 91.
As a countermeasure against this, a void member 40 is provided around the soil space 50 in order to encourage drainage during times of heavy rainfall, and a drainage port 21 is also provided. Since this void member 40 is a three-dimensional mesh material with relatively coarse mesh, rainwater that begins to accumulate in the soil space 50 during heavy rain can quickly flow out to the outside, and the amount of water that remains in the soil space 50 for a long time exceeds expectations. Negative effects (root rot, etc.) on plants can also be avoided.
 本実施形態では、空隙部材40は、底盤部材10の上の防水層30と、底盤部材10から上方に立ち上がる枠部材20の内側表面の防水層30とに沿って配置されている。空隙部材40は、防水層30により形成されている雨水貯留層内の水位が低い場合、降雨の際に土壌空間50(使用時には植栽土壌91が投入されている)の余剰水を下部で受ける空間を提供し、植栽土壌が過湿になることを防ぐ機能を実現する。また、空隙部材40が排水口21に接して配置されていることから、防水層30により形成されている雨水貯留層内が満水の場合は排水口21から余剰水が排水される。
 空隙部材40は、独立したシート状のものを複数隣接して設けてもよく、また、底盤部材10の表面を覆う1つの空隙部材40を設けてもよい。上述した機能を発揮するためには、空隙部材40は、その外部の少なくとも一部が防水層30によって取り囲まれていることが必要である。
In this embodiment, the gap member 40 is arranged along the waterproof layer 30 on the bottom board member 10 and the waterproof layer 30 on the inner surface of the frame member 20 rising upward from the bottom board member 10. When the water level in the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30 is low, the void member 40 receives surplus water in the soil space 50 (into which planting soil 91 is put when in use) during rainfall at its lower part. It provides space and prevents the planting soil from becoming overly moist. Furthermore, since the void member 40 is disposed in contact with the drain port 21, when the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30 is full of water, excess water is drained from the drain port 21.
A plurality of independent sheet-shaped gap members 40 may be provided adjacent to each other, or one gap member 40 may be provided that covers the surface of the bottom plate member 10. In order to exhibit the above-mentioned function, it is necessary that at least a portion of the outside of the cavity member 40 is surrounded by the waterproof layer 30.
 空隙部材40は、樹脂製や金網、あるいは金網を樹脂でコーティングした複合素材等を用いることができる。形状は、空隙が連続して設けられていることが望ましく、例えば、目が粗い立体的なメッシュ状の形状とすることができる。メッシュの線材の太さは概ね2mm以上5mm以下が望ましく、メッシュの間隔は概ね10mm以上15mm以下であることが望ましい。
 本実施形態で用いた空隙部材40は、図5に示すように、空隙40cを備える立方体状の骨格形状が多数連続した形状をした樹脂製の部材である。また、本実施形態で用いた空隙部材40は、結合凸部40aと結合凹部40bとを有しており、複数の空隙部材40を連結することができる。
 空隙部材40には、排水材、排水マット等として市販されている製品を適宜利用することができる。例えば、UNISEAL社製 GrasCell DC50を好適に用いることができる。また、空隙部材40には、株式会社吉原化工製 立体網状スパイラル構造体「もやいドレーン」、新光ナイロン株式会社製 立体網状構造体「ヘチマロン」、前田工繊株式会社製 リブ型構造体「エンドレンマット」、三菱ケミカルインフラテック株式会社製 凹凸構造体「ダイヤドレーン」等も好適に用いることができる。
The gap member 40 can be made of resin, wire mesh, or a composite material made of wire mesh coated with resin. The shape is preferably one in which voids are continuously provided, and for example, the shape can be a coarse three-dimensional mesh shape. The thickness of the mesh wire is preferably approximately 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and the mesh interval is preferably approximately 10 mm or more and 15 mm or less.
As shown in FIG. 5, the gap member 40 used in this embodiment is a member made of resin and has a shape in which a large number of cubic skeletons each having a gap 40c are connected. Further, the gap member 40 used in this embodiment has a coupling convex portion 40a and a coupling recess 40b, and can connect a plurality of gap members 40.
For the gap member 40, commercially available products such as drainage materials, drainage mats, etc. can be used as appropriate. For example, GrasCell DC50 manufactured by UNISEAL can be suitably used. In addition, the cavity member 40 includes a three-dimensional network spiral structure "Moyai Drain" manufactured by Yoshiwara Kako Co., Ltd., a three-dimensional network structure "Hechimaron" manufactured by Shinko Nylon Co., Ltd., and a rib-type structure "Endrenmat" manufactured by Maeda Kosen Co., Ltd. ", Mitsubishi Chemical Infratech Co., Ltd.'s uneven structure "Dia Drain", etc. can also be suitably used.
 土壌空間50は、枠部材20に囲まれる領域であって、植栽土壌91が設けられ、植栽を行うための空間である。 The soil space 50 is an area surrounded by the frame member 20, and is a space in which planting soil 91 is provided and for planting.
 透水性シート60は、透水性を備えており、空隙部材40が土壌空間50側へ露出する部位、及び、空隙部材40が外部空間に露出する部位を覆って配置されている。また、透水性シート60は、衛生害虫のうち吸血昆虫が、(後述するように)通過できない物性を有している。
 図3に示すように、本実施形態では、底盤部材10の上に敷き詰められた空隙部材40の上面の全体に透水性シート60を配置しており、排水口21からの吸血昆虫の侵入を阻止している。また、導水部41の上面も透水性シート60で覆っており、導水部41からの吸血昆虫の侵入を阻止している。
 なお、本実施形態では、透水性シート60は、空隙部材40の露出する側にだけ設ける例を示した。これに限らず、空隙部材40の全体を透水性シート60で覆う、すなわち、空隙部材40を透水性シート60で包み込む形態としてもよい。
The water-permeable sheet 60 has water permeability and is disposed to cover a portion where the void member 40 is exposed to the soil space 50 side and a portion where the void member 40 is exposed to the external space. In addition, the water-permeable sheet 60 has physical properties that prevent blood-sucking insects (among sanitary pests) from passing through it (as described later).
As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, a water-permeable sheet 60 is disposed over the entire upper surface of the cavity member 40 spread over the bottom panel member 10 to prevent blood-sucking insects from entering through the drain port 21. are doing. Further, the upper surface of the water guide section 41 is also covered with a water permeable sheet 60 to prevent blood-sucking insects from entering through the water guide section 41.
In addition, in this embodiment, the water permeable sheet 60 showed the example provided only on the exposed side of the cavity member 40. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the entire cavity member 40 may be covered with the water-permeable sheet 60, that is, the cavity member 40 may be wrapped in the water-permeable sheet 60.
 透水性シート60は、空隙部材40への植栽土壌91の細粒分の侵入よる目詰まりや、雨水貯留槽への蚊等の吸血昆虫の侵入を防ぐことを目的として設けている。このため、
透水性シート60は、土粒子及び生物の侵入を防止できる「細目メッシュ膜」であることが必要である。本実施形態で用いる透水性シート60としての「細目メッシュ膜」は、一般的な家庭の網として「細目」とされる30メッシュ網目(概ね0.67mm目)と同等か、さらに細かい80メッシュ網目(概ね0.25mm目)を用いて、有害生物の侵入を効果的に阻止する。
 なお、本実施形態の透水性シート60は、防根機能を備えてない。しかし、植栽の種類や土壌の深さ条件によっては、透水性シート60に防根機能を備えるものを用いてもよいし、透水性シート60とは別に防根機能を備えた防根シートをさらに配置してもよい。
The water-permeable sheet 60 is provided for the purpose of preventing clogging caused by fine particles of the planting soil 91 entering the void member 40 and preventing blood-sucking insects such as mosquitoes from entering the rainwater storage tank. For this reason,
The water permeable sheet 60 needs to be a "fine mesh membrane" that can prevent soil particles and living organisms from entering. The "fine mesh membrane" as the water-permeable sheet 60 used in this embodiment has an 80 mesh mesh that is equivalent to or even finer than a 30 mesh mesh (approximately 0.67 mm), which is considered "fine" as a general household mesh. (approximately 0.25 mm) to effectively prevent the invasion of pests.
Note that the water permeable sheet 60 of this embodiment does not have a root prevention function. However, depending on the type of planting and soil depth conditions, the water-permeable sheet 60 may have a root-prevention function, or a root-prevention sheet with a root-prevention function may be used separately from the water-permeable sheet 60. Further locations may be provided.
 給水部材70は、植栽土壌91に対する給水を促進するために、防水層30により形成されている雨水貯留層と植栽土壌91とを結ぶ給水路を形成する。
 給水部材70は、毛細管現象により揚水できる機能を有するものであれば材質は限定されないが、湿潤な環境に耐えることのできる経年劣化の少ない無機素材であることが望ましい。例えば、合成繊維(ナイロン系、ビニロン系、ポリエステル系、アクリル系、ポリフィリン系、ポリウレタン系等)の不織布、織布、特殊処理紙等を用いることができる。本実施形態では、給水部材70として、いわゆる毛細管(キャピラリー)シートと呼ばれて市販されているシートを用いた。
The water supply member 70 forms a water supply channel that connects the planting soil 91 with the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30 in order to promote water supply to the planting soil 91.
The material of the water supply member 70 is not limited as long as it has the function of pumping water through capillary action, but it is preferably an inorganic material that can withstand a humid environment and has little deterioration over time. For example, nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, specially treated paper, etc. of synthetic fibers (nylon, vinylon, polyester, acrylic, polyphylline, polyurethane, etc.) can be used. In this embodiment, a commercially available sheet called a so-called capillary sheet was used as the water supply member 70.
 図4に示すように、給水部材70は、上下方向に延在する部位70aを中心として、空隙部材40の下面側に延在する部位70bと空隙部材40の上面側に延在する部位70cとが対向しない向きに振り分けられて配置されて略逆Z字形状(クランク形状)に構成されている。なお、観察する向きによっては、Z字形状に見えている。本実施形態では、空隙部材40の上面側に延在する部位70cは、透水性シート60の下に配置されている。したがって、給水部材70から供給される水は透水性シート60を介して植栽土壌91へと供給される。このため、透水性シート60についても、吸水性や毛細管現象を備えることが望ましい。
 また、給水部材70は、空隙部材40の下面側に延在する部位70bと上面側に延在する部位70cとを対向して配置し、部位70bと部位70cとを上下方向で接続する部位70aを備えて略コの字形状に構成してもよい。
 なお、各図において、給水部材70を厚く図示していることにより、底盤部材10と空隙部材40との間に隙間があるように図示されているが、給水部材70の厚さは極僅かであって、実際には底盤部材10と空隙部材40とは接触している。
As shown in FIG. 4, the water supply member 70 has a portion 70a extending in the vertical direction, a portion 70b extending toward the lower surface of the gap member 40, and a portion 70c extending toward the upper surface of the gap member 40. are arranged so as not to face each other, forming a substantially inverted Z-shape (crank-shape). Note that depending on the viewing direction, it looks like a Z-shape. In this embodiment, the portion 70c extending toward the upper surface of the cavity member 40 is arranged below the water permeable sheet 60. Therefore, water supplied from the water supply member 70 is supplied to the planting soil 91 via the water permeable sheet 60. For this reason, it is desirable that the water permeable sheet 60 also have water absorbency and capillarity.
In addition, the water supply member 70 has a portion 70b extending toward the lower surface of the cavity member 40 and a portion 70c extending toward the upper surface facing each other, and a portion 70a connecting the portion 70b and the portion 70c in the vertical direction. It may be configured in a substantially U-shape.
In addition, in each figure, the water supply member 70 is illustrated thickly so that there is a gap between the bottom plate member 10 and the gap member 40, but the thickness of the water supply member 70 is extremely small. Therefore, the bottom plate member 10 and the gap member 40 are actually in contact with each other.
 図6は、使用状態の植栽ユニット1を図1中の矢印D-Dの位置で切断した断面図である。図6においては、図1において省略した屋根部80についても示している。
 屋根部80は、土壌空間50の上方にあって、土壌空間50の大部分を覆っている。第1実施形態の屋根部80は、図2に示した向きから見ると、中央側が高く、両端部側が低くなっており、屋根部80が受けた雨水は、両端部から落下する。
 また、屋根部80が受けた雨水が落下する位置に導水部41の上部が設けられている。したがって、雨水を導水部41から防水層30により形成されている雨水貯留層へ引き込み、植栽の潅水として有効利用が可能である。
 また、屋根部80には、太陽電池パネルが設けられている(不図示)。
 本実施形態では、屋根部80は、門型フレーム81を使用し、その基礎を枠部材20一体化、又は、隣接させることで、土壌空間50内に屋根部80の基礎を無くす、又は、最小化することができる。よって、植栽の維持管理作業の作業性を向上することができる。
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the planting unit 1 in use, taken along arrow DD in FIG. In FIG. 6, the roof portion 80 omitted in FIG. 1 is also shown.
The roof portion 80 is located above the soil space 50 and covers most of the soil space 50. When the roof part 80 of the first embodiment is viewed from the direction shown in FIG. 2, the center side is high and both ends are low, and rainwater received by the roof part 80 falls from both ends.
Further, the upper part of the water guide section 41 is provided at a position where rainwater received by the roof section 80 falls. Therefore, rainwater can be drawn from the water guide portion 41 into the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30, and can be effectively used for irrigation of plants.
Further, the roof portion 80 is provided with a solar battery panel (not shown).
In this embodiment, the roof part 80 uses a gate-shaped frame 81 and its foundation is integrated with or adjacent to the frame member 20, thereby eliminating or minimizing the foundation of the roof part 80 in the soil space 50. can be converted into Therefore, the workability of planting maintenance work can be improved.
 図7は、第1実施形態の植栽ユニット1の使用状態を図2と同様な断面で示した断面図である。
 土壌空間50内には、植栽土壌91が満たされ、さらにその上にマルチング92が設けられ、植物93が植えられる。
 植栽土壌91としては、例えば、人工軽量土壌を好適に用いることができる。パーライトを主体とした人工軽量土壌は保水性と透水性のバランスに優れており、給水部材70によって雨水貯留層から供給される水分を保持するのに適している。なお、植栽土壌91としては、人工軽量土壌に限定するものではなく、様々な土壌を利用することができる。
 マルチング92としては、例えば、火山砂利や樹皮チップ等の公知のマルチング資材を用いることができる。マルチング92は、必須ではないが、マルチング92を設けることにより、美観の維持と雑草繁茂の抑制、土壌水分保持効果を期待することができる。
FIG. 7 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing the usage state of the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment.
The soil space 50 is filled with planting soil 91, mulching 92 is provided thereon, and plants 93 are planted.
As the planting soil 91, for example, artificial lightweight soil can be suitably used. The artificial lightweight soil mainly composed of perlite has an excellent balance of water retention and water permeability, and is suitable for retaining water supplied from the rainwater storage layer by the water supply member 70. Note that the planting soil 91 is not limited to artificial lightweight soil, and various soils can be used.
As the mulching 92, for example, known mulching materials such as volcanic gravel and bark chips can be used. Although the mulching 92 is not essential, by providing the mulching 92, it can be expected to maintain the aesthetic appearance, suppress the growth of weeds, and retain soil moisture.
 以上説明したように、第1実施形態の植栽ユニット1は、施工が容易であって、土壌空間50の貯留水の水量及び水捌けを適切に調整することができ、かつ、蚊等の有害生物の侵入を効果的に防止できる。 As explained above, the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment is easy to construct, can appropriately adjust the amount of water stored in the soil space 50 and the water drainage, and can prevent pests such as mosquitoes. can effectively prevent the intrusion of
(第2実施形態)
 図8は、第2実施形態の植栽ユニット1Bの使用状態を第1実施形態の図7と同様な断面で示した断面図である。
 図9は、図8中の範囲Eの拡大図である。
 第2実施形態の植栽ユニット1Bは、給水部材70の設置形態と、排水口21の形態が異なる他は、第1実施形態の植栽ユニット1と同様な形態をしている。よって、前述した第1実施形態と同様の機能を果たす部分には、同一の符号を付して、重複する説明を適宜省略する。
(Second embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 7 of the first embodiment, showing the usage state of the planting unit 1B of the second embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of range E in FIG.
The planting unit 1B of the second embodiment has the same configuration as the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment, except that the installation configuration of the water supply member 70 and the configuration of the drain port 21 are different. Therefore, parts that perform the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations will be omitted as appropriate.
 第2実施形態の給水部材70では、空隙部材40の上面側に延在する部位70cは、透水性シート60の上に配置されており、植栽土壌91と直接接触できるようになっている。このために透水性シート60には、設置時に給水部材70を通す切込を設けるとよい。給水部材70が植栽土壌91と直接接触することにより、植栽土壌91への水分の補給をより効率よく行うことができる。また、透水性シート60に吸水性や毛細管現象を要求する必要がなく、透水性シート60の選択肢を増やすことができる。 In the water supply member 70 of the second embodiment, the portion 70c extending toward the upper surface of the cavity member 40 is placed on the water-permeable sheet 60, so that it can come into direct contact with the planting soil 91. For this purpose, it is preferable to provide the water permeable sheet 60 with a cut through which the water supply member 70 is passed during installation. By bringing the water supply member 70 into direct contact with the planting soil 91, the planting soil 91 can be replenished with water more efficiently. Further, there is no need to require the water-permeable sheet 60 to have water absorbency or capillary action, and the number of options for the water-permeable sheet 60 can be increased.
 第2実施形態の排水口21は、枠部材20の内側から外側に向かって高さが低くなるように傾斜している。第1実施形態の排水口21のように水平に設けられていると、排水口21内に僅かに水が残留する場合があり、この残留水内で蚊等が繁殖するおそれがある。そこで、第2実施形態では、排水口21を傾斜させて水が残留することを防止している。 The drain port 21 of the second embodiment is inclined so that the height decreases from the inside of the frame member 20 toward the outside. If the drain port 21 of the first embodiment is provided horizontally, a small amount of water may remain in the drain port 21, and there is a risk that mosquitoes and the like may breed in this residual water. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the drain port 21 is tilted to prevent water from remaining.
 第2実施形態によれば、植栽ユニット1Bは、植栽土壌91への水分の補給をより効率よく行うことができる。また、排水口21内に水が残留することを防止できる。 According to the second embodiment, the planting unit 1B can replenish water to the planting soil 91 more efficiently. Further, water can be prevented from remaining in the drain port 21.
(第3実施形態)
 図10は、第3実施形態の植栽ユニット1Cの使用状態を第1実施形態の図7と同様な断面で示した断面図である。
 第3実施形態の植栽ユニット1Cは、屋根部80の形態が異なる点と、第2導水部42を備える他は、第1実施形態の植栽ユニット1と同様な形態をしている。よって、前述した第1実施形態と同様の機能を果たす部分には、同一の符号を付して、重複する説明を適宜省略する。
(Third embodiment)
FIG. 10 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 7 of the first embodiment, showing the usage state of the planting unit 1C of the third embodiment.
The planting unit 1C of the third embodiment has the same form as the planting unit 1 of the first embodiment, except that the form of the roof part 80 is different and the second water guiding part 42 is provided. Therefore, parts that perform the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations will be omitted as appropriate.
 第3実施形態の屋根部80は、中央側が端部側よりも低くなっており、屋根部80が受けた雨水は、中央部から落下する。
 また、第3実施形態の植栽ユニット1Cには、屋根部80が受けた雨水が落下する位置に第2導水部42が設けられている。第2導水部42は、導水部41と同様な構成であるが、本実施形態では、空隙部材40を2つ重ねて配置して、受水できる面積を広くしている。この他に、空隙部材を複数重ねることなく1層にすることでも、また、3層以上を重ねてもよい。第2導水部42に配置した空隙部材40についても、透水性シート60によって覆っている。
 なお、第3実施形態では、導水部41についても第1実施形態と同様に設けているが、導水部41を省略してもよい。その場合、導水部41の構成に代えて、排水口21の近辺だけ空隙部材40と透水性シート60を配置するとよい。
In the roof section 80 of the third embodiment, the center side is lower than the end sections, and rainwater received by the roof section 80 falls from the center section.
Furthermore, the planting unit 1C of the third embodiment is provided with a second water guide section 42 at a position where rainwater received by the roof section 80 falls. The second water guide section 42 has the same configuration as the water guide section 41, but in this embodiment, two gap members 40 are arranged one on top of the other to increase the area that can receive water. In addition, the gap members may be formed in one layer without stacking a plurality of them, or three or more layers may be stacked. The gap member 40 disposed in the second water guide section 42 is also covered with a water permeable sheet 60.
Note that in the third embodiment, the water guide section 41 is also provided in the same manner as in the first embodiment, but the water guide section 41 may be omitted. In that case, it is preferable to arrange the gap member 40 and the water-permeable sheet 60 only in the vicinity of the drain port 21 instead of the structure of the water guide section 41.
 第3実施形態によれば、屋根部80の形態が、多様な勾配が織り交ぜられている等、多様であっても、適切な位置に第2導水部42に配置することにより、雨水を第2導水部42から防水層30により形成されている雨水貯留層へ引き込み、給水部材を介して植栽の潅水として有効利用が可能である。 According to the third embodiment, even if the roof part 80 has various shapes, such as having various slopes interwoven with each other, rainwater can be directed to the second water guide part 42 by arranging it at an appropriate position. The rainwater is drawn from the second water guide portion 42 into the rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30, and can be effectively used as water for planting through a water supply member.
(変形形態)
 以上説明した実施形態に限定されることなく、種々の変形や変更が可能であって、それらも本開示の範囲内である。
(Deformed form)
Various modifications and changes are possible without being limited to the embodiments described above, and these are also within the scope of the present disclosure.
(1)各実施形態において、屋根部80は傾斜している例を挙げて説明した。これに限らず、例えば、傾斜せず平坦(略水平)に設けられた屋根部として構成してもよい。 (1) In each embodiment, the roof portion 80 has been described using an example that is inclined. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, it may be configured as a flat (substantially horizontal) roof portion that is not inclined.
(2)各実施形態において、屋根部80は、太陽電池パネルを備えている例を挙げて説明した。これに限らず、太陽電池パネルを備えない屋根部として構成してもよい。 (2) In each embodiment, the roof portion 80 has been described using an example provided with a solar cell panel. The present invention is not limited to this, and may be configured as a roof portion that does not include a solar cell panel.
(3)各実施形態において、屋根部80の端部から水が直接落下する位置に導水部41、42を設けた例を挙げて説明した。これに限らず、例えば、屋根部から落下する雨水を、雨樋で受け止めて、配管によって導水部に落水させる構成としてもよいし、配管をそのまま防水層30により形成されている雨水貯水層に接続させてもよい。 (3) In each of the embodiments, an example has been described in which the water guide portions 41 and 42 are provided at positions where water directly falls from the end of the roof portion 80. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, rainwater falling from the roof may be caught by a rain gutter and allowed to fall to a water guide section through piping, or the piping may be directly connected to a rainwater storage layer formed by the waterproof layer 30. You may let them.
 なお、各実施形態及び変形形態は、適宜組み合わせて用いることもできるが、詳細な説明は省略する。また、本開示は以上説明した各実施形態によって限定されることはない。 Note that the embodiments and modifications can be used in appropriate combinations, but detailed explanations will be omitted. Furthermore, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above.
1、1B、1C 植栽ユニット
3D  底盤部材
10  底盤部材
20  枠部材
21  排水口
30  防水層
40  空隙部材
40a 結合凸部
40b 結合凹部
40c 空隙
41  導水部
42  第2導水部
50  土壌空間
60  透水性シート
70  給水部材
80  屋根部
81  門型フレーム
91  植栽土壌
92  マルチング
93  植物
RT  屋上
RT1 設置面
1, 1B, 1C Planting unit 3D Bottom board member 10 Bottom board member 20 Frame member 21 Drainage port 30 Waterproof layer 40 Gap member 40a Joint convex part 40b Joining recess 40c Gap 41 Water guide part 42 Second water guide part 50 Soil space 60 Water permeable sheet 70 Water supply member 80 Roof part 81 Gate-shaped frame 91 Planting soil 92 Mulching 93 Plant RT Rooftop RT1 Installation surface

Claims (5)

  1.  雨水を受ける建物の部分に設けられる植栽ユニットであって、
     前記建物の部分であって上方に面した設置面に設けられる底盤部材と、
     前記底盤部材の周囲に設けられる枠部材と、
     前記底盤部材の表面、及び、前記枠部材の内側表面の少なくとも一部に設けられる防水層と、
     少なくとも前記底盤部材の上に設けられ、連続する空隙を備えた空隙部材と、
     前記枠部材に囲まれる領域であって、植栽土壌が設けられる土壌空間と、
     前記空隙部材が前記土壌空間側へ露出する部位、及び、前記空隙部材が外部空間に露出する部位を覆って配置され、透水性を備える透水性シートと、
     を備える植栽ユニット。
    A planting unit installed in a part of a building that receives rainwater,
    a bottom plate member provided on an upwardly facing installation surface that is a part of the building;
    a frame member provided around the bottom plate member;
    a waterproof layer provided on at least a portion of the surface of the bottom plate member and the inner surface of the frame member;
    a gap member provided on at least the bottom plate member and provided with a continuous gap;
    a soil space that is an area surrounded by the frame member and in which planting soil is provided;
    a water-permeable sheet that is disposed to cover a region where the void member is exposed to the soil space side and a region where the void member is exposed to the external space and has water permeability;
    A planting unit equipped with
  2.  請求項1に記載の植栽ユニットにおいて、
     前記透水性シートは、衛生害虫のうち吸血昆虫が通過できないこと、
     を特徴とする植栽ユニット。
    The planting unit according to claim 1,
    The water-permeable sheet is such that blood-sucking insects among sanitary pests cannot pass through it;
    A planting unit featuring:
  3.  請求項1又は請求項2に記載の植栽ユニットにおいて、
     前記空隙部材は、前記底盤部材に接触する位置から前記枠部材の上端付近まで連続して配置され上部から下部へ雨水を導く導水部を構成すること、
     を特徴とする植栽ユニット。
    In the planting unit according to claim 1 or claim 2,
    The gap member is arranged continuously from a position in contact with the bottom plate member to near the upper end of the frame member, and constitutes a water guide part that guides rainwater from the upper part to the lower part;
    A planting unit featuring:
  4.  請求項3に記載の植栽ユニットにおいて、
     前記土壌空間の上方には、当該植栽ユニットの少なくとも一部を覆う屋根部が設けられており、
     前記屋根部が受けた雨水が落下する位置に前記導水部の上部が設けられていること、
     を特徴とする植栽ユニット。
    The planting unit according to claim 3,
    A roof portion that covers at least a portion of the planting unit is provided above the soil space,
    an upper part of the water guide part is provided at a position where rainwater received by the roof part falls;
    A planting unit featuring:
  5.  請求項4に記載の植栽ユニットにおいて、
     前記屋根部には、太陽電池パネルが設けられていること、
     を特徴とする植栽ユニット。
    The planting unit according to claim 4,
    a solar battery panel is provided on the roof;
    A planting unit featuring:
PCT/JP2022/016325 2022-03-30 2022-03-30 Planting unit WO2023188200A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2022541697A JPWO2023188200A1 (en) 2022-03-30 2022-03-30
PCT/JP2022/016325 WO2023188200A1 (en) 2022-03-30 2022-03-30 Planting unit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/016325 WO2023188200A1 (en) 2022-03-30 2022-03-30 Planting unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023188200A1 true WO2023188200A1 (en) 2023-10-05

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ID=88199789

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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JP (1) JPWO2023188200A1 (en)
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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0547575Y2 (en) * 1990-09-25 1993-12-15
JP2001098633A (en) * 1999-09-30 2001-04-10 Kankyo Kikaku 21:Kk Rain water storage structure and method for storing rain water
JP2002017161A (en) * 2000-07-03 2002-01-22 Taisei Giken Kogyo Kk Greening system and method for making building rooftop greening system
JP2003013490A (en) * 2001-06-30 2003-01-15 Keiji Takeda Street-inlet general-purpose and mosquito-proof net
JP2003339231A (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-02 Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd Planting base structure
JP2006141309A (en) * 2004-11-22 2006-06-08 Ohbayashi Corp Greening base system and method for carrying out the same
JP2006158322A (en) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-22 Yanmar Co Ltd Water-retaining and draining board for vegetation
JP6748326B1 (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-26 鹿島建設株式会社 Planting structure with solar power generation function

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0547575Y2 (en) * 1990-09-25 1993-12-15
JP2001098633A (en) * 1999-09-30 2001-04-10 Kankyo Kikaku 21:Kk Rain water storage structure and method for storing rain water
JP2002017161A (en) * 2000-07-03 2002-01-22 Taisei Giken Kogyo Kk Greening system and method for making building rooftop greening system
JP2003013490A (en) * 2001-06-30 2003-01-15 Keiji Takeda Street-inlet general-purpose and mosquito-proof net
JP2003339231A (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-02 Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd Planting base structure
JP2006141309A (en) * 2004-11-22 2006-06-08 Ohbayashi Corp Greening base system and method for carrying out the same
JP2006158322A (en) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-22 Yanmar Co Ltd Water-retaining and draining board for vegetation
JP6748326B1 (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-26 鹿島建設株式会社 Planting structure with solar power generation function

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