WO2023179380A1 - Method and apparatus for controlling gas supply of gas supply system - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for controlling gas supply of gas supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023179380A1
WO2023179380A1 PCT/CN2023/080794 CN2023080794W WO2023179380A1 WO 2023179380 A1 WO2023179380 A1 WO 2023179380A1 CN 2023080794 W CN2023080794 W CN 2023080794W WO 2023179380 A1 WO2023179380 A1 WO 2023179380A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
pressure
control
gas supply
user
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PCT/CN2023/080794
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
阎峻昆
阚翔
张志杰
尹永杰
Original Assignee
乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司
阎峻昆
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Publication of WO2023179380A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023179380A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/20—Arrangements or systems of devices for influencing or altering dynamic characteristics of the systems, e.g. for damping pulsations caused by opening or closing of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/28—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to process control and, more particularly, to methods, apparatus and systems for controlling a gas supply such as a gas buffer device in a gas supply system.
  • a gas supply system including an Air Separate Unit (ASU) is used to supply gas to users in a factory or industrial park. According to the user's demand or consumption of gas, the system dynamically adjusts the gas supply load of the buffer tank used to store gas to meet the user's gas demand.
  • ASU Air Separate Unit
  • the operator needs to pay attention to the peak or valley value of the gas pressure in the buffer tank continuously (for example, 24 hours a day), and adjust the air intake volume of the buffer tank based on experience. For example, if the pressure peak becomes higher, it indicates that the user's gas demand becomes smaller, and the gas supply of the air separation device to the buffer tank can be manually reduced accordingly; while if the pressure peak becomes lower, it indicates that the gas demand becomes larger, and the air separation device needs to be manually increased accordingly. Gas supply to buffer tank.
  • embodiments of the present application propose methods, devices and systems for controlling gas supply.
  • the gas supply system includes a gas generating device and a gas buffering device.
  • the gas buffering device receives the gas supply from the gas generating device and provides a gas supply to a user.
  • Gas the method includes: obtaining pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device, the pressure measurement data is associated with the user's gas demand in the previous gas consumption cycle; determining pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device based on the pressure measurement data, wherein the pressure prediction data The data includes predicted pressure and predicted pressure change rate; and control parameters for gas supply of the gas buffer device are determined based on the pressure prediction data.
  • a device for controlling gas supply of a gas supply system includes a gas generating device and a gas buffering device.
  • the gas buffering device receives the gas supply from the gas generating device and supplies the gas to the user.
  • the device includes: a detection unit configured to obtain pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device, the pressure measurement data being associated with the user's gas demand in a previous gas consumption cycle; a control unit configured to obtain pressure measurement data based on the pressure measurement data.
  • the data determines pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device and determines control parameters of gas supply of the gas buffer device based on the pressure prediction data, wherein the pressure prediction data includes a predicted pressure and a predicted pressure change rate.
  • a computer-readable storage medium with a computer program stored thereon.
  • the computer program includes executable instructions.
  • the executable instructions are executed by a processor, the method as described above is implemented. .
  • an electronic device includes a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the executable instructions to implement the method as described above.
  • a gas supply system which at least includes a gas generating device, a gas buffering device, and a device for controlling the gas supply of the gas supply system as described above.
  • the method, equipment, system and computer storage medium for controlling the gas supply of the gas supply system proposed in this application can realize the user's gas demand and/or based on big data and Advanced Process Control (APC, Advanced Process Control) technology. Or the gas supply in application scenarios with severe fluctuations in consumption, especially the predictive control of the automatic gas supply load in the process of the gas generation device providing gas to the gas buffer device.
  • API Advanced Process Control
  • the system state of the gas supply system at the next sampling interval or time and its changing trend can be predicted, and after comparison with the control constraints as a reference, the requirements for the gas supply system, especially for storing gas provided to users, can be determined.
  • Control parameters related to the gas supply of the gas buffer device and the gas production of the gas generating device can be determined.
  • This automated load prediction control scheme can significantly reduce manual operation time and thereby reduce labor/time costs, while accurately predicting and tracking users' gas demand, significantly reducing waste and costs caused by the vaporization of vented gas products and liquid products.
  • the solution of this application is replicable and can be easily applied to other scenarios with similar needs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a gas supply system architecture for supplying gas according to one embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a historical data curve of a user's gas demand according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a historical data curve of a user's gas demand according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of autoregressive analysis of historical data curves of gas demand for determining a user's gas consumption cycle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of control logic for controlling gas supply according to one embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling gas supply according to one embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural block diagram of a device for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural block diagram of a gas supply system for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The concept is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.
  • the dimensions of some components may be exaggerated or distorted for clarity.
  • the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary architecture of a gas supply system for supplying gas to a user according to one embodiment of the present application.
  • the gas supply system 100 refers to a collection of equipment for supplying gas to gas users.
  • the gas supply system 100 marked with dotted lines may generally include a gas generating device 104 for supplying gas and for receiving gas from the gas generating device 104 As well as a gas buffer device 101 for storing and buffering gas before providing the gas to the user, a detection unit 102 for measuring the parameters and status of each device in the gas supply system 100, and realizing automatic gas supply load prediction of the gas supply system 100 and regulated control unit 103, as well as corresponding supply pipelines 101a to 101c, etc.
  • the gas generating device 104 is used to produce gas products required by gas users.
  • the gas generating device 104 may include, for example, an air separation unit (hereinafter referred to as ASU), and may also include other types of devices for generating various gas products.
  • ASU air separation unit
  • the gas products produced by the gas generating device 104 include not only oxygen, nitrogen and argon usually produced by ASU, but also various types of gas products such as hydrogen and NH3 to meet the diverse needs of different gas users.
  • the gas supply system 100 has two gas users 131 and 132 .
  • the gas supply system 100 can supply gas to a single user, or can supply gas to more users at the same time, where the number of users can also be 3, 4 or more.
  • Users 131 and 132 may be factories that are adjacent or similar in location (for example, in the same industrial park), they may be factories in different locations, or they may be different factory areas or workshops in a large factory.
  • individual gas consumers can be distinguished based on the number of separate supply lines corresponding to the consumers.
  • the ASU 104 provides the gas required by the user to the gas buffer tank 101 through the supply line 101a.
  • the gas demand of users 131 and 132 in the industrial park such as the average of the overall gas demand of multiple users, the peak of the overall gas demand, etc.
  • the gas supply capacity of a single set of ASU a single ASU or multiple ASUs can be used.
  • ASUs provide gas separation and supply functions in parallel. Typically each ASU provides the same gas separation and supply functions.
  • multiple ASUs in parallel can meet the overall gas demand of multiple users, but there is generally no strict correspondence between ASUs and users, that is, a certain An ASU or group of ASUs is not designed to meet the gas needs of a specific user.
  • the gas provided by the ASU 104 may generally include oxygen (O 2 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), argon (Ar), etc. These gases are connected to corresponding gas buffer tanks 101 through separate supply lines, thereby supplying corresponding gases to users via supply lines 101b and 101c corresponding to users 131 and 132, respectively.
  • the ASU 104 can also include a back-up system for use in the event the ASU's gas supply is insufficient. In emergency situations where household gas demand increases dramatically, liquid product vaporization is used to quickly replenish corresponding gas products. The cost of vaporizing liquid products is relatively high, so the automatic gas supply load prediction and adjustment functions of the gas supply system 100 try to avoid using this supply method.
  • the sensing device may include, for example, a flow meter that detects the gas amount and/or gas flow rate output by the ASU 104, a thermometer that detects the gas temperature, a pressure gauge that detects the gas pressure in the pipeline 101a, and the like.
  • the sensing device may be integrated into the ASU 104 or provided in the gas supply system 100 as part of or separate from the detection unit 102 .
  • the actuating device may include, for example, a valve that controls the gas flow or flow rate by adjusting the opening of the valve or valve core through electromagnetic or mechanical means.
  • the actuating device may be integrated into the ASU 104 and controlled by control components in the ASU 104 , or controlled by the control unit 103 in the gas supply system 100 .
  • the gas buffer device 101 is used to temporarily store gas from the ASU 104 and provide a buffer between the ASU 104 and the users 131 and 132.
  • the gas buffer device 101 may, for example, be implemented as a gas buffer tank (Buffer Tank) or other reaction vessel, gas container or pipeline with gas storage and buffering functions.
  • a gas buffer tank is used as a specific example of a gas buffer device below.
  • the gas buffer tank 101 can adjust the pressure, flow rate, temperature, etc. of the gas output from the gas supply pipelines 101b and 101c to the users 131 and 132 to ensure the strict requirements of the industrial reaction process of the gas users 131 and 132.
  • the gas buffer tank 101 detects the state parameters of the gas stored therein through corresponding sensors in the detection unit 102 .
  • the state parameters of the gas include, for example, pressure and temperature.
  • the pressure of the gas can be detected by a pressure sensor located inside the gas buffer tank 101 (eg on the inner wall of the container or in the container space) or located outside the gas buffer tank 101 (eg on the outer wall of the container).
  • the temperature of the gas can also be detected by a temperature sensor located inside or outside the gas buffer tank 101 .
  • an ambient temperature sensor located on or near the gas buffer tank 101 for detecting the ambient temperature of the location where the gas buffer tank 101 is located may also be provided. The ambient temperature can be used as the temperature of the gas stored in the gas buffer tank 101 .
  • Gas buffer tank 101 delivers gas to users 131 and 132 via supply lines 101b and 101c respectively.
  • corresponding sensing devices and actuating devices need to be provided on the supply pipelines 101b and 101c.
  • pipeline 101b can be provided with a flowmeter for detecting gas flow or flow rate, a manometer for detecting gas pressure, a thermometer for detecting gas temperature, and a thermometer for adjusting the opening of a valve or valve core through electromagnetic or mechanical means. Valves to control gas flow or velocity, etc.
  • sensing devices and actuating devices may be disposed on the side of the supply pipeline 101b close to the gas buffer tank 101, in the middle of the supply pipeline 101b, or on the side of the supply pipeline 101b close to the user 131.
  • the sensing device when provided on the side of the gas buffer tank 101, the sensing device can be used as a part of the detection unit 102 to facilitate the gas supply system 100 to detect the system status.
  • the actuating device is controlled by the control unit 103 of the gas supply system 100 and controls the system operation as one of the actuating or executing devices of the system.
  • the relevant parameters detected by the sensing device can more accurately characterize the gas state parameters of the user 131 when receiving the supplied gas product, and accordingly the actuating device can also more accurately control and
  • the flow or rate, temperature, and pressure of the gas delivered to user 131 are regulated.
  • the temperature in the environment where the gas supply system 100 is located is uniform, it can be considered that the temperature of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 and the supply pipelines 101b and 101c can be represented by the ambient temperature, thereby reducing the number of temperature sensors.
  • the parameters detected by the sensing device and the control or regulating parameters of the actuating device (such as the opening of the valve) of the gas supplied from the ASU 104 and the gas output to the users 131 and 132 are regarded as the inlet side of the gas buffer tank 101 and If the gas state parameters and control parameters on the outlet side are detected, the detection device 102 can obtain the main system status of the gas supply system 100 by detecting various parameters related to the gas buffer tank 101, as shown in Figure 1 from the gas buffer tank 101 to the detection unit 102.
  • control unit 103 can provide state control and adjustment of the gas buffer tank 101 by respectively controlling the operating parameters of each actuating device related to the gas buffer tank 101, thereby realizing automatic load prediction of the gas supply of the gas supply system 100. and regulation.
  • different gas buffer tanks 101 may be provided for different types of gases, and one or more gas buffer tanks 101 may be provided for the same type of gas.
  • Gas buffer tanks 101 storing gases of the same type may be connected in parallel or in series.
  • a supply pipeline 101 b that provides gas from a plurality of gas buffer tanks 101 of a type gas to a user such as the user 131 may be a general supply pipeline that collects supply pipeline branches from these gas buffer tanks 101 .
  • the sensing device and the actuating device may be provided on the respective general supply lines 101b and 101c supplying gas from the gas buffer tank 101 to the users 131 and 132 .
  • one or more gas buffer tanks 101 storing the same type of gas are represented in the form of a single gas buffer tank 101. For example, it can be assumed that these gas buffer tanks 101 have the same temperature, pressure, and other state parameters to facilitate system analysis and solution description.
  • the control unit 103 obtains the system status parameters from the detection unit 102 , especially the measurement data of the system status parameters related to the gas buffer tank 101 .
  • system status parameters include, for example, the pressure and temperature of the gas stored in the gas buffer tank 101, the flow rate or flow rate of the gas entering the gas buffer tank 101 from the ASU 104, the flow rate or flow rate of the gas output from the gas buffer tank 101 to the users 131 and 132, or Flow rate etc.
  • the control unit 103 may also obtain the user's gas demand data from the users 131 and 132 .
  • the user's gas demand data can be measured by sensing devices (such as flow meters close to the user side) provided on the supply pipelines 101b and 101c, or can be provided by users 131 and 132 (for example, from users 131 and 132 in Figure 1 132 to the control unit 103 (shown by the dashed arrow).
  • the gas demand data may be input into the control unit 103 by the detection unit 102 or the user, for example, in the form of a historical data curve of gas demand/consumption, or the control unit 103 may be based on measurement data from the detection unit 102 or the users 131 and 132 or Input data generation for user requirements.
  • the measurement data of the system state parameters detected by the detection unit 102 not only include sampling data acquired at the current sampling time or interval, but may also include a previous time or interval, or a collection of sampling data accumulated within a previous period of time, the latter may be referred to as Historical data of sampled data or measurement data at a historical time or during a historical interval.
  • the gas demand data from users 131 and 132 also includes not only gas demand data obtained at the current sampling time or interval, but also may include a collection of gas demand data accumulated at a previous time or interval, or a previous period of time, the latter This may accordingly be referred to as historical data of a user's gas demand at historical times or during historical intervals. Historical data accumulates a large amount of valuable information about the process, which can better reflect system trends than instantaneous data at a certain time or interval.
  • Table 1 gives an exemplary flow distribution table of the gas demand of users in the industrial park during a certain period of time, where the supplied gas is gaseous oxygen in standard cubic meters (Nm 3 ) or standard cubic meters per hour. (Nm 3 /h).
  • Table 2 gives an exemplary flow distribution table of the gas supply system using three sets of ASUs (ASU1 to ASU3) to provide gas supply that meets the overall oxygen demand from users A to C during this period of time.
  • ASU1 to ASU3 the gas supply of ASU1 to 3 is used to meet the overall oxygen demand of the three users, that is, the total amount of gas supply meets the total oxygen demand of the users.
  • the ASU may produce more gas than the users require and cause the gas pressure in the gas buffer tank 101 and supply lines 101a to 101c to be too high.
  • the gas supply system 100 needs to discharge or even vent the excess gas in the gas buffer tank 101, causing the gas products produced by the ASU to be wasted. This situation has a greater negative impact when user demand drops strongly in an instant or within a short period of time. If ASU's gas product production speed cannot meet the user's instantaneous or short-term strong increase, in order to ensure the gas supply flow or flow rate required by the user's reaction process, the liquid gas product must be vaporized by the ASU 104's backup system to quickly replenish it.
  • F in is the gas flow rate entering the gas buffer tank 101
  • F out is the gas flow rate leaving the gas buffer tank 101 .
  • F in and F out can use two flow sensing devices (such as flow meters) located on the gas inlet side and the outlet side of the gas buffer tank 101 to detect the gas flow rate under the standard state. get;
  • ⁇ is the gas density
  • ⁇ s is the gas density under the standard state
  • t is the instantaneous time
  • R is the gas constant
  • P is the pressure of the gas, which can be detected by a pressure sensor located inside or outside the gas buffer tank 101. It is assumed here that the pressure of the gas buffer tank 101 (including multiple gas buffer tanks connected in parallel or in series) is evenly distributed;
  • T is the temperature of the gas, which is detected by a temperature sensor located inside or outside the gas buffer tank 101 .
  • the ambient temperature of the location where the gas buffer tank 101 is located may be used as the temperature of the gas in the formula. Assume that the gas temperature or ambient temperature during the gas supply process of interest (e.g., 30 minutes, 1 hour or longer) is constant, that is, T is constant;
  • M is the molar mass of gas (oxygen).
  • the pressure change rate dP/dt of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 is used to reflect the deviation between the user's gas (oxygen) consumption and the gas supply of the ASU 104, that is, a direct indicator to predict the user's gas demand trend.
  • the parameter dP/dt can be used as one of the key prediction parameters of the gas demand trend.
  • the user's gas demand trend can be accurately predicted, providing a theoretical basis for the gas supply load of the ASU 104 to accurately track the user's gas demand trend. support.
  • Determining the gas supply strategy requires determining the user's gas consumption cycle.
  • the control unit 103 first obtains gas demand/consumption data continuously collected (for example, collected from users 131 and 132 respectively) at a predetermined sampling time interval (for example, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes or longer time intervals).
  • the historical data of gas demand/consumption data may adopt a historical data set of gas demand data provided from the user 131 or 132 or from a sensing device (eg, a flow meter) on the supply pipeline close to the user side. .
  • Figures 2 and 3 respectively show the historical gas demand of user A in different time periods in the form of historical data curves of gas demand. It can be seen that the historical data curve of user A's gas demand in the time period shown in Figure 3 shows more severe fluctuations (the flow rate changes on the vertical axis are larger) than that of this user in the time period shown in Figure 2 and occupies The main part of the influence on the gas supply load of the gas supply system 100 (the flow rate on the vertical axis and the absolute value of its change is greater).
  • autoregressive analysis can be performed on historical data curves to determine the gas consumption cycle of the user's gas demand.
  • Autoregressive analysis is suitable for quickly determining the autocorrelation characteristics of parameters with low computational complexity. Those skilled in the art can imagine that other methods can also be used to determine the user's gas consumption cycle.
  • the control unit 103 can perform autoregressive analysis on the historical data curve of each user's gas demand/consumption to obtain the gas consumption period corresponding to each user's gas demand. Determining the gas consumption cycle separately for each user can support the gas supply system 100 to formulate a gas supply strategy and automatic load adjustment plan for each gas user to obtain a more accurate gas supply effect. The control unit 103 can also change the gas consumption cycle of the user with the same or similar starting time and phase. Integrate the historical data of individual demand to determine the supply strategy and automatic load adjustment scheme for gas supply to multiple users at the same time.
  • the historical data curve of user A's gas demand (recorded as original curve y) is horizontally shifted forward or backward along the horizontal axis (time) according to the sampling time interval (for example, 30 seconds) to obtain the shifted value.
  • Curve y' perform correlation analysis on the two curves y and y', and determine the correlation (also called the degree of agreement) between the two historical gas demand data curves in time intervals with different phase differences. If there is a large correlation between two points with the same horizontal axis coordinate (time) in the two curves, the two curves have a large correlation value, otherwise they have a low correlation value. Defining the correlation value as a value between [0,1], obviously if two curves are exactly the same (i.e. not shifted in time) then they have a correlation value of 1.
  • the correlation value between the two An autoregressive correlation graph is generated as the vertical axis coordinate, as shown in Figure 4A.
  • the two curves y and The correlation value of y' reaches the peak of the maximum correlation value (sub-maximum correlation) except the maximum correlation value at the point where the abscissa is 0 (0 shift step).
  • the peak indicates the presence of a large parameter autocorrelation value at that lead shift step or the lag shift step, while the trough indicates the presence of a smaller autocorrelation value, that is, the least correlation.
  • the highest peak other than the 0 point appears once every 60 shift steps, and the correlation value of the peak is the same or basically the same, which proves that the gas demand of user A has a gas consumption period of 60 shift steps.
  • the sampling time interval in this example is 30 seconds, so the sum of the sampling time intervals of 60 shift steps is 30 minutes. From the historical data curve of user A's gas demand, it can be determined that its gas consumption period is 30 minutes.
  • Figure 4B is an autoregressive correlation graph between the original curve y and the shifted curve y' of the historical data curve of user B's gas demand. Although there are multiple peaks and troughs in the figure except for the 0 point position, the maximum peak (except for the 0 point) still appears at +-60 shift steps, so the gas consumption of user B's gas demand can be determined
  • the cycle time is 30 minutes.
  • the control unit 103 predicts the gas consumption trend of the user at a future sampling time or time interval based on the acquired historical data of the system state variables of the gas supply system in the previous user's gas consumption period. Corresponding predicted system state variables.
  • the system state variables use the gas pressure and pressure change rate of the gas buffer tank 101 analyzed and determined above.
  • the pressure measurement data of the gas buffer tank 101 in the previous gas usage cycle acquired by the detection unit 102 reflects the user's gas demand information in the gas usage cycle, or in other words, the pressure measurement data in the previous gas usage cycle is consistent with the pressure measurement data in the previous gas usage cycle. related to the user’s gas demand. Therefore, the predicted pressure and the predicted pressure change rate of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 can be calculated based on the pressure measurement data obtained during the previous user's gas usage cycle.
  • the detection unit 102 of the gas supply system 100 acquires the gas pressure in the gas buffer tank 101 and the temperature of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 (or ambient temperature) and its sampling time or measurement time.
  • the gas supply system 100 can also obtain measured values of gas pressure and gas temperature during other time periods.
  • the time period during which the detection unit 102 samples the gas parameters should be at least greater than or equal to a complete gas usage cycle determined above.
  • An averaging algorithm can be used to calculate the time period (such as one or more gas cycles, or greater than or equal to a complete At least one of the predicted pressure and the predicted pressure change rate during other times of the entire gas cycle). Averages can include moving averages or arithmetic averages.
  • the moving average of the measured values of the gas pressure obtained in one or more previous gas cycles or other time periods greater than or equal to a complete gas cycle can be used as the gas pressure in the future. Predicted value for time or interval. Based on the measured value of the gas pressure and the measurement time or sampling time corresponding to the measured value, the pressure change rate during the measurement time or time interval can also be calculated. The calculated multiple pressure change rates are in one or more previous gas consumption periods. The moving average of a period or other time period greater than or equal to a complete gas consumption cycle can be used as a prediction value of the gas pressure change rate at a future time or time interval.
  • the future time or time interval refers to the next control time or control time interval of the control unit 103 of the gas supply system 100, and the predicted value of the gas pressure and pressure change rate in the gas buffer tank 101 is used as the pressure at this future moment. and the expected value or control target value of the pressure change rate.
  • the control interval for the control unit 103 needs to be appropriately selected based on the sampling time or time interval of the detection unit 102 and the determined gas consumption cycle of the user. A longer control time or control time interval cannot accurately track the user's gas demand, while a shorter control time or control time interval not only increases the computing load of the control unit 103 of the gas supply system, but also causes excessive control or adjustment. Reduce the stability of the user's production process.
  • control time or time interval of the control unit 103 can be selected and fine-tuned according to the debugging results. For example, for a gas cycle of 30 minutes and a sampling interval of 30 seconds, the control time or control interval may be selected to be 1 minute, 5 minutes, or other lengths of time.
  • the temperature measurement value of the gas also needs to be considered when calculating the predicted pressure, especially the predicted pressure change rate, at least based on formula (3) to determine the predicted pressure corresponding to the gas temperature and Predict the rate of pressure change.
  • FIG. 5 shows exemplary control logic for Advanced Process Control (APC) of the gas supply system 100 .
  • APC Advanced Process Control
  • the (moving) average algorithm of the pressure change rate (dP/dt) and the pressure (P) of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 is added to the control logic.
  • the gas consumption period used to calculate the average value is calculated based on autoregressive analysis of the user's gas demand historical data.
  • the control input 510 of the control unit 103 is the expected value of the system state variable, for example, including the pressure of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 and the expected range of the pressure change rate, which are respectively referred to as the pressure control constraint and the pressure change rate control constraint.
  • Control constraints limit the change range of relevant system state variables, which are related to factors such as equipment parameters of the gas supply system, gas supply performance, load adjustment range, and equipment safety restrictions.
  • Control constraints can be represented by thresholds or a threshold range (also called a control band) consisting of an upper threshold and a lower threshold.
  • the pressure control constraint is the threshold range [P low , P High ] of the desired pressure P, which can be set to [2.0Mpa, 2.5Mpa], or more finely [2.05Mpa, 2.22Mpa], for example.
  • the pressure change rate control constraint is the threshold range of the desired pressure change rate dP/dt [DP low , DP high ]. For example, it can be set to [-5kPa/min, 7kPa/min], or more accurately [-5.1kPa/ min, 6.8kPa/min].
  • the output 512 of the gas supply system 100 is a system state variable adjusted by the gas supply, for example, the measured pressure and the calculated pressure change rate of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 after control.
  • the detection unit 102 detects the system control output 512 (gas pressure P), and obtains the gas pressure and gas pressure change rate of the gas buffer tank 101 as feedback signals of the system.
  • the feedback unit 504 whose transfer function is Gm(s)
  • the processed pressure is compared with the expected pressure and pressure change rate at 521 to obtain the pressure deviation e(P). and the pressure change rate deviation e(dP), and the pressure deviation e(P) is input to the pressure controller 501, and the pressure change rate deviation e(dP) is input to the pressure change rate controller 502.
  • the pressure controller 501 as one of the strategy controllers (its transfer function is Gc_a(s)), based on the pressure control constraints, determines the first control quantity of the gas supply strategy determined by the gas pressure to indicate the gas supply of the gas supply system 100 adjustment direction.
  • control strategy is explained by taking the moving average value of pressure and pressure change rate as the predicted value of the system state variable as an example, but those skilled in the art should understand that other calculated values of pressure and pressure change rate are also applicable.
  • the moving average value of the pressure Ave_Move(P)>P high it means that the gas supply volume of the gas buffer tank 101 exceeds the user's gas demand, and the gas supply needs to be reduced to avoid wasting gas.
  • the moving average value of the pressure Ave_Move(P) ⁇ P low it represents the gas supply of the gas buffer tank 101 The amount is not enough to meet the user's gas demand, and the gas supply needs to be increased and the liquid may even need to be vaporized.
  • the moving average value of the pressure Ave_Move(P) is between P low and P high , which means that the gas supply amount of the gas buffer tank 101 meets the pressure control constraint, and the gas supply amount meets the user's gas demand.
  • the comparison result between the moving average value of pressure Ave_Move (P) and the upper and lower thresholds P high and P low actually reflects the pressure (inventory) of the remaining gas after the gas buffer tank 101 provides the user's gas demand, and is used for judgment. Whether the air supply volume of the system meets the user's air demand.
  • the first control quantity generated by the pressure controller 501 may adopt a flag quantity (flag) indicating a gas supply strategy or a gas supply adjustment direction.
  • the marker quantity can use the discrete control method to simplify the control algorithm, and it is also convenient to adjust the control strategy based on experience to obtain fast and efficient control effects.
  • -1, 0 and +1 are respectively used as the flag quantity Flag1 output by the pressure controller 501.
  • the flag amount of -1 indicates that the gas stock in the gas buffer tank 101 is too large and the gas supply needs to be reduced; 0 indicates that the gas stock in the gas buffer tank 101 can still meet the user's needs, and there is no need to adjust the current gas supply plan and the gas supply remains insufficient.
  • +1 indicates that the gas stock in the gas buffer tank 101 is insufficient, and the gas supply needs to be increased to prepare for a rapid increase in user demand in advance.
  • the output flag Flag1 of the pressure controller 501 is -1, and the moving average value of pressure Ave_Move(P) falls into the threshold range [P low , P High ]
  • the output flag quantity Flag1 of the pressure controller 501 is 0 at medium time, and the output flag quantity Flag1 of the pressure controller 501 is +1 when the moving average value of pressure Ave_Move(P) ⁇ P is low .
  • the pressure change rate controller 502 of another strategy controller determines the gas supply strategy determined by the gas pressure change rate based on the pressure change rate control constraints.
  • the second control quantity is used to indicate the adjustment direction of the gas supply of the gas supply system 100 .
  • the pressure change rate controller 502 can compensate for the hysteresis of pressure adjustment using only the pressure controller 501, and realize phase-advanced system state variable adjustment based on differential control.
  • the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move(dP/dt)>DP high it means that the gas flow F in entering the gas buffer tank 101 is greater than the gas flow F out leaving the gas buffer tank 101, and the gas supply exceeds the user's gas demand. The gas supply needs to be reduced to avoid wasting gas. If the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move(dP/dt) ⁇ DP low , it means that the gas flow F in entering the gas buffer tank 101 is less than the gas flow F out leaving the gas buffer tank 101 , and the gas supply is insufficient. To meet the user's gas demand, it is necessary to increase the gas supply, and may even require a backup system for liquid vaporization.
  • the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move (dP/dt) is between DP low and DP high , it means that the gas flow F in entering the gas buffer tank 101 and the gas flow F out leaving the gas buffer tank 101 are basically balanced.
  • the comparison result of the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move (dP/dt) with DP high and DP low actually reflects whether the gas production volume or production speed (gas flow rate or flow rate) of the upstream gas separation unit ASU meets the downstream requirements.
  • the gas consumption or consumption speed (flow or flow rate) of the gas device (user) that is, the consideration of the change speed of gas consumption, is used to determine whether the system's gas supply speed meets the user's gas consumption speed.
  • the second control quantity generated by the pressure change rate controller 502 may also adopt a flag quantity indicating a gas supply strategy or a gas supply adjustment direction.
  • a flag quantity indicating a gas supply strategy or a gas supply adjustment direction For example, -1, 0 and +1 are respectively used as the flag quantity Flag2 output by the pressure change rate controller 502.
  • the flag value of -1 indicates that the downstream user consumption of the gas buffer tank 101 is lower than the gas flow rate entering the gas buffer tank 101 provided by the upstream ASU (downstream rapid withdrawal), and the gas supply speed needs to be reduced;
  • 0 indicates that the gas buffer tank
  • the downstream user usage of 101 is basically balanced with the upstream ASU gas separation production volume.
  • the output flag quantity of the pressure change rate controller 502 is -1, and the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move(dP/dt) falls into
  • the threshold range [DP low , DP High ] is in the threshold range [DP low, DP High]
  • the output flag of the pressure change rate controller 502 is 0, and when the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move (dP/dt) ⁇ DP low , the output flag of the pressure change rate controller 502 The quantity is 1.
  • the first and second control quantities output by the pressure controller 501 and the pressure change rate controller 502 are fused at 522 to generate a fused control quantity.
  • the fusion operation may integrate the gas supply strategies generated by the pressure controller 501 and the pressure change rate controller 502 to obtain a combined single control output.
  • the fusion operation may include a simple arithmetic summation of the first and second control quantities, and may also introduce respective weights for weighted summation to represent the contribution of the pressure and pressure change rate to the gas supply strategy. Other algorithms can also be used to calculate the fusion control volume.
  • the sum obtained by adding the flag quantities can be used as the fused control quantity of the pressure controller 501 and the pressure change rate controller 502 .
  • the flag of the fusion control quantity is still set to -1, that is, there is no longer a control strategy of increasing or reducing air supply. Medium re-grading. Accordingly, in the case where the sum is +2, the flag amount of the fusion control amount is still set to +1.
  • a feedforward controller 503 (whose transfer function is Gc_c(s)) that controls the disturbance input 511 may also be included in the control logic.
  • the feedforward controller 503 is mainly used to provide gas from the gas separation device to the gas buffer tank due to the presence of impurity gases such as carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide in the gas supply system, which causes interference components in the gas supply load of the gas supply system. A situation where the gas supply load is forced to increase or decrease.
  • the feedforward controller 503 may generate adjusted and compensated control parameters for the gas supply load based on detected disturbance inputs 511 related to impurity gases such as carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide.
  • the outputs of pressure controller 501 and pressure change rate controller 502 , and/or feedforward controller 503 are fused at 522 to generate a single fused control variable, which is then
  • the fusion control variable is input to the execution controller 505 of the gas supply system 100 (its transfer function is Gv(s)).
  • the fusion operation can involve combining two or three
  • the sum of the simple summation of the control outputs of two controllers is used as the fusion control variable, and weights can also be introduced to calculate the weighted sum of the two or three as the fusion control variable.
  • the system's execution controller 505 uses a DCS control method to determine the execution devices of the gas supply system 100 (e.g., including as described above) based on the integrated gas supply strategy indicated by the fused control output from 522 control parameters of each actuating device).
  • the Multi-Variables Predictive Control (MVPC) model used by the DCS control method provides automatic speed adjustment function, which can compare the fusion control output from the 522 with the corresponding control quantity threshold or threshold range. When the fusion control output exceeds the threshold by a large amount or is far away, MVPC can adjust or "pull back" the control amount to within the threshold or within the threshold range at a faster speed and amplitude.
  • MVPC Multi-Variables Predictive Control
  • the MVPC can automatically select the corresponding adjustment speed or amplitude through the automatic speed adjustment function according to the degree of deviation of the fusion control amount input to the execution controller 505 from the threshold or threshold range. Therefore, in the pressure controller 501, the pressure change rate controller 502 and/or the feedforward controller 503, the output control quantity is no longer set to the flag quantity of -2 and +2, and the fused control quantity after fusion is no longer set.
  • the flags of -2 and +2 are instead merged into -1 and +1 respectively.
  • the control parameters output by the execution controller 505 are used to control the actuating device to adjust the gas supply load of the gas buffer tank 101, for example, including the air intake volume, air intake flow rate or flow rate of the gas buffer tank 101 (for example, in standard cubic meters/hour). (unit), and/or the opening of the valve located on the supply pipeline 101a on the air inlet side of the gas buffer tank 101 or at the air inlet of the gas buffer tank 101, etc.
  • Comparison of the pressure and pressure change rate with the desired pressure control constraints and pressure change rate constraints, respectively (and possibly further consideration of the effects of disturbance input 511) can determine the control parameters of the gas supply system 100 (e.g., gas for the ASU Separate production parameters) adjustment direction and trend.
  • the comparison of the integrated control quantity in the MVPC with the corresponding threshold and threshold range can determine the direction, amplitude and/or speed of the change or adjustment of the control parameter of the gas supply system 100 .
  • the system model 506 of the gas supply system 100 (whose transfer function is Gp(s)), under the control of the control parameters output by the execution controller 505, reaches a new system state and generates the system output 512 as described above.
  • the disturbance input 511 may also affect the system status output 512 of the system model 506 of the gas supply system 100, so the feedforward controller 503 needs to be introduced.
  • the gas supply system 100 controlled according to the APC control logic proposed in this application was used to obtain system operation data from November 2020 to December 2020.
  • the recorded oxygen supply load of the ASU is between 85-105kNm 3 /h (thousand standard cubic meters / hour).
  • the average performance of the manual control scheme under the same oxygen supply load is used as a benchmark.
  • the automated load prediction system solution for controlling gas supply proposed in this application can significantly reduce manual operation time.
  • the operation records are reduced from an average of 80.37 records/day to 0, that is, there are no manual operations caused by the gas production demand not matching the user's gas demand and consumption problem, which can save 2 man-hours every day.
  • the system solution of the present application can significantly reduce the additional costs of gas product venting and liquid product vaporization.
  • liquid evaporation ratio the ratio of the supply gas provided by liquid vaporization to the user's total gas demand, expressed as a percentage
  • venting time ratio the ratio of the time to remove excess gas from the gas buffer tank to the total gas supply time
  • the system solution proposed in this application can save about 100,000 yuan per month and reduce the labor/time cost by two man-hours per day, thus improving the operator's work experience.
  • This solution can also be replicated and applied to other application scenarios with similar requirements.
  • Figure 6 illustrates an exemplary method for controlling gas supply. Parts of the method that are the same or similar to the operation process of the gas supply system described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 5 will not be described in detail.
  • the method first obtains measurement data of system state variables of the gas supply system in step S610, such as pressure measurement data of gas in the gas buffer tank. As can be seen from the above, these pressure tests The volume data is associated with the user's gas demand during the previous gas cycle. In order to determine sufficient information that can be used to extract the user's gas demand pattern, multiple sub-steps need to be further implemented in step S610. These sub-steps are used to determine the user's gas usage cycle and select system state variables measured in previous gas usage cycles based on the gas usage cycle.
  • step S611 historical data of the user's gas demand is further obtained, and in sub-step S612, the gas consumption cycle is determined based on the historical data of gas demand, so that in step S610, the previous gas consumption period before the current time can be obtained.
  • Pressure measurement data during the gas usage cycle can be obtained.
  • regression analysis especially the autoregressive analysis algorithm, can be applied on the gas consumption cycle historical data (curve) to determine the gas consumption cycle.
  • step S620 determines in step S620 predicted system state variables, such as pressure prediction data, for the next time/time interval (in particular the next control time or control time interval).
  • the system state variables characterizing the gas supply system include the gas pressure and pressure change rate in the gas buffer tank. Therefore, determining the pressure prediction data in step S620 is mainly to determine the prediction data of the pressure and pressure change rate (sub-step S622). Under ideal conditions, the gas temperature in the gas buffer tank remains constant, and the measured ambient temperature can also be used to represent the gas temperature in the gas buffer tank.
  • the method determines control parameters of the gas supply system in step S630.
  • the first control amount of the gas supply load adjustment may be determined based on the comparison result of the predicted pressure and the pressure control constraint.
  • a second control amount for gas supply load adjustment may be determined based on a comparison result of the predicted pressure change rate and the pressure change rate control constraints.
  • Control quantities can take the form of flag quantities characterizing different control strategies.
  • Sub-steps S631 and S632 can be implemented independently, serially or in parallel.
  • the first and second control variables are fused to generate a fused system control variable, and the control or operating parameters of each device (eg, ASU) in the system are determined.
  • the control parameter can be a measurable parameter related to the supply of gas, such as the air inlet volume or air inlet flow rate (flow rate) of the gas buffer tank or the gas separation production volume or production flow rate (flow rate) of the ASU, or it can be directly or indirectly operated.
  • the operating quantity of the actuating device or execution device of the equipment used in the gas supply system such as the opening of the air inlet of the gas buffer tank or the valve on the supply pipeline on the air inlet side.
  • the method proposed in this application can also design corresponding gas supply load adjustment strategies and methods according to different user demand patterns. Those skilled in the art will know that when the gas supply system supplies multiple types of gases, the automatic adjustment of the gas supply load is set individually for each type of gas product.
  • Figure 7 shows a device 700 for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 700 at least includes a detection unit 710 for acquiring system state variable data 701 of the gas supply system, such as pressure measurement data of a gas buffer tank, and for determining pressure prediction data (including predicted pressure and predicted pressure) based on the obtained pressure measurement data. rate of change) and determines control parameters 702 for gas supply load regulation of the system based on the pressure prediction data.
  • system state variable data 701 of the gas supply system such as pressure measurement data of a gas buffer tank
  • pressure prediction data including predicted pressure and predicted pressure
  • control parameters 702 for gas supply load regulation of the system based on the pressure prediction data.
  • control unit 720 may further implement at least one step and at least one sub-step among steps S610 to S630 as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the same or similar parts as those in the system operation process described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 and the method described with reference to FIG. 6 will not be described in detail.
  • Device 700 may also include an interface (not shown) for interaction with an operator.
  • the interface may include an input unit that receives input information from an operator. The operator can intervene in the gas supply load automatic adjustment process of the gas supply system through the input unit and input desired control constraints and control parameters, etc.
  • the interface may also include a display unit that presents the system working status and various acquired data to the operator.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary block diagram of a gas supply system.
  • the gas supply system 800 may include a device 700 for gas supply control as shown in FIG. 7 , a gas buffer tank 810 for buffering gas provided to a user, and a gas generation unit (eg, ASU) 820 for producing gas. .
  • the device 700 obtains system state variables from the gas buffer tank 810 to determine control parameters for gas supply control and load regulation, controls gas supply load regulation operations of the gas generation device 820, such as normal gas production or liquid vaporization, and/or controls gas buffering Operation of tank 810.
  • Operations related to the gas buffer tank 810 include, for example, regulating the amount of gas or the gas flow/flow rate entering and exiting the gas buffer tank 810, and controlling the gas buffer tank 810 to discharge excess gas product.
  • modules or units of the system for controlling gas supply are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is not mandatory.
  • the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above may be embodied in one module or unit.
  • the features and functions of one module or unit described above may be further divided into being embodied by multiple modules or units.
  • Components shown as modules or units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this application. Persons of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement the method without any creative effort.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, with a computer program stored thereon.
  • the program includes executable instructions, which can implement any of the above when executed by, for example, a processor. Steps of the method for controlling gas supply described in the examples.
  • various aspects of the present application can also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code. When the program product is run on a terminal device, the program code is used to cause the The terminal device performs the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present application described in the method for controlling gas supply in this specification.
  • the program product for implementing the above method according to the embodiment of the present application can adopt a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include the program code, and can be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer.
  • a readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that may be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device.
  • the program product may take the form of any combination of one or more readable media.
  • the readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium.
  • the readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: electrical connection with one or more conductors, portable disk, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, Portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave carrying readable program code therein. Such propagated data signals may take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • a readable storage medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • Program code contained on a readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.
  • Program code for performing the operations of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, etc., as well as conventional procedural formulas. Programming language—such as "C” or a similar programming language.
  • the program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server execute on.
  • the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device, such as provided by an Internet service. (business comes via Internet connection).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • an electronic device may include a processor, and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor.
  • the processor is configured to execute the steps of the method for controlling gas supply in any of the above embodiments by executing the executable instructions.
  • FIG. 9 An electronic device 900 according to this embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • the electronic device 900 shown in FIG. 9 is only an example and should not bring any limitations to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.
  • electronic device 900 is embodied in the form of a general computing device.
  • the components of the electronic device 900 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 910, at least one storage unit 920, a bus 930 connecting different system components (including the storage unit 920 and the processing unit 910), a display unit 940, and the like.
  • the storage unit stores program code, and the program code can be executed by the processing unit 910, so that the processing unit 910 performs various exemplary methods according to the present application described in the method for controlling gas supply in this specification. Implementation steps.
  • the processing unit 910 may perform steps as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the storage unit 920 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access storage unit (RAM) 9201 and/or a cache storage unit 9202, and may further include a read-only storage unit (ROM) 9203.
  • RAM random access storage unit
  • ROM read-only storage unit
  • the storage unit 920 may also include a program/utility 9204 having a set of (at least one) program modules 9205 including, but not limited to: an operating system, one or more applications, other program modules, and programs. Data, each of these examples or some combination may include an implementation of a network environment.
  • Bus 930 may be a local area representing one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory unit bus or memory unit controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processing unit, or using any of a variety of bus structures. bus.
  • Electronic device 900 may also communicate with one or more external devices 1000 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, Bluetooth device, etc.), may also communicate with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with electronic device 900, and/or with Any device that enables the electronic device 900 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (eg, router, modem, etc.). This communication may occur through an input/output (I/O) interface 950.
  • the electronic device 900 may also communicate with one or more networks (eg, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the Internet) through the network adapter 960.
  • Network adapter 960 can interface with Communicate with other modules of the electronic device 900 .
  • electronic device 900 may be used in conjunction with electronic device 900, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives And data backup storage system, etc.
  • the example embodiments described here can be implemented by software, or can be implemented by software combined with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the embodiment of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, U disk, mobile hard disk, etc.) or on the network , including several instructions to cause a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to execute a method for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a computing device which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.

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Abstract

A method and apparatus (700) for controlling gas supply of a gas supply system (100), a storage medium, and the gas supply system (100). The gas supply system (100) comprises a gas generation device (104) and a gas buffer device (101), and the gas buffer device (101) receives gas supply from the gas generation device (104) and provides gas to users (131, 132). The method comprises: acquiring pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device (101), wherein the pressure measurement data is associated with gas consumption demand of the users (131, 132) in a previous gas consumption cycle; determining pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device (101) on the basis of the pressure measurement data, wherein the pressure prediction data comprises a predicted pressure and a predicted pressure change rate; and determining a control parameter of gas supply of the gas buffer device (101) on the basis of the pressure prediction data.

Description

用于控制气体供应***的气体供应的方法和设备Method and apparatus for controlling gas supply of a gas supply system
相关申请的交叉引用Cross-references to related applications
本申请要求于2022年03月23日递交的中国专利申请第202210291206.9号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。This application claims priority from Chinese Patent Application No. 202210291206.9 submitted on March 23, 2022. The disclosure of the above-mentioned Chinese patent application is hereby cited in its entirety as part of this application.
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及过程控制，更具体地，涉及用于控制诸如气体供应***中的气体缓冲装置的气体供应的方法、设备和***。The present application relates to process control and, more particularly, to methods, apparatus and systems for controlling a gas supply such as a gas buffer device in a gas supply system.
背景技术Background technique
包括空气分离装置(Air Separate Unit，ASU)的气体供应***用于在工厂或工业园区中向用户供应气体。根据用户对气体的需求或消耗情况，***动态地调节用于存储气体的缓冲罐的气体供应负载以满足用户的用气需求。A gas supply system including an Air Separate Unit (ASU) is used to supply gas to users in a factory or industrial park. According to the user's demand or consumption of gas, the system dynamically adjusts the gas supply load of the buffer tank used to store gas to meet the user's gas demand.
当用户的气体需求存在剧烈波动时，需要由操作人员不间断地(例如24小时)关注缓冲罐中的气体压力峰值或谷值，并基于经验调整缓冲罐的进气量。例如，压力峰值变高表明用户的用气需求变小，可以相应地手动减少空气分离装置向缓冲罐的气体供应；而压力峰值变低表明用气需求变大，需要相应地手动增加空气分离装置向缓冲罐的气体供应。When the user's gas demand fluctuates drastically, the operator needs to pay attention to the peak or valley value of the gas pressure in the buffer tank continuously (for example, 24 hours a day), and adjust the air intake volume of the buffer tank based on experience. For example, if the pressure peak becomes higher, it indicates that the user's gas demand becomes smaller, and the gas supply of the air separation device to the buffer tank can be manually reduced accordingly; while if the pressure peak becomes lower, it indicates that the gas demand becomes larger, and the air separation device needs to be manually increased accordingly. Gas supply to buffer tank.
上述控制方案在用气需求突然变小而空气分离装置无法快速响应时，需要将装置生产出的过量气体产品从缓冲罐中放空以防止管网超压，这样已生产出的气体产品被浪费。另一种情况下，当用户的用气需求突然变大而空气分离装置的气体供应无法满足时，则需要汽化液体产品来及时补充缓冲罐中的气体以维持对用户的气体供应，使用液态产品相比正常供应气体的成本更高。 In the above control scheme, when the gas demand suddenly decreases and the air separation device cannot respond quickly, the excess gas products produced by the device need to be evacuated from the buffer tank to prevent overpressure in the pipeline network, so that the produced gas products are wasted. In another case, when the user's gas demand suddenly increases and the gas supply of the air separation device cannot be met, a vaporized liquid product is needed to replenish the gas in the buffer tank in time to maintain the gas supply to the user. Use liquid products The cost of supplying gas is higher than normal.
因此，需要设计一种能够满足用户的不断波动的用气需求，特别是在用户的用气需求存在剧烈波动的情况下能够以较低成本和更高效率供应气体的方案。Therefore, it is necessary to design a solution that can meet the constantly fluctuating gas demand of users, especially a solution that can supply gas at a lower cost and with higher efficiency when the user's gas demand fluctuates drastically.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上文中提出的至少一个问题，本申请的实施例提出用于控制气体供应的方法、设备和***。In order to solve at least one of the problems raised above, embodiments of the present application propose methods, devices and systems for controlling gas supply.
根据本申请的一方面，提出一种用于控制气体供应***的气体供应的方法，该气体供应***包括气体产生装置和气体缓冲装置，气体缓冲装置接收来自气体产生装置的气体供应以及向用户提供气体，该方法包括：获取气体缓冲装置的压力测量数据，压力测量数据与用户在先前的用气周期内的用气需求相关联；基于压力测量数据确定气体缓冲装置的压力预测数据，其中压力预测数据包括预测压力和预测压力变化率；以及基于压力预测数据确定气体缓冲装置的气体供应的控制参数。According to an aspect of the present application, a method for controlling gas supply of a gas supply system is proposed. The gas supply system includes a gas generating device and a gas buffering device. The gas buffering device receives the gas supply from the gas generating device and provides a gas supply to a user. Gas, the method includes: obtaining pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device, the pressure measurement data is associated with the user's gas demand in the previous gas consumption cycle; determining pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device based on the pressure measurement data, wherein the pressure prediction data The data includes predicted pressure and predicted pressure change rate; and control parameters for gas supply of the gas buffer device are determined based on the pressure prediction data.
根据本申请的又一方面，提出一种用于控制气体供应***的气体供应的设备，该气体供应***包括气体产生装置和气体缓冲装置，气体缓冲装置接收来自气体产生装置的气体供应以及向用户提供气体，该设备包括：检测单元，被配置为获取气体缓冲装置的压力测量数据，压力测量数据与用户在先前的用气周期内的用气需求相关联；控制单元，被配置为基于压力测量数据确定气体缓冲装置的压力预测数据以及基于压力预测数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应的控制参数，其中压力预测数据包括预测压力和预测压力变化率。According to yet another aspect of the present application, a device for controlling gas supply of a gas supply system is proposed. The gas supply system includes a gas generating device and a gas buffering device. The gas buffering device receives the gas supply from the gas generating device and supplies the gas to the user. Providing gas, the device includes: a detection unit configured to obtain pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device, the pressure measurement data being associated with the user's gas demand in a previous gas consumption cycle; a control unit configured to obtain pressure measurement data based on the pressure measurement data. The data determines pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device and determines control parameters of gas supply of the gas buffer device based on the pressure prediction data, wherein the pressure prediction data includes a predicted pressure and a predicted pressure change rate.
根据本申请的再一方面，提出一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序包括可执行指令，当该可执行指令被处理器执行时，实施根据如上所述的方法。According to yet another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed, with a computer program stored thereon. The computer program includes executable instructions. When the executable instructions are executed by a processor, the method as described above is implemented. .
根据本申请的再一方面，提出一种电子设备包括处理器；以及存储器，用于存储处理器的可执行指令；其中，处理器被配置为执行可执行指令以实施如上所述的方法。 According to yet another aspect of the present application, it is proposed that an electronic device includes a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the executable instructions to implement the method as described above.
根据本申请的再又一方面，提出一种气体供应***，至少包括气体产生装置，气体缓冲装置以及如上所述的用于控制气体供应***的气体供应的设备。According to yet another aspect of the present application, a gas supply system is proposed, which at least includes a gas generating device, a gas buffering device, and a device for controlling the gas supply of the gas supply system as described above.
本申请所提出的用于控制气体供应***的气体供应的方法、设备、***及其计算机存储介质，基于大数据和高级过程控制(APC，Advanced Process Control)技术可以实现对用户的气体需求和/或消耗剧烈波动应用场景下的气体供应，特别是气体产生装置向气体缓冲装置提供气体过程中的自动气体供应负载的预测控制。通过获取表征气体供应***，特别是气体产生装置向气体缓冲装置的气体供应的负载情况的状态变量(包括气体缓冲装置中的气体的压力与压力变化率)以及用户的用气需求的历史数据集，可以对气体供应***在下一采样间隔或时间处的***状态及其变化趋势进行预测，在与作为参考的控制约束进行比较后确定对气体供应***，特别是用于存储向用户提供的气体的气体缓冲装置的气体供应和气体产生装置的气体生产相关的控制参数。这种自动化负载预测控制方案可以显著减少人工操作的时间从而减少人力/时间成本，同时准确预测和跟踪用户的用气需求，显著降低由于放空气体产品和液体产品汽化造成的浪费和成本。此外，本申请的方案具有可复制性，能够容易地应用于具有类似需求的其他场景。The method, equipment, system and computer storage medium for controlling the gas supply of the gas supply system proposed in this application can realize the user's gas demand and/or based on big data and Advanced Process Control (APC, Advanced Process Control) technology. Or the gas supply in application scenarios with severe fluctuations in consumption, especially the predictive control of the automatic gas supply load in the process of the gas generation device providing gas to the gas buffer device. By obtaining the state variables that characterize the gas supply system, especially the load conditions of the gas supply from the gas generation device to the gas buffer device (including the pressure and pressure change rate of the gas in the gas buffer device) and the historical data set of the user's gas demand , the system state of the gas supply system at the next sampling interval or time and its changing trend can be predicted, and after comparison with the control constraints as a reference, the requirements for the gas supply system, especially for storing gas provided to users, can be determined. Control parameters related to the gas supply of the gas buffer device and the gas production of the gas generating device. This automated load prediction control scheme can significantly reduce manual operation time and thereby reduce labor/time costs, while accurately predicting and tracking users' gas demand, significantly reducing waste and costs caused by the vaporization of vented gas products and liquid products. In addition, the solution of this application is replicable and can be easily applied to other scenarios with similar needs.
附图说明Description of the drawings
通过参照附图详细描述其示例性实施例，本申请的上述和其它特征及优点将变得更加明显。The above and other features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图1为根据本申请的一个实施例的用于供应气体的气体供应***架构的示意框图。1 is a schematic block diagram of a gas supply system architecture for supplying gas according to one embodiment of the present application.
图2为根据本申请的一个实施例的用户的用气需求的历史数据曲线。Figure 2 is a historical data curve of a user's gas demand according to an embodiment of the present application.
图3为根据本申请的一个实施例的用户的用气需求的历史数据曲线。Figure 3 is a historical data curve of a user's gas demand according to an embodiment of the present application.
图4A和4B为根据本申请的一个实施例的用于确定用户的用气周期而对用气需求的历史数据曲线进行自回归分析的示意图。 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of autoregressive analysis of historical data curves of gas demand for determining a user's gas consumption cycle according to an embodiment of the present application.
图5为根据本申请的一个实施例的用于控制气体供应的控制逻辑的示意性流程图。Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of control logic for controlling gas supply according to one embodiment of the present application.
图6为根据本申请的一个实施例的用于控制气体供应的方法的示意性流程图。Figure 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling gas supply according to one embodiment of the present application.
图7为根据本申请的一个实施例的用于控制气体供应的设备的示意性结构框图。Figure 7 is a schematic structural block diagram of a device for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
图8为根据本申请的一个实施例的用于控制气体供应的气体供应***的示意性结构框图。Figure 8 is a schematic structural block diagram of a gas supply system for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
图9为根据本申请的一个实施例的用于控制气体供应的电子设备的示意性结构图。Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现在基于参考附图更全面地描述示例性实施例。然而，示例性实施例能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本申请的内容变得全面和完整，并将示例性实施例的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。在图中，为了清晰，可能会夸大部分元件的尺寸或加以变形。在图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The concept is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the dimensions of some components may be exaggerated or distorted for clarity. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted.
此外，所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施例中。在下面的描述中，提供许多具体细节从而给出对本申请的实施例的充分理解。然而，本领域技术人员将意识到，可以实践本申请的技术方案而没有所述特定细节中的一个或更多，或者可以采用其它的方法、元件等。在其它情况下，不详细示出或描述公知结构、方法或者操作以避免模糊本申请的各方面。Furthermore, the described features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present application may be practiced without one or more of the specific details described, or other methods, elements, etc. may be employed. In other instances, well-known structures, methods, or operations have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present application.
图1示出根据本申请的一个实施例的用于向用户供应气体的气体供应***的示例性架构。在本申请中，气体供应***100指用于向用气用户供应气体的设备的集合。以点划线标记的气体供应***100一般可以包括用于供应气体的气体产生装置104，用于接收来自气体产生装置104的气体 以及在向用户提供气体之前对气体进行存储和缓冲的气体缓冲装置101，用于测量气体供应***100中的各个设备的参数和状态的检测单元102，实现气体供应***100的自动气体供应负载预测和调节的控制单元103，以及相应的供应管路101a至101c等。气体产生装置104用于生产用气用户所需的气体产品。在本申请的实施例中，气体产生装置104例如可以包括空气分离装置(下文简称为ASU)，还可以包括用于产生各种气体产品的其他类型的装置。为简便起见，下文中使用ASU作为气体产生装置的具体示例。由气体产生装置104生产的气体产品不仅包括通常由ASU生产的氧气、氮气和氩气，还可以包括诸如氢气、NH3等各种类型的气体产品以满足不同用气用户的多样需求。在图1所示的应用场景中，气体供应***100具有两个用气用户131和132。本领域技术人员可以理解，气体供应***100可以为单独的用户供应气体，也可以同时为更多个用户供应气体，其中用户的数量也可以是3个，4个或更多个。用户131和132可以是在位置上相邻或相近(例如处于同一工业园区中)的工厂，也可以是处于不同位置的工厂，也可以是大型工厂中的不同厂区或车间。通常，可以根据与用户对应的分离的供应管路的数量区分各个用气用户。Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary architecture of a gas supply system for supplying gas to a user according to one embodiment of the present application. In this application, the gas supply system 100 refers to a collection of equipment for supplying gas to gas users. The gas supply system 100 marked with dotted lines may generally include a gas generating device 104 for supplying gas and for receiving gas from the gas generating device 104 As well as a gas buffer device 101 for storing and buffering gas before providing the gas to the user, a detection unit 102 for measuring the parameters and status of each device in the gas supply system 100, and realizing automatic gas supply load prediction of the gas supply system 100 and regulated control unit 103, as well as corresponding supply pipelines 101a to 101c, etc. The gas generating device 104 is used to produce gas products required by gas users. In the embodiment of the present application, the gas generating device 104 may include, for example, an air separation unit (hereinafter referred to as ASU), and may also include other types of devices for generating various gas products. For simplicity, an ASU is used below as a specific example of a gas generating device. The gas products produced by the gas generating device 104 include not only oxygen, nitrogen and argon usually produced by ASU, but also various types of gas products such as hydrogen and NH3 to meet the diverse needs of different gas users. In the application scenario shown in FIG. 1 , the gas supply system 100 has two gas users 131 and 132 . Those skilled in the art can understand that the gas supply system 100 can supply gas to a single user, or can supply gas to more users at the same time, where the number of users can also be 3, 4 or more. Users 131 and 132 may be factories that are adjacent or similar in location (for example, in the same industrial park), they may be factories in different locations, or they may be different factory areas or workshops in a large factory. Typically, individual gas consumers can be distinguished based on the number of separate supply lines corresponding to the consumers.
ASU 104通过供应管路101a向气体缓冲罐101提供用户所需的气体。根据工业园区的用户131和132的用气需求(例如多个用户的整体用气需求的平均值，整体用气需求的峰值等)和单套ASU的供气能力，可以使用单个ASU或者多个ASU并联提供气体分离和供应功能。通常每个ASU提供相同的气体分离和供应功能。需要说明的是，在使用多个ASU并联为多个用户供应气体时，多个ASU并联可以满足多个用户的整体用气需求，但是ASU与用户之间一般不存在严格的对应关系，即某个或某组ASU并不专用于满足特定用户的用气需求。The ASU 104 provides the gas required by the user to the gas buffer tank 101 through the supply line 101a. According to the gas demand of users 131 and 132 in the industrial park (such as the average of the overall gas demand of multiple users, the peak of the overall gas demand, etc.) and the gas supply capacity of a single set of ASU, a single ASU or multiple ASUs can be used. ASUs provide gas separation and supply functions in parallel. Typically each ASU provides the same gas separation and supply functions. It should be noted that when multiple ASUs are used in parallel to supply gas to multiple users, multiple ASUs in parallel can meet the overall gas demand of multiple users, but there is generally no strict correspondence between ASUs and users, that is, a certain An ASU or group of ASUs is not designed to meet the gas needs of a specific user.
ASU 104提供的气体一般可以包括氧气(O2)，氮气(N2)和氩气(Ar)等。这些气体通过单独的供应管路连接到对应的气体缓冲罐101，从而经由与用户131和132对应的供应管路101b和101c分别向用户供应对应的气体。ASU 104还可以包括后备***，用于在ASU的气体供应无法满足用 户剧烈增长的用气需求的紧急情况下，使用液态产品汽化快速补充对应的气体产品。液态产品汽化的成本较高，因此气体供应***100的自动气体供应负载预测和调节功能尽量避免使用这种供应方式。测量和控制ASU 104的气体供应参数可以通过供应管路101a上的感测装置和致动装置实现。感测装置例如可以包括检测ASU 104输出的气体量和/或气体流量的流量计，检测气体温度的温度计，检测管路101a中的气体压力的压力计等。感测装置可以集成到ASU 104中，或者在气体供应***100中作为检测单元102的一部分或与其分离地设置。致动装置例如可以包括通过电磁或机械方式调节阀门或阀芯的开度来控制气体流量或流速的阀等。同样，致动装置可以集成到ASU 104中由ASU 104中的控制部件控制，或者由气体供应***100中的控制单元103控制。The gas provided by the ASU 104 may generally include oxygen (O 2 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), argon (Ar), etc. These gases are connected to corresponding gas buffer tanks 101 through separate supply lines, thereby supplying corresponding gases to users via supply lines 101b and 101c corresponding to users 131 and 132, respectively. The ASU 104 can also include a back-up system for use in the event the ASU's gas supply is insufficient. In emergency situations where household gas demand increases dramatically, liquid product vaporization is used to quickly replenish corresponding gas products. The cost of vaporizing liquid products is relatively high, so the automatic gas supply load prediction and adjustment functions of the gas supply system 100 try to avoid using this supply method. Measuring and controlling the gas supply parameters of the ASU 104 may be accomplished through sensing devices and actuating devices on the supply line 101a. The sensing device may include, for example, a flow meter that detects the gas amount and/or gas flow rate output by the ASU 104, a thermometer that detects the gas temperature, a pressure gauge that detects the gas pressure in the pipeline 101a, and the like. The sensing device may be integrated into the ASU 104 or provided in the gas supply system 100 as part of or separate from the detection unit 102 . The actuating device may include, for example, a valve that controls the gas flow or flow rate by adjusting the opening of the valve or valve core through electromagnetic or mechanical means. Likewise, the actuating device may be integrated into the ASU 104 and controlled by control components in the ASU 104 , or controlled by the control unit 103 in the gas supply system 100 .
气体缓冲装置101用于临时存储来自ASU 104的气体以及提供ASU 104到用户131和132之间的缓冲。气体缓冲装置101例如可以实现为气体缓冲罐(Buffer Tank)或具有气体存储和缓冲功能的其他反应容器、气体容器或管道等。为简便起见，下文中使用气体缓冲罐作为气体缓冲装置的具体示例。气体缓冲罐101可以调节向用户131和132的气体供应管路101b和101c输出的气体的压力、流量或流速、温度等，保证在用气用户131和132的工业反应过程的严格要求。气体缓冲罐101通过检测单元102中的相应传感器检测其中存储的气体的状态参数。气体的状态参数例如包括压力和温度等。气体的压力可以通过位于气体缓冲罐101内部(例如容器内壁上或容器空间中)或位于气体缓冲罐101外部(例如容器外壁)的压力传感器检测。气体的温度同样可以位于气体缓冲罐101内部或外部的温度传感器检测。根据本申请的实施例，还可以设置位于气体缓冲罐101上或其附近的用于检测气体缓冲罐101所在场所的环境温度的环境温度传感器。可以将环境温度作为气体缓冲罐101中存储的气体的温度。The gas buffer device 101 is used to temporarily store gas from the ASU 104 and provide a buffer between the ASU 104 and the users 131 and 132. The gas buffer device 101 may, for example, be implemented as a gas buffer tank (Buffer Tank) or other reaction vessel, gas container or pipeline with gas storage and buffering functions. For simplicity, a gas buffer tank is used as a specific example of a gas buffer device below. The gas buffer tank 101 can adjust the pressure, flow rate, temperature, etc. of the gas output from the gas supply pipelines 101b and 101c to the users 131 and 132 to ensure the strict requirements of the industrial reaction process of the gas users 131 and 132. The gas buffer tank 101 detects the state parameters of the gas stored therein through corresponding sensors in the detection unit 102 . The state parameters of the gas include, for example, pressure and temperature. The pressure of the gas can be detected by a pressure sensor located inside the gas buffer tank 101 (eg on the inner wall of the container or in the container space) or located outside the gas buffer tank 101 (eg on the outer wall of the container). The temperature of the gas can also be detected by a temperature sensor located inside or outside the gas buffer tank 101 . According to the embodiment of the present application, an ambient temperature sensor located on or near the gas buffer tank 101 for detecting the ambient temperature of the location where the gas buffer tank 101 is located may also be provided. The ambient temperature can be used as the temperature of the gas stored in the gas buffer tank 101 .
气体缓冲罐101分别经由供应管路101b和101c向用户131和132输送气体。为了保证用户接收的气体供应符合需求，需要在供应管路101b和101c上设置相应的感测装置和致动装置。以向用户131提供气体的供应管 路101b为例，管路101b上可以设置用于检测气体流量或流速的流量计，检测气体压力的压力计，检测气体温度的温度计和用于通过电磁或机械方式调节阀门或阀芯的开度来控制气体流量或流速的阀等。这些感测装置和致动装置可以设置在供应管路101b靠近气体缓冲罐101的一侧，在供应管路101b中部，或者在供应管路101b靠近用户131的一侧。例如，当设置在气体缓冲罐101一侧时，感测装置可以作为检测单元102的一部分以便于气体供应***100检测***状态。致动装置通过气体供应***100的控制单元103控制，作为***的致动或执行设备之一控制***运行。当设置在靠近用户131一侧时，感测装置检测的相关参数能够更准确地表征用户131在接收到所供应的气体产品时的气体状态参数，相应地致动装置也可以更准确地控制和调节输送到用户131的气体的流量或流速、温度和压力。在理想情况下，可以认为供应管路101b中的气体压力、温度、流速和流量中的至少一项是不变的，因此可以将感测装置和致动装置设置在靠近气体缓冲罐101的一侧，作为气体供应***100的组成部分。在气体供应***100所在的环境中的温度均匀时，可以认为气体缓冲罐101和供应管路101b和101c中的气体的温度均可以使用环境温度表示，从而减少温度传感器的设置数量。如果将来自ASU 104供应的气体以及向用户131和132输出的气体的感测装置检测的参数和致动装置的控制或调节参数(例如阀的开度)视为气体缓冲罐101的入口侧和出口侧的气体状态参数和控制参数，则检测装置102可以通过检测与气体缓冲罐101相关的各个参数获得气体供应***100的主要***状态，如图1中从气体缓冲罐101到检测单元102之间的箭头所示。相应地，控制单元103可以通过分别控制与气体缓冲罐101相关的各个致动装置的操作参数提供对气体缓冲罐101的状态控制和调节，进而实现对气体供应***100的气体供应的负载自动预测和调节。Gas buffer tank 101 delivers gas to users 131 and 132 via supply lines 101b and 101c respectively. In order to ensure that the gas supply received by the user meets the demand, corresponding sensing devices and actuating devices need to be provided on the supply pipelines 101b and 101c. to provide gas supply pipes to users 131 Taking line 101b as an example, pipeline 101b can be provided with a flowmeter for detecting gas flow or flow rate, a manometer for detecting gas pressure, a thermometer for detecting gas temperature, and a thermometer for adjusting the opening of a valve or valve core through electromagnetic or mechanical means. Valves to control gas flow or velocity, etc. These sensing devices and actuating devices may be disposed on the side of the supply pipeline 101b close to the gas buffer tank 101, in the middle of the supply pipeline 101b, or on the side of the supply pipeline 101b close to the user 131. For example, when provided on the side of the gas buffer tank 101, the sensing device can be used as a part of the detection unit 102 to facilitate the gas supply system 100 to detect the system status. The actuating device is controlled by the control unit 103 of the gas supply system 100 and controls the system operation as one of the actuating or executing devices of the system. When arranged close to the user 131, the relevant parameters detected by the sensing device can more accurately characterize the gas state parameters of the user 131 when receiving the supplied gas product, and accordingly the actuating device can also more accurately control and The flow or rate, temperature, and pressure of the gas delivered to user 131 are regulated. In an ideal situation, it can be considered that at least one of the gas pressure, temperature, flow rate and flow rate in the supply pipeline 101b is constant, so the sensing device and the actuating device can be disposed close to the gas buffer tank 101 side as an integral part of the gas supply system 100 . When the temperature in the environment where the gas supply system 100 is located is uniform, it can be considered that the temperature of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 and the supply pipelines 101b and 101c can be represented by the ambient temperature, thereby reducing the number of temperature sensors. If the parameters detected by the sensing device and the control or regulating parameters of the actuating device (such as the opening of the valve) of the gas supplied from the ASU 104 and the gas output to the users 131 and 132 are regarded as the inlet side of the gas buffer tank 101 and If the gas state parameters and control parameters on the outlet side are detected, the detection device 102 can obtain the main system status of the gas supply system 100 by detecting various parameters related to the gas buffer tank 101, as shown in Figure 1 from the gas buffer tank 101 to the detection unit 102. shown by the arrows between. Accordingly, the control unit 103 can provide state control and adjustment of the gas buffer tank 101 by respectively controlling the operating parameters of each actuating device related to the gas buffer tank 101, thereby realizing automatic load prediction of the gas supply of the gas supply system 100. and regulation.
根据本申请的实施例，针对不同类型的气体可以设置不同的气体缓冲罐101，并且对于同一种类型的气体可以设置一个或更多个气体缓冲罐101。存储同类型气体的气体缓冲罐101可以采用并联或串联的形式。由存储同 类型气体的多个气体缓冲罐101向诸如用户131提供气体的供应管路101b可以是集合来自这些气体缓冲罐101的供应管路分支的总的供应管路。在这种情况下，感测装置和致动装置可以设置在由气体缓冲罐101向用户131和132供应气体的对应的总的供应管路101b和101c上。在图1中，以单个气体缓冲罐101的形式表示存储相同类型的气体的一个或多个气体缓冲罐101。例如，可以假设这些气体缓冲罐101具有相同的温度、压力以及其他状态参数以便于***分析和方案描述。According to embodiments of the present application, different gas buffer tanks 101 may be provided for different types of gases, and one or more gas buffer tanks 101 may be provided for the same type of gas. Gas buffer tanks 101 storing gases of the same type may be connected in parallel or in series. Same as storage A supply pipeline 101 b that provides gas from a plurality of gas buffer tanks 101 of a type gas to a user such as the user 131 may be a general supply pipeline that collects supply pipeline branches from these gas buffer tanks 101 . In this case, the sensing device and the actuating device may be provided on the respective general supply lines 101b and 101c supplying gas from the gas buffer tank 101 to the users 131 and 132 . In Figure 1, one or more gas buffer tanks 101 storing the same type of gas are represented in the form of a single gas buffer tank 101. For example, it can be assumed that these gas buffer tanks 101 have the same temperature, pressure, and other state parameters to facilitate system analysis and solution description.
控制单元103获取来自检测单元102的***状态参数，特别是与气体缓冲罐101相关的***状态参数的测量数据。这些***状态参数例如包括气体缓冲罐101内存储的气体的压力和温度，由ASU 104进入气体缓冲罐101的气体的流量或流速，从气体缓冲罐101输出到用户131和132的气体的流量或流速等。控制单元103还可以获取来自用户131和132的用户的用气需求数据。用户的用气需求数据可以通过在供应管路101b和101c上设置的感测装置(例如靠近用户侧的流量计)测量，也可以通过用户131和132提供(例如由图1中从用户131和132到控制单元103的虚线箭头所示)。用气需求数据例如可以采用用气需求/消耗的历史数据曲线的形式由检测单元102或用户输入到控制单元103中，或者由控制单元103基于来自检测单元102或用户131和132的测量数据或用户需求的输入数据生成。The control unit 103 obtains the system status parameters from the detection unit 102 , especially the measurement data of the system status parameters related to the gas buffer tank 101 . These system status parameters include, for example, the pressure and temperature of the gas stored in the gas buffer tank 101, the flow rate or flow rate of the gas entering the gas buffer tank 101 from the ASU 104, the flow rate or flow rate of the gas output from the gas buffer tank 101 to the users 131 and 132, or Flow rate etc. The control unit 103 may also obtain the user's gas demand data from the users 131 and 132 . The user's gas demand data can be measured by sensing devices (such as flow meters close to the user side) provided on the supply pipelines 101b and 101c, or can be provided by users 131 and 132 (for example, from users 131 and 132 in Figure 1 132 to the control unit 103 (shown by the dashed arrow). The gas demand data may be input into the control unit 103 by the detection unit 102 or the user, for example, in the form of a historical data curve of gas demand/consumption, or the control unit 103 may be based on measurement data from the detection unit 102 or the users 131 and 132 or Input data generation for user requirements.
由检测单元102检测的***状态参数的测量数据不仅包括当前采样时间或间隔所获取的采样数据，还可以包括先前时间或间隔，或者先前一段时间内累积的采样数据的集合，后者可以称为历史时间处或历史间隔期间的采样数据或测量数据的历史数据。来自用户131和132的用气需求数据也不仅包括当前采样时间或间隔所获取的用气需求数据，还可以包括先前时间或间隔，或者先前一段时间内累积的用气需求数据的集合，后者可以相应地称为在历史时间处或历史间隔期间的用户的用气需求的历史数据。历史数据中累积了过程的大量有价值信息，相比某一时间或间隔的瞬时数据，更能反映***趋势。 The measurement data of the system state parameters detected by the detection unit 102 not only include sampling data acquired at the current sampling time or interval, but may also include a previous time or interval, or a collection of sampling data accumulated within a previous period of time, the latter may be referred to as Historical data of sampled data or measurement data at a historical time or during a historical interval. The gas demand data from users 131 and 132 also includes not only gas demand data obtained at the current sampling time or interval, but also may include a collection of gas demand data accumulated at a previous time or interval, or a previous period of time, the latter This may accordingly be referred to as historical data of a user's gas demand at historical times or during historical intervals. Historical data accumulates a large amount of valuable information about the process, which can better reflect system trends than instantaneous data at a certain time or interval.
如上文所述，气体供应***100的用户的用气需求呈现时间相关性，并且其中存在短时波动，甚至出现剧烈波动。表1给出了在某段时间期间的工业园区内的用户的用气需求的示例性流量分布表，其中供应的气体为气态氧，单位为标准立方米(Nm3)或标准立方米/小时(Nm3/h)。
As mentioned above, the gas demand of users of the gas supply system 100 is time-dependent, and there are short-term fluctuations and even severe fluctuations. Table 1 gives an exemplary flow distribution table of the gas demand of users in the industrial park during a certain period of time, where the supplied gas is gaseous oxygen in standard cubic meters (Nm 3 ) or standard cubic meters per hour. (Nm 3 /h).
表1Table 1
基于表1中所列出的各个用户所需的气体(氧气)的总计数、需求平均值以及其他相应的流量相关参数值可见，氧气需求主要来自三个用户中的用户A，而用户B和C的氧气需求对气体供应***的气体供应的影响较小。Based on the total count of gas (oxygen) required by each user, the average demand value and other corresponding flow-related parameter values listed in Table 1, it can be seen that the oxygen demand mainly comes from user A among the three users, while user B and The oxygen demand of C has less impact on the gas supply of the gas supply system.
表2则给出在该段时间期间的气体供应***使用三套ASU(ASU1至ASU3)提供满足来自用户A至C的整体氧气需求的气体供应的示例性流量分布表。如上文所述，ASU1至3的气体供应用于满足三个用户的整体氧气需求，即气体供应的总量满足用户的氧气需求总量。但是，ASU1至ASU3中的任一个或多个并不存在与用户A至C中的任一个或多个用户之间的气体供应的对应关系。

Table 2 gives an exemplary flow distribution table of the gas supply system using three sets of ASUs (ASU1 to ASU3) to provide gas supply that meets the overall oxygen demand from users A to C during this period of time. As mentioned above, the gas supply of ASU1 to 3 is used to meet the overall oxygen demand of the three users, that is, the total amount of gas supply meets the total oxygen demand of the users. However, there is no corresponding gas supply relationship between any one or more of ASU1 to ASU3 and any one or more of users A to C.

表2Table 2
基于各个ASU在氧气流量分布表中的需求平均值和最大值项的流量数据，可以计算得出表2中的ASU1、ASU2和ASU3三套ASU的气体供应负载数据的最大值相对于各自负载的平均值分别存在大约10％，12％和20％的波动。为了使气体供应***的氧气供应匹配用户的气体需求和消耗，存在对ASU的气体供应的负载进行频繁调节的情况。Based on the flow data of the demand average and maximum value items of each ASU in the oxygen flow distribution table, it can be calculated that the maximum value of the gas supply load data of the three sets of ASUs ASU1, ASU2 and ASU3 in Table 2 relative to their respective loads can be calculated There are fluctuations of approximately 10%, 12% and 20% respectively in the average. In order to match the oxygen supply of the gas supply system to the gas demand and consumption of the user, there are frequent adjustments to the load of the gas supply of the ASU.
如上文所述，如果对来自用户的用气需求和消耗不能准确预测和跟踪，ASU可能生产超过用户所需的气体而使得气体缓冲罐101和供应管路101a至101c中的气体压力过高。为了避免设备损坏，气体供应***100需要将气体缓冲罐101中的过量气体排出甚至放空，导致ASU生产的气体产品被浪费。这种情况在用户的需求在瞬间或短时间内强烈下降时造成的负面影响更大。如果ASU的气体产品生产速度无法满足用户的瞬间或短期内的强烈上升，为了保证用户的反应过程所需的气体供应流量或流速，必须由ASU 104的后备***对液态气体产品进行汽化来快速补充气体缓冲罐101中的气体。液态气体的成本远高于ASU正常产生气体产品的生产方式，因此频繁地启用液体汽化来生产气体将显著增加气体供应***的运行成本。 与浪费气体类似，这种情况在用户的需求在瞬间或短时间内强烈上升以及频繁波动时同样造成很大的负面影响。As mentioned above, if the gas demand and consumption from users cannot be accurately predicted and tracked, the ASU may produce more gas than the users require and cause the gas pressure in the gas buffer tank 101 and supply lines 101a to 101c to be too high. In order to avoid equipment damage, the gas supply system 100 needs to discharge or even vent the excess gas in the gas buffer tank 101, causing the gas products produced by the ASU to be wasted. This situation has a greater negative impact when user demand drops strongly in an instant or within a short period of time. If ASU's gas product production speed cannot meet the user's instantaneous or short-term strong increase, in order to ensure the gas supply flow or flow rate required by the user's reaction process, the liquid gas product must be vaporized by the ASU 104's backup system to quickly replenish it. Gas in the gas buffer tank 101. The cost of liquid gas is much higher than the ASU's normal production method of producing gas products, so frequently enabling liquid vaporization to produce gas will significantly increase the operating costs of the gas supply system. Similar to wasting gas, this situation also has a great negative impact when user demand rises strongly in an instant or within a short period of time and fluctuates frequently.
因此，保证气体供应***100以较经济的成本实现用户的用气需求和消耗的合理跟踪和供应，维持ASU以稳定可控的气体供应负载状态运行是气体供应***100的重要控制目标。Therefore, it is an important control goal of the gas supply system 100 to ensure that the gas supply system 100 can realize reasonable tracking and supply of the user's gas demand and consumption at a more economical cost, and to maintain the ASU operating in a stable and controllable gas supply load state.
下面，基于质量守恒定理分析与气体供应和气体消耗分别对应的气体进入和离开气体缓冲罐(缓冲罐)的质量/流量参数之间的对应关系，确定准确地预测用户的实时用气需求的趋势的主要参数和指标。Next, based on the conservation of mass theorem, we analyze the corresponding relationship between the mass/flow parameters of gas entering and leaving the gas buffer tank (buffer tank) corresponding to gas supply and gas consumption respectively, to determine the trend of accurately predicting the user's real-time gas demand. main parameters and indicators.
根据质量守恒定理，气体缓冲罐101中的气体(例如氧气O2)实时或瞬时状态符合如下公式：
d(ρV)＝(Fin-Fout)*ρs*dt    公式(1)According to the law of conservation of mass, the real-time or instantaneous state of the gas (such as oxygen O 2 ) in the gas buffer tank 101 conforms to the following formula:
d(ρV)＝(F in -F out )*ρ s *dt Formula (1)
其中，in,
Fin为进入气体缓冲罐101的气体流量；F in is the gas flow rate entering the gas buffer tank 101;
Fout为离开气体缓冲罐101的气体流量，Fin和Fout可以使用位于气体缓冲罐101的气体入口侧和出口侧的两个流量感测装置(例如流量计)检测标准状态下的气体流量获得；F out is the gas flow rate leaving the gas buffer tank 101 . F in and F out can use two flow sensing devices (such as flow meters) located on the gas inlet side and the outlet side of the gas buffer tank 101 to detect the gas flow rate under the standard state. get;
ΔF＝Fin-Fout为进入气体缓冲罐101内的气体流量变化，也称为净气体流量；ΔF=F in -F out is the change in gas flow rate entering the gas buffer tank 101, which is also called the net gas flow rate;
ρ为气体密度，ρs为标准状态下的气体密度；ρ is the gas density, ρ s is the gas density under the standard state;
t为瞬时时刻。t is the instantaneous time.
根据理想气体状态方程，将气体密度展开为包括P，R，T和M的表达式，得到公式(2)：
d(MO2*P/(R*T)*V)＝(Fin-Fout)*ρs*dt     公式(2)According to the ideal gas equation of state, the gas density is expanded into an expression including P, R, T and M, and formula (2) is obtained:
d(M O2 *P/(R*T)*V)=(F in -F out )*ρ s *dt Formula (2)
其中，in,
R为气体常数；R is the gas constant;
P为气体的压力，可以由位于气体缓冲罐101内部或外部的压力传感器检测，在此假设气体缓冲罐101(包括多个并联或串联的气体缓冲罐)的压力是均匀分布的； P is the pressure of the gas, which can be detected by a pressure sensor located inside or outside the gas buffer tank 101. It is assumed here that the pressure of the gas buffer tank 101 (including multiple gas buffer tanks connected in parallel or in series) is evenly distributed;
T为气体的温度，由位于气体缓冲罐101内部或外部的温度传感器检测。根据本申请的实施例，可以使用气体缓冲罐101所在的场所的环境温度作为公式中的气体的温度。假设在所关注的气体供应过程期间(例如，30分钟，1小时或更长的时间)期间的气体温度或环境温度是恒定的，即T为常数；T is the temperature of the gas, which is detected by a temperature sensor located inside or outside the gas buffer tank 101 . According to an embodiment of the present application, the ambient temperature of the location where the gas buffer tank 101 is located may be used as the temperature of the gas in the formula. Assume that the gas temperature or ambient temperature during the gas supply process of interest (e.g., 30 minutes, 1 hour or longer) is constant, that is, T is constant;
M为气体(氧气)的摩尔质量。M is the molar mass of gas (oxygen).
对公式(2)进行等效变换，得到：
Fout＝Fin-d(MO2*P/(R*T)*V)/(ρs*dt)Perform equivalent transformation on formula (2) to get:
F out ＝F in -d(M O2 *P/(R*T)*V)/(ρ s *dt)
再将恒定的参数从微分项中移到外部并整合为常数参数，得到：
d(P/T)/dt＝(Fin-Fout)/kThen move the constant parameters from the differential term to the outside and integrate them into constant parameters to get:
d(P/T)/dt=(F in -F out )/k
进一步，
dP/dt＝T*(Fin-Fout)/k＝(Fin-Fout)/k1＝ΔF/k1    公式(3)further,
dP/dt＝T*(F in -F out )/k＝(F in -F out )/k1＝ΔF/k1 Formula (3)
其中，in,
常数参数k为MO2*V/(R*ρs)，k1＝k/T，即在考虑气体的温度(环境温度)的情况下，压力的微分dP/dt与气体的温度和气体流量变化的乘积成比例；如果气体的温度恒定时，可以将温度并入常数参数k得到常数参数k1，则压力的微分dP/dt仅与气体流量变化成比例。The constant parameter k is M O2 *V/(R*ρ s ), k1=k/T, that is, taking into account the temperature of the gas (ambient temperature), the differential pressure dP/dt changes with the temperature of the gas and the gas flow rate is proportional to the product of ; if the temperature of the gas is constant, the temperature can be incorporated into the constant parameter k to obtain the constant parameter k1, then the differential pressure dP/dt is only proportional to the change in gas flow.
根据上述公式，可以将从气体缓冲罐101输出到用户的供应管路的气体流量计算为：
Fout＝Fin-[d(P/T)/dt]*k＝Fin-[d(P)/dt]*k1     公式(4)According to the above formula, the gas flow rate output from the gas buffer tank 101 to the user's supply pipeline can be calculated as:
F out ＝F in -[d(P/T)/dt]*k＝F in -[d(P)/dt]*k1 Formula (4)
可见，气体缓冲罐101中的气体的压力变化率dP/dt是用于反映用户的气体(氧气)消耗与ASU 104的气体供应之间的偏差，即预测用户的气体需求趋势的直接指标。在气体的温度(环境温度)恒定的情况下，参数dP/dt可以作为气体需求趋势的关键预测参数之一。在此基础上，结合反应气体供应***100的重要的状态变量的气体的压力P，可以准确地预测用户的气体需求趋势，为ASU 104的气体供应负载准确跟踪用户的用气需求趋势提供理论上的支持。 It can be seen that the pressure change rate dP/dt of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 is used to reflect the deviation between the user's gas (oxygen) consumption and the gas supply of the ASU 104, that is, a direct indicator to predict the user's gas demand trend. When the temperature of the gas (ambient temperature) is constant, the parameter dP/dt can be used as one of the key prediction parameters of the gas demand trend. On this basis, combined with the gas pressure P, an important state variable of the reaction gas supply system 100, the user's gas demand trend can be accurately predicted, providing a theoretical basis for the gas supply load of the ASU 104 to accurately track the user's gas demand trend. support.
在预测用户的用气需求时，通常需要基于用户在过去一段时间期间的用气需求数据作为历史数据提取用气规律。所累积的历史数据量越大，从中提取的能够反映用户的用气规律和趋势的特征信息越多。另外，用户的用气需求存在一定的周期性，因此至少可以根据先前的一个或多个周期内的用户用气需求的历史数据集合，预测与用户在未来时间或时间期间的用气趋势相对应的气体缓冲罐101中的气体的压力变化率以及压力，进而确定控制气体供应***100的供气策略。When predicting a user's gas demand, it is usually necessary to extract gas usage patterns based on the user's gas demand data in the past period as historical data. The larger the amount of accumulated historical data, the more characteristic information that can be extracted from it to reflect the user's gas usage patterns and trends. In addition, there is a certain periodicity in the user's gas demand, so at least based on the historical data collection of the user's gas demand in one or more previous periods, predictions can be made corresponding to the user's gas consumption trend in the future time or time period. The pressure change rate and pressure of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 are determined to determine the gas supply strategy for controlling the gas supply system 100 .
确定气体供应策略需要确定用户的用气周期。控制单元103首先获取以预定的采样时间间隔(例如15秒，30秒，1分钟，5分钟或更长的时间间隔)持续采集(例如分别采集用户131和132)的用气需求/消耗数据。如上文所述，用气需求/消耗数据的历史数据可以采用来自用户131或132或者来自诸如靠近用户侧的供应管路上的感测装置(例如流量计)提供的用气需求数据的历史数据集合。Determining the gas supply strategy requires determining the user's gas consumption cycle. The control unit 103 first obtains gas demand/consumption data continuously collected (for example, collected from users 131 and 132 respectively) at a predetermined sampling time interval (for example, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes or longer time intervals). As mentioned above, the historical data of gas demand/consumption data may adopt a historical data set of gas demand data provided from the user 131 or 132 or from a sensing device (eg, a flow meter) on the supply pipeline close to the user side. .
图2和图3以用气需求的历史数据曲线的形式分别示出用户A在不同时间段的历史用气需求情况。可以看出，用户A在图3所示的时间段的用气需求的历史数据曲线呈现比该用户在图2所示的时间段更剧烈的波动(纵轴上流量变化幅度更大)并且占据对气体供应***100的气体供应负载的影响的主要部分(纵轴上的流量及其变化的绝对值更大)。Figures 2 and 3 respectively show the historical gas demand of user A in different time periods in the form of historical data curves of gas demand. It can be seen that the historical data curve of user A's gas demand in the time period shown in Figure 3 shows more severe fluctuations (the flow rate changes on the vertical axis are larger) than that of this user in the time period shown in Figure 2 and occupies The main part of the influence on the gas supply load of the gas supply system 100 (the flow rate on the vertical axis and the absolute value of its change is greater).
尽管用户的用气需求历史数据曲线呈现较多的剧烈波动，但是这些波动呈现一定的周期性。可以对历史数据曲线进行回归分析，例如自回归分析来确定用户的用气需求的用气周期。自回归分析适于以较低的运算量快速地确定参数的自相关特性。本领域技术人员可以想到，还可以使用其他方法确定用户的用气周期。Although the historical data curve of users' gas demand shows many violent fluctuations, these fluctuations show a certain periodicity. Regression analysis, such as autoregressive analysis, can be performed on historical data curves to determine the gas consumption cycle of the user's gas demand. Autoregressive analysis is suitable for quickly determining the autocorrelation characteristics of parameters with low computational complexity. Those skilled in the art can imagine that other methods can also be used to determine the user's gas consumption cycle.
控制单元103可以针对每个用户的气体需求/消耗的历史数据曲线进行自回归分析，获得与每个用户的气体需求对应的用气周期。针对每个用户分别确定用气周期，可以支持气体供应***100制定针对每个用气用户的气体供应策略和自动负载调节方案，获得更精准的气体供应效果。控制单元103还可以将具有起始时间和相位相同或相近的用气周期的用户的气 体需求的历史数据整合，确定同时对多个用户进行气体供应的供应策略和自动负载调节方案。The control unit 103 can perform autoregressive analysis on the historical data curve of each user's gas demand/consumption to obtain the gas consumption period corresponding to each user's gas demand. Determining the gas consumption cycle separately for each user can support the gas supply system 100 to formulate a gas supply strategy and automatic load adjustment plan for each gas user to obtain a more accurate gas supply effect. The control unit 103 can also change the gas consumption cycle of the user with the same or similar starting time and phase. Integrate the historical data of individual demand to determine the supply strategy and automatic load adjustment scheme for gas supply to multiple users at the same time.
将用户A的用气需求的历史数据曲线(记为原始曲线y)按照采样时间间隔(例如30秒)为移位步长沿横轴(时间)向前或向后水平移位获得移位后的曲线y’，对两条曲线y和y’进行相关性分析，确定相位相差不同的时间区间的两条气体需求历史数据曲线之间的相关性(也称为吻合度)。如果两条曲线中具有相同的横轴坐标(时间)的两点之间存在较大相关性，则这两条曲线具有较大的相关性值，反之则具有较低的相关性值。将相关性值定义为[0,1]之间的值，显然，如果两条曲线完全相同(即没有在时间上移位)则它们具有值为1的相关性值。The historical data curve of user A's gas demand (recorded as original curve y) is horizontally shifted forward or backward along the horizontal axis (time) according to the sampling time interval (for example, 30 seconds) to obtain the shifted value. Curve y', perform correlation analysis on the two curves y and y', and determine the correlation (also called the degree of agreement) between the two historical gas demand data curves in time intervals with different phase differences. If there is a large correlation between two points with the same horizontal axis coordinate (time) in the two curves, the two curves have a large correlation value, otherwise they have a low correlation value. Defining the correlation value as a value between [0,1], obviously if two curves are exactly the same (i.e. not shifted in time) then they have a correlation value of 1.
将用户A的用气需求的历史数据曲线的原始曲线y和移位后的曲线y’之间的时间区间差值作为横轴坐标(单位为采样时间间隔的计数)，二者的相关性值作为纵轴坐标生成自回归相关性曲线图，如图4A所示。显然在时间区间差值(0个采样时间间隔)处存在值为1的最大相关性。进一步，发现图4A所示的示例在60个采样时间间隔的滞后(对应的横坐标为-60)或者在60个采样时间间隔的超前(对应的横坐标为+60)的两条曲线y和y’的相关性值，达到除了横坐标为0的点(0移位步长)处的最大相关性值以外的最大相关性值(次最大相关性)的波峰。波峰表示在该超前移位步长或滞后移位步长处存在较大的参数自相关值，而波谷则表示存在较小的自相关值，即最不相关。除了0点外的最高波峰每60个移位步长出现一次，并且该波峰的相关性值相同或基本相同，证明用户A的用气需求存在60个移位步长的用气周期。该示例中的采样时间间隔为30秒，则60个移位步长的采样时间间隔的和为30分钟，从用户A的用气需求的历史数据曲线可以确定其用气周期为30分钟。Taking the time interval difference between the original curve y and the shifted curve y' of the historical data curve of user A's gas demand as the horizontal axis coordinate (the unit is the count of the sampling time interval), the correlation value between the two An autoregressive correlation graph is generated as the vertical axis coordinate, as shown in Figure 4A. Clearly there is a maximum correlation with a value of 1 at the time interval difference (0 sampling intervals). Further, it is found that the two curves y and The correlation value of y' reaches the peak of the maximum correlation value (sub-maximum correlation) except the maximum correlation value at the point where the abscissa is 0 (0 shift step). The peak indicates the presence of a large parameter autocorrelation value at that lead shift step or the lag shift step, while the trough indicates the presence of a smaller autocorrelation value, that is, the least correlation. The highest peak other than the 0 point appears once every 60 shift steps, and the correlation value of the peak is the same or basically the same, which proves that the gas demand of user A has a gas consumption period of 60 shift steps. The sampling time interval in this example is 30 seconds, so the sum of the sampling time intervals of 60 shift steps is 30 minutes. From the historical data curve of user A's gas demand, it can be determined that its gas consumption period is 30 minutes.
图4B则是用户B的用气需求的历史数据曲线的原始曲线y和移位后的曲线y’之间的自回归相关性曲线图。虽然图中除0点位置之外存在多个波峰和波谷，但是最大波峰(除0点之外)仍然出现在+-60个移位步长处，因此可以确定用户B的用气需求的用气周期为30分钟。 Figure 4B is an autoregressive correlation graph between the original curve y and the shifted curve y' of the historical data curve of user B's gas demand. Although there are multiple peaks and troughs in the figure except for the 0 point position, the maximum peak (except for the 0 point) still appears at +-60 shift steps, so the gas consumption of user B's gas demand can be determined The cycle time is 30 minutes.
可以根据公式(4)基于用气需求的历史数据对以自回归分析确定的用户的用气周期进行验证。基于公式(4)变换得到：
dP/dt*k1＝Fin–Fout The user's gas consumption cycle determined by autoregressive analysis can be verified based on historical data of gas demand according to formula (4). Based on the transformation of formula (4), we get:
dP/dt*k1＝F in –F out
进一步，在确定的用气周期上对压力变化率进行积分，得到：
∫(dP/dt)dt＝∫(Fin-Fout)dt      公式(5)Furthermore, by integrating the pressure change rate over the determined gas consumption period, we get:
∫(dP/dt)dt＝∫(F in -F out )dt Formula (5)
在理想状态下，气体缓冲罐101既没有多余的气体被放空，也没有使用液体汽化补充供气，则ASU 104提供的进入气体缓冲罐101的气体流量应当满足用户的气体需求流量(即Fin与Fout相同)使得ΔF＝Fin-Fout为零，其积分也为零。则压力变化率的积分值在所确定的用气周期(例如30分钟)内近似为0，表示气体供应***100的ASU 104提供的气体量与用户所需的气体需求量相同，二者差为0。因此，可以证明上文中根据自回归分析所确定的用户周期是正确的。Under ideal conditions, the gas buffer tank 101 is neither vented with excess gas, nor is liquid vaporized to supplement the gas supply, so the gas flow rate entering the gas buffer tank 101 provided by the ASU 104 should meet the user's gas demand flow rate (i.e. F in Same as F out ) so that ΔF = F in - F out is zero, and its integral is also zero. Then the integral value of the pressure change rate is approximately 0 within the determined gas consumption period (for example, 30 minutes), which means that the amount of gas provided by the ASU 104 of the gas supply system 100 is the same as the gas demand required by the user, and the difference between the two is 0. Therefore, it can be proven that the user cycle determined above based on autoregressive analysis is correct.
在确定用户的用气周期之后，控制单元103基于所获取的气体供应***在先前的用户用气周期内的***状态变量的历史数据预测与用户在未来采样时间或时间间隔处的用气趋势相对应的预测***状态变量。***状态变量使用上文中所分析确定的气体缓冲罐101的气体压力和压力变化率。由检测单元102所获取的气体缓冲罐101在先前的用气周期内的压力测量数据体现了用户在用气周期内的用气需求信息，或者说在先前的用气周期内的压力测量数据与用户的用气需求相关联。因此，可以通过先前的用户用气周期内所获取的压力测量数据计算得到气体缓冲罐101内的气体的预测压力和预测压力变化率。After determining the user's gas consumption period, the control unit 103 predicts the gas consumption trend of the user at a future sampling time or time interval based on the acquired historical data of the system state variables of the gas supply system in the previous user's gas consumption period. Corresponding predicted system state variables. The system state variables use the gas pressure and pressure change rate of the gas buffer tank 101 analyzed and determined above. The pressure measurement data of the gas buffer tank 101 in the previous gas usage cycle acquired by the detection unit 102 reflects the user's gas demand information in the gas usage cycle, or in other words, the pressure measurement data in the previous gas usage cycle is consistent with the pressure measurement data in the previous gas usage cycle. related to the user’s gas demand. Therefore, the predicted pressure and the predicted pressure change rate of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 can be calculated based on the pressure measurement data obtained during the previous user's gas usage cycle.
气体供应***100的检测单元102在所确定的先前一个或多个用气周期内，以预定的采样时间间隔获取与气体缓冲罐101中的气体压力，气体缓冲罐101中的气体的温度(或环境温度)的测量值及其采样时间或测量时间。气体供应***100也可以获取其他时间期间内的气体压力、气体温度的测量值。一般来说，检测单元102采样上述气体参数的时间期间至少应当大于或等于上文中所确定的一个完整的用气周期。可以使用平均值算法计算在该时间期间(例如一个或多个用气周期，或者大于或等于一个完 整用气周期的其他时间期间)内的预测压力和预测压力变化率中的至少一项。平均值可以包括移动平均值或算术平均值。以移动平均值为例，所获取的在先前的一个或多个用气周期或大于或等于一个完整用气周期的其他时间期间内的气体压力的测量值的移动平均值可以作为气体压力在未来时间或时间间隔的预测值。基于气体压力的测量值和该测量值所对应的测量时间或采样时间还可以计算该测量时间或时间间隔期间的压力变化率，所计算的多个压力变化率在先前的一个或多个用气周期或大于或等于一个完整用气周期的其他时间期间内的的移动平均值可以作为气体的压力变化率在未来时间或时间间隔的预测值。在此，未来时间或时间间隔指的是气体供应***100的控制单元103的下一控制时间或控制时间间隔，气体缓冲罐101中的气体压力和压力变化率的预测值作为该未来时刻的压力和压力变化率的期望值或控制目标值。对于控制单元103的控制间隔需要根据检测单元102的采样时间或时间间隔和所确定的用户的用气周期来适当地选择。较长的控制时间或控制时间间隔不能准确跟踪用户的用气需求，而较短的控制时间或控制时间间隔不仅增加了气体供应***的控制单元103的运算负荷，也会因为过度控制或调节而降低用户的生产工艺过程的稳定性。所以，控制单元103的控制时间或时间间隔可根据调试结果进行选择和微调。例如，例如，对于30分钟的用气周期和30秒的采样时间间隔，控制时间或控制时间间隔可以选择为1分钟、5分钟或其他时间长度。The detection unit 102 of the gas supply system 100 acquires the gas pressure in the gas buffer tank 101 and the temperature of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 (or ambient temperature) and its sampling time or measurement time. The gas supply system 100 can also obtain measured values of gas pressure and gas temperature during other time periods. Generally speaking, the time period during which the detection unit 102 samples the gas parameters should be at least greater than or equal to a complete gas usage cycle determined above. An averaging algorithm can be used to calculate the time period (such as one or more gas cycles, or greater than or equal to a complete At least one of the predicted pressure and the predicted pressure change rate during other times of the entire gas cycle). Averages can include moving averages or arithmetic averages. Taking the moving average as an example, the moving average of the measured values of the gas pressure obtained in one or more previous gas cycles or other time periods greater than or equal to a complete gas cycle can be used as the gas pressure in the future. Predicted value for time or interval. Based on the measured value of the gas pressure and the measurement time or sampling time corresponding to the measured value, the pressure change rate during the measurement time or time interval can also be calculated. The calculated multiple pressure change rates are in one or more previous gas consumption periods. The moving average of a period or other time period greater than or equal to a complete gas consumption cycle can be used as a prediction value of the gas pressure change rate at a future time or time interval. Here, the future time or time interval refers to the next control time or control time interval of the control unit 103 of the gas supply system 100, and the predicted value of the gas pressure and pressure change rate in the gas buffer tank 101 is used as the pressure at this future moment. and the expected value or control target value of the pressure change rate. The control interval for the control unit 103 needs to be appropriately selected based on the sampling time or time interval of the detection unit 102 and the determined gas consumption cycle of the user. A longer control time or control time interval cannot accurately track the user's gas demand, while a shorter control time or control time interval not only increases the computing load of the control unit 103 of the gas supply system, but also causes excessive control or adjustment. Reduce the stability of the user's production process. Therefore, the control time or time interval of the control unit 103 can be selected and fine-tuned according to the debugging results. For example, for a gas cycle of 30 minutes and a sampling interval of 30 seconds, the control time or control interval may be selected to be 1 minute, 5 minutes, or other lengths of time.
如果气体的温度(环境温度)是变化的，则在计算预测压力，特别是预测压力变化率时还需要考虑气体的温度测量值，至少基于公式(3)确定与气体温度相对应的预测压力和预测压力变化率。If the temperature of the gas (ambient temperature) changes, the temperature measurement value of the gas also needs to be considered when calculating the predicted pressure, especially the predicted pressure change rate, at least based on formula (3) to determine the predicted pressure corresponding to the gas temperature and Predict the rate of pressure change.
图5示出用于气体供应***100的高级过程控制(APC，Advanced Process Control)的示例性控制逻辑。根据上文中的分析，在控制逻辑中增加气体缓冲罐101中的气体的压力变化率(dP/dt)和压力(P)的(移动)平均值算法。其中，用于计算平均值的用气周期基于由用户的用气需求历史数据的自回归分析计算。 FIG. 5 shows exemplary control logic for Advanced Process Control (APC) of the gas supply system 100 . Based on the above analysis, the (moving) average algorithm of the pressure change rate (dP/dt) and the pressure (P) of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 is added to the control logic. Among them, the gas consumption period used to calculate the average value is calculated based on autoregressive analysis of the user's gas demand historical data.
控制单元103的控制输入510为***状态变量的期望值，例如，分别包括气体缓冲罐101中的气体的压力和压力变化率的期望范围，二者分别被称为压力控制约束和压力变化率控制约束。控制约束限定了相关***状态变量的变化范围，与气体供应***的设备参数、气体供应性能、负载调节范围以及设备安全限制等因素有关。控制约束可以采用阈值，或者由上限阈值和下限阈值组成的阈值范围(也称为控制带)表示。根据本申请的实施例，压力控制约束为期望的压力P的阈值范围[Plow，PHigh]，例如可以设定为[2.0Mpa，2.5Mpa]，或者更精细的[2.05Mpa，2.22Mpa]。压力变化率控制约束为期望的压力变化率dP/dt的阈值范围[DPlow，DPhigh]，例如可以设定为[-5kPa/min，7kPa/min]，或者更精确的[-5.1kPa/min，6.8kPa/min]。The control input 510 of the control unit 103 is the expected value of the system state variable, for example, including the pressure of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 and the expected range of the pressure change rate, which are respectively referred to as the pressure control constraint and the pressure change rate control constraint. . Control constraints limit the change range of relevant system state variables, which are related to factors such as equipment parameters of the gas supply system, gas supply performance, load adjustment range, and equipment safety restrictions. Control constraints can be represented by thresholds or a threshold range (also called a control band) consisting of an upper threshold and a lower threshold. According to the embodiment of the present application, the pressure control constraint is the threshold range [P low , P High ] of the desired pressure P, which can be set to [2.0Mpa, 2.5Mpa], or more finely [2.05Mpa, 2.22Mpa], for example. . The pressure change rate control constraint is the threshold range of the desired pressure change rate dP/dt [DP low , DP high ]. For example, it can be set to [-5kPa/min, 7kPa/min], or more accurately [-5.1kPa/ min, 6.8kPa/min].
气体供应***100的输出512为经过气体供应调节后的***状态变量，例如是气体缓冲罐101中的气体的经控制后所测得的压力和所计算的压力变化率。检测单元102检测***控制输出512(气体压力P)，获得气体缓冲罐101的气体压力和气体压力变化率作为***的反馈信号。检测的压力和压力变化率经过反馈单元504(其传递函数为Gm(s))处理后，在521处分别将处理后的压力与期望的压力和压力变化率进行比较获得压力偏差e(P)和压力变化率偏差e(dP)，并将压力偏差e(P)输入到压力控制器501，将压力变化率偏差e(dP)输入到压力变化率控制器502。The output 512 of the gas supply system 100 is a system state variable adjusted by the gas supply, for example, the measured pressure and the calculated pressure change rate of the gas in the gas buffer tank 101 after control. The detection unit 102 detects the system control output 512 (gas pressure P), and obtains the gas pressure and gas pressure change rate of the gas buffer tank 101 as feedback signals of the system. After the detected pressure and pressure change rate are processed by the feedback unit 504 (whose transfer function is Gm(s)), the processed pressure is compared with the expected pressure and pressure change rate at 521 to obtain the pressure deviation e(P). and the pressure change rate deviation e(dP), and the pressure deviation e(P) is input to the pressure controller 501, and the pressure change rate deviation e(dP) is input to the pressure change rate controller 502.
作为策略控制器之一的压力控制器501(其传递函数为Gc_a(s))，基于压力控制约束，确定由气体压力决定的气体供应策略的第一控制量以指示气体供应***100的气体供应的调整方向。The pressure controller 501 as one of the strategy controllers (its transfer function is Gc_a(s)), based on the pressure control constraints, determines the first control quantity of the gas supply strategy determined by the gas pressure to indicate the gas supply of the gas supply system 100 adjustment direction.
在本文中，以压力和压力变化率的移动平均值作为***状态变量的预测值为例说明控制策略，但是本领域技术人员应当理解，压力和压力变化率的其他计算值也是适用的。In this article, the control strategy is explained by taking the moving average value of pressure and pressure change rate as the predicted value of the system state variable as an example, but those skilled in the art should understand that other calculated values of pressure and pressure change rate are also applicable.
如果压力的移动平均值Ave_Move(P)>Phigh，表示气体缓冲罐101的气体供应量超过用户的用气需求量，需要减少供气以避免浪费气体。如果压力的移动平均值Ave_Move(P)<Plow，表示气体缓冲罐101的气体供应 量不足以满足用户的用气需求量，需要增加供气甚至可能需要液体汽化。而压力的移动平均值Ave_Move(P)在Plow和Phigh之间，表示气体缓冲罐101的气体供应量满足压力控制约束，气体供应量满足用户的用气需求量。压力的移动平均值Ave_Move(P)与上限和下限阈值Phigh和Plow的比较结果实际反映的是气体缓冲罐101在提供用户的用气需求后剩余气体的压力(存量)情况，用于判断***的供气量是否满足用户的用气需求量。If the moving average value of the pressure Ave_Move(P)>P high , it means that the gas supply volume of the gas buffer tank 101 exceeds the user's gas demand, and the gas supply needs to be reduced to avoid wasting gas. If the moving average value of the pressure Ave_Move(P)<P low , it represents the gas supply of the gas buffer tank 101 The amount is not enough to meet the user's gas demand, and the gas supply needs to be increased and the liquid may even need to be vaporized. The moving average value of the pressure Ave_Move(P) is between P low and P high , which means that the gas supply amount of the gas buffer tank 101 meets the pressure control constraint, and the gas supply amount meets the user's gas demand. The comparison result between the moving average value of pressure Ave_Move (P) and the upper and lower thresholds P high and P low actually reflects the pressure (inventory) of the remaining gas after the gas buffer tank 101 provides the user's gas demand, and is used for judgment. Whether the air supply volume of the system meets the user's air demand.
压力控制器501生成的第一控制量可以采用指示气体供应策略或气体供应调整方向的标志量(flag)。标志量可以使用离散控制方式简化控制算法，也便于基于经验调整控制策略，获得快速高效的控制效果。例如，分别使用-1，0和+1作为压力控制器501所输出的标志量Flag1。其中，-1的标志量指示气体缓冲罐101中气体存量过大，需要减少气体供应；0指示气体缓冲罐101中的气体存量尚能满足用户需求，无需调整当前气体供应方案，气体供应保持不变；+1则指示气体缓冲罐101中的气体存量已经不足，需要增加气体供应以提前做好用户需求快速增加的准备。相对应地，压力的移动平均值Ave_Move(P)>Phigh时压力控制器501的输出标志量Flag1为-1，压力的移动平均值Ave_Move(P)落入阈值范围[Plow，PHigh]中时压力控制器501的输出标志量Flag1为0，压力的移动平均值Ave_Move(P)<Plow时压力控制器501的输出标志量Flag1为+1。The first control quantity generated by the pressure controller 501 may adopt a flag quantity (flag) indicating a gas supply strategy or a gas supply adjustment direction. The marker quantity can use the discrete control method to simplify the control algorithm, and it is also convenient to adjust the control strategy based on experience to obtain fast and efficient control effects. For example, -1, 0 and +1 are respectively used as the flag quantity Flag1 output by the pressure controller 501. Among them, the flag amount of -1 indicates that the gas stock in the gas buffer tank 101 is too large and the gas supply needs to be reduced; 0 indicates that the gas stock in the gas buffer tank 101 can still meet the user's needs, and there is no need to adjust the current gas supply plan and the gas supply remains insufficient. changes; +1 indicates that the gas stock in the gas buffer tank 101 is insufficient, and the gas supply needs to be increased to prepare for a rapid increase in user demand in advance. Correspondingly, when the moving average value of pressure Ave_Move(P)>P high , the output flag Flag1 of the pressure controller 501 is -1, and the moving average value of pressure Ave_Move(P) falls into the threshold range [P low , P High ] The output flag quantity Flag1 of the pressure controller 501 is 0 at medium time, and the output flag quantity Flag1 of the pressure controller 501 is +1 when the moving average value of pressure Ave_Move(P)<P is low .
另一策略控制器的压力变化率控制器502(也可以称为微分先行控制器，其传递函数为Gc_b(s))，基于压力变化率控制约束，确定由气体压力变化率决定的气体供应策略的第二控制量以指示气体供应***100的气体供应的调整方向。压力变化率控制器502可以弥补仅使用压力控制器501进行压力调节的滞后性，基于微分控制实现相位超前的***状态变量调整。The pressure change rate controller 502 of another strategy controller (which can also be called a differential look-ahead controller, whose transfer function is Gc_b(s)) determines the gas supply strategy determined by the gas pressure change rate based on the pressure change rate control constraints. The second control quantity is used to indicate the adjustment direction of the gas supply of the gas supply system 100 . The pressure change rate controller 502 can compensate for the hysteresis of pressure adjustment using only the pressure controller 501, and realize phase-advanced system state variable adjustment based on differential control.
如果压力变化率的移动平均值Ave_Move(dP/dt)>DPhigh，表示进入气体缓冲罐101的气体流量Fin大于离开气体缓冲罐101的气体流量Fout，气体供应超过用户的用气需求，需要减少供气以避免浪费气体。如果压力变化率的移动平均值Ave_Move(dP/dt)<DPlow，表示进入气体缓冲罐101的气体流量Fin小于离开气体缓冲罐101的气体流量Fout，气体供应不足以满 足用户的用气需求，需要增加供气，甚至可能需要后备***的液体汽化。如果压力变化率的移动平均值Ave_Move(dP/dt)位于DPlow和DPhigh之间，表示进入气体缓冲罐101的气体流量Fin与离开气体缓冲罐101的气体流量Fout基本达到平衡。压力变化率的移动平均值Ave_Move(dP/dt)与DPhigh和DPlow的比较结果实际反映的是上游的气体分离装置ASU的气体生产量或生产速度(气体流量或流速)是否满足下游的用气装置(用户)的气体消耗量或消耗速度(流量或流速)，即用气量变化速度的考量，用于判断***供气速度是否满足用户的用气速度。If the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move(dP/dt)>DP high , it means that the gas flow F in entering the gas buffer tank 101 is greater than the gas flow F out leaving the gas buffer tank 101, and the gas supply exceeds the user's gas demand. The gas supply needs to be reduced to avoid wasting gas. If the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move(dP/dt)<DP low , it means that the gas flow F in entering the gas buffer tank 101 is less than the gas flow F out leaving the gas buffer tank 101 , and the gas supply is insufficient. To meet the user's gas demand, it is necessary to increase the gas supply, and may even require a backup system for liquid vaporization. If the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move (dP/dt) is between DP low and DP high , it means that the gas flow F in entering the gas buffer tank 101 and the gas flow F out leaving the gas buffer tank 101 are basically balanced. The comparison result of the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move (dP/dt) with DP high and DP low actually reflects whether the gas production volume or production speed (gas flow rate or flow rate) of the upstream gas separation unit ASU meets the downstream requirements. The gas consumption or consumption speed (flow or flow rate) of the gas device (user), that is, the consideration of the change speed of gas consumption, is used to determine whether the system's gas supply speed meets the user's gas consumption speed.
类似地，压力变化率控制器502生成的第二控制量同样可以采用指示气体供应策略或气体供应调整方向的标志量。例如，分别使用-1，0和+1的作为压力变化率控制器502所输出的标志量Flag2。其中，-1的标志量指示气体缓冲罐101的下游用户用量低于上游的ASU提供的进入气体缓冲罐101的气体流量(下游快速退量)，需要减小气体供应速度；0指示气体缓冲罐101的下游用户用量与上游的ASU气体分离生产量基本平衡，无需调整当前气体供应方案，气体供应速度保持不变；+1则指示气体缓冲罐101的下游用户用量高于上游的ASU提供的进入气体缓冲罐101的气体流量(下游快速消耗)，需要增加气体供应速度以应对用户需求快速增加。相对应地，压力变化率的移动平均值Ave_Move(dP/dt)>DPhigh时压力变化率控制器502的输出标志量为-1，压力变化率的移动平均值Ave_Move(dP/dt)落入阈值范围[DPlow，DPHigh]中时压力变化率控制器502的输出标志量为0，压力变化率的移动平均值Ave_Move(dP/dt)<DPlow时压力变化率控制器502的输出标志量为1。Similarly, the second control quantity generated by the pressure change rate controller 502 may also adopt a flag quantity indicating a gas supply strategy or a gas supply adjustment direction. For example, -1, 0 and +1 are respectively used as the flag quantity Flag2 output by the pressure change rate controller 502. Among them, the flag value of -1 indicates that the downstream user consumption of the gas buffer tank 101 is lower than the gas flow rate entering the gas buffer tank 101 provided by the upstream ASU (downstream rapid withdrawal), and the gas supply speed needs to be reduced; 0 indicates that the gas buffer tank The downstream user usage of 101 is basically balanced with the upstream ASU gas separation production volume. There is no need to adjust the current gas supply plan, and the gas supply speed remains unchanged; +1 indicates that the downstream user usage of the gas buffer tank 101 is higher than the input provided by the upstream ASU. The gas flow rate of the gas buffer tank 101 (rapid downstream consumption) requires an increase in gas supply speed to cope with the rapid increase in user demand. Correspondingly, when the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move(dP/dt)>DP high , the output flag quantity of the pressure change rate controller 502 is -1, and the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move(dP/dt) falls into When the threshold range [DP low , DP High ] is in the threshold range [DP low, DP High], the output flag of the pressure change rate controller 502 is 0, and when the moving average value of the pressure change rate Ave_Move (dP/dt) < DP low , the output flag of the pressure change rate controller 502 The quantity is 1.
压力控制器501和压力变化率控制器502输出的第一和第二控制量在522处进行融合操作以生成融合控制量。在这里，融合操作可以将压力控制器501和压力变化率控制器502生成的气体供应策略进行整合以获得组合的单一控制输出。融合操作可以包括将第一和第二控制量进行简单的算术求和，还可以引入各自的权重进行加权求和以表示压力和压力变化率对气体供应策略的贡献程度。还可以使用其他算法计算融合控制量。 The first and second control quantities output by the pressure controller 501 and the pressure change rate controller 502 are fused at 522 to generate a fused control quantity. Here, the fusion operation may integrate the gas supply strategies generated by the pressure controller 501 and the pressure change rate controller 502 to obtain a combined single control output. The fusion operation may include a simple arithmetic summation of the first and second control quantities, and may also introduce respective weights for weighted summation to represent the contribution of the pressure and pressure change rate to the gas supply strategy. Other algorithms can also be used to calculate the fusion control volume.
在第一和第二控制量采用标志量的情况下，可以将标志量相加获得的总和作为压力控制器501和压力变化率控制器502的融合控制量。例如，如果用户的用气需求猛烈增加，虽然预测的气体压力P的移动平均值小于Plow(对应的Flag1值为+1)，但是***的供气速度在加快(预测的压力变化率dP/dt大于DPhigh，对应的Flag2值为-1)，则Flag1和Flag2的算术总和为+1+-1＝0，说明气体缓冲罐101的供气已经在不断增加并且能够满足用气需求快速增加的趋势，则融合控制量的标志量Flag＝Flag1+Flag2＝0，最终不需要调整现有供气策略。再例如，如果用气需求猛烈增加，但是所预测的气体缓冲罐101中的气体压力P的移动平均值仍然很高(Ave_Move(P)>>Phigh，对应的Flag1为-1)，说明此时气体缓冲罐101的供气量仍然满足用气需求，即使预测的压力变化率的移动平均值小于DPlow(对应的Flag2为1)，则二者的总和得到的融合控制量的标志量仍然为Flag＝Flag1+Flag2＝+1+-1＝0，不需要调整现有的供气策略。When the first and second control quantities adopt flag quantities, the sum obtained by adding the flag quantities can be used as the fused control quantity of the pressure controller 501 and the pressure change rate controller 502 . For example, if the user's gas demand increases sharply, although the moving average of the predicted gas pressure P is less than P low (the corresponding Flag1 value is +1), the system's gas supply speed is accelerating (predicted pressure change rate dP/ dt is greater than DP high , and the corresponding Flag2 value is -1), then the arithmetic sum of Flag1 and Flag2 is +1+-1=0, indicating that the gas supply of the gas buffer tank 101 has been increasing and can meet the rapid increase in gas demand. trend, then the flag quantity of the fusion control variable Flag=Flag1+Flag2=0, and ultimately there is no need to adjust the existing gas supply strategy. For another example, if the gas demand increases sharply, but the predicted moving average of the gas pressure P in the gas buffer tank 101 is still very high (Ave_Move(P)>>P high , the corresponding Flag1 is -1), it means that this When the gas supply volume of the gas buffer tank 101 still meets the gas demand, even if the moving average of the predicted pressure change rate is less than DP low (the corresponding Flag2 is 1), the flag quantity of the fusion control quantity obtained by the sum of the two is still For Flag=Flag1+Flag2=+1+-1=0, there is no need to adjust the existing air supply strategy.
根据本申请的实施例，在第一和第二控制量的标志量的总和为-2时，仍然将融合控制量的标志量设置为-1，即不在增加供气或减少供气的控制策略中再分级。相应地，在总和为+2的情况下，仍然将融合控制量的标志量设置为+1。According to the embodiment of the present application, when the sum of the flags of the first and second control quantities is -2, the flag of the fusion control quantity is still set to -1, that is, there is no longer a control strategy of increasing or reducing air supply. Medium re-grading. Accordingly, in the case where the sum is +2, the flag amount of the fusion control amount is still set to +1.
控制逻辑中还可以包括针对干扰输入511进行控制的前馈控制器503(其传递函数为Gc_c(s))。前馈控制器503主要用于针对气体供应***中诸如因一氧化碳或二氧化碳等杂质气体的存在，导致气体供应***的气体供应负载中存在干扰成分而使得从气体分离装置向气体缓冲罐提供气体时需要被迫升高或降低气体供应负载的情况。前馈控制器503可以基于所检测的与一氧化碳或二氧化碳等杂质气体相关的干扰输入511，生成气体供应负载的经调整和补偿的控制参数。A feedforward controller 503 (whose transfer function is Gc_c(s)) that controls the disturbance input 511 may also be included in the control logic. The feedforward controller 503 is mainly used to provide gas from the gas separation device to the gas buffer tank due to the presence of impurity gases such as carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide in the gas supply system, which causes interference components in the gas supply load of the gas supply system. A situation where the gas supply load is forced to increase or decrease. The feedforward controller 503 may generate adjusted and compensated control parameters for the gas supply load based on detected disturbance inputs 511 related to impurity gases such as carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide.
在具有或不具有前馈控制器503的情况下，压力控制器501和压力变化率控制器502、和/或前馈控制器503的输出在522进行融合以生成单一的融合控制量，然后将融合控制量输入到气体供应***100的执行控制器505(其传递函数为Gv(s))。如上文所述，融合操作可以包括将两个或三 个控制器的控制输出的简单求和后的总和作为融合控制量，也可以引入权重计算两者或三者的加权总和作为融合控制量。在将前馈控制器503的控制量输出与压力控制器501、压力变化率控制器502的控制量输出(第一和第二控制量)进行融合前，需要先统一它们的输出格式。With or without feedforward controller 503 , the outputs of pressure controller 501 and pressure change rate controller 502 , and/or feedforward controller 503 are fused at 522 to generate a single fused control variable, which is then The fusion control variable is input to the execution controller 505 of the gas supply system 100 (its transfer function is Gv(s)). As mentioned above, the fusion operation can involve combining two or three The sum of the simple summation of the control outputs of two controllers is used as the fusion control variable, and weights can also be introduced to calculate the weighted sum of the two or three as the fusion control variable. Before fusing the control quantity output of the feedforward controller 503 with the control quantity outputs (first and second control quantities) of the pressure controller 501 and the pressure change rate controller 502, their output formats need to be unified first.
***的执行控制器505(其传递函数为Gv(s))基于来自522的融合控制输出所指示的整合气体供应策略，使用DCS控制方法确定气体供应***100的执行设备(例如包括如上文所述的各个致动装置)的控制参数。DCS控制方法使用的多变量预测控制(MVPC，Multi Variables Predictive Control)模型提供自动调速功能，可以将来自522的融合控制输出与相应的控制量阈值或阈值范围进行比较。在融合控制输出超出阈值较多或者距离较远时，MVPC可以以较快的速度和幅度将控制量调节或“拉回”到阈值以内或到阈值范围内。融合控制输出越接近阈值或阈值范围，调节的速度或幅度越小，呈现“降速”的效果。也就是说，MVPC可以通过自动调速功能根据输入到执行控制器505的融合控制量与阈值或阈值范围的偏离程度自动选择相应的调节速度或幅度。因此，在压力控制器501、压力变化率控制器502和/或前馈控制器503中，输出的控制量不再设置-2和+2的标志量，融合后的融合控制量也不再设置-2和+2的标志量而是将其分别并入-1和+1中。The system's execution controller 505 (whose transfer function is Gv(s)) uses a DCS control method to determine the execution devices of the gas supply system 100 (e.g., including as described above) based on the integrated gas supply strategy indicated by the fused control output from 522 control parameters of each actuating device). The Multi-Variables Predictive Control (MVPC) model used by the DCS control method provides automatic speed adjustment function, which can compare the fusion control output from the 522 with the corresponding control quantity threshold or threshold range. When the fusion control output exceeds the threshold by a large amount or is far away, MVPC can adjust or "pull back" the control amount to within the threshold or within the threshold range at a faster speed and amplitude. The closer the fusion control output is to the threshold or threshold range, the smaller the adjustment speed or amplitude is, showing a "speed-down" effect. That is to say, the MVPC can automatically select the corresponding adjustment speed or amplitude through the automatic speed adjustment function according to the degree of deviation of the fusion control amount input to the execution controller 505 from the threshold or threshold range. Therefore, in the pressure controller 501, the pressure change rate controller 502 and/or the feedforward controller 503, the output control quantity is no longer set to the flag quantity of -2 and +2, and the fused control quantity after fusion is no longer set. The flags of -2 and +2 are instead merged into -1 and +1 respectively.
执行控制器505输出的控制参数用于控制致动装置执行气体缓冲罐101的气体供应负载的调整，例如包括气体缓冲罐101的进气量，进气流量或流速(例如以标准立方米/小时为单位)，和/或位于气体缓冲罐101的进气侧的供应管路101a上或气体缓冲罐101的进气口处的阀门的开度等。压力和压力变化率分别与期望的压力控制约束条件和压力变化率约束条件的比较(以及可能进一步考虑的干扰输入511的影响)，可以确定气体供应***100的控制参数(例如用于ASU的气体分离生产参数)的调整方向和趋势。而MVPC中的整合控制量与对应阈值和阈值范围的比较，可以确定气体供应***100的控制参数的变化或调整的方向、幅度和/或速度。 The control parameters output by the execution controller 505 are used to control the actuating device to adjust the gas supply load of the gas buffer tank 101, for example, including the air intake volume, air intake flow rate or flow rate of the gas buffer tank 101 (for example, in standard cubic meters/hour). (unit), and/or the opening of the valve located on the supply pipeline 101a on the air inlet side of the gas buffer tank 101 or at the air inlet of the gas buffer tank 101, etc. Comparison of the pressure and pressure change rate with the desired pressure control constraints and pressure change rate constraints, respectively (and possibly further consideration of the effects of disturbance input 511), can determine the control parameters of the gas supply system 100 (e.g., gas for the ASU Separate production parameters) adjustment direction and trend. The comparison of the integrated control quantity in the MVPC with the corresponding threshold and threshold range can determine the direction, amplitude and/or speed of the change or adjustment of the control parameter of the gas supply system 100 .
气体供应***100的***模型506(其传递函数为Gp(s))在执行控制器505输出的控制参数的控制下，达到新的***状态并产生如上文所述的***输出512。根据本申请的实施例，干扰输入511也可以影响气体供应***100的***模型506的***状态输出512，因此需要引入前馈控制器503。The system model 506 of the gas supply system 100 (whose transfer function is Gp(s)), under the control of the control parameters output by the execution controller 505, reaches a new system state and generates the system output 512 as described above. According to an embodiment of the present application, the disturbance input 511 may also affect the system status output 512 of the system model 506 of the gas supply system 100, so the feedforward controller 503 needs to be introduced.
在某工业园区中，采用根据本申请所提出的APC控制逻辑控制的气体供应***100，获得了自2020年11月至2020年12月的***运行数据。其中，所记录的ASU的氧气供应负载在85-105kNm3/h(千标准立方米/小时)之间。作为对比，以相同氧气供应负载下的手动控制方案的平均性能作为比较基准。In an industrial park, the gas supply system 100 controlled according to the APC control logic proposed in this application was used to obtain system operation data from November 2020 to December 2020. Among them, the recorded oxygen supply load of the ASU is between 85-105kNm 3 /h (thousand standard cubic meters / hour). For comparison, the average performance of the manual control scheme under the same oxygen supply load is used as a benchmark.
经过对现场测试结果的工作时间和经济成本的节约性分析，可以发现本申请所提出的用于控制气体供应的自动化负载预测***方案可以显著减少人工操作时间。例如，操作记录从平均80.37条/天减少到0，即没有由于气体生产需求不匹配用户的用气需求和消耗问题而导致的人工操作，可以每天节省2个人工时。此外，本申请的***方案可以显著降低气体产品放空和液体产品汽化的额外成本。对使用本申请提出的***方案与人工操作进行比较计算发现，气体供应过程中的液体汽化比(liquid evaporation ratio，以液体汽化提供的供应气体占用户的总气体需求量的比率，以百分比表示)可以从2％降到1％，排气时间比(venting time ratio，从气体缓冲罐中排除过量气体的时间占总供气时间的比率，以百分比表示)从11％降到6％，显著节约了人力、时间和原料成本从而避免浪费。综合上述工作时间和成本节省以及相关的其他支出，本申请提出的***方案可以每月节省约10万元，每天减少两个人工时的人力/时间成本，从而提高了操作人员的工作体验。该方案还可以复制应用于需求类似的其他应用场景。After analyzing the working time and economic cost of the field test results, it can be found that the automated load prediction system solution for controlling gas supply proposed in this application can significantly reduce manual operation time. For example, the operation records are reduced from an average of 80.37 records/day to 0, that is, there are no manual operations caused by the gas production demand not matching the user's gas demand and consumption problem, which can save 2 man-hours every day. In addition, the system solution of the present application can significantly reduce the additional costs of gas product venting and liquid product vaporization. Comparative calculations using the system solution proposed in this application and manual operation found that the liquid evaporation ratio in the gas supply process (liquid evaporation ratio, the ratio of the supply gas provided by liquid vaporization to the user's total gas demand, expressed as a percentage) It can be reduced from 2% to 1%, and the venting time ratio (venting time ratio, the ratio of the time to remove excess gas from the gas buffer tank to the total gas supply time, expressed as a percentage) is reduced from 11% to 6%, which is a significant saving. Reduce labor, time and raw material costs to avoid waste. Taking into account the above working time and cost savings and other related expenditures, the system solution proposed in this application can save about 100,000 yuan per month and reduce the labor/time cost by two man-hours per day, thus improving the operator's work experience. This solution can also be replicated and applied to other application scenarios with similar requirements.
图6示出用于控制气体供应的示例性方法。该方法中与结合图1至图5描述的气体供应***的运行过程相同或相似的部分将不再详述。Figure 6 illustrates an exemplary method for controlling gas supply. Parts of the method that are the same or similar to the operation process of the gas supply system described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 5 will not be described in detail.
方法首先在步骤S610中获取气体供应***的***状态变量的测量数据，例如气体缓冲罐中的气体的压力测量数据。从上文可知，这些压力测 量数据与用户在先前的用气周期内的用气需求相关联。为了确定可用于提取用户的用气需求规律的足够信息，需要在步骤S610中进一步实施多个子步骤。这些子步骤用于确定用户的用气周期并基于用气周期选取在先前的用气周期中所测量的***状态变量。例如，在子步骤S611中进一步获取用户的用气需求的历史数据，以及在子步骤S612中基于用气需求的历史数据确定用气周期，使得在步骤S610中可以获取在当前时间之前的先前的用气周期内的压力测量数据。在基于用气需求的历史数据确定用气周期时，可以在用气周期历史数据(曲线)上应用回归分析，特别是自回归分析算法确定用气周期。The method first obtains measurement data of system state variables of the gas supply system in step S610, such as pressure measurement data of gas in the gas buffer tank. As can be seen from the above, these pressure tests The volume data is associated with the user's gas demand during the previous gas cycle. In order to determine sufficient information that can be used to extract the user's gas demand pattern, multiple sub-steps need to be further implemented in step S610. These sub-steps are used to determine the user's gas usage cycle and select system state variables measured in previous gas usage cycles based on the gas usage cycle. For example, in sub-step S611, historical data of the user's gas demand is further obtained, and in sub-step S612, the gas consumption cycle is determined based on the historical data of gas demand, so that in step S610, the previous gas consumption period before the current time can be obtained. Pressure measurement data during the gas usage cycle. When determining the gas consumption cycle based on the historical data of gas demand, regression analysis, especially the autoregressive analysis algorithm, can be applied on the gas consumption cycle historical data (curve) to determine the gas consumption cycle.
接下来，方法在步骤S620中确定下一时间/时间间隔(特别是下一控制时间或控制时间间隔)的预测的***状态变量，例如压力预测数据。表征气体供应***的***状态变量包括气体缓冲罐中的气体压力和压力变化率，因此步骤S620中确定压力预测数据主要是确定压力与压力变化率的预测数据(子步骤S622)。在理想状态下，气体缓冲罐中的气体温度保持恒定，也可以使用所测量的环境温度表示气体缓冲罐内的气体温度。当气体的温度可变时，还需要根据质量守恒定理所推导的规律(例如公式4)获取气体缓冲罐中的气体温度(例如图6中由虚线示出的子步骤S621)来计算与气体温度相对应的预测压力和预测压力变化率。Next, the method determines in step S620 predicted system state variables, such as pressure prediction data, for the next time/time interval (in particular the next control time or control time interval). The system state variables characterizing the gas supply system include the gas pressure and pressure change rate in the gas buffer tank. Therefore, determining the pressure prediction data in step S620 is mainly to determine the prediction data of the pressure and pressure change rate (sub-step S622). Under ideal conditions, the gas temperature in the gas buffer tank remains constant, and the measured ambient temperature can also be used to represent the gas temperature in the gas buffer tank. When the temperature of the gas is variable, it is also necessary to obtain the gas temperature in the gas buffer tank (such as sub-step S621 shown by the dotted line in Figure 6) according to the law derived from the conservation of mass principle (such as Formula 4) to calculate the gas temperature Corresponding predicted pressure and predicted pressure change rate.
在完成步骤S620之后，方法在步骤S630中确定气体供应***的控制参数。其中，在子步骤S631中，基于所预测的压力以及压力控制约束的比较结果可以确定气体供应负载调节的第一控制量。在子步骤S632中，基于所预测的压力变化率以及压力变化率控制约束的比较结果可以确定气体供应负载调节的第二控制量。控制量可以采用表征不同控制策略的标志量的形式。子步骤S631和S632可以独立、串行或并行实施。然后，在子步骤S633中将第一和第二控制量进行融合操作生成融合后的***控制量，并确定***中各个设备(例如ASU)的控制或操作参数。控制参数可以是气体的供应相关的可测量参数，例如气体缓冲罐的进气量或进气流量(流速)或ASU的气体分离生产量或生产流量(流速)，也可以是直接或间接地作 用于气体供应***的设备的致动装置或执行装置的操作量，例如气体缓冲罐的进气口或进气侧的供应管路上的阀门的开度。After completing step S620, the method determines control parameters of the gas supply system in step S630. Wherein, in sub-step S631, the first control amount of the gas supply load adjustment may be determined based on the comparison result of the predicted pressure and the pressure control constraint. In sub-step S632, a second control amount for gas supply load adjustment may be determined based on a comparison result of the predicted pressure change rate and the pressure change rate control constraints. Control quantities can take the form of flag quantities characterizing different control strategies. Sub-steps S631 and S632 can be implemented independently, serially or in parallel. Then, in sub-step S633, the first and second control variables are fused to generate a fused system control variable, and the control or operating parameters of each device (eg, ASU) in the system are determined. The control parameter can be a measurable parameter related to the supply of gas, such as the air inlet volume or air inlet flow rate (flow rate) of the gas buffer tank or the gas separation production volume or production flow rate (flow rate) of the ASU, or it can be directly or indirectly operated. The operating quantity of the actuating device or execution device of the equipment used in the gas supply system, such as the opening of the air inlet of the gas buffer tank or the valve on the supply pipeline on the air inlet side.
如果气体供应***有多个用气用户，则本申请所提出的方法还可以针对不同的用户需求规律设计对应的气体供应负载调节策略和方法。本领域技术人员可知，在气体供应***供应多种类型的气体时，气体供应负载的自动调节是针对每种类型的气体产品单独设置的。If the gas supply system has multiple gas users, the method proposed in this application can also design corresponding gas supply load adjustment strategies and methods according to different user demand patterns. Those skilled in the art will know that when the gas supply system supplies multiple types of gases, the automatic adjustment of the gas supply load is set individually for each type of gas product.
图7则示出根据本申请的实施例的用于控制气体供应的设备700。设备700至少包括用于获取气体供应***的***状态变量数据701，例如气体缓冲罐的压力测量数据的检测单元710，用于基于所获取的压力测量数据确定压力预测数据(包括预测压力和预测压力变化率)并基于压力预测数据确定***的气体供应负载调节的控制参数702的控制单元720。Figure 7 shows a device 700 for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application. The device 700 at least includes a detection unit 710 for acquiring system state variable data 701 of the gas supply system, such as pressure measurement data of a gas buffer tank, and for determining pressure prediction data (including predicted pressure and predicted pressure) based on the obtained pressure measurement data. rate of change) and determines control parameters 702 for gas supply load regulation of the system based on the pressure prediction data.
具体地，控制单元720可以进一步实施如图6中所示的步骤S610至S630中的至少一个步骤和至少一个子步骤。其中，与上文中结合图1至5描述的***运行过程以及结合图6描述的方法中相同或类似的部分将不再详述。Specifically, the control unit 720 may further implement at least one step and at least one sub-step among steps S610 to S630 as shown in FIG. 6 . Among them, the same or similar parts as those in the system operation process described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 and the method described with reference to FIG. 6 will not be described in detail.
设备700还可以包括用于与操作人员交互的界面(未示出)。界面可以包括接收操作人员的输入信息的输入单元，操作人员可以通过输入单元介入气体供应***的气体供应负载自动调节过程，输入期望的控制约束条件和控制参数等。界面还可以包括向操作人员呈现***工作状态和所获取的各种数据的显示单元。Device 700 may also include an interface (not shown) for interaction with an operator. The interface may include an input unit that receives input information from an operator. The operator can intervene in the gas supply load automatic adjustment process of the gas supply system through the input unit and input desired control constraints and control parameters, etc. The interface may also include a display unit that presents the system working status and various acquired data to the operator.
图8示出气体供应***的示例性框图。气体供应***800可以包括如图7中所示的用于气体供应控制的设备700，用于缓存提供给用户的气体的气体缓冲罐810，以及用于生产气体的气体产生装置(例如ASU)820。设备700从气体缓冲罐810获取***状态变量以确定气体供应控制和负载调节的控制参数，控制气体产生装置820的气体供应负载的调节操作，例如正常产气或液体汽化，和/或控制气体缓冲罐810的操作。与气体缓冲罐810相关的操作例如包括，调节进入和流出气体缓冲罐810的气体量或气体流量/流速，以及控制气体缓冲罐810排出生产过量的气体产品。 Figure 8 shows an exemplary block diagram of a gas supply system. The gas supply system 800 may include a device 700 for gas supply control as shown in FIG. 7 , a gas buffer tank 810 for buffering gas provided to a user, and a gas generation unit (eg, ASU) 820 for producing gas. . The device 700 obtains system state variables from the gas buffer tank 810 to determine control parameters for gas supply control and load regulation, controls gas supply load regulation operations of the gas generation device 820, such as normal gas production or liquid vaporization, and/or controls gas buffering Operation of tank 810. Operations related to the gas buffer tank 810 include, for example, regulating the amount of gas or the gas flow/flow rate entering and exiting the gas buffer tank 810, and controlling the gas buffer tank 810 to discharge excess gas product.
应当注意，尽管在上文详细描述中提及了用于控制气体供应的***的若干模块或者单元，但是这种划分并非强制性的。实际上，根据本申请的实施方式，上文描述的两个或更多模块或者单元的特征和功能可以在一个模块或者单元中具体化。反之，上文描述的一个模块或者单元的特征和功能可以进一步划分为由多个模块或者单元来具体化。作为模块或单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本申请的方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。It should be noted that although several modules or units of the system for controlling gas supply are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present application, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above may be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above may be further divided into being embodied by multiple modules or units. Components shown as modules or units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this application. Persons of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement the method without any creative effort.
在本申请的示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序包括可执行指令，该可执行指令被例如处理器执行时可以实现上述任意一个实施例中所述用于控制气体供应的方法的步骤。在一些可能的实施方式中，本申请的各个方面还可以实现为一种程序产品的形式，其包括程序代码，当所述程序产品在终端设备上运行时，所述程序代码用于使所述终端设备执行本说明书用于控制气体供应的方法中描述的根据本申请各种示例性实施例的步骤。In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, with a computer program stored thereon. The program includes executable instructions, which can implement any of the above when executed by, for example, a processor. Steps of the method for controlling gas supply described in the examples. In some possible implementations, various aspects of the present application can also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code. When the program product is run on a terminal device, the program code is used to cause the The terminal device performs the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present application described in the method for controlling gas supply in this specification.
根据本申请的实施例的用于实现上述方法的程序产品可以采用便携式紧凑盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)并包括程序代码，并可以在终端设备，例如个人电脑上运行。然而，本申请的程序产品不限于此，在本文件中，可读存储介质可以是任何包含或存储程序的有形介质，该程序可以被指令执行***、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用。The program product for implementing the above method according to the embodiment of the present application can adopt a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include the program code, and can be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the program product of the present application is not limited thereto. In this document, a readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that may be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device.
所述程序产品可以采用一个或多个可读介质的任意组合。可读介质可以是可读信号介质或者可读存储介质。可读存储介质例如可以为但不限于电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的***、装置或器件，或者任意以上的组合。可读存储介质的更具体的例子(非穷举的列表)包括：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式盘、硬盘、随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、 便携式紧凑盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。The program product may take the form of any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: electrical connection with one or more conductors, portable disk, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, Portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
所述计算机可读存储介质可以包括在基带中或者作为载波一部分传播的数据信号，其中承载了可读程序代码。这种传播的数据信号可以采用多种形式，包括但不限于电磁信号、光信号或上述的任意合适的组合。可读存储介质还可以是可读存储介质以外的任何可读介质，该可读介质可以发送、传播或者传输用于由指令执行***、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用的程序。可读存储介质上包含的程序代码可以用任何适当的介质传输，包括但不限于无线、有线、光缆、RF等等，或者上述的任意合适的组合。The computer-readable storage medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave carrying readable program code therein. Such propagated data signals may take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. A readable storage medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code contained on a readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.
可以以一种或多种程序设计语言的任意组合来编写用于执行本申请操作的程序代码，所述程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言—诸如Java、C++等，还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言—诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算设备上执行、部分地在用户设备上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算设备上部分在远程计算设备上执行、或者完全在远程计算设备或服务器上执行。在涉及远程计算设备的情形中，远程计算设备可以通过任意种类的网络，包括局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)，连接到用户计算设备，或者，可以连接到外部计算设备(例如利用因特网服务提供商来通过因特网连接)。Program code for performing the operations of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, etc., as well as conventional procedural formulas. Programming language—such as "C" or a similar programming language. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server execute on. In situations involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device, such as provided by an Internet service. (business comes via Internet connection).
在本申请的示例性实施例中，还提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括处理器，以及用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器。其中，所述处理器配置为经由执行所述可执行指令来执行上述任意一个实施例中的用于控制气体供应的方法的步骤。In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, an electronic device is also provided, and the electronic device may include a processor, and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor. Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the steps of the method for controlling gas supply in any of the above embodiments by executing the executable instructions.
所属技术领域的技术人员能够理解，本申请的各个方面可以实现为***、方法或程序产品。因此，本申请的各个方面可以具体实现为以下形式，即：完全的硬件实施方式、完全的软件实施方式(包括固件、微代码等)，或硬件和软件方面结合的实施方式，这里可以统称为“电路”、“模块”或“***”。 Those skilled in the art can understand that various aspects of the present application can be implemented as systems, methods or program products. Therefore, various aspects of the present application can be specifically implemented in the following forms, namely: a complete hardware implementation, a complete software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software implementations, which may be collectively referred to herein as "Circuit", "Module" or "System".
下面参照图9来描述根据本申请的这种实施方式的电子设备900。图9显示的电子设备900仅仅是一个示例，不应对本申请的实施例的功能和使用范围带来任何限制。An electronic device 900 according to this embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIG. 9 . The electronic device 900 shown in FIG. 9 is only an example and should not bring any limitations to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.
如图9所示，电子设备900以通用计算设备的形式表现。电子设备900的组件可以包括但不限于：至少一个处理单元910、至少一个存储单元920、连接不同***组件(包括存储单元920和处理单元910)的总线930、显示单元940等。As shown in Figure 9, electronic device 900 is embodied in the form of a general computing device. The components of the electronic device 900 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 910, at least one storage unit 920, a bus 930 connecting different system components (including the storage unit 920 and the processing unit 910), a display unit 940, and the like.
其中，所述存储单元存储有程序代码，所述程序代码可以被所述处理单元910执行，使得所述处理单元910执行本说明书用于控制气体供应的方法中描述的根据本申请各种示例性实施方式的步骤。例如，所述处理单元910可以执行如图6中所示的步骤。Wherein, the storage unit stores program code, and the program code can be executed by the processing unit 910, so that the processing unit 910 performs various exemplary methods according to the present application described in the method for controlling gas supply in this specification. Implementation steps. For example, the processing unit 910 may perform steps as shown in FIG. 6 .
所述存储单元920可以包括易失性存储单元形式的可读介质，例如随机存取存储单元(RAM)9201和/或高速缓存存储单元9202，还可以进一步包括只读存储单元(ROM)9203。The storage unit 920 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access storage unit (RAM) 9201 and/or a cache storage unit 9202, and may further include a read-only storage unit (ROM) 9203.
所述存储单元920还可以包括具有一组(至少一个)程序模块9205的程序/实用工具9204，这样的程序模块9205包括但不限于：操作***、一个或者多个应用程序、其它程序模块以及程序数据，这些示例中的每一个或某种组合中可能包括网络环境的实现。The storage unit 920 may also include a program/utility 9204 having a set of (at least one) program modules 9205 including, but not limited to: an operating system, one or more applications, other program modules, and programs. Data, each of these examples or some combination may include an implementation of a network environment.
总线930可以为表示几类总线结构中的一种或多种，包括存储单元总线或者存储单元控制器、***总线、图形加速端口、处理单元或者使用多种总线结构中的任意总线结构的局域总线。Bus 930 may be a local area representing one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory unit bus or memory unit controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processing unit, or using any of a variety of bus structures. bus.
电子设备900也可以与一个或多个外部设备1000(例如键盘、指向设备、蓝牙设备等)通信，还可与一个或者多个使得用户能与该电子设备900交互的设备通信，和/或与使得该电子设备900能与一个或多个其它计算设备进行通信的任何设备(例如路由器、调制解调器等等)通信。这种通信可以通过输入/输出(I/O)接口950进行。并且，电子设备900还可以通过网络适配器960与一个或者多个网络(例如局域网(LAN)，广域网(WAN)和/或公共网络，例如因特网)通信。网络适配器960可以通过总线930与 电子设备900的其它模块通信。应当明白，尽管图中未示出，可以结合电子设备900使用其它硬件和/或软件模块，包括但不限于：微代码、设备驱动器、冗余处理单元、外部磁盘驱动阵列、RAID***、磁带驱动器以及数据备份存储***等。Electronic device 900 may also communicate with one or more external devices 1000 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, Bluetooth device, etc.), may also communicate with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with electronic device 900, and/or with Any device that enables the electronic device 900 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (eg, router, modem, etc.). This communication may occur through an input/output (I/O) interface 950. Furthermore, the electronic device 900 may also communicate with one or more networks (eg, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the Internet) through the network adapter 960. Network adapter 960 can interface with Communicate with other modules of the electronic device 900 . It should be understood that, although not shown in the figures, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with electronic device 900, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives And data backup storage system, etc.
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员易于理解，这里描述的示例实施方式可以通过软件实现，也可以通过软件结合必要的硬件的方式来实现。因此，根据本申请实施方式的技术方案可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品可以存储在一个非易失性存储介质(可以是CD-ROM，U盘，移动硬盘等)中或网络上，包括若干指令以使得一台计算设备(可以是个人计算机、服务器、或者网络设备等)执行根据本申请实施方式的用于控制气体供应的方法。Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the example embodiments described here can be implemented by software, or can be implemented by software combined with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the embodiment of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, U disk, mobile hard disk, etc.) or on the network , including several instructions to cause a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to execute a method for controlling gas supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的内容后，将容易想到本申请的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本申请的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本申请的一般性原理并包括本申请未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本申请的真正范围和精神由所附的权利要求指出。 Other embodiments of the present application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the technical field that are not disclosed in this application. . It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.

Claims (29)

  1. 一种用于控制气体供应***的气体供应的方法，所述气体供应***包括气体产生装置和气体缓冲装置，所述气体缓冲装置接收来自所述气体产生装置的气体供应以及向用户提供所述气体，所述方法包括：A method for controlling gas supply of a gas supply system, the gas supply system comprising a gas generating device and a gas buffer device, the gas buffer device receiving the gas supply from the gas generating device and providing the gas to a user , the method includes:
    获取所述气体缓冲装置的压力测量数据，所述压力测量数据与所述用户在先前的用气周期内的用气需求相关联；Obtaining pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device, the pressure measurement data being associated with the user's gas demand in the previous gas consumption cycle;
    基于所述压力测量数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的压力预测数据，其中所述压力预测数据包括预测压力和预测压力变化率；以及Determine pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device based on the pressure measurement data, wherein the pressure prediction data includes a predicted pressure and a predicted pressure change rate; and
    基于所述压力预测数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应的控制参数。Control parameters for the gas supply of the gas buffer device are determined based on the pressure prediction data.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，获取气体缓冲装置的压力测量数据进一步包括：The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device further includes:
    获取所述用户的用气需求的历史数据；Obtain historical data of the user's gas demand;
    基于所述用气需求的历史数据确定所述用户的所述用气周期；Determine the gas consumption cycle of the user based on the historical data of the gas demand;
    获取所述气体缓冲装置在所述用户的先前的用气周期内的所述压力测量数据。The pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device in the user's previous gas usage cycle is obtained.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，基于所述用气需求的历史数据确定所述用户的所述用气周期进一步包括：The method according to claim 2, wherein determining the gas consumption cycle of the user based on the historical data of the gas demand further includes:
    通过对所述用户需求的历史数据进行自回归分析来确定所述用户的所述用气周期。The user's gas consumption cycle is determined by performing autoregressive analysis on the historical data of the user's needs.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述压力测量数据包括压力测量值和对应的压力测量时间，基于所述压力测量数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的压力预测数据进一步包括：The method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure measurement data includes a pressure measurement value and a corresponding pressure measurement time, and determining the pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device based on the pressure measurement data further includes:
    计算所述压力测量值的平均值作为所述预测压力；Calculating an average of said pressure measurements as said predicted pressure;
    基于所述压力测量值和所述压力测量时间计算压力变化率的平均值作为所述预测压力变化率。An average value of pressure change rates is calculated as the predicted pressure change rate based on the pressure measurement value and the pressure measurement time.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述平均值为算术平均值或移动平均值。 The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the average value is an arithmetic average or a moving average.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，基于所述压力测量数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的压力预测数据进一步包括：The method of claim 1, wherein determining the pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device based on the pressure measurement data further includes:
    获取所述气体缓冲装置的温度，确定与所述温度对应的所述压力预测数据。The temperature of the gas buffer device is obtained, and the pressure prediction data corresponding to the temperature is determined.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，基于所述压力预测数据确定向所述气体缓冲装置供应气体的控制参数进一步包括：The method of claim 1, wherein determining a control parameter for supplying gas to the gas buffer device based on the pressure prediction data further includes:
    基于所述预测压力与压力控制约束确定气体供应的第一控制量；Determine a first control amount of gas supply based on the predicted pressure and pressure control constraints;
    基于所述预测压力变化率与压力变化率控制约束确定气体供应的第二控制量；Determine a second control amount of gas supply based on the predicted pressure change rate and pressure change rate control constraints;
    将所述第一控制量与所述第二控制量进行融合以生成所述控制参数。The first control variable and the second control variable are fused to generate the control parameter.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述压力控制约束包括预设的压力阈值或压力阈值范围，所述压力变化率控制约束包括预设的压力变化率阈值或压力变化率阈值范围。The method of claim 7, wherein the pressure control constraint includes a preset pressure threshold or a pressure threshold range, and the pressure change rate control constraint includes a preset pressure change rate threshold or a pressure change rate threshold range. .
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一控制量和所述第二控制量为指示所述气体供应的控制策略的标志量，将所述第一控制量与所述第二控制量进行融合以生成所述控制参数进一步包括：The method of claim 7, wherein the first control quantity and the second control quantity are flag quantities indicating a control strategy of the gas supply, and the first control quantity and the second control quantity are Fusion of two control quantities to generate the control parameters further includes:
    将所述第一控制量的标志量与所述第二控制量的标志量的总和作为指示所述控制参数的控制策略的标志量。The sum of the flag quantity of the first control quantity and the flag quantity of the second control quantity is used as a flag quantity indicating the control strategy of the control parameter.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述气体供应的控制策略包括以下中的至少一项：The method of claim 9, wherein the gas supply control strategy includes at least one of the following:
    增加所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应；increasing the gas supply to the gas buffer device;
    减少所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应；以及reducing the gas supply to the gas buffer device; and
    保持所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应不变。The gas supply to the gas buffer device is maintained constant.
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制参数包括所述气体缓冲装置的进气量、进气流量和阀门开度中的至少一个的调整方向、幅度和/或速度。The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control parameters include the adjustment direction, amplitude and/or speed of at least one of the intake air volume, intake air flow rate and valve opening of the gas buffer device.
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述压力测量数据与多个用户在先前的用气周期内的用气需求相关联，所述方法进一步包括： The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure measurement data is associated with the gas demand of multiple users in previous gas cycles, the method further comprising:
    针对每个用户获取气体缓冲装置的压力测量数据；Obtain gas buffer device pressure measurement data for each user;
    基于每个用户的所述压力测量数据确定针对每个用户的所述气体缓冲装置的压力预测数据；determining pressure prediction data for the gas buffer device for each user based on the pressure measurement data for each user;
    基于针对每个用户的所述压力预测数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的针对每个用户的气体供应的控制参数。Control parameters of the gas supply of the gas buffer device for each user are determined based on the pressure prediction data for each user.
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述气体为氧气、氮气和氩气中的至少一种。The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the gas is at least one of oxygen, nitrogen and argon.
  14. 一种用于控制气体供应***的气体供应的设备，所述气体供应***包括气体产生装置和气体缓冲装置，所述气体缓冲装置接收来自所述气体产生装置的气体以及向用户提供所述气体，所述设备包括：An apparatus for controlling the supply of gas to a gas supply system, the gas supply system comprising a gas generating device and a gas buffer device that receives gas from the gas generating device and provides the gas to a user, The equipment includes:
    检测单元，被配置为获取所述气体缓冲装置的压力测量数据，所述压力测量数据与所述用户在先前的用气周期内的用气需求相关联；a detection unit configured to obtain pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device, the pressure measurement data being associated with the user's gas demand in the previous gas consumption cycle;
    控制单元，被配置为基于所述压力测量数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的压力预测数据，其中所述压力预测数据包括预测压力和预测压力变化率；以及基于所述压力预测数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应的控制参数。a control unit configured to determine pressure prediction data of the gas buffer device based on the pressure measurement data, wherein the pressure prediction data includes a predicted pressure and a predicted pressure change rate; and determine the gas buffer based on the pressure prediction data Control parameters for the gas supply to the device.
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述设备还包括输入单元，所述输入单元被配置为获取所述用户的用气需求的历史数据；The device according to claim 14, wherein the device further comprises an input unit configured to obtain historical data of the user's gas demand;
    所述控制单元被进一步配置为基于所述用气需求的历史数据确定所述用户的所述用气周期；以及The control unit is further configured to determine the gas usage cycle of the user based on historical data of the gas demand; and
    所述检测单元被进一步配置为获取所述气体缓冲装置在所述用户的先前的用气周期内的所述压力测量数据。The detection unit is further configured to obtain the pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device during a previous gas usage cycle of the user.
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元被进一步配置为：The device of claim 15, wherein the control unit is further configured to:
    通过对所述用户需求的历史数据进行自回归分析来确定所述用户的所述用气周期。The user's gas consumption cycle is determined by performing autoregressive analysis on the historical data of the user's needs.
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述压力测量数据包括压力测量值和对应的压力测量时间，所述控制单元被进一步配置为：The device according to claim 14, wherein the pressure measurement data includes a pressure measurement value and a corresponding pressure measurement time, and the control unit is further configured to:
    计算所述压力测量值的平均值作为所述预测压力； Calculating an average of said pressure measurements as said predicted pressure;
    基于所述压力测量值和所述压力测量时间计算压力变化率的平均值作为所述预测压力变化率。An average value of pressure change rates is calculated as the predicted pressure change rate based on the pressure measurement value and the pressure measurement time.
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的设备，其特征在于，所述平均值为算术平均值或移动平均值。The device according to claim 17, characterized in that the average value is an arithmetic average or a moving average.
  19. 根据权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述检测单元被进一步配置为获取所述气体缓冲装置的温度，所述控制单元被进一步配置为确定与所述温度对应的所述压力预测数据。The device according to claim 14, wherein the detection unit is further configured to obtain the temperature of the gas buffer device, and the control unit is further configured to determine the pressure prediction data corresponding to the temperature. .
  20. 根据权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元被进一步配置为：The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the control unit is further configured to:
    基于所述预测压力与压力控制约束确定气体供应的第一控制量；Determine a first control amount of gas supply based on the predicted pressure and pressure control constraints;
    基于所述预测压力变化率与压力变化率控制约束确定气体供应的第二控制量；Determine a second control amount of gas supply based on the predicted pressure change rate and pressure change rate control constraints;
    将所述第一控制量与所述第二控制量进行融合以生成所述控制参数。The first control variable and the second control variable are fused to generate the control parameter.
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的设备，其特征在于，所述压力控制约束包括预设的压力阈值或压力阈值范围，所述压力变化率控制约束包括预设的压力变化率阈值或压力变化率阈值范围。The device according to claim 20, wherein the pressure control constraint includes a preset pressure threshold or a pressure threshold range, and the pressure change rate control constraint includes a preset pressure change rate threshold or a pressure change rate threshold range. .
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第一控制量和所述第二控制量为指示所述气体供应的控制策略的标志量，所述控制单元被进一步配置为：The device according to claim 20, wherein the first control quantity and the second control quantity are flag quantities indicating a control strategy of the gas supply, and the control unit is further configured to:
    将所述第一控制量的标志量与所述第二控制量的标志量的总和作为指示所述控制参数的控制策略的标志量。The sum of the flag quantity of the first control quantity and the flag quantity of the second control quantity is used as a flag quantity indicating the control strategy of the control parameter.
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的设备，其特征在于，所述气体供应的控制策略包括以下中的至少一项：The device according to claim 22, characterized in that the control strategy of the gas supply includes at least one of the following:
    增加所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应；increasing the gas supply to the gas buffer device;
    减少所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应；以及reducing the gas supply to the gas buffer device; and
    保持所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应不变。 The gas supply to the gas buffer device is maintained constant.
  24. 根据权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制参数包括所述气体缓冲装置的进气量、进气流量和阀门开度中的至少一个的调整方向、幅度和/或速度。The device according to claim 14, wherein the control parameter includes an adjustment direction, amplitude and/or speed of at least one of the air intake amount, air intake flow rate and valve opening of the gas buffer device.
  25. 根据权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述压力测量数据与多个用户在先前的用气周期内的用气需求相关联，The device of claim 14, wherein the pressure measurement data is associated with gas demand of multiple users in previous gas cycles,
    所述检测单元被进一步配置为针对每个用户获取气体缓冲装置的压力测量数据；The detection unit is further configured to obtain pressure measurement data of the gas buffer device for each user;
    所述控制单元被进一步配置为基于每个用户的所述压力测量数据确定针对每个用户的所述气体缓冲装置的压力预测数据；以及基于针对每个用户的所述压力预测数据确定所述气体缓冲装置的针对每个用户的所述气体缓冲装置的气体供应的控制参数。The control unit is further configured to determine pressure prediction data for the gas buffer device for each user based on the pressure measurement data for each user; and determine the gas based on the pressure prediction data for each user. Control parameters of the gas supply of the gas buffer device for each user of the buffer device.
  26. 根据权利要求14至25中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述气体为氧气、氮气和氩气中的至少一种。The device according to any one of claims 14 to 25, wherein the gas is at least one of oxygen, nitrogen and argon.
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序包括可执行指令，当该可执行指令被处理器执行时，实施根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法。A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program including executable instructions, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
  28. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：An electronic device, characterized by including:
    处理器；以及processor; and
    存储器，用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令；memory for storing executable instructions for the processor;
    其中，所述处理器被配置为执行所述可执行指令以实施根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法。wherein the processor is configured to execute the executable instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
  29. 一种气体供应***，至少包括气体产生装置，气体缓冲装置以及根据权利要求14至26中任一项所述的用于控制气体供应***的气体供应的设备。 A gas supply system includes at least a gas generating device, a gas buffer device and a device for controlling gas supply of the gas supply system according to any one of claims 14 to 26.
PCT/CN2023/080794 2022-03-23 2023-03-10 Method and apparatus for controlling gas supply of gas supply system WO2023179380A1 (en)

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