WO2023151758A1 - Method for prefilling a hydraulic system of a hydraulic actuator of a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Method for prefilling a hydraulic system of a hydraulic actuator of a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023151758A1 WO2023151758A1 PCT/DE2023/100112 DE2023100112W WO2023151758A1 WO 2023151758 A1 WO2023151758 A1 WO 2023151758A1 DE 2023100112 W DE2023100112 W DE 2023100112W WO 2023151758 A1 WO2023151758 A1 WO 2023151758A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pump
- line
- motor vehicle
- pressure
- consumer
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
- F16H61/0025—Supply of control fluid; Pumps therefore
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
- F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
- F16H61/0206—Layout of electro-hydraulic control circuits, e.g. arrangement of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/06—Smoothing ratio shift by controlling rate of change of fluid pressure
- F16H61/061—Smoothing ratio shift by controlling rate of change of fluid pressure using electric control means
- F16H2061/062—Smoothing ratio shift by controlling rate of change of fluid pressure using electric control means for controlling filling of clutches or brake servos, e.g. fill time, fill level or pressure during filling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/74—Inputs being a function of engine parameters
- F16H59/78—Temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for pre-filling a hydraulic system of an actuator of a motor vehicle with a pump that delivers fluid to a first consumer in a first direction of rotation and delivers fluid to at least one second consumer in a second direction of rotation, and with a line system through which the pump the second consumer and with the interposition of a switchable valve can be connected to a reservoir.
- Such hydraulic systems are provided in a drive train, in particular in a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle.
- an internal combustion engine and an electric machine can be connected in a hybrid drive train, with the internal combustion engine and electric machine being directly connected by means of a separating clutch, such as a friction clutch, or being operable independently of one another.
- the electric machine is, for example, connected downstream of a transmission which is operatively arranged between its rotor and a differential with the drive wheels, for example with a single gear stage, in which a second electric machine can be arranged.
- the motor vehicle contains, for example, a parking brake to form a parking brake, which is actuated by means of a parking claw engaging in a form-fitting manner in a transmission profile.
- the hydraulic system serves to cool the separating clutch and, if necessary, other transmission components and to actuate the separating clutch and the parking lock.
- one is used for sucking in and distributing fluid pump operated electrically by an electric motor, for example a reversible pump.
- the fluid is pumped through one cooling circuit in one direction of rotation of the pump, while the pressure required to actuate the separating clutch or parking lock is generated in the other direction of rotation.
- the fluid circuit is controlled by means of switchable valves such as 2-way valves and check valves.
- the separating clutch is fully closed in order to transfer the torque of the internal combustion engine to the drive wheels.
- the working pressure for actuating a slave cylinder to close the separating clutch can be maintained by means of a switchable check valve and/or a check valve.
- Hydraulic systems with an electrically driven so-called reversible pump are known from the prior art. In this case, one direction of rotation of the reversible pump can be assigned a volumetric flow function, such as a cooling function, and the other direction of rotation of the reversible pump can be assigned an actuating function.
- Such hydraulic systems and methods for their operation are known, for example, from the documents DE 10 2018 112 663 A1, DE 10 2018 112 665 A1, DE 10 2018 113 316 A1 and DE 10 2018 114 789 A1.
- Other hydraulic systems are known, inter alia, from the publications DE 10 2016 213 318 A1 and WO 2012/113368 A1.
- the object of the invention is the development of a method for pre-filling a hydraulic system.
- the object of the invention is to propose a method in which a consumer is prepared for actuation before he requests it, so that it can be put into operation quickly and conveniently after the motor vehicle has been shut down.
- the object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1.
- the claims dependent on claim 1 present advantageous embodiments of the subject-matter of claim 1.
- the proposed method is used for pre-filling a hydraulic system of a motor vehicle.
- the hydraulic system serves as a smart actuator for cooling and actuating components of the hybrid drive train.
- the hydraulic system contains a pump that is driven, for example, by means of an electric motor, can be controlled in both directions of rotation and delivers fluid, which in a first direction of rotation delivers fluid to a first consumer, for example to a separating clutch for cooling, and in a second direction of rotation, fluid to at least one second consumer, for example a parking lock activated by means of a slave cylinder and/or to a separating clutch actuated by means of a second slave cylinder.
- the at least one second consumer for example the two slave cylinders, are connected to the pump with a line system, for example consisting of a hydraulic line connected to the pump and two alternately connectable pressure line branches supplying two second consumers, through which the pump is connected to the second consumer and is connected to a reservoir with the interposition of a switchable valve.
- a line system for example consisting of a hydraulic line connected to the pump and two alternately connectable pressure line branches supplying two second consumers, through which the pump is connected to the second consumer and is connected to a reservoir with the interposition of a switchable valve.
- the pump pumps fluid from the reservoir via the line system with the line system connected to the reservoir up to a predetermined termination criterion prior to a request from the at least one second consumer.
- the line system between the second consumer and the pump of the hydraulic system which may have been at least partially empty in the event of a longer standstill and/or higher ambient temperature, is pre-filled by operating the pump before, for example, a request comes from the driver of the motor vehicle, the at least one second consumer, for example to put a parking lock into operation.
- the pump sucks fluid from the reservoir, for example a pressureless sump, and any air present in the line system is discharged to the outside via the open valve, i.e. into the reservoir, until it is recognized on the basis of a termination criterion that the line system is complete or at least for the quick and comfortable actuation of the at least one second consumer is sufficiently filled with fluid.
- the line system has a first pressure line branch that actuates a parking lock and a second pressure line branch that actuates a friction clutch, e.g can be connected to the hydraulic line connected to the pump.
- the second valve can be followed by the first valve, for example designed as a 2/2 valve, which connects the pressure line branch and thus the hydraulic line to the reservoir.
- the second valve is switched open in the direction of the pressure line branch for the separating clutch and the first valve in relation to the reservoir. In this way, during the pre-filling, fluid can be pumped from the reservoir via the hydraulic line and the pressure line branch to the reservoir.
- the hydraulic system can be constructed in such a way that the pump is provided at each of the two pump inlets with an intake branch that is protected against backflow by means of a non-return valve in relation to the reservoir.
- the pump inlet changes depending on the direction of rotation, so that the suction branches also change depending on the direction of rotation, whereby the fluid is sucked in through one of the two suction branches by adjusting the direction of rotation of the pump and fed into the hydraulic line, i.e. via which is fed to the respective pressure line branch to the first or second consumer.
- the pre-filling can take place in two variants. In a first variant, fluid is sucked in via the second suction branch and pumped directly via the second valve and the valve that is open to the reservoir.
- the pump is operated in the opposite direction.
- fluid is sucked in via the first intake branch and from there it enters the line system.
- the portion that is irrelevant for the pre-filling is fed to the cooling of the first consumer.
- the part that is decisive for the pre-filling of the line system is discharged via the valve that is open to the reservoir.
- a criterion for stopping the pre-filling is to record the pressure in the line system over the filling time, ie the activity of the pump during the pre-filling. If the pressure increases in a characteristic way, it can be assumed that the pipe system is filled.
- a predetermined pressure threshold, a pressure value, pressure range or pressure point can be specified as a termination criterion.
- the termination criterion can be monitored, for example, by means of a pressure sensor provided and arranged in the pressure line.
- a current/voltage behavior of an electric motor driving the pump can be evaluated to determine the termination criterion. For example, a current flowing in the electric motor during the pre-filling can be evaluated, with the termination criterion being set to a current value at which the line system is pre-filled.
- the termination criterion can be stored and retrieved as a fixed variable or variable that can be adapted to the running line of the hydraulic system as a function of temperature and/or the like, for example in a control unit of the hydraulic system or in a higher-level control unit.
- the initial termination criterion can be learned, for example, during the initialization at the end of the line, or it can be specified empirically.
- the idle time of the motor vehicle that has been shut down is recorded, for example, between being shut down, for example by switching off the internal combustion engine, switching off the ignition, removing an operating key, locking the motor vehicle and/or the like, and starting the motor vehicle again, for example by opening the motor vehicle, inserting an operating key, switching on the Ignition and / or the like determined.
- the routine for pre-filling the hydraulic system is advantageously started before the motor vehicle is started up, so that the pre-filling is already completed when the vehicle is started up.
- the routine can be initiated when the motor vehicle is unlocked using a key or without contact.
- the ambient temperature can be determined, for example, as the internal temperature in the engine compartment of the motor vehicle using a temperature sensor that may be present in a drive train component, control unit or the like, or as a temperature model.
- the ambient temperature as Outside temperature outside the motor vehicle for example by means of an outside temperature sensor of the motor vehicle or using a wireless, for example, from an Internet connection of the motor vehicle or a media device connected to it such as a smartphone outside temperature are recorded and evaluated.
- FIGS. show:
- Figure 1 is a hydraulic diagram of a hydraulic system
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram with sequences for pre-filling the hydraulic system of FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the hydraulic system 1 .
- the hydraulic system 1 has the pump 2 designed as a reversible pump.
- the pump 2 can be driven in a first direction of rotation 3 .
- the pump 2 delivers fluid to the first consumer 4, such as a cooling device, and provides a volume flow function.
- the pump 2 can be driven in a second direction of rotation 5 opposite to the first direction of rotation 3 .
- the pump 2 delivers the fluid to the two consumers 6.
- an operating pressure is built up to actuate them.
- the pump 2 delivers the fluid to two second consumers 6, here to a slave cylinder of the parking lock 7 and to a slave cylinder of the friction clutch 8.
- the pump 2 is driven by the electric motor 9 .
- the electric motor 9 is controlled by the control unit 10 .
- the first pump inlet 11 of the pump 2 is by means of the cooling line 12 with the interposition of the check valve 13 with the connected to the first consumer 4 and by means of the check valve 14 to the first suction branch 16 sucking in from the reservoir 15 .
- the check valve 13 prevents the fluid from being pumped back into the reservoir 15.
- the opposite pump inlet 17 of the pump 2 is connected to the intake branch 20 with the check valve 19 being interposed.
- the pump inlet 17 is also connected to the line system 30, which contains the hydraulic line 18, the pressure line branches 22, 23, the valves 21, 24, the check valve 25 and the discharge lines 27, 28.
- the consumers 6 connect to the pressure line branches 22, 23 and are actuated, for example, by means of a slave cylinder (not shown) connected to one of the pressure line branches 22, 23.
- a slave cylinder not shown
- the pump 2 sucks in fluid from the reservoir 15 from one of the suction branches 16, 20 in each case.
- the hydraulic line 18 can be connected alternately to the pressure line branch 22 supplying the slave cylinder of the parking lock 7 or to the pressure line branch 23 supplying the slave cylinder of the friction clutch 8 by means of the switchable valve 21 , here a 4/2 valve.
- the switchable valve 24 here a 2/2 valve, is introduced into the pressure line branch 23 and connects it to the reservoir 15 via the discharge line 27 .
- the valve 21 is switched between the hydraulic line 18 and the pressure line branch 23
- the pressure line branch 22 is connected to the reservoir 15 by means of the discharge line 28, so that the parking lock 7 is opened.
- the pressure line branch 23 is uncoupled.
- a pressure built up on the slave cylinder of the friction clutch to actuate the friction clutch 8 is maintained by means of the check valve 25, so that the friction clutch 8 remains closed, for example, independently of the wiring of the valve 21 or the operation of the pump 2 and only the pressure loss caused by the leakage pleasure must be tracked.
- the friction clutch 8 is opened by the valve 24 being opened.
- the pressure sensor 26 connected to the control unit 10 is connected to the pressure line branch 23 .
- Two variants of the pre-filling of the line system 30 can be set.
- the pump 2 is driven in the direction of rotation 5 and sucks in fluid via the suction branch 16 and pumps it into the hydraulic line 18 and from there into the pressure line branch 23 and the discharge line 27 into the reservoir 15 until a termination criterion is assumed, assuming complete or sufficient filling of the hydraulic line 18 and the pressure line branch 23, the pump 2 stops.
- the termination criterion can be determined from the sensor data of the pressure sensor 26 recorded over the filling time and/or from the variable derived from the current of the electric motor 9 recorded over the operating time.
- the valve 21 between the hydraulic line 18 and the pressure line branch 23 and the valve 24 between the pressure line branch 23 and the discharge line 27 are continuously switched.
- the pump 2 is operated in the direction of rotation 3 .
- fluid is sucked in via the second suction branch 20 and divided into the cooling line 12 and the hydraulic line 18 at the connection node 29 .
- the cooling line 12 can also wet the components to be cooled, such as the friction clutch 8 , for example when the motor vehicle is parked for a long time, thereby enabling a more comfortable start.
- the start of the two variants depends on the service life and/or the ambient temperature. For example, pre-filling can be suspended in the case of short downtimes. Furthermore, depending on the service life and/or the ambient temperature, a distinction can be made between the two variants.
- FIG. 2 shows the diagram 100 of a pre-filling process of the hydraulic system 1 of FIG. 1 over the filling time t.
- Partial diagram I shows the speed n of the pump 2, which is controlled to a constantly controlled speed n(B) up to the termination criterion AK.
- Partial diagram II shows the pressure p of the pressure sensor 26 and partial diagram III shows the current i flowing via the electric motor 9 over the filling time t.
- the pressure point p(B) and/or the current value i(B) serve as termination criteria AK, evaluated together or individually.
- the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 26 remains low until the time t1 due to the lack of fluid in the line system 30.
- the line system 30 begins to fill and the flow resistance applied to the valve 24 increases the pressure p in the line system 30. If the pressure p reaches the pressure point p(B), it is assumed that the line system 30 is sufficiently filled and the Pump 2 is shut down. The valve 24 is then closed, for example, and the valve 21 is switched through between the hydraulic line 18 and the pressure line branch 22 .
- Partial diagram III shows the current i of the electric motor 9 over the filling time t. Due to the regulation of the constant speed n of the pump 2, a current peak i(max) occurs at the beginning of the filling time t, which is faded out due to the short filling time t. This is followed by a small flow resulting from the transport of fluid. At time t2, the current i increases due to the flow resistance at the valve 24 and the build-up of pressure in the line system 30. At the current value i(B), it is assumed that the line system 30 is sufficiently filled and the pump 2 is switched off at the termination criterion AK defined by this current value i(B).
- Connection node piping system diagram AK termination criterion i current i(B) current value i(max) current peak n speed n(B) speed p pressure p(B) pressure point t filling time t1 time t2 time
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for prefilling a hydraulic system (1) of a motor vehicle with a pump (2), which delivers fluid to a first consumer (4) in a first direction of rotation (3) and delivers fluid to at least one second consumer (6) in a second direction of rotation (5) and with a line system (30) through which the pump (2) can be connected to the at least one second consumer (6) and, with the interposition of a switchable valve (24), to a reservoir (15). In order to achieve rapid and convenient actuation of the at least one second consumer (6) when the motor vehicle is restarted after a standstill, the pump (2) delivers fluid from the reservoir (15) via the line system (30) when the line system (30) is connected to the reservoir (15), depending on a standing time of the motor vehicle and/or an ambient temperature, up to a predetermined termination criterion before a request from the at least one second consumer (6).
Description
Verfahren zur Vorbefüllunq eines Hydrauliksystems eines hydraulischen Aktors eines Kraftfahrzeugs Method for pre-filling a hydraulic system of a hydraulic actuator of a motor vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Vorbefüllung eines Hydrauliksystems eines Aktors eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer Pumpe, die in einer ersten Drehrichtung Fluid zu einem ersten Verbraucher fördert und in einer zweiten Drehrichtung Fluid zu zumindest einem zweiten Verbraucher fördert, und mit einem Leitungssystem durch welches die Pumpe mit dem zweiten Verbraucher und unter Zwischenschaltung eines schaltbaren Ventils mit einem Reservoir verbindbar ist. The invention relates to a method for pre-filling a hydraulic system of an actuator of a motor vehicle with a pump that delivers fluid to a first consumer in a first direction of rotation and delivers fluid to at least one second consumer in a second direction of rotation, and with a line system through which the pump the second consumer and with the interposition of a switchable valve can be connected to a reservoir.
Derartige Hydrauliksysteme sind in einem Antriebsstrang, insbesondere in einem Hybridantriebsstrang eines Kraftfahrzeugs vorgesehen. Beispielsweise können in einem Hybridantriebsstrang eine Brennkraftmaschine und eine Elektromaschine verbunden sein, wobei sich Brennkraftmaschine und Elektromaschine mittels einer Trennkupplung wie beispielsweise einer Reibungskupplung direkt verbunden oder unabhängig voneinander betreibbar sind. Der Elektromaschine ist beispielsweise ein zwischen deren Rotor und einem Differential mit den Antriebsrädern wirksam angeordnetes Getriebe beispielsweise mit einer einzigen Getriebestufe nachgeschaltet, in dem eine zweite Elektromaschine angeordnet sein kann. Such hydraulic systems are provided in a drive train, in particular in a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle. For example, an internal combustion engine and an electric machine can be connected in a hybrid drive train, with the internal combustion engine and electric machine being directly connected by means of a separating clutch, such as a friction clutch, or being operable independently of one another. The electric machine is, for example, connected downstream of a transmission which is operatively arranged between its rotor and a differential with the drive wheels, for example with a single gear stage, in which a second electric machine can be arranged.
Das Kraftfahrzeug enthält beispielsweise zur Ausbildung einer Feststellbremse eine Parksperre, die mittels einer formschlüssig in ein Getriebeprofil eingreifenden Parkkralle betätigt wird. The motor vehicle contains, for example, a parking brake to form a parking brake, which is actuated by means of a parking claw engaging in a form-fitting manner in a transmission profile.
Das Hydrauliksystem dient dabei dem Kühlen der Trennkupplung und gegebenenfalls weiteren Getriebekomponenten und der Betätigung der Trennkupplung und der Parksperre. Zum Ansaugen und Verteilen von Fluid dient dabei beispielsweise eine
elektrisch von einem Elektromotor betriebene Pumpe, beispielsweise eine Reversierpumpe. In die eine Drehrichtung der Pumpe wird das Fluid durch den einen Kühlkreislauf gepumpt, in die andere Drehrichtung wird der benötigte Druck zur Betätigung von Trennkupplung bzw. Parksperre erzeugt. Mittels schaltbarer Ventile wie beispielsweise 2-Wegeventile und Sperrventile wird der Fluidkreislauf gesteuert. Im hybridischen Fährbetrieb ist die Trennkupplung vollständig geschlossen, um das Drehmoment der Brennkraftmaschine auf die Antriebsräder zu übertragen. Der Arbeitsdruck zur Betätigung eines Nehmerzylinders zum Schließen der Trennkupplung kann mittels eines schaltbaren Sperrventils und/oder eines Rückschlagventils gehalten werden. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Hydrauliksysteme mit einer elektrisch angetriebenen sogenannten Reversierpumpe bekannt. Dabei kann der einen Drehrichtung der Reversierpumpe eine Volumenstromfunktion, wie beispielsweise eine Kühlfunktion, und der anderen Drehrichtung der Reversierpumpe eine Betätigungsfunktion zugeordnet sein. Derartige Hydrauliksysteme und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb sind beispielsweise aus den Druckschriften DE 10 2018 112 663 A1 , DE 10 2018 112 665 A1 , der DE 10 2018 113 316 A1 und DE 10 2018 114 789 A1 bekannt. Andere Hydrauliksysteme sind unter anderem aus den Druckschriften DE 10 2016 213 318 A1 und WO 2012/113368 A1 bekannt. The hydraulic system serves to cool the separating clutch and, if necessary, other transmission components and to actuate the separating clutch and the parking lock. For example, one is used for sucking in and distributing fluid pump operated electrically by an electric motor, for example a reversible pump. The fluid is pumped through one cooling circuit in one direction of rotation of the pump, while the pressure required to actuate the separating clutch or parking lock is generated in the other direction of rotation. The fluid circuit is controlled by means of switchable valves such as 2-way valves and check valves. In hybrid ferry operation, the separating clutch is fully closed in order to transfer the torque of the internal combustion engine to the drive wheels. The working pressure for actuating a slave cylinder to close the separating clutch can be maintained by means of a switchable check valve and/or a check valve. Hydraulic systems with an electrically driven so-called reversible pump are known from the prior art. In this case, one direction of rotation of the reversible pump can be assigned a volumetric flow function, such as a cooling function, and the other direction of rotation of the reversible pump can be assigned an actuating function. Such hydraulic systems and methods for their operation are known, for example, from the documents DE 10 2018 112 663 A1, DE 10 2018 112 665 A1, DE 10 2018 113 316 A1 and DE 10 2018 114 789 A1. Other hydraulic systems are known, inter alia, from the publications DE 10 2016 213 318 A1 and WO 2012/113368 A1.
Aus der Druckschrift DE 10 2018 131 117 A1 ist ein Hydrauliksystem und ein Verfahren zum Entfernen von Luft aus diesem bekannt. From the document DE 10 2018 131 117 A1, a hydraulic system and a method for removing air from it is known.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Weiterbildung eines Verfahrens zur Vorbefüllung eines Hydrauliksystems. Insbesondere ist Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, bei dem ein Verbraucher vor dessen Anforderung zur Betätigung vorbereitet wird, so dass dieser schnell und komfortabel nach einer Stillsetzung des Kraftfahrzeugs in Betrieb genommen werden kann.
Die Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die von dem Anspruch 1 abhängigen Ansprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des Gegenstands des Anspruchs 1 wieder. The object of the invention is the development of a method for pre-filling a hydraulic system. In particular, the object of the invention is to propose a method in which a consumer is prepared for actuation before he requests it, so that it can be put into operation quickly and conveniently after the motor vehicle has been shut down. The object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1. The claims dependent on claim 1 present advantageous embodiments of the subject-matter of claim 1.
Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren dient zur Vorbefüllung eines Hydrauliksystems eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Das Hydrauliksystem dient insbesondere in einem Hybridantriebsstrang als smarter Aktor zur Kühlung und Betätigung von Komponenten des Hybridantriebsstrangs. Das Hydrauliksystem enthält eine beispielsweise mittels eines Elektromotors angetriebene, in beide Drehrichtungen steuerbare und Fluid fördernde Pumpe, die in einer ersten Drehrichtung Fluid zu einem ersten Verbraucher, beispielsweise zu einer Trennkupplung zur Kühlung fördert und in einer zweiten Drehrichtung Fluid zu zumindest einem zweiten Verbraucher, beispielsweise einer mittels eines Nehmerzylinders bestätigten Parksperre und/oder zu einer mittels eines zweiten Nehmerzylinders betätigten Trennkupplung fördert. The proposed method is used for pre-filling a hydraulic system of a motor vehicle. In a hybrid drive train in particular, the hydraulic system serves as a smart actuator for cooling and actuating components of the hybrid drive train. The hydraulic system contains a pump that is driven, for example, by means of an electric motor, can be controlled in both directions of rotation and delivers fluid, which in a first direction of rotation delivers fluid to a first consumer, for example to a separating clutch for cooling, and in a second direction of rotation, fluid to at least one second consumer, for example a parking lock activated by means of a slave cylinder and/or to a separating clutch actuated by means of a second slave cylinder.
Der zumindest eine zweite Verbraucher, beispielsweise die beiden Nehmerzylinder, sind mit der Pumpe mit einem Leitungssystem, beispielsweise bestehend aus einer mit der Pumpe verbundenen Hydraulikleitung und zwei wechselweise verbindbaren, zwei zweite Verbraucher versorgende Druckleitungsäste, verbunden, durch welches die Pumpe mit dem zweiten Verbraucher und unter Zwischenschaltung eines schaltbaren Ventils mit einem Reservoir verbunden ist. The at least one second consumer, for example the two slave cylinders, are connected to the pump with a line system, for example consisting of a hydraulic line connected to the pump and two alternately connectable pressure line branches supplying two second consumers, through which the pump is connected to the second consumer and is connected to a reservoir with the interposition of a switchable valve.
Es wird zur Verringerung der Betätigungszeit des zumindest einen zweiten Verbrauchers und Erhöhung des Komforts dessen Betätigung vorgeschlagen, dass abhängig von einer Standzeit des Kraftfahrzeugs und/oder einer Umgebungstemperatur die Pumpe Fluid vom Reservoir über das Leitungssystem bei mit dem Reservoir verbundenem Leitungssystem bis zu einem vorgegebenen Abbruchskriterium vor einer Anforderung des zumindest einen zweiten Verbrauchers fördert. Dies bedeutet, dass in
dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren das zwischen dem zweiten Verbraucher und der Pumpe des Hydrauliksystems gegebenenfalls bei längerer Standzeit und/oder höherer Umgebungstemperatur zumindest teilweise leergelaufene Leitungssystem durch einen Betrieb der Pumpe vorbefüllt wird, bevor beispielsweise vom Fahrer des Kraftfahrzeugs eine Anforderung kommt, den zumindest einen zweiten Verbraucher, beispielsweise eine Parksperre in Betrieb zu nehmen. Hierbei wird von der Pumpe Fluid von dem Reservoir, beispielsweise einem drucklosen Sumpf angesaugt und gegebenenfalls in dem Leitungssystem vorhandene Luft über das offene Ventil nach außen, das heißt in das Reservoir verbracht, bis anhand eines Abbruchskriteriums erkannt wird, dass das Leitungssystem vollständig oder zumindest für die schnelle und komfortable Betätigung des zumindest einen zweiten Verbrauchers ausreichend mit Fluid befüllt ist. In order to reduce the actuation time of the at least one second consumer and to increase the comfort of its actuation, it is proposed that, depending on the idle time of the motor vehicle and/or an ambient temperature, the pump pumps fluid from the reservoir via the line system with the line system connected to the reservoir up to a predetermined termination criterion prior to a request from the at least one second consumer. This means that in in the proposed method, the line system between the second consumer and the pump of the hydraulic system, which may have been at least partially empty in the event of a longer standstill and/or higher ambient temperature, is pre-filled by operating the pump before, for example, a request comes from the driver of the motor vehicle, the at least one second consumer, for example to put a parking lock into operation. In this case, the pump sucks fluid from the reservoir, for example a pressureless sump, and any air present in the line system is discharged to the outside via the open valve, i.e. into the reservoir, until it is recognized on the basis of a termination criterion that the line system is complete or at least for the quick and comfortable actuation of the at least one second consumer is sufficiently filled with fluid.
Beispielsweise weist das Leitungssystem einen ersten, eine Parksperre und einen zweiten, eine Reibungskupplung, beispielsweise eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Elektromaschine des Hybridantriebsstrangs trennbar verbindende Trennkupplung betätigenden Druckleitungsast auf, wobei die beiden Druckleitungsäste mittels eines zweiten schaltbaren Ventils, beispielsweise eines 4/2-Ventils, wechselweise mit der mit der Pumpe verbundenen Hydraulikleitung verbindbar sind. In dem der Trennkupplung zugeordneten Druckleitungsast kann dem zweiten Ventil das erste, beispielsweise als 2/2-Ventil ausgebildete Ventil nachgeschaltet sein, welches den Druckleitungsast und damit die Hydraulikleitung mit dem Reservoir verbindet. Bei einer derartigen Schaltung ist das zweite Ventil in Richtung des Druckleitungsasts für die Trennkupplung und das erste Ventil gegenüber dem Reservoir offen geschaltet. Auf diese Weise kann während der Vorbefüllung Fluid von dem Reservoir über die Hydraulikleitung und den Druckleitungsast zum Reservoir gepumpt werden.
Der Aufbau des Hydrauliksystems kann in der Weise erfolgen, dass die Pumpe an jedem der beiden Pumpeneingängen mit einem mittels eines Rückschlagventils gegenüber dem Reservoir rückflussgesicherten Ansaugast versehen ist. Bei einem Betrieb der Pumpe wechselt abhängig von der Drehrichtung der Pumpeneingang, so dass auch die Ansaugäste abhängig von der Drehrichtung wechseln, wobei das Fluid durch Einstellung der Drehrichtung der Pumpe jeweils durch einen der beiden Ansaugäste angesaugt und in die Hydraulikleitung geleitet, das heißt, über die den jeweiligen Druckleitungsast dem ersten oder zweiten Verbraucher zugeleitet wird. Die Vorbefüllung kann dabei in zwei Varianten erfolgen. In einer ersten Variante wird über den zweiten Ansaugast Fluid angesaugt und direkt über das zweite Ventil und das zum Reservoir geöffnete Ventil gepumpt. In der zweiten Variante wird die Pumpe in entgegengesetzte Richtung betrieben. Hierbei wird Fluid über den ersten Ansaugast angesaugt und gelangt von dort in das Leitungssystem. Der für die Vorbefüllung unmaßgebliche Anteil wird der Kühlung des ersten Verbrauchers zugeleitet. Der für die Vorbefüllung des Leitungssystems maßgebliche Anteil wird über das zum Reservoir geöffnete Ventil ausgeleitet. For example, the line system has a first pressure line branch that actuates a parking lock and a second pressure line branch that actuates a friction clutch, e.g can be connected to the hydraulic line connected to the pump. In the pressure line branch assigned to the separating clutch, the second valve can be followed by the first valve, for example designed as a 2/2 valve, which connects the pressure line branch and thus the hydraulic line to the reservoir. With such a circuit, the second valve is switched open in the direction of the pressure line branch for the separating clutch and the first valve in relation to the reservoir. In this way, during the pre-filling, fluid can be pumped from the reservoir via the hydraulic line and the pressure line branch to the reservoir. The hydraulic system can be constructed in such a way that the pump is provided at each of the two pump inlets with an intake branch that is protected against backflow by means of a non-return valve in relation to the reservoir. When the pump is operated, the pump inlet changes depending on the direction of rotation, so that the suction branches also change depending on the direction of rotation, whereby the fluid is sucked in through one of the two suction branches by adjusting the direction of rotation of the pump and fed into the hydraulic line, i.e. via which is fed to the respective pressure line branch to the first or second consumer. The pre-filling can take place in two variants. In a first variant, fluid is sucked in via the second suction branch and pumped directly via the second valve and the valve that is open to the reservoir. In the second variant, the pump is operated in the opposite direction. In this case, fluid is sucked in via the first intake branch and from there it enters the line system. The portion that is irrelevant for the pre-filling is fed to the cooling of the first consumer. The part that is decisive for the pre-filling of the line system is discharged via the valve that is open to the reservoir.
Eine Möglichkeit zur Bestimmung eines Abbruchskriteriums der Vorbefüllung ist eine Erfassung des Drucks in dem Leitungssystem über die Befüllzeit, das heißt Aktivität der Pumpe während der Vorbefüllung. Nimmt der Druck in charakteristischer Weise zu, kann von einem befüllten Leitungssystem ausgegangen werden. Beispielsweise kann hierzu eine vorgegebene Druckschwelle, ein Druckwert, Druckbereich oder Druckpunkt als Abbruchskriterium festgelegt werden. Die Überwachung des Abbruchskriteriums kann beispielsweise mittels eines in der Druckleitung vorgesehenen wie angeordneten Drucksensors erfolgen.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann zur Bestimmung des Abbruchskriteriums ein Strom- /Spannungsverhalten eines die Pumpe antreibenden Elektromotors ausgewertet werden. Beispielsweise kann ein während der Vorbefüllung in dem Elektromotor fließender Strom ausgewertet werden, wobei das Abbruchskriterium auf einen Stromwert festgelegt wird, bei dem das Leitungssystem vorbefüllt ist. One possibility for determining a criterion for stopping the pre-filling is to record the pressure in the line system over the filling time, ie the activity of the pump during the pre-filling. If the pressure increases in a characteristic way, it can be assumed that the pipe system is filled. For example, a predetermined pressure threshold, a pressure value, pressure range or pressure point can be specified as a termination criterion. The termination criterion can be monitored, for example, by means of a pressure sensor provided and arranged in the pressure line. Alternatively or additionally, a current/voltage behavior of an electric motor driving the pump can be evaluated to determine the termination criterion. For example, a current flowing in the electric motor during the pre-filling can be evaluated, with the termination criterion being set to a current value at which the line system is pre-filled.
Das Abbruchskriterium kann als feste oder an die Laufleitung des Hydrauliksystems temperaturabhängig und/oder dergleichen adaptierbare Größe beispielsweise in einem Steuergerät des Hydrauliksystems oder in einer übergeordneten Steuereinheit abgelegt und abrufbar sein. Das initiale Abbruchskriterium kann beispielsweise während der Initialisierung am Bandende gelernt oder empirisch vorgegeben werden.The termination criterion can be stored and retrieved as a fixed variable or variable that can be adapted to the running line of the hydraulic system as a function of temperature and/or the like, for example in a control unit of the hydraulic system or in a higher-level control unit. The initial termination criterion can be learned, for example, during the initialization at the end of the line, or it can be specified empirically.
Die Standzeit des stillgelegten Kraftfahrzeugs wird beispielsweise zwischen einer Stillsetzung, beispielsweise durch Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine, Abschalten der Zündung, Abziehen eines Betriebsschlüssels, Verschließen des Kraftfahrzeugs und/oder dergleichen und einer Wiederinbetriebnahme des Kraftfahrzeugs, beispielsweise durch Öffnen des Kraftfahrzeugs, Einbringen eines Betriebsschlüssels, Einschalten der Zündung und/oder dergleichen ermittelt. The idle time of the motor vehicle that has been shut down is recorded, for example, between being shut down, for example by switching off the internal combustion engine, switching off the ignition, removing an operating key, locking the motor vehicle and/or the like, and starting the motor vehicle again, for example by opening the motor vehicle, inserting an operating key, switching on the Ignition and / or the like determined.
In vorteilhafter Weise erfolgt der Start der Routine zur Vorbefüllung des Hydrauliksystems vor der Inbetriebnahme des Kraftfahrzeugs, so dass bei Inbetriebnahme die Vorbefüllung schon abgeschlossen ist. Beispielsweise kann die Routine bei einer Entriegelung des Kraftfahrzeugs mittels eines Schlüssels oder kontaktlos eingeleitet werden. The routine for pre-filling the hydraulic system is advantageously started before the motor vehicle is started up, so that the pre-filling is already completed when the vehicle is started up. For example, the routine can be initiated when the motor vehicle is unlocked using a key or without contact.
Die Umgebungstemperatur kann beispielsweise als innere Temperatur im Motorraum des Kraftfahrzeugs mittels eines gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Temperaturfühlers in einer Antriebsstrangkomponente, Steuergerät oder dergleichen oder als Temperaturmodell ermittelt werden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Umgebungstemperatur als
Außentemperatur außerhalb des Kraftfahrzeugs, beispielsweise mittels eines Außentemperaturfühlers des Kraftfahrzeugs oder anhand einer drahtlos beispielsweise von einer Internetverbindung des Kraftfahrzeugs oder eines mit diesem verbundenen Mediengeräts wie beispielsweise Smartphone zur Verfügung gestellten Außentemperatur erfasst und ausgewertet werden. The ambient temperature can be determined, for example, as the internal temperature in the engine compartment of the motor vehicle using a temperature sensor that may be present in a drive train component, control unit or the like, or as a temperature model. Alternatively or additionally, the ambient temperature as Outside temperature outside the motor vehicle, for example by means of an outside temperature sensor of the motor vehicle or using a wireless, for example, from an Internet connection of the motor vehicle or a media device connected to it such as a smartphone outside temperature are recorded and evaluated.
Die Erfindung wird anhand des in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Diese zeigen: The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. These show:
Figur 1 einen Hydraulikplan eines Hydrauliksystems und Figure 1 is a hydraulic diagram of a hydraulic system and
Figur 2 ein Diagramm mit Abläufen zur Vorbefüllung des Hydrauliksystems der Figur 1 . FIG. 2 shows a diagram with sequences for pre-filling the hydraulic system of FIG.
Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung des Hydrauliksystems 1 . Das Hydrauliksystem 1 weist die als Reversierpumpe ausgebildete Pumpe 2 auf. Die Pumpe 2 ist in einer ersten Drehrichtung 3 antreibbar. In der ersten Drehrichtung 3 fördert die Pumpe 2 Fluid zu dem ersten Verbraucher 4, wie beispielsweise einer Kühleinrichtung und stellt eine Volumenstromfunktion bereit. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the hydraulic system 1 . The hydraulic system 1 has the pump 2 designed as a reversible pump. The pump 2 can be driven in a first direction of rotation 3 . In the first direction of rotation 3, the pump 2 delivers fluid to the first consumer 4, such as a cooling device, and provides a volume flow function.
Die Pumpe 2 ist in einer der ersten Drehrichtung 3 entgegengesetzten zweiten Drehrichtung 5 antreibbar. In der zweiten Drehrichtung 5 fördert die Pumpe 2 das Fluid zu den beiden Verbrauchern 6. Hierbei wird zur Betätigung dieser ein Betriebsdruck aufgebaut. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel fördert die Pumpe 2 das Fluid zu zwei zweiten Verbrauchern 6, hier zu einem Nehmerzylinder der Parksperre 7 und zu einem Nehmerzylinder der Reibungskupplung 8. The pump 2 can be driven in a second direction of rotation 5 opposite to the first direction of rotation 3 . In the second direction of rotation 5, the pump 2 delivers the fluid to the two consumers 6. Here, an operating pressure is built up to actuate them. In the illustrated embodiment, the pump 2 delivers the fluid to two second consumers 6, here to a slave cylinder of the parking lock 7 and to a slave cylinder of the friction clutch 8.
Die Pumpe 2 wird von dem Elektromotor 9 angetrieben. Der Elektromotor 9 wird mittels des Steuergeräts 10 angesteuert. Der erste Pumpeneingang 11 der Pumpe 2 ist mittels der Kühlleitung 12 unter Zwischenschaltung des Rückschlagventils 13 mit dem
ersten Verbraucher 4 und mittels des Rückschlagventils 14 mit dem aus dem Reservoir 15 ansaugenden ersten Ansaugast 16 verbunden. Das Rückschlagventil 13 verhindert ein Rückpumpen des Fluids in das Reservoir 15. The pump 2 is driven by the electric motor 9 . The electric motor 9 is controlled by the control unit 10 . The first pump inlet 11 of the pump 2 is by means of the cooling line 12 with the interposition of the check valve 13 with the connected to the first consumer 4 and by means of the check valve 14 to the first suction branch 16 sucking in from the reservoir 15 . The check valve 13 prevents the fluid from being pumped back into the reservoir 15.
Der gegenüberliegende Pumpeneingang 17 der Pumpe 2 ist unter Zwischenschaltung des Rückschlagventils 19 mit dem Ansaugast 20 verbunden. Der Pumpeneingang 17 ist ebenfalls mit dem Leitungssystem 30 verbunden, welches die Hydraulikleitung 18, die Druckleitungsäste 22, 23, die Ventile 21 , 24, das Rückschlagventil 25 und die Ableitungen 27, 28 enthält. An die Druckleitungsäste 22, 23 schließen sich die Verbraucher 6 an, die beispielsweise jeweils mittels eines nicht dargestellten, mit einem der Druckleitungsäste 22, 23 verbundenen Nehmerzylinders betätigt werden. Abhängig von den Drehrichtungen 3, 5 saugt die Pumpe 2 jeweils aus einem der Ansaugäste 16, 20 Fluid aus dem Reservoir 15 an. The opposite pump inlet 17 of the pump 2 is connected to the intake branch 20 with the check valve 19 being interposed. The pump inlet 17 is also connected to the line system 30, which contains the hydraulic line 18, the pressure line branches 22, 23, the valves 21, 24, the check valve 25 and the discharge lines 27, 28. The consumers 6 connect to the pressure line branches 22, 23 and are actuated, for example, by means of a slave cylinder (not shown) connected to one of the pressure line branches 22, 23. Depending on the directions of rotation 3, 5, the pump 2 sucks in fluid from the reservoir 15 from one of the suction branches 16, 20 in each case.
Die Hydraulikleitung 18 ist mittels des schalbaren Ventils 21 , hier ein 4/2-Ventil wechselweise mit dem den Nehmerzylinder der Parksperre 7 versorgenden Druckleitungsast 22 oder dem den Nehmerzylinder der Reibungskupplung 8 versorgenden Druckleitungsast 23 verbindbar. In den Druckleitungsast 23 ist das schaltbare Ventil 24, hier ein 2/2-Ventil eingebracht, das diesen über die Ableitung 27 mit dem Reservoir 15 verbindet. Bei zwischen der Hydraulikleitung 18 und dem Druckleitungsast 23 geschaltetem Ventil 21 ist der Druckleitungsast 22 mittels der Ableitung 28 mit dem Reservoir 15 verbunden, so dass die Parksperre 7 geöffnet ist. Bei mit dem Druckleitungsast 22 verbundener Hydraulikleitung 18 ist der Druckleitungsast 23 abgekoppelt. Ein an dem Nehmerzylinder der Reibungskupplung aufgebauter Druck zur Betätigung der Reibungskupplung 8 wird mittels des Rückschlagventils 25 gehalten, so dass die Reibungskupplung 8 beispielsweise unabhängig von der Beschaltung des Ventils 21 oder dem Betrieb der Pumpe 2 geschlossen bleibt und nur der leckagebedingte Druckver-
lust nachgeführt werden muss. Die Reibungskupplung 8 wird geöffnet, indem das Ventil 24 geöffnet wird. The hydraulic line 18 can be connected alternately to the pressure line branch 22 supplying the slave cylinder of the parking lock 7 or to the pressure line branch 23 supplying the slave cylinder of the friction clutch 8 by means of the switchable valve 21 , here a 4/2 valve. The switchable valve 24 , here a 2/2 valve, is introduced into the pressure line branch 23 and connects it to the reservoir 15 via the discharge line 27 . When the valve 21 is switched between the hydraulic line 18 and the pressure line branch 23, the pressure line branch 22 is connected to the reservoir 15 by means of the discharge line 28, so that the parking lock 7 is opened. When the hydraulic line 18 is connected to the pressure line branch 22, the pressure line branch 23 is uncoupled. A pressure built up on the slave cylinder of the friction clutch to actuate the friction clutch 8 is maintained by means of the check valve 25, so that the friction clutch 8 remains closed, for example, independently of the wiring of the valve 21 or the operation of the pump 2 and only the pressure loss caused by the leakage pleasure must be tracked. The friction clutch 8 is opened by the valve 24 being opened.
In den Druckleitungsast 23 ist der mit dem Steuergerät 10 verbundene Drucksensor 26 geschaltet. Dieser erfasst beispielsweise den Druck in dem Druckleitungsast 23 bei geschlossener Reibungskupplung 8 und bei der Vorbefüllung des Leitungssystems 30. Es können zwei Varianten der Vorbefüllung des Leitungssystems 30 eingestellt werden. In der ersten Variante wird die Pumpe 2 in die Drehrichtung 5 angetrieben und saugt über den Ansaugast 16 Fluid an und pumpt dieses in die Hydraulikleitung 18 und von dort in den Druckleitungsast 23 und die Ableitung 27 in das Reservoir 15 bis ein Abbruchskriterium bei angenommener vollständiger oder ausreichender Befüllung der Hydraulikleitung 18 und des Druckleitungsasts 23 die Pumpe 2 stoppt. Das Abbruchskriterium kann aus den über die Befüllzeit erfassten Sensordaten des Drucksensors 26 und oder aus der aus dem über die Betriebszeit erfassten Strom des Elektromotors 9 abgeleiteten Größe ermittelt werden. Während der Befüllung sind das Ventil 21 zwischen der Hydraulikleitung 18 und dem Druckleitungsast 23 und das Ventil 24 zwischen dem Druckleitungsast 23 und der Ableitung 27 durchgängig geschaltet. In der zweiten Variante wird zu der ersten Variante abweichend die Pumpe 2 in Drehrichtung 3 betrieben. Hierbei wird Fluid über den zweiten Ansaugast 20 angesaugt und an dem Verbindungsknoten 29 geteilt in die Kühlleitung 12 und in die Hydraulikleitung 18 überführt. Auf diese Weise steht ein geringerer Fluidstrom zur Vorbefüllung der Hydraulikleitung zur Verfügung, die Kühlleitung 12 kann jedoch zudem beispielsweise bei längeren Standzeiten des Kraftfahrzeugs die zu kühlenden Komponenten wie beispielsweise die Reibungskupplung 8 benetzen und dadurch eine komfortablere Anfahrt ermöglichen.
Der Start der beiden Varianten erfolgt abhängig von der Standzeit und/oder der Umgebungstemperatur. Beispielsweise kann bei kurzen Standzeiten eine Vorbefüllung ausgesetzt werden. Weiterhin kann abhängig von den Standzeiten und/oder der Umgebungstemperatur zwischen den beiden Varianten unterschieden werden. The pressure sensor 26 connected to the control unit 10 is connected to the pressure line branch 23 . This detects, for example, the pressure in the pressure line branch 23 when the friction clutch 8 is closed and during the pre-filling of the line system 30. Two variants of the pre-filling of the line system 30 can be set. In the first variant, the pump 2 is driven in the direction of rotation 5 and sucks in fluid via the suction branch 16 and pumps it into the hydraulic line 18 and from there into the pressure line branch 23 and the discharge line 27 into the reservoir 15 until a termination criterion is assumed, assuming complete or sufficient filling of the hydraulic line 18 and the pressure line branch 23, the pump 2 stops. The termination criterion can be determined from the sensor data of the pressure sensor 26 recorded over the filling time and/or from the variable derived from the current of the electric motor 9 recorded over the operating time. During the filling, the valve 21 between the hydraulic line 18 and the pressure line branch 23 and the valve 24 between the pressure line branch 23 and the discharge line 27 are continuously switched. In the second variant, unlike the first variant, the pump 2 is operated in the direction of rotation 3 . Here, fluid is sucked in via the second suction branch 20 and divided into the cooling line 12 and the hydraulic line 18 at the connection node 29 . In this way, a lower fluid flow is available for pre-filling the hydraulic line, but the cooling line 12 can also wet the components to be cooled, such as the friction clutch 8 , for example when the motor vehicle is parked for a long time, thereby enabling a more comfortable start. The start of the two variants depends on the service life and/or the ambient temperature. For example, pre-filling can be suspended in the case of short downtimes. Furthermore, depending on the service life and/or the ambient temperature, a distinction can be made between the two variants.
Die Figur 2 zeigt das Diagramm 100 eines Vorbefüllvorgangs des Hydrauliksystems 1 der Figur 1 über die Befüllzeit t. Das Teildiagramm I zeigt hierbei die Drehzahl n der bis zum Abbruchkriterium AK auf eine konstant geregelte Drehzahl n(B) geregelten Pumpe 2. FIG. 2 shows the diagram 100 of a pre-filling process of the hydraulic system 1 of FIG. 1 over the filling time t. Partial diagram I shows the speed n of the pump 2, which is controlled to a constantly controlled speed n(B) up to the termination criterion AK.
Das Teildiagramm II zeigt den Druck p des Drucksensors 26 und Teildiagramm III zeigt den über den Elektromotor 9 fließenden Strom i über die Befüllzeit t. Als Abbruchskriterien AK dienen gemeinsam oder einzeln ausgewertet der Druckpunkt p(B) und/oder der Stromwert i(B). Während der Befüllzeit t bleibt der vom Drucksensor 26 erfasste Druck p bis zum Zeitpunkt t1 aufgrund des in dem Leitungssystem 30 fehlenden Fluids gering. Am Zeitpunkt t1 beginnt sich das Leitungssystem 30 zu füllen und der an dem Ventil 24 anliegende Strömungswiderstand erhöht den Druck p in dem Leitungssystem 30. Erreicht der Druck p den Druckpunkt p(B) wird davon ausgegangen, dass das Leitungssystem 30 ausreichend befüllt ist und die Pumpe 2 wird abgestellt. Anschließend wird beispielsweise das Ventil 24 geschlossen und das Ventil 21 zwischen der Hydraulikleitung 18 und dem Druckleitungsast 22 durchgeschaltet. Partial diagram II shows the pressure p of the pressure sensor 26 and partial diagram III shows the current i flowing via the electric motor 9 over the filling time t. The pressure point p(B) and/or the current value i(B) serve as termination criteria AK, evaluated together or individually. During the filling time t, the pressure p detected by the pressure sensor 26 remains low until the time t1 due to the lack of fluid in the line system 30. At time t1, the line system 30 begins to fill and the flow resistance applied to the valve 24 increases the pressure p in the line system 30. If the pressure p reaches the pressure point p(B), it is assumed that the line system 30 is sufficiently filled and the Pump 2 is shut down. The valve 24 is then closed, for example, and the valve 21 is switched through between the hydraulic line 18 and the pressure line branch 22 .
Das Teildiagramm III zeigt den Strom i des Elektromotors 9 über die Befüllzeit t. Aufgrund der Einregelung der konstanten Drehzahl n der Pumpe 2 zeigt sich zu Beginn der Befüllzeit t eine Stromspitze i(max), die aufgrund der geringen Befüllzeit t ausgeblendet wird. Daran schließt sich ein geringer Strom an, der sich aus der Beförderung von Fluid ergibt. Zum Zeitpunkt t2 steigt der Strom i aufgrund des Strömungswiderstands an dem Ventil 24 und des Aufbaus eines Drucks in dem Leitungssystem 30 an.
Am Stromwert i(B) wird davon ausgegangen, dass das Leitungssystem 30 ausreichend befüllt ist und die Pumpe 2 wird beim von diesem Stromwert i(B) festgelegten Abbruchskriterium AK abgeschaltet.
Partial diagram III shows the current i of the electric motor 9 over the filling time t. Due to the regulation of the constant speed n of the pump 2, a current peak i(max) occurs at the beginning of the filling time t, which is faded out due to the short filling time t. This is followed by a small flow resulting from the transport of fluid. At time t2, the current i increases due to the flow resistance at the valve 24 and the build-up of pressure in the line system 30. At the current value i(B), it is assumed that the line system 30 is sufficiently filled and the pump 2 is switched off at the termination criterion AK defined by this current value i(B).
Bezuqszeichenliste Reference character list
Hydrauliksystem Pumpe Drehrichtung Verbraucher Drehrichtung Verbraucher Parksperre Reibungskupplung Elektromotor Steuergerät Pumpeneingang Kühlleitung Rückschlagventil Rückschlagventil Reservoir Ansaugast Hydraulic system Pump Direction of rotation Consumer Direction of rotation Consumer Parking lock Friction clutch Electric motor Control unit Pump inlet Cooling line Check valve Check valve Reservoir Suction branch
Pumpeneingang Hydraulikleitung Rückschlagventil Ansaugast Ventil Druckleitungsast Druckleitungsast Ventil Rückschlagventil Drucksensor Ableitung Ableitung Pump inlet Hydraulic line Check valve Suction branch Valve Pressure line branch Pressure line branch Valve Check valve Pressure sensor Drain Drain
Verbindungsknoten Leitungssystem Diagramm
AK Abbruchskriterium i Strom i(B) Stromwert i(max) Stromspitze n Drehzahl n(B) Drehzahl p Druck p(B) Druckpunkt t Befüllzeit t1 Zeitpunkt t2 Zeitpunkt Connection node piping system diagram AK termination criterion i current i(B) current value i(max) current peak n speed n(B) speed p pressure p(B) pressure point t filling time t1 time t2 time
I Teildiagramm I part diagram
II Teildiagramm II part diagram
III Teildiagramm
III part diagram
Claims
Patentansprüche Verfahren zur Vorbefüllung eines Hydrauliksystems (1 ) eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer Pumpe Claims Method for pre-filling a hydraulic system (1) of a motor vehicle with a pump
(2), die in einer ersten Drehrichtung (2) rotating in a first direction
(3) Fluid zu einem ersten Verbraucher (3) Fluid to a first consumer
(4) fördert und in einer zweiten Drehrichtung (5) Fluid zu zumindest einem zweiten Verbraucher (6) fördert, und mit einem Leitungssystem (30) durch welches die Pumpe (2) mit dem zumindest einen zweiten Verbraucher (6) und unter Zwischenschaltung eines schaltbaren Ventils (24) mit einem Reservoir (15) verbindbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass abhängig von einer Standzeit des Kraftfahrzeugs und/oder einer Umgebungstemperatur die Pumpe (2) Fluid vom Reservoir (15) über das Leitungssystem (30) bei mit dem Reservoir (15) verbundenem Leitungssystem (30) bis zu einem vorgegebenen Abbruchskriterium (AK) vor einer Anforderung des zumindest einen zweiten Verbrauchers (6) fördert. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Leitungssystem (30) eine mit der Pumpe (2) verbundene Hydraulikleitung (18) und einen ersten, eine Parksperre (7) und einen zweiten, eine Reibungskupplung (8) betätigenden Druckleitungsast (22, 23) aufweist, wobei die beiden Druckleitungsäste (22, 23) mittels eines zweiten schaltbaren Ventils (21 ) wechselweise mit der Hydraulikleitung (18) verbindbar sind. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Stillsetzung des Kraftfahrzeugs der zweite Druckleitungsast (23) mit der Hydraulikleitung (18) verbunden wird. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pumpe (2) an jedem von zwei Pumpeneingängen (11 , 17) mit einem mittels eines Rückschlagventils (13, 19) gegenüber dem Reservoir (15) rückflussgesicherten Ansaugast (16, 20) versehen ist, wobei das Fluid durch Einstellung der Drehrichtung (3, 5) der Pumpe (2) jeweils durch einen der beiden Ansaugäste (16, 20) angesaugt und in die Hydraulikleitung (18) geleitet wird.
(4) conveys and conveys fluid in a second direction of rotation (5) to at least one second consumer (6), and with a line system (30) through which the pump (2) with the at least one second consumer (6) and with the interposition of a switchable valve (24) can be connected to a reservoir (15), characterized in that depending on the idle time of the motor vehicle and/or an ambient temperature, the pump (2) supplies fluid from the reservoir (15) via the line system (30) to the reservoir (15) connected line system (30) up to a predetermined termination criterion (AK) promotes a request from the at least one second consumer (6). Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the line system (30) has a hydraulic line (18) connected to the pump (2) and a first pressure line branch (22, 23 ), wherein the two pressure line branches (22, 23) can be connected alternately to the hydraulic line (18) by means of a second switchable valve (21). Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that when the motor vehicle is stopped, the second pressure line branch (23) is connected to the hydraulic line (18). Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pump (2) is fitted at each of two pump inlets (11, 17) with a suction branch (16, 20 ) is provided, wherein the fluid is sucked in by adjusting the direction of rotation (3, 5) of the pump (2) through one of the two suction branches (16, 20) and fed into the hydraulic line (18).
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Bestimmung des Abbruchskriteriums (AK) ein Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Drucks (p) in dem Leitungssystem (30) ausgewertet wird. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that to determine the termination criterion (AK) exceeding a predetermined pressure (p) in the line system (30) is evaluated.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Drucksignale eines in dem Leitungssystem (30) vorgesehenen Drucksensors (26) ausgewertet werden. 6. The method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that pressure signals from a pressure sensor (26) provided in the line system (30) are evaluated.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Bestimmung des Abbruchskriteriums (AK) ein Strom-/Spannungsverhalten eines die Pumpe (2) antreibenden Elektromotors (9) ausgewertet wird. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that to determine the termination criterion (AK) a current / voltage behavior of the pump (2) driving electric motor (9) is evaluated.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Standzeit zwischen einer Stillsetzung und einer Wiederinbetriebnahme des Kraftfahrzeugs ermittelt wird. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the idle time between a shutdown and a restart of the motor vehicle is determined.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Routine zur Vorbefüllung bei einer Entriegelung des Kraftfahrzeugs einge- leitet wird. 9. The method as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a routine for pre-filling is initiated when the motor vehicle is unlocked.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Umgebungstemperatur eine innere Temperatur im Motorraum und/oder eine Außentemperatur außerhalb des Kraftfahrzeugs ausgewertet wird.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that an internal temperature in the engine compartment and / or an outside temperature outside of the motor vehicle is evaluated as the ambient temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102022103384.8 | 2022-02-14 | ||
DE102022103384.8A DE102022103384A1 (en) | 2022-02-14 | 2022-02-14 | Method for pre-filling a hydraulic system of a hydraulic actuator of a motor vehicle |
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WO2023151758A1 true WO2023151758A1 (en) | 2023-08-17 |
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PCT/DE2023/100112 WO2023151758A1 (en) | 2022-02-14 | 2023-02-13 | Method for prefilling a hydraulic system of a hydraulic actuator of a motor vehicle |
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WO (1) | WO2023151758A1 (en) |
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JP5306974B2 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2013-10-02 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Electric oil pump |
DE102018130700B4 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2020-07-02 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Method for establishing a hydraulic readiness of a hydraulic system and hydraulic system |
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2022
- 2022-02-14 DE DE102022103384.8A patent/DE102022103384A1/en active Pending
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WO2012113368A2 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-30 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Hydraulic device for actuating a clutch |
DE102016213318A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-25 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | A method for maintaining a pressure level of a hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic actuator assembly |
DE102018112665A1 (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2019-11-28 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Hydraulic device with a selectively connected via a switching valve hydraulic parking brake actuator and cut-off valve |
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